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CACC Standard 3J Patriot Peter Salem African-American CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 1 CACC Standard 3J Peter Salem 1750 - 1816 Peter Salem was born a slave. His owner, Jeremiah Belknap, named him after his hometown of Salem, Massachusetts. Peter Salem was sold to Major Lawson Buckminster, who freed Salem. Salem became one of the Minutemen heroes of the American Revolutionary War. CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 2 CACC Standard 3J Peter Salem 1750 - 1816 On April 19, 1775, Salem fought at Concord, Massachusetts. On June 17, 1775, fought with Captain Drury at the Battle of Bunker Hill. British General William Howe attacked three times without success. In this battle the Americans had 400 dead and wounded men; the British lost more than 1000. CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 3 CACC Standard 3J Peter Salem 1750 - 1816 Peter Salem has been credited with killing British Major Pitcairn at the height of combat. In John Trumbull’s famous painting “Battle at Bunker’s Hill” (shown on the next slide), Major Pitcairn is dying under the British flag, being held up by his son and another officer. Salem is at the far right - behind an American officer. CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 4 CACC Standard 3J “Battle at Bunker’s Hill” Major Pitcairn Peter Salem CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 5 CACC Standard 3J “Battle at Bunker’s Hill” Peter Salem CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 6 CACC Standard 3J Peter Salem 1750 - 1816 After the war, Peter Salem built a cabin near Leicester, Massachusetts, and worked as a cane weaver. He died in the Framingham poorhouse in 1816. He is buried at the Old Burying Ground. In 1882, the town of Framingham erected a monument in his honor. CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 7 CACC Standard 3J Peter Salem 1750 - 1816 CACC Training Aid 37-T-5 Last Modified 15 Sep 07 8.

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Peter Salem Little is known of Peter’s early life. It is known that he was born as a slave in Framingham, Massachusetts sometime around the year 1750. Peter’s original owner was Jeremiah Belknap, who sold Peter to Lawson Buckminister who allowed Salem to enlist in the Massachusetts Minutemen (militia). In exchange for enlisting in the army, Peter received his freedom. Peter served in the Colonial Army until the end of war. He also fought at Concord and at Saratoga. Peter Salem has been credited with killing Major Pitcairn, the leader of the British forces storming Bunker hill. According to the story, the colonial troops were near defeat, and British Major John Pitcairn ordered them to surrender. Salem then stepped forward and shot Pitcairn. The British were temporarily stunned, and the Americans were able to retreat. After the war Peter was a free man, making a living weaving baskets, dying in 1816. The Battle of Bunker Hill One of the most important colonial victories early in the U.S. War of Independence was the Battle of Bunker Hill, which was fought on June 17, 1775. Shortly after the battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, colonial troops from Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island assembled in the vicinity of Boston to stop a British army of 5,000 or more stationed there. General Ward, Commander- in-Chief of the Massachusetts Militia served as the overall commander of the New England troops. There were two obvious points from which Boston was vulnerable to artillery fire: Dorchester Heights, and two hills located in Charleston; Bunker's and Breed's.
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