February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E131 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

HONORING JOHN M. McCANN George and Vie Obern have dedicated and principle, a man who loves America more themselves to improving conditions for than anything, a great husband to his late wife HON. RAHM EMANUEL bicyclists, hikers and equestrians throughout Maxine, a great friend to all who have the OF ILLINOIS Santa Barbara County. George and Vie pleasure of making his acquaintance and, put IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Obern’s work led to the successful develop- simply, a decent and honorable American. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 ment of local trail and pathway projects, in- Mr. Speaker, Hal Shroyer of Adams, Coun- cluding the Maria Ygnacia Creek Bikepath, the ty, Colorado, is a true American treasure; and Mr. EMANUEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to con- Coastal Route Bikepath, the Juan Bautista de it is my tremendous honor to pay my most gratulate John M. McCann of Chicago on re- Anza National Historic Trail and many others. heartfelt respects to him and his legacy of ceiving the Dr. Robert Hamilton Special Serv- During the 1970s, George and Vie Obern leadership and patriotism. ice Award in recognition of his years of excel- assumed a leadership role in the development lence and dedication to the DePaul University of many bikepaths and trails, working to bring f Athletic Department. consensus among local homeowners, special John McCann is being honored for his years districts, Caltrans, the Southern Pacific Rail- FEBRUARY SCHOOL OF THE of service to DePaul University as sports infor- road and county government regarding the MONTH mation director. From 1958 to 1973, John was need to build six miles of paved bikepath in the man responsible for the promotion of the midst of an urbanized area. HON. CAROLYN McCARTHY DePaul athletics, years that produced some of The Coastal Route and Maria Ygnacia OF NEW YORK the most exciting times in Blue Demons his- Creek bikepaths are the primary recreational tory. facilities for the Goleta Valley and are two of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A lifelong Chicagoan, John was raised on the best urban pathways in the State. On Jan- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 the city’s west side, attending St. Philip’s uary 20th, 2004, the Santa Barbara County Mrs. McCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speaker, School. During World War II, John was in the Supervisors designated the Coastal Bike it is with great pride that I announce the Early U.S. Navy, stationed on the USS Case. Upon Route in Goleta Valley as the ‘‘Obern Trail’’ in Childhood program in the Hempstead Union his return from the war, John enrolled at recognition of the hard work and dedication Free School District as School of the Month in DePaul University, beginning a relationship that George and Vie Obern exhibited in their the Fourth Congressional District for February that would last a lifetime. work to develop the trails. It is my pleasure 2004. After graduating from DePaul in 1950, John and honor to recognize the Oberns at this time began his career in education, first working as for their work in our community. The gen- The principal of the Early Childhood pro- a teacher at DePaul Academy. He later joined erosity and dedication of people like George gram is Florence Galloway, and the super- the ranks of teachers and administrators in the and Vie Obern are what make our community intendent of schools is Dr. Nathaniel Clay. The Chicago public schools, eventually becoming special, and I am happy to salute them. Early Childhood program serves almost 1,000 the principal of Lakeview’s Louis J. Agassiz students in the village of Hempstead’s first Full Elementary School, a position he retired from f Day Kindergarten program. The faculty work in 1984. PAYING RESPECTS TO HAL to ensure children begin life on the right path, But John’s true passion was always with SHROYER with a strong commitment to education and DePaul athletics. As sports information direc- family values. tor, John oversaw the publicity and media cov- HON. BOB BEAUPREZ The administrators and teachers of the Full erage of dominant years in Blue Demons bas- Day Kindergarten program are committed to OF COLORADO ketball, including the great teams of the 1960s teaching every child to read by the third grade IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that starred Howie Carl and Billy Haig. John through an enriched curriculum of math, was an integral part of the DePaul basketball Tuesday, February 10, 2004 science, and social studies. The students are family that was led by the legendary Coach Mr. BEAUPREZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today taught socialization skills that revolve around Ray Meyer and his longtime assistant, the late to pay respect to a great American, a great respect, sharing and interaction, a superior Frank McGrath. Coloradoan and a great Republican. combination. To John and his wife, Cay, family has al- My good friend, Hal Shroyer of Adams This invaluable program was spearheaded ways been a priority. Their son Kevin has fol- County, Colorado, is without question a giant by the current principal, Mrs. Florence Gallo- lowed in his footsteps as an educator, rising to in Colorado politics. As one who has toiled way, in 2003. Mrs. Galloway has dedicated his current position as principal of Jamieson through the political party leadership myself her life to improving the classroom and school School in Lincoln Park. John is most proud, from precinct committeeman to State chair- environment, while remaining active within the though, that Kevin and his two siblings, Mary man, I can honestly say that my State, our community. During her 48 years in education, and John, all attended his beloved alma country and our Republican Party have no Mrs. Galloway dedicated 35 to the Hempstead mater, DePaul. greater patriot and warrior than Mr. Shroyer. School District. After more than 2 decades of Mr. Speaker, I join with the people of Chi- For decades he has fought valiantly for the service at the Marshall Street Primary School, cago and the members of the DePaul family in causes and ideals of the GOP. Having served Mrs. Galloway accepted the position of coordi- recognizing the great honor being bestowed at all levels of party leadership, including his nator for the district’s pre-K program. Shortly upon John McCann and wish him continued chairmanship of the Adams County GOP, Hal after, Mrs. Galloway took on the role of prin- happiness in the future. Shroyer has represented the ideals and phi- cipal for the district’s newly formed Early f losophy of the Republican Party with civility, Childhood program, a task she has proudly PAYING TRIBUTE TO GEORGE AND grace and patriotism. A shrewd strategist, a served for 11 years. Mrs. Galloway will be re- VIE OBERN motivating leader and an appropriate role tiring this year after nearly a half-century of model for all who relish the thrill of partisan impeccable service. She will be greatly missed HON. LOIS CAPPS battle yet respect the integrity of the local op- not only in Hempstead but in the entire Fourth Congressional District. OF CALIFORNIA position, Hal Shroyer set the example in Colo- rado of what it means to be a party leader. Mr. Speaker, the faculty and students of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, we unfortunately live in an age Early Childhood program, along with the com- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 where honest differences about principles and munity, have created a wonderful learning en- Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, today I would policy too often give way to petty and personal vironment. I am proud to name the Hemp- like to pay tribute to two special citizens, attacks. Hal Shroyer may be among the last of stead Early Childhood program as the school George and Vie Obern. a dying breed. He is a great man of integrity of the month for February 2004.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K10FE8.001 E10PT1 E132 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 A LIFE OF SERVICE AND all care about, particularly since women from Mr. Hanley translated the keys to his busi- COURAGE—A TRIBUTE every State, of every ethnic and economic ness success as a local funeral director into background are diagnosed and treated for the his Congressional office operations, attending HON. KAY GRANGER disease every year. to personal details and providing timely re- OF TEXAS In my home State of Illinois, researchers es- sponse to constituent requests. He was a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES timate that over 10,000 women will develop thoughtful and gracious man who actively leg- breast cancer during the coming year. Their islated on behalf of the best interests of the Tuesday, February 10, 2004 lives depend on early detection and early, ef- people he served. Ms. GRANGER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to fective treatment. When Americans send let- After his retirement, the Federal office build- pay tribute to a young man from my district ters and cards using the Breast Cancer ing in downtown Syracuse was named James who exemplified great courage while serving Stamp, they aren’t just showing that they’ve M. Hanley Federal Building by this institution his country. Army Spc. Jason Chappell was contributed to the cause of research. They are in his honor. On behalf of the people of the fatally wounded 2 weeks ago in Iraq when a reminding their friends and loved ones about central New York district he represented, I ex- suicide bomber hit his vehicle. the importance of self examination and mam- tend our deepest sympathies and thanks to Chappell displayed his extraordinary com- mograms. They are promoting vigilance, his wife Rita, son Peter, daughter Christine, mitment to fight for freedom and justice. Free- awareness, and involvement in the fight four grandchildren, and great-grandson. dom and justice are the building blocks of de- against breast cancer. They are showing that Mr. Speaker, I also respectfully request that mocracy, and these values are the heartbeat increased awareness makes a considerable remarks made during the Hon. James M. Han- of all our soldiers who fight for our country difference for every woman diagnosed with ley funeral at St. Patrick’s Church in Syracuse, every day. breast cancer. NY, be embodied into the RECORD. Remarks Chappell’s wife, Stephanie, reflects on her The American people have shown they rec- were spoken by John Mahoney, former Chief husband’s kind nature by describing him as an ognize the necessity of investment in breast of Staff to the late Representative James M. ‘‘angel’’ who ‘‘wanted nothing more than to cancer research through their continued pur- Hanley: help other people.’’ chase of these stamps, and I urge my col- Thirty years or so ago, after a tough redis- Specialist Chappell served in the Army’s 1st leagues to support the reauthorization of this tricting, Jim ended up with a Congressional Cavalry Division’s Company B in Fort Hood, program. I also remind my colleagues that seat that ran from Oswego County to the Texas. He is remembered by his family as one there is still work to be done. Pennsylvania border. It was so politically Along with this bill, I am proud to have co- lopsided, even the cows were enrolled Repub- who was devoted to family and country and licans. dedicated to the causes of justice, freedom, sponsored six other breast cancer related bills The campaign was brutal—16 to 20 hours a and peace. which currently await further action in this day. He lived an extraordinary life, rich with love, Congress. Among them are proposals to pro- On one particular day, we started off about laughter, and pride. As a Member of Con- vide funding and authorization for the National 6:00 a.m. at the gates of Crouse Hinds, shak- gress, I rise today to acknowledge Specialist Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to ing hands with both the graveyard shift com- Chappell and his family for his sacrifice and expand research on environmental and age- ing off duty and the first shift going on. During the course of the morning, Jim did service to the cause of freedom and the war related factors in breast cancer prevalence, a radio talk show in Syracuse, then went to against terror. authorization of additional funding to the Na- a neighborhood coffee klatch in Cazenovia, Our thoughts and prayers go out to Jason tional Institute of Health for early detection and spoke at a service club luncheon in Norwich, Chappell’s wife and family. May you be prevention programs, and legislation to require and met with a farm group outside Deposit. strengthened and comforted in this challenging private health insurance plans to provide cov- We then drove back up to Oxford for a Din- time. erage for minimum hospital stays for major ner, and about 10:00 headed back toward Syr- acuse—because we had to be at another plant f breast cancer-related surgery. I ask my col- gate at 6:15 in the morning. leagues to honor the spirit of the millions of Somewhere outside of Sherburne, I found IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 1385, BREAST citizens who made the Breast Cancer Stamp CANCER STAMP EXTENSION myself nodding behind the wheel. Since a success, by pledging your support to these there were just the two of us, and Jim was potentially life-saving measures still awaiting almost asleep already, I said ‘‘I’ve got to HON. RAHM EMANUEL action. stop for coffee or we’ll end up in a ditch, and OF ILLINOIS Mr. Speaker, I commend the gentleman some farmer will find us after the last snow IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from California for introducing this important in March.’’ legislation, and I ask my colleagues to support As we sat at a semi-circular counter—I Tuesday, February 10, 2004 with my eyes at half-mast, and Jim with his the passage of H.R. 1385. Mr. EMANUEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today as jaw only an inch or so off the counter—I f caught a glint of recognition in the eye of a a proud cosponsor and in strong support of truck driver across from us. He sat there H.R. 1385, which extends the authorization of TRIBUTE TO FORMER stirring his coffee and stared at Jim’s be- a special postage stamp to benefit breast can- CONGRESSMAN JAMES M. HANLEY draggled appearance. Finally he said, ‘‘There cer research. must be some benefit to that business that I Since its introduction in July 1998, the HON. JAMES T. WALSH JUST CAN’T SEE.’’ The mysterious benefit that he couldn’t Breast Cancer Stamp has provided the Amer- OF NEW YORK see was the very benefit that I knew drove ican people with a way to directly support IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES breast cancer research. The stamp carries a Jim Hanley. It was the opportunity to serve Tuesday, February 10, 2004 others: the ability to stand up for the little seven cent surcharge, which goes directly to guy. the life-saving research efforts of the National Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in Jim, who was a bread-and-butter liberal of Cancer Institute and the Department of De- tribute to former Congressman James M. Han- the old school, saw a unique beauty in the fense Breast Cancer Research Program. The ley. Mr. Hanley, who died earlier this month, people who were up against the odds: the im- American people have demonstrated that they served eight terms in the U.S. House of Rep- poverished veteran; the kid from the ghetto care about this research by purchasing over resentatives from 1965 to 1981. At his retire- who had two strikes against him before he 430 million stamps. That’s a direct, voluntary ment at the conclusion of the 96th Congress, was seven; the widow trying to survive on Social Security; the abused family; the contribution of over $30 million to this cause, he was chairman of the House Committee on breadwinner broken by unemployment; the one stamp at a time. Post Office and Civil Service. farmer driven to the wall by corporate agri- The American public has opened their I have been fortunate to know Congressman business. hearts to women everywhere by acknowl- Hanley throughout my life, as he was a resi- He knew that the comfortable and the con- edging that breast cancer is a disease which dent of the same Tipperary Hill neighborhood nected would always be able to fend for can affect all of our families. Indeed, more in Syracuse, NY, in which I grew up. A grad- themselves. But what about those who were than 2 million women in the United States uate of St. Lucy’s Academy in Syracuse and merely guests in the world of the ‘‘haves?’’ They needed an empathetic voice. have been diagnosed and treated for breast a veteran of World War II, Congressman Han- Jim was a simple man with a knack for un- cancer. One in eight women will develop ley won an upset election for Congress in raveling the complicated; he was a patient breast cancer during her lifetime, and 40,000 1964 based upon his reputation as an active man who was never very patient when it American women will die from the disease this community leader and successful business- came to the plight of the have-nots; he was year. Breast cancer is an issue that we should man. a patriotic man who wore his patriotism in

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K10FE8.005 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E133 his heart, not on his sleeve; he was a deeply A LIFE OF SERVICE AND COURAGE IN RECOGNITION OF JACK T. moral man who disdained the outward GENTRY trappings of feigned piety; he was the eternal optimist in an increasingly foreboding world. HON. KAY GRANGER HON. ROY BLUNT He also believed that government was the OF MISSOURI instrument of the people, not its enemy, and OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that some of the worst errors a society could IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES produce were sins of omission rather than Tuesday, February 10, 2004 sins of commission. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Mr. BLUNT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to One might be inclined to think that today Ms. GRANGER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor a man who has distinguished himself in marks the end of an era—but that only hap- southwest Missouri by his commitment to im- pens when we bury both the body and the pay tribute to a young man from my district proving our manufacturing sector and expand- spirit—and we certainly aren’t doing that who exemplified great courage while serving today. There are today literally hundreds of his country. Private First Class Ervin Dervishi ing our markets abroad. Jack T. Gentry of young and middle-aged people who have been was fatally wounded two weeks ago in Iraq Springfield, MO, is a builder, creator, inno- inspired by Jim’s love of the little guy. when his unit was attacked by grenade fire. vator, and motivator. He has worked aggres- This legacy will never die. sively to give manufacturers a voice in their Private Dervishi displayed his extraordinary community and government. Ten years ago, And speaking of love and legacies, a sub- commitment to fight for freedom and justice. he was the driving force in creating the ject that was nearest and dearest to Jim was Freedom and justice are the building blocks of Springfield Area Manufacturers Association his family. He spoke often, fondly and al- democracy, and these values are the heart- most reverentially, of his mother and father, (SAMA), the region’s first manufacturer’s asso- Mike and Alice Gillick Hanley; and, of beat of all immigrants, like Private Dervishi, ciation, and then served as its president. In course, he idolized Rita, Peter, Chris, and who fight for our country every day. September 2002, SAMA broadened its focus Jimmy, Jim, Patrick, Liza and Meg. It’s Born in Albania, Private Dervishi came to to include 40 manufacturers throughout south- often said that God never takes someone America with his brother and his parents in west Missouri, and the name was changed to home, but what he sends a new light in his search of a better life for their family. He the Southwest Area Manufacturers Associa- place. And so today, as Jim ascends that glo- tion. Today the organization represents more rious staircase, we welcome his and Rita’s quickly enrolled in his local high school and newest heir, on month old Dylan Michael. became a heralded athlete on the soccer field. than 60 manufacturing companies. Not merely settling for citizenship alone, Pri- The association’s mission and Jack Gentry’s A part of Jim’s other family is also present aim is to represent the economic, political, this morning—the team who worked side by vate Dervishi wanted to contribute to society. side with him on behalf of the folks in Cen- That’s why he began participating in a two- educational, and social interests of southwest tral New York. Tom DeYulia, Kate Ryan, year volunteer program called Young Explor- Missouri area manufacturers and their employ- Mike Kinsella, Bob Warne, Jim Ryan and ers with the Waxahachie Police Department. ees, while promoting the betterment of the several others. I know the thoughts I express At his memorial service, Private Dervishi’s ad- local economy and the environment, as well are shared by each of them as well. viser for Young Explorers, Police Chief Nathan as the well being of the manufacturing industry I would be remiss at this point, and I know Bickerstaff, praised this young man for his en- in southwest Missouri. Jim would be upset with me, if I didn’t shift thusiastic nature and fascination with law en- Jack Gentry has always been ahead of gears and include at least one humorous forcement. Police Chief Bickerstaff smiled as manufacturing trends and issues. More than a anecdote in my remarks. he recalled Private Dervishi telling him that decade ago, Jack and the Manufacturing As- As many of you realize, Jim was known af- someday he would become a police officer. sociation began taking action on issues that are center stage in manufacturing today. With fectionately on Capitol Hill as ‘‘Gentleman Private Dervishi moved to Fort Worth and Jim.’’ His civilized approach to everyone he his leadership, the Association developed joined the Army’s 4th Infantry Division in Fort net ran to the heart of his beliefs—the dig- awareness programs about how to find, cre- Hood, Texas, after graduating from Western nity of the individual. ate, and train a literate labor force. The asso- Hills High School. After deployment to Iraq, Sometimes that philosophy took on com- ciation contributed $37,000 to public schools Private Dervishi showed exemplary combat ical overtones. for technology and provided career awareness skills and was present at the capture of Sad- opportunities for high school students by Jim knew that one of the highest forms of dam Hussein. He was laid to rest with military respect was remembering another’s first hosting plant tours, internships, and school-to- honors, and Brig. Gen. Robert Crear pre- name. He had a legendary reputation for work initiatives. In 1993, Positronic Industries, sented the family with two distinctive post- that. Jack’s company and a founding SAMA mem- humous decorations—the Purple Heart and What many people didn’t realize was that ber, began working with the U.S. Department Bronze Star—for their son’s service. High- Jim had a slight impairment in one ear and of Labor and Ozarks Technical Community ranking officials of the Albanian government, so sometimes his hearing was skewed. College to develop company-paid apprentice- including President Alfred Moisiu, have also He remembered what he heard, but he ships in order to meet the need for a skilled recognized Private Dervishi’s mark in the didn’t always hear names correctly. workforce. To date, 128 employees have com- world by conferring the Golden Eagle Medal- pleted their training in nine areas and received One day at the Capitol, I was approached lion on Private Dervishi. This award is rarely by an old friend, Dick Conlon, who was the Department of Labor certification. staff director on one of the committees. He given, but it marks Private Dervishi as a mar- The association also initiated discussion said, ‘‘John I have a favor to ask. Jim is al- tyr for freedom and peace for two countries. about the impact of taxes, workers’ compensa- ways very gracious to me. He goes out of his Private Dervishi is remembered by his fam- tion, and health care costs on the manufac- way to stop and chat. But he invariably calls ily and peers as a true friend who was de- turing sector with government leaders. It was me Bill—and it’s embarrassing—especially if voted to family and country and dedicated to someone else is present.’’ I said I’d take care the first time in southwest Missouri that manu- of it, and proceeded to explain the situation the causes of justice, freedom, and peace. facturers spoke with a unified voice about their to Jim. Jim said, ‘‘I always thought his Private Dervishi understood more about concerns. name was Bill.’’ I repeated that it was Dick. freedom in his short life than many will in an Positronic Industries, founded by Jack in A week or so later Conlon stopped me entire lifetime. He lived an extraordinary life, 1966, embodies his manufacturing philos- again, and with a shrug of disappointment rich with love, laughter, and pride. As a Mem- ophy—work smart, expand markets, keep said, ‘‘Thanks a lot. Hanley came up to a ber of Congress, I rise today to acknowledge ahead of trends, and deliver a reliable, de- group of us yesterday, smiled and stuck out Private Dervishi and his family for their sac- pendable product. The bedrock of that philos- his hand to me, paused for a second or two rifice and service to the cause of freedom and ophy is a workforce of skilled employees. and, then said ‘Hi, uh, Tom. Keep up the the war against terror. Positronic employs 800 individuals worldwide good work.’’’ manufacturing high performance, high reli- At this point, I think its time for me to de- In his eulogy, Police Chief Bickerstaff vowed ability electronic connectors in ten facilities lo- part gracefully. I have been blessed with the to carry a photo of Private Dervishi as a re- cated throughout southwest Missouri, Puerto friendship and trust of one of God’s truly minder of his ultimate sacrifice, saying ‘‘he will Rico, France, and Singapore. fine men. always be a hero in my eyes.’’ In the face of adversity, Jack has dem- Jim, thanks for the chance to share in a Our thoughts and prayers go out to the onstrated repeatedly both his commitment to beautiful life. Dervishi family. May you be strengthened and his employees and his refusal to quit. When In your own words, ‘‘ ‘Till then...’’ comforted in this devastating time. the Positonic plant in Rogersville, MO, was

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.003 E10PT1 E134 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 destroyed by fire in 1983, Jack promised to re- families, as well as therapeutic services pro- cantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions build and put the 200 employees back to work vided by master’s-level social work staff. below current levels or we will quickly reach quickly. He kept his promise. In 6 weeks, the Koinonia Foster Homes’ mission is to pro- a point at which global warning can not be vide the highest quality treatment foster care reversed. This issue requires an effective re- plant was back in full production with full em- sponse from the U.S. Federal Government. ployment. In the two decades that followed, program available for children, youth and their Many local governments across the coun- Jack’s superior management skills enabled families. Regional offices throughout California try have made it a policy priority to reduce Positronic to flourish in an unpredictable eco- and Nevada support over 1,000 foster chil- greenhouse gas emissions. As mayors, we nomic environment. dren, utilizing approximately 500 certified fos- know that actions that promote energy con- At the same time, Jack gave his time and ter families. Koinonia’s largest program is its servation and efficiency, sustainable trans- energy to benefit those following in his manu- Therapeutic Foster Care Program which pro- portation (such as expanded mass transit, al- facturing legacy. During his service on several vides treatment-based foster care to children ternative fuel vehicles, and bike and pedes- trian safety amenities) and reduce solid boards and agencies, he has offered the gov- between the ages of birth through 18 years of waste also reduce greenhouse gas and cri- ernment invaluable advice on policy and prac- age who have been removed from their teria pollutants emissions and bring a host tices. Over the course of his career, Jack has homes. Other programs include Residential of benefits to our communities. These ac- served as a Technical Advisor on Group Homes, The Crisis Resolution Center, tions reduce financial waste for local govern- Electromechanical Components for Electronic The Day Treatment Program, and ments, businesses and citizens; they make Equipment to the International Electrotechnical Bridgehaven which is a co-ed transitional our communities more livable; they increase Commission, which sets worldwide standards housing program for youth ages 18–20. spending and economic investment in our for electronic equipment, and as the Secre- Koinonia Foster Homes is regarded as a lead- communities; and they increase the quality of life for current and future generations. tariat of the International Electrotechnical er in the care of at-risk children and the re- In addition to these benefits, two other Commission committee. In addition, he has cruitment of new foster homes. reasons have recently emerged that put re- been appointed to the Industry Sector Advi- Mr. Speaker, I commend Koinonia Foster ducing greenhouse gas emissions at the top sory Committee, which establishes policy for Homes, Inc., for the hope and compassion of the policy priority list. The first is energy imports and exports for electronic components that they have provided for our children and security. Switching to cleaner energy and was chairman of the Rectangular Con- communities. I urge my colleagues to join me sources, practicing conservation and maxi- nector Committee for the Electronic Industries. in wishing them many years of continued suc- mizing energy efficiency will ease U.S. de- Jack Gentry is a member of the President’s cess. pendence on foreign fossil fuel-based energy, and at the same time improve local air qual- Council of the National Association of Manu- f ity and public health. facturers and a strong advocate for American GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE The second driver is the simple fact that goods in the international market. He will be the people in our communities are calling on honored for his work and leadership by the us as elected leaders to address global warm- Southwest Area Manufacturers Association on HON. JOHN W. OLVER ing. A public mandate is emerging in cities February 18, 2004, and awarded lifetime hon- OF MASSACHUSETTS and towns across the country calling for gov- orary membership in SAMA as President IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernments at all levels to protect the global climate. Emeritus. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 As Mayors responsible for the well being of These honors are a fitting tribute to Jack Mr. OLVER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to our communities, we urge the federal gov- Gentry’s untiring effort to advance manufac- submit for the RECORD and draw my col- ernment to maintain, enhance and imple- turing, expand markets and improve the ment new domestic policies and programs leagues’ attention to the attached statement economies of southwest Missouri and the that work with local communities to reduce that was recently issued by a bipartisan group United States. global warming pollution, of 156 mayors from across the country regard- Initial Signatories: Mayor James Garner, f ing global climate change. These mayors rep- Hempstead NY; Mayor Ed Garza, San Anto- HONORING KOINONIA FOSTER resent more than 46 million people in local nio TX; Mayor R.T. Rybak, Minneapolis MN; HOMES, INC. communities ranging in size from 700 people Mayor Vera Katz, Portland OR; Mayor Dick in LaConner, Washington, to more than 4 mil- Murphy, San Diego CA. lion in Houston, Texas. The mayors state: HON. GEORGE RADANOVICH STATEMENT SIGNATORIES ‘‘Mayors from across the U.S. are concerned OF CALIFORNIA about the impacts of global warming on our Name City and state Population IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES communities. Many of us are actively pursuing Dan Coody ...... Fayetteville, AR ...... 58,047 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 reductions at the municipal level, but know it Jim Daley ...... Little Rock AR ...... 181,133 will take leadership at the national level to Patrick Hays ...... North Little Rock, AR ...... 60,433 Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise Beverly Johnson ...... Alameda, CA ...... 76,259 today to honor Koinonia Foster Homes, Inc., slow the rate of global warming. We urge the Bob Ornelas ...... Arcata, CA ...... 16,651 Federal Government to focus attention and Tom Bates ...... Berkeley, CA ...... 102,743 for their hard work and dedication on behalf of Stacey Murphy ...... Burbank, CA ...... 100,316 thousands of children and families who are in policy efforts on this critical issue.’’ Stephen Padilla ...... Chula Vista, CA ...... 200,000 I encourage my colleagues to read the at- Mike Nixon ...... Cloverdale, CA ...... 7,150 need of their services. A great example of Janet Kurvers ...... Cotati, CA ...... 6,700 their efforts will be taking place as they spon- tached statement in its entirety. The mayors’ Roberta Cooper ...... Hayward, CA ...... 144,721 statement serves as a reminder that Congress Leah Gold ...... Healdsburg, CA ...... 11,522 sor a community-wide, interdenominational Roosevelt F. Dorn ...... Inglewood, CA ...... 112,580 Honorary Pastors and Wives Luncheon on must get serious about addressing green- Beverly O’Neil ...... Long Beach, CA ...... 461,522 house gas reductions to minimize the impact Keb Kearsley ...... Malibu, CA ...... 12,575 February 17th in Fresno, CA. Dennis Kennedy ...... Morgan Hill, CA ...... 33,556 In 1982, Koinonia Foster Homes, Inc., was of global warming already felt across our David Smith ...... Newark, CA ...... 43,043 country. I look forward to working with my col- Jerry Brown ...... Oakland, CA ...... 399,484 founded by Miriam Golden who had previously Dena Mossar ...... Palo Alto, CA ...... 61,200 fostered over 37 abused and neglected chil- leagues to address this important issue. Davic Glass ...... Petaluma, CA ...... 54,548 U.S. MAYORS’ STATEMENT ON GLOBAL Tom Pico ...... Pleasanton, CA ...... 67,724 dren in addition to raising her own four natural Jonathan Sharkey ...... Port Hueneme, CA ...... 21,845 children. ‘‘Koinonia’’ is a Greek word that WARMING 2003 Grace Vargas ...... Fialto, CA ...... 91,873 means to communicate relationship and fel- Mayors from across the U.S. are concerned Irma Anderson ...... Richmond, CA ...... 99,216 about the impacts of global warming on our Armando Flores ...... Rohnert Park, CA ...... 42,236 lowship, which entails that their staff and fos- Heather Fargo ...... Sacramento, CA ...... 407,018 communities. Many of us are actively pur- Peter Kikus ...... San Anselmo, CA ...... 12,378 ter parents relate to children from a position of suing reductions at the municipal level, but Judith Valles ...... San Bernardino, CA ...... 185,401 trustworthiness, dependability and a deep Dick Murphy 1 ...... San Diego, CA ...... 1,275,112 know it will take leadership at the national Willie Brown ...... San Francisco, CA ...... 776,733 moral commitment. Koinonia Foster Homes is level to slow the rate of global warming. We Ron Gonzales ...... San Jose, CA ...... 894,943 a State-licensed, nonprofit organization that urge the Federal Government to focus atten- Shelia Young ...... San Leandro, CA ...... 79,452 Marty Blum ...... Santa Barbara, CA ...... 92,325 works in cooperation with county social serv- tion and policy efforts on this critical issue. Emily Reilly ...... Santa Cruz, CA ...... 54,593 ice agencies that remove children from their Global warming poses significant threats Richard Bloom ...... Santa Monica, CA ...... 84,084 homes due to abuse and neglect and then to communities across the country. We are Sharon Wright ...... Santa Rosa, CA ...... 147,595 already feeling impacts in the form of heat Craig Litwin ...... Sebastopol, CA ...... 7,750 refer them to Koinonia for placement in a fos- Julia Miller ...... Sunnyvale, CA ...... 131,760 waves, shrinking water supplies and snow Dan Walker ...... Torrance, CA ...... 137,946 ter home. Once referred to the program, pack, increased rates of asthma, floods and Ray DiGuilio ...... Ventura, CA ...... 9,157,540 Koinonia places these children in agency-cer- storms, and coastal erosion. Jeff Prang ...... West Hollywood, CA ...... 35,716 Helen Klanderud ...... Aspen, CO ...... 5,914 tified homes where they receive love and guid- The scientific community is very clear in William R. Toor ...... Boulder, CO ...... 94,673 ance from caring, committed and trained foster its warning—we must act now to signifi- John Fabrizi ...... Bridgeport, CT ...... 139,529

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.009 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E135 STATEMENT SIGNATORIES—Continued STATEMENT SIGNATORIES—Continued dren of the Hammond community, as well as throughout the state, is worthy of the highest Name City and state Population Name City and state Population commendation. Carl Amento ...... Hamden, CT ...... 57,581 ...... 46,722,006 f John DeStefano ...... New Haven, CT ...... 123,626 Dannel P. Malloy ...... Stamford, CT ...... 117,083 1 Initial signatories. Michael Jarjura ...... Waterbury, CT ...... 107,271 TRIBUTE TO ELROY ‘‘CRAZYLEGS’’ Michael Paulhus ...... Windham, CT ...... 22,857 f HIRSCH Rocky Randels ...... Cape Canaveral, FL ...... 8,829 Jeff Perlman ...... Delray Beach, FL ...... 60,020 RECOGNIZING THE MANY ACCOM- Thomas Bussing ...... Gainesville, FL ...... 95,447 Joy Cooper ...... Hallandale, FL ...... 34,282 PLISHMENTS OF THE HAMMOND HON. TAMMY BALDWIN Mara Giulianti ...... Hollywood, FL ...... 139,357 COUNCIL PARENT TEACHER AS- OF WISCONSIN James Weekley ...... Key West, FL ...... 25,478 Gary Frankel ...... North Lauderdale, FL ...... 32,264 SOCIATION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES John Marks ...... Tallahassee, FL ...... 150,624 Shirley Clarke Franklin ...... Atlanta, GA ...... 4,112,646 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Patsy Jo Hillard ...... East Point, GA ...... 39,595 HON. PETER J. VISCLOSKY Jeremy Harris ...... Honolulu, HI, ...... 395,327 OF INDIANA Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Arlene Mulder ...... Arlington Heights, IL ...... 76,031 Lorraine Morton ...... Evanston, IL ...... 74,239 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pay tribute to the great life of Elroy Ralph W. Conner ...... Maywood, IL ...... 26,987 ‘‘Crazylegs’’ Hirsch. On January 28, 2004, Scott King ...... Gary, IN ...... 631,362 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Chuck Oberlie ...... Michigan City, IN ...... 32,900 Wisconsin lost a true state icon, but Crazylegs Jerry E. Abramson ...... Louisville, KY ...... 693,604 Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, it is with leaves his rich legacy in the hearts of all Wis- Keith Villere ...... Covington, LA ...... 8,483 C. Ray Nagin ...... New Orleans, LA ...... 484,674 great honor and pleasure that I stand before consinites. Thomas Menino ...... Boston, MA ...... 589,141 you today to recognize the many accomplish- Elroy Hirsch was born in Wausau, WI and John Yunits ...... Brockton, MA ...... 94,304 Michael Sullivan ...... Cambridge, MA ...... 101,355 ments of the Hammond Council Parent Teach- grew into an incredible high school athlete Michael McGlynn ...... Medford, MA ...... 55,765 er Association (PTA) as it celebrates the while playing football and basketball at David Cohen ...... Newton, MA ...... 83,829 Kelly Gay ...... Somerville, MA ...... 77,478 PTA’s 2004 Founders’ Day. This very impor- Wausau High School. He was such an accom- John Madden ...... Williamstown, MA ...... 8,424 tant occasion will be celebrated on Friday, plished high school player that in 1998 he was Bryan K. Knedler ...... Mount Rainier, MD ...... 8,498 Kathy Porter ...... Takoma Park, MD ...... 17,299 February 13, 2004 at the Dynasty Banquet inducted into the National High School Hall of Michael Hurley ...... Belfast, ME ...... 6,381 Hall in Hammond, Indiana. Fame. Jim Cloutier ...... Portland, ME ...... 64,249 Ivan Fende ...... Chocolay Charter, MI ...... 7,148 The National PTA was founded in 1897 by After high school, he became a standout May Hamman-Roland ...... Apple Valley, MN ...... 45,527 Ms. Alice McLellan Birney and Ms. Phoebe halfback for the University of Wisconsin Badg- Elizabeth Klautz ...... Burnsville, MN ...... 60,220 James Jadwin ...... Dayton, MN ...... 4,699 Apperson Hearst. In 1970, the National Con- ers during the 1942 season. The Badgers fin- Gary Doty ...... Duluth, MN ...... 86,228 gress of Colored Parents, which was founded ished the 1942 season 8–1–1 and were Jeff Kagermeier ...... Mankato, MN ...... 32,427 R.T. Rybak 1 ...... Minneapolis, MN ...... 353,395 by Ms. Selena Sloan Butler, joined the Na- ranked third nationally by the AP. Hirsch was Karen Anderson ...... Minnetonka, MN ...... 51,301 tional PTA. Due to the vision and determina- key to the 1942 victory over top-ranked Ohio Carol Wilcox ...... Morris, MN ...... 5,068 Ardell Brede ...... Rochester, MN ...... 85,806 tion of these women, the organization has State by throwing one touchdown pass and re- Carolyn Gentilini ...... Virginia, MN ...... 9,157 taken the lead in promoting the welfare of chil- cording more than 200 total offensive yards. It Harvey Johnson ...... Jackson, MS ...... 184,256 Mike Kadas ...... Missoula, MT ...... 57,053 dren throughout the country. was during this season that he earned the Charles R. Worley ...... Asheville, NC ...... 68,889 The Hammond Council PTA was chartered name ‘‘Crazylegs’’ after a reporter wrote that Michael Nelson ...... Carrboro, NC ...... 16,782 Kevin Foy ...... Chapel Hill, NC ...... 48,715 on April 30, 1945 as a member of the Indiana ‘‘his crazy legs were gyrating in six different William V. Bell ...... Durham, NC ...... 187,035 PTA and the National PTA. Being a member directions all at the same time.’’ Michael Fahey ...... Omaha, NE ...... 399,357 Michaell Blastos ...... Keene, NH ...... 22,563 of the state as well as national PTA, the Ham- Due to his assignment with the United Walter Hoerman ...... Rochester, NH ...... 28,461 mond Council has provided continuous sup- States Marine Corps, Hirsch continued his col- Joseph Doria, Jr...... Bayonne, NJ ...... 61,842 Joseph Scarpelli ...... Brick, NJ ...... 76,119 port and resources to local families which legiate athletic career with the University of Robert Bowser ...... East Orange, NJ ...... 69,824 focus on the health and education of children. Michigan, and went on to play professionally David L. Ganz ...... Fair Lawn, NJ ...... 31,637 Alberto Santos ...... Kearny, NJ ...... 40,513 The Hammond Council has continued the leg- for the Chicago Rockets from 1946–1948 and Victor de Luca ...... Maplewood, NJ ...... 23,868 acy of the PTA’s founders through many then with the Los Angeles Rams from 1949– Louise Wilson ...... Montgomery Twp, NJ ...... 17,481 Sharpe James ...... Newark, NJ ...... 273,546 projects such as Hammond’s Survive Alive 1957. After a record setting career with the Douglas Palmer ...... Trenton, NJ ...... 85,403 Program which has developed and saved the NFL, he was named to the NFL’s All-Time All- Martin Chavez ...... Albuquerque, NM ...... 448,607 Oscar Goodman ...... Las Vegas, NV ...... 1,563,282 lives of many students and their families. Star team. Anthony Masiello ...... Buffalo, NY ...... 292,648 Each year, the Hammond Council also rec- Following his time as General Manger with James Garner 1 ...... Hempstead, NY ...... 56,554 Alan J. Cohen ...... Ithaca, NY ...... 29,287 ognizes the top ten students from the four the Los Angeles Rams, Hirsch returned to Robert Blais ...... Lake George Village, NY ...... 985 Hammond high schools through a special Wisconsin and the university where he started Ernest Davis ...... Mount Vernon, NY ...... 68,381 Irene Elia ...... Niagara Falls, NY ...... 55,593 scholarship program. The recipients are hon- his collegiate athletic career. When he arrived William Johnson ...... Rochester, NY ...... 1,098,201 ored in partnership with the School City of as Athletic Director, the Badgers’ athletic pro- Ken Klotz ...... Saratoga Springs, NY ...... 26,186 Matthew Driscoll ...... Syracuse, NY ...... 147,306 Hammond and the Hammond Rotary Club. gram was struggling. He was committed and Donald Plusquellic ...... Akron, OH ...... 694,960 Along with their leadership in their local com- successful in turning around the athletic pro- Thomas Longo ...... Garfield Heights, OH ...... 30,734 Jack Ford ...... Toledo, OH ...... 313,619 munity, members from the Hammond Council gram in his 18-year role at the University of Alan DeBoer ...... Ashland, OR ...... 19,522 have also gone on to serve as officers for the Wisconsin. During the years following his re- Helen Berg ...... Corvallis, OR ...... 49,322 Vera Katz 1 ...... Portland, OR ...... 529,121 Indiana PTA. Some of the local leaders in- tirement, Hirsch was the Wisconsin Badgers Stephen Reed ...... Harrisburg, PA ...... 48,950 clude, past President Ms. Beverly Zawadski, biggest fan. David Cicilline ...... Providence, RI ...... 173,618 Joseph P. Riley, Jr...... Charleston, SC ...... 96,650 the current President Ms. Marilyn Jones, the Despite living in various communities across Gus Garcia ...... Austin, TX ...... 656,562 President Elect Ms. Dee Jones, and the Sec- the United States during his accomplished ca- Laura Miller ...... Dallas, TX ...... 3,519,176 Euline Brock ...... Denton, TX ...... 80,537 retary Ms. Pat Taylor. reer, it was evident that his home was truly Mike Moncrief ...... Fort Worth, TX ...... 502,369 Each year in February, the PTA celebrates with the people of Wisconsin and Wisconsin Lee Brown ...... Houston *, TX ...... 4,177,646 Filemon Esquivel, Jr...... Kingsville, TX ...... 25,575 Founders’ Day to recognize the accomplish- athletics, as with every autograph he signed Ed Garza 1 ...... San Antonio, TX ...... 1,144,646 ments and dedication of teachers, volunteers, ‘‘always a Badger.’’ Robert Habingreither ...... San Marcos, TX ...... 661,890 Rocky Anderson ...... Salt Lake City, UT ...... 181,743 administrators, and community leaders who f William Ward ...... Chesapeake, VA ...... 199,184 have made a positive impact on their commu- Daniel Harshman ...... Edinburg, VA ...... 813 INTRODUCTION OF THE LONG Meyera Obendorf ...... Virginia Beach, VA ...... 433,461 nity. During the celebration on Friday, Feb- Peter Clavelle ...... Burlington, VT ...... 38,889 ruary 13, the Hammond Council PTA will an- TERM CARE HOSPITAL MORATO- Mark Asmundson ...... Bellingham, WA ...... 67,171 RIUM ACT Don Wright ...... LaConner, WA ...... 761 nounce its 2004 winners of the 15th Volunteer Skye Richendfer ...... Mount Vernon, WA ...... 26,232 of the Year Award, the Outstanding Local Unit Patricia Cohen ...... Oak Harbor, WA ...... 19,795 Stan Biles ...... Olympia, WA ...... 42,514 Award, and the Membership and National PTA HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Rosemarie Ives ...... Redmond, WA ...... 45,256 Lifetime Achievement Awards. OF CALIFORNIA Greg Nickels ...... Seattle *, WA ...... 563,374 John Powers ...... Spokane, WA ...... 195,629 Mr. Speaker, as this time, I ask that you and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bill Baarsma ...... Tacoma, WA ...... 193,556 my other distinguished colleagues join me in John D. Medinger ...... La Crosse, WI ...... 51,818 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Dave Cieslewicz ...... Madison, WI ...... 208,054 honoring and congratulating the Hammond John Norquist ...... Milwaukee, WI ...... 596,974 Council PTA and all its members as they cele- Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in- Theresa Estness ...... Wauwatosa, WI ...... 47,271 Gerald Bach ...... Wisconsin Rapids, WI ...... 18,435 brate the 2004 Founders’ Day. Their many troduce the Long Term Care Hospital Morato- great accomplishments and service to the chil- rium Act. This bill places a moratorium on the

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.014 E10PT1 E136 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 growth of costly Medicare Long Term Care Medicare, to enact this legislation. Both As homeowners, we put the toughest lock, Hospital (LTCH) beds until enough information MedPAC and the Health and Human Services’ where, on the front door, right? Well, the is available to determine whether continued Office of the Inspector General are already in- burglars have figured out how to get in through the windows. In response,we are now growth is required to meet the needs of our vestigating aspects of these issues. The LTCH fortifying our windows, doubling them up, seniors and people with disabilities. and skilled nursing home industries, patient and locking down the smaller points of ac- The number of these facilities has increased advocacy groups and other relevant sources cess. This maks perfect sense. substantially from 109 to 300 in the past dec- can offer additional data. Using the data ob- However, my friends, we are leaving the ade and Medicare expenditures directed to tained during this moratorium, the Center for front door wide open to conventional attack these facilities have grown from $398 million Medicare and Medicaid Services and the Con- from potential threats far more sophisti- in 1993 to an anticipated $2.3 billion in 2005. gress can make an informed decision on what cated and direct than the terrorists of rogue The recent 275% increase in facilities and nations. We can’t forget that countries like interventions are necessary within the LTCH China still maintain arsenals of long-range over 500% increase in Medicare expenditures industry to both ensure beneficiaries are re- ballistic missiles targeted at American cities are dramatic. It is time for Congress to ques- ceiving the treatment they require and that like the one we’re in right now. From their tion whether this rapid growth reflects a true Medicare funds are being prudently spent. current launch sites, these missiles are just increase in clinical need or just a means to f a half-an-hour away from their American game robust profits from Medicare. targets. Once launched, we have no defense LTCHs are one of four types of post-acute U.S. NEEDS SPACE BASED MISSILE against them. settings that are reimbursed under Medicare. DEFENSE Good leadership is essential. Patients in these facilities have medically com- As a suggestion, I was asked to speak on what it will take for us to build the effective plex conditions that include ventilator depend- HON. MARILYN N. MUSGRAVE defenses we need, to defend us from the in- ency, multiple medical system failures, com- OF COLORADO creasing threat and proliferation of ballistic plicated infectious conditions, wound care and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES missiles of all types, whether short-range, post-surgical recuperation. These patients intermediate-range, and long-range, capable generally have stays in these facilities of 25 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 of attacking our homes and cities. days or more. Currently, only 1 percent of Two words will do. Good leadership. Mrs. MUSGRAVE. Mr. Speaker, today I In one way, the current Bush administra- Medicare beneficiaries discharged from acute submit the following article from Vital Speech- tion has displayed good leadership in its mis- hospitals are transferred to LTCHs. These fa- es into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. ‘‘U.S. sile defense program. It has exerted the will cilities are the most expensive on average of Needs Space-Based Missile Defense’’ is a to deploy a missile defense as seen in its de- all the post-acute alternatives with a base rate speech given by my highly respected prede- cisions to withdraw from the 1972 ABM Trea- cost per patient episode being $35,700. cessor, Representative Bob Schaffer. ty, deploy a National Missile Defense sys- tem, and increase funding. The growth in the long term care hospital [From Vital Speeches, Oct. 15, 2003] sector is being fueled by large for-profit com- As a result of President Bush’s leadership, U.S. NEEDS SPACED-BASED MISSILE DEFENSE panies that are reporting significant revenue the 1972 ABM Treaty resides in the dustbin of history. As a result of President Bush’s lead- increases and robust profit margins. Their ADDRESS BY BOB SCHAFFER, FORMER U.S. CON- GRESSMAN FROM COLORADO, DELIVERED TO ership, the United States stands on the verge margins are significantly higher than those for THE COUNCIL FOR NATIONAL POLICY, COLO- of deploying a National Missile Defense sys- acute hospitals and skilled nursing facilities. RADO SPRINGS, COLORADO, SEPTEMBER 26, 2003 tem, which is expected to reach initial oper- Wall Street recognition of the industry’s posi- Thank you, Ambassador Cooper. Good ation in the next few years. tive financial outlook is likely related to the 300 afternoon ladies and gentlemen. I have been It may be helpful to review some high- percent increase that has been posted this a long-time admirer of Ambassador Hank lights of the National Missile Defense pro- year in the stocks of these publicly-traded Cooper since before I went to Congress in gram, if only to point how Americans not companies. 1996. As a Member of Congress, I relied on only have the desire to defend themselves Recent data from the non-partisan Medicare the Ambassador’s judgment and vision for from ballistic missile attack, they also have the commitment and ability to build a de- Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC) guidance when considering questions of America’s defense against those who would fense. suggests that there may also be substantial Highlights include how: overlap between the types of patients being threaten our liberty. In early September Northrop Grumman The district I represented, up until Janu- submitted a bid to compete for the Missile treated in LTCHs and skilled nursing facilities; ary of this year, in Congress was essentially Defense Agency’s Targets and Counter- despite LTCHs costing 4–5 times more. The the entire eastern half of Colorado—very measures prime integration program, valued potential for LTCHs to substitute for less costly rural. Consequently, the committees to at more than $1 billion for an initial four- skilled nursing facilities is exacerbated by the which I was assigned in Congress had to do year program. The Bush administration with agriculture, natural resources and edu- fact that there is currently no clinical patient takes the issue of mid-course-phase decoys cation. I served on no committees that had admission criteria under Medicare for LTCHs. and countermeasures seriously. A review of the LTCH Medicare provider direct involvement with national defense, In August this year, progress was reported network raises a number important public pol- foreign affairs or military preparedness. on the construction of a $900 million sea- icy questions. These questions include: But as one who represented a constituency based X-band radar, which will be home Is there evidence of clinical need to support of broad interests, I endeavored to learn as ported at Adak, Alaska, in the Aleutian Is- the rapid growth in LTCH facilities? much as I could about national defense. And lands superceding earlier plans to build a the more I learned about the very real threat ground-based Xband radar on Shemya Island, Is the current Medicare payment system in- America faces with respect to long-range appropriate or is the reimbursement amount also in the Aleutians. missile attack, the more I became convinced This sea-based X-band radar will be self- excessive for LTCH services? that there are not enough leaders in Con- propelled, using a semi-submersible oilrig Are LTCHs and skilled nursing facilities clin- gress paying attention to this vital national being modified at shipyards in Brownsville ical substitutes? If so, are there clinical criteria security concern. and Corpus Christi. The radar will weigh that can be developed to determine which pa- As Ambassador Cooper mentioned, my in- 50,000 tons and be 390 feet long and 250 feet tients require LTCHs vs. skilled nursing facili- terest led me around the world meeting with high. Scheduled to begin operation in 2005, ties? parliamentarians and defense leaders of this sea-based X band radar will hand off bal- This legislation simply places a moratorium other nations. I made eight trips to Russia, listic missile tracking information to inter- on the future growth of this provider network as many to Ukraine, and others to Asia, Cen- ceptors located at For Greely, Alaska, and tral Asia, and Europe. category until these questions are answered. Vandenberg Air Force Base. Since September 11th, America has been Also in August, Orbital Sciences Corpora- The Secretary of Health and Human Services focused on combating terrorism in Afghani- tion test launched from Vandenberg a proto- may terminate this moratorium upon obtaining stan, Iraq and elsewhere. We have been reori- type of the three-stage booster to be used in adequate information to address these ques- enting our national defense to address the the ground-based interceptor for our Na- tions and implementing any required changes weakness exploited by the terrorists who tional Missile Defense system. to the Medicare payment system for these killed Americans on American soil, and to- President Bush’s plan calls for deploying services. The Secretary is also required to ward protecting Americans abroad from by 2004, four ground-based interceptors at submit a report to Congress at least one similar potential attacks. This, of course, is Vandenberg, and six groundbased intercep- necessary and exactly what we should be tors at Fort Greely, increasing the number month prior to terminating the moratorium doing. of ground-based interceptors deployed at specifying the rationale and evidence sup- America is not focused enough on conven- Fort Greely to a total of 20 by the end of porting the termination. tional threats. 2005. It is appropriate for Congress, who is re- Let me explain my concern for national se- Contracts have been let for pouring con- sponsible for providing fiscal oversight of curity through an analogy of home security. crete for the missile silos at Fort Greely, and

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.017 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E137 for refurbishing existing missile silos at Van- But building an effective missile defense technological leadership, including the abil- denberg Air Force Base. In June 2002, for ex- requires an intelligent design. It requires the ity to manage programs involving tech- ample, it was reported how a contract for same elements of good strategy that have al- nology to produce timely results. $325 million was issued to build six under- ways formed an essential part of military Good leadership needs to manage the effort ground missile silos at Fort Greely. victory, whether victory through a policy of to build a missile defense effectively, to These are significant steps to our deploy- peace through strength, or a policy of deter- produce timely results rather than create an ment of a National Missile Defense. The de- mination to achieve victory and lasting endless cycle of studies, delays, testing, and ployment of X-band radar, development of a peace. indecision. booster for the ground-based interceptor, An effective defense requires good position. In the past the United States has exhibited testing of the kinetic kill vehicle, and field- No small part of military strategy is de- bursts of technological leadership, including ing of interceptors are coming together. voted to the maneuver and positioning of President Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initia- Intelligent design. troops. Good position, good location, holding tive, which supported a vast program of re- But good leadership involves more than the high ground, whether the top of a hill or search and development for missile defense the will to deploy a defense. While the will to a mountain top, being able to look down and technology. deploy a missile defense is a key ingredient, fire at an approaching enemy, is a key ele- We need to remember those times and ex- an ingredient missing from the preceding ment of military strategy. amples of technology leadership to build an Clinton administration, which believed in For this reason U.S. military strategy em- effective missile defense. the ABM Treaty as the cornerstone of arms phasizes air superiority, the high ground of Good leadership involves more than cre- control, good leadership also needs to point combined air, land, and sea operations. ating program momentum by funding a sin- the way of how to build an effective defense. There is also the high ground of space, which gle program with more dollars. It includes Building an effective defense requires more U.S. military forces recognize as vital to the the ability to manage technology, and lead a than spending money. It requires an intel- operation of our intelligence, communica- fundamentally strong program to comple- ligent design. tions, reconnaissance, and navigation sys- tion and success. Speaking of money, Congress and the Bush tems, which rely heavily on satellites. It includes the ability to concurrently administration have recognized the impor- Building an effective missile defense also manage technology development programs tance of funding missile defense. requires good position. But this position with acquisition, to allow for improvements For example, in June of this year the isn’t found on the ground, it is found in space in current acquisition and the development House Appropriations Committee approved a where the ballistic missile operates. of second- and third-generation defenses. budget of about $8.9 billion for missile de- Building an effective missile defense re- It includes the ability to concurrently fense, an increase of about $1.3 billion. Real quires a strategy that deploys a missile de- manage a variety of technology programs, money is being spent. fense in the high ground of space. Good lead- pursuing at the same time different avenues Congress has shown increasing willingness ership would deploy a missile defense in of basing and technology, recognizing the to fund a missile defense, and for good rea- space. Good leadership would point the way wealth of ideas and technology developed son. Not only has the threat of ballistic mis- to space. under the Strategic Defense Initiative, giv- sile attack increased from China’s buildup of Both the Strategic Defense Initiative of ing the United States the ability to con- ballistic missiles of all types, but the pro- the 1980’s and early 1990’s and Project De- struct a missile defense in multiple layers. liferation of ballistic missiles continues to fender of the later 1950’s and early 1960’s It includes the ability to match an intel- increase. pointed the way to space, recognizing the in- ligent design for building an effective missile The proliferation of ballistic missiles poses herent advantages of deploying a missile de- defense with the pursuit of technology, seek- a grave threat internationally. India and fense in space. ing a technological momentum designed to Pakistan look at each other in terms of in- The earlier Project Argus nuclear test defeat the ballistic missile. creasing numbers of ballistic missiles, some shots in 1958 and Starfish 1962 also pointed to It includes an understanding of how the of which are presumably armed with nuclear space. Dr. Nicholas Christofilos from Law- strategy of ‘‘Mutual Assured Destruction’’ weapons. rence Livermore realized space provides a which was behind the ABM Treaty was de- Japan is losing any sense of complacency position with global coverage against bal- signed to restrain the use and development over the increasing ballistic missile threat it listic missile threats. of new technology. faces as it was reported in June how North The strategic advantages of deploying a Notably, space not only offers a position of Korea has fielded between 160 and 170 inter- missile defense in space are considerable. advantage for deploying a missile defense, it mediate-range Nodong missiles that can Global coverage, the capability for boost- stimulates the development of new tech- reach nearly all of Japan. phase interception, the use of robotics mini- nology. In June it was also reported how Japan, in mizing operational costs, and the potential Technological leadership includes the abil- response to this hostile buildup of ballistic of high-energy lasers and particle beams led ity to resolve problems. missiles by North Korea, requested an addi- these earlier missile defense programs to em- Highlights of where technological leader- tional $1.2 billion for the next fiscal year to phasize the development of defenses based in ship has been lacking in the current program deploy a two layer missile defense system, space. for building a missile defense, include: consisting of PAC–3 missiles produced under Even the Clinton administration was The termination in 2001 of the Navy Area license, and upgrading its four Aegis destroy- aware of the advantages that accrue from de- Wide defense program, which would have ers to deploy the SM–3 interceptor. ployment of a missile defense in space, as provided Aegis cruisers and destroyers with From our experience in Iraq we know that seen in its decision to complete the termi- a defense against short-range ballistic mis- the PAC–3 missile works very well, both as nation of the Brilliant Pebbles program for siles and aircraft like PAC–3. an interceptor of short-range ballistic mis- deploying a space-based interceptor defense, While the proposed SM–2 Block VIA inter- siles and of aircraft, using hit-to-kill tech- and attempt to terminate the Space Based ceptor for Navy Area Wide would have relied nology based on radar guidance. PAC–3 per- Laser. on a blast fragmentation warhead rather formed with a high probability of intercept, Believing in the ABM Treaty as the corner- than hit-to-kill, differentiating it from PAC– unlike the earlier improved PAC–2, which al- stone of arms control, the Clinton adminis- 3, its program termination may be viewed though successful from a strategic viewpoint tration was not interested in building effec- with disappointment. in the 1991 Gulf War, was essentially jury- tive defenses. The termination in 2001 and 2002 of the rigged for its mission of intercepting Scuds. While Brilliant Pebbles had been approved Space Based Laser program, which would The Navy’s SM–3 ballistic missile inter- fro acquisition in 1991, it was subsequently have provided a very effective boost phase ceptor has proved itself positively, achieving opposed by key Democrats in Congress, who defense against ballistic missiles of all types, three interceptions out of four attempts. The sought a technological regression, unwilling short, intermediate, and long-range. four interception test in June 2003, while un- to change the strategy of Mutual Assured Notably, the Space Based Laser program successful, demonstrated the ability of naval Destruction embodied in the ABM Treaty. successfully demonstrated its end-to-end ships to share target cuing information as Technological leadership and space superi- beam generation and training back in 1997. the firing of the SM–3 from the U.S.S. Lake ority. From the point on, the program’s next step Erie was reportedly cued from another ship Building an effective missile defense re- was to test a scalable high-energy laser in up-range. quires the United States to deploy its ki- space. The test failure of the SM–3 evidently oc- netic kill interceptors in space like Brilliant Presumably, the termination of the Space curred when one of the cells of its solid fuel Pebbles, not in the underground concrete Based Laser program came as a result of op- Divert and Attitude Control System failed to missile silos. position in the Senate to the deployment of ignite—a problem of quality control rather An intelligent design would utilize the ad- missile defenses in space. than the underlying technology. vantages that deployment in space offers in Apparently lacking in the current adminis- The United States has over twenty years of providing global coverage, boost-phase inter- tration was an understanding of the advan- experience in testing hit-to-kill technology ception, the use of robotics, minimal oper- tages of technological readiness of the Space for missile defense, achieving its first suc- ational costs, and the ability to use high-en- Based Laser, unwilling to overcome apparent cessful interception of an ICBM target in the ergy lasers for boost phase interception and political opposition at a time when most June 1984 Homing Overlay Experiment. active discrimination of decoys. Americans support missile defenses. The time has come to deploy hit-to-kill There is a third ingredient for building an Technolgocial leadership also includes the technology in an effective defense. effective missile defense. This ingredient is ability to communicate the advantages of

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.021 E10PT1 E138 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 technology, as well as the ability to develop I was asked to speak about what it will I ask all of my colleagues today to help me it. take for us to build the effective defenses we recognize and thank Mr. Toti for his contribu- While the current adminsitration has dem- need. Good leadership is the answer. tions to our nation. It is my honor to represent onstrated its commitment to fund a missile Three key ingredients to good leadership defense and support the deployment of a include not only the will to build a defense, such a fine constituent in the House of Rep- ground-based defense, and has withdrawn but an intelligent design and technological resentatives. from the ABM Treaty, it has yet to support leadership. a design to build an effective defense, much Over the past three years, our country has f less insist on technological leadership. clearly demonstrated its will to build a mis- America’s current plans include a virtual sile defense; I strongly suggest to you that HONORING THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF technological regression in any planning for we still need an intelligent design and tech- VIOLET BROSART a space-based interceptor defense, unwilling nological leadership to build an effective de- or unable to use past technology developed fense. for Brilliant Pebbles. f HON. JACK QUINN Unwilling or unable to use Brilliant Peb- OF NEW YORK bles technology for space-based interceptors, HONORING ANDREW TOTI IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the current administration and the Congress have been unwilling or unable to employ HON. DENNIS A. CARDOZA Tuesday, February 10, 2004 technological advances that have occurred OF CALIFORNIA in: Mr. QUINN. Mr. Speaker. I am honored to The increasing use of robotics, including IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rise today to officially recognize and pay trib- autonomous operation and data fusing and Tuesday, February 10, 2004 ute to Violet Brosart, an outstanding commu- joint decision making between independ- nity leader. ently operating robots, which NASA has de- Mr. CARDOZA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor a great American inventor from Mo- Violet Brosart is a resident of Lackawanna, veloped for missions on Mars. New York and is currently serving as the The development and increasing use of desto, California, Mr. Andrew Toti. Mr. Toti photonic or fiber optics for sensors, commu- has invented a number of household items, President of the American Legion Auxiliary, nications, and computer processing, which and has over 200 United States and foreign Department of New York. The American Le- provide a means to defend against electro- patents to his credit. He is a perfect example gion Auxiliary is the largest women’s patriotic magnetic pulse. of the ‘‘can-do’’ attitude that Americans pos- service organization in the world. Its primary The development of three-dimensional goals are to serve veterans and their families, computer chips, allowing for the integration sess. His ingenuity has created the vertical blinds which many of us have in our office to promote patriotism and Americanism, and of different processes, whether computer to serve our children and communities. processing communications, processing of windows, to a device that helped save lives in sensor data, and active response within the World War II. President Brosart is a 36 year member of same chip. In a 1995 interview with Parade magazine, Hamburg Unit #527 in Erie County. She has These advances in photonics and computer Mr. Toti stated that the most important ele- served as its president and remains an active chips, combined with continuing advances in ment to successful inventing is defining a member. She has also been active in her nanotechnology, including Micro Electro need for a new product or identifying a prob- community, becoming involved in Boy Scouts, Mechanical Systems or MEMS, could poten- lem, then finding an elegant solution. Mr. Toti Campfire Girls, Youth Baseball, the Empire tially allow for the development of kinetic State Ballet Company, and the Hamburg Little kill vehicles smaller than Brilliant Pebbles, has been finding solutions to problems, and which were essentially based on late 1980’s inventing new products almost his entire life. Theater. She also worked for 10 years as a technology. He credits his parents for nurturing and sup- child day care provider. Mrs. Brosart is the Instead of building kinetic kill vehicles porting his craft, and giving him advice on how mother of four and grandmother of ten. She that weigh in the tens of kilograms, the to become a success. also has one great grandchild. United States could potentially be building At the young age of twelve, Mr. Toti created Each year the Department President choos- kinetic kill vehicles that weigh under a kilo- a new kind of combination lock, however it es a project of particular interest to her and gram, perhaps in the tens of grams, ap- raises money for that cause. This year Presi- proaching the theoretical limits for kinetic was not marketed very well. He learned quick- kill vehicles suggested by Lowell Wood at ly from this mistake. Mr. Toti has always been dent Brosart has chosen the Alzheimer’s As- Lawrence Livermore when he proposed the able to admit to mistakes, and this is one of sociation as her special project. More than 14 idea of Genius Sand as an advance genera- his greatest qualities. When Mr. Toti was six- million Americans will be diagnosed with Alz- tion Brilliant Pebble. teen, he had built a boat with a very powerful heimer’s Disease within the next 50 years un- America’s defense planners seem to have a motor. His mother was worried he would less a cure or prevention is found. Alzheimer’s striking aversion to the development of ad- drown, so he began making a life vest using disease affects not just the patient, but the vanced technology systems, especially those duck and goose feathers. He noticed that family as well. Often children and grand- taking advantage of deployment in space, as children find themselves becoming the care- seen not only in its termination of the Space these vests were a bit bulky, so began filling Based Laser, but its very low level of funding them with compressed air. The War Depart- givers to those who once gave care to them. for the development of a system of space- ment was told of his invention, and paid Mr. Money raised for this special project will be based relay mirrors that could utilize a high- Toti $1500 for the rights. This life saving de- distributed to all seven areas of the Alz- energy laser to strike at targets around the vice soon became the Mae West life vest. heimer’s Coalition in New York State, based world. This is the same life vest that President on need. The money will be used to support This system of relay mirrors, suggested in George H.W. Bush was wearing when he was programs in the following areas: early diag- the Strategic Defense Initiative as a way to nosis, effective treatment, essential support take advantage of high energy laser tech- shot down over the Pacific Ocean. Without nology that was ground-based or air-based, is this life preserver, President Bush might not networks, and caregiver training. In addition to being funded at a level of around $1 million have survived his ordeal in the ocean. these areas of concern the Alzheimer’s Coali- when it should be funded at the billion-dollar As you know Mr. Speaker, the San Joaquin tion is working in conjunction with the VA fa- level. Central Valley is a lush agricultural area, and cilities to aid veterans that have Alzheimer’s. The state of U.S. technological leadership our farmers grow anything from peaches to By embracing this project, President Brosart is also seen by Pentagon planning to deploy wine grapes, and raise cattle and poultry. Mr. and the American Legion Auxiliary can ‘‘Help a system of optical communication sat- Toti’s ingenuity has helped two major indus- for Today’’ and ‘‘Hope for Tomorrow:’’ To date, ellites, in other words, satellites using laser over $15,500 has been raised, with a goal of communications, which would provide much tries in the area. First, in 1951, Mr. Toti pat- needed bandwidth and high security. These ented his feather-plucking machine. This ma- $40,000 by August 1, 2004. had been proposed in the early 1980’s and the chine uses thousands of rubber ‘‘fingers’’ to Traveling throughout the 62 Counties in Air Force had performed some early dem- remove the feathers of poultry. Twenty-one New York State, President Brosart empha- onstrations. years later, he assisted in designing a grape- sizes the American Legion Auxiliary’s strong More than twenty years after this exciting harvesting machine for Ernest and Julio Gallo, commitment to our country and to our vet- concept was proposed, the Pentagon is fi- two of the most prominent viticulturalists in the erans. Her patriotic spirit is evident in all of her nally planning to spend hundreds of millions of dollars to develop a satellite laser commu- nation. Recently, Mr. Toti developed an endo- speeches and presentations. The members of nications system. This comes after the Euro- tracheal tube, which aids physicians with rapid the American Legion Auxiliary, Department of pean Union successfully demonstrated the intubation of the trachea in situations where New York are very proud of President Brosart use of laser communications with its the tube needs to bend due to anatomical and her deep commitment to the veterans of Artemis satellite. variations in the body. our nation.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.023 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E139 TRIBUTE TO DENNIS POWERS TRIBUTE TO THE LIFE OF JIM their motivation and giving Findlay a way of FINDLAY thanking them for their part in Impact’s success. It also made it possible for he and HON. SAM FARR his wife, Celia, to establish several trusts HON. MARCY KAPTUR and provide gifts to charitable organizations. OF CALIFORNIA OF OHIO ‘‘So we were able to do some things while IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we’re living rather than do it all after we Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 passed away,’’ he said. The second chapter Findlay added to the Mr. FARR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I would like en- new edition is titled ‘‘The Rest of the honor Dennis Powers, former Director of Stan- tered into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an arti- Story.’’ In it he details some of the many ford University’s Hopkins Marine Station and cle about a wonderful man, Jim Findlay. awards that came his way in late 2001 and 2002. Both Celia and Jim Findlay are grad- Harold A. Miller Professor of Biological [From the Toledo Events Magazine, Jan. 2004] uates of the University of Toledo, she in edu- Sciences. He passed away on December 8, cation and he in business. They have set up 2003, at the age of 65, following a long illness. MORE TO THE STORY scholarships at UT in both disciplines and Dennis was born on May 4, 1938 in Dear- ENTREPRENEUR ADDS TWO CHAPTERS TO have supported UT with both time and born, Michigan. He served in the United AUTOBIOGRAPHY money over the years. States Marine Corps’ First Reconnaissance (By Sue Van Fleet) In August 2001, the university named a If a life can be said to correspond to the building on its Scott Park campus after Company from 1957 to 1959 and then in the them. The Findlay Athletic Complex houses Marine Corps Reserve from 1960–1963. In pages in a book, then it was time for Jim Findlay to add a few more chapters. the baseball, softball and soccer facilities. 1963 he graduated from Ottawa University in The well-known entrepreneur. and philan- Jim Findlay was also awarded an honorary Ottawa, Kansas; he was married this same thropist had written an autobiography in doctoral degree from UT and received the year. Dr. Powers received a PhD from the 2001. ‘‘In the Company of Friends’’ almost re- Alumni Association’s Gold ‘T’ Award, which University of Kansas in 1970 and subse- sembles a scrapbook, its text interspersed recognizes alumni who have served the uni- quently completed postdoctoral research at with photos, letters, poems, quotes and versity and the community. He was especially touched when he was in- both the State University of New York-Stony newspaper clippings. Findlay was the chairman and co-founder vited to the home of UT President Dan John- Brook and the Marine Biology Laboratory at of Impact Products, a business in Sylvania son and his wife, Elaine, following the com- Woods Hole, Massachusetts. From 1972 to Township that provided supplies to the sani- mencement ceremony in which he received 1988 he held multiple positions at Johns Hop- tary maintenance industry. But only six his honorary degree. ‘‘How could an average kins University, including chair of the Depart- months after the book was printed, the com- student and an ordinary Joe be the guest of ment of Biology, Director of the McCollum- pany was sold to Park Avenue Equity Part- a college president and receive from his hand Pratt Institute for Biochemistry, and Acting Di- ners. At the time of the sale, Impact Prod- the highest honor the university can be- rector of the Chesapeake Bay Institute. ucts had 160 employees and more than $40 stow?’’ Findlay wrote in his book. ‘‘. . . Sur- million in sales. rounded by the happy voices of a company of In 1988 he became Director of Stanford’s ‘‘Since the motivating purpose of the book friends, consisting of wife, children, grand- Hopkins Marine Station, which is located in was to create a permanent record of the com- children and esteemed friends, I knew that Pacific Grove, on the Monterey Peninsula. Dr. pany, I felt it would be important to talk whatever the future might hold, I have Powers held the Director’s position until 2000. about its sale’’ Findlay said. known and experienced the deep joy of bless- I think one of his colleagues stated it best Impact had become an employee-owned edness.’’ In October 2002, Findlay was hon- when she said, ‘‘Dennis Powers’ impact on company in 1986 with the establishment of ored by manufacturer reps at the annual Hopkins Marine Station has been enormous.’’ an ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Pro- convention of the International Sanitary gram). In March 1998, Findlay and his chil- Supply Association, receiving the first ever His legacy at Hopkins includes collaborating dren sold their remaining interest to the Manufacturer Representative Distinguished with others to establish four new endowed ESOP trust, making the employees 100 per- Service Award. Findlay has been a standout chair positions, ensuring construction of a new cent owners of the company. in terms of how he treats his reps, notably research and teaching facility, and working ‘‘Since I was leaving, they then had an op- having the only corporation in his industry with the Monterey Bay Aquarium to launch the portunity to sell and get a 15 percent pre- with a 401(k) plan for them. Tuna Research and Conservation Center. mium over what we were valued at,’’ Findlay ‘‘My manufacturer reps are the ones who said. ‘‘So I encouraged them to do so, so they did the selling and put us on the map,’’ Find- Dr. Powers was a brilliant research scientist could diversify their holdings rather than lay said. ‘‘I’ve always felt extremely close to and dedicated administrator. His scientific ca- have it all in Impact, which they did.’’ Im- them. If the law would have allowed us to do reer involved development of ‘‘integrative biol- pact’s employees averaged about $156,000 so, I would have made them part of the ogy,’’ a branch of biological inquiry whereby each from the sale, an amount that varied ESOP’’ scientists study the interconnections between according to their seniority. Although Findlay has enjoyed a life full of the microscopic and macroscopic levels of bio- ‘‘So they did good, and they really should, many successes, there were two things he logical organization. This discipline recognizes because it was the employees that made the didn’t accomplish that he had wanted to: the the fundamental fact that all levels of biologi- company,’’ Findlay said. ‘‘I’ve always felt establishment of an Impact Charitable Foun- very strongly that if you take care of the dation and the creation of an Impact School cal systems, from a tiny cell to a whole ocean employees, they’ll take care of the cus- of Continuing Education. They were close to basin, play important roles in the overall health tomers. We’ve always shared with them:’ launching the school for their employees and well-being of our living systems. Dennis’s The company brought in estate planning when the company was sold. The foundation inquiry into marine organisms, particularly professionals and investment firms for semi- may yet come to fruition as others work to- fishes, focused on understanding how genetic nars and individual counseling sessions to ward that end. information helps animals survive under dif- help them make good decisions regarding Seven years ago, Findlay started Findlay ferent, and often-times stressful, environ- their investments. Business Partners Ltd., which leases storage ‘‘Over the next two weeks there were a lot and office warehouses. With units at 3315 mental conditions. In addition to his contribu- of new cars in the parking lot,’’ Findlay said. Centennial Rd. and 3545 Silica Road, the tions to integrative biology, he was known for ‘‘And a lot of them were able to buy homes business is run by his children. His son Jon his efforts to integrate biomedical research and do some things that they weren’t able to is president, while daughter Sarah and son techniques into the areas of marine biology before, so, I was very proud to be able to do James Jr. are vice presidents. and environmental science. that for my employees.’’ When asked what he is most proud of, he Dr. Powers mentored numerous students, If he had to do it over again, would he have mentions being able to pass the business gone the ESOP route? Findlay says yes, but complex on to his children, as well as the was active in many scientific societies, and with some reservations. For instance, as the scholarships he has set up for business and served on the editorial boards of multiple peer- company’s stock price increased, it created a education students at UT and for minorities reviewed academic journals, including Physio- debt that would have to be paid to employees at Toledo Christian School. logical and Biochemical Zoology as well as Bi- who decided to tender their stock upon retir- Although much of the book details Find- ological Oceanography. ing or leaving the company. Findlay also lay’s business, it also covers his childhood, Mr. Speaker, Dennis Powers was a brilliant fretted that he was putting his employees at time in the service, college years, relation- ship with his church and UT; and family. At scientist and an exceptional person, and for excessive risk since so much of their per- sonal investment was tied up in one asset. the end of the book he provides an update on these reasons, I am proud to be able to honor Both these problems were eliminated with the health of his wife, Celia, whom he calls him today. I wish to express my condolences the sale of the company to Park Avenue. the love of his life. She is in the fifth round to his three daughters, Kathi, Julie, and On the plus side, the ESOP gave every em- if chemotherapy for carcinoma of the endo- Wendy, and his four grandchildren. ployee ownership in the company, increasing metrium.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.027 E10PT1 E140 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 ‘‘My greatest, most fervent hope for all He graduated in the first police academy HONORING THE GARLAND ISD families is that each child will choose a life- class under the tutelage of Benjamin Ward, DURING SCHOOL BOARD APPRE- time partner as well as I did,’’ he writes in the first African American Police Commis- CIATION MONTH the 16th chapter. He and the former UT homecoming queen were wed on Jan. 28, 1949. sioner of New York City. He began his service ‘‘Relationships are what it’s all about,’’ at the 79th police precinct. His no-nonsense HON. JEB HENSARLING Findlay said. ‘‘I don’t need yachts or luxury attitude quickly gained the respect of his com- OF TEXAS cars—I don’t live too high. Success is about munity and peers alike. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES building relationships with people and being For his work, Gregg was honored in 1977 Tuesday, February 10, 2004 fair in trying to treat everybody alike.’’ with a Gold Shield as a detective. He also f served as an organized crime investigator and Mr. HENSARLING. Mr. Speaker, in the in the vice and narcotics units in the NYPCD. month of January, across the country, the SCHOOL BOARD APPRECIATION Gregg’s other law enforcement efforts include State of Texas and in the Fifth Congressional MONTH work as an Anti Terrorist Profiler, a security District, we celebrate School Board Recogni- monitor of Federal installations in the New tion Month to acknowledge the hard work of HON. JEB HENSARLING York area, and an independent investigative school board members and thank them for OF TEXAS consultant with the Immigration and Natu- their valuable service in the education of our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ralization Service. children. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 After 20 years of stellar service, Gregg re- During School Board Recognition Month, we tired on January 16th of this year and is now honor the administrators, staff, and volunteers Mr. HENSARLING. Mr. Speaker, in the of the Garland Independent School District month of January, across the country, the planning to pursue a career in Federal law en- forcement. who work to promote academic excellence State of Texas and in the Fifth Congressional and provide a safe learning environment for District, we celebrate School Board Recogni- Mr. Speaker, Gregg Cherry has had a long and distinguished career in the NYCPD and our students. tion Month to acknowledge the hard work of School board members are responsible for school board members and thank them for remains committed to serving his community and country with his future employment in fulfilling one of the most important roles in our their valuable service in the education of our society: helping develop young men and children. Federal law enforcement. As such, he is more than worthy of receiving our recognition today; women into the future leaders of our Nation’s During School Board Recognition Month, we economy, government, community, and honor the administrators, staff, and volunteers and I urge my colleagues to join me in hon- oring this truly remarkable person. houses of worship. of the Richardson Independent School District I would like to extend my most sincere who work to promote academic excellence f thanks to all Garland school board members and provide a safe learning environment for HONORING JOHN HUNTER GRAY for their continued dedication and hard work. our students. Their contribution to the education of our chil- School board members are responsible for BENNIE G. THOMPSON dren is truly helping to shape the future of our fulfilling one of the most important roles in our communities and our Nation. society: helping develop young men and OF MISSISSIPPI f women into the future leaders of our Nation’s IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES economy, government, community, and Tuesday, February 10, 2004 A TRIBUTE TO MARVIN L. houses of worship. LIFSHUTZ Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi. Mr. Speak- I would like to extend my most sincere er, I would like to recognize Hunter Gray, a thanks to all Richardson school board mem- civil rights activist involved in the southern HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS bers for their continued dedication and hard movement from the summer of 1961 to the OF NEW YORK work. Their contribution to the education of our summer of 1967. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES children is truly helping to shape the future of Hunter Gray, formerly John Salter, took the Tuesday, February 10, 2004 our communities and our Nation. name of his Native American family some Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in honor of f years ago and has been one of the Nation’s Marvin L. Lifshutz in recognition of his extraor- A TRIBUTE TO GREGG CHERRY most ardent advocates on behalf of Native dinary accomplishments in the field of health rights. He was recently diagnosed with a se- care law. HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS vere and possibly fatal case of lupus that has Marvin has specialized in the representation OF NEW YORK also brought on a bad case of diabetes. of health care professionals for 40 years. He John Salter was very active with the Jack- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has represented individual physicians, medical son, Mississippi, NAACP and boycott in 1964. groups, medical staffs at hospitals and med- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 He was in the trenches with Medgar Evers ical societies. He represents private practices Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in honor of and others during the civil rights movement and hospital-based practices for a variety of Gregg Cherry who has shown a deep commit- from 1961 until Evers was assassinated and specialty clients, including the negotiation of ment to serving and improving his community Gray and his wife and young son left the exclusive contracts for employees, inde- through his work with child services and a ca- State. He also wrote a book titled, Jackson, pendent contractors and chiefs of depart- reer in law enforcement. Mississippi: An American Chronicle of Struggle ments. Gregg was born March 29, 1955, to James and Schism (1979). In the area of managed care, he has cre- and Audrey Cherry. He is the oldest of five Hunter Gray’s commitment to civil rights has ated the organizational structures for inde- children. He was born and raised in the Bed- continued throughout the years. He and his pendent practice associations and their by- ford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, wife Eldri, who has been a partner in the laws, negotiated contracts with health mainte- New York. Gregg is a graduate of the old struggle for equality for 40 years, now live in nance organizations as well as union health Boys High School where he played several Idaho. He has been hospitalized several times care contracts. He has also formed large and positions on the football team. His football ca- over the past few months , and his medication small groups of health care providers in set- reer continued at Shaw University where he and hospitalization costs are very expensive. ting up medical clinics. received bachelors degrees in English and Many of his friends are organizing a testi- Marvin has assisted in mergers as well as Communications in 1980. He is the loving fa- monial and fund-raiser to let him know how the purchase and sale of medical practices for ther of Craig and Raven Cherry. grateful we are to him for his many sacrifices all subspecialties. He has also represented It was his love and commitment to his com- and contributions to civil rights, Native Amer- health care providers who provide Medicare or munity which led him to a career in law en- ican and labor causes. Medicaid services in the State of New York. forcement. During his tenure as an investi- For further information on Hunter Gray, I Marvin currently represents physicians and gator and caseworker for the Bureau of Child refer you to his widely read Web site at physician groups in managed care negotia- Welfare, Gregg saw the many inconsistencies www.hunterbear.org. Hunter Gray has left a tions and also represents companies acquiring and tragedies children encountered in the formative mark on the shape of Mississippi management service organizations (MSOs) child welfare system and wanted to make a history. I thank him for his service to civil that are in the process of going public. positive difference. So, in 1984, he joined the rights and to Mississippi. I ask that you keep With such a wealth of information, he has New York City Police Department. him in your prayers and meditations. shared his expertise on health care law with

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.029 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E141 business, health and legal groups. He lectures HONORING THE DALLAS ISD DUR- embodied the highest principles of the teach- at the State and County Medical Societies as ING SCHOOL BOARD APPRECIA- ing profession. well as the health care division of the C.P.A. TION MONTH J.R.’s teaching extended beyond the re- Society on issues of medical practices, man- quired classroom curriculum. He challenged aged care, hospital staff privileges, limited HON. JEB HENSARLING not only his students but also his colleagues to strive to achieve their highest potential. His partnerships and asset protection for physi- OF TEXAS role as a teacher was expanded to one of a cians. Marvin also has several medical soci- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friend, mentor and confidant to multitudes of eties as clients and has lectured at many hos- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 pitals to the attending medical staff on dif- his students, their families and the school staff and faculty. ferent health care issues. Additionally, he has Mr. HENSARLING. Mr. Speaker, in the month of January, across the country, the When J.R. became principal of Santa Bar- lectured to residents at different hospitals bara High School in 1995 he came not as an throughout New York State. State of Texas and in the Fifth Congressional District, we celebrate School Board Recogni- outsider but as a leader among his peers. He Marvin also represents large health care tion Month to acknowledge the hard work of was one of the family. He had graduated from groups in negotiating different contracts for school board members and thank them for the school in 1957 and in some ways never various HMOs. He has formed many multiple their valuable service in the education of our left. In his new position, he brought a light and specialty groups with MSOs and has nego- children. warmth to the campus that enabled all stu- tiated with investment bankers who are acquir- During School Board Recognition Month, we dents of all backgrounds to feel welcome. In ing many health care groups which are going honor the administrators, staff, and volunteers return for his dedication, he has left a lasting to be taken public. Marvin has served as a of the Dallas Independent School District who impression on all of his students who feel his consultant to a number of hospitals on dif- work to promote academic excellence and impact on their lives today. Each person who ferent matters that pertain to their needs, and provide a safe learning environment for our recalls J.R. Richards holds close at heart that in conjunction with other groups he has per- students. welcoming, affirming ‘‘DON’’ standing in the halls before class. He inspired confidence, formed compliance studies for large health School board members are responsible for urging each of us to strive to be the very best care organizations. fulfilling one of the most important roles in our society: helping develop young men and we can. We won’t let you down J.R. You Mr. Speaker, Marvin L. Lifshutz has dem- women into the future leaders of our Nation’s mean too much to us. onstrated exceptional skills and knowledge in Mr. Speaker, I ask that today we join with economy, government, community, and the field of health care law and continues to J.R.’s family in mourning the passing of this houses of worship. exceptional man, whose presence will be provide important representation in this area. I would like to extend my most sincere greatly missed. As such, he is more than worthy of receiving thanks to all Dallas school board members for our recognition today, and I urge my col- their continued dedication and hard work. f leagues to join me in honoring this truly re- Their contribution to the education of our chil- LOWER BUCKS COUNTY DAV CHAP- markable person. dren is truly helping to shape the future of our TER #117–PA CELEBRATES ITS communities and our Nation. 50TH ANNIVERSARY f f ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF PERSONAL EXPLANATION HON. JAMES C. GREENWOOD LOUIS ALLEN OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JAMES R. LANGEVIN Tuesday, February 10, 2004 OF RHODE ISLAND HON. BENNIE G. THOMPSON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. GREENWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I would OF MISSISSIPPI like to take this opportunity to commend the Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Lower Bucks County Disabled American Vet- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. LANGEVIN. Mr. Speaker, on February 3 erans Chapter #117–PA, an organization that will be celebrating its 50th anniversary on Feb- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 and February 4, I was in Rhode Island per- forming official duties. I would like the RECORD ruary 15, 2004. Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi. Mr. Speak- to show that, had I been present, I would have Lower Bucks County DAV Chapter #117 er, I would like to recognize the anniversary of voted ‘‘yea’’ on Roll Call Nos. 12, 13, 14, 15, shares a proud history with one of the Nation’s the death of Louis Allen. I submit the following 16, 17, and 18. oldest and most important housing develop- article from Dittmer, John. ‘‘Local People.’’ Ur- f ments. In 1951, developer William Levitt first unveiled the three styles of homes that would bana. University of Illinois Press, 1994, page HONORING THE LIFE OF J.R. 215. eventually populate what would later be known RICHARDS as Levittown, a planned housing development ‘‘Mississippi Freedom Summer Timeline,’’ constructed to meet the needs of the employ- January 31, 1964 HON. LOIS CAPPS ees of the Rohm and Haas Chemical plant in On the evening of January 31, 1964, Louis OF CALIFORNIA Bristol, 3M in Bristol Township, and the new Allen was gunned down outside his home in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES steel-making facility for U.S. Steel-Fairless Works in Falls Township. Many veterans of Amite County, Mississippi. Married and the fa- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 ther of four children, the 45-year-old inde- World War II and the Korean War purchased pendent logger was hit in the face with two Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to homes in this community under the GI Bill’s loads of buckshot, dying almost instantly. honor the remarkable life of J.R. Richards. mortgage package. As a result, numerous Vet- Three years earlier, he had seen Mississippi J.R. was an exemplary leader in my commu- erans of Foreign Wars and American Legion State legislator E.H. Hurst shoot Herbert Lee, nity, the 23rd Congressional District. I had the posts were established in the area to meet the local civil rights pioneer, in cold blood. After pleasure of knowing and working alongside needs of the local veteran population. word got around that Allen had talked with J.R. during my time as a school nurse in the Although differing in their individual mission statements, all these groups had one common Justice Department officials about the case, Santa Barbara School Districts. As a teacher, he devoted his life to public denominator: war-inflicted injuries. As a means his life became a nightmare. Over the next education, through which he daily strove to of combating some of the myths associated two years, Allen suffered economic harass- serve young people. In this capacity, he taught with conflict-related disabilities, a small group ment, was jailed on false charges and had his mathematics; and many of his students have of World War II and Korean War veterans peti- jaw broken by a deputy sheriff. commented to me on how interesting and dy- tioned the National Disabled Americans for a When, early in 1964, he learned that whites namic he made the subject for them. J.R. told charter. On October 21, 1953, Lower Bucks were planning to kill him, the victim made me once that his greatest pleasure came from County DAV Chapter #117–PA was estab- plans to join his brother in Milwaukee. Allen drawing out math skills from a classroom of lished; and over the years, its members have was to leave Mississippi on February 1, one students for whom math was particularly chal- shown that those injured in battle can become day too late. No one was ever charged in the lenging. As one of the most dedicated teach- indispensable members of society through murder. ers in the Santa Barbara School Districts, he their activities within the community.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K10FE8.013 E10PT1 E142 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 Throughout the past 50 years, Lower Bucks was then transported to Springfield, Illinois for others of his age (fifty). But distinctly un- County DAV Chapter #117’s leadership and its burial. Later, Baxter came to Pawnee in the like Rumsfeld at a press conference, Feith in members have never failed to remember their summer of 1870 and remained until his death this interview did not seem at all arrogant or testy. His replies were relatively candid primary objective: to come to the aid of vet- in 1934. and unforced, in contrast to the angry or re- erans and to be an active service organization Another prominent citizen was Harry lentlessly on-message responses that have within the community it serves. I commend Howland Mason (1873–1946). He was the become standard from senior Administration DAV Chapter #117 for its continued leader- publisher of the Pawnee Herald newspaper officials. He acknowledged what was ‘‘be- ship, and I wish it all the best as it enters its until he was elected to the U.S. Congress in coming the conventional wisdom’’ about the next 50 years of service. 1934 as Representative for the 21st Congres- Administration’s failure to plan adequately for events after the fall of Baghdad, and then f sional District. Pawnee’s earliest inhabitants were farmers, explained—with animation, dramatic pauses, and gestures—why he thought it was wrong. PAWNEE SESQUICENTENNIAL and later farmers and coal miners, common RECOGNITION Feith offered a number of specific illustra- folk, and businessmen. Today it has blos- tions of what he considered underappreciated somed into a village of 2,800 residents. Rather successes. Some were familiar—the oil wells HON. JOHN SHIMKUS than growth in its business and agricultural weren’t on fire, Iraqis didn’t starve or flee— OF ILLINOIS areas, growth is attributed to its outstanding but others were less so. For instance, he de- scribed the Administration’s careful effort to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES school system, churches, and low crime rate. Many residents choose to reside in Pawnee replace old Iraqi dinars, which carried Sad- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 dam Hussein’s image (‘‘It’s interesting how and commute to their employment in other Mr. SHIMKUS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to important that is, and it ties into the whole communities. issue of whether people think that Saddam pay special tribute to the Village of Pawnee, Il- In June of this year it will celebrate its ses- might be coming back’’), with a new form of linois, as they celebrate their sesquicentennial. quicentennial, 150 years of being. It looks for- currency, without causing a run on the cur- Established in 1854, the people of Pawnee ward to at least 150 more years!’’ rency. But mainly he challenged the premise of have prospered while giving so much to this f great nation. most critics: that the Administration could In the middle of the 19th century, the Village BLIND INTO BAGHDAD have done a better job of preparing for the of Pawnee started as a settlement at the bot- consequences of victory. When I asked what had gone better than expected, and what had tom of a hill next to a creek in central Illinois. HON. DAVID R. OBEY gone worse, he said, ‘‘We don’t exactly deal In the past, the small town boasted its own OF WISCONSIN in ‘expectations.’ Expectations are too close coalmine and railroad. Pawnee’s earliest in- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to ‘predictions.’ We’re not comfortable with habitants were farmers, coalminers, common predictions. It is one of the big strategic folk, and businessmen. Today, because of its Tuesday, February 10, 2004 premises of the work that we do.’’ outstanding school system, churches, and low Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, anyone interested The limits of future knowledge, Feith said, crime rate, the town has blossomed into a vil- in why there has been such chaos in post-war were of special importance to Rumsfeld, lage of 2,800 residents. Iraq needs to read the article I am inserting in ‘‘who is death to predictions.’’ ‘‘His big stra- tegic theme is uncertainty,’’ Feith said. I am proud to represent the great people of the RECORD by James Fallows which ap- ‘‘The need to deal strategically with uncer- the Village of Pawnee and to share in this peared in the most recent issue of the Atlantic tainty. The inability to predict the future. special occasion with them. I thank them for Monthly. The limits on our knowledge and the limits all they give to this great nation and I wish [From the Atlantic Monthly, January/ on our intelligence.’’ them many successes in the years to come. February 2004] In practice, Feith said, this meant being Congratulations! BLIND INTO BAGHDAD ready for whatever proved to be the situa- For those today who don’t know enough tion in postwar Iraq. ‘‘You will not find a (By James Fallows) single piece of paper . . . . If anybody ever about Pawnee, Illinois I have included this On a Friday afternoon last November, I went through all of our records—and some- brief history of the town by Skip Minder: met Douglas Feith in his office at the Pen- day some people will, presumably—nobody ‘‘Justus Henkle and his family were the first tagon to discuss what has happened in Iraq. will find a single piece of paper that says, Pawnee area settlers, arriving in the middle of Feith’s title is undersecretary of defense for ‘Mr. Secretary or Mr. President, let us tell March, 1818. They were followed by other policy, which places him, along with several you what postwar Iraq is going to look like, early settlers, many of who settled at the bot- other undersecretaries, just below Secretary and here is what we need plans for.’ If you tom of a hill next to a creek, thus assuring a of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Deputy Sec- tried that, you would get thrown out of retary Paul Wolfowitz in the Pentagon’s hi- Rumsfeld’s office so fast—if you ever went in water supply. erarchy. Informally he is seen in Washington The small settlement became known as the there and said,‘Let me tell you what some- as ‘‘Wolfowitz’s Wolfowitz’’—that is, as a thing’s going to look like in the future,’ you Horse Creek Settlement. In 1854, it petitioned deputy who has a wide range of responsibil- wouldn’t get to your next sentence!’’ the U.S. Post Office Department for a post of- ities but is clearly identified with one par- ‘‘This is an important point,’’ he said, ‘‘be- fice. The Post Office Department did not like ticular policy. That policy is bringing re- cause of this issue of What did we believe? the Horse Creek Settlement name and arbi- gime change to Iraq—a goal that both . . . . The common line is, nobody planned trarily changed it to Pawnee, and so it has Wolfowitz and Feith strongly advocated for security because Ahmed Chalabi told us been from that time forward. through the 1990s. To opponents of the war in that everything was going to be swell.’’ Iraq, Feith is one of several shadowy, The Village of Pawnee was incorporated on Chalabi, the exiled leader of the Iraqi Na- Rasputinlike figures who are shaping U.S. tional Congress, has often been blamed for November 9, 1891, and was and is still gov- policy. He is seen much the way enemies of making rosy predictions about the ease of erned by a Village President and six Village the Clinton Administration saw Hillary Clin- governing postwar Iraq. ‘‘So we predicted Trustees. ton. Others associated with the Bush Admin- that everything was going to be swell, and In its early days the town boasted its own istration who are seen this way include the we didn’t plan for things not being swell.’’ coalmine, the Horse Creek Coal Company, consultant Richard Perle; Lewis ‘‘Scooter’’ Here Feith paused for a few seconds, raised which later became the Peabody Coal Com- Libby, the chief of staff for Vice President his hands with both palms up, and put on a pany Mine #5, and its own railroad known as Dick Cheney; and the Vice President himself. ‘‘Can you believe it?’’ expression. ‘‘I mean— What these officials have in common is their the Pawnee Railroad. That railroad was the one would really have to be a simpleton. And presumably great private influence and— whatever people think of me, how can any- forerunner of the current Chicago and Illinois even in the case of the Vice President—their body think that Don Rumsfeld is that dumb? Midland Railroad (C&IM). limited public visibility and accountability. He’s so evidently not that dumb, that how One of Pawnee’s inhabitants was a man In person Douglas Feith is nothing like can people write things like that?’’ He named Edward A. Baxter (1847–1934). At age Rasputin. Between a Reagan-era stint in the sounded amazed rather than angry. 14, he enlisted in Indiana as a Union soldier Pentagon and his current job he was a Wash- No one contends that Donald Rumsfeld, or during the Civil War along with six of his ington lawyer for fifteen years, and he an- Paul Wolfowitz, or Douglas Feith, or the Ad- brothers. They became known as the ‘‘seven swered my questions with a lawyer’s affa- ministration as a whole is dumb. The wisdom bility in the face of presumed disagreement. of their preparations for the aftermath of fighting Baxter brothers’’. All survived the war. I could be biased in Feith’s favor, because he military victory in Iraq is the question. In 1865, young soldier, Ed Baxter, stood in was the most senior Administration official Feith’s argument was a less defensive-sound- the honor guard at the head of Abraham Lin- who granted my request for an interview ing version of the Administration’s general coln’s casket during funeral services for Lin- about postwar Iraq. Like Donald Rumsfeld, response to criticisms of its postwar policy: coln in Indianapolis, Indiana. Lincoln’s body Feith acts and sounds younger than many Life is uncertain, especially when the lid

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:59 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K10FE8.012 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E143 comes off a long-tyrannized society. Amer- be the policy of the United States to support announced the lineup of the working groups. ican planners did about as well as anyone efforts to remove the regime headed by Sad- At the time, media attention was over- could in preparing for the unforeseeable. dam Hussein from power.’’ During the 2000 whelmingly directed toward Afghanistan, Anyone who says otherwise is indulging in presidential campaign Al Gore promised to where Operation Anaconda, the half-success- lazy, unfair second-guessing. ‘‘The notion support groups working to unseat Saddam ful effort to kill or capture al-Qaeda and that there was a memo that was once writ- Hussein. In the week before Bush took office, Taliban fighters, was under way. ten, that if we had only listened to that Nicholas Lemann reported in The New York- For several months before announcing the memo, all would be well in Iraq, is so prepos- er that ‘‘the idea of overthrowing Saddam is project the State Department had been at- terous,’’ Feith told me. not an idle fantasy—or, if it is, it’s one that tempting to coordinate the efforts of the The notion of a single memo’s changing has lately occupied the minds of many Amer- many fractious Iraqi exile organizations. The history is indeed farfetched. The idea that a ican officials, including people close to Future of Iraq project held the potential for substantial body of knowledge could have George W. Bush.’’ But the intellectual case harnessing, and perhaps even harmonizing, improved postwar prospects is not. The Ad- for regime change, argued during the Clinton the expertise available from the exile groups. ministration could not have known every- years by some Democrats and notably by It was also in keeping with a surprisingly thing about what it would find in Iraq. But Paul Wolfowitz, then the dean of the Johns well established U.S. government tradition it could have—and should have—done far Hopkins School of Advanced International of preparing for postwar duties before there more than it did. Studies, shifted clearly toward operational was a clear idea of when fighting would Almost everything, good and bad, that has planning after the destruction of the World begin, let alone when it would end. Before happened in Iraq since the fall of Saddam Trade Center. the United States entered World War II, Hussein’s regime was the subject of exten- For much of the public this case for war teams at the Army War College were study- sive pre-war discussion and analysis. This is against Iraq rested on an assumed connec- ing what went right and wrong when Amer- particularly true of what have proved to be tion (though this was never demonstrated, ican doughboys occupied Germany after the harshest realities for the United States and was officially disavowed by the Presi- World War I. Within months of the attack on since the fall of Baghdad: that occupying the dent) between Saddam Hussein’s regime and Pearl Harbor, a School of Military Govern- country is much more difficult than con- the terrorist hijackers. Within the govern- ment had been created, at the University of quering it; that a breakdown in public order ment the case was equally compelling but Virginia, to plan for the occupation of both can jeopardize every other goal; that the am- different. September 11 had shown that the Germany and Japan. In 1995, while U.S. nego- bition of patiently nurturing a new democ- United States was newly vulnerable; to pro- tiators, led by Richard Holbrooke, were still racy is at odds with the desire to turn con- tect itself it had to fight terrorists at their working at the Dayton peace talks to end trol over to the Iraqis quickly and get U.S. source; and because Saddam Hussein’s re- the war in the Balkans, World Bank rep- troops out; that the Sunni center of the gime was the leading potential source of fu- resentatives were on hand to arrange loans country is the main security problem; that ture ‘‘state-sponsored’’ terrorism, it had be- for the new regimes. Contemplating postwar plans posed a prob- with each passing day Americans risk being come an active threat, whether or not it lem for those who, like many in the State seen less as liberators and more as occupiers, played any role in 9/11. The very next day, Department, were skeptical of the need for and targets. September 12, 2001, James Woolsey, who had war. Were they making a war more likely if All this, and much more, was laid out in been Clinton’s first CIA director, told me they prepared for its aftermath? Thomas detail and in writing long before the U.S. that no matter who proved to be responsible Warrick, the State Department official who government made the final decision to at- for this attack, the solution had to include directed the Future of Iraq project, was con- tack. Even now the collective efforts at plan- removing Saddam Hussein, because he was so sidered to be in the antiwar camp. But ac- ning by the CIA, the State Department, the likely to be involved next time. A military cording to associates, he explained the im- Army and the Marine Corps, the United planner inside the Pentagon later told me portance of preparing for war by saying, States Agency for International Develop- that on September 13 his group was asked to ‘‘I’m nervous that they’re actually going to ment, and a wide variety of other groups in- draw up scenarios for an assault on Iraq, not do it—and the day after they’ll turn to us side and outside the government are under- just Afghanistan. and ask, ‘Now what?’’’ So he pushed ahead appreciated by the public. The one pre-war Soon after becoming the Army Chief of with the project, setting up numerous con- effort that has received substantial recent Staff, in 1999, General Eric Shinseki had ferences and drafting sessions that would attention, the State Department’s Future of begun ordering war-game exercises to judge bring together teams of exiles—among them Iraq project, produced thousands of pages of strategies and manpower needs for possible Kanan Makiya, the author of the influential findings, barely one paragraph of which has combat in Iraq. This was not because he as- anti-Saddam book, Republic of Fear, first until now been quoted in the press. The Ad- sumed a war was imminent. He thought that published in 1989. A small number of ‘‘inter- ministration will be admired in retrospect the greater Caspian Sea region, including national advisers,’’ mainly from the United for how much knowledge it created about the Iraq, would present a uniquely difficult chal- States, were also assigned to the teams. challenge it was taking on. U.S. government lenge for U.S. troops, because of its geog- Eventually there would be seventeen work- predictions about postwar Iraq’s problems raphy and political tensions. After 9/11, ing groups, designed systematically to cover have proved as accurate as the assessments Army war games involving Iraq began in ear- what would be needed to rebuild the political of pre-war Iraq’s strategic threat have nest. proved flawed. In his first State of the Union address, on and economic infrastructure of the country. But the Administration will be condemned January 29, 2002, President Bush said that ‘‘Democratic Principles and Procedures’’ was for what it did with what was known. The Iraq, Iran, and North Korea were an ‘‘axis of the name of one of the groups, which was as- problems the United States has encountered evil’’ that threatened world peace. ‘‘By seek- signed to suggest the legal framework for a are precisely the ones its own expert agen- ing weapons of mass destruction, these re- new government; Makiya would write much cies warned against. Exactly what went gimes pose a grave and growing danger. They of its report. The ‘‘Transitional Justice’’ wrong with the occupation will be studied could provide these arms to terrorists, giving group was supposed to work on reparations, for years—or should be. The missteps of the them the means to match their hatred. They amnesty, and de-Baathification laws. Groups first half year in Iraq are as significant as could attack our allies or attempt to black- studying economic matters included ‘‘Public other classic and carefully examined failures mail the United States.’’ Finance,’’ ‘‘Oil and Energy,’’ and ‘‘Water, in foreign policy, including John Kennedy’s By the time of this speech efforts were Agriculture and Environment.’’ In May of 2002 Congress authorized $5 mil- handling of the Bay of Pigs invasion, in 1961, afoot not simply to remove Saddam Hussein lion to fund the project’s studies. In the flur- and Lyndon Johnson’s decision to escalate but also to imagine what Iraq would be like ry of news from Afghanistan the project U.S. involvement in Vietnam, in 1965. The when he was gone. In late October of 2001, went unnoticed in the press until June, when United States withstood those previous fail- while the U.S. military was conducting its the State Department announced that the ures, and it will withstand this one. Having rout of the Taliban from Afghanistan, the first meetings would take place in July. taken over Iraq and captured Saddam Hus- State Department had quietly begun its ‘‘The role of the U.S. government and State sein, it has no moral or practical choice planning for the aftermath of a ‘‘transition’’ Department is to see what the Iraqis and other than to see out the occupation and to in Iraq. At about the time of the ‘‘axis of Iraqi-Americans want,’’ Warrick said at a help rebuild and democratize the country. evil’’ speech, working groups within the de- conference on June 1, 2002. ‘‘The impetus for But its missteps have come at a heavy cost. partment were putting together a list of change comes from [Iraqis], not us. This is And the ongoing financial, diplomatic, and postwar jobs and topics to be considered, and the job of Iraqis inside and outside.’’ human cost of the Iraq occupation is the possible groups of experts to work on them. That same day President Bush delivered a more grievous in light of advance warnings ONE YEAR BEFORE THE WAR: THE ‘‘FUTURE OF graduation speech at West Point, giving a the government had. IRAQ’’ first look at the doctrine of pre-emptive war. BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001: THE EARLY DAYS Thus was born the Future of Iraq project, He told the cadets, to cheers, ‘‘Our security Concern about Saddam Hussein pre-dated whose existence is by now well known, but will require all Americans to be forward- the 9/11 attacks and even the inauguration of whose findings and potential impact have looking and resolute, to be ready for pre- George W. Bush. In 1998 Congress passed and rarely been reported and examined. The emptive action when necessary to defend our President Bill Clinton signed the Iraq Lib- State Department first publicly mentioned liberty and to defend our lives.’’ Later in the eration Act, which declared that ‘‘it should the project in March of 2002, when it quietly summer the doctrine was elaborated in a new

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.033 E10PT1 E144 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 National Security Strategy, which explained included a new ‘‘Iraqi Government Code of Each of the preceding themes would seem that since ‘‘rogue states’’ could not be con- Ethics,’’ which began, ‘‘Honesty, integrity, to imply a long, difficult U.S. commitment tained or deterred, they needed to be de- and fairness are the fundamental values for in Iraq. America should view its involvement stroyed before they could attack. the people of Iraq.’’) The overview volume, in Iraq, the summary report said, not as it Whenever National Security Adviser which appears to have been composed as a had Afghanistan, which was left to stew in Condoleezza Rice was interviewed that sum- series of PowerPoint charts, said that the lightly supervised warlordism, but as it had mer, she talked mainly about the thinking United States was undertaking this effort Germany and Japan, which were rebuilt over behind the new policy. When Vice President because, among other things, ‘‘detailed pub- many years. But nearly every working group Dick Cheney was interviewed, he talked lic planning’’ conveys U.S. government ‘‘se- stressed one other point: the military occu- mainly about Saddam Hussein’s defiance of riousness’’ and the message that the U.S. pation itself had to be brief. ‘‘Note: Military international law. But when Secretary of government ‘‘wants to learn from past re- government idea did not go down well,’’ one State Colin Powell was interviewed, he con- gime change experiences.’’ chart in the summary volume said. The ‘‘Oil stantly stressed the value of an inter- For their part, the Iraqi participants em- and Energy’’ group presented a ‘‘key con- national approach to the problem and the phasized several points that ran through all cept’’: ‘‘Iraqis do not work for American con- need to give UN arms inspectors adequate the working groups’ reports. A recurring tractors; Americans are seen assisting theme was the urgency of restoring elec- time to do their job. Iraqis.’’ War with Iraq was not inevitable at this tricity and water supplies as soon as possible Americans are often irritated by the illogic after regime change. The first item in the point, but it seemed more and more likely. of ‘‘resentful dependence’’ by weaker states. list of recommendations from the ‘‘Water, Daily conversation in Washington, which South Koreans, for example, complain bit- Agriculture and Environment’’ group read, usually reverts to ‘‘So, who do you think will terly about U.S. soldiers in their country but ‘‘Fundamental importance of clean water be the next President?,’’ switched instead to would complain all the more bitterly if the ‘‘So, when do you think we’re going to war?’’ supplies for Iraqis immediately after transi- tion. Key to coalition/community relations.’’ soldiers were removed. The authors of the It was in these circumstances that the Fu- Future of Iraq report could by those stand- ture of Iraq project’s working groups delib- One of the groups making economic rec- ommendations wrote, ‘‘Stressed importance ards also be accused of illogical thinking, in erated. Most of the meetings were in Wash- wanting U.S. support but not wanting U.S. ington. Some were in London, and one ses- of getting electrical grid up and running im- mediately—key to water systems, jobs. control. Moreover, many of the project’s sion, in early September, took place in Sur- members had a bias that prefigured an im- rey, where representatives of a dozen mutu- Could go a long way to determining Iraqis’ attitudes toward Coalition forces.’’ portant source of postwar tension: they were ally suspicious exile groups discussed pros- exiles who considered themselves the pects for democratic coexistence when Sad- A second theme was the need to plan care- fully for the handling and demobilization of likeliest beneficiaries if the United States dam Hussein was gone. (Along with Chalabi’s Iraq’s very sizable military. On the one hand, transferred power to Iraqis quickly—even INC the meeting included several rival Kurd- a functioning army would be necessary for though, precisely because of their exile, they ish groups, Assyrian and Turkomen organi- public order and, once coalition forces with- had no obvious base of support within Iraq. zations, the Iraqi Constitutional Monarchy drew, for the country’s defense. (‘‘Our vision To skip ahead in the story: As chaos in- Movement, and others.) of the future is to build a democratic civil creased in Baghdad last summer, the chief The project did not overcome all the ten- society. In order to make this vision a re- U.S. administrator, L. Paul ‘‘Jerry’’ Bremer, sions among its members, and the results of ality, we need to have an army that can wrestled constantly with a variant of this its deliberations were uneven. Three of its work alongside this new society.’’) On the exile paradox. The Iraqi Governing Council, intended working groups never actually other hand, a large number of Saddam’s whose twenty-five members were chosen by met—including, ominously, ‘‘Preserving henchmen would have to be removed. The Americans, was supposed to do only the pre- Iraq’s Cultural Heritage.’’ The ‘‘Education’’ trick would be to get rid of the leaders with- paratory work for an elected Iraqi govern- group finally produced a report only six out needlessly alienating the ordinary ment. But the greater the pressure on pages long, in contrast to many hundreds of troops—or leaving them without income. Bremer for ‘‘Iraqification,’’ the more tempt- pages from most others. Some recommenda- One group wrote, ‘‘All combatants who are ed he was to give in to the council’s demand tions were quirky or reflected the tastes of included in the demobilization process must that he simply put it in charge without wait- the individual participants who drafted be assured by their leaders and the new gov- ing for an election. More than a year earlier, them. A report titled ‘‘Free Media’’ proposed ernment of their legal rights and that new long before combat began, the explicit rec- that all Iraqi journalists be taken out of the prospects for work and education will be pro- ommendations and implicit lessons of the country for a month-long re-education proc- vided by the new system.’’ Toward this end it Future of Iraq project had given the U.S. ess: ‘‘Those who ‘get it’ go back as reporters; laid out a series of steps the occupation au- government a very good idea of what polit- others would be retired or reassigned.’’ A thorities should take in the ‘‘disarmament, ical conflicts it could expect in Iraq. group that was considering ways of inform- demobilization, and reintegration’’ process. ing Iraq about the realities of democracy Another group, in a paper on democratic TEN MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR: WAR GAMES AND mentioned Baywatch and Leave It to Beaver principles, warned, ‘‘The decommissioning of WARNINGS as information sources that had given Iraqis hundreds of thousands of trained military As combat slowed in Afghanistan and the an imprecise understanding of American so- personnel that [a rapid purge] implies could teams of the Future of Iraq project contin- ciety. It recommended that a new film, Colo- create social problems.’’ ued their deliberations, the U.S. government nial America: Life in a Theocracy, be shot, Next the working groups emphasized how put itself on a wartime footing. In late May noting, ‘‘The Puritan experiments provide disorderly Iraq would be soon after libera- the CIA had begun what would become a long amazing parallels with current Moslem fun- tion, and how difficult it would be to get the series of war-game exercises, to think damentalism. The ultimate failures of these country on the path to democracy—though through the best- and worst-case scenarios US experiments can also be vividly illus- that was where it had to go. ‘‘The removal of after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein. Ac- trated—witch trials, intolerance, etc.’’ Saddam’s regime will provide a power vacu- cording to a person familiar with the proc- But whatever may have been unrealistic or um and create popular anxieties about the ess, one recurring theme in the exercises was factional about these efforts, even more of viability of all Iraqi institutions,’’ a paper on the risk of civil disorder after the fall of what the project created was impressive. The rebuilding civil society said. ‘‘The traumatic Baghdad. The exercises explored how to find final report consisted of thirteen volumes of and disruptive events attendant to the re- and secure the weapons of mass destruction recommendations on specific topics, plus a gime change will affect all Iraqis, both that were then assumed to be in and around one-volume summary and overview. These I Saddam’s conspirators and the general popu- Baghdad, and indicated that the hardest task have read—and I read them several months lace.’’ Another report warned more explicitly would be finding and protecting scientists into the occupation, when it was unfairly that ‘‘the period immediately after regime who knew about the weapons before they easy to judge how well the forecast was change might offer these criminals the op- could be killed by the regime as it was going standing up. (Several hundred of the 2,500 portunity to engage in acts of killing, plun- down. pages were in Arabic, which sped up the der and looting.’’ In the short term the occu- The CIA also considered whether a new reading process.) The report was labeled pying forces would have to prevent disorder. Iraqi government could be put together ‘‘For Official Use Only’’—an administrative In the long term, according to a report writ- through a process like the Bonn conference, term that implies confidentiality but has no ten by Kanan Makiya, they would need to which was then being used to devise a post- legal significance. The State Department recognize that ‘‘the extent of the Iraqi to- Taliban regime for Afghanistan. At the Bonn held the report closely until, last fall, it talitarian state, its absolute power and con- conference representatives of rival political agreed to congressional requests to turn over trol exercised from Baghdad, not to mention and ethnic groups agreed on the terms that the findings. the terror used to enforce compliance, can- established Hamid Karzai as the new Afghan Most of the project’s judgments look good not be overestimated in their impact on the President. The CIA believed that rivalries in in retrospect—and virtually all reveal a Iraqi psyche and the attendant feeling of Iraq were so deep, and the political culture touching earnestness about working out the fear, weakness, and shame.’’ Makiya contin- so shallow, that a similarly quick transfer of details of reconstructing a society. For in- ued, ‘‘These conditions and circumstances do sovereignty would only invite chaos. stance, one of the thickest volumes consid- not provide a strong foundation on which to Representatives from the Defense Depart- ered the corruption endemic in Iraqi life and build new institutions and a modern nation ment were among those who participated in laid out strategies for coping with it. (These state.’’ the first of these CIA war-game sessions.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.036 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E145 When their Pentagon superiors at the Office ereignty to the Iraqis, and the long-term re- public-works effort ever in the country. Be- of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) found out ality of commitments and costs. All the ex- fore the Big Dig, Natsios spent five years as about this, in early summer, the representa- perts agreed that what came after the fall of an executive at a major humanitarian NGO tives were reprimanded and told not to par- Baghdad would be harder for the United called World Vision. He also served in the ticipate further. ‘‘OSD’’ is Washington short- States than what came before. Persian Gulf during the 1991 Gulf War, as an hand, used frequently in discussions about SIX MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR: GETTING Army Reserve officer. By background he was the origins of Iraq war plans, and it usually SERIOUS the Administration official best prepared to refers to strong guidance from Rumsfeld, One week before Labor Day, while Presi- anticipate the combination of wartime and Wolfowitz, Feith, and one of Feith’s depu- dent Bush was at his ranch in Texas, Vice postwar obligations in Iraq. ties, William Luti. Their displeasure over At any given moment USAID is drawing up President Cheney gave a speech at a Vet- the CIA exercise was an early illustration of contingency plans for countries that might erans of Foreign Wars convention in Nash- a view that became stronger throughout soon need help. ‘‘I actually have a list, which ville. ‘‘There is no doubt that Saddam Hus- 2002: that postwar planning was an impedi- I will not show you,’’ Natsios told me in the sein now has weapons of mass destruction ment to war. fall, ‘‘of countries where there may not be [and that he will use them] against our Because detailed thought about the post- American troops soon, but they could fall friends, against our allies, and against us,’’ war situation meant facing costs and poten- apart—and if they do, what we could do for Cheney said. Time was running out, he con- tial problems, and thus weakened the case them.’’ By mid-September of 2002, six cluded, for America to remove this threat. A for launching a ‘‘war of choice’’ (the Wash- months before the official beginning of Oper- few days later CNN quoted a source ‘‘inti- ington term for a war not waged in imme- ation Iraqi Freedom, Natsios had additional mately familiar with [Colin] Powell’s think- diate self-defense), it could be seen as an teams working on plans for Iraq. Representa- ing’’ as saying that Powell was still insistent ‘‘antiwar’’ undertaking. The knowledge that tives of about a dozen relief organizations on the need for allied support and would op- U.S. soldiers would still be in Germany and and NGOs were gathering each week at pose any war in which the United States Japan sixty-plus years after Pearl Harbor USAID headquarters for routine coordina- would ‘‘go it alone . . . as if it doesn’t give a would obviously not have changed the deci- tion meetings. Iraq occupied more and more damn’’ about other nations’ views. Just after sion to enter World War II, and in theory the of their time through 2002. On October 10, Labor Day, Powell apparently won a battle Bush Administration could have presented one day before Congress voted to authorize inside the Administration and persuaded the overthrow of Saddam Hussein in a simi- the war, the meetings were recast as the Iraq Bush to take the U.S. case to the United Na- lar way: as a job that had to be done, even Working Group. though it might saddle Americans with costs tions. On September 12 Bush addressed the and a military presence for decades to come. UN General Assembly and urged it to insist FIVE MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR: OCCUPIERS OR Everyone can think of moments when Bush on Iraqi compliance with its previous resolu- LIBERATORS? or Rumsfeld has reminded the nation that tions concerning disarmament. The weekly meetings at USAID quickly this would be a longterm challenge. But dur- Before the war the Administration exer- settled into a pattern. The representatives of ing the months when the Administration was cised remarkable ‘‘message discipline’’ about the NGOs would say, ‘‘We’ve dealt with situ- making its case for the war—successfully to financial projections. When asked how much ations like this before, and we know what to Congress, less so to the United Nations—it the war might cost, officials said that so expect.’’ The U.S. government representa- acted as if the long run should be thought many things were uncertain, starting with tives would either say nothing or else reply, about only later on. whether there would even be a war, that No, this time it will be different. On July 31, 2002, the Senate Foreign Rela- there was no responsible way to make an es- The NGOs had experience dealing with a tions Committee invited a panel of experts timate. In part this reflected Rumsfeld’s em- reality that has not fully sunk in for most of to discuss the case for war against Iraq. On phasis on the unknowability of the future. It the American public. In the nearly three dec- August 1 it heard from other experts about was also politically essential, in delaying the ades since U.S. troops left Vietnam, the the likely ‘‘day after’’ consequences of mili- time when the Administration had to argue American military has fought only two wars tary victory. Senator Joseph Biden, a Demo- that regime change in Iraq was worth a spe- as most people understand the term: the two crat from Delaware, was then the chairman cific number of billions of dollars. against Saddam Hussein’s Iraq. But through of the committee. That first day Biden said In September, Lawrence Lindsay, then the the past thirty years U.S. troops have almost that the threat of WMD might force him to chief White House economic adviser, broke continuously been involved in combat some- vote in favor of the war (as he ultimately discipline. He was asked by The Wall Street where. Because those engagements—in Gre- did). But he worried that if the United States Journal how much a war and its aftermath nada, Lebanon, Panama, Haiti, Somalia, invaded without full allied support, ‘‘we may might cost. He replied that it might end up Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and else- very well radicalize the rest of the world, we at one to two percent of the gross domestic where—have no obvious connection with one may pick up a bill that’s $70 billion, $80 bil- product, which would mean $100 billion to another, politicians and the public usually lion, we may have to have extensive commit- $200 billion. Lindsay added that he thought discuss them as stand-alone cases. Each one ment of U.S. forces for an extended period of the cost of not going to war could conceiv- seems an aberration from the ‘‘real’’ wars time in Iraq.’’ ably be greater—but that didn’t placate his the military is set up to fight. Phebe Marr, an Iraq scholar retired from critics within the Administration. The Ad- To the NGO world, these and other modern the National Defense University, told the ministration was further annoyed by a re- wars (like the ones in Africa) are not the ex- committee that the United States ‘‘should port a few days later from Democrats on the ception but the new norm: brutal localized assume that it cannot get the results it House Budget Committee, which estimated encounters that destroy the existing polit- wants on the cheap’’ from regime change. ‘‘It the cost of the war at $48 billion to $93 bil- ical order and create a need for long-term must be prepared to put some troops on the lion. Lindsay was widely criticized in ‘‘back- international supervision and support. With- ground, advisers to help create new institu- ground’’ comments from Administration of- in the U.S. military almost no one welcomes tions, and above all, time and effort in the ficials, and by the end of the year he had this reality, but many recognize that peace- future to see the project through to a satis- been forced to resign. His comment ‘‘made it keeping, policing, and, yes, nation-building factory end. If the United States is not will- clear Larry just didn’t get it,’’ an unnamed are now the expected military tasks. The ing to do so, it had best rethink the project.’’ Administration official told The Washington military has gotten used to working along- Rend Rahim Francke, an Iraqi exile serving Post when Lindsay left. Lindsay’s example side the NGOs—and the NGOs were ready on the Future of Iraq project (and now the could hardly have encouraged others in the with a checklist of things to worry about ambassador from Iraq to the United States), Administration to be forthcoming with fi- once the regime had fallen. said that ‘‘the system of public security will nancial projections. Indeed, no one who re- An even larger question about historical break down, because there will be no func- mained in the Administration offered a plau- precedent began to surface. When Adminis- tioning police force, no civil service, and no sible cost estimate until months after the tration officials talked about models for justice system’’ on the first day after the war began. what would happen in Iraq, they almost al- fighting. ‘‘There will be a vacuum of polit- In September, the United States Agency ways referred to the lasting success in Japan ical authority and administrative author- for International Development began to and Germany—or else to countries of the ity,’’ she said. ‘‘The infrastructure of vital think in earnest about its postwar respon- former Soviet bloc in Eastern Europe. (A ci- sectors will have to be restored. An adequate sibilities in Iraq. It was the natural contact vilian adviser who went to Baghdad early in police force must be trained and equipped as for nongovernmental organizations, or the occupation recalls looking at his fellow quickly as possible. And the economy will NGOs, from the United States and other passengers on the military transport plane. have to be jump-started from not only stag- countries that were concerned with relief ef- The ones who weren’t asleep or flipping nation but devastation.’’ Other witnesses forts in Iraq. through magazines were reading books about discussed the need to commit U.S. troops for USAID’s administrator, Andrew Natsios, Japan or Germany, not about the Arab many years—but to begin turning constitu- came to the assignment with a complex set world. ‘‘That was not a good sign,’’ he told tional authority over to the Iraqis within six of experiences and instincts. He started his me.) If one thought of Iraq as Poland, or as months. The upshot of the hearings was an career, in the 1970s, as a Republican state the former East Germany, or as the former emphasis on the short-term importance of legislator in Massachusetts, and before the Czechoslovakia, or as almost any part of the security, the medium-term challenge of Bush Administration he had been the admin- onetime Soviet empire in Eastern Europe maintaining control while transferring sov- istrator of the state’s ‘‘Big Dig,’’ the largest other than Romania, one would naturally

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.039 E10PT1 E146 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 conclude that regime change in itself would there to just dribble out the clock but be and deployment data,’’ but what it really set the country well along the path toward able to say they’d consulted with us.’’ means to the armed forces, in particular the recovery. These countries were fine once And again the question arose of whether Army, is a way of doing business that is me- their repressive leaders were removed; so what lay ahead in Iraq would be similar to thodical, careful, and sure. The TPFDD for might Iraq well be. And if the former Yugo- the other ‘‘small wars’’ of the previous dec- Iraq was an unbelievably complex master slavia indicated darker possibilities, that ade-plus or something new. If it was similar, plan governing which forces would go where, could be explained as yet another failure of the NGOs had their checklists ready. These when, and with what equipment, on which Clinton-era foreign policy. included, significantly, the obligations planes or ships, so that everything would be Many NGO representatives assumed that placed on any ‘‘occupying power’’ by the coordinated and ready at the time of attack. postwar recovery would not be so automatic, Fourth Geneva Convention, which was One reason it took the military six months and that they should begin working on prep- signed in 1949 and is mainly a commonsense to get set for each of its wars against Iraq, a arations before the combat began. ‘‘At the list of duties—from protecting hospitals to comparatively pitiful foe, was the thorough- beginning our main message was the need for minimizing postwar reprisals—that a vic- ness of TPFDD planning. To its supporters, access,’’ I was told by Sandra Mitchell, the torious army must carry out. ‘‘But we were this approach is old-school in the best sense: vice-president of the International Rescue corrected when we raised this point,’’ Sandra if you fight, you really fight. To its detrac- Committee, who attended the USAID meet- Mitchell says. ‘‘The American troops would tors, this approach is simply old—ponderous, ings. Because of U.S. sanctions against Iraq, be ‘liberators’ rather than ‘occupiers,’ so the inefficient, and, although they don’t dare it was illegal for American humanitarian or- obligations did not apply. Our point was not call it cowardly, risk-averse at the least. ganizations to operate there. (Journalists to pass judgment on the military action but A streamlined approach had proved suc- were about the only category of Americans to describe the responsibilities.’’ cessful in Afghanistan, at least for a while, who would not get in trouble with their own In the same mid-October week that the as a relatively small U.S. force left much of government by traveling to and spending Senate approved the war resolution, a team the ground fighting to the Northern Alli- money in Iraq.) ‘‘Our initial messages were from the Strategic Studies Institute at the ance. In the longer run the American strat- like those in any potential crisis situation,’’ Army War College, in Carlisle Barracks, egy created complications for Afghanistan, Mitchell said, ‘‘but the reason we were so in- Pennsylvania, began a postwar-planning ex- because the victorious Northern Alliance sistent in this case was the precarious situa- ercise. Even more explicitly than the NGOs, leaders were newly legitimized as warlords. tion that already existed in Iraq. The inter- the Army team insisted that America’s mili- Donald Rumsfeld was one member of the Ad- nal infrastructure was shot, and you couldn’t tary past, reaching back to its conquest of ministration who seemed still to share the easily swing in resources from neighboring the Philippines, in 1898, would be a useful pre-9/11 suspicion about the risks of nation- countries, like in the Balkans.’’ The NGOs guide to its future duties in Iraq. As a rule, building, and so didn’t much care about the therefore asked, as a first step, for a presi- professional soldiers spend more time think- postwar consequences of a relatively small dential directive exempting them from the ing and talking about history than other invasion force. (His deputy, Paul Wolfowitz, sanctions. They were told to expect an an- people do; past battles are the only real evi- was more open to the challenge of rebuilding swer to this request by December. That dead- dence about doctrine and equipment. The in- Iraq, but he would never undercut or disobey line passed with no ruling. By early last year stitute—in essence, the War College’s think Rumsfeld.) In November, Rumsfeld began the NGOs felt that it was too dangerous to tank—was charged with reviewing recent oc- working through the TPFDD, with the goal go to Iraq, and the Administration feared cupations to help the Army ‘‘best address of paring the force planned for Iraq to its that if they went they might be used as hos- the requirements that will necessarily follow leanest, lightest acceptable level. The war games run by the Army and the tages. No directive was ever issued. operational victory in a war with Iraq,’’ as Pentagon’s joint staff had led to very high Through the fall and winter of 2002 the the institute’s director later said in a fore- projected troop levels. The Army’s rec- International Rescue Committee, Refugees word to the team’s report. ‘‘As the possi- ommendation was for an invasion force International, InterAction, and other groups bility of war with Iraq looms on the horizon, 400,000 strong, made up of as many Ameri- that met with USAID kept warning about it is important to look beyond the conflict to cans as necessary and as many allied troops one likely postwar problem that, as it turned the challenges of occupying the country.’’ as possible. ‘‘All the numbers we were com- out, Iraq avoided—a mass flow of refugees— The study’s principal authors were Conrad ing up with were quite large,’’ Thomas and another that was exactly as bad as ev- Crane, who graduated from West Point in the White, a retired general (and former Enron eryone warned: the lawlessness and looting early 1970s and taught there as a history pro- executive) who was the Secretary of the of the ‘‘day after’’ in Baghdad. The Bush Ad- fessor through the 1990s, and Andrew Terrill, Army during the war, told me recently. But ministration would later point to the ab- an Army Reserve officer and a strategic- Rumsfeld’s idea of the right force size was sence of refugees as a sign of the occupa- studies professor. With a team of other re- more like 75,000. The Army and the mili- tion’s underreported success. This achieve- searchers, which included representatives ment was, indeed, due in part to a success: tary’s joint leadership moderated their re- from the Army and the joint staff as well as the speed and precision of the military cam- quests in putting together the TPFDD, but other government agencies and think tanks, paign itself. But the absence of refugees was Rumsfeld began challenging the force num- they began high-speed work on a set of de- also a sign of a profound failure: the mis- bers in detail. When combat began, slightly tailed recommendations about postwar pri- taken estimates of Iraq’s WMD threat. All more than 200,000 U.S. soldiers were massed orities. The Army War College report was pre-war scenarios involving huge movements around Iraq. also connected to a pre-war struggle with yet of refugees began with the assumption that ‘‘In what I came to think of as Secretary another profound postwar consequence: the Saddam Hussein would use chemical or bio- Rumsfeld’s style,’’ an Army official who was fight within the Pentagon, between the civil- logical weapons against U.S. troops or his involved in the process told me recently, ‘‘he ian leadership in OSD and the generals run- own Kurdish or Shiite populations—and that didn’t directly say no but asked a lot of hard ning the Army, over the size and composi- either the fact or the fear of such assaults questions about the plan and sent us away tion of the force that would conquer Iraq. would force terrified Iraqis to evacuate. without approval. He would ask questions The power vacuum that led to looting was FOUR MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR: THE BATTLE IN that delayed the activation of units, because disastrous. ‘‘The looting was not a surprise,’’ THE PENTAGON he didn’t think the planned flow was right. Sandra Mitchell told me. ‘‘It should not have On November 5, 2002, the Republicans re- Our people came back with the under- come as a surprise. Anyone who has wit- gained control of the Senate and increased standing that their numbers were far too big nessed the fall of a regime while another their majority in the House in national mid- and they should be thinking more along the force is coming in on a temporary basis term elections. On November 8 the UN Secu- lines of Afghanistan’’—that is, plan for a knows that looting is standard procedure. In rity Council voted 15–0 in favor of Resolution light, mobile attack featuring Special Forces Iraq there were very strong signals that this 1441, threatening Iraq with ‘‘serious con- soldiers. Another participant described could be the period of greatest concern for sequences’’ if it could not prove that it had Rumsfeld as looking line by line at the de- humanitarian response.’’ One lesson of post- abandoned its weapons programs. ployments proposed in the TPFDD and say- war reconstruction through the 1990s was Just before 9/11 Donald Rumsfeld had been ing, ‘‘Can’t we do this with one company?’’ that even a short period of disorder could thought of as standing on a banana peel. The or ‘‘Shouldn’t we get rid of this unit?’’ Mak- have long-lasting effects. newspapers were full of leaked anonymous ing detailed, last-minute adjustments to the The meetings at USAID gave the veterans complaints from military officials who TPFDD was, in the Army’s view, like pulling of international relief operations a way to thought that his efforts to streamline and cogs at random out of a machine. According register their concerns. The problem was ‘‘transform’’ the Pentagon were unrealistic to an observer, ‘‘The generals would say, Sir, that they heard so little back. ‘‘The people and damaging. But with his dramatic meta- these changes will ripple back to every rail- in front of us were very well-meaning,’’ says morphosis from embattled Secretary of De- head and every company.’’ Joel Chamy, who represented Refugees Inter- fense to triumphant Secretary of War, Rums- The longer-term problem involved what national at the meetings. ‘‘And in fairness, feld’s reputation outside the Administration would happen after Baghdad fell, as it inevi- they were on such a short leash. But the dia- and his influence within it rose. He was oper- tably would. This was distinctly an Army logue was one-way. We would tell them stuff, ating from a position of great power when, in rather than a general military concern. and they would nod and say, Everything’s November, he decided to ‘‘cut the TPFDD.’’ ‘‘Where’s the Air Force now?’’ an Army offi- under control. To me it was like the old four- ‘‘Tipfid’’ is how people in the military pro- cer asked rhetorically last fall. ‘‘They’re corners offense in basketball. They were nounce the acronym for ‘‘time-phased force back on their bases—and they’re better off,

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.041 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E147 since they don’t need to patrol the ‘no-fly’ One man who was then working in the Pen- view of Books published an article by Wil- zones [in northern and southern Iraq, which tagon told me of walking down a hallway a liam Nordhaus titled ‘‘Iraq: The Economic U.S. warplanes had patrolled since the end of few months before the war and seeing Army Consequences of War,’’ which included care- the Gulf War]. The Navy’s gone, and most of General John Abizaid standing outside a fully considered estimates. Nordhaus, an the Marines have been pulled back. It’s the door. Abizaid, who after the war succeeded economist at Yale, had served on Jimmy Army holding the sack of shit.’’ A related Tommy Franks as commander of the Central Carter’s Council of Economic Advisers; the concern involved what a long-term commit- Command, or CENTCOM, was then the direc- article was excerpted from a much longer ment to Iraq would do to the Army’s ‘‘ops tor of the Joint Staff—the highest uniformed economic paper he had prepared. His range of tempo,’’ or pace of operations—especially if position in the Pentagon apart from the estimates was enormous, depending on how Reserve and National Guard members, who Joint Chiefs. A planning meeting for Iraq op- long the war lasted and what its impact on had no expectations of long-term foreign erations was under way. OSD officials told the world economy proved to be. Nordhaus service when they signed up, were posted in him he could not take part. calculated that over the course of a decade Iraq for months or even years. The military-civilian difference finally the direct and indirect costs of the war to The military’s fundamental argument for turned on the question of which would be the United States could be as low as $121 bil- building up what Rumsfeld considered a harder: winning the war or maintaining the lion or as high as $1.6 trillion. This was a wastefully large force is that it would be peace. According to Thomas White and sev- more thoroughgoing approach than the con- even more useful after Baghdad fell than eral others, OSD acted as if the war itself gressional budget committees had taken, but during actual combat. The first few days or would pose the real challenge. As White put it was similar in its overall outlook. weeks after the fighting, in this view, were it, ‘‘The planning assumptions were that the Nordhaus told me recently that he thinks he should have increased all his estimates to ac- crucial in setting long-term expectations. Ci- people would realize they were liberated, count for the ‘‘opportunity costs’’ of sta- vilians would see that they could expect a they would be happy that we were there, so tioning soldiers in Iraq—that is, if they are rapid return to order, and would behave ac- it would take a much smaller force to secure assigned to Iraq, they’re not available for de- cordingly—or they would see the opposite. the peace than it did to win the war. The re- This was the ‘‘shock and awe’’ that really ployment somewhere else. sistance would principally be the remnants On the last day of December, Mitch Dan- mattered, in the Army’s view: the ability to of the Baath Party, but they would go away make clear who was in charge. ‘‘Insights iels, the director of the Office of Manage- fairly rapidly. And, critically, if we didn’t ment and Budget, told The New York Times from successful occupations suggest that it damage the infrastructure in our military is best to go in real heavy and then draw that the war might cost $50 billion to $60 bil- operation, as we didn’t, the restart of the lion. He had to backtrack immediately, his down fast,’’ Conrad Crane, of the Army War country could be done fairly rapidly.’’ The College, told me. That is, a larger force spokesman stressing that ‘‘it is impossible to first assumption was clearly expressed by know what any military campaign would ul- would be necessary during and immediately Cheney three days before the war began, in after the war, but might mean a much small- timately cost.’’ The spokesman explained an exchange with Tim Russert on Meet the Daniels’s mistake by saying, ‘‘The only cost er occupation presence six months later. Press: ‘‘We’re in Baghdad, the regime is toppled— estimate we know of in this arena is the Per- RUSSERT: ‘‘If your analysis is not correct, sian Gulf War, and that was a sixty-billion- what’s next?’’ Thomas White told me, re- and we’re not treated as liberators but as counting discussions before the war. One of dollar event.’’ Daniels would leave the Ad- conquerors, and the Iraqis begin to resist, ministration, of his own volition, five the strongest advocates of a larger force was particularly in Baghdad, do you think the General Eric Shinseki, the Army Chief of months later. American people are prepared for a long, In the immediate run-up to the war the Staff. White said, ‘‘Guys like Shinseki, who costly, and bloody battle with significant Administration still insisted that the costs had been in Bosnia [where he supervised the American casualties?’’ were unforeseeable. ‘‘Fundamentally, we NATO force], been in Kosovo, started run- CHENEY: ‘‘Well, I don’t think it’s likely to have no idea what is needed unless and until ning the numbers and said, ’Let’s assume the unfold that way, Tim, because I really do be- we get there on the ground,’’ Paul Wolfowitz world is linear.’ For five million Bosnians we lieve that we will be greeted as liberators told the House Budget Committee on Feb- had two hundred thousand people to watch . . . The read we get on the people of Iraq is ruary 27, with combat less than three weeks over them. Now we have twenty-five million there is no question but what they want to away. ‘‘This delicate moment—when we are Iraqis to worry about, spread out over a get rid of Saddam Hussein and they will wel- assembling a coalition, when we are mobi- state the size of California. How many people come as liberators the United States when lizing people inside Iraq and throughout the is this going to take?’’ The heart of the we come to do that.’’ region to help us in the event of war, and Army’s argument was that with too few sol- Through the 1990s Marine General Anthony when we are still trying, through the United diers, the United States would win the war Zinni, who preceded Tommy Franks as Nations and by other means, to achieve a only to be trapped in an untenable position CENTCOM commander, had done war-gam- peaceful solution without war—is not a good during the occupation. ing for a possible invasion of Iraq. His exer- time to publish highly suspect numerical es- A note of personal rancor complicated cises involved a much larger U.S. force than timates and have them drive our declaratory these discussions, as it did many disagree- the one that actually attacked last year. policy.’’ ments over postwar plans. In our interview ‘‘They were very proud that they didn’t have Wolfowitz’s stonewalling that day was in Douglas Feith played this down—maintain- the kind of numbers my plan had called for,’’ keeping with the policy of all senior Admin- ing that press reports had exaggerated the Zinni told me, referring to Rumsfeld and istration officials. Until many months after degree of quarreling and division inside the Cheney. ‘‘The reason we had those two extra combat had begun, they refused to hazard Administration. These reports, he said, divisions was the security situation. Revenge even the vaguest approximation of what fi- mainly reflected the experience of lower- killings, crime, chaos—this was all foresee- nancial costs it might involve. Shinseki, so level officials, who were embroiled in one able.’’ often at odds with OSD, contemplated taking specific policy area and ‘‘might find them- Thomas White agrees. Because of rea- a different course. He was scheduled to tes- selves pretty much always at odds with their soning like Cheney’s, ‘‘we went in with the tify, with Thomas White, before the Senate counterparts from another agency.’’ Higher minimum force to accomplish the military Appropriations Committee on March 19, up, where one might be ‘‘fighting with some- objectives, which was a straightforward which turned out to be the first day of actual one on one issue but allied with them on task, never really in question,’’ he told me. combat. In a routine prep session before the something else,’’ relations were more colle- ‘‘And then we immediately found ourselves hearing he asked his assistants what he gial. Perhaps so. But there was no concealing shorthanded in the aftermath. We sat there should say about how much the operations in the hostility within the Pentagon between and watched people dismantle and run off Iraq were going to cost. ‘‘Well, it’s impos- most uniformed leaders, especially in the with the country, basically.’’ sible to predict,’’ a briefer began, reminding Army, and the civilians in OSD. him of the official line. THREE MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR Donald Rumsfeld viewed Shinseki as a Shinseki cut him off. ‘‘We don’t know ev- symbol of uncooperative, old-style thinking, In the beginning of December, Iraq sub- erything,’’ he said, and then he went through and had in the past gone out of his way to mitted its 12,000–page declaration to the UN a list of the many things the military al- humiliate him. In the spring of 2002, fourteen Security Council contending that it had no ready did know. ‘‘We know how many troops months before the scheduled end of remaining WMD stores. Near the end of De- are there now, and the projected numbers. Shinseki’s term, Rumsfeld announced who cember, President Bush authorized the dis- We know how much it costs to feed them his successor would be; such an announce- patch of more than 200,000 U.S. soldiers to every day. We know how much it cost to ment, which converts the incumbent into a the Persian Gulf. send the force there. We know what we have lame duck, usually comes at the last minute. There had still been few or no estimates of spent already to prepare the force and how The action was one of several calculated in- the war’s cost from the Administration— much it would cost to bring them back. We sults. only contentions that projections like Law- have estimates of how much fuel and ammu- From OSD’s point of view, Shinseki and rence Lindsay’s were too high. When pressed nition we would use per day of operations.’’ many of his colleagues were dragging their on this point, Administration officials re- In short, anyone who actually wanted to feet. From the Army’s point of view, OSD peatedly said that with so many uncertain- make an estimate had plenty of information was being reckless about the way it was ties, they could not possibly estimate the on hand. committing troops and highhanded in dis- cost. But early in December, just before At this point Jerry Sinn, a three-star gen- regarding the military’s professional advice. Lindsay was forced out, The New York Re- eral in charge of the Army’s budget, said

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.044 E10PT1 E148 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 that in fact he had worked up some num- ing. ‘‘The storm worked out perfectly,’’ tagon before the war, all the concentration bers—and he named a figure, for the Army’s Crane told me afterward. ‘‘We were all on the was on the war,’’ he said. ‘‘If you went there likely costs, in the tens of billions of dollars. post, there was no place anyone could go, we during the war, all the concentration was on But when Senator Byron Dorgan, of North basically had the whole place to ourselves.’’ the war. And if you went there after the war, Dakota, asked Shinseki at hearings on By the end of the month the War College they’d say, ‘That’s Jerry Bremer’s job.’’’ March 19 how much the war just beginning team had assembled a draft of its report, Still, the War College report confirmed what would cost, Shinseki was loyally vague called ‘‘Reconstructing Iraq: Insights Chal- the Army leadership already suspected: that (‘‘Any potential discussion about what an lenges and Missions for Military Forces in a its real challenges would begin when it took operation in Iraq or any follow-on probably Post-Conflict Scenario.’’ It was not classi- control of Baghdad. is undefined at this point’’). fied, and can be found through the Army War TWO MONTHS BEFORE THE WAR When Administration officials stopped College’s Web site. On January 27, 2003, the chief UN weapons The War College report has three sections. being vague, they started being unrealistic. inspector, Hans Blix, reported that ‘‘Iraq ap- The first is a review of twentieth-century oc- On March 27, eight days into combat, mem- pears not to have come to a genuine accept- cupations—from the major efforts in Japan bers of the House Appropriations Committee ance, not even today, of the disarmament and Germany to the smaller and more recent asked Paul Wolfowitz for a figure. He told that was demanded of it.’’ Twenty-four hours ones in Haiti, Panama, and the Balkans. The them that whatever it was, Iraq’s oil sup- later, in his State of the Union address, purpose of the review is to identify common plies would keep it low. ‘‘There’s a lot of President Bush said that the United States situations that occupiers might face in Iraq. money to pay for this,’’ he said. ‘‘It doesn’t was still hoping for UN endorsement of an The discussion of Germany, for instance, in- have to be U.S. taxpayer money. We are deal- action against Iraq—but would not be lim- ing with a country that can really finance cludes a detailed account of how U.S. occu- ited by the absence of one. its own reconstruction, and relatively soon.’’ piers ‘‘de-Nazified’’ the country without to- Increasingly the question in Washington On April 23 Andrew Natsios, of USAID, told tally dismantling its bureaucracy or exclud- about war was When? Those arguing for an incredulous Ted Koppel, on Nightline, ing everyone who had held a position of re- delay said that it would make everything that the total cost to America of recon- sponsibility. (The main tool was a easier. Perhaps Saddam Hussein would die. structing Iraq would be $1.7 billion. Koppel Fragebogen, or questionnaire, about each Perhaps he would flee or be overthrown. Per- shot back, ‘‘I mean, when you talk about person’s past activities, which groups of haps the UN inspectors would find his weap- one-point-seven, you’re not suggesting that anti-Nazi Germans and Allied investigators ons, or determine conclusively that they no the rebuilding of Iraq is gonna be done for reviewed and based decisions on.) longer existed. Perhaps the United States one-point-seven billion dollars?’’ Natsios was The second section of the report is an as- would have time to assemble, if not a broad clear: ‘‘’Well, in terms of the American tax- sessment of the specific problems likely to alliance for the battle itself, at least support payers’’ contribution, I do; this is it for the arise in Iraq, given its ethnic and regional for reconstruction and occupation, so that U.S. The rest of the rebuilding of Iraq will be tensions and the impact of decades of U.S. soldiers and taxpayers would not be left done by other countries who have already Baathist rule. Most Iraqis would welcome with the entire job. Even if the responsi- made pledges . . . But the American part of the end of Saddam Hussein’s tyranny, it said. bility were to be wholly America’s, each this will be one-point-seven billion dollars. Nonetheless, ‘‘Long-term gratitude is un- passing month would mean more time to We have no plans for any further-on funding likely and suspicion of U.S. motives will in- plan the peace as thoroughly as the war: to for this.’’ Only in September did President crease as the occupation continues. A force train civil-affairs units (which specialize in Bush make his request for a supplemental initially viewed as liberators can rapidly be peacekeeping rather than combat), and to appropriation of $87 billion for operations in relegated to the status of invaders should an hire Arabic-speakers. Indeed, several months Iraq. unwelcome occupation continue for a pro- into the U.S. occupation a confidential Army Planning for the postwar period intensified longed time. Occupation problems may be es- ‘‘lessons learned’’ study said that the ‘‘lack in December. The Council on Foreign Rela- pecially acute if the United States must im- of competent interpreters’’ throughout Iraq tions, working with the Baker Institute for plement the bulk of the occupation itself had ‘‘impeded operations.’’ Most of the Public Policy, at Rice University, convened rather than turn these duties over to a post- ‘‘military linguists’’ who were operating in a working group on ‘‘guiding principles for war international force.’’ Iraq, the study said, ‘‘basically [had] the U.S. post-war conflict policy in Iraq.’’ Leslie If these views about the risk of disorder ability to tell the difference between a burro Gelb, then the president of the Council on and the short welcome that Americans would and a burrito.’’ Foreign Relations, said that the group would enjoy sound familiar, that is because every Those arguing against delay said that the take no position for or against the war. But organization that looked seriously into the mere passage of time wouldn’t do any good its report, which was prepared late in Janu- situation sounded the same note. and would bring various risks. The world had ary of last year, said that ‘‘U.S. and coali- The last and most distinctive part of the already waited twelve years since the Gulf tion military units will need to pivot quickly War College report is its ‘‘Mission Matrix’’— War for Saddam Hussein to disarm. Congress from combat to peacekeeping operations in a 135-item checklist of what tasks would had already voted to endorse the war. The order to prevent post-conflict Iraq from de- have to be done right after the war and by Security Council had already shown its re- scending into anarchy.’’ The report contin- whom. About a quarter of these were ‘‘crit- solve. The troops were already on their way. ued, ‘‘Without an initial and broad-based ical tasks’’ for which the military would Each passing day, in this view, was a day in commitment to law and order, the logic of have to be prepared long before it reached which Saddam Hussein might deploy his score-settling and revenge-taking will reduce Baghdad: securing the borders so that for- weapons of terror. Iraq to chaos.’’ eign terrorists would not slip in (as they in Early in January the National Intelligence The momentum toward war put officials at fact did), locating and destroying WMD sup- Council, at the CIA, ran a two-day exercise the United Nations and other international plies, protecting religious sites, performing on postwar problems. Pentagon representa- organizations in a difficult position. On the police and security functions, and so on. The tives were still forbidden by OSD to attend. one hand, they had to be ready for what was matrix was intended to lay out a phased The exercise covered issues similar to those coming; on the other, it was awkward to be shift of responsibilities, over months or addressed in the Future of Iraq and Army seen discussing the impending takeover of years, from a mainly U.S. occupation force War College reports—and, indeed, to those one of their member states by another. ‘‘Off- to international organizations and, finally, considered by the Council on Foreign Rela- the-record meetings were happening in every to sovereign Iraqis. By the end of December tions and the Senate Foreign Relations Com- bar in New York,’’ one senior UN official told copies of the War College report were being mittee: political reconstruction, public me in the fall. An American delegation that circulated throughout the Army. order, border control, humanitarian prob- included Pentagon representatives went to According to the standard military model, lems, finding and securing WMD. Rome in December for a confidential meet- warfare unfolds through four phases: ‘‘deter- On January 15 the humanitarian groups ing with officials of the UN’s World Food rence and engagement,’’ ‘‘seize the initia- that had been meeting at USAID asked for a Programme, to discuss possible food needs tive,’’ ‘‘decisive operations,’’ and ‘‘post-con- meeting with Donald Rumsfeld or Paul after combat in Iraq. As The Wall Street flict.’’ Reality is never divided quite that Wolfowitz. They never got one. At an earlier Journal later reported, the meeting was un- neatly, of course, but the War College report meeting, according to a participant, they comfortable for both sides: the Americans stressed that Phase IV ‘‘post-conflict’’ plan- had been told, ‘‘The President has already had to tell the WFP officials, as one of them ning absolutely had to start as early as pos- spent an hour on the humanitarian issues.’’ recalled, ‘‘It is looking most probable you sible, well before Phase III ‘‘decisive oper- The most senior Pentagon official to meet are going to witness one of the largest mili- ations’’—the war itself. But neither the with them was Joseph Collins, a deputy as- tary engagements since the Second World Army nor the other services moved very far sistant secretary of defense. The representa- War.’’ This was hyperbole (Korea? Viet- past Phase III thinking. ‘‘All the A-Team tives of the NGOs were generally the most nam?), but it helped to convince the WFP guys wanted to be in on Phase III, and the B- senior and experienced figures from each or- that relief preparations should begin. team guys were put on Phase IV,’’ one man ganization; the government representatives On December 11 an ice storm hit the Mid- involved in Phase IV told me. Frederick Bar- were not of the same stature. ‘‘Without nam- Atlantic states. For Conrad Crane and his as- ton, of the Center for Strategic and Inter- ing names, the people we met were not real sociates at the Army War College, deep in national Studies, who was involved in post- decision-makers,’’ Joel Charny says. their crash effort to prepare their report on war efforts in Haiti, Rwanda, and elsewhere, On January 24 a group of archaeologists postwar Army challenges, this was a bless- put it differently. ‘‘If you went to the Pen- and scholars went to the Pentagon to brief

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.047 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E149 Collins and other officials about the most Collins, who was becoming the Pentagon’s his staff. In an interview with the BBC last important historic sites in Iraq, so that they point man for postwar planning, was can- November, Garner confirmed details of the could be spared in bombing. Thanks to preci- celed at the last minute, after a description firing that had earlier been published in sion targeting, the sites would indeed sur- of Gardiner’s report appeared in Inside the Newsweek. According to Garner, Rumsfeld vive combat. Many, of course, were pillaged Pentagon, an influential newsletter. asked him, ‘‘Jay, have you got a guy named almost immediately afterward. The closer the nation came to war, the Warrick on your team?’’ ‘‘I said, ‘Yes, I do.’ On January 30 the International Rescue more the Administration seemed to view He said, ‘Well, I’ve got to ask you to remove Committee, which had been participating in people like Gardiner as virtual Frenchmen— him.’ I said, ‘I don’t want to remove him; the weekly Iraq Working Group sessions, that is, softies who would always find some he’s too valuable.’ But he said, ‘This came to publicly warned that a breakdown of law and excuse to oppose the war. In one sense they me from such a high level that I can’t over- order was likely unless the victorious U.S. were right. ‘‘It became clear that what I was turn it, and I’ve just got to ask you to re- forces acted immediately, with martial law really arguing was that we had to delay the move Mr. Warrick.’’’ Newsweek’s conclusion if necessary, to prevent it. A week later Ref- war,’’ Gardiner told me. ‘‘I was saying, ’We was that the man giving the instructions was ugees International issued a similar warning. aren’t ready, and in just six or eight weeks Vice President Cheney. At the end of January, Sam Gardiner en- there is no way to get ready for everything This is the place to note that in several tered the picture. Gardiner is a retired Air we need to do.’’’ (The first bombs fell on months of interviews I never once heard Force colonel who taught for years at the Baghdad eight weeks after Gardiner’s meet- someone say ‘‘We took this step because the National War College in Washington. His ing with Khalilzad.) ‘‘Everyone was very in- President indicated . . .’’ or ‘‘The President specialty is war gaming, and through the terested and very polite and said I should really wanted . . .’’ Instead I heard ‘‘Rums- 1990s he was involved once or twice a year in talk to other people,’’ Gardiner said. ‘‘But feld wanted,’’ ‘‘Powell thought,’’ ‘‘The Vice major simulations involving an attack on they had that ‘Stalingrad stare’—people who President pushed,’’ ‘‘Bremer asked,’’ and so Baghdad. In the late 1990s Gardiner had been had been doing stuff under pressure for too on. One need only compare this with any dis- a visiting scholar at the Swedish National long and hadn’t had enough sleep. You want cussion of foreign policy in Reagan’s or Clin- Defense University, where he studied the ef- to shake them and say, ’Are you really with ton’s Administration—or Nixon’s, or Ken- fects of the bombing of Serbia’s electrical me?’’’ nedy’s, or Johnson’s, or most others—to grid. The big discovery was how long it took At the regular meeting of the Iraq Working sense how unusual is the absence of the to get the system up and running again, Group on January 29, the NGO representa- President as prime mover. The other con- after even a precise and limited attack. ‘‘De- tives discussed a recent piece of vital news. spicuously absent figure was Condoleezza capitation’’ attacks on a regime, like the one The Administration had chosen a leader for Rice, even after she was supposedly put in planned for Iraq, routinely begin with dis- all postwar efforts in Iraq: Jay M. Garner, a charge of coordinating Administration pol- abling the electrical grid. Gardiner warned retired three-star Army general who A car- icy on Iraq, last October. It is possible that that this Phase III step could cause big toon by Sage Stossel. had worked success- the President’s confidants are so discreet Phase IV problems. fully with the Kurds at the end of the Gulf that they have kept all his decisions and in- Late in 2002 Gardiner had put together War. The NGO representatives had no fault structions secret. But that would run what he called a ‘‘net assessment’’ of how to find with the choice of Garner, but they counter to the fundamental nature of bu- Iraq would look after a successful U.S. at- were concerned, because his organization reaucratic Washington, where people cite a tack. His intended audience, in government, would be a subunit of the Pentagon rather President’s authority whenever they pos- would recognize the designation as droll. than an independent operation or part of a sibly can (‘‘The President feels strongly ‘‘Net assessment’’ is a familiar term for a civilian agency. ‘‘We had been pushing con- about this, so . . .’’). CIA-style intelligence analysis, but Gardiner stantly to have reconstruction authority To me, the more likely inference is that also meant it to reflect the unusual origin of based in the State Department,’’ Joel Bush took a strong overall position—fighting his data: none of it was classified, and all of Charny told me. He and his colleagues were terrorism is this generation’s challenge—and it came from the Internet. Through the told by Wendy Chamberlin, a former ambas- then was exposed to only a narrow range of power of search engines Gardiner was able to sador to Pakistan who had become USAID’s options worked out by the contending forces assemble what in other days would have assistant administrator for the area includ- within his Administration. If this interpreta- seemed like a secret inside look at Iraq’s in- ing Iraq, that the NGOs should view Garner’s tion proves to be right, and if Bush did in frastructure. He found electricity diagrams appointment as a victory. After all, Garner fact wish to know more, then blame will fall for the pumps used at Iraq’s main water sta- was a civilian, and his office would draw rep- on those whose responsibility it was to tions; he listed replacement parts for the resentatives from across the government. present him with the widest range of choices: most vulnerable elements of the electrical ‘‘We said,’C’mon, Wendy, his office is in the Cheney and Rice. grid. He produced a scheme showing the ele- Pentagon!’’’ Charny says. Jim Bishop, a ONE MONTH BEFORE THE WAR ments of the system that would be easiest to former U.S. ambassador who now works for On February 14 Hans Blix reaffirmed to the attack but then quickest to repair. As it InterAction, pointed out that the NGOs, like United Nations his view that Iraq had de- happened, damage to the electrical grid was the U.S. government, were still hoping that cided to cooperate with inspectors. The divi- a major postwar problem. Despite the preci- other governments might help to fund hu- sion separating the United States and Brit- sion of the bombing campaign, by mid-April manitarian efforts. Bishop asked rhetori- ain from France, Germany, and Russia be- wartime damage and immediate postwar cally, ‘‘Who from the international commu- came stark. On February 15 antiwar dem- looting had reduced Baghdad’s power supply nity is going to fund reconstruction run onstrators massed in major cities around the to one fifth its pre-war level, according to an through the Pentagon?’’ world: a million in Madrid, more than a mil- internal Pentagon study. In mid-July the Garner assembled a team and immediately lion in Rome, and a million or more in Lon- grid would be back to only half its pre-war went to work. What happened to him in the don, the largest demonstration in Britain’s level, working on a three-hours-on, three- next two months is the best-chronicled part history. hours-off schedule. of the postwar fiasco. He started from On February 21 Tony Blair joined George On January 19 Gardiner presented his net scratch, trying to familiarize himself with Bush at Camp David, to underscore their assessment, with information about Iraq’s what the rest of the government had already joint determination to remove the threat water, sewage, and public-health systems as done. On February 21 he convened a two-day from Iraq. well as its electrical grid, at an unclassified meeting of diplomats, soldiers, academics, THREE WEEKS BEFORE THE WAR forum held by the RAND Corporation, in and development experts, who gathered at As the war drew near, the dispute about Washington. Two days later he presented it the National Defense University to discuss how to conduct it became public. On Feb- privately to Zalmay Khalilzad. Khalilzad was postwar plans. ‘‘The messiah could not have ruary 25 the Senate Armed Services Com- a former RAND analyst who had joined the organized a sufficient relief and reconstruc- mittee summoned all four Chiefs of Staff to Bush Administration’s National Security tion or humanitarian effort in that short a answer questions about the war—and its Council and before the war was named the time,’’ a former CIA analyst named Judith aftermath. The crucial exchange began with President’s ‘‘special envoy and ambassador- Yaphe said after attending the meeting, ac- a question from the ranking Democrat, Carl at-large for Free Iraqis.’’ (He has recently cording to Mark Fineman, Doyle McManus, Levin. He asked Eric Shinseki, the Army become the U.S. ambassador to Afghani- and Robin Wright, of the Los Angeles Times. Chief of Staff, how many soldiers would be stan.) Gardiner told me recently that (Fineman died of a heart attack last fall, required not to defeat Iraq but to occupy it. Khalilzad was sobered by what he heard, and while reporting from Baghdad.) Garner was Well aware that he was at odds with his ci- gave Gardiner a list of other people in the also affected by tension between OSD and vilian superiors at the Pentagon, Shinseki at government who should certainly be shown the rest of the government. Garner had first deflected the question. ‘‘In specific the assessment. In the next few weeks Gar- heard about the Future of Iraq project, al- numbers,’’ he said, ‘‘I would have to rely on diner presented his findings to Bear McCon- though Rumsfeld had told him not to waste combatant commanders’ exact requirements. nell, the USAID official in charge of foreign his time reading it. Nonetheless, he decided But I think . . .’’ and he trailed off. disaster relief, and Michael Dunn, an Air to bring its director, Thomas Warrick, onto ‘‘How about a range?’’ Levin asked. Force general who had once been Gardiner’s his planning team. Garner, who clearly does Shinseki replied—and recapitulated the ar- student and worked with the Joint Chiefs of not intend to be the fall guy for postwar gument he had made to Rumsfeld. Staff as acting director for strategic plans problems in Baghdad, told me last fall that ‘‘I would say that what’s been mobilized to and policy. A scheduled briefing with Joseph Rumsfeld had asked him to kick Warrick off this point, something on the order of several

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.050 E10PT1 E150 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 hundred thousand soldiers, are probably, you what was effectively the last meeting of the the top, was that it created an instant know, a figure that would be required. Iraq Working Group. Wendy Chamberlin, the enemy class: hundreds of thousands of men ‘‘We’re talking about post-hostilities con- senior USAID official present, discussed the who still had their weapons but no longer trol over a piece of geography that’s fairly impending war in terms that several partici- had a paycheck or a place to go each day. significant, with the kinds of ethnic tensions pants noted, wrote down, and later men- Manpower that could have helped on secu- that could lead to other problems. And so, it tioned to me. ‘‘It’s going to be very quick,’’ rity patrols became part of the security takes significant ground force presence to she said, referring to the actual war. ‘‘We’re threat. Studies from the Army War College, maintain safe and secure environment to en- going to meet their immediate needs. We’re the Future of Iraq project, and the Center for sure that the people are fed, that water is going to turn it over to the Iraqis. And we’re Strategic and International Studies, to name distributed, all the normal responsibilities going to be out within the year.’’ a few, had all considered exactly this prob- that go along with administering a situation On March 17 the United States, Britain, lem and suggested ways of removing the nox- like this.’’ and Spain announced that they would aban- ious leadership while retaining the ordinary Two days later Paul Wolfowitz appeared don their attempt to get a second Security troops. They had all warned strongly against before the House Budget Committee. He Council vote in favor of the war, and Presi- disbanding the Iraqi army. The Army War began working through his prepared state- dent Bush gave Saddam Hussein an ulti- College, for example, said in its report, ‘‘To ment about the Pentagon’s budget request matum: leave the country within forty-eight tear apart the Army in the war’s aftermath and then asked permission to ‘‘digress for a hours or suffer the consequences. On March could lead to the destruction of one of the moment’’ and respond to recent com- 19 the first bombs fell on Baghdad. only forces for unity within the society.’’ mentary, ‘‘some of it quite outlandish, about AFTERWARD ‘‘This is not something that was dreamed what our postwar requirements might be in On April 9 U.S. forces took Baghdad. On up by somebody at the last minute,’’ Walter Iraq.’’ Everyone knew he meant Shinseki’s April 14 the Pentagon announced that most Slocombe—who held Feith’s job, undersecre- remarks. of the fighting was over. On May 1 President tary of defense for policy, during the Clinton ‘‘I am reluctant to try to predict anything Bush declared that combat operations were Administration, and who is now a security about what the cost of a possible conflict in at an end. By then looting had gone on in adviser on Bremer’s team—told Peter Slevin, Iraq would be,’’ Wolfowitz said, ‘‘or what the Baghdad for several weeks. ‘‘When the of The Washington Post, last November. He possible cost of reconstructing and stabi- United States entered Baghdad on April 9, it said that he had discussed the plan with lizing that country afterwards might be.’’ entered a city largely undamaged by a care- Wolfowitz at least once and with Feith sev- This was more than reluctance—it was the fully executed military campaign,’’ Peter eral times, including the day before the Administration’s consistent policy before Galbraith, a former U.S. ambassador to Cro- order was given. ‘‘The critical point,’’ he told the war. ‘‘But some of the higher-end pre- atia, told a congressional committee in Slevin, ‘‘was that nobody argued that we dictions that we have been hearing recently, June. ‘‘However, in the three weeks fol- shouldn’t do this.’’ No one, that is, the Ad- such as the notion that it will take several lowing the U.S. takeover, unchecked looting ministration listened to. hundred thousand U.S. troops to provide sta- effectively gutted every important public in- Here is the hardest question: How could bility in post-Saddam Iraq, are wildly off the stitution in the city—with the notable ex- the Administration have thought that it was mark.’’ safe to proceed in blithe indifference to the This was as direct a rebuke of a military ception of the oil ministry.’’ On April 11, warnings of nearly everyone with oper- leader by his civilian superior as the United when asked why U.S. soldiers were not stop- ational experience in modern military occu- States had seen in fifty years. Wolfowitz of- ping the looting, Donald Rumsfeld said, pations? Saying that the Administration fered a variety of incidental reasons why his ‘‘Freedom’s untidy, and free people are free considered this a truly urgent ‘‘war of neces- views were so different from those he alluded to make mistakes and commit crimes and do sity’’ doesn’t explain the indifference. Even to: ‘‘I would expect that even countries like bad things. They’re also free to live their if it feared that Iraq might give terrorists France will have a strong interest in assist- lives and do wonderful things, and that’s fearsome weapons at any moment, it could ing Iraq’s reconstruction,’’ and ‘‘We can’t be what’s going to happen here.’’ still have thought more carefully about the sure that the Iraqi people will welcome us as This was a moment, as when he tore up the day after the war. World War II was a war of liberators . . . [but] I am reasonably certain TPFDD, that Rumsfeld crossed a line. His that they will greet us as liberators, and embrace of ‘‘uncertainty’’ became a reckless absolute necessity, and the United States that will help us to keep requirements evasion of responsibility. He had only dis- still found time for detailed occupation plan- down.’’ His fundamental point was this: ‘‘It’s dain for ‘‘predictions,’’ yes, and no one could ning. The President must have known that how- hard to conceive that it would take more have forecast every circumstance of postwar ever bright the scenarios, the reality of Iraq forces to provide stability in post-Saddam Baghdad. But virtually everyone who had eighteen months after the war would affect Iraq than it would take to conduct the war thought about the issue had warned about his re-election. The political risk was enor- itself and to secure the surrender of the risk of looting. U.S. soldiers could have mous and obvious. Administration officials Saddam’s security forces and his army. Hard prevented it—and would have, if so in- to imagine.’’ structed. must have believed not only that the war None of the government working groups The looting spread, destroying the infra- was necessary but also that a successful oc- that had seriously looked into the question structure that had survived the war and cre- cupation would not require any more fore- had simply ‘‘imagined’’ that occupying Iraq ating the expectation of future chaos. thought than they gave it. would be more difficult than defeating it. ‘‘There is this kind of magic moment, which It will be years before we fully understand They had presented years’ worth of experi- you can’t imagine until you see it,’’ an how intelligent people convinced themselves ence suggesting that this would be the cen- American civilian who was in Baghdad dur- of this. My guess is that three factors will be tral reality of the undertaking. Wolfowitz ei- ing the looting told me. ‘‘People are used to important parts of the explanation. One is the panache of Donald Rumsfeld. He ther didn’t notice this evidence or chose to someone being in charge, and when they re- disbelieve it. What David Halberstam said of alize no one is, the fabric rips.’’ was near the zenith of his influence as the Robert McNamara in The Best and the On May 6 the Administration announced war was planned. His emphasis on the vagar- Brightest is true of those at OSD as well: that Bremer would be the new U.S. adminis- ies of life was all the more appealing within they were brilliant, and they were fools. trator in Iraq. Two weeks into that job his circle because of his jauntiness and verve. But he was not careful about remem- TWO WEEKS BEFORE THE WAR Bremer disbanded the Iraqi army and other parts of the Baathist security structure. bering his practical obligations. Precisely At the beginning of March, Andrew Natsios If the failure to stop the looting was a because he could not foresee all hazards, he won a little-noticed but crucial battle. Be- major sin of omission, sending the Iraqi sol- should have been more zealous about avoid- cause the United States had not yet offi- diers home was, in the view of nearly every- ing the ones that were evident—the big and cially decided whether to go to war, Natsios one except those who made the decision, a obvious ones the rest of the government had not been able to persuade the Office of catastrophic error of commission. There tried to point out to him. Management and Budget to set aside the were two arguments for taking this step. A second is the triumphalism of the Ad- money that USAID would need for imme- First, the army had ‘‘already disbanded ministration. In the twenty-five years since diate postwar efforts in Iraq. The battle was itself,’’ as Douglas Feith put it to me—sol- Ronald Reagan’s rise, political conservatives the more intense because Natsios, unlike his diers had melted away, with their weapons. have changed position in a way they have counterparts at the State Department, was Second, the army had been an integral part not fully recognized. Reagan’s arrival both privately and publicly supportive of the of the Sunni-dominated Baathist security marked the end of a half century of Demo- case for war. Just before combat he was able structure. Leaving it intact would be the crat-dominated government in Washington. to arrange an emergency $200 million grant wrong symbol for the new Iraq—especially Yes, there has been one Democratic Presi- from USAID to the World Food Programme. for the Shiites, whom the army had op- dent since Reagan, and eventually there will This money could be used to buy food imme- pressed. be others. But as a rule the Republicans are diately for Iraqi relief operations—and it ‘‘These actions are part of a robust cam- now in command. Older Republicans—those helped to ensure that there were no postwar paign to show the Iraqi people that the Sad- who came of age in the 1960s and 1970s, those food shortages. dam regime is gone, and will never return,’’ who are now in power in the Administra- ONE WEEK BEFORE THE WAR a statement from Bremer’s office said. tion—have not fully adjusted to this reality. On March 13 humanitarian organizations The case against wholesale dissolution of They still feel like embattled insurgents, as had gathered at USAID headquarters for the army, rather than a selective purge at if the liberals were in the driver’s seat. They

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.053 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E151 recognize their electoral strength but feel TRIBUTE TO MARTHA LAFFER Mann. I am proud to recognize Lon in the that in the battle of ideology their main ZIEGLER Congress for his invaluable contributions and task is to puncture fatuous liberal ideas. service to his profession, his family, his state The consequence is that Republicans are less used to exposing their own ideas to chal- HON. TOM LANTOS and this nation. lenges than they should be. Today’s liberals OF CALIFORNIA A third generation farmer, Mr. Mann re- know there is a challenge to every aspect of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turned from World War II to continue in the their world view. All they have to do is turn Tuesday, February 10, 2004 family tradition as a cotton producer and gin- on the radio. Today’s conservatives are more ner as a partner at McClendon Mann & Felton likely to think that any contrary ideas are Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I invite my col- Gin Company in Marianna, AR. He was a leftovers from the tired 1960s, much as lib- leagues to join me today in paying tribute to leader in the revitalization of the National Cot- erals of the Kennedy era thought that con- Martha Laffer Ziegler who passed away during ton Council of America and served as its servatives were in thrall to Herbert Hoover. the congressional recess. Martha served as president as he advocated for America’s cot- In addition, the conservatives’ under- the District Representative in my congres- ton farmers. He also served as president of standing of modem history makes them sional office from 1981 until 1985, but her the Mid-South Ginners Council and the Agri- think that their instincts are likely to be public service long predated our association, cultural Council of Arkansas, as a trustee of right and that their critics will be proved and she continued to work for the community wrong. Europeans scorned Ronald Reagan, the National Cotton Council’s Cotton Founda- after she moved on to the private sector. and the United Nations feared him, but in tion and was rightfully inducted into the Arkan- the end the Soviet Union was gone. So for Martha Ziegler played an active role in the political life of San Mateo County for nearly sas Agricultural Hall of Fame. Mr. Mann was reasons of personal, political, and intellec- the recipient of numerous awards including the tual history, it is understandable that mem- four decades beginning in the 1960s. She de- bers of this Administration could proceed veloped her political skills working to elect University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension down one path in defiance of mounting evi- Governor Edmund G. ‘‘Pat’’ Brown in 1958 Service ‘‘Cotton Achievement’’ award, the dence of its perils. The Democrats had simi- and 1962. She fought for civil rights, women’s Harry Baker Award from the National Cotton lar destructive self-confidence in the 1960s, rights, and the environment, and was an advo- Council and the Horace Hayden Cotton Ginner when they did their most grandiose Great cate against the Vietnam war. With a reputa- of the Year Award in 2000. Society thinking. tion as a skilled political organizer, she di- Mr. Mann’s efforts extended beyond the cot- The third factor is the nature of the Presi- rected numerous campaigns in San Mateo ton fields into the community as Chairman of dent himself. Leadership is always a balance the Board of Methodist Hospital and Health between making large choices and being County, including the McGovern presidential aware of details. George W. Bush has an ob- campaign in 1972. Systems in Memphis, TN, and president of the vious preference for large choices. This gave In 1980, Martha joined me in my first cam- Marianna-Lee County School Board. him his chance for greatness after the Sep- paign for Congress. In that year of the Reagan Lon Mann was a faithful and dedicated hus- tember 11 attacks. But his lack of curiosity landslide, Mr. Speaker, I was the only Demo- band to his wife, June, a loving father to about significant details may be his fatal cratic challenger to defeat an un-indicted Re- daughters June, Louise and Burkley and son weakness. When the decisions of the past publican incumbent. I am grateful for Martha’s William, and the proud grandfather of six eighteen months are assessed and judged, the help in that effort. After my election, I asked grandchildren. Throughout his life, he was Administration will be found wanting for its Martha to be my District Representative in my dedicated to serving his fellow citizens as a carelessness. Because of warnings it chose to ignore, it squandered American prestige, for- office in San Mateo, California. We worked to- leader in both his profession and his commu- tune, and lives. gether for four years, until she took a position nity, and he deserves our respect and grati- in the private sector. She continued to play an tude for his priceless contributions. I will be f active political roll, serving as a member of the forever honored by our friendship. PAYING TRIBUTE TO ORVILLE Northern California Steering Committee for the On behalf of the Congress, I extend sym- ROUCH Gore presidential campaign in 1988. She also pathies to Lon’s family, and gratitude for all he assisted in fund raising for the Clinton-Gore did. HON. SCOTT McINNIS campaigns in 1992 and 1996. f OF COLORADO Mr. Speaker, Martha Laffer was born in TRIBUTE TO JAY LAWHON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jewell, Kansas, in 1926. She received a de- gree in economics from the University of Kan- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 sas in 1947 and on June 17, 1948, married HON. MARION BERRY Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with a Robert Boynton Ziegler. They settled in the OF ARKANSAS heavy heart that I rise before you today to pay Bay Area, where her husband established a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tribute to a remarkable man from my district. medical practice, and in 1957 they moved to Orville Rouch of Pueblo, Colorado, died re- Redwood City. Martha and Robert Ziegler Tuesday, February 10, 2004 cently at the age of eighty-five. Orville was a were the parents of four children—Robert, Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to patriot, a devoted family man and a father who Nancy, David and Daniel. pay tribute to a great Arkansan and an out- will be missed by many in the community. I In addition to her extensive community and standing citizen. I am proud to recognize Jay think it appropriate that we remember his life political service, Martha was a devoted wife Lawhon in the Congress for his invaluable here today. and mother, lover of animals, and wonderful contributions and service to his community, his After serving his nation in the Army during cook and gardener, with a passion for music family, his state and this nation. World War II, Orville returned to the states and literature. She was a singer, first with the Mr. Lawhon was born on a small farm near and enrolled in the San Francisco College of West Bay Opera Company and later with the Harrison in northwest Arkansas in 1919. After Mortuary Science. He soon joined the family California Bach Society, which she co-founded serving in the Navy in World War II, Mr. business started by his parents, the Rouch in 1974 with music director Edwin Flath. Lawhon moved to southeast Arkansas to be- Funeral Home, which has served the commu- Mr. Speaker, in 1990, Martha and Bob Zie- come a vocational agriculture teacher. He nity for over eighty years. Orville was an ac- gler moved from Redwood City to served as principal of McCrory High School tive member of the Pueblo Charter Lions Club, Heraldsburg, California, where they were before beginning his career in the seed indus- Pueblo Masonic Lodge 17, and the First winegrowers and active in the community for try. Mr. Lawhon opened Lawhon Farm Supply United Methodist Church. Orville cherished the over a decade. Martha passed away in in the late 1950’s, and passed the thriving relationships he established in the civic com- Heraldsburg last December. I invite my col- business to his son, Noal, in 1975 in order to munity. He will be forever remembered for his leagues to join me in paying tribute to her. begin his work as a missionary. dedication to his business and community, f As lay leader in McCrory’s Methodist and most of all, Orville will be remembered as TRIBUTE TO LON MANN Church and founder of the World Christian Re- a loving father to his two sons. lief Fund, Mr. Lawhon made several humani- Mr. Speaker, it is an honor to rise before tarian trips to Bangladesh when floods and this body of Congress to pay tribute to the life HON. MARION BERRY famine struck in the 1970’s. He later traveled OF ARKANSAS of Orville Rouch. Orville was remarkable man to Haiti to help build a hospital and continued IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who served the Pueblo community and State to visit the country to teach Haitians to drill of Colorado selflessly. My heart goes out to Tuesday, February 10, 2004 and repair wells for water and plant trees. his family during this difficult time of bereave- Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Jay Lawhon was a faithful and dedicated ment. honor one of Arkansas’ finest citizens, Lon husband to his wife, Lillian, a loving father to

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.055 E10PT1 E152 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 Noal and the proud grandfather of two grand- PAYING TRIBUTE TO LUCY Thank you for joining as we celebrate the children and one great-granddaughter. MEYRING 46th Annual Grammy Awards. Throughout his life, he was dedicated to serv- Tonight, you’ve seen some remarkable per- formances that span the spectrum of re- ing his fellow citizens as a leader in both his HON. SCOTT McINNIS corded music, with musical icons joining profession and his community, and he de- OF COLORADO wonderfully talented young artists to dem- serves our respect and gratitude for his price- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES onstrate that we are all one family. But our family extends beyond the bound- less contributions. I will be forever honored by Tuesday, February 10, 2004 his friendship. aries of the artists nominated tonight for Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with great Grammy Awards. You, the music fans, are On behalf of the Congress, I extend sym- pride that I rise today to pay tribute to the his- the most important part of our family for pathies to Jay’s family, and gratitude for all he toric achievement of a remarkable woman whom all of us in this creative community did to make the world a better place. give our all. We are inspired to create and from my home state. Lucy Meyring of North make our music so that you can hear and Park, Colorado was recently chosen as the enjoy it. After all, music uplifts the very fab- f next president of the Colorado Cattleman’s ric of our daily lives. Association. What makes this more special is As in all families, there are times when we HONORING RETIRING COUNCIL the fact that the Cattleman’s association is the must all come together as one. Tonight is MEMBER DORIS RODRIQUEZ oldest in the country and Lucy will become its one of those times. first female president. I join with my col- Many of our music family have arrived leagues to congratulate Lucy on this remark- here on this Grammy stage because they had HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK the benefit of exposure to music and the arts able achievement. in school. Proposals for dramatic cuts in OF CALIFORNIA Lucy has spent her entire life as a funding for the arts mean that our children cattlewoman in Colorado, and has a deep love will be denied that vital opportunity. We IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of ranching and the cattle industry. As the cannot sit idly by and allow this to happen. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 newest leader of the Colorado Cattleman’s As- If our leaders spend our resources to search sociation, Lucy hopes to educate our youth on for something, it ought to be for tools of Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker. I rise today to pay the importance of agriculture and the origin of mass education and cultural enlightenment tribute to Council Member Doris Rodriquez, such staples as milk and meat. While Lucy in our nation. The Recording Academy recognizes your who is retiring from the Hayward City Council recognizes that she will have an extensive hunger and passion for music. We also rep- at the end of her term on April 6, 2004. Ms. travel schedule over the next year, she be- resent the music-makers and many others Rodriquez will leave a legacy of 27 years of lieves that doing so will provide a unified voice involved in the creative process whose liveli- dedicated service to the city of Hayward, Cali- for all cattlemen throughout Colorado. hood depends on your support. And tonight fornia. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor to rise before we are asking for that support. this body of Congress to pay tribute to the We have spent the past year researching Her initial service was on the City of Hay- achievements of Lucy Meyring. Throughout and examining the complex issues created by ward Citizens Advisory Commission from 1977 the digital world and this evening, we are an- her life, Lucy has been a devoted cattlewoman nouncing a national program designed to to 1984, followed by an appointment to the and earned the respect and admiration of her city’s Planning Commission, where she served educate and inform music lovers everywhere colleagues, friends and fellow citizens. It is a about the serious issues and alternatives sur- a seven-year stint. Rodriquez was first ap- great honor to rise before this body of Con- rounding digital downloading of music. We pointed to the City Council in 1991 and was gress to congratulate Lucy on her achieve- encourage you to visit our new Web site, elected in 1992 and has served consecutive ments. I wish her all the best throughout her What’s The Download.com, and learn about four-year terms. tenure. legal downloading and the ethical choices you can make about how you get your The city of Hayward has benefited from f music. Rodriquez’s tireless contributions as a city CONGRATULATING MR. PORTNOW The coming months and years will be a council liaison on the Airport Committee, Com- AND THE RECORDING ACADEMY critical time for all of us who bring you the mercial Center Improvement Committee, Citi- music. Our industry will emerge from what zens Advisory Commission, Downtown Revi- has been a perfect storm. And we will re- talization Committee, Public Agencies Com- HON. STENY H. HOYER invent and renew that which requires change, providing more choices and options mittee and the Route 92/880 Interchange Citi- OF MARYLAND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to discover and enjoy music. zens Advisory Committee. Serving as the Just as you would respond to one of your council’s liaison, Rodriquez has been the city’s Tuesday, February 10, 2004 family members seeking your help, we ask vital link to the community. She has garnered Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to you to help us keep music strong and alive for this and for generations to come. You can wide-ranging respect with all segments of the share remarks made by Recording Academy community. Her intellect, her sound judgment, be sure that we will continue to do our part; President Neil Portnow at the 46th Annual we’re counting on you to please do yours. her calming personality, her sincere interest in Grammy Awards on February 8th, 2003. Mr. f Hayward issues and its citizens, and her abil- Portnow worked on behalf to the Recording ity to work with myriad organizations have Academy in a variety of volunteer leadership A TRIBUTE TO JUDGE LENARD D. benefited Hayward immeasurably. roles for over 20 years before being selected LOUIE Rodriguez is an integral part of Hayward’s as President by the Board of Trustees in Sep- fabric. She is a member of numerous organi- tember of 2002. HON. TOM LANTOS zations. Her name is not merely listed on the In his first two years as President of the OF CALIFORNIA membership rosters but she is intricately in- Academy, Mr. Portnow has used his creative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES talents in marketplace development and his volved in the heart of the organizations to Tuesday, February 10, 2004 make a positive contribution to Hayward. many years in the entertainment industry to These organizations, who continue to benefit advocate on behalf of the Music and Arts Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to from Rodriquez’s experience and commitment, community, especially in the area of Music pay tribute to an extraordinary man and an ex- include Friends of the Hayward Library, Hay- Education funding. cellent judge who has dedicated his life to the I know I am joined by my colleagues in the ward Area Planning Association, Hispanic people of San Francisco. Judge Lenard D. House of Representatives in congratulating Louie currently presides in the San Francisco Elected Local Officials, Southgate Home Own- Mr. Portnow and the Recording Academy on Superior Court. ers Association, League of Women Voters, their success in fostering, supporting and pro- Born in San Francisco, Judge Louie at- and Sun Gallery. moting a myriad of music-based education tended both the University of San Francisco On March 19, 2004, the City of Hayward will and community programs throughout the and Hastings School of Law. Upon graduation, host a farewell dinner to thank Council Mem- country. he passed the bar and began his public serv- ber Doris Rodriguez for her tireless efforts on To follow are the remarks presented by Neil ice career as a Deputy District Attorney for the behalf of Hayward and its citizens. I join the Portnow, President, Recording Academy, on City and County of San Francisco. During the fine citizens of the city to thank Doris for a job February 8th, 2004 on the occasion of the sixteen years that Judge Louie was a pros- well done. 46th Annual Grammy Awards: ecutor he proudly points out that he ‘‘handled

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.058 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E153 everything from the most Mickey Mouse of TRIBUTE TO SAMUEL KONECNY worldwide, as well as for his current work as cases to the heaviest of homicides,’’ experi- a pediatrician for Alameda County Health ences that would later serve him well when he HON. MARION BERRY Services, where he reaches out to poor chil- became a Judge. OF ARKANSAS dren in East Bay communities and children being held at Juvenile Hall in San Leandro, Mr. Speaker, after sixteen years of tireless IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public service as a prosecutor for the City and California. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 County of San Francisco, Lenard Louie was He has been the commissioner of public appointed to a seat on the San Francisco Mu- Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to health in Alameda County for more than four nicipal Court by then Governor Deukmejian. pay tribute to a great Arkansan and an out- years. A native of India, Dr. Eapen graduated from After serving admirably on that bench for three standing citizen; I am proud to recognize Sam- the Tivandrum Medical College at Kerala Uni- years, Governor Deukmejian then appointed uel Konecny in the Congress. His recent death versity and traveled to Africa, where he Judge Louie to a seat on the San Francisco was a great loss to his community, his family, his state and this nation. worked as the director of the pediatric unit in Superior Court, a position he continues to hold Agha Kahn Hospital in Tanzania. He also to this day. At the Superior Court Judge Louie As a third-generation farmer and a member of the Arkansas State Plant Board, he was worked and taught in Nigeria. utilizes a tough but fair approach, described While he was working in a Nigerian hospital, proud of his efforts to preserve the Grand by many as politely banging heads, in han- Dr. Eapen saw hundreds of children die from Prairie. His desire to conserve was highlighted dling cases. In fact, he is often described as diseases because of malnourishment. Since the Emperor of Settlements for his ability to when he allocated 53 acres of virgin prairie to then, he has dedicated his career to pediatric squeeze both sides into agreement. the Department of Arkansas Heritage and re- services for the underprivileged. He has also In addition to his public service in the judi- ceived the Arkansas Conservationist of the served as a United Nations’ health adviser in cial system, Judge Louie is an active partici- Year award. the Philippines. pant in the Chinese American community. He Mr. Konecny served his country with distinc- Dr. Eapen earned a master’s degree in pub- is a past National President of the Chinese tion as a retired captain in the Arkansas Na- lic health in 1984 from the University of Cali- American Alliance, a member of the Board of tional Guard and served as company com- fornia, Berkeley. He completed a second resi- the Chinese Times Newspaper Association mander for the local unit. He and his unit were dency in 1992 from Stanford University, which and an active member of the Louise Fong deployed throughout the Central High School allowed him to practice in the United States. Kwong Family Association. crisis and helped break the stranglehold of He has been honored by Stanford Medical segregation when he escorted ‘‘The Little Mr. Speaker, I urge all of my colleagues to School as one of the 40 outstanding Stanford Rock Nine’’ safely to school. join me in paying tribute to Judge Lenard D. Medical alumni from among 7000 graduates of An avid churchgoer, Mr. Konecny was a Louie for his tireless hard work and exemplary the last sixty years. member of Holy Rosary Catholic Church in Dr. Eapen has embraced Public Health service to the people of San Francisco and Stuttgart. He was a 4th Degree Knights of Co- Services in an explicit attempt to foster more extending our best wishes to his wife Lily, his lumbus and helped initiate the Slovak Oyster appropriate and effective policies and prac- daughters and his grandchildren. Supper. tices to benefit poor, underserved patients. He Maybe most importantly, Mr. Konecny was a devotes his time and energy to working in the f man of great generosity both with his money county health system to improve public health. PAYING TRIBUTE TO GEOFFREY and his time. He was instrumental in per- After receiving his award, Dr. Eapen told the ZARAGOZA suading Riceland Foods and Producers Rice Medical Board of California that epidemics Mill to encourage members to donate rice to have no borders, and he also spoke against the food program to feed the hungry. He spent the potential closure of clinics in Alameda HON. SCOTT McINNIS many hours of his life helping people in need County, California, because of costs. OF COLORADO and performed many acts of charity through- Dr. Eapen epitomizes the essence of the award he received from the Medical Board. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES out his church and community. A devout public servant, he served as a is indeed dedicated to improving public health Tuesday, February 10, 2004 supporter and legislative liaison to former Gov- care and is working daily to usher in real ernors Bill Clinton and Jim Guy Tucker and changes in the lives of people. To quote Dr. Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with a Eapen: ‘‘There’s so much to be done.’’ heavy heart that I rise before you today to pay was a long-time sergeant at arms for the Ar- f tribute to the short but inspiring life of a citizen kansas State Senate. Sam Konecny was a from my district. Geoffrey Zaragoza from La man of honor, religion and compassion. On TRIBUTE TO AMBASSADOR Jara, Colorado passed away recently at the behalf of the Congress, I extend sympathies to WARREN ZIMMERMANN young age of nineteen. Geoffrey was a be- his family, and gratitude for all he did to make loved son, friend and sportsman who will be the world a better place. HON. STENY H. HOYER missed by all and I think it is appropriate that f OF MARYLAND we take the time to recognize his remarkable HONORING DR. JACOB EAPEN, RE- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES young life here today. CIPIENT OF MEDICAL BOARD OF Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Geoffrey will be remembered for his love of CALIFORNIA’S AWARD FOR OUT- Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, last week a the outdoors. He always looked forward to STANDING SERVICE AS A CALI- prominent thinker and actor in American for- casting his line upon the many fishing spots FORNIA PHYSICIAN eign policy passed away. Ambassador Warren throughout the state. Geoffrey was also an ac- Zimmermann died on Tuesday, February 3, complished track athlete whose speed mes- HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK from pancreatic cancer. He was a career for- merized the crowds cheering on the Alamosa OF CALIFORNIA eign service officer, who later taught at both track and cross-country teams. Those in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Johns Hopkins and Columbia universities. community who knew Geoffrey will remember I had the honor and privilege of working with Tuesday, February 10, 2004 his devotion to always do his very best. He Ambassador Zimmermann in the late 1980s will certainly remain an inspiration to the entire Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to and early 1990s. Our collaboration began La Jara community. honor Jacob Eapen, M.D, a Frerfront, Cali- when he was chosen to represent the United Mr. Speaker, it is an honor to rise before fornia pediatrician, who is the recipient of the States at the Vienna Follow-Up Meeting of the this body of Congress and this nation to pay first Physician Recognition Award from the Conference on Security and Cooperation in tribute to the life of Geoffrey Zaragoza. Geof- Medical Board of California. The California Europe. At the time, I was Chairman of the frey was a beloved young man who made a Medical Board, which licenses physicians Helsinki Commission. Under his leadership, tremendous impact on his community in his throughout the State, created a Physician State Department officers and Commission short life. He was a loving son, a devoted fish- Recognition Task Force last year to begin an staff together formed the basis of the U.S. del- erman, track athlete and a loyal friend to annual program to recognize physicians for egation. Ambassador Zimmermann recognized many. The La Jara community and State of outstanding service. the talent, expertise and political support of- Colorado will truly miss him. My heart goes On January 30, 2004, Dr. Eapen received fered by the Commission and ensured that bu- out to Geoffrey’s loved ones in this difficult the award in recognition of his career devoted reaucratic hurdles would not jeopardize its in- time of bereavement. to improving public health for the underserved tegration and effectiveness.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K10FE8.017 E10PT1 E154 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 Warren Zimmermann also agreed essen- honor and distinction for decades. His profes- The 70th Infantry Division fought in the Al- tially with Commission views about being bold sional legacy is marked by a continual striving sace/Lorraine province of France for 86 con- on human rights, on naming the names of po- for freedom, democracy and human rights, secutive days during World War II. The divi- litical prisoners and divided families as well as and today there are innumerable people in Eu- sion successfully liberated 58 towns before the names of the countries whose govern- rope and elsewhere who live freer, happier culminating their combat by breaching the ments were denying them and many others lives because of his life’s work. Siegfried Line at Saarbrucken, Germany. Dur- their basic human rights. Ambassador Zim- I want to extend my sincerest condolences ing the operation they suffered 835 killed in mermann challenged the Soviets and their to Ambassador Zimmermann’s wife, Teeny, action, 2,713 wounded, and lost 397 soldiers Warsaw Pact allies to uphold their Helsinki his entire family, many friends and admiring as prisoners of war. An additional 54 of their Final Act commitments. This happened during colleagues. number were classified as missing in action. the critical first years that Gorbachev was in f Since the war, veterans of the division have power in Moscow, and the Vienna meeting returned many times, establishing lasting helped to give real meaning to words like TRIBUTE TO GEORGE AND MARY friendships among the people they helped to glasnost and perestroika by insisting, before it GLEASON liberate. In return, the people of France have would conclude, on actual implementation of erected solemn monuments to their liberators existing commitments along with more specific HON. SCOTT McINNIS and routinely decorate the graves of Ameri- and forward-looking new human rights com- OF COLORADO cans buried in nearby military cemeteries. mitments. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As preparations commence to observe the To his credit, and with potential implications 60th anniversary of the June 6, 1944 invasion Tuesday, February 10, 2004 for his, career, Ambassador Zimmermann was at Normandy, I would like to specifically recog- prepared to remain in Vienna until the Soviets Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I am privileged nize three individuals whose consistent hospi- resolved long-standing human rights cases. to pay tribute today to two phenomenal indi- tality is demonstrative of the goodwill that con- During the course of the meeting, over 600 of viduals from my district who have devoted tinues to be shared between many French citi- the 750 Soviet political prisoners listed as over a half century to each other and to their zens and the American veterans who fought such by the United States were freed, includ- fellow citizens. George and Mary Gleason of for their liberation. ing all Helsinki monitors. The number of bilat- Aspen, Colorado, recently marked 60 years of Mr. Leon Dietsch, Mayor of Spicheren, has eral family reunification cases was reduced marriage. As they, their family, and friends cel- hosted numerous receptions during recent from 150 to about 10, and foreign radio broad- ebrate this union, I would like to take this time years to honor visiting Americans. Mr. Dietsch cast jamming ended. While other, larger fac- to honor the Gleasons and their dedication to was particularly instrumental in establishing a tors were, of course, at play, Warren Zimmer- each other before this body of Congress and memorial on Spicheren Heights, the site of mann, the U.S. Delegation and the friends and this nation. one of the bloodiest battles in the history of allies of the United States meeting in Vienna George and Mary first met in 1942. As na- the 70th Infantry Division. from 1986 to 1989 helped in no small way to tive Coloradans, they attended college in state I also wish to honor Mr. Edwin Neis, curator bring an end to the Cold War and the dec- and exchanged their vows there as well. Early of the Museum of History and Military at ades-long, artificial division of Europe. in their marriage, the Gleason’s spent time Freyming-Merlebach, France. The museum Warren Zimmermann not only engaged his away from the state during World War II due maintains numerous displays depicting Amer- fellow diplomats. He also developed close to George’s career as an aerospace engineer. ican operations during the battle to liberate the contacts with Soviet human rights activists As dedicated skiers, Aspen was a favorite area in World War II. Mr. Neis has gone to during his postings at the U.S. Embassy in destination for them and they eventually pur- great efforts to honor American soldiers and Moscow which he maintained through the Vi- chased a cabin there. In the 1980s they be- make all American visitors feel welcome when enna meeting. For his efforts on behalf of re- came permanent residents. The Gleason were they visit. fuseniks, he was awarded the Anatoly able to pass along the love of this town to Finally, I would like to pay tribute to the fam- Sharansky Freedom Award by the Union of their children, many of whom still call Aspen ily of Thomas Kirsch of Spicheren. The Kirsch Councils for Soviet Jews. home. The Gleasons have truly become pillars family has welcomed American veterans into After the Vienna meeting ended in 1989, he in this picturesque mountain town, maintaining their homes as guests, treating visitors to went on to serve as the United States Ambas- their love of skiing and organizing outdoors home cooked meals and rich cultural activities. sador to Yugoslavia. In that capacity, he would trips for the senior community. Their friendship to visiting Americans contrib- again work with the Commission at a decisive Mr. Speaker, George and Mary Gleason utes greatly to the fostering of good French/ time, namely the beginning of the violent dis- have maintained their commitment to each American relations. integration of the Yugoslav federation. The other and to their community for 60 years. Mr. Speaker, in these times of global inse- Helsinki principles, which we had just de- Their enthusiasm for life and for the outdoors curities, it is refreshing to observe that, in spite fended in Vienna, were about to witness their is infectious for all who they encounter. Their of political and cultural differences, the people most severe violations primarily at the direc- love for each other, their children, and grand- of the United States and France can still tion of Slobodan Milosevic. Ambassador Zim- children knows no bounds. I am honored to warmly reach out and embrace each other in mermann knew well the complexities of the pay tribute to the anniversary of their vows friendship and respect. Balkans, but, like the Commission, he also and to the abiding love the Gleasons have for f knew that human rights violations—in this each other. I wish them many more years in HONORING MAKER’S MARK DIS- case taking the form of ethnic cleansing— matrimonial bliss. Happy 60th wedding anni- TILLERY FOR 50TH ANNIVER- could not be explained and accepted as the versary! SARY OF FIRST BATCH historical inevitability that the region’s nation- f alist propagandists would want us to believe. Warren Zimmermann’s approach to U.S. for- HONORING FRENCH WORLD WAR II HON. RON LEWIS OF KENTUCKY eign policy embraced the broader, comprehen- VETERAN OUTREACH AMBAS- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive view of security that was relevant to the SADORS Cold War, to the Balkan conflicts and to our Tuesday, February 10, 2004 world today. In 1986, he noted the vital con- HON. RON LEWIS Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I rise nection between a state’s approach to human OF KENTUCKY today to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the rights domestically and its conduct internation- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES first batch of whisky being barreled at the ally. ‘‘If a state is pathologically distrustful of Maker’s Mark Distillery in Loretto, Kentucky. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 its own citizens,’’ he asked, ‘‘is it not prone to As you may be aware, bourbon whisky is a certain paranoia in its foreign policy? If a Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I rise ‘‘America’s native spirit.’’ It was recognized by state does not earn the trust of its own citi- today to honor three French citizens who, in a 1964 Act of Congress as a ‘‘Distinctive prod- zens, should it have the confidence of other spite of prevailing politics, have graciously uct of the United States.’’ This designation has states? If a state is a threat to its own people, opened their communities and homes to vis- brought prestige and respect to this fine whis- can it fail to present a potential threat to peo- iting World War II veterans as part of a per- ky. However, over the years, the Maker’s Mark ples beyond its borders?’’ son-to-person outreach leading up to the 60th brand has brought even more. Mr. Speaker, Warren Zimmermann was an anniversary observance of the Normandy inva- Maker’s Mark was created in 1953 by Bill American patriot who served this Nation with sion. Samuels, Sr. Dissatisfied with the traditional

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.064 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E155 taste of bourbon, he forsook his family’s gen- as president of both the Arkansas Bar Asso- openness, and complete respect for human erations-old bourbon recipe and created a new ciation and Arkansas Bankers’ Association. rights in Tunisia. Over the last two decades, one. By substituting red winter wheat for the He served as chair to Arkansas’ Sesqui- Tunisia has shown tremendous development, typical bourbon flavoring grain of rye, he cre- centennial Commission in 1985, appointed by reducing poverty, bolstering educational stand- ated a bourbon that was gentler on the palate, then-Governor Bill Clinton. In 2003 he was in- ards, and strengthening economic growth. yet remained full-flavored. This not only cre- ducted into the Walton School of Business, Ar- Tunisia’s flourishing economy offers great ated a whisky with a surprisingly smooth fin- kansas Business Hall of Fame and a faculty hope for African and Middle Eastern countries, ish, it created a whole new class of bourbon: fund was soon established at the University of while she also continues to play an increas- premium bourbon. Today, every other pre- Arkansas Sam M. Walton College of Business ingly important role in the politics of the inter- mium bourbon on the market owes its exist- in honor of Mr. Ramsay and his wife. national community. One of Tunisia’s most ence to that first batch of Maker’s Mark that Mr. Ramsay was a role model for us all. A valuable assets has been its continued willing- went into the barrel in 1954. man who worked hard and did his best to give ness to support a Middle East peace process. Maker’s Mark is still handcrafted every step back to his community more then he took from Despite being surrounded by nations engulfed of the way at the same distillery, which is the it. On behalf of the Congress, I extend sym- in political turmoil, Tunisia continues to take world’s oldest working bourbon distillery in pathies to Louis’ family, and gratitude for all an active role in combating international un- continuous operation and has been des- he did to make the world a better place. rest. ignated a National Historic Landmark. Each f Mr. Speaker, I hope my colleagues will join bottle is hand-dipped in its distinctive signature me in recognizing President Ben Ali during his PAYING TRIBUTE TO DOROTHY red sealing wax, symbolizing the brand’s visit as a critical figure in the enhancement of FAUGHT handcrafted nature. No wonder it has become positive global relations with the Middle East. the top-selling bourbon in the state of Ken- f tucky, the number one call brand bourbon in HON. SCOTT McINNIS New York City, and one of the few brands of OF COLORADO TRIBUTE TO STEWARD E. JESSUP bourbon that continues to grow in a declining IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES product category. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 HON. MARION BERRY Maker’s Mark has brought tremendous eco- Mr. McINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I rise before this OF ARKANSAS nomic benefits to the State of Kentucky, not body of Congress and this nation today to pay IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES only by providing a steady source of employ- tribute to a remarkable woman from my dis- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 ment for Kentucky residents, but also through trict. Dorothy Faught of Cortez, Colorado just Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to regular contributions to local and national celebrated her 80th birthday. As her family pay tribute to a great Arkansan, an out- charities. Maker’s Mark also is a key destina- and friends mark the occasion, I would like to standing citizen, an accomplished farmer and tion on the Bourbon Heritage Trail, which honor Dorothy here today. brings thousands of visitors to our State annu- Dorothy Faught has spent decades caring a World War II Veteran; I am proud to recog- ally. for others in her career as a nurse. In fact, nize Stewart E. Jessup in the Congress. Mr. Jessup was a third generation rice While the Maker’s Mark folks are committed Dorothy has been working in the healing pro- grower who, with his wife and sons, farmed to making fine bourbon, they’re also pas- fession since 1945, having started by treating approximately 3,000 acres of rice, soybeans, sionate about helping to ensure that their soldiers returning from World War II. Dorothy wheat and milo at their farm at Lodge’s Cor- product is enjoyed responsibly. That’s why has spent her first 30 years as the head nurse ner, Arkansas. He also served his country with they and other distillers have joined forces to in the intensive care units in Detroit, Michigan. honor in World War II as a first lieutenant nav- invest millions of dollars in the Century Coun- She went on to continue her career as the Di- igator aboard B–29’s in the Pacific theater. cil, a national not-for-profit group dedicated to rector of Nursing at the Cortez hospital. Doro- When Mr. Jessup wasn’t tending to his farm reducing drunk driving and underage drinking. thy continues her career to this day, working or serving his country, he spent his time re- For all of these accomplishments, the men at Southwest Home Health. Her love and storing antique tractors and engines—a pains- and women at Maker’s Mark deserve our ut- knowledge of nursing has won the praise from taking art that demonstrated his extreme focus most respect and our heartfelt congratulations. her colleagues and patients. Dorothy has and deep patience. f passed down her enthusiasm for the profes- He served his community loyally as a mem- sion to her two daughters and serves as a role TRIBUTE TO LOUIS RAMSAY ber of the Arkansas State Water Code Study model to others serving in health care. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to give praise to Commission, Arkansas Soybean Promotion HON. MARION BERRY Dorothy’s remarkable career. Dorothy serves Board, Farmers Home Administration—Arkan- OF ARKANSAS as an inspiration to the Cortez community, es- sas Advisory Board, Stuttgart Grain Drying IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pecially her patients. I am truly honored to rec- Cooperative board of directors, Arkansas County ASCS Committee, president of the Ar- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 ognize her here today. I congratulate Dorothy for her success and thank her for her service. kansas County Farm Bureau, and chairman of Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Happy 80th birthday! the DeWitt School Board. pay tribute to a great Arkansan and an out- Mr. Jessup was an Arkansan by choice, a standing citizen; I am proud to recognize Louis f veteran by duty and a farmer by nature. On Ramsay in the Congress. His recent death WELCOMING TUNISIAN PRESIDENT behalf of the Congress, I extend sympathies to was a great loss to his community, his family, BEN ALI TO THE UNITED STATES his family, and gratitude for all he did to make his state and this nation. the world a better place. Born, raised and educated in Fordyce, Ar- HON. MARK STEVEN KIRK f kansas, Mr. Ramsay left his home town to OF ILLINOIS play quarterback for the Razorback football HONORING COACH GLENN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES team at the University of Arkansas at Fayette- ROBINSON ville. After earning a pre-law degree from the Tuesday, February 10, 2004 university, Mr. Ramsay served as a pilot in the Mr. KIRK. Mr. Speaker, for nearly 50 years, HON. JOSEPH R. PITTS U.S. Army Air Corps in Europe in WWII where the Republic of Tunisia has thrived as an inde- OF PENNSYLVANIA he was awarded the Air Medal with four Oak pendent, prosperous nation in a region often IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Leaf Clusters. He was discharged from the synonymous with instability. Tunisia’s political, U.S. Air Force Reserve as a Major. social, and economic success can be partially Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Mr. Ramsay lived his life serving his com- attributed to the continued positive leadership Mr. PITTS. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to munity in every capacity imaginable. He of His Excellency President Zine El Abidine offer this statement of recognition for Glenn worked at the law firm baring his name, Ben Ali. I would like to join my colleagues in Robinson, the men’s basketball head coach Ramsay, Bridgforth, Harrelson & Starling, and welcoming President Ben Ali to the United for Franklin and Marshall College. was Chairman of the Executive Committee States and to Washington, D.C. on February Coach Robinson is a hometown hero for us and Emeritus Director of Simmons First Na- 17th. here in Lancaster. He has passed Illinois tional Corp. He was the only person in Arkan- President Ben Ali has worked tirelessly to Wesleyan’s coaching legend, Dennie Bridges, sas history to have been elected and served ensure a free society, greater democratic to become the all-time winningest coach in

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.067 E10PT1 E156 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 NCAA Division III men’s basketball with 667 with 13–11 season record, the team’s most ice to our state and great contribution to our wins. wins for a Franklin and Marshall men’s basket- environment. Lewis Shaw is retiring as Deputy Coaching more than 900 games for the Dip- ball team since its 13–6 showing in 1959. Commissioner of the South Carolina Depart- lomats, Coach Robinson has compiled a his- In 1976, Coach Robinson set the school win ment of Health and Environmental Control toric record. He has won more games than record with a 17–8 record, erasing the 16 win (DHEC), a position he has held since 1984. any other college basketball coach in Pennsyl- seasons of Woody Sponaugle in 1952, J. vania. Historically, he is one of only 41 coach- Shober Barr in 1941 and Robinson’s own During his long tenure, Lewis Shaw has be- es in collegiate basketball history to have won mark from the 1975 season. come equated with DHEC and the whole 600 games. In 1977, he broke his own record with 22 gamut of environmental regulation: clean air, Among the top thirty coaches on all levels of wins. And he did it again in 1979 with 27, clean water, toxic and nuclear waste disposal, the NCAA, Coach Robinson holds the tenth 1991 with 28 and 1996 with 29. and waste remediation. He has supervised the best winning percentage of all time. That puts His career win total accounts for an aston- state’s involvement in all aspects of the clean- him in the elite company of coaching legends ishing 60 percent of the total collegiate wins in up of Savannah River Site. His command of like John Wooden, Jerry Tarkanian, Dean Franklin & Marshall men’s basketball history the issues and professional ability are such (1,115) since the inception of the sport in Smith, Don Meyer, Jim Boeheim, Lute Olson, that Lewis Shaw has served as our state’s 1899–1900 under H.S. Wingert. Phog Allen, and Mike Krzyzewski. chief environmental quality officer under both Robinson, who will be inducted into the Coach Robinson is a pillar in our community West Chester Hall of Fame on February 13, and has built a program known for the suc- Republican and Democratic Governors. has guided the Diplomats to the Division III cess of its teams on the court and its players Lewis Shaw was long ago recognized on Final Four four times (1979, 1991, 1996 and off of it. the national as well as the state level. In 1985, 2000) and was named the Basketball Times I commend Coach Robinson for reaching Attorney General Meese appointed him to one Division III ‘‘Coach of the Year’’ in 1991. He this historic milestone. He has earned it. He of four State Environmental Directorships on deserves every accolade and award he re- has earned conference and National Associa- the National Enforcement Council. He served tion of Basketball Coaches (NABC) regional ceives. f on the Council from 1985–1990, and as Chair- ‘‘Coach of the Year’’ honors 11 times. man in 1989. In 1988, Lewis Shaw helped cre- But Coach Robinson isn’t just about winning PAYING TRIBUTE TO DR. J. ALAN ate the Southern Environmental Enforcement basketball games. He produces young men SHAND who are winners in life as well. You can’t talk Network (SEEN,) to facilitate the enforcement about records and winning percentage without of environmental statutes, rules and regula- HON. SCOTT McINNIS tions in member states. He served as Chair- mentioning the players who have made it pos- OF COLORADO sible. Part of his success has been the players IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man of Southern Environmental Enforcement with whom he has worked. Players like Will Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Network in 1991. Lasky (1991 honorable mention, 1992 first Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with a sol- Lewis Shaw was a member of the governing team), Don Marsh (1977 & 1979 second body which founded the Southern Appalachian team), Jeremiah Henry (1996 first team), Phil emn heart that I rise to pay tribute to the pass- ing of a great man from my district. Dr. J. Alan Mountains Initiative (SAMI) in 1994. SAMI is Hoeker (1989 honorable mention), Dave an organization of stakeholders formed to ex- Janetta (1994 honorable mention, 1995 third Shand was a beloved member of his commu- plore the environmental stability of the South- team, 1995 second team), Dennis Westley nity and a staple in most of their lives. He will (1981 second team) and Alex Kraft (2000 first be remembered as a valued member of the La ern Appalachian Mountains and develop long- team, 2001 honorable mention) all earned All- Junta, Colorado community and I am honored range plans to protect those resources. In America honors under Robinson. to bring his many contributions to the attention 1997, Lewis Shaw was selected to serve as Unlike most Division I schools, which meas- of this body of Congress and nation today. Chairman of SAMI. In 1999, he was elected ure graduation rate based on the percentage Following service in World War II, Dr. Shand President of the Environmental Council of the of 4-year players who get a degree, Coach moved to La Junta in 1946 along with his wife States (ECOS), the non-partisan organization and son and he found a job at Mennonite Robinson has a different standard. During his of state environmental commissioners, after tenure, all but one player to earn a varsity let- Hospital. They expanded their family to in- clude another son and daughter. During Dr. serving as secretary-treasurer and vice-presi- ter in basketball has earned a degree, a sta- dent. From 2001–2004, Lewis Shaw served as tistic which few, if any, other college in the Na- Shand’s career he was not only one of the town’s most beloved doctors but he also President of the Environmental Research Insti- tion can boast. tute of the States, ECOS’s research arm. Coach Robinson grew up in Yeadon, Penn- helped deliver a gift to hundreds of families: sylvania, just outside of Philadelphia and babies. Wanting to be a doctor since he was Out of respect for him and his wide-ranging played high school basketball at nearby Aldan young, Dr. Shand reached his goal and then experience, Lewis Shaw has been called to Lansdowne High before continuing his studies went beyond. testify before numerous committees of Con- at West Chester University. At West Chester, Mr. Speaker, Dr. Shand, a humble man with gress, representing the views of South Caro- he played collegiate baseball and basketball a great disposition, was a pillar of his commu- lina, and on occasion, all the states on envi- nity. Dr. Shand brought many young ones into for the Division II Rams before graduating in ronmental issues. this world and continued to touch their lives 1967, earning a masters degree a year later. I have had the good fortune of working with Robinson joined the F&M basketball coach- from that day forward. It is with great sadness ing staff in 1968 under Hall of Fame coach that we mourn his loss. I join this body of Con- Lewis Shaw on some tough issues: on the and athletic trainer Chuck Taylor. In 1971, he gress in paying tribute to his good works and multiple problems at Savannah River Site, on took over the Diplomats’ when Taylor resigned fine example. My heart goes out to Dr. a toxic waste landfill at Pinewood and a haz- to focus on his athletic training responsibilities. Shand’s loved ones and to his community dur- ardous waste incinerator in Rock Hill; at His first win came on December 7, 1971 in ing this difficult time of bereavement. Superfund sites in Cherokee and Chester Mayser Gymnasium, as Franklin & Marshall f Counties; on ozone exceedences in York men’s basketball team, then sporting an 0–2 TRIBUTE TO DEPUTY COMMIS- County and ozone transport, and on clean record downed Western Maryland College 80– SIONER R. LEWIS SHAW, SOUTH water throughout my district. 1 could always 51. Robinson went on to lead the 1971–72 CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF count on Lewis Shaw to understand the prob- Diplomats to a 7–14 record with wins over HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL lem and know the law, and to present solu- Western Maryland, Eastern, Penn State-Har- CONTROL tions that were fair and feasible. He has been risburg, Haverford, Juniata, Messiah and a an asset to South Carolina for 33 years and season concluding 68–51 victory over Drexel HON. JOHN M. SPRATT, JR. to me for the 22 years that I have served in University. OF SOUTH CAROLINA In 1973 the team improved to 11–13 as Congress. He will be sorely missed and hard IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Coach Robinson put the pieces in place to to replace, but he leaves a great legacy: a build a successful program. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 much better environment and a model of per- In 1974, Robinson and the Diplomats Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor formance that everyone in the field of environ- snapped their 10-year span of losing records, R. Lewis Shaw of South Carolina for his serv- mental regulation would do well to emulate.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.071 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E157 CRAIG NIGRELLI DEPARTS KOAT A TRIBUTE TO FORMER NORTH riage in 1949, moved to Ecuador for four CAROLINA CONGRESSMAN DAVID years to work as missionaries. They served an HENDERSON FOR A LIFETIME OF additional six years as missionaries in Del Rio, HON. TOM UDALL PUBLIC SERVICE Texas before moving to Alamosa. Eric later earned a Bachelor’s Degree in special edu- OF NEW MEXICO HON. MIKE McINTYRE cation from Adams State College and the two IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NORTH CAROLINA of them continued to minister to the migrants IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who worked the fields of the San Luis Valley. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 In 1966, after a move to Palisade, Colorado, Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Mr. UDALL of New Mexico. Mr. Speaker, I Eric became a teacher, and later principal, at rise today to pay tribute to one of the finest Mr. MCINTYRE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great the Regional Center, where Grace also and most respected news anchors in New honor that I rise here today to pay tribute to worked as a technician and later a dorm a su- Mexico—Craig Nigrelli. Craig is departing one of North Carolina’s greatest public serv- pervisor. At night, Eric earned his Masters de- KOAT television of Albuquerque, New Mexico, ants, former Congressman David Henderson. gree in special education at Western State after a strong four-year run. He will soon be With true dedication and talent, Congressman College. In what little spare time Eric had left leaving for KSTP-TV in Minnesota. Before he Henderson left a lasting mark on his commu- he served as an interim minister in churches departs, I would like to reflect on his career. nity, his state, and his country. throughout western Colorado and eastern Born in Wallace, North Carolina, in 1921, Utah. When Eric and Grace retired, they con- Craig is one of New Mexico’s most highly David Henderson began a life of accomplish- tinued to serve the Alamosa community, co- respected broadcast journalists. He joined the ment that spanned from a Major in the U.S. ordinating the soup kitchen and help desk for Action 7 News anchor desk in February 2000. Air Corps to Congressman of the United the Palisade Migrant Center. As a popular morning and noontime anchor, States. After graduating from Davidson Col- Mr. Speaker, Eric and Grace were dedi- he has commanded high ratings against some lege in 1942, Henderson served his country cated people that selflessly served their com- tough competition and is often credited with overseas in India, China, and Okinawa, only to munity and country and I am honored to pay making a major contribution toward building return to the University of North Carolina Law tribute to them here today. Their lifetime of KOAT’s solid reputation. School to earn a law degree in 1949. He held service is an incredible model for all Ameri- In 1989, Craig received his B.A. degree in numerous leadership positions throughout his cans and my thoughts and prayers go out to Communications/Economics from Rutgers Uni- career including: solicitor and judge of the their families during this difficult time of be- versity. He began his broadcasting career in Duplin County General Court, Chairman of the reavement. radio as an anchor/reporter for radio station U.S. House of Representatives’ Post Office f WJJL-AM in Niagara Falls, New York, and and Civil Service Committee, Member of the Governor’s Advisory Boards for Economic De- THE LOSS OF CAPTAIN MATTHEW then as anchor/reporter for WBEN–AM in Buf- J. AUGUST falo, New York, from May 1991 until June velopment and Aviation, Member of the Duplin 1993. In April 1993, Craig made the move to County Board of Economic Development, and television as a general assignment reporter for even Fireman of the Year for the Wallace HON. JAMES R. LANGEVIN WIVB-TV in Buffalo, and became the station’s County Volunteer Fire Department. OF RHODE ISLAND anchor/co-anchor from October 1995 until Jan- Although Congressman Henderson earned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uary 2000. During this time, he was praised many achievements throughout his life, his Tuesday, February 10, 2004 greatest accomplishment was securing legisla- for his reports on the crash of TWA Flight 800, Mr. LANGEVIN. Mr. Speaker, it is with pro- the one-year anniversary of the federal-build- tion to establish the Cape Lookout National Seashore along the Outer Banks. His commit- found sorrow that I rise to recognize the loss ing bombing in Oklahoma, and the FBI raid on of a soldier in Iraq, a Rhode Island citizen who Timothy McVeigh’s childhood home near Buf- ment to preserving this natural landmark cre- ated one of the most popular coastal parks in served with dignity and honor. I join the peo- falo. This extensive experience prepared him the United States. Prior to serving sixteen ple of Rhode Island in mourning this great well for his successful tenure at KOAT. years in the U.S. House of Representatives, loss. Throughout his years at KOAT, Craig has Henderson came to Washington to serve as On Tuesday, January 27, U.S. Army Cap- developed a reputation in the New Mexico po- Assistant Counsel to the House Education and tain Matthew J. August was killed in litical community for being one of the few TV Labor Committee, and the Chief Staffer of an Khalidiyah, Iraq, when an improvised explo- reporters to whom the moniker ‘‘political re- investigating sub-committee chaired by Con- sive device exploded next to his convoy. Cap- porter’’ is applied. He has been a major pres- gressman John F. Kennedy. tain August was commander of B Company, ence on KOAT election coverage, and his de- Former Congressman Henderson passed 1st Engineer Battalion out of Fort Riley, Kan- parture will leave a void in this busy year. away on January 7, 2004, but will be remem- sas. A resident of North Kingstown, Rhode Is- After being interviewed dozens of times by bered for his endless contributions to our soci- land, Capt. August graduated in 1993 from Craig, I can honestly say that I do not know ety. This nation was blessed to have known Bishop Hendricken High School—my alma his political affiliation or leanings. He has and honored a true public servant. mater—and then further distinguished himself as a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at asked me, and countless other elected offi- f cials and candidates, the tough questions that West Point in 1997. It was at West Point that New Mexico viewers want to know. I do not PAYING TRIBUTE TO ERIC AND he met his wife, Captain Maureen August, think there can be a higher compliment than GRACE CROSS who also served in Iraq in the 1st Armored Di- that for a journalist. vision. HON. SCOTT McINNIS Last week, I was honored to join Captain On February 16, I will travel to the KOAT August’s wife, his parents, Donna and Richard studio in Albuquerque for what will probably OF COLORADO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES August, his older brother Mark, his younger be my last interview with Craig on the noon sister Melanie, and other family and friends at news. I have no doubt that he will be missed Tuesday, February 10, 2004 a memorial service in Rhode Island. Those by his colleagues and viewers alike for his Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with a sad who knew him well spoke highly of his kind- judgment, experience, toughness under pres- heart that I rise to pay tribute to the passing ness, his commitment to his wife and family, sure, and his wonderful sense of humor. He of two great people from my district. Eric and and his patriotism and love of service. He was will be gone, but not forgotten. Grace Cross, who spent the last 32 years of described as a natural leader who earned the Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join their life in Alamosa, Colorado, recently respect of all those he encountered. me in wishing Craig the best of luck in all his passed away at the ages of 76 and 74. The This loss causes us to reflect on the bravery future endeavors. His dedication to quality Crosses dedicated their lives to public service demonstrated by our men and women in uni- journalism cannot be understated, and I am and to the challenging fields of teaching and form as they carry out their obligations in the pleased to have been able to honor him here missionary work. I am honored today to bring face of danger. When their Nation called them today. While Craig and his lovely wife, Carol, their contributions to the attention of this body to duty to preserve freedom, liberty and the embark on a new chapter in their life, I want of Congress and this nation. security of their neighbors, they answered them to know they will always have friends in Eric and Grace met as teenagers at the without hesitation. We remember those who New Mexico. Briercrest Bible Institute, and after their mar- have fallen not only as soldiers, but also as

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.075 E10PT1 E158 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 patriots who made the ultimate sacrifice for munications, and was the speechwriter for 350,000 stereos that Fenda agreed in March to their country. May we keep their loved ones in AfricaGlobal’s clientele. supply to the retailer for $30 to $40 each. our thoughts and prayers as they struggle to Mr. Speaker, David H. Miller worked with Huang said they sell for $50 in the United great dedication in advancing relations be- States. ‘‘We have to constantly cut costs to endure this difficult period and mourn the he- satisfy Wal-Mart.’’ roes America has lost. tween African nations and the United States, Yet this factory and thousands of others We will continue to hope for the safe and and is certainly deserving of praise before this along China’s east coast have decided, with speedy return of all of our troops serving body today. He is survived by his wife, the China’s leaders, that the deal is worth the throughout the world. former Kyung Hee Cho; his children Max, Au- price. Wal-Mart provides access to vastly f drey, and Han; his parents; his brothers Bill more store shelves than they could ever and John, his sisters Anne and Mary; other reach by themselves, a way to build a brand TRIBUTE TO DAVID H. MILLER extended family members; and a host of from Fort Worth to Frankfurt. Meeting Wal- Mart’s strict requirements could improve the friends both in Africa and in the United States. factory’s efficiency and make it easier to HON. DONALD M. PAYNE Our thoughts are with them during their time land contracts from other major retailers. OF NEW JERSEY of bereavement. To his family, friends, and the As capital scours the globe for cheaper and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many people in the community who knew him, more malleable workers, and as poor coun- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 David H. Miller will be missed deeply. tries seek multinational companies to pro- vide jobs, lift production and open export f Mr. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise before this markets, Wal-Mart and China have forged body of Congress and this Nation today to pay DO WE REALLY WANT A WAL- themselves into the ultimate joint venture, tribute to the passing of a man who spent his MART ECONOMY? their symbiosis influencing the terms of lifetime seeking to expand trade and invest- labor and consumption the world over. With sales of more than $245 billion a year, ment ties between the United States and Afri- HON. DAVID R. OBEY Wal-Mart is the largest retailer in the ca. David H. Miller, of Silver Spring, Maryland, OF WISCONSIN United States, still the ultimate consumer and originally from the state of Michigan, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES market. China is the most populous country, passed away on February 2 following a year- with 1.3 billion people, most still poor long battle with cancer. As his family, rel- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 enough to willingly move hundreds of miles atives, and friends mourn their loss, I would Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, I am inserting in from home for jobs that would be shunned by like to recognize a few of his many achieve- the RECORD today an article which appeared anyone with better prospects. The Com- ments here today. in the Washington Post on Sunday, February munist Party government has become per- haps the world’s greatest facilitator of capi- The son of Mr. and Mrs. William P. Miller of 8, 2004. The article is about the price that is talist production, beckoning multinational Farmington Hills, Michigan, Mr. Miller received paid by Chinese workers for Wal-Mart’s low giants with tax-free zones and harsh punish- a Bachelor’s degree in Political Science from prices. But, in fact, the article has far broader ment for anyone with designs on organizing George Washington University and a Masters implications for American workers. a labor movement. degree in Business Administration with a con- The article makes clear that low prices of- More than 80 percent of the 6,000 factories centration on finance from the Virginia Poly- fered by Wal-Mart are built on a foundation of in Wal-Mart’s worldwide database of sup- technic Institute and State University. Mr. Mil- injustice for Chinese workers. But more impor- pliers are in China. Wal-Mart estimates it ler worked for the public relations company of spent $15 billion on Chinese-made products tantly, for American workers the article dem- last year, accounting for nearly one-eighth Black, Manafort, Stone & Kelly as a Research onstrates how the race to the bottom for work- of all Chinese exports to the United States. Associate and for Congressman Mark Sil- ers wages and benefits occurs in this country. If the company that Sam Walton built with jander as a Legislative Assistant for Foreign By implication, it illustrates that if today Wal- his ‘‘Made in America’’ ad campaign were Affairs. Thereafter, Mr. Miller was the Desk Of- Mart and companies like it produce lower itself a separate nation, it would rank as ficer for South Africa, Angola, and Namibia at wages by squeezing their own workers wages China’s fifth-largest export market, ahead of the U.S. Agency for International Develop- and benefits, that creates pressure on com- Germany and Britain. ment. Mr. Miller then served as the Senior As- petitors to do the same thing. Back in its home market, Wal-Mart’s vast appetite for Chinese imports has placed it at sociate for Africa at the Overseas Private In- Every Member of Congress and every the center of a sharp debate over whether vestment Corporation (OPIC), where he led American ought to ask whether America really the influx of low-cost products from China is over 140 U.S. companies on investment mis- wants to follow the Wal-Mart economic model. good for Americans. sions to 16 African countries. [From the Washington Post Foreign Service, Domestic manufacturers, labor groups and Mr. Miller helped to create the Corporate Feb. 8, 2004] some politicians point to China’s record Council on Africa, and served as its first Exec- CHINESE WORKERS PAY FOR WAL-MART’S LOW trade surplus with the United States, esti- mated to have totaled $120 billion last year, utive Director from May 1993 to June 1999. At PRICES and accuse Beijing of manipulating its cur- the Council, Miller was the principal liaison be- (By Peter S. Goodman and Philip P. Pan) rency, condoning the exploitation of its tween the Council staff and more than 210 SHENZHEN, CHINA.—Inside the factory, workers and competing unfairly, resulting in corporate and individual members. Mr. Miller amid clattering machinery and clouds of the loss of U.S. manufacturing jobs. was responsible for advising member compa- sawdust, men without earplugs or protective But Chinese officials counter that nearly nies on trade and investment activities in Afri- goggles feed wood into screaming electric two-thirds of the country’s exports are ca; outreach to African government and pri- saws, making cabinets for stereo speakers. shipped from factories wholly or jointly vate sector leaders; U.S. executive and legis- Women hunch over worktables, many hands owned by foreign investors, with Wal-Mart bandaged and few covered by gloves, pressing lative activities relating to African issues; and often cited as the prime example, supplying transistors into circuit boards. Americans with a steady flow of low-cost, projects before international financial institu- Most of the 2,100 workers here are poor mi- high-quality goods. tions such as the World Bank Group and the grants from the countryside who have come With its near-religious devotion to the pur- African Development Bank. Under his direc- to this industrial hub in southern China for suit of ‘‘everyday low prices,’’ Wal-Mart il- tion, the Corporate Council on Africa grew jobs that pay about $120 a month. A sign on lustrates why U.S.-based multinationals from an organization with six members, a lim- the wall reminds them of their expendability with operations here have not joined in the ited budget, and one employee to an organi- in a nation with hundreds of millions of sur- chorus for protectionism. zation of over 210 members, an annual budg- plus workers: ‘‘If you don’t work hard today, ‘‘For the benefit of the consumer, we tomorrow you’ll have to try hard to look for should buy merchandise where we get the et in excess of $3 million, and fourteen em- a job.’’ best value,’’ said Andrew Tsuei, managing di- ployees. The calculations driving production here rector of Wal-Mart’s global procurement cen- Mr. Miller formed AfricaGlobal, and served at Shenzhen Baoan Fenda Industrial Co. are ter in Shenzhen. as its Managing Director and Director of Gov- no different from those governing global cap- Joe Hatfield, president of Wal-Mart’s Asia ernment Affairs. He was responsible for han- italism in general—make more for less—but operations, noted that many of the goods his dling the government clients and the govern- it is applied with particular vigor on this company buys in China—toys, furniture, tex- mental affairs of AfricaGlobal’s corporate cli- shop floor. Sixty percent of the stereos com- tiles and holiday ornaments—have mostly not been made in the United States for ents. Mr. Miller advised government clients on ing off the line are for one customer: Wal- Mart Stores Inc., whose mastery at squeez- years. The Bush administration has pressed how to best communicate and create positive ing savings from its supply chain made it the China to increase the value of its currency, relationships with the international private sec- world’s largest company. which some argue makes China’s goods un- tor and political leaders. Mr. Miller had exten- ‘‘The profit is really small,’’ said Surely fairly cheap on world markets. Hatfield sive experience in corporate affairs and com- Huang, a factory engineer, speaking of the rolled his eyes.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.077 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E159 ‘‘That would be a travesty to do to the con- Wal-Mart employs 100 auditors who annu- PAYING TRIBUTE TO GEORGE sumer in the United States,’’ he said. ‘‘You ally inspect every supplier’s factory. Last MERRIWETHER do that and the cost of living is going to go year, the company suspended deals with up.’’ about 400 suppliers, primarily for exceeding For Wal-Mart and other multinational limits on overtime, Tsuei said. Another 72 HON. SCOTT McINNIS companies doing business in China, a stable factories were blacklisted permanently last OF COLORADO currency, political peace and a compliant year, he said, almost all for employing chil- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES workforce are nearly as important as low dren under China’s legal working age of 16. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 costs. But Wal-Mart does not conduct regular in- ‘‘There might be places in other parts of spections of smaller factories that sell goods Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with great the world where you can buy cheaper, but to the company through middlemen. Nor pride that I rise today to pay tribute to a de- can you get [the product] on the ship?’’ Tsuei does it inspect all its suppliers’ subcontrac- voted entrepreneur from Monte Vista, Colo- said. ‘‘If we have to look at a country that’s tors or the Chinese manufacturing oper- not politically stable, you might not get rado. George Merriwether sets an example for ations of U.S. suppliers such as Mattel Inc. your order on time. If you deal in a country people to work hard no matter their age. His and Dell Inc. where the currency fluctuates, everyday enthusiasm for life is an inspiration to the there is a lot of risk. China happens to have ‘‘The inspection system is not effective,’’ community and I would like to join my col- the right mix.’’ said Li Qiang, a labor organizer who has been leagues here today in recognizing George’s Labor activists in China and abroad say in contact with workers at more than a tremendous service to the Monte Vista com- that mix includes the ruling party’s ban on dozen factories that supply Wal-Mart, and munity. who worked in one himself before leaving independent trade unions—workers may join At ninety years old, George Merriwether is only the party-run union—as well as courts China three years ago. ‘‘The factories are and regulatory agencies controlled by local usually notified in advance, and they often still putting in countless hours five to six times party officials who are often willing to over- prepare by cleaning up, creating fake time a week at his own irrigation business. George look labor violations to appease businesses sheets and briefing workers on what to say.’’ started the business at age sixty when, after that can be milked for taxes, fees and bribes. Li said these factories often require em- working twenty-six years in Los Angeles, he The activists argue that as Wal-Mart pits ployees to work as many as 80 hours per decided to return to Colorado. George’s irriga- suppliers against one another and squeezes week during the busy season for $75 to $110 tion business is oriented towards service, with them for the lowest price, the workers suffer. per month, violating Chinese labor laws. If two pump crews installing pumps and one ‘‘Wal-Mart pressures the factory to cut its Wal-Mart really wanted to monitor condi- man in charge of their rebuilding. price, and the factory responds with longer tions among its suppliers, Li said, it could do hours or lower pay,’’ said a Chinese labor of- Mr. Speaker, George Merriwether is a dedi- so with surprise visits, longer inspections cated individual who enriches the lives of ficial, who declined to be named for fear of and independent auditors. ‘‘But if they did punishment. ‘‘And the workers have no op- that, prices would definitely go up,’’ he said. Monte Vista citizens by providing a great irri- tions.’’ gation service to the community. George has In the city of Dongguan in southern Wal-Mart is such a big player in China that demonstrated a passion for work that is rare it does not have to go looking for suppliers; Guangdong province, where Wal-Mart sup- for a man of any age. One can only imagine pliers are concentrated, a 27–year-old worker the suppliers come to them, jamming a re- who gave her name as Miss Qin complained ception area at the procurement center. what our nation could do if we all had as much energy and compassion as he does. that she can rarely afford meat with her $75– Yu Xiaoma of Guangzhou Kangaroo Leath- per-month wages at Kaida Toy Co. ‘‘Every ers Co., which makes handbags and wallets George’s enthusiasm and commitment cer- day we eat vegetables, mostly we eat vegeta- for Wal-Mart and other multinationals, said: tainly deserve the recognition of this body of bles,’’ she said, leaning over a plate of fried ‘‘You can’t make much money from Wal- Congress. carrots in a dingy restaurant. Mart. They demand the lowest, lowest f Qin helps make plastic toy trains for Wal- price.’’ Mart, but says she cannot afford to buy toys HONORING CONGREGATION SINAI for her 9–year-old son. ‘‘In four years, they Amy Gu, vice manager for exports for Goodbaby Corp., which makes baby strollers AS THEY CELEBRATE THEIR haven’t increased the salary,’’ she said. 75TH ANNIVERSARY Kong Xianghong, the No. 2 official for the near Shanghai, said the company sometimes party-run union in Guangdong province, ac- takes orders to supply Wal-Mart at or below knowledged that low wages, long hours and cost through a partnership with a Canadian HON. ROSA L. DeLAURO distributor, Dorel Industries Inc. ‘‘Dorel will poor conditions are common in factories that OF CONNECTICUT tell us, ’Well, Wal-Mart has given us this supply Wal-Mart and other U.S.-based cor- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES porations. ‘‘It’s better than nothing,’’ he price, we need a factory cost of this much,’ said. ‘‘Labor protections, working conditions ‘‘Gu said. ‘‘And we have to find a way to de- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 liver it.’’ and wages are related to a country’s level of Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker it is with great economic development. Of course, we want Wal-Mart says such arrangements benefit pleasure that I rise today to extend my sincere better labor protections, but we can’t afford both sides. Hatfield said the company has it. We need the jobs. We need to guarantee made distribution more efficient and fair by congratulations to Congregation Sinai of West people can eat.’’ cutting out middlemen and resisting corrup- Haven, Connecticut as they celebrate their Still, Kong said, the party-controlled tion. In a country where transportation re- seventy-fifth anniversary. Today’s celebration union has been frustrated that Wal-Mart has mains unreliable, WalMart’s distribution marks a tremendous milestone in the Con- refused for three years to allow it to set up network has given manufacturers access to gregation’s history and I am proud to join them branches in the 31 Wal-Mart stores in customers around the country and the world. in commemorating this special occasion. China—even though he has assured the com- He touted the case of a Guangdong factory Houses of worship play a vital role in our pany that the union wouldn’t help workers that began supplying Wal-Mart stores in communities—providing a haven for those in struggle for better pay. Wal-Mart has also Shenzhen with a drink made of milk and egg search of comfort as well as a place to build fought efforts to unionize its U.S. stores. yolk, delivering 25,000 units the first month. Wal-Mart’s China headquarters is a monu- and strengthen the bonds of fellowship. In ad- It proved popular. By September, Wal-Mart ment to its frugality—a low building covered dition to catering to the cultural and spiritual was shipping 1 million units a month across in white tile. The linoleum conference table southern China. needs of West Haven’s Jewish community, the is pockmarked with gaps where the plywood contributions made by both the organization shows through. Tea is served in plastic cups. ‘‘They can just drop it at our distribution and its members are innumerable. Throughout center and we take care of the rest,’’ Hat- In Hatfield’s office, where he presides over its seventy-five year history, Congregation Wal-Mart’s Asia operations, the rusty win- field said. ‘‘Now it’s a national brand.’’ dow frame is open, the sound of car horns Sinai has been an active member of the West Yet those who run the factory that pro- Haven community—touching the lives of washing in from the street. duces the drink, Weijiasi Food & Beverage Wal-Mart portrays itself as a force for good Co., say they haven’t yet shared in the suc- many. in China. The company says it enforces labor cess. Founded in 1929 by ten families as the standards for its suppliers and insists that West Haven Jewish Community Center, Con- they comply with Chinese law. ‘‘In the beginning, we made money,’’ said a manager reached by telephone, who gave his gregation Sinai has grown to become a lead- ‘‘We look at safety. We look at health, and ing synagogue in the Greater New Haven this comes with a cost. We ensure people get name as Mr. Li. paid above minimum wage. They have to ‘‘But when Wal-Mart started to launch na- area—providing spiritual leadership and work- have fire extinguishers, fire exits,’’ Tsuei tionwide distribution, they pressured us for a ing diligently for the betterment of their com- said. ‘‘There are people out there who cannot special price at below our cost. Now, we’re munity. From annual blood drives and spiritual have those things and offer a lower price. We losing money on every box, while Wal-Mart programs to sponsoring local political debates do not do business with those people.’’ is making more money.’’ and charity fundraising events, the members

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.082 E10PT1 E160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 10, 2004 of Congregation Sinai have truly helped to Evacuation Flights and Staging Facilities. PAYING TRIBUTE TO FRANK shape their community. Each and every day, the nurses, physicians, MONTERA Working with the West Haven Clergy Asso- and medical technicians of the Andrews CASF ciation, the Congregation’s leaders have stand ready to receive and care for some of HON. SCOTT McINNIS worked diligently to promote brotherhood and our most critically wounded heroes from the OF COLORADO understanding between groups of varying reli- War on Terrorism. All Americans are proud of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gious backgrounds. Members donate their their service and grateful for their efforts, none time and energies to a variety of causes and more so than those whose lives they held in Tuesday, February 10, 2004 the Congregation has opened its doors to their hands. The men and women of the Con- Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with a sad youth and other community groups—offering tingency Aeromedical Staging Facility have ful- heart that I rise to pay tribute to the passing them a place to meet so that they too can filled their responsibility with distinction and of a great man from my district. Mayor Frank make a difference in the community. with grace under pressure, and have dem- Montera, a native of Pueblo, Colorado, re- Through their endless compassion and gen- onstrated yet again the skill and dedication of cently passed away at the age of 87. Frank erosity, Congregation Sinai and its member- America’s citizen soldiers. dedicated his life to public service and I am ship have left an indelible mark on the City of Mr. Speaker, I commend this often over- honored today to bring his contributions to the West Haven. I am proud to rise today to ex- looked group of American heroes and I ask attention of this body of Congress and this na- tend my sincere congratulations and very best tion. that my colleagues in the Congress join with wishes to Congregation Sinai as they cele- Mayor Montera will be forever remembered me today in honoring their patriotism and their brate their seventy-fifth anniversary. Mazel for his tremendous service to his community. Tov! contribution to the cause of freedom around He served on the Aguilar Town Council for al- the globe. f most 30 years, spent another eight on the So that they may be honored individually, I Aguilar School Board, and later served as the HONORING THE MEN AND WOMEN am submitting the names of the 86 personnel town’s Mayor. Frank was a diligent public OF THE 459TH AEROMEDICAL of the Andrews CASF, including 30 members servant who had a long history of involvement STAGING SQUADRON of the 89th Medical Group, for the RECORD: in community affairs. Frank’s example serves as a model of how hard work and altruistic en- HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG Adams, Shaun—MD; Anderson, James— deavors facilitate a prosperous and rewarding VA; Anderson, Larry Jr—MD; Arrington, OF FLORIDA community. Shelia—VA; Allis, Patrick—NC; Ascue, Jo- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seph—VA; Ayala-Tipmongkol, Patricia—VA; Mr. Speaker, Frank Montera was an incred- Tuesday, February 10, 2004 Barlow, Raymond—PA; Becton, Avery—VA; ible role model for America’s youth. Frank Beebe, Deborah—TX; Bowles, Charmayne— dedicated his life to representing the scho- Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, since MD; Brandon, Lewis—MD; lastic endeavors of a generation. His compas- September 11, 2001, valiant young Americans Brooks, Sylvia—MD; Bullock, Geraldine— sionate and selfless service to Aguilar and the have served our country on the front lines of Colorado community certainly deserves the the War on Terrorism, and some have made NC; Bulow, Tequela—MD; Campbell, Shanita—VA; Cesaro, Roger—MD; Delaney, recognition of this body of Congress and this the ultimate sacrifice. We will always remem- Allen—SC; Devilla, Eustaquio—VA; Drum- nation. My thoughts and prayers go out to his ber and recognize their courage and selfless- mond, Jimmie—MD; Emeagwali, Edith—MD; family during this time of bereavement. ness in defense of our Nation. Fairley, Xamodria—MD; Fields, Darrell— f Over the past two and a half years, thou- MO; Finn, Sophia—MD; sands of brave soldiers, sailors, airmen and Fitzpatrick, Alice—VA; Fletcher, James— H.R. 3030—IMPROVING THE COMMU- Marines have returned home wounded, some- MA; Fullenwilder, Edson—MD; Gadsden, NITY SERVICES BLOCK GRANT times seriously, from Operations Enduring Tamar—MD; Gavin, Shaun—MD; Gill,— ACT Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. These heroes Mary—MD; Goston, Santoskaun—VA; Green have arrived at Andrews Air Force base (Walker), Candice—PA; Guerra, Adrian—IL; HON. RON KIND aboard the U.S. Air Force’s Worldwide Hagans, Rudy—MD; Harvey, Nakia—MD; OF WISCONSIN Hayden, Donald—KY; Aeromedical Evacuation flights. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Upon arrival, these service members are Heyward, Cheryl—DC; Hodge, Nketia—VA; met by a group of heroes in their own right, Howard, Charles—MD; James, Joseph—MD; Tuesday, February 10, 2004 the reserve airmen and women of the 459th James, Zenobia—MD; Johnson, Deborah— Mr. KIND. Mr. Speaker, last week, the Aeromedical Staging Squadron. Since their NC; Johnson, Doreen—MD; Johnson, House of Representatives passed H.R. 3030, mobilization on April 3, 2003 these men and Dwinese—NC; Jones, Bonnie—MD; Jones- Reauthorization of the Community Services women have worked tirelessly to ensure that Everett, Jennifer—MD; Kee, Frances—MD; Block Grant (CSBG). I am a strong supporter our injured and wounded service members are Kellner, Karen—MD; of this block grant, as noted in my previous re- moved safely from the Aeromedical Evacu- King, Caleb—MD; Knight, Nina—PA; marks on February 4, 2004. ation System to stateside facilities where they Leggett, Taeka—VA; Lewis, Christopher— I am disappointed, however, that H.R. 3030, can receive critical lifesaving care. MD; Lipscomb, Marina—MD; Longfellow, as passed, failed to correct provisions in cur- The 100-bed Contingency Aeromedical Dawn—DE; Lyde, Georgia—MD; Martin, Ro- rent law that permit religious organizations re- Staging Facility (CASF) was established in berta—MD; Masonis, Michael—MD; McCall, ceiving funds under this Act to discriminate in Colon—MD; Meredith, Janelle—MD; March to supplement the existing Andrews Air employment based on religion. While these Mewborn, Margaret—VA; Force Base ASF in anticipation of Operation provisions have existed in current law for five Iraqi Freedom. Working out of makeshift facili- Millner, Johnnie—VA; Mills, Edwards, years, I cannot condone the continuation of ties, including a fitness building and tennis Shera—NC; Moore, Ricardo—VA; Moore, discriminatory policies. center, the men and women of the Andrews Vanessa—NC; Morgan, Jennifer—VA; Mor- I supported the Democratic substitute of- ton, Sandi—VA; Myles, Larry—VA; CASF maintain the highest standard of care Pauldine, Ronald—MD; Persons, Cynthia— fered by my colleagues on the Education and for wounded service members transiting the VA; Phifer, Dianett—VA; Plog, Hunter—MD; the Workforce Committee, Representatives U.S. Air Force’s Evacuation system. Since Quinerly, Julius—VA; LYNN WOOLSEY and GEORGE MILLER, that re- April 2003 the Andrews CASF staff has moved store basic civil rights for workers while ensur- Retener, Jose—MD; Reynolds, Gary—MD; 11,307 injured military personnel through An- Richardson, Leonard—MD; Roberts, Tracy— ing the ongoing participation of faith-based drews on their way to military medical centers SC; Rudd, Brant—MD; Sawka, Ann—PA; groups in CSBG programs. I also supported nationwide. Sherry-Notar, Precious—VA; Silver, James— the Miller amendment to extend the Tem- In our many visits to the Walter Reed Army MD; Simon, Norman—VA; Smith, William— porary Extended Unemployment Compensa- Medical Center here in Washington, DC, and VA; tion program for an additional six months. the National Naval Medical Center in Be- Stiles, Erlinda—MD; Sylvestro, Patricia— This extension is long overdue given that thesda, Maryland, my wife Beverly and I have MD; Taylor, Meghan—VA; Thomas, Ed- 8.4 million Americans are now unemployed— met countless young soldiers, sailors and Ma- ward—VA; Troutman, Wanda—NC; Tutwiler, 159,344 in Wisconsin alone—and it is taking rines who survived life-threatening injuries be- Terry—VA; Vogan, Kieth—WV; Whitney, longer and longer for them to find work. I hear cause of the quick and effective work of those Angel—DE; Williams, Cornelius—VA; and daily from job seekers in my district about how responsible for the Air Force’s Aeromedical Woodyard, April—NC. difficult it has been to find employment in this

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:54 Feb 11, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A10FE8.085 E10PT1 February 10, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E161 economy. It is unconscionable that previous in New York has continued to skyrocket. We violence. Many in the Korean-American com- attempts to extend aid to those who have lost must extend UI benefits for people such as munity cite the Los Angeles riots as the histor- their jobs as a result of this Administration’s John and Nina. ical turning point that led to the political mobili- misguided economic policies have been The Republican Administration continues to zation of Korean Americans nationwide and blocked by the majority leadership. Passing an support policies that harm America: Continu- brought about a new awareness for the need extension of this important program has given ation of the Republican war against working to reach out and build better relationships with hope to those who have, through no fault of families; failure to appreciate contributions of other ethnic groups. their own, lost their jobs in these tough eco- working families to the overall national re- Today, as we continue to heal past wounds nomic times. sources and purpose; the war in Iraq being and embrace our differences, I can say with Mr. Speaker, I am disappointed that the fought by the relatives of these unemployed great pride that the growing Korean American Woolsey amendment did not pass and that Americans. community in this country makes up a valu- congressional leadership insists on retaining Democrats prefer an economic stimulus able, dynamic and integral part of our diverse language discriminating against employees at package for jobs. The compassionate, the society. Korean Americans serve in our armed faith-based organizations based on religion. right action to take, the policy which best services. World War II history buffs will recall Despite these reservations, I supported final serves the national interests and national se- the brave and heroic acts of Colonel Young passage of H.R. 3030, as amended by Mr. curity at this time is the simple extension of Oak Kim. He became the most decorated sol- MILLER’s unemployment extension amend- unemployment insurance. dier in the 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regi- ment, and I hope the Senate will pass this im- I urge a ‘‘yes’’ vote for this amendment. mental Combat Team. For his bravery, he portant bill quickly to help millions of job seek- f earned the Silver Star Medal for saving count- ers currently unemployed and looking for less American lives. As successful entre- work. COMMEMORATING KOREAN preneurs, Korean-American business owners AMERICAN DAY f contribute $45 billion annually to our Nation’s economy. Korean Americans have a great in- DEMOCRATIC PROPOSAL TO HON. LUCILLE ROYBAL-ALLARD fluence in the fashion industry, international EXTEND UI BENEFITS OF CALIFORNIA trade, restaurants and many other community IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES businesses. Korean cuisine is also crossing cultural lines. Enjoyed by Americans through- HON. MAJOR R. OWENS Tuesday, February 10, 2004 OF NEW YORK out the country, kimchi, for example, is a spicy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise pickled cabbage that is now famous for lit- today to commemorate the 100th anniversary erally bringing tears to the faint. Tuesday, February 10, 2004 of the arrival of Korean immigrants to the Overall, Korean Americans have made sig- Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, the Republican United States. nificant contributions to this country in a wide economists, the Wall Street Journal and other On January 13, 1903, the first wave of Ko- variety of professions, ranging from the arts to conservative propaganda organs are loudly rean immigrants arrived in Hawaii. Although medicine to the sciences. As a Nation, we are proclaiming that the recession is over. They recruited to do backbreaking work on the benefiting from this tremendous wealth of are trumpeting a new prosperity. But there are sugar plantations, they arrived with great hope knowledge and talent. no jobs for the more than three million who that they would find a better life for them- With nearly 2 million Korean Americans liv- lost their jobs. In my District unemployment is selves and their children in this country. The ing in the United States, Korean immigration is an awful reality. Every worker would like to be second wave of Korean immigrants arrived an important part of our Nation’s history and employed in a job that allows him to bring after World War II and the Korean War. They collective heritage. Like most immigrants, Ko- home a check big enough to meet his family’s came in search of political and educational reans brought with them the deeply embedded needs. However, if you don’t have a job, then freedom. The third influx of Korean immigrants and cherished American values of hard work, you welcome the desperately needed unem- arrived after 1965. Many in this last group sacrifice, and respect for family, church and ployment insurance. were medical professionals who came to fill community. The stories of two unemployed workers in the shortage of health care workers in our This was especially apparent at the January my district put a human face on the ugly sta- inner cities. Since then, others have arrived 13 gala dinner that I attended along with my tistics related to this calamity. John Pleck and and have pursued the American Dream of colleague, LINDA SA´NCHEZ. The beautiful affair Nina Worrell both face an uncertain future be- owning successful small businesses. These brought to an end a year-long celebration cause of the Bush Administration’s focus on ‘‘mom and pop’’ shops have helped to revi- marking the 100th anniversary of the arrival of tax cuts for the rich. John’s UI benefits expired talize declining neighborhoods and provide an Korean Americans to this country. The Cen- in December, leaving him with no income. He important economic stimulus in communities tennial Committee of Korean Immigration to spends each day searching the ‘‘job wanted throughout the nation. Despite language and the U.S. and the Korean American Day Com- ads’’ while submitting applications for various cultural barriers and sometimes blatant dis- mittee are to be commended for making the jobs. The Democratic plan would provide John crimination, Korean Americans—like so many celebration possible. with more time to find a well paying job. other immigrants who arrive to this country— I would like to thank both Committees for al- John’s story is heard everyday throughout the are helping to keep America strong. lowing me to be a part of this wonderful cele- United States. In fact, John’s current situation Toward this end, the Korean American com- bration and, above all, for their commitment to is very similar to another constituent in my dis- munity has shown its tremendous resiliency. preserving the tremendous history of the Ko- trict. Mrs. Nina Worrell spent 14 years working Racial struggles exist in all communities. But rean American community. Because of their for United Airlines. Mrs. Worrell has been un- we are obligated to reflect back upon certain efforts, current and future generations will employed for more than a year and has strug- tragedies as important reminders. Following have a greater awareness of the proud legacy gled to pay her bills. Her UI benefits also ex- the loss of life and extensive property damage of the Korean American community and its im- pired in December, leaving Mrs. Worrell with in the Los Angeles riots of 1992, the Korean- portant contribution over the last 100 years to few choices. While she has continued to American community and the Nation grieved the beautiful mosaic that today makes up and search for a new job, the unemployment rate and sought out better ways to prevent future binds our diverse and great Nation.

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