Britpop) to the United States of America: Study on the Successful British Singers and Musicians That Contributing to Uk’S National Economy (2012-2015)
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PROMOTING BRITISH POPULAR MUSIC (BRITPOP) TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: STUDY ON THE SUCCESSFUL BRITISH SINGERS AND MUSICIANS THAT CONTRIBUTING TO UK’S NATIONAL ECONOMY (2012-2015) By MERRY KRISSTIN ID no. 016201300098 A Thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor Degree in International Relations Concentration in Diplomacy February 2017 THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “Promoting British Popular Music (Britpop) to The United States of America: Study on The Successful British Singers and Musicians that Contributing to UK’s National Economy 2012-2015” prepared and submitted by Merry Krisstin in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in International Relations in the Faculty of Humanities has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, February 2017 Hendra Manurung, SIP, MA. ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “Promoting British Popular Music (Britpop) to The United States of America: Study on The Successful British Singers and Musicians that Contributing to UK’s National Economy 2012-2015” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, February 2017 Merry Krisstin iii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “Promoting British Popular Music (Britpop) to The United States of America: Study on The Successful British Singers and Musicians that Contributing to UK’s National Economy 2012-2015” that was submitted by Merry Krisstin majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on 22 February 2017 Dr. Endi Haryono, M.Si. Chair – Panel of Examiners Isyana Adriani, M.Si. Examiner Hendra Manurung, SIP, MA. Thesis Advisor iv ABSTRAK Diplomasi budaya merupakan unsur penting dalam hubungan internasional. Diplomasi budaya juga merupakan bagian dari diplomasi publik yang digunakan untuk memperkenalkan dan mempromosikan budaya suatu negara kepada negara lain di dunia. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk menganalisis alat diplomasi budaya khususnya musik yang tidak hanya berperan penting untuk meningkatkan hubungan budaya antar negara tetapi juga berfungsi untuk meningkatkan ekonomi suatu negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus hubungan budaya antara Inggris dan Amerika, khususnya di bidang musik. Jangka waktu penelitian ini dimulai dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2016. Pada tahun ini, musik Inggris mulai mendominasi dunia dengan adanya musisi dan penyanyi berbakat internasional yang juga sukses di Amerika Srikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang meliputi sejarah, data, dokumen resmi dari badan organisasi yang berperan penting dalam memajukan musik Inggris ke dunia internasional, dan dokumen resmi dari pemerintah Inggris. Peran musik sebagai alat diplomasi budaya Inggris kepada Amerika menjadi aspek yang signifikan dan memiliki peran penting bagi Inggris. Kreatifitas yang diciptakan melalui musik dapat membuat dunia internasional tertarik dengan budaya Inggris. Karena itu, musik dinilai berkontribusi besar dalam menyumbang sebagian besar pendapatan negara dan juga berdampak bagi peningkatan ekonomi Inggris. Keywords: Cultural Diplomacy, Britain, British Popular Music, America, National Economy v ABSTRACT Cultural diplomacy is an important element in international relations. Cultural diplomacy is also a part of public diplomacy used to introduce and promote the culture of a country to another country in the world. This research attempts to analyze the tools of cultural diplomacy, especially music that is not only essential to improve cultural relations between countries but also serves to increase the economy of a country. This research uses a case study of cultural relations between the United Kingdom and the United States, especially in the field of music. This research period starting from the year 2012 until 2016. In this timeframe, the British Popular music began to dominate the world with their international talented musicians and singers who are also successful in the United States. This research uses qualitative research methods that include the history, data, official documents of the organizational body that plays an important role in advancing British music to the international, and official documents from the British government. The role of music as a tool of Britain's cultural diplomacy towards America becomes a significant aspect that plays an important role for Britain. Creativity is created through the international music can make the world interested in British culture. Therefore, music as a valuable asset contributes significantly to the income of the country and also has an impact in increasing the United Kingdom national economy. Keywords: Cultural Diplomacy, Britain, British Popular Music, America, National Economy vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I would like to thank to my Superhero, Jesus Christ. Thank you for being a father and a bestfriend who will always be there for me. The Lord that gives me hope and a future. Without You by my side, I cannot finish this thesis because You are the one who fight for me and I need only to be still. To my little family. My mom, my dad, my brother, my puppies, and my dogs. Thank you for being there for me during the ups and downs and love me no matter what. I am blessed to be in this family and I can’t thank enough to God for that. To Salim Group: my cousins, my uncles, my aunties, and the rest of the big family. Thank you for your care, attention, and support. To my lovely governor and my idol, Mr. Basuki Tjahaja Purnama. I never let go a day without seeing you on social media and because of that, I always procrastinate my thesis. Thank you for taking care of Jakarta, a city that never sleep where I wrote this thesis that made me cannot sleep. You are my spirit and my inspiration. To my best of the best besties in the world: Sukmanita Dewi, the super smartass friend where I can share all of my story and my style. Aurellia Raina, the kindest friend who always gives her attention and always understand me. Laura Anabelle, the fashionista and my childhood friend who always remembers me wherever she goes and always be patient to me. Jessica Irfan, my photogenic roommate where I can talk about everything sense and nonsense. Thank you for being more than bestfriend and support me while I was writing my thesis. Having you all is the greatest blessing in my life and I thank God for that every single day. To my President University friends. Sindy, James Tedy, Adrian, Celine, Christine, and Cherrish. My university life will not be fun and complete without you all. vii To my advisors. Mr. Hendra Manurung, thank you for your comments, suggestion, and guidance. I cannot finish this thesis without your support. My second advisor, Mrs. Isyana Arslan. The nicest advisor in the university, I feel so lucky to have you as my advisor. Thank you for your time, your guidance, and your snacks. Thank you for checking every chapters of my thesis and thank you for sharing your story with me. To uncles and aunties that I can’t say their name in here, thank you for taking care of me during the university life. I feel so grateful you treat me like I am one of your child. Jakarta, February 2017 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ADVISOR RECOMMENDATION LETTER .................................... ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY .............................................................. iii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET ............................................... iv ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xi LIST OF ACRONYMS....................................................................................... xii CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1-21 I.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................. 1 I.2 Problem Identification ..................................................................................... 5 I.3 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................ 9 I.4 Research Objectives ........................................................................................ 9 I.5 Significance of the Study ................................................................................ 9 I.6 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................... 9 I.7 Scope and Limitation of the Study ................................................................ 13 I.8 Literature Review .......................................................................................... 13 I.9 Definitions of Terms ....................................................................................