Beyond Secularization and Post-Secularity—Joseph Ratzinger’S and Józef Tischner’S Concept of a Breakthrough
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Locating Religion and Secularity in East Asia Through Global Processes: Early Modern Jesuit Religious Encounters
religions Article Locating Religion and Secularity in East Asia Through Global Processes: Early Modern Jesuit Religious Encounters Jose Casanova Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, Georgetown University, 3007 M St, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20007, USA; [email protected] Received: 25 September 2018; Accepted: 23 October 2018; Published: 7 November 2018 Abstract: The central premise of this paper is that in order to understand the social construction of religion and secularity in East Asia today we need to take a long durée historical approach, which takes into account the colonial encounters between the Christian West and East Asia during three different and distinct phases of globalization. While most of the recent scholarly work on the globalization of the categories of religion and secularity focuses on the second Western hegemonic phase of globalization, this essay focuses on the early modern phase of globalization before Western hegemony. Keywords: globalization; East Asia; Western hegemony; Jesuits; religion; religiosity; secularity The central premise of this paper is that in order to understand the social construction of religion and secularity in East Asia today we need to take a long durée historical approach, which takes into account the colonial encounters between the Christian West and East Asia during three different and distinct phases of globalization.1 The first phase of globalization, before Western hegemony, which in East Asia lasted from the mid-sixteenth-century to the late eighteenth-century, was shaped primarily by the encounters between the Jesuits and other Catholic religious orders and the religions and cultures of East Asia. Although the categories of religion and secularity had not yet acquired a stable and identifiable form during this early modern phase, those early modern colonial encounters, which are the main focus of this paper, played a significant role in the emergence of the categories in the West in the transition from the first to the second phase of globalization. -
Religion–State Relations
Religion–State Relations International IDEA Constitution-Building Primer 8 Religion–State Relations International IDEA Constitution-Building Primer 8 Dawood Ahmed © 2017 International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) Second edition First published in 2014 by International IDEA International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Attribute-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it, provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information on this licence visit the Creative Commons website: <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/> International IDEA Strömsborg SE–103 34 Stockholm Sweden Telephone: +46 8 698 37 00 Email: [email protected] Website: <http://www.idea.int> Cover design: International IDEA Cover illustration: © 123RF, <http://www.123rf.com> Produced using Booktype: <https://booktype.pro> ISBN: 978-91-7671-113-2 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 3 Advantages and risks ............................................................................................... -
Religion in China BKGA 85 Religion Inchina and Bernhard Scheid Edited by Max Deeg Major Concepts and Minority Positions MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.)
Religions of foreign origin have shaped Chinese cultural history much stronger than generally assumed and continue to have impact on Chinese society in varying regional degrees. The essays collected in the present volume put a special emphasis on these “foreign” and less familiar aspects of Chinese religion. Apart from an introductory article on Daoism (the BKGA 85 BKGA Religion in China prototypical autochthonous religion of China), the volume reflects China’s encounter with religions of the so-called Western Regions, starting from the adoption of Indian Buddhism to early settlements of religious minorities from the Near East (Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and the early modern debates between Confucians and Christian missionaries. Contemporary Major Concepts and religious minorities, their specific social problems, and their regional diversities are discussed in the cases of Abrahamitic traditions in China. The volume therefore contributes to our understanding of most recent and Minority Positions potentially violent religio-political phenomena such as, for instance, Islamist movements in the People’s Republic of China. Religion in China Religion ∙ Max DEEG is Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Cardiff. His research interests include in particular Buddhist narratives and their roles for the construction of identity in premodern Buddhist communities. Bernhard SCHEID is a senior research fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on the history of Japanese religions and the interaction of Buddhism with local religions, in particular with Japanese Shintō. Max Deeg, Bernhard Scheid (eds.) Deeg, Max Bernhard ISBN 978-3-7001-7759-3 Edited by Max Deeg and Bernhard Scheid Printed and bound in the EU SBph 862 MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.) RELIGION IN CHINA: MAJOR CONCEPTS AND MINORITY POSITIONS ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE SITZUNGSBERICHTE, 862. -
Explaining Global Secularity: Existential Security Or Education?
Explaining Global Secularity: Existential Security or Education? Claude M. J. Braun1 Université du Québec à Montréal ABSTRACT: At the time of data analysis for this report there were 193 countries in the world. Various institutions – the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the CIA, the World Values Survey, Gallup, and many others – have performed sophisticated statistical analyses on cross-national data. The present investigation demonstrates that valid and reliable data concerning religiosity and secularity exist for most countries and that these data are comparable. Cross-national data relating to social, political, economic and cultural aspects of life were tested for correlation with religiosity/secularity. In contrast to the most widely accepted general account of secularity, the Existential Security Framework (ESF; Norris & Inglehart, 2004), secularity was not most highly related to material security, though these were highly related. Rather, secularity was most strongly related to the degree of formal education attained. Material security explained no significant variance beyond education. Thus, religion’s primary function in the world today is being replaced, not so much by the pseudo-materialistic supplication for better living conditions as posited by the ESF, but by contemporary education – extensive knowledge of contemporary cultures, philosophy, modes of thought or processes of reasoning. KEYWORDS: RELIGIOSITY, SECULARITY, MODERNITY, CROSS-NATIONAL, EDUCATION, EXISTENTIAL SECURITY 1 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: Claude M. J. Braun, Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, C.P. 8888 succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal (Québec), H3C 3P8, Canada, email: [email protected]. Secularism and Nonreligion, 1, 68-93 (2012). © Claude M. J. -
HUMAN DIGNITY Discourses on Universality and Inalienability
HUMAN DIGNITY Discourses on Universality and Inalienability One World Theology (Volume 8) HUMAN DIGNITY Discourses on Universality and Inalienability 8 Edited by Klaus Krämer and Klaus Vellguth CLARETIAN COMMUNICATIONS FOUNDATION, INC. HUMAN DIGNITY Discourses on Universality and Inalienability Contents (One World Theology, Volume 8) Copyright © 2017 by Verlag Herder GmbH, Freiburg im Breisgau Published by Claretian Communications Foundation, Inc. U.P. P.O. Box 4, Diliman 1101 Quezon City, Philippines Preface ......................................................................................... ix Tel.: (02) 921-3984 • Fax: (02) 921-6205 [email protected] www.claretianpublications.ph Anthropological Remarks on Human Dignity Claretian Communications Foundation, Inc. (CCFI) is a pastoral endeavor of the Human Dignity in the Light of Anthropology ....................... 3 Claretian Missionaries in the Philippines that brings the Word of God to people from all and the History of Ideas walks of life. It aims to promote integral evangelization and renewed spirituality that is geared towards empowerment and total liberation in response to the needs and challenges Josef Schuster of the Church today. Reaffirming the Theology of Human Dignity in Africa .......... 17 CCFI is a member of Claret Publishing Group, a consortium of the publishing houses of the Claretian Missionaries all over the world: Bangalore, Barcelona, Buenos Aires, Chennai, Critical challenges and salient hopes in Tanzania Colombo, Dar es Salaam, Lagos, Macau, Madrid, Manila, Owerry, São Paolo, Varsaw and Aidan G. Msafiri Yaoundè. Anthropological Annotations on Human Dignity from an Asian Perspective ............................................................... 27 Francis-Vincent Anthony Discussion Forum as the Survival Strategy ........................ 37 of a Kaqchikel Community in Guatemala Andreas Koechert Roots of Human Dignity in the Specific Context An Historical Perspective on Violations of Dignity ............. -
Als Die Kirche Weltkirche Wurde
Rahner Lecture 2018 Rahner Lecture 2018 Johannes Herzgsell SJ Karl Rahners Theologie der Freiheit Johannes Herzgsell SJ Karl Rahners Theologie der Freiheit Rahner Lecture 2018 Veröffentlichung des Karl Rahner-Archivs München In Verbindung mit der Hochschule für Philosophie, München im Verlag der Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg i.Br. Herausgegeben von Harald Schöndorf SJ und Albert Raffelt Karl Rahners Theologie der Freiheit von Johannes Herzgsell SJ München – Freiburg i.Br. 2018 Elektronisches Original unter: <DOI 10.6094/978-3-928969-73-4> © Freiburg im Breisgau : Universitätsbibliothek 2018 © Umschlagsfoto: Verlag Herder, Freiburg i.Br. © Foto S 8: Nachlaß Kardinal Lehmann; S. 54: Dr. Barbara Nichtweiß, Mainz 2018; sonstige Fotos: A. Raffelt; für die abgebildeten Buchumschläge: die Verlage. ISSN 1868-839X ISBN 978-3-928969-73-4 Inhalt Die Herausgeber Vorwort .................................................................................................................... 7 Harald Schöndorf SJ Einführung ............................................................................................................... 9 Reinhard Kardinal Marx Grußwort ............................................................................................................... 12 Martin Stark SJ Grußwort des Provinzials der Deutschen Provinz der Jesuiten ............................. 16 Philip Endean SJ Grußwort ............................................................................................................... 18 Johannes Wallacher Grußwort -
WHAT IS CHRISTIAN SECULARITY ? the First Thing to Be Said About This Paper Is That It Does Not Propose to Answer the Question Placed in Its Title
WHAT IS CHRISTIAN SECULARITY ? The first thing to be said about this paper is that it does not propose to answer the question placed in its title. It will seek in- stead to formulate, and to explore somewhat, a series of other ques- tions which must be asked before we can say not only what Christian secularity is but what the question about Christian secularity means. There are at least four such preliminary questions which may be asked: First: how is the contemporary issue of Christian secularity related, historically and systematically, to other cognate issues? Secondly: how may the pair, "secular-sacred" be related to other similar pairs? Thirdly: what are some possible working notions of such key terms as secular, sacred, secularism, secularization, secularity? Fourthly: may Christological terminology be fruitfully employed to categorize different positions or tendencies on the issue of Chris- tian secularity? Finally, while this paper does not offer any theory of Christian secularity, it will conclude with a few statements which could pos- sibly form part of such a theory.1 1 The following are some books and articles dealing with our theme: C. Armstrong, "Christianity Without Religion," New Theology No. 2, New York, 196S, pp. 17-27; A. Auer, "The Changing Character of the Christian Under- standing of the World," in: The Christian and the World: Readings in Theol- ogy, New York, 1965, pp. 3-44; idem, "Kirche und Welt," in Mysterium Kirche in der Sicht der theologischen Disziplinen (ed. F. Holböch & T. Sartory), Salzburg, 1962 vol. 2, pp. 479-S70; idem, art. "Säkularisierung," Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche 9, 253-254; J. -
Secularity As a Tool for Religious Indoctrination and Identity Formation: a Case of Semi-Urban Community in Nepal
Globe: A Journal of Language, Culture and Communication, 6: 80-93 (2018) Secularity as a tool for religious indoctrination and identity formation: a case of semi-urban community in Nepal Shurendra Ghimire, Tribhuvan University Abstract: This article presents the complexity of a secularization process that goes on in a state where Hinduism is culturally embedded and dominant. The term ‘secular’ is meant to indicate the state’s ‘dis-involvemet’ in religious issues. However, Nepal faces a complex and ambivalent process of secularization. On the one hand, the state itself has encouraged diverse cultural communities to bring religious schools into practice. On the other, people of diverse communities are increasingly motivated to seek their identities via religious practices. Amid this confrontation, this ethnographic study, conducted in a single territory with diverse religious communities, organizations and schools, challenges the very dis-involvement of the state, community and individual in religious matters. In the process of practicing religious rights and constructing religious identities, religious communities have come into a competition for public support and resources. This competition not only divides the communities into indigenous versus non-indigenous forms but also compels the indigenous religions to go into redefinition and revival in order to resist the non-indigenous religions. Keywords: Secularity, religious indoctrination, religious identity, Nepal. 1. Introduction From pre-historic time Hinduism has been the dominant religion in Nepal. Hindu texts suggest that a state is impossible without a king, and therefore Hinduism not only became royal religion but also got protection from the state and thus achieved a dominant position. Under the dominance of Hinduism as the state religion, practicing non-indigenous religion was almost impossible because practicing non-traditional religion was considered religious conversion and was later banned. -
Elochukwu Uzukwu Cssp. Professor, Department of Theology, Duquesne University Former Holder
Elochukwu Uzukwu C.S.Sp. Professor, Department of Theology, Duquesne University Former Holder (2011-2016), Father Pierre Schouver C.S.Sp. Endowed Chair in Mission 600 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15282 Tel. 412.396.2077 E-mail: [email protected] 1. Education: 1976-79: University of St Michael’s College, Toronto School of Theology, University of Toronto (ThD - 1979). 1975-76: University of St Michael’s College, University of Toronto, Toronto School of Theology (MTh - 1976) 1969-72: Bigard Memorial Seminary Enugu, Nigeria – Affiliated to Urban University Rome (S.T.B. of Urban University Rome – 1972); 2. Scholarships and Fellowships: 2000-2001: Missio Aachen, Institute of Missiology – Grant to research topic on "African Christian Theology" (Research completed: God, Spirit and Human Wholeness) 2008: Fall Semester – Dept. of Mission Theology and Cultures, Milltown Institute – Grant to Research “Church Family of God”. 3. Previous Positions: 3.1. Academic- Full Time Teaching: 2009- Department of Theology, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 (Sacraments; Doctrine – God, Ecclesiology; African and African American Christologies; Global and Cultural Perspectives; Theological View of the Person; Foundations in Theology; African Religions) 2001-2009 Kimmage Mission Institute & Milltown Institute, Dublin, Ireland (Liturgy; Mission Theology; Contextual issues in theology – e.g. African and African American Christologies in dialogue with world Christianity; Church Family-of-God;) 1987-2001 Spiritan International School of Theology Enugu, Nigeria (Liturgy, Sacraments, Missiology; Contextual Theology); 1982-88: Bigard Memorial Seminary, Enugu, Nigeria (Liturgy, Sacraments, Missiology, Pastoral; Contextual Theology); 1979-82: Grand Séminaire Régional Brazzaville, Congo (Liturgy, Sacraments, Missiology, Pastoral) ; 1968-1969: Holy Ghost Juniorate Ihiala – Religious Studies and History. -
Secularity and Irreligion in Europe
Issue 38 – May 2021 EDITORIAL: An uncomfortable truth As Christian missiologists, we are convinced of the truth of the Christian gospel. Yet we are equally convinced that reaching Europe requires us to face up to an uncomfortable truth: Europe is still being secularised. Understanding the processes of secularisation is a vital part of discerning how Europe might be re- evangelised. One of the tools at our disposal are large- scale sociological surveys like the European Values Study. A pre-release of SECULARITY AND IRRELIGION IN EUROPE the 2017-2020 EVS dataset gives us the opportunity to provide what we think is the first missiological analysis of this data. Jim Memory My lead article revisits our previous attempt in 2010 to synthesise six Europe was the first continent to be Christianised and it was the first continent measures of belief and practice to provide to be de-Christianised. In today’s Europe, most public discourse pushes religious a global measure of secularity and thus matters to the margins or confines it entirely to the private sphere of personal identify where secularisation is taking beliefs. And at an individual level, increasing numbers of Europeans say they no place most rapidly at present. longer believe, no longer attend church, and no longer practice their faith in meaningful ways. Jo Appleton interviews Professor David Voas, an authority on both the EVS and This process of secularisation has been a subject of study and debate among secularisation in Europe who highlights sociologists for many years. Some considered it as the inevitable consequence some fascinating insights on the data. -
The Two Kingdoms and the Social Order: Political and Legal David Vandrunen Theory in Light of Robert B
Journal of Markets & Morality Volume 14, Number 2 (Fall 2011): 445–462 Copyright © 2011 The Two Kingdoms and the Social Order: Political and Legal David VanDrunen Theory in Light of Robert B. Strimple Professor God’s Covenant of Systematic Theology and * Christian Ethics with Noah Westminster Seminary California Many Reformed writers before and into the twentieth century viewed broader cultural activity, particularly political and legal life, through a doctrine of the two kingdoms. This doctrine asserts that God’s rule of the world is twofold, a preser- vative and temporary reign over civil life and a redemptive reign over his church that will be consummated in the heavenly Jerusalem. According to this paradigm, Christians should indeed be actively and righteously involved in the many arenas of human culture, but, in their political and legal activity, they serve as agents of God’s general and providential rule of this present world—not as agents of his redemptive work in advancing the eschatological kingdom of Christ. Specifically, I focus on the postdiluvian covenant with Noah in Genesis 8:20–9:17. I argue that the Noahic covenant provides substantive theological foundation for believers seeking to build a political or legal theory consistent with Christian truth, offering crucial rudiments from which Christian legal and political theorists can build using their own prudence and expertise. Reformed social thought over the past century has been largely dominated by the “neo-Calvinist” movement, which conceives of Christian cultural activity as a participation in the redemption of all creation through Jesus Christ. One of the many attractive things about neo-Calvinism is its interest in the broad spectrum of human culture and its promise of identifying distinctively Christian ways of thinking about and pursuing its various tasks.1 The neo-Calvinist movement, however, arguably represents a deviation from older patterns of Reformed social thought in certain respects. -
Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies
RELIGION AND SOCIETY IN ASIA Kuo (ed.) Kuo Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies Edited by Cheng-tian Kuo Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies Religion and Society in Asia The Religion and Society in Asia series presents state-of-the-art cross-disciplinary academic research on colonial, postcolonial and contemporary entanglements between the socio-political and the religious, including the politics of religion, throughout Asian societies. It thus explores how tenets of faith, ritual practices and religious authorities directly and indirectly impact on local moral geographies, identity politics, political parties, civil society organizations, economic interests, and the law. It brings into view how tenets of faith, ritual practices and religious authorities are in turn configured according to socio-political, economic as well as security interests. The series provides brand new comparative material on how notions of self and other as well as justice and the commonweal have been predicated upon ‘the religious’ in Asia since the colonial/imperialist period until today. Series Editors Martin Ramstedt, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle Stefania Travagnin, University of Groningen Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies Edited by Cheng-tian Kuo Amsterdam University Press This book is sponsored by the 2017 Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange (Taiwan; SP002-D-16) and co-sponsored by the International Institute of Asian Studies (the Netherlands). Cover illustration: Chairman Mao Memorial Hall in Beijing © Cheng-tian Kuo Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Typesetting: Crius Group, Hulshout Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press.