C1-C4_FSJ_0110_COV:proof 12/11/09 9:18 AM Page C1 A HUMAN RIGHTS PIONEER ■ DIPLOMATIC VALUE ADDED ■ THE FS IN 1922 $3.50 / JANUARY 2010 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L STHE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS WHITHER USAID? Signs of Growth After a Long Winter C1-C4_FSJ_0110_COV:proof 12/11/09 9:18 AM Page C2 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 1 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 2 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 3 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L S CONTENTS January 2010 Volume 87, No. 1 C OVER S TORY USAID: SIGNS OF GROWTH / 16 Administrator-designate Rajiv Shah is well-regarded, but his nomination does not resolve lingering doubts about the agency’s future. By Shawn Zeller F EATURES HONORING PATT DERIAN / 26 Nearly three decades after leaving office, the first assistant secretary for human rights receives a rare tribute. By Diana Page Cover and inside illustration THE ROLEOFTHEDIPLOMAT IN THE MODERN ERA / 30 Jeff Kogel There is simply no substitute for the personal touch skillful diplomats bring to their mission. PRESIDENT’S VIEWS / 5 By Yoav J. Tenembaum The State-USAID Relationship: Measure Twice, Cut Once FS HERITAGE By Susan R. Johnson ENTERING THE U.S. DIPLOMATIC AND SPEAKING OUT / 13 CONSULAR SERVICES IN 1922 / 32 The Population Bomb Is Still Ticking See how you would have fared on the entrance exams By Michael Fritz for the State Department nearly a century ago. REFLECTIONS / 64 By Luciano Mangiafico I Remember a Gift By Robert E. Gribbin AFSA NEWS AFSA 2009-2011 GOVERNING BOARD PRIORITIES / 37 LETTERS / 7 DOES DISSENT HARM YOUR CAREER? / 37 YBERNOTES C / 9 NEWS BRIEFS AND AGGELER / 38 MARKETPLACE / 12 VP STATE: ARBITRARY? WITHOUT A DOUBT! / 39 BOOKS / 53 VP RETIREE: PRIORITIES & SURVEYS / 40 IN MEMORY / 56 AFSA STATEMENT ON POLITICAL AMBASSADORSHIPS / 40 INDEX TO BASRA MEMORIAL PLAQUE / 41 ADVERTISERS / 62 VP FCS: RESOURCES, RESOURCES, RESOURCES / 41 AFSA FINANCIAL AID SCHOLARS / 42 2010 DUES UPDATE / 47 TEN YEARS AT AFSA: ANA LOPEZ / 48 A FOND FAREWELL TO BARBARA BERGER / 48 FOREIGN SERVICE E-MAIL GROUPS / 49 CLASSIFIEDS / 51 JANUARY 2010/FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL 3 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 4 A time of service…a time of need OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L S Help for Seniors May Editor STEVEN ALAN HONLEY Senior Editor Be Just a Phone Call Away— SUSAN B. MAITRA Associate Editor The Senior Living Foundation may be SHAWN DORMAN able to help you or someone you know. AFSA News Editor Some examples of assistance are: FRANCESCA KELLY Ad & Circulation Manager ED MILTENBERGER N Home Health Care Art Director N Adult Day Care & Respite Care CARYN SUKO SMITH Editorial Intern N Prescription Drug Copayments AMANDA ANDERSON N Transportation to Medical Appointments Advertising Intern LOTTE REIJMER N Durable Medical Equipment EDITORIAL BOARD For more information, please contact the TED WILKINSON SENIOR LIVING FOUNDATION Chairman OF THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE MAY G. BAPTISTA JOSEPH BRUNS 1716 N Street, NW N Washington, DC 20036-2902 STEPHEN W. B UCK Phone: (202) 887-8170 N Fax: (202) 872-9320 JULIE GIANELLONI CONNOR E-Mail: [email protected] N Web Site: www.SLFoundation.org JEFF GIAUQUE PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION SPONSORED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE MARY E. GLANTZ D. IAN HOPPER GEORGE JONES LYNN W. R OCHE RIMA J. VYDMANTAS THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN QUESTIONS? Not sure whom to contact? AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is LETTERS TO MEMBERSHIP published monthly with a combined July-August For changes of address and other issue by the American Foreign Service Associa- THE EDITOR tion (AFSA), a private, nonprofit organization. Printed letters may be edited for questions about AFSA membership, Material appearing herein represents the opin- space. E-mail to [email protected] or e-mail [email protected]. ions of the writers and does not necessarily rep- resent the views of the Journal, the Editorial mail to FSJ, 2101 E Street NW, Board or AFSA. Writer queries and submissions FasTrax Washington DC 20037. are invited, preferably by e-mail. Journal sub- ADVERTISING scription: AFSA members – $13 included in an- For details about placing either nual dues; others – $40. For foreign surface mail, a display or classifed ad, add $18 per year; foreign airmail, $36 per year. 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Send address changes to: ONLINE AFSA Attn: Address Change www.afsa.org 2101 E Street N.W. www.fsjournal.org Washington DC 20037-2990 Printed on 50-percent recycled paper, of which 10 percent is post-consumer waste. 4 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL/JANUARY 2010 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 5 PRESIDENT’S VIEWS The State-USAID Relationship: Measure Twice, Cut Once BY SUSAN R. JOHNSON Two welcome recent de- ranks, not just the top policy- U.S. development assistance program velopments have spotlighted makers — and taking con- that has made a real, lasting difference the relationship between the structive advantage of AFSA, on the ground — and that was six Department of State and the which is representative of, decades ago. Despite the dedication U.S. Agency for International and able to collect, member and expertise of countless Foreign Serv- Development. One is the long- perspectives. The Quadren- ice professionals, many U.S. assistance awaited nomination of Rajiv nial Diplomacy and Develop- programs — particularly the ambitious Shah as USAID Administrator. ment Review now under way reconstruction/nationbuilding efforts The other is the progress of the Kerry- offers a timely process to do just this. conducted in Afghanistan and Iraq dur- Lugar bill on foreign assistance reform, We hear a lot about the profound ing recent years — have failed to meet though consensus remains elusive. changes marking the end of the 20th their targets. There are undoubtedly Before we initiate any major over- century and beginning of the 21st. Yet many possible explanations for these haul of development assistance pro- only rarely do we see attempts to ex- shortcomings, many of them involving grams and structures, we need a better plore their impact on diplomacy and de- local factors, but we cannot address understanding of the new global situa- velopment. In particular, the challenges them until we acknowledge them. tion that we face. To put it bluntly, we of climate change, energy and food se- We need more thoughtful and more do not have a firm enough grasp of it to curity, and HIV/AIDS and other health inclusive discourse on these questions, undertake intelligent reform. Getting issues are global in scope, and are not gathered via a process that actively seeks on top of these trends should be our pri- susceptible to unilateral American ac- out as many perspectives from as many ority. Only then can we formulate an ef- tion. This reality impels us to use our stakeholders as possible. Once we have fective foreign policy that makes the resources and leadership to forge re- a consensus on how these changes af- best possible use of the respective roles gional and global multilateral coalitions fect and reshape the respective missions that diplomacy and development play in to address these problems. of State and USAID, we can then de- the global arena. Moreover, the pace of societal fine requirements in terms of struc- Once that conceptual work has been change and the exponential process of tures, processes and training. done, we can focus on repairing the globalization have both become so rapid Toward that end, if you have views fractious organizational relationship be- that our very ability to anticipate prob- to share, particularly on how these two tween State and USAID. Toward that lems and opportunities has decreased agencies can work together most effec- end, the Obama administration needs correspondingly. In response to this tively to promote and protect our long- to pursue a consultative process that is phenomenon, we need to place a pre- term national interests, or how AFSA more inclusive of differing perspectives. mium on flexibility, communications ca- might more efficiently collect and share This means tapping the views of devel- pacity and knowledge — not just the views and recommendations from pro- opment practitioners as well as diplo- gathering of information. fessionals and diplomats in the field, mats — past and present, and from all Equally important is the question of please send them to me (Johnson@ how effective our assistance programs afsa.org) and USAID VP Francisco Susan R. Johnson is the president of the have been. The Marshall Plan still rep- Zamora ([email protected]). We American Foreign Service Association. resents one of the few examples of a look forward to hearing from you. ■ JANUARY 2010/FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL 5 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 6 01-15_FSJ_0110_FRO:first 12/18/09 7:47 AM Page 7 LETTERS Progress Within “T” Foreign Service has the expertise it re- tions in my article, can go a long way In a June 2008 Foreign Service quires: toward equipping the Foreign Service Journal article (“Rewarding Functional 1) It has elevated the Under Secre- to address the problems our nation Policy Expertise”), I outlined steps that tary’s Award for Excellence in Interna- faces.