No Mycotoxins / Official Statement

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

MACCO ORGANIQUES INC. 100 McArthur, suite 112, Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec, Canada, J6S 4M5 Tel: (450) 371-1066, Fax: (450) 371-5519 www.macco.ca, e-mail: [email protected] THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF THE PRODUCTS BELOW ARE COVERED BY A REGISTERED FSSC-22000 FOOD SAFETY SYSTEM Date: March 28 th , 2018 Supersedes: February 06th , 2015 Official Statement Ref # : NMy E-1 No Mycotoxins / Official Statement Mycotoxins are toxins generated by fungi or molds when they contaminate crops or rotten fruits or vegetables. Macco Organiques Inc .’s products, including calcium acetate , calcium propionate , potassium acetate , potassium benzoate , sodium acetate , sodium benzoate , sodium diacetate and sodium propionate , manufactured at its Salaberry-de-Valleyfield plant, are not from an agricultural or vegetal origin. Macco’s products are the result of chemical syntheses which do not make use of vegetal or vegetal containing raw materials. In addition, based on our knowledge and controls of our incoming raw materials, manufacturing processes, controlled handling, storage and shipping of our products, there is no potential for Mycotoxins and their metabolites, like Aflatoxins, Aflatoxicol, Amatoxins, Citrinin, Cytochalasins, Ergotamine, Fumonisins, Gliotoxin, Ibotenic acid, Muscimol, Ochratoxins, Patulin, Sterigmatocystin, Trichothecenes, Vomitoxin (Deoxynivalenol), Zeranol and Zearalenone, to be present in any Macco product. Macco’s manufacturing facility is a FDA bioterrorism and C-TPAT registered facility that operates under an ISO Food Safety System FSSC 22000 (GFSI approved) and in compliance with food GMP. Pharmaceutical grade products are manufactured according to cGMPs. Macco’s facility is audited yearly. Liability : The information submitted in this document is based on current knowledge and experience. Macco Organiques Inc. does not accept any liability whatsoever in respect of the use of this information nor in respect of use, application, adaptation or processing of the product described herein. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Patulin – a Contaminant of Food and Feed: a Review
Acta fytotechn zootechn, 19, 2016(2): 64–67 http://www.acta.fapz.uniag.sk Review Patulin – a contaminant of food and feed: A review Katarína Zbyňovská*, Peter Petruška, Anna Kalafová, Marcela Capcarová Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic Article Details: Received: 2016-07-28 | Accepted: 2016-02-18 | Available online: 2016-05-31 dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.02.64–67 Contamination of food and agricultural commodities by various types of toxigenic molds (microscopic filamentous fungi) is a serious and widely neglected problem. Poor harvesting practices, improper drying, handling, packaging, storage and transport conditions contribute to fungal growth and increase the risk of mycotoxin production. Patulin is a toxic chemical contaminant produced by several species of microscopic filamentous fungi. It is the most common mycotoxin found in apples, apricots, grapes, grape fruit, peaches, pears, olives and cereals. Patulin has been reported to be a genotoxic, reprotoxic, embryotoxic, and immunosuppressive compound. Further research needs to be focused on the generation of data dealing with epidemiological and toxicity effects, especially in humans. Keywords: mycotoxin, patulin, toxicity 1 Mycotoxin patulin and as an ointment for treating fungal skin infections Mycotoxins are low-molecular-weight toxic chemical (Chalmers et al., 2004; Ciegler, 1977). However, during the compounds with low volatility, representing secondary 1950s and 1960s, it became apparent that, in addition metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi to its antibacterial, antiviral, and antiprotozoal activity, that colonize crops, in the field or post-harvest, capable patulin was toxic to both plants and animals, precluding of causing disease and death in humans and animals its clinical use as an antibiotic.
[Show full text]
COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances
COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances revised 2/4/2021 IARC list 1 are Carcinogenic to humans list compiled by Hector Acuna, UCSB IARC list Group 2A Probably carcinogenic to humans IARC list Group 2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans If any of the chemicals listed below are used in your research then complete a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the product as described in the Chemical Hygiene Plan. Prop 65 known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity Material(s) not on the list does not preclude one from completing an SOP. Other extremely toxic chemicals KNOWN Carcinogens from National Toxicology Program (NTP) or other high hazards will require the development of an SOP. Red= added in 2020 or status change Reasonably Anticipated NTP EPA Haz list COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances CAS Source from where the material is listed. 6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin, 6,7,8,9,10,10- hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-, 3-oxide Acutely Toxic Methanimidamide, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[2-methyl-4-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy]phenyl]- Acutely Toxic 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) Prop 65 KNOWN Carcinogens NTP 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) IARC list Group 2A Reasonably Anticipated NTP 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) (Lomustine) Prop 65 1-(o-Chlorophenyl)thiourea Acutely Toxic 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane IARC list Group 2B 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Prop 65 IARC list Group 2B 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p -chloropheny)ethylene (DDE) Prop 65 1,1-Dichloroethane
[Show full text]
Enhanced Representation of Natural Product Metabolism in Uniprotkb
H OH metabolites OH Article Diverse Taxonomies for Diverse Chemistries: Enhanced Representation of Natural Product Metabolism in UniProtKB Marc Feuermann 1,* , Emmanuel Boutet 1,* , Anne Morgat 1 , Kristian B. Axelsen 1, Parit Bansal 1, Jerven Bolleman 1 , Edouard de Castro 1, Elisabeth Coudert 1, Elisabeth Gasteiger 1,Sébastien Géhant 1, Damien Lieberherr 1, Thierry Lombardot 1,†, Teresa B. Neto 1, Ivo Pedruzzi 1, Sylvain Poux 1, Monica Pozzato 1, Nicole Redaschi 1 , Alan Bridge 1 and on behalf of the UniProt Consortium 1,2,3,4,‡ 1 Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (K.B.A.); [email protected] (P.B.); [email protected] (J.B.); [email protected] (E.d.C.); [email protected] (E.C.); [email protected] (E.G.); [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (D.L.); [email protected] (T.L.); [email protected] (T.B.N.); [email protected] (I.P.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (N.R.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (U.C.) 2 European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK 3 Protein Information Resource, University of Delaware, 15 Innovation Way, Suite 205, Newark, DE 19711, USA 4 Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street NorthWest, Suite 1200, Washington, DC 20007, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.F.); [email protected] (E.B.); Tel.: +41-22-379-58-75 (M.F.); +41-22-379-49-10 (E.B.) † Current address: Centre Informatique, Division Calcul et Soutien à la Recherche, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Show full text]
Mycotoxins: a Review of Dairy Concerns
Mycotoxins: A Review of Dairy Concerns L. W. Whitlow, Department of Animal Science and W. M. Hagler, Jr., Department of Poultry Science North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 Introduction mycotoxins such as the ergots are known to affect cattle and may be prevalent at times in certain feedstuffs. Molds are filamentous (fuzzy or dusty looking) fungi that occur in many feedstuffs including roughages and There are hundreds of different mycotoxins, which are concentrates. Molds can infect dairy cattle, especially diverse in their chemistry and effects on animals. It is during stressful periods when they are immune likely that contaminated feeds will contain more than one suppressed, causing a disease referred to as mycosis. mycotoxin. This paper is directed toward those Molds also produce poisons called mycotoxins that affect mycotoxins thought to occur most frequently at animals when they consume mycotoxin contaminated concentrations toxic to dairy cattle. A more extensive feeds. This disorder is called mycotoxicosis. Mycotoxins review is available in the popular press (Whitlow and are produced by a wide range of different molds and are Hagler, 2004). classified as secondary metabolites, meaning that their function is not essential to the mold’s existence. The Major toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins thought to be U.N.’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has the most prevalent and potentially toxic to dairy cattle. estimated that worldwide, about 25% of crops are affected annually with mycotoxins (Jelinek, 1987). Such surveys Fungal genera Mycotoxins reveal sufficiently high occurrences and concentrations of Aspergillus Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin, mycotoxins to suggest that mycotoxins are a constant Sterigmatocystin, Fumitremorgens, concern.
[Show full text]
New Markers in the Mycotox Profile
New Markers in the MycoTOX Profile We are happy to announce the addition of four new mycotoxin markers to our MycoTOX Profile. The test now includes 11 mycotoxins from 40 species of mold, making it by far the most comprehensive and competitively priced mycotoxin test available. It also still more sensitive and accurate than other tests available, because we use LC/MS/MS technology. Here is an overview of the four new mycotoxin markers: Gliotoxin Gliotoxin (GTX) is produced by the mold genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus spreads in the environment by releasing conidia which are capable of infiltrating the small alveolar airways of individuals. In order to evade the body’s defenses Aspergillus releases Gliotoxin to inhibit the immune system. One of the targets of Gliotoxin is PtdIns (3,4,5) P3. This results in the downregulation of phagocytic immune defense, which can lead to the exacerbation of polymicrobial infections. Gliotoxin impairs the activation of T-cells and induces apoptosis in monocytes and in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. These impairments can lead to multiple neurological syndromes. Mycophenolic Acid Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) produced by the Penicillium fungus. MPA is an immunosuppressant which inhibits the proliferation of B and T lymphocytes. MPA exposure can increase the risk of opportunistic infections such as Clostridia and Candida. MPA is associated with miscarriage and congenital malformations when the woman is exposed in pregnancy. Dihydrocitrinone Dihydrocitrinone is a metabolite of Citrinin (CTN), which is a mycotoxin that is produced by the mold species Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Monascus. CTN exposure can lead to nephropathy, because of its ability to increase permeability of mitochondrial membranes in the kidneys.
[Show full text]
Comprehensive Review of Patulin Control and Analysis in Foods
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PATULIN CONTROL AND ANALYSIS IN FOODS A Project Paper Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Professional Studies in Agriculture and Life Sciences Field of Food Science and Technology by Ana Cristina Barsallo Cochez May 2018 © 2018 Ana Cristina Barsallo Cochez ii ABSTRACT Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by a number of fungal species that include Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys genera. Several adverse health effects have been attributed to patulin—it is suspected of being clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and in higher concentrations cytotoxic, hence the importance of prevention, timely detection, and mitigation of contamination by this toxic fungal metabolite. The primary dietary origin of patulin is apples and its products, with the occasional contamination of other fruits, vegetables, and products thereof. The persistence and stability of the molecule allow it to survive processing, poses a major issue for the safety of susceptible foods. This challenge calls for techniques that will allow us to properly identify and eliminate the metabolite from food products. This paper reviews prior research on patulin focusing on detection, control, and level-reduction methods of patulin in several stages of production of these products. iii BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Ana Cristina Barsallo Cochez is pursuing a Master of Professional Studies in Food Science and Technology, immediately after the completion of her Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine from the University of Panama. Her interest in food safety grew while in vet school from bromatology courses, as well as an internship in the Food Safety Authority of Panama on her senior year.
[Show full text]
Suspect and Target Screening of Natural Toxins in the Ter River Catchment Area in NE Spain and Prioritisation by Their Toxicity
toxins Article Suspect and Target Screening of Natural Toxins in the Ter River Catchment Area in NE Spain and Prioritisation by Their Toxicity Massimo Picardo 1 , Oscar Núñez 2,3 and Marinella Farré 1,* 1 Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] 2 Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] 3 Serra Húnter Professor, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 5 October 2020; Accepted: 26 November 2020; Published: 28 November 2020 Abstract: This study presents the application of a suspect screening approach to screen a wide range of natural toxins, including mycotoxins, bacterial toxins, and plant toxins, in surface waters. The method is based on a generic solid-phase extraction procedure, using three sorbent phases in two cartridges that are connected in series, hence covering a wide range of polarities, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. The acquisition was performed in the full-scan and data-dependent modes while working under positive and negative ionisation conditions. This method was applied in order to assess the natural toxins in the Ter River water reservoirs, which are used to produce drinking water for Barcelona city (Spain). The study was carried out during a period of seven months, covering the expected prior, during, and post-peak blooming periods of the natural toxins. Fifty-three (53) compounds were tentatively identified, and nine of these were confirmed and quantified. Phytotoxins were identified as the most frequent group of natural toxins in the water, particularly the alkaloids group.
[Show full text]
Fungal Keratitis: Immune Recognition, Neutrophil-Hyphae Interactions, And
FUNGAL KERATITIS: IMMUNE RECOGNITION, NEUTROPHIL-HYPHAE INTERACTIONS, AND FUNGAL ANTI-OXIDATIVE DEFENSES by SIXTO MANUEL LEAL JR. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Thesis Advisor: Eric Pearlman, Ph.D. Department of Pathology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY August, 2012 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the dissertation of ______________________________________________________ candidate for the Ph.D. degree *. (signed)_______________________________________________ (chair of the committee) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (date) _______________________ *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. Dedication I dedicate this cumulative work to the invisible hand that has blessed my personal and academic life with incredible people, guidance, talent, courage, perseverance, and productivity. 3 Table of Contents List of Figures 7 List of Tables 9 Acknowledgements 10 List of Abbreviations 12 Abstract 14 Chapter 1. Introduction Fungi in their natural environment 16 Fungi and human disease 18 Fungi that cause human corneal infection 21 Fungal keratitis- Clinical characteristics and outcome 22 Anti-microbial Defenses at the Ocular Surface 23 Immune Recognition of Fungi 27 β2 integrins
[Show full text]
PESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT and SAFER USE ACTION PLAN(PERSUAP)
PESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT and SAFER USE ACTION PLAN(PERSUAP) By the USAID Kenya Agricultural Value Chain Enterprises (USAID-KAVES) Project Revised March 2014 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Fintrac Inc. under contract reference AID-623-C-13-00002 Fintrac Inc. www.fintrac.com [email protected] US Virgin Islands 3077 Kronprindsens Gade 72 St. Thomas, USVI 00802 Tel: (340) 776-7600 Fax: (340) 776-7601 Washington, D.C. 1400 16th Street NW, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20036 USA Tel: (202) 462-3304 Fax: (202) 462-8478 USAID-KAVES Karen Office Park 3rd Floor Baobab, Suite H Langata Road, Karen, Nairobi Prepared by Fintrac Inc. USAID-KAVES PERSUAP 3 KENYA AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN ENTERPRISES PROJECT (KAVES) PESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT and SAFER USE ACTION PLAN (PERSUAP) Revised March 20134 The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. Photos by Fintrac Inc. and Real IPM. Prepared by Fintrac Inc. INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION, AMENDMENTPESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT AND SAFER USE ACTION PLAN (PERSUAP) FOR USAID/KENYA’S KENYA AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN ENTERPRISES (KAVES) PROJECT CONTRACT NO. AID-623-C-13-00002 PROJECT NAME: Kenya Agricultural Value Chain Enterprises (KAVES) Project REGION/COUNTRY: East Africa/Kenya PROGRAM AREA: 4.5 Agriculture, Feed the Future ORIGINATING OFFICE Agriculture Business and Environment Office CURRENT DATE (as of revisions): March 2014 IEE AMENDMENT: Yes PREPARED BY: Fintrac Inc. IMPLEMENTATION START: January 16, 2013 LOP AMOUNT: $39,810,558 IMPLEMENTATION END: January 15th 2018 Filename & date of original IEE: Kenya_FY09_EconGrowth_IEE_01xx09.doc The purpose of this IEE amendment is to approve the 2013 Pesticide Evaluation Report (PER) and Safer Use Action Plan (SUAP) developed under the KAVES project and which will be used during project implementation.
[Show full text]
Comparative Characterization of G Protein Α Subunits in Aspergillus Fumigatus
pathogens Article Comparative Characterization of G Protein α Subunits in Aspergillus fumigatus Yong-Ho Choi 1, Na-Young Lee 1, Sung-Su Kim 2, Hee-Soo Park 3 and Kwang-Soo Shin 1,* 1 Department of Microbiology, Graduate School, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea; [email protected] (Y.-H.C.); [email protected] (N.-Y.L.) 2 Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea; [email protected] 3 School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 12 February 2020; Accepted: 3 April 2020; Published: 9 April 2020 Abstract: Trimeric G proteins play a central role in the G protein signaling in ﬁlamentous fungi and Gα subunits are the major component of trimeric G proteins. In this study, we characterize three Gα subunits in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. While the deletion of gpaB and ganA led to reduced colony growth, the growth of the DgpaA strain was increased in minimal media. The germination rate, conidiation, and mRNA expression of key asexual development regulators were signiﬁcantly decreased by the loss of gpaB. In contrast, the deletion of gpaA resulted in increased conidiation and mRNA expression levels of key asexual regulators. The deletion of gpaB caused a reduction in conidial tolerance against H2O2, but not in paraquat (PQ). Moreover, the DgpaB mutant showed enhanced susceptibility against membrane targeting azole antifungal drugs and reduced production of gliotoxin (GT). The protein kinase A (PKA) activity of the DganA strain was severely decreased and protein kinase C (PKC) activity was detected all strains at similar levels, indicating that all G protein α subunits of A.
[Show full text]
AVMA Guidelines for the Depopulation of Animals: 2019 Edition
AVMA Guidelines for the Depopulation of Animals: 2019 Edition Members of the Panel on Animal Depopulation Steven Leary, DVM, DACLAM (Chair); Fidelis Pharmaceuticals, High Ridge, Missouri Raymond Anthony, PhD (Ethicist); University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska Sharon Gwaltney-Brant, DVM, PhD, DABVT, DABT (Lead, Companion Animals Working Group); Veterinary Information Network, Mahomet, Illinois Samuel Cartner, DVM, PhD, DACLAM (Lead, Laboratory Animals Working Group); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama Renee Dewell, DVM, MS (Lead, Bovine Working Group); Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Patrick Webb, DVM (Lead, Swine Working Group); National Pork Board, Des Moines, Iowa Paul J. Plummer, DVM, DACVIM-LA (Lead, Small Ruminant Working Group); Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Donald E. Hoenig, VMD (Lead, Poultry Working Group); American Humane Association, Belfast, Maine William Moyer, DVM, DACVSMR (Lead, Equine Working Group); Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine, Billings, Montana Stephen A. Smith, DVM, PhD (Lead, Aquatics Working Group); Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia Andrea Goodnight, DVM (Lead, Zoo and Wildlife Working Group); The Living Desert Zoo and Gardens, Palm Desert, California P. Gary Egrie, VMD (nonvoting observing member); USDA APHIS Veterinary Services, Riverdale, Maryland Axel Wolff, DVM, MS (nonvoting observing member); Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW), Bethesda, Maryland AVMA Staff Consultants Cia L. Johnson, DVM, MS, MSc; Director, Animal Welfare Division Emily Patterson-Kane, PhD; Animal Welfare Scientist, Animal Welfare Division The following individuals contributed substantively through their participation in the Panel’s Working Groups, and their assistance is sincerely appreciated. Companion Animals—Yvonne Bellay, DVM, MS; Allan Drusys, DVM, MVPHMgt; William Folger, DVM, MS, DABVP; Stephanie Janeczko, DVM, MS, DABVP, CAWA; Ellie Karlsson, DVM, DACLAM; Michael R.
[Show full text]
Batrachotoxin Time-Resolved Absorption And
Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Research Mini Review ISSN: 2633-4291 Batrachotoxin time-resolved absorption and resonance FT-IR and raman biospectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) investigation of vibronic-mode coupling structure in vibrational spectra analysis: A spectroscopic study on an anti-gum cancer drug Alireza Heidari1,2*, Jennifer Esposito1 and Angela Caissutti1 1Faculty of Chemistry, California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA 2American International Standards Institute, Irvine, CA 3800, USA Abstract Gum cancers are cancers that arise from the gum. They are due to the development of abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. There are three main types of gum cancers: basal-cell gum cancer (BCC), squamous-cell gum cancer (SCC) and melanoma. Batrachotoxin (BTX) is an anti- gum cancer extremely potent cardiotoxic and neurotoxic steroidal alkaloid found in certain species of beetles, birds, and frogs. Batrachotoxin was derived from the Greek word βάτραχος bátrachos "frog". Structurally-related chemical compounds are often referred to collectively as batrachotoxins. It is an extremely poisonous alkaloid. In certain frogs this alkaloid is present mostly on the gum. Such frogs are among those used for poisoning darts. Batrachotoxin binds to and irreversibly opens the sodium channels of nerve cells and prevents them from closing, resulting in paralysis-no antidote is known. Parameters such as FT -IR and Raman vibrational wavelengths and intensities for single crystal Batrachotoxin are calculated using density functional theory and were compared with empirical results. The investigation about vibrational spectrum of cycle dimers in crystal with carboxyl groups from each molecule of acid was shown that it leads to create Hydrogen bonds for adjacent molecules.
[Show full text]