DOCSLIB.ORG

Toxicity Evaluation of Poly(Anhydride) Nanoparticles As Carriers for Oral Administration of Drugs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Toxicity Evaluation of Poly(Anhydride) Nanoparticles As Carriers for Oral Administration of Drugs Toxicity evaluation of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as carriers for oral administration of drugs Patricia Ojer Ojer TESIS DOCTORAL Pamplona, octubre 2013 TESIS DOCTORAL Facultad de Farmacia Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología Toxicity evaluation of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as carriers for oral administration of drugs Trabajo presentado por Dña.Patricia Ojer Ojer para obtener el Grado de Doctor Fdo. Patricia Ojer Ojer Pamplona, octubre 2013 El presente trabajo, titulado “Toxicity evaluation of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as carriers for oral administration of drugs”, presentado por DÑA. PATRICIA OJER OJER para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universidad de Navarra en el área de tecnología Farmacéutica y Toxicología, ha sido realizado bajo nuestra dirección en los Departamentos de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y de Farmacología y Toxicología de la Universidad de Navarra. Estimamos que puede ser presentado al tribunal que lo ha de juzgar. Y para que así conste, firman la presente: Fdo.: Dr. Juan M. Irache Garreta Fdo.: Dra. Adela López de Cerain Salsamendi Pamplona, octubre 2013 Esta tesis doctoral se ha llevado a cabo gracias a las ayudas predoctorales de Formación (convocatoria 2007) y de movilidad internacional (convocatoria 2010) dentro del plan de Formación y de I+D del departamento de educación del Gobierno de Navarra y a la ayuda para la formación del personal investigador de la Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra. Las investigaciones realizadas en el presente trabajo se han desarrollado dentro del proyecto CAN “Nanotecnología y medicamentos” (REF 10828). A mis padres, Inma y Vicente, y a mi hermano, Daniel. “Lo esencial es invisible para los ojos” Antoine de Saint-Exupéry AGRADECIMIENTOS Deseo expresar mi agradecimiento a todas las personas e instituciones que durante estos últimos años han contribuido a que la presente tesis doctoral sea una realidad. En primer lugar, quisiera agradecer especialmente a mis directores, el Dr. Juan Manuel Irache y la Dra. Adela López de Cerain, la oportunidad de realizar esta tesis doctoral. Gracias por su inestimable labor de dirección, su estímulo para seguir creciendo intelectualmente y sobre todo, por la confianza depositada en mí y en mi trabajo. Gracias a la Universidad de Navarra y en especial a los investigadores, profesores y personal de los Departamentos de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y de Farmacología y Toxicología, gracias por la ayuda prestada cuando la he necesitado. A la asociación de Amigos y el Departamento de Educación del Gobierno de Navarra, por la aportación económica recibida a través de sus programas de ayudas para la realización de tesis doctorales y estancias en el extranjero. I am grateful to the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics of the University of Vienna, in particular to Prof. Franz Gabor and Prof. Michael Wirth for giving me the opportunity to join their group. Thanks to those people who I met in Vienna, and especially to Lukas Neutsch for your friendliness and your “incubation times”. A mis compañeros y amigos de los laboratorios de Galénica y Toxicología, ha sido un placer poder compartir con todos vosotros estos años, no sólo el trabajo dentro del laboratorio sino también los grandes momentos vividos fuera. A Hugo. Muchísimas gracias por toda tu ayuda en estos años, porque no sólo te has limitado a realizar tu trabajo sino que además lo has hecho mucho más divertido, aunque la radio ayudaba bastante. Gracias por quedarte a trabajar horas que no te correspondían y por venir los fines de semana. A Irene Esparza. Gracias por tu apoyo incondicional, tu sabiduría, tu infinita paciencia pero sobre todo gracias por tu amistad, siempre dispuesta a ayudar y a escuchar aunque para ello tuvieses que sacar al día 25 horas. A todas las personas que durante estos años han formado parte de mi vida, besonders Camillo, well er an mich mehr geglaubt hat als ich selbst. Todo esto no hubiera sido posible sin el cariño de mi familia, y en especial de mis padres. Este es también vuestro premio. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS.........................................................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 1......................................................................................................................................................21 GENERAL INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2 .....................................................................................................................................................79 AIM AND OBJECTIVES CHAPTER 3 .....................................................................................................................................................83 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CHAPTER 4 .....................................................................................................................................................87 Spray-drying of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles for drug/antigen delivery CHAPTER 5 ...................................................................................................................................................113 Cytotoxicity and cell interaction studies of bioadhesive poly(anhydride) nanoparticles for oral antigen/drug delivery CHAPTER 6 ...................................................................................................................................................143 Toxicity studies of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as carriers for oral drug delivery CHAPTER 7 ...................................................................................................................................................169 Hemocompatibility, acute toxic effects and biodistribution of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles following intravenous administration CHAPTER 8 ...................................................................................................................................................195 GENERAL DISCUSSION CHAPTER 9 ...................................................................................................................................................207 CONCLUSIONS/CONCLUSIONES 15 ABREVIATIONS ABREVIATIONS %ID/g: Percentage of injected dose per gram 99mTc: 99mTechnetium ABI-007: Abraxane® ADA: Adenosine Deaminase AFM: Atomic Force Microscopy ALT: Alanine Transaminase APCs: Antigen-Presenting Cells AST: Aspartate Transaminase ATO: Atovaquone ATP: Adenosine Thriphosphate BCS: Biopharmaceutics Classification System BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin BSA-FITC: Bovine Serum Albumin-Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Conjugate Bw: Body weight CdSe: Cadmium Selenide CdTe: Cadmium Telluride CLSM: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy CMC: Critical Micelle Concentration CNTs: Carbon Nanotubes CT: Computed Tomography CTB: Cholera Toxin B subunit CYP: Cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzyme system DCFA: 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate DISS: Digital Image System DMF: Dimethylformamide DOX: Doxorubicin DPBS: Dulbecco´s Phosphate Buffered Saline DTXL: Docetaxel DTNB: 5,5-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoic acid EASAC: European Academies Science Advisory Council ELSD: Evaporative Light Scattering Detection EMA: European Medicines Agency EPR: Enhanced Permeability and Retention ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate FDA: Food and Drug Administration FP7: Seventh Framework Program GCSF: Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor GIT: Gastrointestinal Tract HGB: Hemoglobin HCT: Hematocrit 17 ABREVIATIONS HER2: Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 HGF: Hepatocytes Growth Factor HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus HPCD: 2-hydroxipropyl-β-cyclodextrin HPLC: High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPMA: N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide HS: Hot Saline antigenic extract HSA: Human Serum Albumin i.m.: intramuscular i.r.: intravitreous i.t.: intrathecal i.v.: intravenous ILSI RF/RSI: International Life Sciences Institute Research Foundation/Risk Science Institute InAs: Indium Arsenide InP: Indium Phosphide IRIV: Immunopotentiating Reconstituted Influenza Virosome ISO: International Organization for Standardization ITLC: Instant Thin Layer Chromatography JRC: Joint Research Centre of the European Commission LD50: Lethal Dose 50% LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase LPS: Lipopolysaccharide LUVs: Large Unilamellar Vesicles MCH: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin MCHC: Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume MLVs: Mutilamellar Vesicles MPS: Mononuclear Phagocyte System MTS: 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt MTT: 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide MWCNT: Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes NCS: Nanotoxicological Classification System NCTR: National Center of Toxicological Research NOAEL: No Observed Adverse Effect Level NNI: National Nanotechnology Initiative NP: Conventional poly(anhydride) nanoparticles NP-HPCD: Nanoparticles containing 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Omp: Outer membrane proteins OVA: Ovalbumin PACA: Poly(akyl cyanocrylates) 18 ABREVIATIONS PAMAM: Poly(amidoamine) PBS: Phosphate buffered saline PCL: Poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) PCS: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy PDI: Polydispersity Index PEG: Polyethylene glycol PEG-NP: Pegylated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles P-gp: P-glycoprotein PLA: Poly(lactic acid) PLDsis: Phospholipidosis PLGA: Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) PLT: Platelet count QDs: Quantum Dots RBC: Red Blood Corpuscles count RES: Reticular
Load more
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

207 pages remaining, click to load more.

Recommended publications
  • Mammals in the MZNA Vertebrate Collection of University of Navarra, Spain
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 634: 137–150Mammals (2016) in the MZNA Vertebrate Collection of University of Navarra, Spain 137 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.634.10207 DATA PAPER http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Mammals in the MZNA Vertebrate Collection of University of Navarra, Spain Nora Escribano1, David Galicia1, Arturo H. Ariño1, Carmen Escala1 1 Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Department of Environmental Biology, Campus Universita- rio, 31080, Pamplona, Spain Corresponding author: Nora Escribano (nescribano@alumni.unav.es) Academic editor: L. Penev | Received 17 August 2016 | Accepted 28 October 2016 | Published 21 November 2016 http://zoobank.org/8AEC9DE1-23D7-40DE-9355-B2BFA2FD79B6 Citation: Escribano N, Galicia D, Ariño AH, Escala C (2016) Mammals in the MZNA Vertebrate Collection of University of Navarra, Spain. ZooKeys 634: 137–150. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.634.10207 Abstract In this paper five datasets are described that provide information about records of mammals in the Verte- brate Collection of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Navarra (MZNA-VERT). The datasets contain 3,466 records belonging to 20 species of mammals sampled across the transition zone between the Atlantic and Mediterranean biogeographical regions (north Iberian Peninsula). The datasets include both distributional data (georeferenced records) and basic biometric data of most of the vouchered specimens stored in the museum facilities. The samples originated mainly within research projects and PhD theses carried out in the former department of Zoology and Ecology of the University of Navarra between 1982 and 2011. The Darwin Core Archive Format datasets are accessible through GBIF.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Article in PDF Format
    DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTOR : Bruno David Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Laure Desutter-Grandcolas ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Anne Mabille (zoosyst@mnhn.fr) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Anne Mabille COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : James Carpenter (AMNH, New York, États-Unis) Maria Marta Cigliano (Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentine) Henrik Enghoff (NHMD, Copenhague, Danemark) Rafael Marquez (CSIC, Madrid, Espagne) Peter Ng (University of Singapore) Jean-Yves Rasplus (INRA, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France) Jean-François Silvain (IRD, Gif-sur-Yvette, France) Wanda M. Weiner (Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracovie, Pologne) John Wenzel (The Ohio State University, Columbus, États-Unis) COUVERTURE / COVER : Habitus and color patterns of some species described in the article. Zoosystema est indexé dans / Zoosystema is indexed in: – Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®) – ISI Alerting Services® – Current Contents® / Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences® – Scopus® Zoosystema est distribué en version électronique par / Zoosystema is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Zoosystema sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Zoosystema are referenced by: – ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Zoosystema est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris / Zoosystema is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél.
    [Show full text]
  • New Species of Entomobrya from Germany (Collembola, Entomobryini)
    S O I L O R G A N I S M S Volume 83 (2) 2011 pp. 249–264 ISSN: 1864-6417 New species of Entomobrya from Germany (Collembola, Entomobryini) Rafael Jordana1, 3, Hans-Jürgen Schulz2 and Enrique Baquero1 1 Department of Zoology and Ecology, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain 2 Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300154, D-02806 Görlitz, Germany 3 Corresponding author: Rafael Jordana (email: rjordana@unav.es) Abstract The systematic study of specimens of Entomobrya from various European museums, private collections and other samplings, allows us to describe several species new of the genus. Specimens from Germany, deposited at the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz (SMNG), identified as new species as result of this study, are described: Entomobrya dungeri n. sp., Entomobrya germanica n. sp., Entomobrya saxoniensis n. sp., Entomobrya schulzi Jordana & Baquero n. sp. and Entomobrya dorsolineata n. sp. Key words: morphological characters, chaetotaxy. 1. Introduction During the revision of the genus Entomobrya from a loan of Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz (Germany) in view of the publication of the Entomobryini volume of ‘Synopses on Palaearctic Collembola’, and as a result of our re-examination of the specimens provided to us by the museum, new species of Entomobrya were identified. The combined use of colour and macrochaetotaxy allows the identification of new species and provides a good description. The set of characters proposed by Jordana & Baquero (2005), based on a constant and generally visible set of morphological characters (Christiansen 1958; Christiansen & Bellinger 1980), including the dorsal macrochaetotaxy, has proven very useful for the identification of species within the genusEntomobrya (Baquero et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola, Entomobryomorpha)
    S O I L O R G A N I S M S Volume 83 (2) 2011 pp. 221–248 ISSN: 1864-6417 New species of Entomobryini from Russia and Armenia (Collembola, Entomobryomorpha) Rafael Jordana1, 3, Mikhail Potapov 2 and Enrique Baquero1 1 Department of Zoology and Ecology, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain 2 Moscow State Pedagogical University, Biology/Chemistry Faculty, Zoology Department, Kibalchicha 6, b5 Moscow 2 129278, Russia 3 Corresponding author: Rafael Jordana (email: rjordana@unav.es) Abstact This paper is part of the results of a systematic study of the specimens of Entomobrya and related genera from various European museums and other material obtained from private collections. Various new species from Russia and Armenia were identified: Entomobrya karasukensis n. sp., Entomobrya tuvinica n. sp., Entomobrya pseudolanuginosa n. sp., Entomobrya stebaevae n. sp., Entomobrya kuznetsovae n. sp., Entomobrya brinevi n. sp., Entomobrya primorica n. sp., Entomobrya kabardinica n. sp., Entomobrya taigicola n. sp., Entomobryoides sotoadamesi n. sp. and Prodrepanura altaica n. sp. from Russia, and Entomobrya armeniensis n. sp. from Armenia. For the identification and description of these species we used the set of characters proposed by Jordana and Baquero (2005). Key words: morphological characters, chaetotaxy. 1. Introduction During the revision of the genus Entomobrya from some collections of Russia and Armenia, new species of Entomobrya and related genera were identified. The combined use of colour and macrochaetotaxy allows the identification of new species and provides a good description. The set of characters proposed by Jordana & Baquero (2005), based on a constant and generally visible set of morphological characters (Christiansen 1958; Christiansen & Bellinger 1980), including the dorsal macrochaetotaxy, has proven very useful for the identification of species within the genusEntomobrya (Baquero et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Navarra, North of Iberian Peninsula
    , Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent., 26 (3-4): 2002: 75-91 ISSN: 0210-8984 Contribution to the knowledge of the family Mymaridae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Navarra, North of Iberian peninsula E. Baquero & R. Jordana ABSTRACT Thirteen species of the family Mymaridae Haliday (Hymenoptera, ChaIcidoidea) are added to the faunal list of Navarra (North of Iberian Peninsula): Alaptus fusculus Walker, A. pallidicornis Forster, Anaphes diana (Girault), Cleruchus sp., Dicopus minu­ tissima Enock, Erythmelus flavovarius (Walker), E. panis (Enock), Eustochus atripennis Curtis, Litus cynipseus Haliday, Mymar taprobanicum Ward, Ooctonus vulgatus Haliday, Stephanodes similis (Forster) and Stethynium triclavatum Enock. Details about their European distribution and biology are also included. The specimens were collected with a Malaise trap in the locality of Cadreita, in the South of Navarra, and with a sweep net from corn fields in sixty localities around Navarra. Keywords: Hymenoptera, Mymaridae, Zea mays, Navarra, Iberian peninsula. RESUMEN Contribucion al conocimiento de la familia Mymaridae Haliday (Hymenopte­ ra: Chalcidoidea) en Navarra, norte de la peninSUla Iberica Se afiaden trece especies de la familia Mymaridae HaJiday (Hymenoptera, ChaIcidoidea) a la fauna de Navarra (norte de la Peninsula Iberica): Alaptus fusculus Walker, A. pallidicornis Forster, Anaphes diana (Girault), Cleruchus sp., Dicopus minutissima Enock, Erythmelus flavovarius (Walker), E. panis (Enock), Eustochus atripennis Curtis, Litus cynipseus Haliday, Mymar taprobanicum Ward, Ooctonus vulgatus Haliday, Stephanodes similis (Forster) y Stethynium triclavatum Enock. Se incluyen detalles acerca de la distribuci6n de estas especies en Europa. Todos los ejemplares fueron recolectados utilizando una tramp a Malaise, colocada en la locali­ dad de Cadreita, y una manga entomol6gica, en campos de maiz de 60 localidades a 10 largo de Navarra.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the Sierra De Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
    Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 42.2 (2019) 213 Studies of the mesovoid shallow substratum can change the accepted autecology of species: the case of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain) V. M. Ortuño, E. Ledesma, A. Jiménez–Valverde, G. Pérez–Suárez Ortuño, V. M., Ledesma, E., Jiménez–Valverde, A., Pérez–Suárez, G., 2019. Studies of the mesovoid shallow substratum can change the accepted autecology of species: the case of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 42.2: 213–226, Doi: https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2019.42.0213 Abstract Studies of the mesovoid shallow substratum can change the accepted autecology of species: the case of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain). The family Carabidae is of particular interest not only due to its great specific diversity but also due to the geophilic nature of many of its members, which makes them good bioindicators of soil characteristics. The diversity of the epigean Carabidae is relatively well studied. However, there are no robust data on the presence of these beetles in hypogean habitats of non–karstic substrate and, therefore, without the development of caves. In the present study, we sampled the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) at various sites in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park, with the aim of characterising the Carabidae hypogean fauna. Among many other organisms, we collected 12 species of Carabidae. Of these, despite being known from epigean/edaphic habitats, Leistus (Leistus) con- strictus Schaufuss, 1862, Nebria (Nebria) vuillefroyi Chaudoir, 1866, Trechus (Trechus) schaufussi pandellei Putzeys, 1870, and Laemostenus (Eucryptotrichus) pinicola (Graells, 1851) are consistently reported from MSS habitats, albeit with certain differences as regards their occupation of subterranean spaces.
    [Show full text]
  • Del Aragonés Rafael Jordana Y De La Fauna Australiana
    Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.), 66 (30/06/2020): 281-282. Del aragonés Rafael Jordana y de la fauna australiana Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae). Rafael Jordana & Penelope Greenslade Zootaxa (Monografía), 4770: 001–104. Mayo 2020. Magnolia Press. Auckland, Nueva Zelanda Existe la buena práctica de dedicar unas páginas a la memoria de Sierra de Guadarrama (Madrid y Segovia, dos sp. n.)4, o macaro- los colegas científicos cuando nos abandonan por natural ley de nésico, como en la Caldera de Taburiente (La Palma, una sp. n.)5. vida. Quien esto escribe no es ajeno a tan digna costumbre, pero Junto a estos trabajos y tan solo en los últimos 10 años, Jordana, defiende desde tiempos lejanos la conveniencia de practicarla, solo o en compañía de otros, ha publicado artículos sobre colém- siempre que sea posible y lo sea merecidamente, con colegas vi- bolos del Himalaya indio, Irán, Irak, China, Japón, Georgia, Ale- vos. La primera, y tal vez única razón, es que el destinatario pueda mania, Rusia, Armenia, Sicilia (Italia) o, ahora, Australia. A estos recibirla y si fuera necesario, corregirla o incluso rebatirla, en el estudios ‘locales’ (que parecen cubrir no obstante casi todo el pla- caso de que no sea felizmente consistente con la realidad. Recor- neta), deben sumarse trabajos de revisión o síntesis general como dar los logros de un colega (cuando además es convecino) debe- el volumen de 800 páginas de la serie Fauna Ibérica, dedicado a ría ser un deber cívico y social de los que lo consideramos, contra todo el orden Poduromorpha en la Península Ibérica6 y que com- el maldito, y muchas veces falso dicho popular, ‘profeta en su tie- prende unas 300 especies distribuidas en 5 familias, o la Sy- rra’.
    [Show full text]
  • (Collembola) from a Sampling in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum of the Sierra De Guadarrama National Park (Madrid and Segovia, Spain): Taxonomy and Biogeography
    insects Article Neelipleona and Symphypleona (Collembola) from a Sampling in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Madrid and Segovia, Spain): Taxonomy and Biogeography Enrique Baquero 1,2,* , Rafael Jordana 1 and Vicente M. Ortuño 2 1 Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, University Campus, 31080 Pamplona, Spain; rjordana@unav.es 2 Grupo de Investigación de Biología del Suelo y de los Ecosistemas Subterráneos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain; vicente.ortuno@uah.es * Correspondence: ebaquero@unav.es Simple Summary: The material for this study was obtained after intensive sampling in the colluvial mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park using 33 subter- ranean sampling devices (SSD). The data were obtained from the first extraction of the traps between May and October of 2015. This paper presents the results for a small part of the total Collembola captured (4.4% of the total for this sampling), namely, the Neelipleona and Symphypleona. Eleven species belonging to seven families were identified, two of which are new species. Based on the results of this study, and others previously published on Collembola of the MSS in the Sierra de Citation: Baquero, E.; Jordana, R.; Guadarrama National Park, the presence of epigeal and edaphic species is observed, which, in Ortuño, V.M. Neelipleona and general, are not as abundant as the newly discovered species. The high abundance and extensive Symphypleona (Collembola) from a presence in the hypogean environment of most of the new species discovered are indicative that the Sampling in the Mesovoid Shallow MSS has a unique and distinct Collembola community.
    [Show full text]
  • European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Design and Influence Of
    European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 37 (2009) 563–572 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ejps Design and influence of ␥-irradiation on the biopharmaceutical properties of nanoparticles containing an antigenic complex from Brucella ovis Raquel Da Costa Martins a, Carlos Gamazo b, Juan Manuel Irache a,∗ a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain b Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain article info abstract Article history: Despite vaccination campaigns, brucellosis is still one of the most common bacterial zoonosis in the Received 25 February 2009 world. This work describes the development of a novel formulation strategy to the delivery of the Bru- Received in revised form 3 April 2009 cella ovis antigenic extract (HS) into ovine mucosal surfaces. Thus, HS was entrapped in conventional Accepted 3 May 2009 and mannosylated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles by the solvent displacement method, and the resulting Available online 12 May 2009 nanosystems were ␥-irradiated to accomplish the sterilization required for the ophthalmic administration route. Sterilization, at either 10 kGy or 25 kGy, did not modify the size, morphology and antigen content Keywords: of the nanoparticles. Similarly, the integrity and antigenicity of the entrapped antigen were not affected Brucellosis ␥ ␥ Nanoparticles by -irradiation. The 25 kGy -irradiation dose seemed to influence negatively the HS release from the Vaccine carriers. However, and in accordance with the Pearson’s correlation, all the release patterns followed a ␥-Irradiation similar tendency. Furthermore, the stability of the vaccine systems on lachrymal and nasal ovine fluids, Sterilization showed that ␥-irradiation had no significant effects on the vaccine systems.
    [Show full text]
  • First Data for the Sierra De Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain) and a Description of Two New Species of Orchesella (Entomobryidae)
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Distinctive Collembola communities in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum: First data for the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain) and a description of two new species of Orchesella (Entomobryidae) Enrique Baquero1☯*, Enrique Ledesma2, Jose D. Gilgado2, Vicente M. Ortuño2, a1111111111 Rafael Jordana1☯ a1111111111 a1111111111 1 Departamento de BiologõÂa Animal, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de BiologõÂa Ciencias Ambientales y QuõÂmica, Universidad de AlcalaÂ, Alcala de a1111111111 Henares, Madrid, Spain a1111111111 ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * ebaquero@unav.es OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Baquero E, Ledesma E, Gilgado JD, Ortuño VM, Jordana R (2017) Distinctive Two new species of the genus Orchesella Templeton, 1836 have been identified following Collembola communities in the Mesovoid Shallow intensive sampling in the Colluvial Milieu Souterrain Superficiel (Mesovoid Shallow Substra- Substratum: First data for the Sierra de tum, or MSS) of the Sierra de Guadarrama using Subterranean Sampling Devices (SSD). Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain) and a description of two new species of Orchesella The data were obtained from the first extraction of the traps between May and October of (Entomobryidae). PLoS ONE 12(12): e0189205. 2015. During a study of the Collembola taxon, 32 different genera (61 species) were identi- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189205 fied. The highest representative genus presence in almost all traps was Orchesella, with two Editor: Feng ZHANG, CHINA new species. One of the two species described had been misidentified until this study was Received: May 30, 2017 carried out, indicating that their preferential habitat had not been sampled; the second spe- cies had never been identified.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola, Entomobryidae) and a New Name for Folsomia Potapovi (Collembola, Isotomidae)
    S O I L O R G A N I S M S Volume 82 (3) 2010 pp. 285–300 ISSN: 1864 - 6417 New species of Entomobryini from the Mediterranean Palaearctic (Collembola, Entomobryidae) and a new name for Folsomia potapovi (Collembola, Isotomidae) Enrique Baquero1, Javier Arbea2 and Rafael Jordana1, 3 1 Department of Zoology and Ecology, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain 2 Ría de Solía, 3, Ch. 39, 39610 El Astillero, Cantabria, Spain 3 Corresponding author: Rafael Jordana (email: rjordana@unav.es) Abstract New species of the genera Entomobrya and Mesentotoma from the Mediterranean Palaearctic region are described: Entomobrya akritohoriensis n. sp. from Greece, Entomobrya luqueensis n. sp. and Entomobrya vergarensis n. sp. from Spain, Entomobrya transversalis n. sp. from Morocco, and Mesentotoma hispanica n. sp. from Spain. A new name is proposed for Folsomia potapovi Jordana & Baquero 2008 nec Babenko 2007. Key words: morphological characters, chaetotaxy, Entomobrya, Mesentotoma, Folsomia 1. Introduction During the revision of the genus Entomobrya from the Palaearctic, a great number of specimens from different localities were studied. It is relatively common to find new species that had not been detected due to their similar coloration with previously described species. The combined use of colour and macrochaetotaxy allows the identification of new species and provides a reliable differentiation and characterisation of new species. Two new species are described from a single specimen. One of them (from Greece) is clearly separated from all other Entomobrya species due to its chaetotaxy of Abd IV. It is very similar to the species of the genus Homidia; the other one is a specimen found among the material labelled as E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Factor
    BioScience Advance Access published July 2, 2014 Forum Disturbance Relicts in a Rapidly Changing World: The Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Factor J. JUDSON WYNNE, ERNEST C. BERNARD, FRANCIS G. HOWARTH, STEFAN SOMMER, FELIPE N. SOTO-ADAMES, STEFANO TAITI, EDWARD L. MOCKFORD, MARK HORROCKS, LÁZARO PAKARATI, AND VICTORIA PAKARATI-HOTUS Caves are considered buffered environments in terms of their ability to sustain near-constant microclimatic conditions. However, cave entrance Downloaded from environments are expected to respond rapidly to changing conditions on the surface. Our study documents an assemblage of endemic arthropods that have persisted in Rapa Nui caves, despite a catastrophic ecological shift, overgrazing, and surface ecosystems dominated by invasive species. We discovered eight previously unknown endemic species now restricted to caves—a large contribution to the island’s natural history, given its severely depauperate native fauna. Two additional species, identified from a small number of South Pacific islands, probably arrived with early Polynesian colonizers. All of these animals are considered disturbance relicts—species whose distributions are now limited to areas that experienced minimal historical human disturbance. Extinction debts and the interaction of global climate change and invasive species are likely http://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/ to present an uncertain future for these endemic cavernicoles. Keywords: caves, disturbance relict hypothesis, ecological shifts, fern–moss gardens, endemic species oday, virtually no place on Earth exists that has How these animals colonized and ultimately became Tnot been affected in some way by human activity. restricted to caves is generally explained by one of two Although caves may be considered somewhat buffered sys- hypotheses. Occurring primarily within the deepest, most tems (in particular, the deepest reaches of caves), the subterra- buffered portions of caves, troglomorphic (or cave-adapted) nean realm is no exception.
    [Show full text]