The IESTM-30 – New Rendering & Color Gamut Metrics Terry McGowan Change Is Finally Underway … Dir. of American Association

1 . Why Do Lighting Regulations Include Color Requirements? Topics . The Strange Metrics Involved . Changes Have Long Been Needed

2 Color Is Part of Lighting . Source Performance ( Especially Regulations – LPW) Especially Lighting . User Acceptance of New Lamp Products Efficiency . Lighting Applications (Quality of Light) Regulations- . Price Because Light Source Color Impacts:

3 . DOE Which . Energy Star Lamps and Luminaires Regulations? . California (CEC) Title 20 & Title 24 Via the JA-8 Appendix

4 . (Correlated or CCT) What Color . Color Rendering Characteristics . Color Shift Over Life Are . Color Angular Uniformity (Directional Regulated? Light Sources)

5 Spectral Power Distributions

How Should These Spectral Characteristics Be Described?

6 Chromaticity

The CIE System of Based Upon The Trichromatic Nature of Human Vision  CIE (1931 with revisions in 1960, 1964 1976 and 1991)

7 Chromaticity

Of Common Light Sources

8 Chromaticity & Representations of Color Space

Hue Saturation Brightness

9 The Color Characteristics Of Light Sources

 Which Is The Most Important?

 What’s The Analysis Process?

10 Chromaticity

Energy Star Lamp Specification (V1.1) Effective 9/30/14

11 Chromaticity

Specification Tolerance Limits (1976 CIE u’ v’ Diagram) *

*jnd = Just Noticeable Difference 12 Chromaticity

Energy Star Lamp Specification (V1.1) - Change Over Time

13 Chromaticity

Energy Star Lamp Specification (V1.1) - Beam Angle Variation Limits

14 Color Rendering

“Another Fine Mess ….”*

*Movie title - Laurel and Hardy 1930 15 CHROMATICITY COLOR RENDERING

Think of it this The overall color The appearance of way … impression or tone when you look (tint) that you see at people and things when you look at the light source

16 Light & Color & Seeing Measureable & Not So Measureable

17 (Ra)

“Color Fidelity” A calculated value that compares the rendering of a set of 8 or 14 color samples under a test (ideal) light source compared to a reference light source of the same chromaticity Based upon CIE W*U*V* uniform color space(1964) 18 CRI Issues – Energy Star Requirements

Energy Star Lamps V1.1, Effective September 1, 2014

19  Based upon a limited set of color samples  Unreliable for LED light sources Color  Limited applicability Rendering  Now, not recommended for use “in energy Index regulations to characterize color attributes Issues: for solid state lighting ….” - IES (August, 2014)

20 Other Ways To Express Color Rendering Information:

21 Compliment To CRI: Gamut Area Index (GAI)

“GAI can help ensure both good color discrimination and satisfactory perceptions of object color “vividness” and “naturalness”. (Rea and Freyssinier-Nova, Lighting Research Center “Color Rendering: A Tale of Two Metrics” CR&A, 9/07.)

22 CRI Alternative & Improvement:

Color Quality Scale (CQS)

23 New (TM-30) “Color Fidelity” Metric = Rf

Average Color Gamut Area = Rg

Color Distortion/Color Saturation Icon 24 Comparing The Old Ra With The New Rf

Source: DOE LightFair 5/15

25 Comparing The Old Ra With The New Rf

26 . Current regulations generally include requirements for light source chromaticity and color rendering (CRI = Ra) . Such requirements do not ensure quality lighting . CRI/Ra is a flawed metric for LEDs and other SS light Summary: sources . Improved metrics exist, but have not yet been agreed upon and adopted via the standards process . From a lighting design standpoint, both chromaticity and color rendering metrics are starting points – indicators of what to expect; but they are not a substitute for the actual visual experience

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