Daymond John

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Daymond John Book Excerpt 1 POWERSHIFT Motivation for Light f I were to ask you the number one reason people don’t get close I to achieving their hopes and DAYMOND dreams, what would your answer be? JOHN Would you tell me it’s because is the found- er and CEO of they’ve started from a place of FUBU, a com- pany he started disadvantage? by taking out a Would you say it has something to $100,000 mort- gage on his do with unrealistic expectations? mother’s home and grew into Would you point to a bad boss, a a $6 billion life- style brand with bad economy, or some other barrier worldwide rec- to achievement, opportunity, or ognition. Today, he is an inves- reward? tor on ABC’s award-winning We’ve all got our excuses to ex- business show plain away a failure or disappoint- Shark Tank, a New York Times ment, and these are damn good bestselling au- thor and a high- ones. Some of them, I wouldn’t ly influential even call excuses — they’re more consultant and motivational like reasonable explanations. You speaker. 2 POWERSHIFT can always find a million reasons why something didn’t happen, but it’s up to you to find the one reason why it did happen. And that one reason better be a good reason. But the biggest reason most people fall short of their goals, outside of health challenges, is simply that they don’t take the time to think them through. They put it out there that they want to make partner, or they want to make a mil- lion dollars, or they want to start this or that business, but they don’t stop to think about why they want these things, or how these things might actually impact their lives. They just hop on the moving side- walk of life and let it take them where ev- eryone else is going. Back in the day, when I was hanging ’round all those video sets trying to get all those rappers and hip-hop artists to wear our clothes in their videos, I decided to take a film-making course at the New York Film Academy. I wanted to know 3 POWERSHIFT what the hell I was talking about, what everyone else was talking about. This was me, doing my homework, laying in a foundation, going the extra mile … all of that. It had nothing to do with designing a clothing line, but in my mind it had ev- erything to do with shifting the power in my favor, so I went out and learned what I could. One of the things I learned was a term called motivation for light, which I’m pinching here for the title of this chapter. Why? Well, to a lighting direc- tor, that’s the single most important fac- tor when you’re setting up a shot. Doesn’t matter if it’s random light, a filter light, sunlight … whatever. If there’s a light in a shot, on a character’s face, you damn well better know why it’s there. They’ve even got an acronym for it: MFL. Once you learn about it, you’ll never watch a mov- ie the same way. You’ll see a scene lit by candlelight, or a sliver of light creeping in through the crack of a closed door, or 4 POWERSHIFT through a half-opened shade on a window, and you’ll know it’s been discussed and considered into the ground. So I ask you, what’s your motivation for light? What are you looking to highlight or illuminate in your life or career? In oth- er words, what is your why? I’m reminded here of that great line from Friday Night Lights — “Clear eyes, full hearts, can’t lose.” Clear eyes, to me, means having a plan, a clear set of goals, maybe even a specific outcome. Get that covered, and you’re that much closer to getting it done. How much closer? Well, according to a 2017 project management study put out by PMI Pulse of the Profes- sion, a lack of clear goals was reported as the most common reason (37 percent) for under-performance or project failure. Not too long ago, I emceed an event for AARP. They’ve been a brand partner of mine for several years, because I love the way the organization is committed to em- 5 POWERSHIFT powering its members as they enter the next stage of their life — with education- al programming, community outreach, live events, and much more. At the event, someone in the audience pointed out that most people just dig in at work and go through the motions of living without stopping to think about what they want out of life or what they’re willing to put into it. I said, “Damn right. That’s why there are so many opportunities for those of us who take the time to honestly assess our strengths and weaknesses, our assets and liabilities.” I hear all the time from people who tell me they’re not happy, they’re not fulfilled, they want to make some sort of change, and I can tell they’re looking to me to help them find someone or something to blame. If they’re honestly looking for help and searching for answers, I put it back on them. I tell them the reason they’re not happy is because they don’t know what 6 POWERSHIFT they’re looking for. Happiness doesn’t just up and find you on its own. You’ve got to have a clear idea of what happiness is — what your happiness is — and get after it. You’ve got to step off that moving sidewalk and set your own trail. This is a hard mes- sage for a lot of people to hear. We like to think we’ve got it all figured out, or that if we follow along on what I call The Path of How Things Have Always Been Done it’ll eventually take us where we want to go. But that’s not usually the case. We like what comes easy. But that doesn’t always get us any closer to the happiness we’re looking to find.One of the key drivers in life is knowing what you want. If you’re fortunate enough to be a parent, you might have noticed that your kids al- ways have their eyes on the prize. But as we get older, that clarity, that focus, often begins to fade. We forget the why behind the things we do and the choices we make. When I listen to people tell me they’re 7 POWERSHIFT not happy or fulfilled, I always put it back on them. I say, “Well, what do you want? What will make you happy?” More often than not, they’ll have no idea, or no abil- ity to put what they want into words, be- cause they haven’t allowed themselves to think in this way. So I’ll put it back on them again and tell them to get back to me when they’ve figured it all out. Af- ter all, happiness and fulfillment and all those elusive qualities we seek are like any of the tangible objectives we hold out in front of us. Think about it: We can talk pretty specifically about making our first million, or getting the corner of- fice, or being able to afford a dream va- cation, so why don’t we put the same amount of thought and energy into recognizing what it is we truly want in life? Otherwise, you could be working hard and busting your ass but really have no idea where you’re trying to go. Here’s another way to think of it: You 8 POWERSHIFT need to dig a little deeper in your thinking, so the goal is not just about making your first million — it’s about what you plan to do with all that money. It’s not just about landing that sweet corner office — it’s what you hope to accomplish once you’re in a position of power. And it’s not just about setting off on that dream vacation — it’s about what you hope to discover about yourself, or the person you’re traveling with, that will help to recharge your bat- teries and power your days going forward. What do you really want out of life? One good way to help you figure this out is to sit down and write your own obitu- ary. It sounds a little morbid, I know, but it’s a great exercise. It forces you to think through what’s important, how you’d like to be remembered, what kind of footprint you want to leave here on this earth. I write mine every ten years, and when I do, it helps to frame my days going forward. It gives me clarity and helps me to recognize 9 POWERSHIFT where it is I want to go and how I mean to get there. I know with me it took a good long while before it felt like I had this figured out. And it can change over time, too. When I was younger, I’d always been about making money — I had my hustles and my side hus- tles since I was a little kid. I saw dollar signs in every transaction, but that’s all. I was constantly running these equations in my head, trying to decide if a job or a project or even a relationship was worth my time.
Recommended publications
  • View December 2013 Report
    MOBILE SMART FUNDAMENTALS MMA MEMBERS EDITION DECEMBER 2013 messaging . advertising . apps . mcommerce www.mmaglobal.com NEW YORK • LONDON • SINGAPORE • SÃO PAULO MOBILE MARKETING ASSOCIATION DECEMBER 2013 REPORT A Year of Transformation The new-year invariably kicks off with a slew of predictions, many of which are being usefully defined and shared by our global and regional board members, and many of which are likely to come to fruition or certainly build in momentum. The one area that we feel is certain to gain momentum and have a huge impact on how the mobile industry develops in 2014 is the number of brands that we will see moving from the sidelines and fully into the game. The impact of this will be seen both in the gains in mobile spend as brands move away from the 1% average that we’ve been seeing and start moving towards 10-15% mobile spend with increased ROIs as a result. We will also start to see how mobile is driving both innovation in marketing and transformation of business. As always, the MMA will be providing support and guidance for the entire industry, shining a light on inspiration, capability development, measurement and advocacy allowing all constituents to continue building their businesses, with mobile at its core. We look forward to supporting you and the industry. I wish you much success in 2014. Onwards, Greg Stuart INTRODUCTION 2 MOBILE MARKETING ASSOCIATION DECEMBER 2013 REPORT Table of Contents EXECUTIVE MOVES 4 PUBLIC COMPANY ANALYSIS 7 M&A TRANSACTIONS 9 FINANCING TRANSACTIONS 13 MMA OVERVIEW 25 HIDDEN RIVER OVERVIEW 26 Greg Stuart Todd Parker CEO, Mobile Marketing Association Managing Director, Hidden River [email protected] [email protected] MOBILE MARKETING ASSOCIATION DECEMBER 2013 REPORT Executives on the Move Name New Company Old Company New Company Summary Date T-Mobile is a mobile telephone operator headquartered in Gary King Chief Information Officer, T-Mobile Chief Information Officer, Chico's FAS 12/20/13 Bonn, Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shark Tankeffect
    REALITY BITES THE SHARK TANK EFFECT APPEARING ON Shark Tank is one of the best things that ing from a pre-Shark Tank $900,000 to a projected can happen to a company, as the data below demon- $17 million for 2015. But not all contenders excel strates. We’ve analyzed the show’s impact on the 10 (ToyGaroo, not listed, got $200,000 and then went companies that got the biggest investments from the bankrupt), because some get big investments before Sharks as of March 30. Just making an appearance, they get their bearings. The lesson? Build a healthy whether or not the Sharks invest or the promised invest- company before asking for cash. As Daymond John ment happens, can give companies a boost. Tom+Chee told Inc. recently, “I want my money to be used to fuel got just $20,000 after the show, but its revenue is soar- the car, not make it.” —JOHN BRANDON COMPANIES RANKED BY CHANGE IN CHANGE IN CHANGE IN AMOUNT INVESTED REVENUE VALUATION SOCIAL MEDIA BY THE SHARKS FOLLOWERS $40M TEN THIRTY ONE +12,500% — “Growth can be like ZIPZ crack for highly driven people,” says CEO $3.5 MILLION Melissa Carbone. “It’s Single-serving wine $35M easy to get caught up in trying to take advantage of every TEN THIRTY ONE opportunity, but $2 MILLION that’s a great way to sink yourself.” Live horror HY-CONN production — +10,000% RUGGED MANIAC This company’s $30M massive deal fell $1.8 MILLION apart after the Mud runs and show taped.
    [Show full text]
  • Inc. 5000 Profiles
    REAL WISDOM of TALK OUR 2020 the CROWD Inc.’s favorite entrepreneurs offer the best of REAL TALK, their smartest advice on succeeding in the coming year. SPONSORED BY THE INC. 5000 HONOREES WHOSE PROFILES APPEAR IN THE FOLLOWING PAGES. When you speak to as many founders as Inc. does,does, you get expert insights into just about every issueissue crucial to building a breakout business. The most succesuccessfulssful of those folks can be found in Real Talk interviews, a showcase for hard-won wiwisdomsdom from people who have faced the punipunishingshing challenges of entrepreneentrepreneurshipurship and prevailed to become household namenames.s.• In the pagepagess that follow, you’ll find their their insights insights distilled distilled into into memorable memorable quotes quotes chosen chosen by our editors. You’ll also find profiles of ofa fewa few of ofour our 2020 2020 Inc. Inc. 5000 5000 honoree honorees,s, each one just a step away from that same kind of succesuccess.ss. In fact, don’t be surprisurprisedsed if you see one or two of them in these pagepagess next year.• Until then, it’s with their support that we’we’veve collected the best of this year’s Real Talk and prepresentsent it to you here. We hope you enjoy it—and that it offers just what you need to continue on the journey to your own seat at the Real Talk table. Inc.’s Real Talk video series features entre­ preneurial luminaries weighing in with advice and insights on everything from pitching investors to leading during a crisis. Watch them all at inc.com/ real­talk.
    [Show full text]
  • Ch17eventguide.Pdf
    SEE YOU SOON! In our ever-changing industry, it has become even more important for us at ASI to create the environment, products and services to help you, our members, do what you need to do to set yourself apart and grow your business. Ask yourself these questions: I How am I sourcing my products? I Where am I finding new and creative ideas to offer my clients? I How am I connecting with my suppliers, and sourcing new partners? I How am I meeting other distributors that I can lean on and learn from? I Where am I learning about new trends happening in business, technology and the industry? The answer to all of these questions can be simple…at the ASI Show. And, with our new theme for 2017 – Creating Connections. Inspiring Creativity. – we have built in new networking events, education courses and areas on the show floor to help you build connections and inspire your creative side. I, along with the whole ASI Show family, look forward to hosting you this year in Chicago. Take your time and look through this event guide to see what we have in store for you. I’ll see you in July, Rita Ugianskis-Fishman Sr. Vice President and General Manager, ASI Show 2 Register for FREE today: www.asishow.com WHAT WILL YOU DO? EDUCATION DAY – TUESDAY, JULY 11 Registration Open ........................................................... 7:45 a.m.-5:00 p.m. How to Get the Most Out of Your Trade Show Experience ...................................................8:15 a.m.-8:45 a.m. FREE to ASI Members Education Courses ..........................................................9:00 a.m.-3:50 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Match and the Gender Gap in Venture Capital Financing: Evidence from Shark Tank
    DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 14069 Gender Match and the Gender Gap in Venture Capital Financing: Evidence from Shark Tank Michael Jetter Kieran Stockley JANUARY 2021 DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 14069 Gender Match and the Gender Gap in Venture Capital Financing: Evidence from Shark Tank Michael Jetter University of Western Australia, IZA and CESifo Kieran Stockley University of Western Australia JANUARY 2021 Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world’s largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ISSN: 2365-9793 IZA – Institute of Labor Economics Schaumburg-Lippe-Straße 5–9 Phone: +49-228-3894-0 53113 Bonn, Germany Email: [email protected] www.iza.org IZA DP No. 14069 JANUARY 2021 ABSTRACT Gender Match and the Gender Gap in Venture Capital Financing: Evidence from Shark Tank* Although the gender gap in entrepreneurs’ success rates to secure funding is staggering, we know little about its causes.
    [Show full text]
  • Daymond John
    DAYMOND JOHN A young entrepreneur, an industry pioneer, a highly regarded marketing expert, and a man who has surpassed new heights of commercial and financial success are just a few ways people have described Daymond John. Over the last 20 years, Daymond has evolved from one of the most successful fashion icons of his generation to one of the most sought after branding experts, business, and motivational speakers in the country. Daymond’s creative vision and strong knowledge of the marketplace helped him create one of the most iconic fashion brands in recent years. FUBU, standing for “For Us By Us”, represented a lifestyle that was neglected by other clothing companies. Realizing this need in the marketplace, Daymond created the untapped urban apparel space and laid the groundwork for other companies to compete in this newly established market. Daymond grew up in the community of Hollis, Queens, New York which was quickly becoming known as the birthplace of the new genre of music called Hip-Hop, with acts like RUN DMC and Salt-N-Pepa rapidly making names for themselves. Being surrounded in this influential neighborhood helped spur the inspiration for his clothing line that would ultimately change the fashion world. His first foray into the apparel market came when he wanted a tie-top hat he had seen in a popular music video but could not find one for a good price. With the sewing skills he had learned from his mother, Daymond started making the hats for himself and his friends. Realizing he was on to something, Daymond made a sizeable order of the tie-top hats, sold them on the streets of Queens one day, and made $800 in just a few hours.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Impulse, Front-End & Checklane Program Education & EPPS
    2020 Impulse, Front-End & Checklane Program Education & EPPS Programs ECRM's educational sessions provide EPPS attendees with the opportunity to learn from thought leaders and category experts on a variety of topics aimed at their professional development. These sessions include presentations, moderated panel discussions, special events, workshops, and roundtable discussions focused on category insights and trends, as well as hands-on workshops to help buyers and sellers enhance the effectiveness of their meetings during an EPPS. Tuesday, January 28, 2020 The Nuances & Psychology Around Impulse Purchase 45 minutes John’s presentation will focus on the nuances and psychology around impulse purchase. He will dig into how and why consumers engage with and subconsciously react to specific brands and products. What are key drivers in getting consumers to shop beyond their list and interact with brands spontaneously in a meaningful way. John will share current and future impulse trends to stimulate imagination and assist the audience in implementing those ideas into actionable brand building practices. John founded Little Big Brands in 2001 with the desire to create a different kind of branding firm; dedicated to always doing what’s right for clients while fostering an environment where employees can thrive and truly find balance. Under his leadership, LBB has become a force within the industry. John’s 25+ career has included time spent at some of the most respected branding consultancies in the world, and he’s been instrumental in successful brand initiatives for clients like Burger King, Coca-Cola, KIND, Gillette, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Unilever and Campbells. In 2011, he was named to GDUSA’s prestigious “People to Watch” list.
    [Show full text]
  • Daymond John of ABC's “Shark Tank” to Speak at UW-River Falls
    University Communications • 120 North Hall • 410 S. 3rd Street, River Falls, WI 54022 • 715-425-3771 • Fax 715-425-4486 Daymond John of ABC’s “Shark Tank” to Speak at UW-River Falls Scholarship Benefit February 24, 2015--Daymond John, founder and CEO of the global lifestyle brand FUBU and star of ABC’s “Shark Tank,” will headline the Fourth Annual Scholarship Benefit Dinner on Friday, April 24, at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls. Tickets for the event are now on sale. An award-winning entrepreneur, John founded his business, FUBU, in the basement of his mother’s house and built it into a celebrated brand with more than $6 billion in product sales. A highly influential and sought after consultant and motivational speaker, John has been part of the cast of ABC’s entrepreneurial business show "Shark Tank," seen weekly by millions of viewers, since 2009. John has received more than 35 awards including the Brandweek Marketer of the Year, Advertising Age Marketing 1000 Award for Outstanding Ad Campaign, and Ernst and Young’s New York Entrepreneur of the Year Award. His marketing firm, Shark Branding, offers advice on how to communicate effectively to consumers through innovative means and connects brands with the world’s top celebrities from endorsements to product extensions. He is the author of two best-selling books, “Display of Power” and “The Brand Within.” The UW-River Falls Annual Scholarship Benefit has been raising funds to support student scholarships since 2012 and has helped UWRF earn second place among comprehensive universities in the UW System for scholarship dollars awarded annually.
    [Show full text]
  • Daymond John
    Daymond John A young entrepreneur, industry pioneer, highly regarded marketing expert and a man who has surpassed new heights of commercial and financial success are just a few ways people have described Daymond John. Over the last 20 years, Daymond John (The Shark) has evolved from one of the most successful fashion icons of his generation to a highly sought after branding expert, author, consultant, and as a speaker in business and motivational genres. Daymond’s creative vision and strong knowledge of the marketplace created one of the most iconic fashion brands in recent years. FUBU, (“For Us By Us”), represented a lifestyle that was neglected by other clothing companies. Realizing this need in the marketplace, Daymond helped to create the untapped urban apparel space and laid the groundwork for other companies to compete in this newly established market. www.AmericasSBDC.org/conference Page 2 Daymond grew up in the community of Hollis, Queens, which was an incubator for stars of a new genre of music called Hip-Hop. With acts like RUN DMC, Salt-N-Peppa, and LL Cool J rapidly making names for themselves, Daymond was surrounded by people who gave him the inspiration to create a clothing line, which would ultimately change the fashion world. His first foray into the apparel market came when he wanted a tie-top hat he had seen in a popular music video, but could not find one for a good price. With the sewing skills he had learned from his mother, Daymond started making the hats for himself and his friends.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Differences in Venture Capital Funding on ABC's Shark Tank THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
    Gender Differences in Venture Capital Funding on ABC’s Shark Tank THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration with Honors Research Distinction Degree in the Max M. Fisher College of Business of The Ohio State University By Tyler Jordon Hunt Finance Specialization in Business Administration The Ohio State University 2016 Dissertation Committee: Patricia West Ralph Greco Copyrighted by Tyler Jordon Hunt 2016 Abstract ABC Network’s reality television show “Shark Tank” gives entrepreneurs the opportunity to pitch their ideas to a panel of investors for the chance to receive funding. Each season more than 35,000 entrepreneurs apply to be on the show. Whether they receive an offer for funding or not, they still stand to gain the free advertising that comes with appearing on a show with more than seven million average viewers per episode. Although there are abundant resources for knowledge on Shark Tank, women in venture capital, and behavioral gender differences, sources are lacking on gender differences in venture capital funding on Shark Tank. The purpose of this research is to determine if differences exist in how entrepreneurs receive funding based on their gender. To analyze this, I utilized two publicly available datasets containing information on the pitches aired on the show. These datasets were cleansed and merged to form one data set with thirty- five variables spanning across four seasons and 235 pitches. I found that despite having comparable or better businesses than their male counterparts, women ask for lower valuations and accept deals at a lesser percentage of what they asked for compared to men.
    [Show full text]
  • Meet the Predators
    volume 5 issue 9/2016 MEET THE PREDATORS THE BRANDING PRACTICES BEHIND DRAGONS’ DEN, SHARK TANK AND HÖHLE DER LÖWEN Sabine Baumann Jade University Department of Management, Information, Technology Friedrich-Paffrath-Str. 101 26389 Wilhelmshaven Germany [email protected] Ulrike Rohn Tallinn University Baltic, Film, Media, Arts and Communication School (BFM) Centre of Excellence in Media Innovation and Digital Culture (MEDIT) Narva mnt 27, 10120 Tallinn Estonia [email protected] Abstract: The TV industry has traditionally relied on advertising and subscription fees for revenue. Recently, brand extensions and co-branding strategies have been rediscovered as income sources. A prominent example of such a strategy is the TV format Dragons’ Den, which has been locally produced in many different countries. We use this intriguing case to explore the extensive and intricate co-branding relationships and brand extensions in the business-to-consumer and the business-to-business settings of TV companies. Our paper analyses global adaptations and cultural branding of Dragons’Den; in particular, brand extensions and co-branding strategies. Keywords: business practices, international TV formats, co-branding, brand extensions, cultural branding, finance, localisation, celebrity entrepreneur In times of ever-increasing information and entertainment choice across a growing number of media platforms, being noticed by audiences is increasingly important and difficult. Being able to offer a brand that adds emotional and value-driven attributes to a media product helps advertisers attract audiences and stand out from the mass of media products offered.1 Furthermore, having a recognizable brand among one’s product portfolio may help to garner advertising revenues from export or licensing agreements.2 1 Sabine Baumann, ‘Media Branding from an Organizational and Management-Centered Perspective’, in Gabriele Siegert et al., eds., Handbook of Media Branding, 2015, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship, Business and Mental Health Madison Bregman
    Santa Clara University Scholar Commons Advanced Writing: Pop Culture Intersections Student Scholarship 9-4-2019 The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship, Business and Mental Health Madison Bregman Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/engl_176 Part of the American Popular Culture Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, Film and Media Studies Commons, and the Nonfiction Commons Recommended Citation Bregman, Madison, "The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship, Business and Mental Health" (2019). Advanced Writing: Pop Culture Intersections. 36. https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/engl_176/36 This Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Advanced Writing: Pop Culture Intersections by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maddie Bregman ENGL 106 9.4.19 Entrepreneurship, Business & Mental Health Introduction In a blog post titled, “Some Practical Thoughts on Suicide,” entrepreneur, author and podcaster Tim Ferriss says that “If you’re driven, an entrepreneur, a Type-A personality or a hundred other things, mood swings are part of your genetic hardwiring. It’s a blessing and a curse.” And while older generations looked up to athletes and celebrities such as Michael Jordan, The Beatles and Michael Jackson, today we instead look up to entrepreneurs like Sara Blakely (founder of Spanx), Gary Vaynerchuk (founder of VaynerX) and Mark Zuckerberg (founder of Facebook) who became extremely “successful” at a young age. This speaks to entrepreneurship’s increasing popularity in culture where much of Generation Z, born between 1996-2012, and Generation Alpha, born after 2010, want to become entrepreneurs.
    [Show full text]