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A Screening of Anti-Breast Cancer Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Twenty Medicinal Plants Gathered from Chaharmahal Va Bakht

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A Screening of Anti-Breast Cancer Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Twenty Medicinal Plants Gathered from Chaharmahal Va Bakht © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, 7 (3), 213-222, 2019 ISSN 0719-4250 http://jppres.com/jppres Original Article | Artículo Original A screening of anti-breast cancer effects and antioxidant activity of twenty medicinal plants gathered from Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari province, Iran [Tamizaje antitumoral contra cáncer de mama y actividad antioxidante de veinte plantas medicinales recolectadas en la provincia de Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari, Irán] Majid Asadi-Samani1, Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei2, Zahra Lorigooini2, Hedayatollah Shirzad3* 1Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. 2Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. 3Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Resumen Context: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers that causes Contexto: El cáncer de mama es uno de los cánceres más prevalentes que substantial numbers of deaths among women, worldwide. Medicinal causa un gran número de muertes entre las mujeres en todo el mundo. plants can be used for discovering new anti-breast cancer drugs. Las plantas medicinales se pueden usar para descubrir nuevos Aims: To investigate the antioxidant effects of twenty Iranian herbs and medicamentos contra el cáncer de mama. their anticancer effects against breast cancer cell lines (i.e. MDA-MB231 Objetivos: Investigar los efectos antioxidantes de veinte hierbas iraníes y and MCF-7) compared with a non-cancerous human cell line (HDF). sus efectos anticancerígenos contra líneas celulares de cáncer de mama Methods: In this study, the plant samples were collected from different (es decir, MDA-MB231 y MCF-7) en comparación con una línea celular regions of Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari province in Iran and their humana no cancerosa (HDF). hydroalcoholic (ethanol: water; 70:30) extracts prepared by maceration Métodos: En este estudio, se recolectaron muestras de plantas de method. Antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH with reference diferentes regiones de la provincia de Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari en Irán to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Anticancer effects were y sus extractos hidroalcohólicos (etanol: agua; 70:30) preparados por el investigated by MTT colorimetric assay. método de maceración. La actividad antioxidante se investigó mediante Results: Most of the plants examined in this study had higher DPPH con referencia al hidroxitolueno butilado (BHT). Los efectos antioxidant activity than that of BHT. Satureja bachtiarica (37.27 ± 1.56 anticancerígenos se investigaron mediante el ensayo colorimétrico MTT. µg/mL), Plantago lanceolata (43.19 ± 4.67 µg/mL), Parietaria judaica (45.34 Resultados: La mayoría de las plantas examinadas en este estudio tenían ± 8.08 µg/mL), Stachys inflata (53.70 ± 1.80 µg/mL), and Euphorbia mayor actividad antioxidante que la de BHT. Satureja bachtiarica (37.27 ± szovitsii (55.78 ± 1.37 µg/mL) inhibited the DPPH free radicals in the 1.56 µg/mL), Plantago lanceolata (43.19 ± 4.67 µg/mL), Parietaria judaica lower concentration compared to BHT (120.48 ± 1.42 µg/mL) and other (45.34 ± 8.08 µg/mL), Stachys inflata (53.70 ± 1.80 µg / mL) y Euphorbia plants. MTT assay showed that the lowest IC50s values were observed szovitsii (55.78 ± 1.37 µg/mL) inhibieron el radical libre DPPH en la for E. microsciadia and E. szovitsii among the examined plants on both concentración más baja en comparación con BHT (120.48 ± 1.42 µg/mL) breast cancer cell lines. There was no significant relationship between y otras plantas. El ensayo MTT mostró que se observaron los valores de anticancer effects and antioxidant activity of the plants (p>0.05). CI50 más bajas para E. microsciadia y E. szovitsii entre las plantas Conclusions: The examined plants might be considered as valuable examinadas en ambas líneas celulares de cáncer de mama. No hubo una resources of natural compounds that may possess anti-breast cancer relación significativa entre los efectos anticancerígenos y la actividad properties. antioxidante de las plantas (p> 0.05). Conclusiones: Las plantas examinadas podrían considerarse como recursos valiosos de compuestos naturales que pueden poseer propiedades contra el cáncer de mama. Keywords: antioxidant activity; cytotoxicity; drug discovery; natural Palabras Clave: actividad antioxidante; citotoxicidad; descubrimiento de compounds; traditional medicine. medicamento; compuestos naturales; medicina tradicional. ARTICLE INFO Received: April 7, 2019. Received in revised form: April 14, 2019. Accepted: April 15, 2019. Available Online: May 5, 2019. Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Funding: This work was supported by Deputy of Research and Technology of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Grant No. 2761). _____________________________________ Asadi-Samani et al. A screening for discovering anticancer herbal drugs INTRODUCTION from Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province (Iran) and to determine their anticancer effects on breast As one of the most common and main diseases cancer cell lines. of the community, cancer has imposed tremen- dous social, economic, and mental costs on hu- MATERIAL AND METHODS mans. Globally, breast cancer has been one of the most leading cancers and the most common cancer Plant material in women. Many women every year die due to Between May to Sep 2015, the herbal samples breast cancer (The International Agency for Re- gathered from various regions of Chaharmahal va search on Cancer, 2014). Bakhtiari province (southwestern Iran) and identi- Current drugs and therapies for cancer espe- fied botanically by Miss S. Khademian in Shiraz cially breast cancer cause certain side effects and University of Medical Sciences and Dr. Shirmardi have limitations causing the incidence rate of can- in Research Center for Agricultural & Natural Re- cer to remain high despite recent advances in sources (Shahrekord, Iran). Medicinal plants in screening (Karimaian et al., 2017). It is therefore this study have been shown in the Table 1. essential to seek out more efficient and novel ther- apies to reduce severity of cancer in the light of the Preparation of extracts complications of the current treatments, the re- The aerial parts of medicinal plants were sistance of different cancers to the current drugs, cleaned and dried in the shade. The samples pow- the stupendous costs of these cures, and the high dered using a mechanical grinder. For preparation prevalence of cancers (Ghanbari et al., 2014; Mon- each extract, 100 g of plants’ powder was added to tazami et al., 2015; Tehrani et al., 2018). 400 mL of ethanol 70% at room temperature (RT) The use of nature-based products such as me- for 72 hr. The extracts were filtered and concen- dicinal plants is one of the approaches that have trated under reduced pressure using a rotary recently attracted the population attention (Youse- evaporator (LabTech, Ev 311, MA, US). The con- fi et al., 2015; Asadi-Samani et al., 2016). In this centrated hydro alcoholic extracts were dissolved regard, it seems necessary to seek out plants to in dimethyl sulfoxide 0.1% (DMSO; Sigma- fight cancer cells particularly in breast cancer, with Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) (Jadhav et al., 2012; fewer side effects, as alternatives to chemotherapy Foo et al., 2014) and then diluted in RPMI 1640 and overwhelming therapies, and treat cases who medium at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. have acquired resistance to treatment. Indeed, medicinal plants can be used to prevent and treat Preparation of cell lines diseases due to natural active compounds and, if MCF7 and MDA-MB231 as human breast ade- appropriately used, cause no considerable side nocarcinoma and HDF (Human Dermal Fibro- effects in the consumers (Kooti et al., 2017; Ab- blasts) as non-cancerous human cell line were baszadeh et al., 2018). However, medicinal plants used. Cells were obtained from National Cell Bank and their active compounds to treat specific dis- of Iran (Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran). ease(s) should be identified; in addition, the active doses of these plants and their compounds should Cell lines were cultured in Roswell Park Memo- be determined so that more effective drugs can be rial Institute medium 1640 (RPMI 1640; Gibco) produced to treat various diseases such as cancers. with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) in a humidified atmosphere with Taken together, this study designed to evaluate 5% CO2 at 37°C. antioxidant activity of twenty medicinal plants http://jppres.com/jppres J Pharm Pharmacogn Res (2019) 7(3): 214 Asadi-Samani et al. A screening for discovering anticancer herbal drugs Table 1. Iranian medicinal plants investigated in this study. No. Farsi name Region Family name Yield (%) Herbarium Scientific names code 1 Acanthophyllum glandulosum Chobak nekaei Saman Caryophyllaceae 12.58 896 Bunge ex Boiss. 2 Achillea wilhelmsii K.Koch Bomadaran Saman Compositae 10.76 207 3 Echinophora platyloba DC. Khosharozeh Saman Apiaceae 19.01 249 4 Euphorbia szovitsii Fisch. & Farfion Saman Euphorbiaceae 16.97 935 C.A.Mey. 5 Euphorbia microsciadia Boiss. Farfion Saman Euphorbiaceae 14.56 659 6 Haplophyllum perforatum (M. Morde kazeb Saman Rutaceae 4.70 150 Bieb.) Vved. 7 Hertia angustifolia (DC.) Kuntze Karghich Saman Compositae 19.32 701 8 Medicago sativa L. Yonjeh Saman Leguminosae 9.73 742 9 Moriera spinosa Boiss. Kharmarjan Shahrekord Brassicaceae
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