Christmas Crisis National President Vice-Presidents MOORFIELD STOREY, Boston OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD, New York REV. JOHN HAYNES HOLMES, New York Chairman of the Board of Directors JOHN E. - MILHOLLAND, New York DR. J. E. SPINGARN, New York ARCHIBALD H. GRIMKfi, Washington Director of Publications and Research MARY WHITE OVINGTON, Brooklyn DR. W. E. B. DU BOIS, New York REV. G. R. WALLER, Springfield, Mass. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD ROY NASH Treasurer Secretary ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chicago Brooklyn New York JANE ADDAMS DR. V. MORTON JONES REV. HUTCHINS C. BISHOP DR. C. E. BENTLEY DR. O. M. WALLER MRS. FLORENCE KELLEY PAUL KENNADAY Boston New Haven CHARLES EDWARD RUSSELL JOSEPH PRINCE LOUD GEORGE W. CRAWFORD ARTHUR B. SPINGARN BUTLER R. WILSON Philadelphia CHARLES H. STUDIN DR. WILLIAM A. SINCLAIR Baltimore DR. JOHN G. UNDERHILL BISHOP JOHN HURST Washington LILLIAN D. WALD DR. F. N. CARDOZO PROF. GEO. WILLIAM COOK WILLIAM ENGLISH WALLING

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Date , 1916. OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD, Treasurer, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York. SIR: I desire to become a member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and to receive The Crisis. In payment of my dues for one year, I enclose dollars. Name

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Mention THE CRISIS.. THE CRISIS A RECORD OF THE DARKER RACES

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, AT 70 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY. CONDUCTED BY W. E. BURGHARDT DU BOIS; AUGUSTUS GRANVILLE DILL, BUSINESS MANAGER

Contents Copyrighted, 1916, by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Contents for December, 1916 PICTURES COVER. Design by Lucille Rogers. Photograph of the Painting of The Three Kings. By Quentin Metsys, Metropolitan Museum, New York. CARTOON. The Election. By Lorenzo Harris 59 ANTHONY CRAWFORD 67 THE "BIG HOUSE" OF THE BALDWIN PLANTATION 72 MEN OF THE MONTH 76 SHADOWS OF LIGHT 77-80 CARTOON. Christmas in Georgia, A. D., 1916. By Lorenzo Harris 78 ARTICLES "BITS." A Christmas Story. By Helen G. RicVs 64 CHRIST-MOTHER. A Poem 66 THE FIRST STONE. A Story. By Joseph Lyndel Bowler 68 THE FORETREKKERS. A Poem. By Alice Werner 71 FIFTY YEARS IN LOUISIANA. By John Paul Baldwin 71 DEPARTMENTS EDITORIAL 59 THE OUTER POCKET 73 MEN OF THE MONTH 75 THE LOOKING GLASS 81 THE HORIZON 88

THE CRISIS for January

The January number of THE CRISIS will be Richmond number, with articles ami pictures pertaining to that most interesting colore'1 city. THE CRISIS CALENDAR for 1017 will be a calendar of Negro biography, with lives and pictures of 24 of the greatest men of Ne^ro blood of all time. Price twenty-five cents. Ready December 10. Limited edition. Order early. Remember our Christmas books and cards.

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FOREIGN SUBSCRIPTIONS TWENTY-FIVE CENTS EXTRA RENEWALS: The date of expiration of each subscription is printed on the wrapper. When the subscription is due, a blue renewal blank is enclosed. CHANGE OF ADDRESS: The address of a subscriber can be changed as often as desired. In ordering a change of address, both the old and the new address must "be given. Two weeks' notice is required. MANUSCRIPTS and drawings relating to colored people are desired. They must be accom­ panied by return postage. If found unavailable they will be returned. Entered as Second-class Matter in the P*st Office at New York, N. Y. 56 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

NIUIINJIIIUUIIIIIIIIUIINIIIIIIRANIIIIIIRJIIRAIINIIFFL [IIII!!II[NNIIIIIIIIIIIIII]II!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII]INIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII[III]IIII[IIIIIIIIW The NATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL

"/ cordially commend the school's interest and needs to all who believe in the Negro race and in our obligation to help promote its intellectual, moral and religious uplift." REV. DR. CHARLES H. PARKHURST, New York City.

IT IS MORE THAN A MERE SCHOOL IT IS A COMMUNITY OF SERVICE AND UPLIFT Its influence is destined to be felt in all sections of the country in improved Negro community life wherever our trained workers locate. Settlement workers, missionaries for home and foreign mission fields, Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. secretaries and district nurses receive a compre­ hensive grasp of their studies under a Wellesley graduate and experienced co­ workers and actual every-day practice through the school's SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT. A HIGH STANDARD COLLEGE DEPARTMENT has now been established. We aim also to create a better qualified ministry. Industrial training, advanced literary branches, business school. Thirty-two acres; ten modern buildings; healthful location. We can accommodate a few more earnest, ambitious students. Communities requiring social workers should write us. School Term Opened Oct. 4, 1916

For catalog and detailed information, address: PRESIDENT JAMES E. SHEPARD NATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL DURHAM, N. C. I TIIAIIIIIIMNIINIIIIIINIIIIIMMIIMIIIIMIIIIWIIIIWMIIIIIIIW

THE The Cheyney Training School AGRICULTURAL AND for Teachers CHEYNEY, PENNSYLVANIA

TECHNICAL COLLEGE Under the management of the So­ ciety of Friends. Beautifully lo­ (FORMERLY A. & M. COLLEGE) cated, healthful, well appointed. Fall Term began September 1, 1916. This school offers to young colored Board, lodging and tuition $8.00 per men and women who have a rea­ month. sonable secondary school prepara­ Maintained by the Governments of the United States and of Worth Caro­ tion, and who earnestly desire to lina. become teachers, courses in aca­ Short courses. demic work, domestic science, do­ Courses leading to the degrees of mestic art, manual crafts and Bachelor of Science in Agriculture and Bachelor of Science in Mechanics. agriculture. Tuition is free. Board, Write today for catalog. lodging, heat, light and laundry

Address: privileges are offered for nine months for $100. The entrance PRESIDENT DUDLEY fee is $7. Fall term opened Sep­ tember 16, 1916. A. & T. College For full information, write to

Greensboro, N. C. LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL, PRINCIPAL.

Mention THE CRISIS THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 57

Atlanta University MOREHOUSE COLLEGE Is beautifully located in the City of Atlanta, (Formerly Atlanta Baptist College) Ga. The courses of study include High ATLANTA, GA. School, Normal School and College, with College, Academy, Divinity School manual training and domestic science. Among An institution famous within recent years the teachers are graduates of Vale, Harvard, for its emphasis on all sides of manly develop­ Dartmouth and Wclleslcy. Forty-seven years ment—the only institution in the far South of successful work have been completed. devoted solely to the education of Negro Students come from all parts of the South. young men. Graduates are almost universally successful. For further information address Graduates given high ranking by greatest northern universities. Debating, Y. M. C. A., President EDWARD T. WARE athletics, all live features. ATLANTA, GA. For information address Knoxville College JOHN HOPE, President Beautiful Situation. Healthful Location. The Best Moral and Spiritual Environ­ WILEY UNIVERSITY ment. A Splendid Intellectual Atmo­ sphere. Noted for Honest and Thorough MARSHALL, TEXAS Work. Recognized as a college of the First Class Offers full courses in the following de­ partments: College, Normal, High School, by Texas and Louisiana State Boards of Grammar School and Industrial. Education. Harvard, Yale and Columbia Good water, steam heat, electric lights, good drainage. Expenses very reasonable. represented on its faculty; students gath­ Fall Term Beg-an September 21.1916 ered from ten different states. For information address Strongest Music Department in the West President R. W. Mc GRANAHAN KNOXVILLE, TENN. M. W. DOGAN, President

ST. MARY'S SCHOOL FISK UNIVERSITY

An Episcopal boarding school for girls, NASHVILLE, TENN. tinder the direction of the Sisters of St. Mary. Founded 1866 Address: THE SISTER-IN-CHARGE Thorough Literary, Scientific, Educational, Musical and Social Science Courses. Pioneer 609 N. 43d St W. Philadelphia, Pa. in Negro music. Special study in Negro life. THE COLORED TEACHER Ideal and sanitary buildings and grounds. Well-equipped Science building. A Monthly Educational Journal Frederick A. McGinnis, Wilberforce, Ohio, Editor Christian home life. Isaac H. Miller. Atlanta. Ga., i t High standard of independent manhood and T. B. Steward, Kansas City, Mo. r Associate Editors \V. H. Fouse, Lexington, Ky. ) womanhood. For literature, etc., write $1.00 PER YEAR—10 CF.XTS PER COPY. FAYETTE AVERY McKENZIE, President AGENTS WANTED. Address: The Colored Teacher, Box 22, Wilber­ force, 0. Morris Brown University A live agency furnishes the Atlanta, Ga. TEACHERS connecting medium in a busi­ ness way between teachers and schools and relieves Co-Educational teachers of the embarrassment of job hunting. The largest institution of learning in the South We have had calls for teachers from Alabama, owned anil controlled by Negroes. Faculty of special­ Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, ists, trained in some of the host universities in the Georgia. Illinois. Indiana, Kansas. Kentucky, Mary­ North and in the South. Noted for high standard of land, Mississippi. Missouri, New York. North Caro scholarship; industrial emphasis and positive Chris­ lina. Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania. Rhode Island. tian influence. Well equipped dormitories; sane South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas. Virginia and West athletics under faculty supervision. Expenses rea­ Virginia. sonable. Location central and healthful. Departments: Theology, College, Preparatory, Nor­ THE MUTUAL TEACHERS' AGENCY mal. Commercial, Musical, Domestic Science, Nurse U03 New York Avenue Washington, D. C. Training, Sewing, Printing and Tailoring. First Semester began Sept. 28th, 191G. For further information address See the Selected List on W. A. FOUNTAIN, President Books? the Back Cover BISHOP J. S. FLIPPER, Chairman Trustee Board.

Mention THE CRISIS 58 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER

III ME. BRIDGES' SCHOOL OF French Dressmaking, Ladies^ Tailoring and Millinery. Bridges System. Special Courses in Designing, Copying, Draping, A Christmas Gift? Making, Trimming, Finishing, Cutting and Fitting. Special reduction in tuition given to students en­ JUST PRESENT A YEAR'S SUBSCRIPTION TO tering in groups of three or more or to one student taking two or more consecutive courses. THE CRISIS AND IN THIS WAY WISH JOY Individual Instruction. A Bridges Diploma means TO YOUR FRIENDS—FOR JOY INDEED WILL IT something to you. BE! 448 E. 35th St. Chicago, 111.

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THE STENOGRAPHERS' INSTITUTE FIVE NEW PAID UP YEARLY SUBSCRIPTIONS 1. Short Courses in Typewriting TO THE CRISIS SENT AT ONE TIME WILL 2. Shorthand made as easy as A. B. C. 3. Brief Courses in Practical Book-keeping ENTITLE THE SENDER TO A YEAR'S SUBSCRIP­ We typewrite Letters, Postal Cards, Wills; fill i TION FREE. THIS OFFER HOLDS GOOD UNTIL Deeds and multigraph Circular Letters cheap. MIDNIGHT OF 4 JANUARJR, 1917. EDWARD T. DUNCAN, President 1227 SO, 17TH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE CRISIS CALENDAR FOR 1917 WILL BE A XEGRO BIOGRAPHY WITH JIVES AND The standard system easily PICTURES OF Twenty-four OF THE GREAT­ SHORTHAND mastered by our method. You write business letters the sixth lesson. Com­ EST MEN OF XEGRO BLOOD OF ALL TIME. plete course of 20 lessons. Pay for each croup when THE PRICE IS TWENTY-FIVE CENTS—the you are ready for them. Send $3.00_TODA'Y for VALUE IS BEYOND MEASURE—AND THE enrollment and first lessons. Get Started N( )W. Sample Lesson-—fifty cents. Pitmanic Institute. 4277 SUPPLY IS LIMITED! Cote Brilliante, St. Louis, Mo

SCIENCE MUSIC Mail Order Dealers TEACHERS MATHEMATICS Let the - SELL VALUABLE INSTRUCTION STANDARD TEACHERS' AGENCY - 4 1 - SYSTEMS BY CUT PRICE COU­ Established 1897 in PON UNDER MONEY BACK 1011 NEW YORK AVENUE WASHINGTON, D. C. GUARANTEE. BIG MARGIN. Coupon Plan SMALL SELLING-EXPENSE. COMPLETE PLAN, SAMPLE Domestic Science Teacher (a grad­ - Increase < COUPONS AND BAIMAIH BULLETIN SENT ON REQUEST. uate of Cheyney Institute, Cheyney, Your Profits MAIL DEALER'S COUPON SYSTEM Pa.) wishes a position as teacher or 621 80. Dearborn Street, Chicago matron. Address L. H., care of The Statement of the Ownership, Management, Etc., Required by the Act of Congress of August 21, 1912, Crisis, "O Fifth Avenue, New York of THE CRISIS. Published monthly at 70 Fifth Avenue, Xew York, N. Y., for October 1, 1916. City. State of New York 1 County of New York /ss- • Before me, a Notary Public in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared A. G. Dill, who, having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the Business Manager Adorn Your Home | of THE CRISIS, and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the WITH ownership, management, etc., of the aforesaid publi­ cation for the date shown in the above caption, re­ the New Picture of quired by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations: Publisher: The National Association for the Ad­ vancement of Colored People, 70 Fifth Avenue, New jesus christ York City. Editor: ^ W. E reproduced from description of Publius Lentulus : Burghardt DuBois, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York City. maire of Judea during Christ's time. Managing Editor: W. E. Burghardt DuBois, 70 The size of this picture is 714x9^4, mailed to ; Fifth Avenue, New York City. any part of United States or Canada on receipt ; Business Manager Augustus Granville Dill, 70 ot 10 Cents either in coin or postal stamps : Fifth Avenue, New York City. Owners: The National Association for the Ad­ M KEFFEL, 1873 2nd Ave., New York ! vancement of Colored People, a corporation with no stock. AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE \ Moorfield Story, President, Roy Nash, Secretary, Joel E. Spingarn, Chairman Board of Directors. Oswald Garrison Villard, Treasurer. ROLAND W. HAYES, Tenor Known bondholders, mortgagees and other security holders, holding 1 per cent or more of total amount RECITALS CONCERTS ORATORIO OPERA of bonds, mortgages or other securities: None. "An unusually good voice. The natural A. G. DILL. Business Manager. quality is beautiful. It is a luscious yet manly Sworn to and subscribed before me this -?9th day voice. Mr. Hayes sings freely and with good of September, 1916. taste."—Philip Hale, in the Boston Herald. EDWARD T. BRF.DEV. Notary Public. "A voice of unusual sweetness and calibre." (My commission expires 30th March, 1918.) —Chattanooga Times. Notary Public, Kings County, No. 81 New York County, No. 176 ADDRESS! 3 WARWICK ST.. BOSTON. MASS. New York Register, No. 8180

Mention THE CRISIS THE CRISIS Vol. 13—No. 2 DECEMBER, 1916 Whole No. 74 Editorial

THE ELECTION.

yE shall not see My face, except reform, and as a man of Peace. But * your brother be with you.— he was still the representative of the Genesis 43:3. southern Negro-hating oligarchy, and THE WORLD LAST MONTH acknowledged its leadership. Mr. THIS has been a distracting Hughes was the author of several of and unsatisfactory cam­ the best decisions in favor of the Ne­ paign, both to black and to gro that the reluctant Supreme Court white people. Few men has ever handed down. At the same could vote according to their con­ time, on specific Negro problems he sciences, because neither candidate was curiously dumb. White Chris­ represented their consciences. Mr. tians again at St. Louis, Mo., at­ Wilson was satisfactory as a reducer tacked the Negro problem, and, as of the tariff, a promoter of currency usual, surrendered. The Episcopal]- 60 THE CRISIS

ans started to put the Negroes out of ward Europe is generous, but firm. the church by giving them their own He says: "In Europe we have seen bishops—a logical and necessary step noble hearts who have ever stood up if the Church was not prepared for for the rights of man, irrespective of full interracial brotherhood. And it color and creed; who have braved is not. The Church ended by doing calumny and insult from their own practically nothing. If a southern people in fighting for humanity's bishop wants a Negro suffragan bish­ cause and raising their voices against op he can have him. But he does not the mad orgies of militarism, against want him and he is not likely to. the rage for brutal retaliation or ra­ In Haiti and Ireland, veiled tyranny pacity that sometimes takes posses­ and cruelty still persist. They have sion of a whole people; who are al­ killed six American soldiers in San ways ready to make reparation for Domingo; but the number of black wrongs done in the past by their own men who have been killed, and the nations, and vainly attempt to stem black women who have been tortured, the tide of cowardly injustice that is not counted in the dispatches. Ire­ flows unchecked because the resist­ land is again on the verge of rebel­ ance is weak and innocuous on the lion. The Great War finds Ger­ part of the injured. many frying to crush Roumania in "But, where Europe is too con­ the East, and still, with difficulty, sciously busy in building up her holding with England and France in power, defying her deeper nature and the West; while in Allied Japan a new mocking it, she is heaping up her war premier comes to power, Terau- iniquities to the sky, crying for God's chi. This means an unbending atti­ vengeance, and spreading the inflec­ tude toward China and America. tion of ugliness, physical and moral, Strikes go on. They were won when over the face of the earth with her American whites threatened the na­ heartless commerce heedlessly out­ tion ; they were lost when "dirty for­ raging man's sense of the beautiful eigners" rebelled at Bayonne. Mean­ and the good." time, Samuel Gompers is sizing up This is his answer when asked what the new Negro immigrants to the shall suffice for the healing of the North, and deciding how far the nations: "The great problem of man's unions can go in keeping them out. history has been the race problem. Cotton is high, and the southern Western civilization, particularly as Negro farmer is prosperous; but the exemplified in Germany, has been northern Negro laborer is paying war based upon exclusiveness. It has prices and rents in order to make war been watchful to keep so-called millionaires. With all this, it was 'alien' elements at arm's length; to fitting for Yale University to tell her minimize them; to exterminate them. history, in great pageantry. This attitude must change, if peace is TAGORE to come and endure upon the earth. rep^UI THE world in these days is We want 'a social unity within which Inlgl beginning to listen to a all the different peoples could be held H great, new voice represent- together, yet fully enjoying the free­ Eaaal ing the colored races and dom of maintaining their own differ­ speaking with the peculiar authority ences.' Unity in difference—as the of a Nobel prize man. Rabindranath river, now hurrying along between Tagore, the East Indian poet, and steep banks, now loitering over the knight of the British Empire, has re­ shallow meadow-reaches; now flecked cently addressed the students of Tokio with foam in its swift flow, now dap­ University, Japan. His attitude to­ pled with sunbeams in its smooth and EDITORIAL 61 level course; now lashed to fury by THE JOURNAL OF NEGRO HISTORY the howling winds, now dimpled by |R. CARTER G. WOODSON the gentle summer airs—still re­ and his associates have a mains the river, the one—so the right to feel proud of the stream of humanity, whether ex­ completion, with the cur­ pressing itself in a higher or a lower rent October number, of the first vol­ type, in white, or yellow, or black, or ume of The Journal of Negro History. red, or brown man; whether rushing It forms a volume of over 500 pages, torrent-like through the great ways containing 16 leading articles varying of modern commerce and industry, or from 7 to 26 pages. These articles sleeping in the backwaters of thought cover a wide range of subjects: 6 per­ and reflection, is one." tain to the history of free Negroes; 4 MUDDLE are on African and West Indian Ne­ ilOTHING can better illustrate gro history; 2 are biographical; 14 our meaning when we spoke are on miscellaneous subjects in poli­ last month of the need of tics and war; 178 pages are given to political education among documents, and 23 pages to book re­ colored people, than the attitude of views. The Journal already circu­ a few Negroes toward the political lates throughout the Americas, and in mission of the N. A. A. C. P. It Europe, Asia and Africa. It has goes without saying that this asso­ been placed in the leading colleges ciation is, and has been from the be­ and libraries, and yet, it has only ginning, a political organization, in 1000 subscribers. Surely, if the the best and broadest sense of that Negroes of the United States take term. It takes part in politics, and themselves seriously they will multi­ sees and knows no disgrace there­ ply this subscription list by at least from. It maintains that in any re­ ten in the next twelvemonth. public, except a dead one, there is no THE LYNCHING FUND greater mission for citizens and or­ CORRESPONDENT from ganizations of citizens than wise, Greenfield, Mass., no honest, determined political activity. doubt voices the thought It is manifestly the business of the of many of our friends N. A. A. C. P. to teach the Negroes when he asks in regard to lynching: of the United States these elementary "Do you really think it possible to truths in politics: (1) It is the first put a stop to such lawless actions duty of candidates for public office throughout the South?" and "In what to tell their constituents what they way do you think it can be done?" stand for. (2) It is the first duty of There are, indeed, many persons any person, black or white, to know who would be willing to help us raise the attitude of candidates on matters not $10,000, but $100,000, if they affecting his interests before he votes saw clearly a method of stopping for or against them. (3) Whenever lynchings. We may answer frankly any man is voting for a candidate that there is no royal road to social whose beliefs and intentions he does reform. The methods which we have not know, that voter not only acts in mind for the elimination of this the part of a fool, but he endangers savagery in the South are neither the very foundations of republican new, spectacular, nor sudden. They government. This Association pro­ are the old and well-worn paths of: poses, in every way possible, to make (1) Publicity; (2) The better admin­ candidates for public office declare istration of present laws; (3) Court before election their attitude toward actions in all possible instances; (4) the Negro and his needs. New legislation; (5) Federal' inter- 6'2 THE CRISIS ference. We place frankly our great­ local library board has the right to est reliance in publicity. We propose deny us the free use of the public to let the facts concerning lynching library?" be known. Today, they are not fully The Atlanta, Ga., Constitution pub­ known; they are partially sup­ lishes this extraordinary and matter- pressed; they are lied about and of-fact special dispatch from Macon, twisted. under the date of October 31 (the ital­ We propose, then, first of all, to let ics are ours) : "'Fearing that the gen­ the people of the United States, and eral unrest among the Negroes of the of the world, know WHAT is taking city and the efforts that are being put place. Then we shall try to convict forth on the part of the authorities to lynchers in the courts; we shall en­ keep them from being transportea deavor to get better sheriffs and from Macon to the North, may result pledged governors; we shall seek to in a riot which the city authorities push laws which will fix the responsi­ will not be able to cope with, Chief of bility for mob outbreaks, or for the Police, George S. Riley, today recom­ failure to suppress them; and we mended to the civil service commis­ shall ask the national government to sion that forty magazine rifles be pur­ take cognizance of this national chased for the police department. At crime. the present time the police only have their pistols and clubs. KEEP HIM IN HIS PLACE "Monday morning 1,000 Negroes |HE damnable- impertinence of congregated at the Southern railway those who would keep the depot expecting to leave for Michigan Negro a slave is so un­ in a special train. The police dis­ believable and persistent persed them, but had difficulty in that the facts must be continually re­ making several of them move on. iterated. A correspondent writes us Several arrests were made. It is said from Springfield, Mo.: "We are hav­ that a surliness now exists among a ing some trouble here concerning the certain class of the Negroes and the use of the public Carnegie library. police want to be able to cope with The Negroes have the privilege of any situation that may arise." drawing books but are not permitted Can you beat this calm defiance of to look through the stacks or use the the Thirteenth Amendment? reference rooms. We are forced to THE ARTFUL DODGER ask the librarian for the book which VASSAR COLLEGE has a we desire to draw and if the book we new president, Dr. H. N. wish is not available we must depend McCracken. He recently upon her to make a selection for us. wrote, in the New York We cannot use the reference room nor Times, to a critic: "You are reported can we draw reference books and in your remarks as having classed take them from the library. Conse­ Vassar with the so-called 'select quently the work of our High School schools.' The implications of this pupils is greatly handicapped as well phrase are unjust if applied to Vas­ as the work of older persons who de­ sar. I understand a 'select school' to sire to do research work. be a school which selects, or at least "We wish to know if there are any admits, only the children of certain provisions made by the Carnegie li­ classes of people, and prides itself brary board for Negroes when libra­ upon a certain aristocracy of clien­ ries are established. In short, we tele. This charge is wholly out of wish' to know if the librarian or the place with respect to Vassar." EDITORIAL 63

Thereupon the editor of THE CRISIS What I enjoy most? What fires my took it upon himself to address Dr. ambition to struggle on? Well, it is McCracken: "You say that 'this just this: The successes of other charge is wholly out of place with members of my race and what they respect to Vassar.' I write to ask if are doing in this United States. Vassar has changed its policy of re­ "And do you want to know what I fusing to admit students of Negro like least? Just such expressions as descent? I shall be very glad to these: 'The recent Irish revolt may know if this is true." have been foolish, but would to God In reply to this letter the following some of us had sense enough to be bit of noble and large-hearted evasion has been received from the presi­ fools!' The great Napoleon realized dent's secretary: "In reply to your after all that the use of force was not letter of October 24, to President the best way to achieve one's ends. McCracken, I beg to say that the That sort of a foundation is too question to which you refer has not weak; it cannot last. So is it not arisen during his administration." better to keep before our people ideas and thoughts of culture, refinement, A CARD service and love and in that way E were more touched than build our progress on a sure founda­ we can say by the beauti­ tion?" ful book that has just come No one wishes more than THE to us, with the autographs CRISIS that "culture, refinement, ser­ of all those who .attended the first vice and love" should triumph in the Amenia Conference as our guests last world; but we continually fear lest August, and we shall treasure it al­ ways as a memento of those whom easy-going young folk should loll in we are very proud and very happy to their parlors toasting their toes and call our friends. Will you tell them expect the horror of the world's how deeply grateful we are for their blood sacrifice to be accomplished by kind, more than kind words, and how someone else while they are practis­ the pleasure which we ourselves had ing "refinement and love." Terrible drawn from the conference was re­ as it may be, the awful fact faces the newed as we read what each friend colored races in this world: That no had written, as we tried to feel what human group has ever achieved free­ each of them had felt during those dom without being compelled to mur­ days and had mirrored in his soul? der thousands of members of other We wish you could tell all America, groups who were determined that too, how much it loses by cutting it­ they should be slaves. Let us hope self off from hearts so generous and and deeply pray that this may not so warm-hearted and from friends so happen in the case of colored folk; loyal and so good to possess. but at the same time let us set our Always cordially yours, faces grimly toward the fact, with ,. ( J. E. SPINGARN, unwinking eyes, that it may be neces­ (Signed)} AMY Spingarn sary. War is Hell, but there are things worse than Hell, as every "REFINEMENT AND LOVE" Negro knows. A COLORED girl writes us from Oswego, N. Y., say- ing: 'T'WO men looked out from their "Do you want to know prison bars— what I like best about THE CRISIS? The one saw mud, the other, stars. "BITS " A Christmas Story

By HELEN G. RICKS

HE feathery snowfiakes came hurrying "Mean it, or jes' kiddin'?" T down simply because it was the day be­ "Yes, dear, I do mean it. Tell me." fore Christmas and not because there was "It ain't so awful much to tell you 'bout any intention on their part to remain. It where we live, 'cause we ain't roomin' in any was late afternoon and the holiday bustle manshun. Bits an' Spatch an' me all sleeps had only partially subsided. on a cot in Mis' Barney's basement, an' we Pushing through the crowds at the rail­ gets our feed from Greeley's grocery when way station a young girl emerged, muffled we gets it. Spatch is jes' beany 'bout up to the ears in furs, with a girlish face weenies—swellest little poor dog you ever wreathed up to the eyes in smiles. It was seen. We ain't got no folks but jes' our­ very evident with her that Christmas was selves, an' Spatch. Somehow, though, Bits coming. At the gate entrance she inquired hits it off' with the papers—he's onto his about her train. The train was gone! To job all right. I'm littler than him an' stand there stupidly gazing at the official folks lots of time passes me up. We ain't who certainly was not responsible helped never had heaps, but we has alius been matters not at all. Of course, it meant a happy, 'cause Bits says it's the only way "wire" and a wait until next morning. To to top off things. He's sick, though, now— a girl who was bent on meeting a bunch of he jes' all to oncet took down an' they college friends at a house party Christmas bustled him off to the hospital. He looked morning, the laconic information concerning right spruce an' cleaned up in that white the means of her transportation came not bed when I went to see him, but say, he joyously. The tears which filled her brown was soma sick. They told me I could come eyes were definitely feminine. And then a back tonight, an' I wanted awful hard to little smile slipped out from somewhere and take him oranges 'cause tomorrer's Christ­ she proceeded to the Western Union office. mas. But you see, I'm down to six cents, less'n I sell out. Guess I wasn't a game She was pushing through the door lead­ thoroughbred, like when you saw me cryin'— ing out to the busy street when a little bet you Bits wouldn't a done it! My name's brown hand caught at her skirt. Rodney, but folks as knows me calls me "Evenin' Herald, Lady?" Pep, 'cause some days I hits it off right The girl looked down. spunky—specially when they're hot on—on Spatch's trail—he's one-eyed." "Why, little fellow, you're crying. I can't let you take my pet indulgence away With the ingeniousness of the small boy from me like that. Tell me about things, he related the history of himself, Bits and dear." And she brushed a perfectly good Spatch. And the girl understood. little tear out of the corner of her eye—the "Rodney, I'm going to buy you out and one that had refused to be chased when the we'll dispose of these Heralds someway. smile came. You lead the way because we must get these "It's—it's that I've just got to sell out oranges to Bits. May I go with you, please, tonight. It's—it's oranges for Bits." to see your brother?" By this time the ragged little coat-sleeve "Well, I should jes' bet you can! It ain't was serving wonderfully as a handkerchief. so far, but I spect' as how you'll better take "Come, come, little lad, stand over here the car. I'm only got six cents, but I'll out of the crowd. Somehow I don't under­ boost you up an' pop the conductor a half- stand. Who is Bits?" dime an' beat it faster than the car an' "Why, he's all I'm got—that's all." be waitin' for you." "Oh, I see! Can't you tell me more about "Thank you, dear, for wishing for me to him and your own little self? Maybe I can ride, but oh, I'd love to walk with you if I buy you out?" may." The childish face stared up into the girl's "Say, you are some great—know it?" with an incredulity that was not at all con­ And the look of gallant appreciation over­ cealed. spread the boy's face. fi4 "BITS" 66

"Maybe if you're this good for walkin'— Pardner! How's business? Sleep cold last maybe you wouldn't mind cuttin' over two night, Pep?" blocks with me. I promised Spatch that "Should say not! So warm, almost had he could go tonight." to hist the window!" "Certainly! Are you cold, dear?" The tail of Spatch wagged perilously near "Should say not—too excited!" the sack of oranges purposely concealed at They were reaching the quarter of the the foot of the bed. city very unfamiliar to the girl. Faith­ Bits smiled, and then his eyes fell on the fully she followed the little figure striding girl standing a little away from the bed. He along manfully with a bundle of "Evenin' turned towards Pep, and in a voice a trifle Heralds" tucked under one arm. weak and very much puzzled, exclaimed: " 'Lo, kids!" "Pep, who's the swell skirt? She with They had passed a bunch of little street you?" children. "She's some lady!" A smile followed his "That's my bunch. They was some star- words, absolutely appreciative. "She bought in'—huh? Wonderin' bout you, I guess." me out an' then come clear here jes' to Finally they had reached a tenement see you. Can't you shake? She's a—a house. friend of mine." "Can't ast you in, but I'll be right down In the course of a few minutes she was soon as I untie him. An'—an' shall I leave irrevocably taken into the partnership with these papers? She could use them for Bits, Pep and Spatch. After the neighbor­ kindlin'." hood news had been imparted and all pre­ liminaries completed, the oranges were pre­ "Oh, yes, by all means! I'll wait for you." sented. The smile from Bits more than In an incredibly short space of time a paid their real value. boy with a dog was retracing his steps down All too soon the nurse came to announce the street in company with the girl. the close of visiting hours. "Ain't he a dog fer you? Spatch is the "Pep, old feller, cover up good tonight. cut'off for 'Dispatch'—one of the old pa­ Give Pardner a weenie and please take pers. We're pardner s!" three of these oranges for yourself—tomor- His new friend smiled understandingly. rer's Christmas. Stick it out! I'll be back At the fruit stand they purchased the to the old job soon. They're bully to me oranges. here." "Say! but you're some lady. I'll bet Bits The girl bent over the little sick-a-bed will like you heaps. What made you good laddie. to me today?" "Bits, is there a single Christmas wish "Why, my dear! I just love all the little of yours that I could fulfill, dear? Please boys and girls of my race. I just wanted let me try." to help you if I could, just a little bit." "Mighty nice of you. I think you've done a heap now. But there is—is some­ They had now reached the hospital. The thing. It's the little kid there. I've heard girl, the small boy and the dog entered the about juvenile officers an' their doin's. building. It so happened that the lady vis­ Mebbe somebody could get a home for him. itor was not a stranger to the hospital force, He's a smart little chap, Miss, an' deserves consequently Spatch was graciously accorded a chance. When I get well I'd work to help a permit. for his keep. Could you get him in?" "How is the little lad, nurse?" "Yes, dear, I've been thinking of Rodney "The crisis came four nights ago—he all the way over here. Fortunately I know will recover. He's been waiting for his lit­ the very people to secure him a home. And tle brother—go right in." I have a friend who has charge of a settle­ The white hospital cot was near the win­ ment house, and I am going to take him dow and a shaft of light fell across the face there tonight so he won't be lonesome. It's which instantly became illumined with a warm there, and they'll be good to him— smile when Spatch and Pep uttered their they really would be happy to have him effusive greetings. come. Plenty of boys there, and games, and "Well, if here ain't the little kid and a Christmas tree. T'll be there myself for 66 THE CRISIS a while. Now, have a good sleep and don't "Ditto"—this last from Pep, and an ex­ worry about him. Spatch is going, too. hilarating bark from Spatch. Good-bye." "Rodney, this is Dr. Weston—our friend." As they turned to look back once more When they reached the ward, one bound at the door, a smile from Bits was follow­ and Pep was at the side of the bed. ing them. Outside Pep hesitated. "Know me, Bits? Some looker, ain't I? "Look here, I've lied—yes, I've told a Had one spludge las' night—too big almost ripper! I was freezin' cold last night—I to talk about. She done it all. She's an an­ give the blanket to my Pardner here." gel! Now, hold your breath while I tell you "I understand, laddie. Tomorrow is the biggest ever! She's found a home for Christmas. We're going down town on this you, an' me, an' Spatch, an' we're goin' to car and I'm going to fit you out in some school, an'—an' she means it!" real warm clothing for your Christmas pres­ The "Christmas Angel" and the doctor ent, Rodney. And then tonight you, and came nearer the bed. Professionally he Spatch, and I, are going to the settlement reached for the pulse and all the friendli­ house. There, other little colored children ness possible was in his greeting. are having a Christmas tree, and games, "Well, little friend, I'm in the partner­ and fun! And there isn't going to be any ship, too, and we're going to get you well more paper selling for you, or Bits, but in ten days!" you're going to have a real home and a Bits smiled first at one and then at the chance to go to school. I have friends who other appreciatively. will help me. Are you willing, dear?" "You two don't know how I thank you Two little cold hands ecstaticly clasped for myself an' the kid! I can't tell you. themselves over one of the girl's, and two Just give us the chance—we'll prove up little tears of joy made two little tracks on the claim!" Determination and gratitude his childish brown face. were in his face. "I guess you're the 'Christmas Angel' "I'm glad if you're pleased, Bits. You I heard 'bout oncet. Gee! but you're touch- are both going to be my little brothers, and in'!" Spatch here (at this opportune moment The happiness that reigned in his little there was an appreciative tail-wag) is go­ heart that Christmas eve is not to be de­ ing to be our mascot. I must hurry now scribed in words. Pep appreciated. to catch the train, for I'm going away for On Christmas morning a car stopped out­ three days. Dr. Weston is going to give side the settlement house and the girl Rodney a 'big day,' and I think he has a to bounded out return leading a small boy, surprise for Bits. Good-bye, dear!" refreshed and happy and followed by a one- eyed canine disciple. There was a kiss left on the warm fore­ head. A little hand shot out from the All arrangements had been made and both covering. boys were to be located in a private home with a fair chance. A young doctor, the "You're the best Christmas I ever had! very dearest friend of the girl's, had con­ I—I just wish I could whisper to you, some sented to look after her charges in her thin'—" holiday absence. It was he who opened the The girl bent down. Two arms went door of the car as they approached. around her neck, two words from a little "Good morning, little chap! Merry heart filled with gratitude slipped out— Christmas!" "Merry Christmas!"

CHRIST-MOTHER

STAR-DUST drifting from above Ghost Mother of the Time and Tide O On fairy moonbeams, sunshine shod, To me and faerie Thou art Life. Dim davghter of the lips of God To me and angels—Thou art Love. 0 Love and Life, 0 Wrack and Ruth— Soft sentry on the path to Hell, 0 earth-kissed raining joy, and rife High Heaven's trumpet winding well, With all still wonders that abide; Dear death's destruction Thou art Truth. ANTHONY CRAWFORD

A NTHONY CRAW- FORD, a colored farmer, of Abbeville, S. C, owned 427 acres of the best cotton land in the county. He had raised a family of six­ teen children, was re­ puted to be worth $20,000, and had al­ ways been a law abid­ ing, self-respecting cit­ izen. On October 21, he came to Abbeville, and went to the store of W. D. Barksdale, to thrown wounded into jail. A few hours sell a load of cotton seed. The .two men later, fearing that the sheriff would re­ quarrelled about the price, although no blow move him secretly, the mob dragged his was struck by either one. Crawford was wounded body forth, jumped on it, and mu­ arrested by a local policeman and a crowd of tilated it, and finally hanged and shot it. idlers from the square, pictured below, They then warned his family to leave the rushed to give him a whipping for his "im­ county by November 15. pudence." He promptly knocked down the A full account of this lynching as investi­ ringleader with a hammer. The mob set gated by Roy Nash, Secretary of the N. A. upon him and nearly killed him. He was A. C. P., will appear shortly.

PUBLIC SQUARE, ABBEVILLE. 67 THE FIRST STONE

By JOSEPH LYNDEL BOWLER

VER since heroines E in r e c o g nizably human shape have made their appearance on this planet they have been shuffled into ac­ cepted molds cunningly devised to exclude all except types of one so­ cial group. Their eyes must be blue or brown, their cheeks crimson, their hair blond or brunette with curling, rich waves, and their form as comely and as irresistible as that of Venus, never fat nor too plump. But in mo­ tion pictures of life, in the great dramas of the soul, the women of he­ roic mold who tame, wild, conquering fate, and lift the world to higher strata, are hero­ ines. There are no bar­ riers. Can the passion of prejudice stifle the throbbing vision of the soul? Can physical from Chicago and returned home a full or moral force stop the eternal wail of the fledged artist; yes, kind friends, a colored ocean? Cressid, Desdemona and Jessica are artist, who could paint landscapes; who emphatic in negative assertion. loved nature and revelled in raptures over The reel this evening is the ten million the billowy emerald meadows, the gold of the soul mystery (with apologies to Tannhau- harvest fields, the cloud cities, the thrill of ser), for it cannot be measured in dollars the meadow lark, the bee bearing its cargo and cents. It signifies a deeper meaning of perfume and flapping its awkward way than dross; it is the mystery of caste. The along ambient bends of grass and mottled scenario was arranged by fate, and the flowers, the cotton, foamy and white; all drama is staged in the great Southland of these whispered messages of love to her America. soul. She painted Nature; she loved it, but Dwarfed in the little prison of defeated she was not glad. ambition our heroine, Ernestine Rawls, steps She was forbidden to love it. Man-made forth—a wonderful shock of dark brown laws attempted to narrow and dwarf the hair, bright, laughing, hazel eyes sheltered spirit; but her dream vista only widened by long lashes, bewitching and fiery. In and mounted to the vast reaches of heaven fact, she has all the virtues of the ordinary and tore its way through the languid cur­ heroine, except that her skin is brown and rents of oppression. she is a Negro. She has reached the envi­ Lexington, Ark., was a little town of fif­ able age of twenty. Her strong mouth, yet teen thousand people. Nothing was different most delicate, the symmetry of the curves of in this town from hundreds of other towns her neck and shoulders, make her beautiful. in the great Southland. For eighty years Interesting she is also; of a truth, unfailing­ it had been the same size. The business ly interesting. She was recently graduated district was arrayed around the country 68 THE FIRST STONE 09 i'6urt house; the band played every Satur­ in each of their young lives. Seventeen years day evening; the farmers came in every before they sheepishly mot each other with week and swapped corn for produce. Money greetings of blushes and they remained in­ was scarce and trading consisted largely separable. They had dreamed vague dreams in barter. Life in this place was like a flat of the future together. Some were never to color wash—prosaic, dull and blue, needing be crystalized into reality; some dreams had here and there a brush or an extra touch become fact; some were meaningless and of romance to make it obtrusive. The col­ the only value to them was the joy of dream­ ored people here were in the majority, but ing. They inveigled memories of the day were mere cattle socially. They were not when the darts of Cupid had fertilized and permitted to ride in the town omnibus from blossomed into fruitage; when the meaning the depot; they were required to raise their of love could not be explained by mortal or hats on entering any of the public buildings, angelic tongue and they had often sat it out while members of the dominant race kept with sighs and sighs. And she had said theirs glued to their heads; they were com­ "yes." The love of the bare-foot, bare-head pelled to be indoors at ten in the evening; a dusty stage of life deepened with years, certain sequestered district was allotted for more perfect, more powerful, more definite. their living; merely one hundred were per­ Now just a space of two days intervened; mitted to vote. However, they went to the the space of eternity; the long, long mo­ same post office and the same court house to ments and the vastness of the seconds pay their taxes. They became so accus­ lagged slowly on. The wedding march, the tomed to insults which the humdrum of life minister, the rice and the particulars of con­ placed upon them and so inured to the bar­ vention overshadowed them. It was the riers of race that they took for granted the same old story, Mr. Reader, Miss Critic, Mr. fact of their oppression and said nothing. Good Man, the same old familiar passion Now, dear friends, our hero, Samuel Price, that burned your soul and was not con­ one of the fortunate youngsters of Lexing­ sumed ; that sent its current up your spine to ton, whose grandfather had saved his pen­ your hair tips, and you revelled in dreams nies in slavery, and whose father, through and dreamed sweet dreams. Yet they were years of sacrifice had accumulated a modest colored—but they had souls. fortune, had returned home from Wiscon­ John Clark, the District Attorney of Bar­ sin with his master's degree. Ten years ago ton County, saw a chance to enlarge his when he left this town he was a tow-headed power. He wanted to be mayor. He made boy; now he was a man: tall, cultured, re­ a brilliant campaign and placed in his plat­ fined, but a Negro still. form for election a plank specifically de­ The insult of caste unnerved him at first. nouncing the Negro, although there was no He was in a new world and he could not apparent cause. But politics will be politics, explain it. Everything had a deeper and and Clark wanted office. He pointed to the sadder meaning. He revolted against the fact that some "niggers" had come to town whole Southern attitude. He thought of the and were riding around in seven-passenger Southland as the blissful Eden of his heart cars; that soon the others would become where the love and laughter of the skies, the haughty; that if elected he would place the sunset and the dew melted into a blazing license tax so high for them that there would promised land. He thought that the ignor­ be no joy-riding by "niggers" in Lexington. ance of his people was the cause of discrim­ He also declared that a new "nigger" had ination; that oppression could be driven to entered competition with the omnibus line its lair and the brave and strong might enter and was hauling "niggers" from the depot the heart and soul of those dear sweet in a finer conveyance than the town could Southern plains. But this was a dream— afford the dominant race. This struck a the mastodon had grown too large, too au­ tender cord and the power of giant preju­ dacious, too powerful. To refuse to submit dice began to wax strong. For prejudice is to its canons meant violence, perhaps death. the vilest form of ignorance. He had glimpses of the mighty movement of A Lexington paper, through its "Public existence, incessant and inevitable; but the Opinion" columns, began anonymous attaeks realities of his visions were dulled and his upon Clark's candidacy. It ridiculed his dreams were impractical. stand on the Child-labor Law and showed ONE MOMENT, PLEASE, TO CHANGE KEELS the voters that he was working boys and The acquaintance of this pair began early girls of ten and twelve. Pointed questions 70 THE CRISIS were put to him concerning his stand on pro­ Appearances are very deceptive; the im­ hibition, the direct election of Senators, ages on the retina are often imperfect. Price Woman Suffrage and other modern issues. and Earnestine apparently were ensconced These attacks uncovered his past life and in a corner of her spacious home, talking. showed that he opposed any legislation that Occasionally their hands would touch, but would benefit all the people. His platform such collisions, sweet and gentle, help God to was literally demolished. Blakemore, the perform the miracles of souls. Really, they opposing candidate, made capital of these were walking in gardens of flowers flecked attacks and began a thorough investigation with brilliants near a great grove of orchids of his private affairs. For the first time where birds were chirping and the heavenly since the war Lexington began talking poli­ choir consisting of nymphs were crooning tics. The bands, the campaign meetings, lullabies to the accompaniment of an orches­ filled with half drunken men who were bar­ tra composed of Beethoven and Wagner and tered for cigars and dollar bills and the pre­ Bach. Yet I would have sworn they were election promises, awoke the sleepy town, talking in a parlor. while politicians with cigars in the corners A little boy ran in breathlessly, yelling of their mouths held up impatient farmers. with all his might, "Mr. Price! Mr. Price! Clark rushed into the newspaper office at Deys blowed up de garage. Old Clark is the end of a hot day, pulling his hair and comin'!" offering to bribe the editor if he would re­ Price reached for his gun, bolted the door fuse to run this matter in his "Public Opin­ and turned out the light, but he was too ion" columns, but his offers were refused. A late. The front door fell in and an army of brooding sense of social unfairness unbal­ men rushed upon him. Some one pressed anced his brain and the desire to eliminate the button and flooded the room with light. all opposition was not corrected by the nor­ Price stood before them with a gun pointing mal powers of inhibition. defiantly. They ran back. A shot from the outside tore a picture, then several shots "Who in the devil is this fellow sending were exchanged, and Price lay in a swoon. in this stuff?" he shrieked. The click of the His helpless form was rushed to the veran­ typewriters stopped and every one from cub da. Wild frenzy swayed their craven emo­ to the editor professed his ignorance. The tions. only information that he could receive was Earnestine screamed and ran to the aid that the letter had come from Lexington. of her lover. Falling prostrate on his shoul­ Smarting under the influence of his wrath ders, she raised her head; her eyes met he went directly to the post office and of­ those blue drunken eyes of Clark. She felt fered the postmaster a reward to find the a numb sense of familiarity; he staggered culprit. The emotion which prompted this and stared dumbly. She pleaded with him impulse was primitive; it was only a chance. and they jeered. She said things she wanted He gave the postmaster the letter containing them to know; things that were etched in the last attack, and swung out of the old her fleshy heart; things that burned, but dirty room shaking his fist violently in the were true; that Clark was her father; that air. his treatment of- her mother was cruel, and It was not long after that a letter dropped that he had by means of gold held back the in the box and the man behind the cage inevitable from the sensitive ears of the caught it just as it had fallen into the re­ world. Clark clinched his fists, and would ceptacle. He looked out and saw a little have struck her, but fragile femininity chal­ colored boy. lenged the blow. He was ruined. The mob "Sonny! Sonny!" he exclaimed. The boy began to listen; finally they became silent halted. and one by one they slunk away. Soon the "Sir?" bleeding form of Price and Earnestine were "Who gave you this letter? Don't lie to alone. She dragged him back into the house me!" with all the remaining strength she had; The frightened youth stretched himself. then she crumpled in a storm of tears. "I—I don—n—no A—a—man in the That night a wounded Negro and his be­ big automobile down yonder." trothed were on the train bound for the "What. That 'nigger' Price?" North, God knows where. "Ye—s—s—sir, Mr. Jones." "It was lucky," he sighed painfully. FIFTY YEARS IN LOUISIANA 71

She assented. But what they thought as not say. Yet the insult of caste had be«n the moon tinged their faces with its metallic challenged and the first stone in Lexington white glow, what was in their souls, I can­ had been thrown. THE FORETREKKERS

By ALICE WERNER

ARK! He comes with crack of whip "This has come and that has come with H and jingling harness-chains; noise and blood and flame, Up the hill his oxen toil with the loaded Wrestling, tearing, trampling down—all of wains. them the same. He is bearded, big and broad, and the folk Whence they come and what they seek, who flee striving thus and thus, To the hill-tops, watching him, murmur, How know we, who only wait?—Who shall "Who is he?" care for us?"

This is he who built the waste when Eng­ Still the dark-faced people stand, waiting land knew it not; for the day, Heavy is his strong right hand when his While around them battles crash and king­ anger's hot. doms pass away. Wrestling with an iron land hath left him Mighty men, with children's hearts, such as gaunt and grim— God makes wise, Leave the good and ill he did to God that With the deeps of life and death in their judgeth him! smiling, patient eyes.

Who comes here with beat of drum and This will pass and that will pass—wrath clash of brazen bands? and greed and guile. Many men they follow him out of many Theirs the victory who wait; patience yet lands; awhile! All the tribes who hear his voice shouting One shall come without a mask—never need from Malmani, the people ask Wondering ask, with hand to lip: "Lowo' When he leads them to the task—"Lowo 'mlungu bani?" 'mlungu bani?"

This the Empire-Builder is, who paints the Wait for him who comes to serve, seeking map in red— not to reign! (You'll know what that is, my sons, when In the dawn when we discern how our all is done and said!) dreams were vain— He will tell you gold is more than loyal Pomp and pride are shadows all that base­ hearts and true— less fade and flee. Wait awhile, my people, yet—he's not the Truest truth the words that One said in man for you— Galilee. FIFTY YEARS IN LOUISIANA Views of a Northern White Settler in the South

By JOHN PAUL BALDWIN

N 1867, our family moved from northern in Louisiana a place for both white and col­ I Ohio to Louisiana, and bought the old ored folk; and we now look at our progress sugar plantation where the town of Baldwin here as the best for the two races. now stands. The next plantation had just There were some fine white people, with been secured by the Freedman's Aid Society, European ideas, living in Louisiana in early and is now the home of the Gilbert Indus­ days; it was luxury for a few, and labor for trial College, under the management of many. Then came the industrious aliens, Professor Reynolds. Thus was established from our own Eastern States, and the "car- 72 THE CRISIS petbaggers," of course! No wonder we were greatly advanced views of what the colored looked upon as aliens when we began to sell man should be." land to colored people at the close of the Let me add that this Father Baldwin was Civil War. The so called chain lions waited already the founder of Baldwin College, at on us one night, and we were so frightened Berea, O., the pioneer at Baldwin, Kan., and that we returned to Ohio. But later, the a patron of Baker University, when he better class of white people in Louisiana came to Louisiana and began devoting his gave us to understand that we would not be efforts to the uplifting of the colored race. disturbed if we returned to Louisiana. So Pardon this mention of Father Baldwin; it we went back and took up our work, as you is done to show the character of the man colored people must do to-day. We cared who gave his talents to the cause of colored little for politics. In those days, Recon­ people, after losing his most beloved son in struction time, my grandfather was impor­ Kansas by the exposures of the pioneer life. tuned to pay $25 for a political barbecue. The Civil War devastated Louisiana. The He announced that he was neither Republi- armies left only a few grains of corn scat-

THE "BIG HOUSE" OF THE BALDWIN PLANTATION; NOW A NEGRO SCHOOL, can nor Democrat, but a Prohibitionist. tered on the ground for food. We found the His stump speech was so novel that he was colored people in need and without work. applauded, and our political troubles passed There was rich soil, but we were not farm­ away. A southern lady, the widow of our ers; just plain business men, and this is how sheriff at that time, is now one of our we succeeded: the old slaves knew how to friends, and she has said of my grandfather: raise sugar cane and cotton. We divided the "In those uncertain times, Father Baldwin land among them, first as tenants, and then separated himself from the others, who we sold each family a house, in the old quar­ came to the South and exploited the colored ters, that could be moved off to a separate people for political purposes. He was a little farm. Thus a slave was made an in­ benefactor, a humanitarian, and he held dependent farmer, himself and family home- THE OUTER POCKET 73 builders; and it frequently occurred that old churches and societies and Gilbert Industrial couples, from slavery time, would have legal College. We stand for temperance, honesty weddings, with bridal veil, wedding cake in business, and the white people think, well and a church reception. of our town as a place to live. The colored people brought the sugar , We have saw mills, railroad and steam cane and cotton to our sugar house and pre­ service, a third-class post office, and a bank. pared them for market. We furnished the The colored people arc encouraged to have land and the factory, and taught them how bank accounts. There is enough forbear­ to run the machinery. We kept the ac­ ance, one race for the other, to accomplish counts, sold the products, and gave them this working condition, and both races are two-thirds of the crop, or net proceeds. better off by this co-operation in business. More than a hundred of these men became Never mind about politics in the South. tenants and then land owners. You were never treated as badly as the Bel­ The share crops became too numerous to gians have been treated by the Germans. be kept separate at the factory, and in 1878 Be industrious, own your homes and farms, we rebuilt our factory. We made white and be taxpayers; read the papers and sugar, weighed the cane and the cotton as it know more of public questions. Years ago came into the factory, and credited each the Federal government had its white tents man at the scales; but the profit sharing and a few soldiers by the voting booth, and system is still working at Baldwin. This you voted, but you were hardly ready for factory was the first in Louisiana to work the ballot. Designing white men influenced on the central factory plan of separating you, and bad laws were made. The white the work in the field from the factory, mak­ property holders and taxpayers of Louisiana ing it possible for the small farmer to raise had to protest, and you lost the ballot. You sugar cane. This economic plan has now had the opportunity to vote, but did not spread to other parts of Louisiana, and has know the responsibility of voting. But look proven one of the best plans of meeting the at another side of the question, and see what world's competition in sugar prices. you have gained. The old plantation bell The old slaves have spent their last years that swung at the head of the quarters, in as free men with their families, and they slavery time, now swings on the colored have not been driven away from their prop­ Baptist clurch. It calls together willing erty, as in Georgia. They no longer wear a hearts now. You have the great, natural discarded army overcoat, and pasture their resources of the soil and the climate by ponies where the armies passed. The which you can live and send your children younger man now gets his suit of clothes to school. The land is waiting for you at from Chicago, and rides in the steam car. easy payments; your property rights will be The question of social equality has never respected. Gilbert Industrial College is here given us trouble. The natural difference for your children, and it points to the arts between the white and colored people has and industries, and the higher life. The caused a natural division of the races, the expenses are reasonable; you can partially white people preferring their churches and support yourself while at school. You societies the same as different nationalities young colored people should consider this divide in other parts of the world. They opportunity. If you do not, others will. are now centering in one part of the city The people of the West are looking toward where there is a large church and white the South, and they will take up this land school. The colored people are moving before long, and you will not know where toward other parts, where they have to go. The Outer Pocket I AM glad to report to you that the make mention of this incident, which I did, "Birth of a Nation" has been removed and he expressed himself very strongly in from our club houses in the Canal Zone. At opposition to having anything in our build­ a meeting of the Senior Secretaries, in New ings which reflected unfavorably upon any York, yesterday, Dr. Mott asked me to group of men. He called upon our Cabinet THE CRISIS of Senior Secretaries for their approval or but surely awaken the spirit of justice in disapproval of the position which he had both the wrongdoer and the indifferent ex- taken in full agreement with my position cuser. against 'this film. Every man stood with ALONZO C. THAYER. us and other things were mentioned. The Winona, Minn. "Yellow Menace" film, which is very objec­ tionable to the Chinese, was mentioned and I might as well tell you now that if I we were all asked to keep our eyes open had to express my opinion of the CRISIS in with respect to these objectionable films. vote or otherwise I should express it as Of course, you will understand that Inter­ being highly gratified—not that everything national Secretaries can only advise unless in the CRISIS pleases me, but because of the it may be in some places where the work high character of the work. I know you is directly under our charge, as it is on the are not an angel, therefore, you cannot Canal Zone. please me with everything. J. E. MOORLAND. GEORGE W. COOK. Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C.

By the rearrangement of your pages you May I add that although in every number please us very much. You inspire and guide of the CRISIS I read much that hurts me so by your short, lucid, potent editorials which that I almost dread to take up the next you wisely put on your first pages. You number, yet I believe in it, approve of it tell long stories by the illustrations and you and enjoy especially the beautiful pictures very properly multiply them. You relate and the accounts of the remarkable achieve­ the wrongs we suffer and you fitly put them ments of many members of the colored race. on the last pages since the memory of them cannot "add one cubit to our stature." It is doubtless good that I should be hurt —it is the share which any white person GEORGE 0. MARSHALL. ought to bear for the injustice which the New York City. colored races constantly endure from us. The colored people in Oakland, some of In the last issue of the CRISIS I notice to whom I know well, are an exceptionally my unpleasant surprise that you are becom­ competent, self-respecting set of citizens ing discouraged with the idea of pageantry measured by the highest standards. as given in New York, Washington and MARY ROBERTS COOLIDGE. Philadelphia because of some unjust and un­ Berkeley, Cal. grounded criticism and what appears to be non-appreciation on the part of some of our would be leaders. Permit a member of the Anglo-Saxon race Now, Dr. DuBois, I have witnessed the to say that your magazine and management performance, not only witnessed the drama, is most inconsistent. but taken part in it and I speak from ex­ You and a lot of other darkies get up on perience and observation. I know the good your hind legs and roar like the jackasses accomplished by this drama. The classes that you are about the "Birth of a Nation" of people you touched through this medium which tells the truth and yet, you print a you could not touch by any other means. story in your magazine about a Negro who DAVID D. MATTOCKS. had brains enough to get riels [sic] but not New York City. enough to keep out of jail. If a white man, or a darky either, for that matter, should So often before there was the CRISIS I make a "movie" prove that you would prob­ felt as I now do and wanted to express my­ ably howl, or rather brag. self, but feared I would trip in my presen­ Myers is right. Even educated yellow tation of the facts, but through following Negroes, like DuBois, are simply children you with heart and soul I gained the nerve and simple ones at that. He and the rest and I have not lost a case yet. These little of the crew ought to be South with masters daily, weekly, monthly arguments with men to look out for them as nature intended. who think they know only to admit their LATHAM WOODBERRY. wrong finally are things that will slowly Princeton, N. J Men of the Month

A PHYSICIAN celebrated family of Abolitionists, and was AARON McDUFFIE MOORE was born an artist by profession. Gradually, how­ in Columbus County, N. C, December ever, her interest in humanity and particu­ 6, 1863. He entered Shaw University, in larly in the Negro race claimed all her Raleigh, in 1884, and was graduated from energies. its medical department, finishing the four A SOCIAL WORKER years' course in medicine in three years, and THOMAS E. TAYLOR, the new secre- standing second in a class of forty-two stu­ ' tary of the Colored Men's Branch of dents when examined by the State Board. the Y. M. C. A., in New York City, is a Ca­ He began his practise of medicine in Dur­ nadian by birth. He studied at the Public ham. Collegiate Institute and Business University Aside from the practise of medicine, Dr. in London, Canada. For eight years he was Moore has been a potent factor in the devel­ associated with his father in the barbering opment of a number of race enterprises, business, and for six and one-half years he chief among which are the North Carolina was an employee of the Canadian Postal Mutual and Provident Association, of which Service. He resigned this position to enter he is the secretary and the treasurer; he is the Y. M. C. A. movement as secretary of its Branch in Indianapolis, Ind., where he a trustee of Shaw University, the North has been successfully acting in this capacity Carolina Reform School, and the Colored for the last eleven years. Orphan Asylum; a director of the Mechan­ ics and Farmers Bank; the superintendent AN ORGANIZER OF BOY SCOUTS of Lincoln Hospital Nurse Training School, PV R. W. M. FOWLER, a colored physician and the secretary and the treasurer of the in Los Angeles, Cal., is the organizer Rural School Extension Department of the of the Colored Boy Scouts of that city. The North Carolina State Teachers' Association. movement has a membership of sixty-two boys, ranging from twelve to fifteen years A TEACHER of age, and is chartered by the State and \F ISS HARRIETTE L. SMITH, one of recognized by the Scouts of America. the few colored teachers in the Dr. Fowler was born in Atlanta, Ga., schools of Boston, Mass., died in that city May, 1882. His family moved to Los An­ last June. She was the youngest daughter geles, Cal., where he received his schooling, of the late John J. Smith. finishing the study of osteopathy in June, Miss Smith was a graduate of the Bow- 1915, at the California Osteopathic College. doin Grammar School, the Girls' High A USEFUL WOMAN School and the Boston Normal School. A/fRS. N. F. MOSSELL is the wife of Dr. From the time she was graduated from the N. F. Mossell, the founder of the Boston Normal School and until her death, Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and she was a teacher in the Bowdoin School. Training School, in Philadelphia, Pa., which Her influence in the community was strong was incorporated in 1896. Through Mrs. and far-reaching. She was keenly inter­ Mossell's efforts over $15,000 has been ested in matters affecting her race, and was added to the treasury of this institution. a staunch admirer of the N. A. A. C. P. Among the well-known philanthropists she from its beginning. has succeeded in interesting in this work A STRONG WOMAN are Andrew Carnegie, Henry Phipps, Miss NPHE late May Hallowell Loud, of Bos- Grace Dodge, Isaac Seligman, Mrs. Henry ton, Mass., was one of the strongest Villard and John Converse. members of the Board of Directors of the Mrs. Mossell is also an author and has N. A. A. C. P. The Boston Branch has published "The Work of the Afro-American published an excellent biography and me­ Woman." morial, in pamphlet form, edited by Mr. OUT OF THE PAST B. R. Wilson. T7 OR many years Cassar Grant was a pic- Mrs. Loud was born in 1860, and died turesque figure in Winchester, Va. He early in 1916. She was descended from a was Virginia bred and born, and was never

75 THE LATE MISS H. L. SMITH. MRS. N. F. MOSSELL. THE LATE MRS. M. H. LOUD. CAESAR GRANT. T. E. TAYLOR. DR. A. M. MOORE. DR. W. M. FOWLER. SHADOWS OF LIGHT 77 seen without his red bandanna—that relic always refused to be photographed, but our of the turbaned East. Many folks were en­ correspondent secured' this picture over tertained by his queer, wise sayings. He twenty years ago. Shadows of Light Courtes y o f Christian Science Monitor. BONI , AN D LOCATE I N "MACE O PARK. " "BRONZ E TITAN, " A S H WA CALLED , I COMMEMORATE D B Y BRONZ AN MARBL STATUE DON DOMINIC O UNVEILIN G O F TH E STATU ANTONI MACEO , COLORE D LIBERATO R CUBA MA Y 20 1916 A T HAVANA . CHRISTMAS IN < Inasmuch as ye did it unto the least of these, My brethren, ye did it unto Me.

RGIA, A. D., 1916 80 THE CRISIS

JACK BOND, OF SELMA, ALA., SIX YEARS OLD, WHO SELLS OVER 60 COPIES OF "THE CRISIS;'' CHAPLAIN SCOTT OF THE 10TH CAVALRY, AND CHAPLAIN GLADDEN, OF THE 24TH INFANTRY, U. S. A.; ATHLETIC CARNIVAL OF THE 25TH INFANTRY, AND OTHER WHITE REGIMENTS IN HONOLULU, WITH MILLS, OF COMPANY F, WINNING THE 220 YARDS DASH. The Looking Glass

LITERATURE thing to dance. He loves it and gets much FROM "Chicago Poems," by Carl Sand­ joy out of his easy and graceful, if some­ burg: what heavy, mode of movement, and so from "I am the nigger, the black we have learned what little under­ Singer of songs, lying grace and naturalness of movement we Dancer . . . possess.' " Softer than fluff of cotton . . . The Minneapolis, Minn., Tribune says: Harder than dark earth "According to advices from Italy, that Roads beaten in the sun traditional land of song is throbbing to the By the bare feet of slaves." accents of a song by an American Negro R. G. Lehmann, in Indian Ink: who has probably never set foot on Italian For an English soldier and an Indian soil. Harry T. Burleigh's 'The Young War- soldier buried together in France: rier,' in its Italian guise as 'II Giovane "When the fierce bugle thrilled alarm, Guerriero,' is today sung all over Italy. From lands apart these fighters came, Maestro Riccardo Zandoina, the foremost of An equal courage nerved each arm, the younger Italian school, and the composer And stirred each generous heart to flame. of 'Conchita' and 'Francesca da Rimini' (to be performed at the Metropolitan Opera "Now, greatly dead, they lie below; House next season), has orchestrated the Their creed or language no man heeds, song, and dedicated the score to his Ameri­ Since for their color they can show can colleague. This is high honor for a The bl od-red blazon of their deeds!" Negro boy from Erie, Pa. 'The Young War­ We are reminded that an Indian, Lajpat rior' is not to be classed with 'Tipperary,' Rai, has just issued in Calcutta an interest­ which is of a pretty cheap order. Burleigh's ing book of over 400 pages on "The United song is the product of a fine musicianly im­ States of America." Over one-fourth of the agination, a talent not of mushroom growth, book is devoted to a sympathetic and dis­ but of thorough artistic development. When criminating discussion of the Negro problem. Amato sang the song at the Biltmore, in He says that: "Christian writers, who dare New York City, for an Allied benefit, it not raise their voice against the color line in proved to be the sensation of the evening. the U. S. A. have no hesitation in sitting in "Burleigh has been producing and pub­ judgment on Hindus, and denouncing them lishing music of high quality for years. He and their religious system for the institution has written many songs, some of them of of caste." The book is well-worth owning racial significance, some of universal inter­ and may be ordered at THE CRISIS office. est, but all of intrinsic musical value and We acknowledge the receipt of Dr. Matil­ genuine appeal." da A. Evans's excellent little biography of TWO HEROES "Martha Schofield" (126 pages). Also, ' I ' HE Long Inlander, Huntington, L. L, "Five Generations Hence," by Mrs. Lillian says: B. Jones, of Fort Worth, Tex., and the Rev. "The brave act of the colored man, Hew­ J. W. Norris, "The Ethiopian's Place in His­ lett Edwards, -who gave up his life in try­ tory." ing to save others as he endeavored to stop NEGRO ART a team of runaway horses on Main Street, THE Chicago, 111., Examiner says: Decoration Day, is as worthy of high com­ "Ruth St. Denis, who comes to the mendation as that of the soldier who Palace Music Hall this week in a new dance bravely marches forth to battle and lays pageant, is a young woman who has studied down his life that his country might live. out her own theory of bodily rhythm and "It was said that an attempt was made expression, and follows her own conclusions to dissuade Edwards from performing the without reference to any school of Terpsi­ act, but he said he might save some one chore. from being run over in the crowded streets " 'The Negro is our real dancing teacher,' as he rushed forward to stop the team. she says. 'To him it is a vital and necessary "The attempt may have been a rash one,

81 82 THE CRISIS

but a hero seldom stops to count the cost to will be nothing left for the whites to do but himself when he sees others in peril. It was to go to work. Anyone who can imagine a an appropriate Memorial Day deed, and we greater hardship than this, has some imag­ trust that his grave will be decked in the ination. future along with those of the other fallen "Before the Civil War, when a southern heroes. gentleman desired to use the last word in sidewalk diplomacy, deliver an ultimatum, "And what is more important, generous as it were, he called his gentleman oppo­ help should be given to his widow and her nent 'a nigger thief.' Then southern chiv­ children as she is a worthy, hard-working alry arrived at the end of its vocabulary and woman, and is well deserving aid in the any further relations called for action, not work of supporting herself." mere words. Immediately after the war the The Carnegie Hero Fund Commission, of southern white man did his level best to Pittsburg, Pa., forwards us the copy of a exterminate the black man. letter recently sent to Mrs. Betty E. Malone, "Now all that has changed. The South of Athens, Ala., which is, in part, as follows: was slow to learn, but at last the lesson got "Through the courtesy of the editor of home. Instead of the South supporting 'an THE CRISIS, 26 Vesey Street, New York, N. army of lazy niggers,' the South learned Y., the attention of the Carnegie Hero Fund that the Negroes had all the time been sup­ Commission has been called to an act per­ porting e useless and idle whites. Mont­ formed by your son, Julius T. Malone, by gomery, Ala., has just passed an ordinance which, on November 18, 1912, he saved an making it a crime to 'entice labor' from that indeterminate number of persons and at­ city. Aberdeen, Miss., has taxed employ­ tempted to save others from death by burn­ ment agencies shipping Negroes North, out ing, at Los Angeles, Cal.; but in the per­ of existence. The Jackson, Miss., Daily formance of which act he sustained injuries Neivs wakes up to find that if the South which resulted in his death. His case, after loses its 'colored labor' it will go bankrupt. a thorough investigation, was considered at 'Colored labor' is some different from— a meeting of the Commission held this after­ 'niggers.' noon ; and I have much pleasure in inform­ "All of which shows that, in spite of so­ ing you that in recognition of your son's phistries, is the element most essential to heroism on that occasion the Commission society." awarded you a silver medal, and death bene­ On the other hand this astonishingly fine fits at the rate of $10 a month during your thought comes from the Augusta, Ga., life, or until further notice." Chronicle: "In a toy wagon sits a little, begrinned "LICHT MEHR LICHT" Negro boy, with a twig in his hand—his IT is as difficult for the North to become whip. satisfactorily vocal on the impossible "The 'horsie' pulling him along the street situation in the South as it is for the South is a smudgy-faced white boy. He's running to see in the "Negro" problem simply one, fast, but the little driver goads him on, ap­ great, human question. Yet both miracles plying his whip just as any driver would. occur now and then. For instance, the Pitts­ "It's fun for the children to be both burgh, Pa., Courier says: 'driver' and 'horsie.' The 'horsie' stumbles "The solid ivory South is seeing things. and falls. The driver whips him to make There is a drab outlook ahead for those him get up. He had seen it done with a whose eyes are not trained to see without real horse, and wasn't he playing 'horsie'? good light. The fear is growing in several "Up runs the 'horsie's' mother and spoils sections that the good people of the South— it all. She snatches the whip from the Ne­ white—may soon find it necessary to go to gro boy and drags off her own child. work, and of necessity give up their ancient " 'Get away from here, you ' and honorable outdoor pastime of lynching "That would be enough, you may think. 'niggers.' But the mother shakes her own child and "The reason is that the South has finally rebukes him. awakened to discover such a heavy move­ " 'Didn't I tell you not to go with that ment of Negroes to the North that the labor ? Is he the best playmate you can supply is in dire peril. If it keeps up, there find?' THE LOOKING GLASS 83

"It is an unfortunate incident. But more liams's colored tellow-citizens are not al­ unfortunate is the thought that mature per­ lowed to vote in Mississippi?" sons instil the germ of racial prejudice into The New York Evening Post says: innocent young minds. "The parade yesterday of the new Negro "Children, be they rich or poor, white or militia regiment, 800 strong with a full black, Jew or Christian, see no distinction complement of 1,350 men assured, all raised among the human inhabitants of this globe. within a few weeks, is fresh proof of the They seek happiness in associations of all stupidity and narrow prejudice of Congress kinds. in not authorizing additional colored regi­ "Then comes 'Reason,' and the young ments for the legular army. But Congress, mind is ravaged by thoughts that grow into controlled by Southerners, would not specify prejudices. the color of the recruits for the new organi­ "It seems logical that the actions of chil­ zations created by the Defense Act and the dren should be examples for their parents. War Department and the president would Yet it is so, and will remain so until the not ask it to—not even after the Tenth mature persons will use their thoughts for Cavalry under Gen. Dodd had again shown the betterment of humanity—not as aids to its fighting quality in Mexico." the promotion of vanity. But the South continues obdurate: "There is only one class, one race, one re­ "An appeal has been made to the Negroes ligion in this whole, wide world, and that is of Florida in behalf of the Republican can­ —humanity." didates in that State. That is bad. The POLITICS Negro is practically eliminated from politics in the South and it is better for both races THE Rotten Borough system, of the that he stay out. And there is no room or South, and other evils of oligarchy reason for two parties in the South, for if were dwelt on often in the late campaign. there should be two strong parties bidding The Wilmington, Del., Journal says: would be sure to begin for Negro support. "It so happens that the Democratic Party, It is better for the white people of the by means of the iniquitous election laws South to settle their political differences in which are operative in the Southern States, white primaries." enters every campaign with an enormous in­ itial advantage. Twenty-two United States A South Carolina paper says: Senators, more than a hundred Representa­ "During the last 40 years in South Caro­ tives in Congress and 146 votes in the Elec­ lina the Negro has been on the outside of toral College are at the disposal of the Dem­ the jury room and away from-the polls. ocratic Party without even the formality of "Does any white man in South Carolina a contest. The only controversy which ever wish these conditions changed? arises is as to which Democratic faction in "Is or is not the present condition satis­ any one of the eleven States which consti­ factory? tute the Solid South shall control the offices. "If it is satisfactory what is to be gained "Naturally, the North chafes under this by lugging the Negro into political cam­ sort of thing—though the North would paigns, in one way or another, in South probably grin and bear it if the South Carolina? showed less of a disposition to 'rub it in' "Thirty-seven American States outside of to the North whenever a Democratic admin­ the South consent to the elimination of the istration is in power." Negro from political affairs in the South. "The more the subject of the Negro is The Portland, Ore., Spectator adds: agitated on the stump in the South the "In 1910 Mississippi had about 786,000 greater the danger of infusing new life into whites and more than a million Negroes the old anti-southern feeling in the North. within its pleasant confines. Yet in the last "Every southern politician that delivers presidential election Mississippi cast a total 'anti-nigger' speeches is, however he may of less than 65,000 votes—almost exclusively not intend to be, the ally of those Northern­ white and almost exclusively Democratic. ers who still hate the South." As Senator Williams so eloquently and Our Prohibition friends may be interested truthfully said in his speech on behalf of in this which though eight years' old still Filipino independence, heaven never granted represents Louisiana: one people the right to hold another in sub­ "To the Negroes of Caddo Parish: jection. But how is it that Senator Wil­ "The Prohibitionists are always ready to 84 THE CRISIS

help elevate your race; but believing that peated phrase, T speak as a Southerner,' the ballot can best be cast by those familar has been emphasized from the first by acts with its use, we wish to say the election of which show him to be a Southerner of the January 14, 1908, is an election at which old type and not one who represents the White Men Only will vote. progressive element of the new South. "Campaign Committee of Prohibition "His Jim Crow methods of segregation of League." colored men and women in the departments Meantime the white South after eliminat­ at Washington show that he feels as a ing the "corrupt" Negro vote cannot appar­ Southerner and not as an American on this ently carry on decent elections. One of the question of simple justice. His uncalled for contestants in the late North Carolina humiliations of men and women who had primary protests to the Democratic Com­ rendered efficient service in those depart­ mittee : ments for many years leads us to believe "I take it that no Democrat would want that the Washington correspondent of the to take his nomination if a great majority Detroit Free Press may be correct in attrib­ of the electorate should honestly believe that uting Mr. Wilson's opposition to suffrage to he was taking a tainted nomination. I have the same cause. here affidavits and letters from different " 'Persons close to the president,' declares parts of the State, from men of unques­ this correspondent, 'say they believe his pri­ tioned integrity, which set forth that money, vate opinion is that Woman Suffrage in the whiskey, coercion and intimidation were South would be bad for that section of the used in the primary election held on the country on account of the increase it would 12th day of this month and in several in­ cause in the Negro vote.' . . . stances that names were placed on the club "And thus 'the new freedom' for man rolls on the day of the primary, and that means the perpetuation of the old political boxes were opened before the time provided bondage of the women of the South, black by law so that a number of men might and white. Will the colored women of Illi­ vote, and that ballots were fraudulently nois vote for the perpetual bondage of their changed, in order to bring about Mr. Man­ sisters in the South or will they vote for ning's nomination for governor. These affi­ the man, Charles Evans Hughes, who has davits and letters are here in the original declared for giving the ballot to every and will be read to the committee if it so woman through a Federal Amendment and desires; and every mail brings additional for the Republican Party—the only party evidence of the same character. through which the colored man could have "I have carefully gone over this evidence received the ballot." and it has produced the impression on my mind (and I am convinced will produce a The letter sent to Mr. Hughes by the N. like impression upon the unbiased mind of A. A. C. P. during the campaign, has called any man of ordinary reason) that no con­ forth much comment. The Baltimore, Md., fidence can be placed in fhe result of the Evening Sun says: election; and therefore for this reason and "Now, it seems that Mr. Hughes is no for the reason which I have above stated more inclined to answer the questions of the —to protect the integrity of the Democratic dusky but faithful followers of his party, primary, and to preserve the unity of the than he is to become 'vocal' and definite white people of the State, and in the interest when interrogated by his opponents. of justice and fair play, I am compelled to Wherefore, THE CRISIS, a sort of highbrow vote against the nomination of Mr. Man­ Negro periodical, in New York, prints the ning; and I further think that this commit­ following sorrowful threat: . . . tee should order another primary for gov­ "Good gracious! If the colored brethren ernor." take to voting the Socialist ticket, what A woman writing in the Chicago Evening chance will the poor Republicans have?" Post says: President Wilson answered the letter of "It was said that 10,000 colored men voted the N. A. A. C. P. as follows, through his for Mr. Wilson in 1912. Why? Did they secretary: think that Mr. Wilson's southern birth and "The president asks me to acknowledge training would be helpful to them in secur- the receipt of your letter of October 10th, ing political justice? Mr. Wilson's oft-re­ and to say that he stands by his original as- THE LOOKING GLASS

surailces. lie can say with a clear con "No more uppui tunc Lime for the suggest­ science that lie has tried to live up to them, ed move is likely to recur in many years l<> though in some cases his endeavors have come—because this happens to be a period been defeated." in American politics when no great moral The funniest result of the inquiry is the principle divides the leading parties, an wild-eyed protest of a little colored sheet, 'era of good feeling' among the whites;— in Seattle, Wash., called Cayton's Weekly, and there is no substantial moral reason under the head, "Some Big Fool Advice." for hidebound allegiance to any of the now- It cries plaintively: existing parties. "Suppose the colored voters should write "The only answer to the proposition is to to Mr. Hughes as suggests Dr. DuBois, and act now. suppose Mr. Hughes should make an unfa­ "Who shall act first? Not those Negro vorable reply. Then, in Heaven's name, Republican imaginary 'leaders' who hope for what would the colored voters do?" political preferment—because they would What, indeed! pronounce the move monstrous. Not Ne­ Wide-spread response is coming to our groes now in the Federal service—because proposal of a Negro Party. The St. Luke's they openly could not afford to take the risk. Herald, Richmond, Va., says: Not the rank and file—because that would "Maybe Wilson will keep his word if he be slow and cumbrous. is re-elected. Maybe he will not be afraid of "The persons to take the iniative are the Hoke Smiths, the Clarkes and the Var- among the members of the National Asso­ damans, knowing that he was serving his ciation for the Advancement of Colored Peo­ last term. ple, who are free to act." "But, we lean to the opinion that the "COLORED" Xegro will, as a matter of political pro­ IT is always comparatively easy to deny tection, soon begin the formation of an in­ *• the accomplishment of colored folk by dependent party, voting for those men and the simple expedient of forgetting that those measures that seem to be of most benefit to who have done anything were colored. Who him. It almost seems that the Negro will has not heard of Fraunces Tavern down at be forced to do this, willing or unwilling." the Battery in New York? Frederick J. The Baltimore, Md., Afro American adds: Haskin, writing in the Washington, D. C, "It would be the platform of this party to Evening Star, says: stand, unmoved by bribery and lust for of­ "George Washington and nearly all of his fice, for the manhood rights of the Negro; officers came here when he bade them his fa­ a platform with a single plank and only mous farewell, while at the time that 'Black one issue before it, just as the Socialists Sam' Fraunces dispensed good dinners here stand for a more equable distribution of nearly every one of any consequence in New wealth, and the Prohibitionists for the ban­ York came to dine." ishment of rum. Black Sam Fraunces, mind you, although "The possibilities of such a Negro Party the "black" is usually omitted. cannot now be estimated accurately. With "The place got its name and its real start the two and one-half millions of colored peo­ in life in 1757 when it was purchased by a ple actually wielding the ballot in a single thrifty West Indian Negro, Samuel party, their popular vote would be just six Fraunces, who was commonly known as times the voting strength of the Socialists' 'Black Sam' and who seems to have been a and fourteen times the strength of the Pro­ cook and caterer of talent if not genius. A hibitionists' in the presidential election of consideration of the story of Fraunces Tav­ 1912. In fact, they could come within 900,- ern shows that the place of cooks in history 000 of equalling the popular vote for Mr. has been overlooked and underestimated. Taft in the same year." It is they who bring great men together A private letter from a prominent Wash­ and cause great events to be planned and ington office holder says that the proposal: set on foot. Thus the Sons of Liberty and "appears to be excellent and timely. the vigilance committee got together at "The reasons seem too obvious to require Black Sam's and planned to throw Eng­ much argument. There have been, and are land's tea overboard before they would pay now, ample precedents—nnalog-ous in the a tax on it; and here met the famous com politics of Europe mittee of enrrespondenfe, of which we never 86 rHE CRISIS

heard before, but which, according to the ly inferior'/ In a war with the white men History Club, which quotes Woodrow Wil­ of another civilized nation, American sold­ son, was the real beginning and origin of iers would probably be the humanest in the the Continental Congress and so the seed world. But in a war with 'natives' or from which our great and glorious republic 'greasers' can we be sure that this will-to- sprang." lynch would not operate toward such 'back­ And there is romance that goes with the ward peoples' as contested American con­ place, too: quests? "But it appears that plots against liberty "If the lynching spirit springs from that as well as for it were fomented at Black racial intolerance which seems to be the Sam's. For in 1776 there were men in Eng­ worst quality in the Anglo-Saxon tempera­ land who saw that the great personality of ment, anything which makes headway Washington was one of the greatest dangers against race-prejudice should tend to neu­ to England's hold upon the colonies, and tralize the will-to-lynch. One's first impulse is to urge the suppression of lynching by these men were not above removing the dan­ main force. But there is no machinery for ger as best they could. such suppression. A local police is power­ "So it happened that a frequenter of less against a mob. A State constabulary Black Sam's place was a young Englishman could not prevent Coatesville. If it were named Hickey, who had deserted from the in Mexico that these lynchings occurred, British army and enlisted as an American some of our patriots would probably insist volunteer. Because he was a clever man, that Carranza garrison every town. But despite his bad record, he had become one of this is the United States, and we must look General Washington's bodyguard. rather to the rousing of popular anger "This man was the king-pin in a plot to against the scourge. The better element in assassinate Washington, and the first step the sections where the will-to-lynch is lurk­ in the plan was for him to win the help of ing must be stirred to positive expression. the general's housekeeper. This person was It is notorious that the mob-criminals are none other than the young and attractive rarely punished. The better opinion seems West Indian girl, Phoebe Fraunces, daugh­ to sink back dazed and numb. It should be ter of Black Sam. The murderer first won stirred to a diagnosis and an appeal that her heart and made her his mistress. Then would check and finally exterminate a feel­ he let her know his plan and the part she ing which is, in the last resort, dependent was to play. There is no record of the strug­ upon general social approval. gle that took place in the mind of Phoebe Fraunces when she found that the man she "The campaign against the will-to-lynch loved was the appointed murderer of her must be inaugurated by the friends of the master. But the fact remains that she re­ Negro and by those Americans who find vealed the plot to Washington and saw her their patriotism in the removal of national lover hanged." stigma. That is why the enterprise of the National Association for the Advancement THE NATIONAL STIGMA of Colored People, which is raising funds for / AN editorial in the New Republic, New a thorough investigation of the subject and York, says: for an effective marshalling of public opin­ "This scourge of lynching has become a ion, is so important. Such an attitude national stigma as evil as that of chattel promises to fight lynching not in any bitter slavery, whose cursed heritage it is. It or sectional spirit, but with an attempt at springs directly from that old despising of scientific diagnosis, and the pressure of so­ the servile race, now brought to a nominal cial contempt upon the classes in whom the equality. It is akin to the spirit that makes will-to-lynch still flourishes." Russian pogroms, and drenches Armenian R. P. Brooks, a professor in a white nor­ cities in blood. The annals of American mal school in Athens, Ga., writes a letter to lynchings show atrocities far worse than the New York Nation protesting against the any registered in modern wars between civ­ criticisms of the South for the lynching evil. ilized nations. Are they a forecast of what He closes with these words: would happen if we went to war with any "The eradication of lynching is not to be peoples considered by our masses ns marked­ a matter of a few years. Tt is a malady. THE LOOKING GLASS 87

ihe causes of which lie deep in human na­ "Why not set u duy aside fur a collection ture. Of one thing, however, the world from the public in all our northern cities'.' should be assured: all the forces of enlight­ Young ladies could be stationed on the cor­ enment in the South are banded together ners with collection boxes appropriately to the end that the stigma shall ultimate­ marked. Besides getting some money, we ly be removed from our midst." might be enabled to work up some news for The Nation replies: the 'dailies.' " "While we agree with most of Professor Brooks's contentions, we emphatically can­ MISCELLANEOUS not with the last sentence. Waco, Tex., is the seat of Baylor University. Not a single "A spirit once knocked at the portals of teacher, or preacher, or newspaper, or pub­ heaven and the Guardian Angel came to lic official has spoken out against the mob answer the summons. which publicly burned a convicted Negro " 'What would you have?' asked the there. We have yet, at this distance, to Angel. see a single sign that Waco has a con­ " 'A soul's enjoyment of eternity.' science, or that anybody has banded to­ " 'And what have you done upon earth to gether there to remove the stigma of that merit it?' inquired the Guardian Angel, atrocious crime. It is precisely because opening the great book of human deeds. the 'forces of enlightenment' are so little " T have kept the commandments and vocal in the South that there is so little walked in the paths of virtue.' headway against lynching. The conviction " 'What else?' of a few lynchers in Waco, and their pun­ " T gained wealth and gave freely to the ishment, would do more to stop the evil poor.' than anything we can readily think of. " 'What else?' When lynchers go unpunished, as in Coates- " T have been faithful to my church and ville, Pa, the evil flourishes. As for the prayed always.' northern criticism of lynching, we wish it " 'What else?' were a thousand times more intense of " T have shunned the wicked and all lynchings both North and South." things common.' We commend to the South the following " 'What else?' comment from the Havana, Cuba, Post: " 'What else? Surely that is enough.' "We wonder if the lynchers in Kentucky "'No!' exclaimed the Guardian Angel, should realize the impression abroad that closing the book. 'You have been ashamed they cause by their lynchings, if it should of your race, and of the blood God Almighty in any way cause them to curb their thirst poured into your veins. It is the greatest for blood. . They surely do not realize that sin of all. We have no place for you they cause ridicule to be heaped upon Amer­ here.' " ican civilization, and intimations to be cast The Monitor, Omaha, Neb. that we are little above savages "We wish that the citizens of Kentucky could see the effect their mob has caused "An old Negro mammy, who was addicted abroad. We will quote from one Spanish to the pipe, was being lectured on the habit newspaper alone, the Diario de la Marina. by a Sunday-school teacher. Finally the It does not say many words, but it says a latter said: whole lot. We quote: "'Do you expect to go to heaven?' " 'The Negroes lynched, shot, and burned " 'Yes, indeedy!' in Kentucky speak very highly in favor of " 'But the Bible says nothing unclean the civilization of the Great Republic' " shall enter there. Now the breath of the Mr. Raymond L. Phillips, of Boston, smoker is unclean. What do you say to Mass., sends us the following suggestion: that?' "The president has given his approval to " 'Well, I reckon I leave ma bref behin' Armenian, Lithuanian, and other collection when I enter dar,' was old mammy's re­ days; perhaps he would join us in an anti- sponse." lynching crusade. JVpRtrrv Chriflt-iav Advocate. m & mm & m The Horizon

N. A. A. C. P. NOMINATIONS (I "Afro-American Folk-Songs" were dis­ THE Nominating Committee, consisting cussed by Miss Margaret H. Millmard, Oc­ of Mrs. Florence Kelley, Mr. Joseph P. tober 20, at Public School No. 28, in New Loud, and Mr. Archibald H. Grimke, ap­ York City. pointed by the Chairman of the Board of d Lois B. Deppe, a young and promising- Directors in accordance with Article VIII baritone, in New York City, is studying un­ of the Constitution, has submitted the fol­ der Buzzie-Peccie, the teacher of Alma lowing list of nominations for members Gliick, and Sembrick. of the Board of Directors of the N. A. A. (I Miss Myrtle Moses, a white prima donna C. P. for the term expiring January, 1920: mezzo-soprano, of the Chicago Opera Com­ Miss Jane Addams, Chicago. pany, recently appeared for the Hampton Dr. C. E. Bentley, Chicago. Choral Union at Hampton Institute. Rev. Hutchins C. Bishop, New York. C On December 7, Miss Mary White Oving- Dr. F. N. Cardozo, Baltimore. ton's "Hazel" will be produced on the stage Dr. W. E. B. DuBois, New York. of the Y. M. C. A., in Brooklyn, N. Y., by Mrs. Florence Kelley, New York. colored people. "Hazel" is the story of the Miss Mary White Ovington, Brooklyn. life of a little colored girl in the North and Mr. Charles Edward Russell, New York. in the South, and the play is being pro­ Dr. John G. Underhill, New York. duced for the benefit of the Lincoln Settle­ Miss Irene Lewissohn. ment. MUSIC AND ART C The Music School Settlement, in New MRS. MAUD CUNEY HARE, pianist, York City, of which J. Rosamond Johnson and William H. Richardson, baritone, is the director, has commenced its third began their season October 18, at the Col­ year's work. Many prominent people in lege of Applied Harmony, Boston, Mass., under private management. On October the music world have been secured for its 23, Mrs. Hare gave a lecture-recital, "The Sunday afternoon concerts. Sidney Wood­ Achievements of the Afro-American in ward, the noted tenor, has been added to Music," at the New England Conservatory the faculty this season. of Music, under the patronage of persons C Mesdames Magett, pianist; Prince, read­ of social distinction, as well as a number of er; and Howard, vocalist, all wives of min­ the most distinguished musicians of this isters in Portland, Ore., recently gave a country—among them the celebrated Amer­ unique musical recital at Mt. Olivet Baptist ican musician, George W. Chadwick, Direc­ Church, in that city. tor of the Conservatory of Music, Wallace (I Albert E. Greenlaw has been constantly Goodrich, conductor, and Arthur Foote, engaged as a soloist for ten years by some composer. The program was received with of the wealthiest and most influential white the warmest appreciation, and Mrs. Hare churches in Canada, and has received liberal has been requested by a number of musi­ pay for his services. He is a native of cians to repeat the recital at a later date. Scottdale, Pa. It is said that much of the On October 26, Mrs. Hare and Mr. Richard­ success of revivalists, with whom he has son appeared at the Bethany Baptist traveled, has been due to the fullness and church, of Roxbury. Mr. Richardson gives sweetness of his voice. prominent place on his prog-rams to the (I Mme. E. Azalia Hackley successfully di­ songs of Henry T. Burleigh, and other well- rected a folk song festival in Chester, Pa., known composers of color. October 24, and on October 19, gave a song (T Musical America says: "During the com­ recital demonstration at Musical Fund Hall, ing concert season, Zabetta Brenska, so­ in Philadelphia. prano, intends to pay particular attention C "The Trooper of Co. K," a photoplay of to H. T. Burleigh's songs, and at all her the fight at Carrizal, was recently presented concerts several of his songs will be pre­ in Omaha, Neb., by colored people. sented on her programs." Mme. Brenska C. Miss Lois Fox, a white interpreter of and Paul Althouse, tenor, of the Metropoli­ and writer on plantation Negro life in song tan Opera House, will be heard during the and story, has opened a studio in New York- season in joint recitals City. S8 THE HORIZON 89 il "When Lindy Sung" is a photoplay together in quarters like pigs, and many of showing the life of a colored child in a them cannot find any place, and there is school with white children. It is sympa­ bound to be suffering this winter. thetically done and tells how the colored "They will take colds and develop pneu­ girl saved the lives of her mates by singing monia and consumption as well as other dis­ during a fire. eases, and either will die there or be brought home in a dying condition." INDUSTRY (I Many strikes are taking place because of THE Negro migration from the South to this movement of labor. A number of white the North has assumed large propor­ bricklayers in Philadelphia, Pa., struck last tions. Definite figures are difficult to get. week because a colored bricklayer was em­ An estimate from Atlanta, Ga., states that ployed. The contractor immediately paid at least 118,000 colored men have come them off and employed colored help entirely. North since April 1. Colored men have been employed as strike (I The Enfield Hosiery Mills Company, at breakers among the longshoremen in the Enfield, N. C, is teaching colored girls to northwest. Negro workers on street cars operate in the mills. A modern mill is be­ in Panama struck, and other workmen ing erected at Rocky Mount, N. C, in threatened. At Marshall, Tex., GOO Negro which colored help only will be employed. helpers struck at the shops of the Texas C The Tremont Silk Mills have opened a and Pacific Railway. Their demands were branch factory in Harlem, in New York granted and they went back to work. At City, and employment has been given to 40 Omaha, Neb., the white Musicians' Union colored girls between the ages of 14 and 18 threatened to strike if a colored band was years. If this investment proves successful, employed in the Hughes parade. They it is planned to open other mills. changed their minds, however, and the Ne­ C. Eighty colored stevedores were used to gro band marched amid great applause. At unload the cargo from the German subma­ New Britain, Conn., white workers struck rine, Deutschland. at the depot because 50 colored men were G The Strouse, Adler Company is fitting up employed as freight handlers. a corset factory in New Haven, Conn., and C The depositors of the defunct Penny will employ 100 colored girls. Prudential Savings Bank, at Birmingham, C As soon as 100 colored girls can be se­ Ala., will pay a 15% dividend of $25,000, cured for employment, a factory will be This was made possible by the purchase of opened for them in Detroit, Mich., by one a building by the Alabama Lodge of the of the largest wholesale drygoods and gar­ Knights of Pythias, which paid $15,000 cash ment making concerns in that city. Clerical and assumed $59,000 in mortgage. positions, as well as operative, will be open C An official of the Albany, Ga., Bank says to colored people. A restaurant and gym­ that 300 Negro farmers have recently nasium will be connected with the building. opened accounts at the bank, and that these Operatives will average $10.00 a week. accounts are steadily increasing. This is C. All the slave catching machinery of the said to be true all over southwest Georgia, South is being put into motion to stop mi­ d The Wage Earners' Savings Bank, of gration. Negroes are being arrested whole­ Savannah, Ga., has declared a dividend of sale. Two hundred were taken from the $1.20 per share. Union Station, Savannah, Ga., and put in C Large and successful state fairs have jail. Immigrant agents have been arrested been held at Jackson, Miss.; Raleigh, N. C.; and exorbitant license fees charged. To Memphis, Tenn.; Houston, and Texarkana, cap the climax, the Department of Labor Tex., and Birmingham, Ala. has sent two colored men nosing about for evidence to keep Negroes in peonage. EDUCATION C. Southern colored speakers, who depend THE 10th anniversary of the Alpha Phi upon the good will of the white South, are Alpha, the first Greek letter fraternity urging Negroes not to migrate. Richard among' colored men in the United States, Carroll, of South Carolina, is one. Colored will be celebrated at Richmond, Va., in people in New York will be surprised to December. It was organized at Cornell learn from Dr. Moton, of Tuskegee, that New University. Today it has chapters in 18 of York Negroes find "it very difficult even the largest universities in the United States now to find places to stay; they are huddled and includes nearly 1,000 members. (T The U. R Bureau of Education reports 90 THE CRISIS that while white illiterates in the United Negroes, except a small part of the Morrill States amount to 5,500,000, and are increas­ Fund ($8,000) which comes from the U. S. ing, colored illiterates have decreased from government. 3,150,000 in 1880 to 2,227,731 in 1910. C Six colored girls are enrolled at Rad- (I Miss Josephine Wormley has been made cliffe College, Cambridge, Mass. Assistant Director of Music in the schools C Tuskegee Institute has enrolled 1,229 in the District of Columbia, and put in students this year; the Colored State Nor­ charge of the music in the colored schools. mal School, at Nashville, Tenn., has en­ She succeeds the late John P. Layton. rolled 1,242! Hampton Institute has 1,300; C Dr. George W. Hubbard, for 40 years Atlanta University has the largest enroll­ Dean of Meharry Medical College, has been ment in its history. Other colored institu­ made president of that school. tions seem similarly full. C At Iowa State University, the Phi Alpha C The Jeanes Foundation reports co­ Delta fraternity, composed of colored stu­ operation with colored public school super­ dents, has been ranked third among Greek intendents in 14 states. Its supervising in­ letter societies in point of scholarship. dustrial teachers visited 4,480 public schools C Miss Gilberta Bridgwater, a colored girl, and raised for school improvement, $100,312. won the speed and accuracy contest in type­ These teachers were paid $56,556, of which writing at the Lincoln High School, Port­ the counties paid $17,913. land, Ore. (I It is reported that Julius Rosenwald has given $25,000 for a colored school near (I The extraordinary contradictions in the Independence, Mo. South are shown in the invitation given by (I Dr. James A. Bray, secretary of the the colored Allen University, Columbia, C. M. E. Church, has 12 educational insti­ S. C, to ex-Governor Blease, to address the tutions under his charge for which he has students. Blease stated that it was his raised $58,366 in 5 weeks; this is in addi­ vote that once made George W. Murray tion to the regular income of $25,000. congressman instead of his white opponent. (I Claflin University, South Carolina, has He declared that he had always tried to do received $1,000 toward its endowment from justice to the Negro, and had never insulted Butler General, a colored farmer. a colored woman. He told the students to (I The appropriations of the General Edu­ aspire. "You are coming to higher things. cation Board show the usual discrimination They can't hold you back despite what I or against colored schools. Three white col­ any other man may say!" leges get $400,000, while 2 colored schools C The Commission to Study Race Relation­ get $10,000, and salaries are provided for ship in the South, composed of representa­ 2 education agents among Negroes in Okla­ tives from southern white colleges, has homa and Maryland. issued two open letters. The one issued (I The 110 rural colored teachers in the last October was against lynching; the sec­ state of Delaware receive an average annual ond letter, just issued, is an appeal for salary of $227.74 each. greater educational opportunities for Ne­ (I It is reported that the registration in the groes. It says among other things: "The colored schools of the District of Columbia inadequate provision for the education of has decreased from 18,616, in 1911, to 17,- the Negro is more than an injustice to him; 875, in 1915. it is an injury to the white man. The South C Kittrell College, North Carolina, has lost cannot realize its destiny if one-third of its a building by fire. population is undeveloped and inefficient. C The students of Tuskegee Institute have For our common welfare we must strive to raised $750.50 in cash toward the Booker cure disease wherever we find it, strengthen Washington Memorial Fund. whatever is weak, and develop all that is (I The North Carolina Colored Teachers' undeveloped. The initial steps for increasing Association appointed last year Charles H. the efficiency and usefulness of the Negro Moore as State Inspector of Colored Schools. race must necessarily be taken in the school Mr. Moore has traveled over 12,000 miles room." through the state, and reports that funds C The last Georgia legislature appropriated raised by special taxes laid on colored peo­ more than $400,000 for white educational ple, are often spent for white schools. "The institutions in the state, and not a cent for average Negro rural school house is really THE HORIZON 91

a disgrace to an independent civilized peo­ G Dr. K. K. Wright, Jr., the new man­ ple." ager of the Christian Recorder, held a C The 9th annual session of the Oklahoma unique "Negro Literature Week," at Phila­ Association of Negro Teachers, recom­ delphia, in connection with the A. M. E. mended E. A. Johnson's "History of the Book Concern. Among the authors pres­ Negro," as supplementary reading. ent were James Weldon Johnson, Kelly Mil­ C In Mcintosh County, Okla., where many ler, W. S. Braithwaite, and W. E. B. Du­ rich Negro oil properties are situated, the Bois. county commissioners failed to levy taxes C The Negro militia on the Mexican bor­ for the Negro schools to run more than 3 der have all returned home. The First Sep­ months. arate Battalion, of Washington, D. C, was G The graduates of Lincoln University, in the only unit on the border which was re­ the southwest, have organized an alumni cruited to maximum strength. It was over association to raise funds for the Rendall four months in the field. Major James E. Memorial Arch, at that University. Walker was in command. The Eighth Il­ linois Regiment, under Colonel Denison, has C A conference for Negro education was made a notable record. It took part in called by James E. Shepard, the president the great march of 15,000 soldiers through of the National Training School, Durham, the streets of San Antonio, and its band N. C, and held in that city. Among the was especially applauded. The whole regi­ speakers were the state superintendent of ment was entrained in the short space of six public instruction, and many educators of minutes and was greeted in Chicago by a prominence. great throng. The committee of welcome C Contributions, however small, are asked was headed by the mayor, a group of alder­ for the Slater School, at Winston-Salem, men, and the Hull House band. N. C, to complete a $12,000 fund which the C At Tacoma, Wash., a committee of col­ state promises to duplicate. ored people, under Mrs. N. J. Asberry, pre­ sented a loving cup to Colonel A. E. Joab, and two volumes of Negro literature to E. MEETINGS S. Stallcep, in appreciation of their serv­ HE Rhode Island Union of Colored ices during the protest against "The Birth Women's Clubs met in Providence. of a Nation." G The Negro Organization Society, in C A canvass is being made in Norfolk, Richmond, held its 4th annual meeting at Va., to raise money for the - colored day Roanoke. It aims to promote "better nursery. A similar effort, in Richmond, is health, better homes, better schools, and raising $10,000 for the Old Folks' Home. better farms." C A new Negro bank, capitalized at $10,- 000, has been started at Columbia, S. C. SOCIAL PROGRESS G The Illinois State Federation of Colored FORMER STATE SENATOR STE­ Women's Clubs has 71 clubs with 2,057 mem­ PHEN S. GRISWOLD has willed $3000 bers. They have raised $12,265 in the last to the Colored Howard Orphan Asylum, two years. in New York. G The colored people's exhibit at the great­ G A colored hospital, to be named after est agricultural fair in the South, held at David Livingstone, is to be built in Pitts­ Dallas, Tex., was exceptionally good and burgh, Pa. received widespread praise. G James Weldon Johnson was awarded C The Pullman Porters Benefit Association third prize, of $200, out of 800 contest­ was organized in 1915, and now covers the ants for the best political editorial sent to country. It is divided into zones of 1000 the Public Ledger, Philadelphia. Mr. John­ men each. They have induced the Pullman son, who was former United States con­ Company to provide hospital care, pay dur­ sul to Nicaragua, has been a contributor ing sickness, rest rooms and free baths. In to THE CRISIS, is contributing editor of the some cases promotions have been made to New York Age, and the author of the "Au­ yard foremen and mechanical positions. tobiography of an Ex-Colored Man," and many excellent poems. His biography ap­ G A monument to the colored soldiers of pears in the February CRISIS, 1913. the Civil War has been unveiled in Lincoln 92 THE CRISIS

Cemetery, Norfolk, Va., by a colored G. A. C The Missionary Society of the M. E. R. post. Church was founded in 1819 by a Negro, (I Idlewild, Mich., is a flourishing colored John Stewart, of Ohio. The centennary of colony, in Lake County, which owns 1100 this event will be celebrated in 1919. A acres of land. It has a club house, golf monument has just been erected to Stewart's course, tennis courts, and many attractive memory at Upper Sandusky, Ohio. cottages. C The Layman's Missionary Movement con­ (I When the city of Birmingham, Ala., in­ vention was held for three days in Atlan­ spected its grocery establishments recently, ta, Ga. It is one of several conventions a colored firm, the Harris Brothers' Grocery among colored laymen held under the aus­ Company, 701 Fourteenth Street, N., re­ pices of the movement which centers in New ceived a perfect mark of 100. York City. Adolphus Lewis, of Pennsyl­ d A fire in the colored town of Buxton, vania, is executive secretary for the conven­ la., destroyed nearly $20,000 worth of prop­ tions among colored men, and had charge erty. of the Atlanta meeting. It was one of the C A tag day for the support of Day Nurs­ largest meetings of the sort ever held. ery, Denver, Colo., was held by colored C The Arkansas Presbyterian Synod re­ women of the city, and netted $923. fused to adopt the report of its committee C Colored boys are playing on several of against lynching. The members did not the leading white football teams; one is on think the subject was "proper"! the team of Brown University, and two are C S. P. Harris has sued R. H. Boyd, of on the excellent team of Tufts College. the Baptist Publishing House, Nashville, C E. A. Williams, a colored United States Tenn., for $10,000 damages for libel. These farm demonstrator in southern Georgia, has gentlemen are on opposite sides of the Bap­ been presented with a Ford automobile by tist split. his rural admirers as a token of apprecia­ tion for his services. PERSONAL \ MONG distinguished Negroes who have d A colored boy of eighteen, Walter White, died during the last month are: Joshua has been appointed from Boston as stenog­ A. Crawford, a lawyer, of Boston, Mass.; rapher and typewriter in the War Depart­ Young Turner, a wealthy farmer, of Leb­ ment at a salary of $1000. He gained the anon, 111.; Thomas P. Taylor, an abolitionist, position through civil service examination. of Boston, Mass.; Samuel E. Young, a ca­ (I At Poquonock, Conn., a reception was terer, of Baltimore, Md.; the Rev. J. A. given by the tobacco growers to the young Taylor, a Baptist pastor, of Washington, colored college students from the South D. C; Silas H. Johnson, captain of fire en­ who had worked on the plantations during gine company No. 3, Denver, Colo.; Lyde the season. There were 1400 in that region Wilson Benjamin, an unusually successful who came North to harvest tobacco, and the young business man, of Boston, Mass.; employing firms say that the experiment Frank Estell, custodian of one of the largest was a great success. - buildings in St. Louis, Mo.; and John H. G The colored Y. M. C. A. in Indianapolis, Sherman, an old and well-to-do letter car­ Ind., has the largest enrollment of any col­ rier, of Jacksonville, Fla. ored association in the country. It counts C James Bertram Clarke, a graduate of Cor­ 1118 members. nell University, and until recently a teach­ C The colored people of Pittsburgh are er of Spanish in the High Schools of Brook­ raising $10,000 for a new Y. M. C. A. build­ lyn, N. Y., has gone to Rio Janeiro to rep­ ing. Sixty-five thousand dollars will be resent a United States commercial concern. added to this sum from local funds, and (L The Honorable James A. Cobb, former­ $25,000 from Mr. Rosenwald. ly special assistant United States attorney in the District of Columbia, has been ap­ THE CHURCH pointed professor in the law school of IT is said that Katherine Drexel has Howard University. * given $7,000,000 in all, for the educa­ (L John Ernest Green, formerly lieutenant tion of colored Catholics, and has devoted in the Twenty-fourth United States Infan­ her life to that work for the last thirty try, has been promoted to a captaincy. He years. She is now 57 years of age. is now serving as attache in Liberia. THE HORIZON 93

0 First Sergeant John B. Kemp, of Com­ Washington, U. C, has had a judgment pany E, Twenty-fifth United States In­ awarding William Byrd $18,600, confirmed fantry, has been celebrating the fifth anni­ by the Supreme Court of the United States. versary of his marriage, his 45th birthday, C In response to a demand from Henry and his fifth year of service in the regiment, Wattcrson, that "from the records of that at Schofield Barracks, Honolulu. There last fatal charge at Carrizal, there should were 160 guests, including Chaplain and be recovered the name of that black soldier Mrs. Prioleau. whose heroic loyalty to his white comrades, C Sergeant D. P. Green, of the Twenty- touches the high water mark of soldier de­ fifth United States Infantry, has been re­ votion and deathless courage," the War- tired after 25 years' service. The Army and Department has named Peter Bigstaff, who> Nary Journal says that he was for years has since been promoted to sergeant. "the best known and most liked man in the POLITICS r , Twenty-fifth." He was given character "ex­ T HE Negroes of Oklahoma issued the fol- cellent" on each of his eight discharges, lowing manifesto during the recent and was recommended for a certificate of election: "In most of the counties of this merit in the Philippines. state the Negroes have in large numbers C John T. Newsome, a colored lawyer, in registered unmolested, but in Mcintosh, Muskogee, Wagoner, Okfuskee Counties, the real black belt of Oklahoma, there has been a flagrant violation of the recent Supreme Court decision and Negroes have been intimidated and abused by the minions of Governor Williams. For instance, at Rentiesville, a Negro town in Mcintosh County, where there are 180 electors, 4 Negroes are registered. At Eufaula, with about 400 black electors, 6 have been permitted to qualify. In the city of Muskogee, with about 12,000 odd Negroes, their rights have been curtailed and denied with a viciousness unheard of in this state. At Boley, which is situated in Paden Dis­ trict No. 2, with 500 odd electors, not a single Negro is registered save and except 3 or 4 who affiliate with the Democratic Party. Wagoner County registrars were equally as ruthless in their disregard for the citizenship rights of black men, and the time is ripe for a fearless and determined stand against the outrageous encroachment of southern prejudice." (L The Board of Public Instruction, of Es­ cambia County, Fla., has arbitrarily de­ clared vacant the offices of the colored su­ pervisors of Negro schools. These super­ visors have hitherto been elected by the patrons, and they had general charge of the Negro schools. As the Negroes were dis­ franchised by the white primary, this was the only way in which Negro taxpayers had any voice in the school. (I The Republicans of Douglas County, Neb., published a pamphlet with a photograph of all the candidates except Will N. Johnson, the colored candidate for Public Defender. SERGEANT PETEB BIGSTAFF. "THE HERO OF C The Negro Party, of Tennessee, held CARBJZAL" 94 THE CRISIS schools to show the voters how to mark the The lynching of two Negroes in Blakely, ballot, which was 28 inches long. Some Ga., about ten months ago and the sen­ 10,000 Negroes were registered. tencing of another to be hung soon, a fourth to life imprisonment for the killing of a FOREIGN white farmer, and the burning of several FlELD MARSHAL VON HINDENBURG churches and halls have caused a great •*• says in an interview in the Berlin exodus of Negroes from that section. Vorwaerts: "If we are going to drag this (I One of the members of the lynching war on indefinitely, then the whole of Eu­ mob at Lima, O., was found guilty by the rope will bleed to death and America and jury; others are still to be tried. the colored races would be our heirs." (I In spite of the fact that the woman as­ (I A company of commercial and educa­ saulted at Lima, O., failed to identify tional experts, headed by M. R. Hilford, will Charles Daniels, he has been convicted on leave for the African Mandingo country in circumstantial evidence and sentenced to December. The Mandingo Development from 3 to 20 years in the penitentiary. Corporation and the Mandingo Association, (I Since our last record the following lynch­ Inc., will co-operate in an effort to better ings have taken place: the social, health, educational, and religious October 6, Gilmer, Tex., Will Spencer, conditions of the country. hanged for slightly wounding a policeman. October 7, Sandersville, Ga., Charles GHETTO Smith, hanged for shooting a sheriff. JOHN H. JOUBERT, general manager of October 10, Little Rock, Ark., Frank a street railroad in New Orleans, has Dodd, hanged for "annoying a white wom­ succeeded in getting a city court to declare an." that he has no Negro blood. His great- October •—, Greenwood, Miss., Allen grandmother was described as "mestizo." Nance, shot for firing at an automobile Many testified that his grandparents had party. been described as "colored." We hope he is October 16, Paducah, Ky., Brack Kinley, happy at last. hanged and burned for assaulting a white C The Union Furniture Company, of To­ woman. ledo, Ohio, has been haled into court for de­ October 16, Paducah, Ky., Luther Durett, frauding Negroes, in Texas, in a lottery hanged and burned for saying that he "in­ scheme for buying furniture. The U. S. tended to get some white man." Government spent $6,000 in the prosecution October 21, Abbeville, S. C, Anthony and brought 34 Negro witnesses from Texas. Crawford, hanged for striking a white man. (I The case of the colored men convicted of the murder of Dr. C. F. Mohr, of Provi­ CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ANTI- LYNCHING FUND, N. A. A. C. P., dence, R. I., has gone to the Supreme Court October 6 to November 6, 1916. of the state. Receipts to October 5 pre­ C Dr. Isabel Vandervall has sued the Wom­ viously announced $11,265.71 Grand Lodge K. of P. of en's and Children's Hospital, of Syracuse, Ohio $50.00 N. Y., for refusing to admit her as interne Chicago Branch — A. L. after they had contracted to do so. Weaver and C. A. Bar- (I The Ohio Supreme Court has confirmed nett, collectors 30.50 the power of the Board of Film Censors to Boston Branch 25.60 Newark Branch 25.00 keep "The Birth of a Nation" out of the Indianapolis Branch .... 23.00 state. Colored people have barred this film Co. B, 24th Infantry, U. from Cambridge, Mass. S. A 19.20 (I Three hundred citizens of Oilton, Okla., Cleveland Branch 11.00 Johnson City, Tenn., con­ tried to lynch two white councilmen, whom tributions—J. H. Byers, they accused of running the town into debt. collector 10.50 Both of the councilmen were injured and in Macon, Ga., Business and great danger until rescued by the police. Civic League 10.50 (I Thomas Willis, a Negro janitor, was Miscellaneous Contribu­ tions 79.40 nearly killed by a mob in New York City, for stabbing a boy. Total 284.60 C The Savannah Tribune says: _ Grand Total $11,550.31 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 95

Three Reasons Why You Should Insure in Standard Life

FIRST, BECAUSE OF PROTECTION- The prime reason for the existence of a life insurance company is protection. STANDARD LIFE can give you this because it is the only Old Line, Legal Reserve life insurance company in the world owned, operated and controlled by Negroes. Its policyholders are protected by a

deposit of Sion.nno.mi with the State Treasurer of Georgia. They are protected by the very nature of the company in -that it is a legal reserve company the setting aside of a large, definite portion of each premium paid as a legal reserve is required of all companies of this type. They are protected by the fact that all officers are bonded by the National Surety Com­ pany of New York. And lastly, the men behind the company as officers, directors, agents and employees arc of the finest and ablest type in the Race.

SECOND, BECAUSE OF EMPLOYMENT- At the present time STANDARD LIFE is giving lucrative employment to over two hundred of our people. It is opening up wonderful new fields of employment to our young men and women. Some one has said that "the greatest problem of the educated Negro is to know what to do with his education after he has gotten it." Teaching and pleaching are noble and neces­ sary professions but all of us cannot teach and preach. STANDARD LIFE gives entrance to the field of business to the young Negro who has the brains but not the capital, or who has both but little outlet for either. Some day you or your son or your dauvhter may want a dignified, well-oaying position. At its present rate of growth, it is only a matter of time before STANDARD LIFE will have its five and ten thousand employees.

THIRD, BECAUSE OF INVESTMENT- During the year of lOlo over One Hundred Billion Dollars were loaned to the people of the United States by the life insurance companies of this country. Legal reserve companies are compelled to invest their reserve in real estate and bonds. If you want to know how much of the above mentioned amount was loaned to colored people by the life insurance com­ panies of this country, try and sec how much you can borrow from them on your own real estate. Naturally STANDARD LIFE will invest its reserve in real estate owned by colored people. As the company increases its* insurance in force, and as its reserve increases, one can easily see what the rrowth of this company means to the economic future of the Race. During the past twelve months we Lave loaned over Fifty Thousand Dollars to our people, which has resulted in saving to the Race property of at least twice this value and in several cases many K - times more. N Think over these arguments and if they appeal to you see one of our agents or write to us for additional information. Our slogan now is FIVE MILLION DOLLARS \ WORTH OF PAID-FOR BUSINESS BY DECEMBER 31ST. Will you help us to achieve this mark ?

fena "eX\ d Standard Life Insurance Company particular^ \

abom > Home Office, 200 Auburn Avenue insurance. \ ' ^ Atlanta, Georgia Amount $ ^ SEX \ CAPITAL - - - $125,000.00

AGE V Agencies in Georgia, Alabama. Tennessee, Kentucky, Weight N Arkansas, Missouri, Texas, Mississippi and the Dis- \ trict of Columbia. Height . OCCUPATION x^ Nearly Three Million of Insurance in Force

Name .... K We can write you and protect you in any \ part of the world in amounts from $250.00 Address V to $6000.00. r. ,,, , v Neman E. Perry, President ((_. Dec. 1*H<> \ Harry II. Pace. Secretary-Treasurer \

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THE LITERARY SENSATION OF THE YEAR "THE FORGED NOTE" A Romance of the Darker Races

By OSCAR MICHEAUX Foremost Negro Novelist, Who Also Wrote "THE CONQUEST"

Third Large Printing

lie was leaving, the somewhat sad and silent young man she had met not long before and had come strangely to admire, and she was sorry. "Yes," he would come in for a few minutes. It was rather unusual—the acquaintance they had formed—for neither had inquired ot the other beyond the name. Vet there was about it all something mutual—they always agreed so readily—both seemed to correspond in views. So when he told her that he was to leave she was downcast and sorrowful and sad. She heard his footsteps as he passed down the warkway later and out of her life. But upon her lips a kiss burned—he had placed it there on a sudden impulse, and would have declared his love, . . . But she had begged him not to . . . Why? It was weeks afterwards when he called again,.and had not written her that he would. He was going South, to Dixie. About her, her actions, mysterious at times, was something he had never come to understand. . . . He would this night. It was a winter night, cold, dark and dreary. He stood at last before the door, but as he waited athwart for her, her voice and smile, another, an old, old woman with evil eye and heart, rose out of the darkness and told him the story

And so it was that Sydney Wyeth went upon a journey. And what came to pass upon said journey; the girl he had failed to see but who came again into his life; and how he was brought at last to know and understand makes up a novel teeming with turbulent excite­ ment, humor, intrigue and a romance the most splendid and effective ever produced with the Ethiopian in the title role.

The tremendous story of a woman's soul, symbolic in its interpretation of the Negro, it bears a trenchant message for every thinking man and woman living in the world today. From across the sear the London Globe has to say: "Strong, carefully wrought, artistically complete, not merely satisfying but curiously impressive." But the Daily Standard, London, is less brief: "After the bosh and bathos, the howling sentimentality, the sickening gush, the night dress stupidities so often offered as American fiction, it is a relief, a joy and a strengthening to read the full, fine novel Mr. Micheaux, peer of Negro writers, has produced. It touches the primal passions, the ultimate, intimate realities with strength, sincerity and conviction. Masterly it is. His portrayal of the little brown heroine and Sydney Wyeth's method of redemption is touched with genius."

The Holidays Will Soon Be Here

and among the gifts you make will perhaps be a book or so. So going to the book store, what will you buy? A set from "The Old Masters" is suggestive, no doubt; but will they be read? Will the "gift" book with pretty red corners and a few little short stories and poems, etc., be read ? Why not exercise more discretion ? Why not, as one of our agents who sold 4,000 copies alone to the white people of northeast Nebraska said of the multitude of his customers there that say, "I'm going to try that book because it has never been my privilege to read a novel by a Negro author"—and they read it; their neighbors read it, all the country is reading ami re-reading it. WHY SOT YOV.' If you think this book will interest you, sit down and write out on a postal or letter these words or their purport and mail to us: PLEASE SHIP ME A COPY OF "THE FORGED NOTE" C. O. D. BY PARCEL POST. I AGREE TO ACCEPT SAME ON DELIVERY, SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION, IF IT PLEASES ME. Or if you take our word, send us your check or money order and address to whom you wish it sent and the same will be mailed so as to reach them, on -or near about the date you would have it. Send at once and state what date you would like to have tin- book shipped. Give ample time so as to avoid the usual holiday rush.

LIBERAL COMMISSION TO AGENTS PROSPECTUS FREE CLOTH BOUND 17 FULL PAGE 111. 541 PAGES PRICE $1.50 WESTERN BOOK SUPPLY CO., Lincoln, Nebraska Publishers 98 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER BOOKS BY COLORED AUTHORS Nearly a quarter of a century has passed since the Neale house was fotfnded. Hundreds of its publications are in active circulation. None of these are more vitally important to the American people than those that relate to racial problems. They comprise a library in themselves. Limitations of space enable us to announce here but a few of these books by prominent colored authors. Race Adjustment: Essays on the Negro in Haiti: Her History and Her Detractors. By America. By Kelly Miller, colored; Dean J. N. Leger, colored; formerly Minister of the College of Arts and Sciences and Pro­ from Haiti to the United States. Illus­ fessor of Mathematics, Howard University. trated. Two editions: one in English and Third thousand. $2.15 by mail. the other in French. Each edition $3.20 Chicago News: "The book is written with great by mail. ability, in English quite free from fault, and its logic The Nation, New York: "Haiti, at last, has a is fairly inexorable." champion who is entitled to be heard; for he speaks New York Evening Post: "As admirable for its from fullness of knowledge, and from a position of calmness and good temper as for its thoroughness political eminence sends forth no uncertain sound. and skill." It is not too much to say that the latest book on Haiti is also the best that has ever appeared respect­ Out of the House of Bondage. By Kelly ing the so-called 'Black Republic' Minister Leger Miller, colored; Dean of the College of Arts has struck a new note, for, unlike others who have written on the subject, he places himself against a and Sciences, Howard University. $1.65 by veritable wall of facts, and not only wards off the mail. blows that are aimed at his country, but takes the Boston Transcript: "Written in a clear and de­ aggressive against her critics." cisive style, with a comprehensive and convincing command of the subject. He neither denounces nor The New Negro; His Political, Civil, and condemns; he analyzes and constructs possibilities Mental Status. By William Pickens, Lit. upon the fundamental basis of human nature. No D., colored; Dean of Morgan College, Bal­ man of his race has so sure a power of pruning the fallacies with passionless intellectual severity from timore. Dr. Pickens was graduated from the pernicious arguments of the prejudiced dema­ Yale in the highest grade of his class and gogues." won the Phi Beta Kappa Key and the Ten Eyck Oration. Although a young man, he The Facts of Reconstruction. By John R. has won distinction as a scholar; he is Lynch, colored; formerly Member of Con­ among the foremost men of his race. % 1.60 gress; later Fourth Auditor of the Treasury; by mail. at present Major in United States Army. Fourth thousand. $1.65 by mail. Negro Culture in West Africa. By George Chicago Tribune: "This book is perhaps the most W. Ellis, K. C, F. R. G. S., colored; re­ important contribution which has been made by any cently, and for eight years, Secretary of political writer during recent years to the political the United States Legation in Liberia; literature of the reconstruction era." author of "Liberia in the Political Psychol­ The Key; or, a Tangible Solution of the ogy of West Africa," "Islam as a Factor Negro Problem. By James S. Stemons, in West African Culture," "Dynamic Fac­ colored; Field Secretary of the Joint Or­ tors in the Liberian Situation," and other ganization of the Association for Equalizing works. Profusely illustrated. $2.15 by Industrial Opportunities and the League of mail. Civic and Political Reform. Mr. Stemons Chicago Tribune: "It is the third consecutive con­ tribution made by a noted man to our knowledge contends that industrial opportunity, rather of conditions and peoples in West Africa." than industrial education, is the basic need Albany Times-Union: "It is easily one of the most of the Negro. He presents his arguments important contributions ever made to the literature in vigorous English of extraordinary of the Negro race." New York Crisis: "This history ought to be in purity, and the book may easily be classed every American's library." with the foremost literature of the Negro The Black Man's Burden. By William H. race. $1.00 by mail. Holtzclaw, colored; Principal of the Utica Racial Adjustments in the Methodist Epis­ Normal and Industrial Institute for the copal Church. By John H. Reed, D. D., Training of Colored Young Men and Young K. C, colored; with an introduction by Adna Women, Utica, Mississippi. With an intro­ B. Leonard, D. D., LL. D. $1.60 by mail duction by the late Booker T. Washington. Philadelphia Christian Recorder: "The book is Illustrated. Third thousand. $1.60 by mail. filled with splendid idealism, and in spite of its New Orleans Times-Picayune: "It is an interest­ somewhat verbose character, presents a fine argu­ ing study of Negro achievement and should be an ment, which in this day of compromise for the present inspiration to the young men and the young women exigencies may not be heeded." of the race." Prof. Wm. E. Chancellor, Ph. D., the eminent historian and educator, writes: "The Neale Publishing Company to-day represents high-water mark in America for its historical works. Upon its list are to be found the best books upon each and every side of the com­ mon issues of our public life. Such is the authority of the list considered as an entirety as to lend luster to each separate title, creating a presumption in its favor." Order through

THE NEALE PUBLISHING CO./WITT™ OR THE CRISIS, THE CRISIS ADVERTISER 9ff Atlanta University University Literary Bureau Manuscript Criticized Studies of the and Revised Negro Problems Poems, Short Stories, Novels, Scenarios, Magazine and Press ARTICLES, Sermons and 19 Monograph* Sold Separately Addresses. Address Advice on Publication ATLANTA UNIVERSITY CONFERENCE Correspondence Solicited ATLANTA UNIVERSITY « ATLANTA. GA. Strictly Confidential MontgomerADDRESSy :Gregor Boyx 102, HowarAlaid nUniversity Leroy Lock, Washington, D. C. The Curse of Race Prejudice By JAMES F. MORTON, JR., A. M. Qffxxccl CALIAMITI; (Qarb* POPULAR STYLES FOR LADIES OR GENTLEMEN. An aggressive exposure by an Anglo-Saxon cham­ IOO FOR BO CENTS OR BO FOR 30 CENTS. NO pion of equal rights. Startling f»cti and crushing EXTRA CHARGE FOR ADDRESS. ALL ORDERS arguments. Fascinating reading. A necessity for FILLED PROMPTLY. ATTRACTIVE PROPOSITION clealongrs understandinin the librargy oanf dever up-to-daty friened propagandaof social justice. Be­. FOR AGENTS. WRITE FOR SAMPLES AND TERMS Price 25 cents. Send order to THE HOUSE OF CHOWN1NG INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA JAMES F. MORTON, JR. wants the "My 211 WEST 138TH STREET •:• NEW YORK, N. Y. EVERY WOMAN Lad}' Quality" package. Contains beautiful assortment of six exquisite Post Cards, six Place Cards, "GLEANINGS FROM DIXIE-LAND" three Gift Cards, one Transfer Doily Pat­ Ten poems by tern and a valuable coupon worth 75c. Sent T. A.M. postpaid FOR 10c, 3 for 25c. Agents wanted. •EFFIK BATTLE, Gloster Sales Co., Dept. G, 670.E. 170th St.. "Mrs. Battle has an individual gift of melody." New York City. —Springfield Republican. "You owe it to your race to publish your poems in WONDERFUL XMAS BARGAIN book form."—Editor, Southwestern Christian Advo­ Finest quality assorted post cards, seals, cate. booklets and tags all in one package for reveren"Versets taro eal smoothl truth,, gracefulappreciativ, high-mindee of all dbeaut andy clearand, twelve cents by mail. Boys and girls can true inspiration."—George W. Cable. make money. Write for information and PRICE 25 CENTS. send 2c. stamp. Write ADDRESS: OKOLOHA IHDUSTEIAX. SCHOOL, JULIEN MILLER, Okolona, Miss. 1201 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa.

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Room 612, 58 W. Washington St. CHICAGO, ILL. Mrs. Minnie C. Warwick I Novelty Shop toadvertise Novelties, Dry Goods, Toilet Articles, Lingerie of Sp ecial Offerour swell all kinds in stock and made to order. "Wedding clothes. This handsome, hand- Outfits at reasonable rates, taiWed $15 Suit, in 18 different new styles, special price only 178 Northampton St., BOSTON, MASS. $8.50. We offer you The Bicrgest Values in Tailoring", and please remember always: We Will Not '''eepOne Penny Of Your Money SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY FOR A DENTIST Unless you are WELL PLEASED. desiring to locate in Philadelphia, Pa. For nig Pay-Easy Work particulars address Frank Dawson, 1020 Chest­ Agents! Make ,$35 to $65 a week nut Street. 0 right in your own town. Fart time or all. We furnish Tailor a Book with styles, samples, wholesale sood town where a col- prje and oil instructions WHYT11OV KNOWftiwnJ S . v Wri^e for it Today. ored busincss wou]d be ap predated? Have money and services for the right THE CHICAGO TAILORS ASSN. town. Correspondence invited. Address: J. L. T., OeftflB 515 So-FranKlin St., Chicago. care THE CRISIS, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y! Mention THE CRISTS A New Book by Dr. Du Bois THE NEGRO By W. E. BURGHARDT DU BOIS, author of "Souls of Black Folk," "Quest of the Silver Fleece," "Select Bibliography of the Negro American," etc. This is the authentic romance of the black man. It is a history of him at once scholarly, earnest and eloquent. He is considered from the earliest times, and the thread of his fas­ cinating story is followed in Africa, America, and wherever else it has appeared. To look at the Negro against the back­ ground of his history is to see him in a light fairer than that in which most Americans have seen him. 256 Pages—3 Maps—Cloth Bound At the low price of 50 cents net—By mail 56 cents

Dr. Du Bois's new book is the latest addition to a remarkable series of low-priced new books with which everybody should be­ come acquainted. THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 94 volumes now ready Published by HENRY HOLT & COMPANY, 34 West 33d Street, New York Is made up of new books by leading authorities. The editors are Professors GILBERT MURRAY, H. A. L. FISHER, W. T. BREWSTER and J. ARTHUR THOMSON. Cloth bound, good paper, clear type, 256 pages per C _ „ _ i volume. Each complete and sold separately - - PostagVVCe *extr X16a L "A growing wonder of enterprise and sound judgment. Each volume, entirely new, is furnished by an acknowledged expert; is brief enough and plain enough to be readable or even fascinating, scientific enough to be a condensed authority —and at the nominal price of 50 cents."—Hartford Courant.

SOME SELECTED EARLIER VOLUMES: EVOLUTION By J. A. Thomson LATIN AMERICA By W. R. Shepherd THE FRENCH REVOLUTION VICTORIAN LITERATURE By Hilaire Belloc By G. K. Chesterton ROME By W. Warde Fowler GERMANY OF TODAY PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY By Charles Tower By Bertrand Russell EURIPIDES AND HIS AGE NAPOLEON By H. A. L. Fisher By Gilbert Murray THE CIVIL WAR By F. L. Paxson UNEMPLOYMENT By A. C. Pigou Order through the publishers or through The CRISIS, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York

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These prices do not include postage. Postage extra.

NATIVE LIFE IN SOUTH AFRICA. (Sol. J. Plaatje) $1.50 U HAZEL. (Mary White Ovington) . $1.00 If THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF AN EX-COLORED MAN. (Anonymous). 1.20 If NORRIS WRIGHT CUNEY. (Maud Cuney Hare) 1.50 || A NARRATIVE OF THE NEGRO. (Leila Amos Pendleton) 1.50 |f SOULS OF BLACK FOLK. (W. E. B. Du Bois) 1.25 II THE WHITE MAN'S BURDEN. (T. Shirby Hodge) 1.Q0 RACE ADJUSTMENT. (Kelly Miller) 2;B0 ' ffV HISTORY OF THE NEGRO. (B. G. Brawley) 1.25^ If HALF A MAN. (Mary White Ovington) LOO- |f AFTERMATH OF SLAVERY. (William Sinclair) 1.50 ff • JOHN BROWN. (W. E. B. Du Bois) ". 1.25 jj NEGRO IN AMERICAN HISTORY. (J. W. Cromwell) 1.25 Jf PRINCE HALL AND HIS FOLLOWERS. (George W. Crawford)... 1.00 j| NEGRO CULTURE IN WEST AFRICA. (George W. Ellis) 2.00 If THE NEGRO. (W. E. B. Du Bois) 50 jj THE EDUCATION OF THE NEGRO PRIOR TO 1861. (Carter G. Woodson) 2.00 jj FACTS OF RECONSTRUCTION. (John R. Lynch) 1.50 ({ LIFE AND LETTERS OF COLERIDGE-TAYLOR. (W. C. Berwick- Sayers) 2.25 |j MASTERPIECES OF NEGRO ELOQUENCE. (Alice Moore Dunbar, Editor) 2.50 JI POEMS OF PAUL LAURENCE DUNBAR 2.00 H AFRO-AMERICAN FOLKSONGS. (H. E. Krehbiel) 2.00 ' IS OUT OF THE HOUSE OF BONDAGE. (Kelly Miller) 1.50 Ij

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