DOCSLIB.ORG

Native American Sacred Sites and the Department of Defense

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Native American Sacred Sites and the Department of Defense Item Type Report Authors Deloria Jr., Vine; Stoffle, Richard W. Publisher Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona Download date 29/09/2021 10:04:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/272997 NATIVE AMERICAN SACRED SITES AND THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Edited by Vine Deloria, Jr. The University of Colorado and Richard W. Stoffle The University of Arizona® Submitted to United States Department of Defense Washington, D. C. June 1998 DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Department of the Interior, or any other Federal or state agency, or any Tribal government. Cover Photo: Fajada Butte, Chaco Culture National Historic Park, New Mexico NATIVE AMERICAN SACRED SITES AND THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Edited by Vine Deloria, Jr. The University of Colorado and Richard W. Stoffle The University of Arizona® Report Sponsored by The Legacy Resource Management Program United States Department of Defense Washington, D. C. with the assistance of Archeology and Ethnography Program United States National Park Service Washington, D. C. June 1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables vii List of Figures ix List of Appendices x Acknowledgments xii Foreward xiv CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 Scope of This Report 1 Overview of Native American Issues 3 History and Background of the Legacy Resources Management Program 4 Legal Basis for Interactions Regarding Cultural Resources 7 National Environmental Policy Act 8 National Historic Preservation Act 8 Archaeological Resources Protection Act 11 American Indian Religious Freedom Act 12 Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act 13 Executive Actions after NAGPRA 14 Service and Installation Specific Regulations 15 Tribal Recognition Status 15 Legal Summary 17 Organization of Report 17 Summary of Major Findings 17 CHAPTER TWO SACREDNESS AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS 19 Religious Contexts 20 The Mysterious Presence 20 Manifestations of the Mysterious Presence 21 Understanding the Nature of Symbolism 21 Ritual Activity 22 Kinds of Ritual Activities 23 Healing 24 Thanksgiving 24 Vision Quests 24 Condolence 25 Rituals and Sacred Places 26 Sacred Objects 26 Summary 28 i CHAPTER THREE KINDS OF SACRED SITES 29 Selection of Sacred Sites 29 Burials and Ruins 29 Mourning and Condolence Ceremonies 30 Linkage 30 TYPE A: Creation Story Locations and Boundaries 35 TYPE B: Sacred Portals Recounting Star Migrations 36 TYPE C: Universal Center Locations 36 TYPE D: Historical Migration Destiny Locations 37 TYPE E: Places of Prehistoric Revelations 38 TYPE F: Traditional Vision Quest Sites 38 TYPE G: Plant- Animal Relationship Locations 39 TYPE H: Mourning and Condolence Sites 40 TYPE I: Historical Past Occupancy Sites 41 TYPE J: Spirit Sites 41 TYPE K: Recent Historical Event Locations 42 TYPE L: Plant, Animal and Mineral Gathering Sites 43 TYPE M: Sanctified Ground 44 Summary 45 CHAPTER FOUR SACRED SITES AND MILITARY LANDS /ACTIVITIES 46 Sacred Site Locations By State 46 Arizona 47 Apache 47 Havasupai and Walapai 49 Hopi 49 Mohave and Chemehuevi 50 Navajo 50 Pima and Maricopa 51 Tohono O'odham Peoples 52 Yuma and Cocopa 52 Arkansas 53 California 53 Colorado 56 Hawaii 57 Idaho 58 Bannock 59 Northern Paiute 60 Shoshone 60 Ute 62 ii Iowa 62 Kansas 63 Kiowa 63 Pawnee 64 Louisiana 64 Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska 65 Missouri 66 Montana 67 Nevada 68 Paiute 68 Shoshone 70 New Mexico 71 Apache 74 Comanche 75 Navajo 77, Pueblo 78 Oklahoma 79 Oregon 80 Texas 81 Utah 82 Washington 83 Wyoming 84 Summary 85 CHAPTER FIVE A CONSULTATION MODEL 87 Defining Consultation 88 General Consultation 89 Specific Consultation 90 Establishing Cultural Affiliation 91 Traditional Period Affiliation 92 Aboriginal Period Affiliation 92 Treaty- Tribes 93 Land -Claims Tribes 93 Historic Period Affiliation 94 Contacting the Tribes 95 Having An Orientation Meeting 96 Forming A Consultation Committee 97 Chaco Mini -Case 98 Committee Rules 99 American Indian Information Base 100 Nevada Test Site Mini -Case 102 DOE /NV and Indian Consultation 102 iii The Consolidated Group 103 American Indian Monitors 104 The NAGPRA Subgroup 104 Conducting Site Visits 104 Forming A Study Design 105 Defining Basic Concepts 106 Assuring Participation 106 Presenting the Findings 107 Developing Native Mitigation Recommendations 108 Maintaining Ongoing Interactions and Monitoring 109 Mutual Trust 109 A Common Knowledge Base 110 Cultural Resource Management Plan 110 Monitoring Plan 111 Terminating Consultation 111 Making Analogs 111 Keeping Relations 112 CHAPTER SIX NATIONAL PICTURE: DOD INTERACTIONS WITH NATIVE AMERICAN GROUPS 113 Sources of Data 113 Three National Mail Surveys 114 Advisory Council for Historic Preservation -Cultural Resource Management Survey (ACHP Survey) 1991 114 Legacy National Survey of Cultural and Natural Resource Programs (Legacy Survey) 1992 115 U.S. Air Force Natural and Cultural Resource Management Survey (USAF Survey) 1992 116 Two Phone Surveys 116 Legacy Study of American Indian Access to Department of Defense Facilities (Access Survey) 1992 -1993 116 Legacy Sacred Site Protection Strategies Project (Follow -Up Survey) 1993 -1994 117 Methodology 117 UofA Master List of DoD Installations (UofA Master List) 118 List of DoD Installations for which CRM Data was Collected (CRM List) 119 University of Arizona Database (UofA Database) 119 Master Data Files 120 Spreadsheet Data 120 Overall Patterns of Interactions 120 Definition of Variables 120 Branch of Service 120 iv Size of Installation 121 Region 121 Level of Interaction 121 Type of Cultural Resource 121 Basis of Interactions 122 Other Interaction Issues 122 Interactions by Branch of Service 122 Interactions by Region of Installations 124 Interactions by Size of Installations 126 Installations with Interactions 128 Levels of Interaction 130 By Branch 132 By Size 133 By Region 134 Type of Cultural Resource 136 Basis of Interactions 140 Cultural Resource Issues 140 Other Issues 146 Additional Concerns 147 Native American Involvement in the BRAC Process 147 Project Specific Concerns 148 NAGPRA Concerns 149 Summary of Analysis 149 CHAPTER SEVEN CASE STUDY OF EXEMPLARY CULTURAL RESOURCE PROGRAM: FORT HOOD, TEXAS 151 History 152 Native Americans 152 Fort Hood 155 Present Relationship 155 Focus of Native American Concerns at Fort Hood 155 Origin of the Relationship 156 Establishment of the Reburial Cemetery 157 Maintenance and Use of the Site 158 Further Interactions 160 Elements of a Successful Relationship 161 Determining Cultural Affiliation 161 Contacting the Tribes 162 Orientation Meeting and Site Visit 162 Forming Native American Consultation Committee and Procedures 163 Further Site Visits and Inventory of Cultural Resources 163 Mitigation Recommendations 163 v Monitoring and Ongoing Interactions 164 American Indian Efforts 165 DoD Personnel Efforts 166 Barriers and Efforts to Overcome Them 167 Time 167 Recognition of Good Efforts and Programs 167 Need for Resources 168 Conclusion 168 CHAPTER EIGHT THE CONSULTATION PROCESS IN THE DOD 171 Cultural Affiliation 175 Contacting the Tribes 178 Method of Contact 178 Mail 178 Phone 179 In Person 180 Method of Contact Summary 180 Use of Liaisons 181 Orientation Meeting and Site Visit 182 Tribal Consultation Committee 183 Site Visits and Inventory of Cultural Resources 184 Mitigation Recommendations and Formal Policies 186 Cultural and Natural Resource Policies 186 Evolution of the Policies 187 Content of the Policies 187 Human Remains and Reburials 188 The Evolution of Reburial Policies 189 Content of Native American Human Reburial Policies 190 Application of the Policies 194 Monitoring and Ongoing Interactions 195 Installation Closure and Termination of the Relationship 196 Summary 200 Resources 200 Changes in Personnel 201 Include Individuals with the Experience and Attitudes Necessary for Making the Relationship Succeed 201 Responsibility to More Than One Individual 202 Respect the Significance of the Individuals 202 Minimize Changes, Create Buffers for Higher Level Reorganization 203 Relationship to Other Cultural Resource Management Efforts 203 References Cited 204 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1. Selected Legacy Program Cultural Resources Studies 7 Table 1.2. Legislation and Executive Orders Regarding Native American Cultural Resources 9 Table 6.1 Number of Respondents and Number with Native American Interactions for each Survey 114 Table 6.2 Number of Installations with CRM Data by Branch of Service 119 Table 6.3 Number and Percent of Installations that have Interactions with Native Americans Regarding Cultural Resources 124 Table 6.4 Installations by Region 124 Table 6.5a Number of Installations on CRM List by Branch of Service and Region . 125 Table 6.5b Number of Installations on Interaction List by Branch of Service and Region 125 Table 6.6 Installations by Size 126 Table 6.7 Average Size of Installations (in acres) 126 Table 6.8 Median Size of Installations (in acres) 127 Table 6.9a Number of Installations on the CRM List by Branch of Service & Size Category 127 Table 6.9b Number of Installations on the Interaction List by Branch of Service & Size Category 128 Table 6.10 Installations on the Interaction List by Branch of Service 130 Table 6.11 Installations on the Interaction List by Presence of Formal Policies and Frequency of Interactions 131 Table 6.12 Installations on the Interaction List by Frequency of Interactions and
Recommended publications
  • The Lower Gila Region, Arizona

    The Lower Gila Region, Arizona

    DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUBERT WORK, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Water-Supply Paper 498 THE LOWER GILA REGION, ARIZONA A GEOGBAPHIC, GEOLOGIC, AND HTDBOLOGIC BECONNAISSANCE WITH A GUIDE TO DESEET WATEEING PIACES BY CLYDE P. ROSS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1923 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAT BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 50 CENTS PEE COPY PURCHASER AGREES NOT TO RESELL OR DISTRIBUTE THIS COPT FOR PROFIT. PUB. RES. 57, APPROVED MAT 11, 1822 CONTENTS. I Page. Preface, by O. E. Melnzer_____________ __ xr Introduction_ _ ___ __ _ 1 Location and extent of the region_____._________ _ J. Scope of the report- 1 Plan _________________________________ 1 General chapters _ __ ___ _ '. , 1 ' Route'descriptions and logs ___ __ _ 2 Chapter on watering places _ , 3 Maps_____________,_______,_______._____ 3 Acknowledgments ______________'- __________,______ 4 General features of the region___ _ ______ _ ., _ _ 4 Climate__,_______________________________ 4 History _____'_____________________________,_ 7 Industrial development___ ____ _ _ _ __ _ 12 Mining __________________________________ 12 Agriculture__-_______'.____________________ 13 Stock raising __ 15 Flora _____________________________________ 15 Fauna _________________________ ,_________ 16 Topography . _ ___ _, 17 Geology_____________ _ _ '. ___ 19 Bock formations. _ _ '. __ '_ ----,----- 20 Basal complex___________, _____ 1 L __. 20 Tertiary lavas ___________________ _____ 21 Tertiary sedimentary formations___T_____1___,r 23 Quaternary sedimentary formations _'__ _ r- 24 > Quaternary basalt ______________._________ 27 Structure _______________________ ______ 27 Geologic history _____ _____________ _ _____ 28 Early pre-Cambrian time______________________ .
  • SEAC Bulletin 58.Pdf

    SEAC Bulletin 58.Pdf

    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 72ND ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 18-21, 2015 NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE BULLETIN 58 SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE BULLETIN 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 72ND ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 18-21, 2015 DOUBLETREE BY HILTON DOWNTOWN NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE Organized by: Kevin E. Smith, Aaron Deter-Wolf, Phillip Hodge, Shannon Hodge, Sarah Levithol, Michael C. Moore, and Tanya M. Peres Hosted by: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University Division of Archaeology, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Office of Social and Cultural Resources, Tennessee Department of Transportation iii Cover: Sellars Mississippian Ancestral Pair. Left: McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture; Right: John C. Waggoner, Jr. Photographs by David H. Dye Printing of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 58 – 2015 Funded by Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Authorization No. 327420, 750 copies. This public document was promulgated at a cost of $4.08 per copy. October 2015. Pursuant to the State of Tennessee’s Policy of non-discrimination, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, religion, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies, or in the admission or access to, or treatment or employment in its programs, services or activities. Equal Employment Opportunity/Affirmative Action inquiries or complaints should be directed to the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, EEO/AA Coordinator, Office of General Counsel, 312 Rosa L. Parks Avenue, 2nd floor, William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower, Nashville, TN 37243, 1-888-867-7455. ADA inquiries or complaints should be directed to the ADA Coordinator, Human Resources Division, 312 Rosa L.
  • 2004 Midwest Archaeological Conference Program

    2004 Midwest Archaeological Conference Program

    Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 47 2004 Program and Abstracts of the Fiftieth Midwest Archaeological Conference and the Sixty-First Southeastern Archaeological Conference October 20 – 23, 2004 St. Louis Marriott Pavilion Downtown St. Louis, Missouri Edited by Timothy E. Baumann, Lucretia S. Kelly, and John E. Kelly Hosted by Department of Anthropology, Washington University Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri-St. Louis Timothy E. Baumann, Program Chair John E. Kelly and Timothy E. Baumann, Co-Organizers ISSN-0584-410X Floor Plan of the Marriott Hotel First Floor Second Floor ii Preface WELCOME TO ST. LOUIS! This joint conference of the Midwest Archaeological Conference and the Southeastern Archaeological Conference marks the second time that these two prestigious organizations have joined together. The first was ten years ago in Lexington, Kentucky and from all accounts a tremendous success. Having the two groups meet in St. Louis is a first for both groups in the 50 years that the Midwest Conference has been in existence and the 61 years that the Southeastern Archaeological Conference has met since its inaugural meeting in 1938. St. Louis hosted the first Midwestern Conference on Archaeology sponsored by the National Research Council’s Committee on State Archaeological Survey 75 years ago. Parts of the conference were broadcast across the airwaves of KMOX radio, thus reaching a larger audience. Since then St. Louis has been host to two Society for American Archaeology conferences in 1976 and 1993 as well as the Society for Historical Archaeology’s conference in 2004. When we proposed this joint conference three years ago we felt it would serve to again bring people together throughout most of the mid-continent.
  • Morrone, Michele Directo

    Morrone, Michele Directo

    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 417 064 SE 061 114 AUTHOR Mourad, Teresa; Morrone, Michele TITLE Directory of Ohio Environmental Education Sites and Resources. INSTITUTION Environmental Education Council of Ohio, Akron. SPONS AGENCY Ohio State Environmental Protection Agency, Columbus. PUB DATE 1997-12-00 NOTE 145p. AVAILABLE FROM Environmental Education Council of Ohio, P.O. Box 2911, Akron, OH 44309-2911; or Ohio Environmental Education Fund, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1049, Columbus, OH 43216-1049. PUB TYPE Reference Materials Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Agencies; Conservation Education; Curriculum Enrichment; Ecology; Educational Resources; Elementary Secondary Education; *Environmental Education; *Experiential Learning; *Field Trips; Hands on Science; History Instruction; Learning Activities; Museums; Nature Centers; *Outdoor Education; Parks; Planetariums; Recreational Facilities; *Science Teaching Centers; Social Studies; Zoos IDENTIFIERS Gardens; Ohio ABSTRACT This publication is the result of a collaboration between the Environmental Education Council of Ohio (EECO) and the Office of Environmental Education at the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA). This directory of environmental education resources within the state of Ohio is intended to assist educators in finding information that can complement local curricula and programs. The directory is divided into three sections. Section I contains information on local environmental education sites and resources. These are grouped by EECO region, alphabetized by county, and further alphabetized by organization name. Resources range from arboretums to zoos. Section II lists resources available at a statewide level. These include state and federal government agencies, environmental education organizations and programs, and resource persons. Section III contains cross-referenced lists of Section I by organization name, audience, organization type, and programs and services to help educators identify local resources.
  • Traditional Knowledge of Fire Use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm T Springs in the Eastside Cascades of Oregon ⁎ Michelle M

    Traditional Knowledge of Fire Use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm T Springs in the Eastside Cascades of Oregon ⁎ Michelle M

    Forest Ecology and Management 450 (2019) 117405 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Traditional knowledge of fire use by the Confederated Tribes of Warm T Springs in the eastside Cascades of Oregon ⁎ Michelle M. Steen-Adamsa, , Susan Charnleya, Rebecca J. McLainb, Mark D.O. Adamsa, Kendra L. Wendela a USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 620 SW Main St., Suite 502, Portland, OR 97205, UnitedStates b Portland State University, Institute for Sustainable Solutions, 1600 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 110, Portland, OR 97201, United States ABSTRACT We examined traditional knowledge of fire use by the Ichishikin (Sahaptin), Kitsht Wasco (Wasco), and Numu (Northern Paiute) peoples (now Confederated Tribesof Warm Springs, CTWS) in the eastside Cascades of Oregon to generate insights for restoring conifer forest landscapes and enhancing culturally-valued resources. We examined qualitative and geospatial data derived from oral history interviews, participatory GIS focus groups, archival records, and historical forest surveys to characterize cultural fire regimes (CFRs) –an element of historical fire regimes– of moist mixed conifer (MMC), dry mixed conifer (DMC), and shrub-grassland (SG) zones. Our ethnohistorical evidence indicated a pronounced cultural fire regime in the MMC zone, but not in the two drier zones. The CFR of the MMCzonewas characterized by frequent (few-year recurrence), low-severity burns distributed in a shifting pattern. This regime helped to maintain forest openings created by previous ignitions, resulting from lightning or possibly human-set, that had burned large areas. The CFR was influenced by the CTWS traditional knowledge system, which consisted of four elements: fire use and associated resource tending practices, tribal ecological principles, the seasonal round (the migratory pattern tofulfill resource needs), and culture.
  • Northern Paiute and Western Shoshone Land Use in Northern Nevada: a Class I Ethnographic/Ethnohistoric Overview

    Northern Paiute and Western Shoshone Land Use in Northern Nevada: a Class I Ethnographic/Ethnohistoric Overview

    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management NEVADA NORTHERN PAIUTE AND WESTERN SHOSHONE LAND USE IN NORTHERN NEVADA: A CLASS I ETHNOGRAPHIC/ETHNOHISTORIC OVERVIEW Ginny Bengston CULTURAL RESOURCE SERIES NO. 12 2003 SWCA ENVIROHMENTAL CON..·S:.. .U LTt;NTS . iitew.a,e.El t:ti.r B'i!lt e.a:b ~f l-amd :Nf'arat:1.iern'.~nt N~:¥G~GI Sl$i~-'®'ffl'c~. P,rceP,GJ r.ei l l§y. SWGA.,,En:v,ir.e.m"me'Y-tfol I €on's.wlf.arats NORTHERN PAIUTE AND WESTERN SHOSHONE LAND USE IN NORTHERN NEVADA: A CLASS I ETHNOGRAPHIC/ETHNOHISTORIC OVERVIEW Submitted to BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Nevada State Office 1340 Financial Boulevard Reno, Nevada 89520-0008 Submitted by SWCA, INC. Environmental Consultants 5370 Kietzke Lane, Suite 205 Reno, Nevada 89511 (775) 826-1700 Prepared by Ginny Bengston SWCA Cultural Resources Report No. 02-551 December 16, 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ................................................................v List of Tables .................................................................v List of Appendixes ............................................................ vi CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................1 CHAPTER 2. ETHNOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW .....................................4 Northern Paiute ............................................................4 Habitation Patterns .......................................................8 Subsistence .............................................................9 Burial Practices ........................................................11
  • The Maricopa County Wildlife Connectivity Assessment: Report on Stakeholder Input January 2012

    The Maricopa County Wildlife Connectivity Assessment: Report on Stakeholder Input January 2012

    The Maricopa County Wildlife Connectivity Assessment: Report on Stakeholder Input January 2012 (Photographs: Arizona Game and Fish Department) Arizona Game and Fish Department In partnership with the Arizona Wildlife Linkages Workgroup TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................ i RECOMMENDED CITATION ........................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................................. ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ iii DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................................ iv BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................ 1 THE MARICOPA COUNTY WILDLIFE CONNECTIVITY ASSESSMENT ................................... 8 HOW TO USE THIS REPORT AND ASSOCIATED GIS DATA ................................................... 10 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 12 MASTER LIST OF WILDLIFE LINKAGES AND HABITAT BLOCKSAND BARRIERS ................ 16 REFERENCE MAPS .......................................................................................................................
  • American Indians in Texas: Conflict and Survival Phan American Indians in Texas Conflict and Survival

    American Indians in Texas: Conflict and Survival Phan American Indians in Texas Conflict and Survival

    American Indians in Texas: Conflict and Survival Texas: American Indians in AMERICAN INDIANS IN TEXAS Conflict and Survival Phan Sandy Phan AMERICAN INDIANS IN TEXAS Conflict and Survival Sandy Phan Consultant Devia Cearlock K–12 Social Studies Specialist Amarillo Independent School District Table of Contents Publishing Credits Dona Herweck Rice, Editor-in-Chief Lee Aucoin, Creative Director American Indians in Texas ........................................... 4–5 Marcus McArthur, Ph.D., Associate Education Editor Neri Garcia, Senior Designer Stephanie Reid, Photo Editor The First People in Texas ............................................6–11 Rachelle Cracchiolo, M.S.Ed., Publisher Contact with Europeans ...........................................12–15 Image Credits Westward Expansion ................................................16–19 Cover LOC[LC–USZ62–98166] & The Granger Collection; p.1 Library of Congress; pp.2–3, 4, 5 Northwind Picture Archives; p.6 Getty Images; p.7 (top) Thinkstock; p.7 (bottom) Alamy; p.8 Photo Removal and Resistance ...........................................20–23 Researchers Inc.; p.9 (top) National Geographic Stock; p.9 (bottom) The Granger Collection; p.11 (top left) Bob Daemmrich/PhotoEdit Inc.; p.11 (top right) Calhoun County Museum; pp.12–13 The Granger Breaking Up Tribal Land ..........................................24–25 Collection; p.13 (sidebar) Library of Congress; p.14 akg-images/Newscom; p.15 Getty Images; p.16 Bridgeman Art Library; p.17 Library of Congress, (sidebar) Associated Press; p.18 Bridgeman Art Library; American Indians in Texas Today .............................26–29 p.19 The Granger Collection; p.19 (sidebar) Bridgeman Art Library; p.20 Library of Congress; p.21 Getty Images; p.22 Northwind Picture Archives; p.23 LOC [LC-USZ62–98166]; p.23 (sidebar) Nativestock Pictures; Glossary........................................................................
  • The Caddo After Europeans

    The Caddo After Europeans

    Volume 2016 Article 91 2016 Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans Timothy K. Perttula Heritage Research Center, Stephen F. Austin State University, [email protected] Robert Cast Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Perttula, Timothy K. and Cast, Robert (2016) "Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2016, Article 91. https://doi.org/10.21112/.ita.2016.1.91 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2016/iss1/91 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2016/iss1/91
  • 7-American Indians

    7-American Indians

    AMERICAN INDIANS An interactive journey back in time, our AMERICAN INDIANS course exposes students to the American Indian culture by hands-on learning and examination through the eyes of the early explorers. During the class, students will: • “Join” Rene-Robert Cavelier Sieur de La Salle as the first European explorers to enter East Texas. • “Meet” woodland and plains Indians and learn how they lived before the influence of European culture. • Compare and contrast the structure of a tipi and a wigwam. • Taste samples of foods eaten by many American Indian tribes. • Learn to hunt with a bow and arrow. • Hold tools crafted with bone, stone, and sinew. • Make a bead bracelet and learn how paints were developed and used. • Experience a Pow Wow and receive an individual tribal name. • Observe a native winter count and learn how to create their own. American Indians LS LaSalle VL Villiage Life TEKS Blueprint WT Weapons Tools Readiness TEKS Student Expectation LS VL WT Supporting Identify American Indian groups in Texas and North America before European exploration such as the Readiness 4.1 B Lipan Apache, Karankawa, Caddo, and Jumano. Describe the regions in which American Indians lived and identify American Indian groups remaining in Supporting 4.1 C Texas such as the Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, Alabama-Coushatta, and Kickapoo. Compare the ways of life of American Indian groups in Texas and North America before European Supporting 4.1 D exploration. Summarize motivations for European exploration and settlement of Texas, including economic opportunity, Readiness 4.2 A competition, and the desire for expansion.
  • 2019 Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo Year End Report

    2019 Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo Year End Report

    YSLETA DEL SUR PUEBLO 2019 YEAR-END REPORT YSLETA DEL SUR PUEBLO 2019 YEAR-END REPORT The 2019 Year-End Report highlights eight traditional recipes, each steeped in Tigua culture and history. The featured dishes range from albondigas to verdolagas and classic tigua bread—many of which are not only served in tribal homes, but also prepared for the St. Anthony’s Feast. All of the recipes hold agricultural and historical ties to Pueblo lands and people. Tigua harvests and indigenous crops, such as corn, beans, squash, chilies, and tomatoes, determined what was prepared and consumed on the Pueblo. Tigua planting cycles followed the phases of the moon. A new field, for example, would be planted four days before the new moon on the third month (i.e., March) of the new year. All of the featured recipes were contributed and prepared by Tribal members. Thank you to all those who made this project possible. THE RECIPES 2019 YEAR-END REPORT ALBONDIGAS 6 Published by Ysleta del Sur Pueblo BISCOCHOS 16 119 S. Old Pueblo Rd. Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, TX 79907 CALABASAS 26 915.859.7913 www.ysletadelsurpueblo.org CHILE COLORADO 34 RED CHILE & PEA SOUP 52 The Year-End Report is compiled under the direction of Tribal Operations. Electronic copies of the report are SOPA DE PAN 58 available on the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo website (http://www.ysletadelsurpueblo.org/) under the TIGUA BREAD 64 Tribal Council section. VERDOLAGAS 76 Printed and assembled in El Paso, Texas by Tovar Printing May 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS LETTER FROM THE GOVERNOR 4 PUBLIC SAFETY 54 Tribal
  • EVANS-DISSERTATION.Pdf (2.556Mb)

    EVANS-DISSERTATION.Pdf (2.556Mb)

    Copyright by Katherine Liesl Young Evans 2010 The Dissertation Committee for Katherine Liesl Young Evans certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Staged Encounters: Native American Performance between 1880 and 1920 Committee: James H. Cox, Supervisor John M. González Lisa L. Moore Gretchen Murphy Deborah Paredez Staged Encounters: Native American Performance between 1880 and 1920 by Katherine Liesl Young Evans, B.A., M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August, 2010 Acknowledgements For someone so concerned with embodiment and movement, I have spent an awful lot of the last seven years planted in a chair reading books. Those books, piled on my desk, floor, and bedside table, have variously angered, inspired, and enlightened me as I worked my way through this project, but I am grateful for their company and conversation. Luckily, I had a number of generous professors who kept funneling these books my way and enthusiastically discussed them with me, not least of which were the members of my dissertation committee. James Cox, my director, offered unflagging enthusiasm and guidance and asked just the right questions to push me into new areas of inquiry. Lisa Moore, Gretchen Murphy, John González, and Deborah Paredez lit the way towards this project through engaging seminars, lengthy reading lists, challenging comments on drafts, and crucial support in the final stages. Other members of the English department faculty made a substantial impact on my development as a teacher and scholar.