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Vol. 262 Thursday, No. 5 13 December 2018 DÍOSPÓIREACHTAÍ PARLAIMINTE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES SEANAD ÉIREANN TUAIRISC OIFIGIÚIL—Neamhcheartaithe (OFFICIAL REPORT—Unrevised) Insert Date Here 13/12/2018A00100Centenary of 1918 General Election and Irish Women’s Right to Vote: Motion � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 370 13/12/2018D01400Expressions of Sympathy � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 378 13/12/2018D01700Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Bill 2018: Report and Final Stages � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 378 SEANAD ÉIREANN Déardaoin, 13 Nollaig 2018 Thursday, 13 December 2018 Chuaigh an Cathaoirleach i gceannas ar 10�30 a�m� Machnamh agus Paidir. Reflection and Prayer. 13/12/2018A00100Centenary of 1918 General Election and Irish Women’s Right to Vote: Motion 13/12/2018A00200An Cathaoirleach: Contributions to the debate on the motion will be confined to group spokespersons who may share time� 13/12/2018A00300Senator Ivana Bacik: I move: That Seanad Éireann, on the 100th anniversary of the 1918 General Election, which was the first election in which Irish women had the right to vote: salutes the struggle of the Irish suffrage movement which fought for many years for that right; notes the significance of: - the suffrage movement in Ireland, including the Dublin Women’s Suffrage As- sociation founded by Anna Haslam, and the Irishwomen’s Suffrage and Local Gov- ernment Association which had branches across the country; - the brave actions taken by the Irish Women’s Franchise League founded by Hanna Sheehy Skeffington and Margaret Cousins in 1908, who took direct action in their campaign to highlight votes for women; - the centenary of the election of Countess de Markievicz to Dáil Éireann, who was elected as the first woman Member of Parliament in Westminster; - the centenary also of Winifred Carney running for election in East Belfast; - the centenary in February of the Representation of the People Act 1918, which extended the vote to all men aged at least 21, and women aged 30 or older who were university graduates or owned a certain amount of property; - the centenary in November, of the Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 370 13 December 2018 1918, which enabled women to become MPs on the same terms as men; pays tribute to the work of the cross-party Vótáil 100 Committee which worked with the Oireachtas Communications Unit in organising a series of commemorative events this year in collaboration with cultural institutions and historians including: - an historical conference organised with the Royal Irish Academy; - an exhibition located in the Seanad ante-room curated in conjunction with the National Museum of Ireland, the National Library of Ireland and the Sheehy Skef- fington family; - a portrait by artist Noel Murphy of all current 53 women members of the Oireachtas unveiled on International Women’s Day and now hanging in Leinster House; - ‘Díospóireacht na nÓg’, hosted by Seanad Éireann with 16 Transition Year stu- dents from across the island speaking on the topic of women’s suffrage; - a photograph of all current and former women members of the Oireachtas to record the incremental growth in representation since the 90th anniversary of the 1918 election; - an exhibition in the National Gallery entitled ‘Markievicz: Portraits & Propa- ganda’ with a performance piece including members of the Oireachtas; and resolves in this centenary year: - to ensure that the legacy of the women of the suffrage movement is remem- bered; and - to continue to work towards the increased representation of women in the Oireachtas so that we can reach true parity in politics reflective of Irish society. 13/12/2018A00400Senator Gabrielle McFadden: I second the motion� 13/12/2018A00500Senator Ivana Bacik: I thank the Seanad Leader and colleagues for facilitating the mark- ing of this important anniversary� Tomorrow, 14 December 2018, marks the exact centenary of the 1918 general election in which women in Ireland first had the right to vote and in which Constance Markievicz was elected as the first woman Teachta Dála and MP. I am delighted to propose this motion as chairperson of the Vótáil 100 committee which was set up in the Oireachtas to mark that centenary and organise events noting the event� I thank those who have served with me on this all-party committee, including Senators McFadden, Conway-Walsh and Higgins, as well as Deputies Catherine Martin and O’Loughlin� I acknowledge the presence in the Gallery of Dr� Audrey Whitty and Ms Sandra Heise from the National Museum of Ireland, with whom we worked very closely in the past year� It has been a pleasure to work with them� I also acknowledge Jean and Tara Spain who are here because they have donated to the National Museum of Ireland one of only two examples found of an original Irish Women’s Franchise League badge� It belonged to their family and was passed down through the years and it is now in the possession of the museum� It is only the second one to be in its possession� One of our actions in the year has been the reproduction of the Irish Women’s Franchise League 371 Seanad Éireann badges� They have been very successful and it has been a pleasure to wear the badges and re- member this important centenary� As we mark Vótáil 100 and the centenary of women’s suffrage with our series of events, including a Díospóireacht na nÓg organised by Ms Ursula Quill and a range of other activities, we have also been highlighting the continued low representation of women in public life and the need to ensure we have more women in politics in future� It will be the enduring legacy of the Vótáil 100 programme and the message we want to send as we reach the end of this signifi- cant year� I thank colleagues for their support of the motion and note it states the Seanad: resolves in this centenary year: - to ensure that the legacy of the women of the suffrage movement is remembered; and - to continue to work towards the increased representation of women in the Oireach- tas so that we can reach true parity in politics reflective of Irish society. 13/12/2018A00600Senator Gabrielle McFadden: Ireland was changed fundamentally on 14 December 1918 and it has seen many transformations in the 100 years since that day. One of the significant changes on the day was that women were allowed to vote for the first time and the other was that a woman was elected for the first time. What would those who fought for female suffrage think of present-day Ireland? I think they would be pleased about some aspects and not so much with others. They would see a very different country. The role of women has changed in that 100 years and there have been huge improvements of the involvement of women in law, medicine, education and commerce and many other areas that used to be male dominated� The report from the World Economic Forum shows that there is parity between the genders in Ireland in areas of educational attainment� The health and survival index shows that only a small gap remains to be made up by women� When we look at the economic participation and opportunity index, however, a more significant gap is apparent and we rank 65th in the world. While the participation of women in politics is improving, as Senator Bacik has said, there is still quite a bit of ground to make up� In the 2016 general election, 123 men were elected� In the full 100 years since women gained the right to stand for election, there have only ever been 114 women Deputies� However, the biggest problem that faced women in 1918 remains their biggest problem to- day, namely, that one in four women will experience physical or sexual violence from a partner and one in three experiences severe psychological abuse� Domestic sexual and gender-based violence are crimes that occur in all social classes among people of every background, from all ethnic groups and cultures, and are violations of human rights� They are crimes perpetrated on women because they are women and have their foundations in gender inequality� If the suf- fragettes were here today with us, they would be at the forefront of the campaign for gender equality� They would be arguing loudly that we as a society should see gender equality not as a gift to be bestowed on women by men but as a fundamental human right� This paradigm shift would be the finest tribute of all to those brave pioneers and Ireland where these values were at the heart of all our actions would be the truest demonstration that their campaign was a success� 13/12/2018B00200Senator Terry Leyden: It is a great privilege to be in this House on the centenary of the 372 13 December 2018 1918 election� It was rightly a seismic event� After seven years without a general election, the changes which had taken place in Irish society were laid bare in one important event which shook the foundations� In remembering the 1918 election the single greatest theme which emerges is democrati- sation across a host of areas in the participation of women, both within the electorate and as candidates and the participation of young working-class men� In early 1918 the Representa- tion of the People Act had granted the right to vote to women aged over 30 years, which was discriminatory, who met a certain property requirement, and all men aged over 21 years� They were not even generous enough to give the vote to women on the same terms as men� This saw Ireland’s electorate grow from 700,000 to more than 1�9 million� These newly franchised groups spoke out against the militarism and conscription which threatened to absorb even more of the youth of Ireland� They spoke out in democratic acceptance of the need for the establishment of the first Dáil and independence.