Priming Effect and Pre-Exposure Aggression in Siamese Fighting Fish
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Individual Versus Collective Cognition in Social Insects
Individual versus collective cognition in social insects Ofer Feinermanᴥ, Amos Kormanˠ ᴥ Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel. Email: [email protected] ˠ Institut de Recherche en Informatique Fondamentale (IRIF), CNRS and University Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France. Email: [email protected] Abstract The concerted responses of eusocial insects to environmental stimuli are often referred to as collective cognition on the level of the colony.To achieve collective cognitiona group can draw on two different sources: individual cognitionand the connectivity between individuals.Computation in neural-networks, for example,is attributedmore tosophisticated communication schemes than to the complexity of individual neurons. The case of social insects, however, can be expected to differ. This is since individual insects are cognitively capable units that are often able to process information that is directly relevant at the level of the colony.Furthermore, involved communication patterns seem difficult to implement in a group of insects since these lack clear network structure.This review discusses links between the cognition of an individual insect and that of the colony. We provide examples for collective cognition whose sources span the full spectrum between amplification of individual insect cognition and emergent group-level processes. Introduction The individuals that make up a social insect colony are so tightly knit that they are often regarded as a single super-organism(Wilson and Hölldobler, 2009). This point of view seems to go far beyond a simple metaphor(Gillooly et al., 2010)and encompasses aspects of the colony that are analogous to cell differentiation(Emerson, 1939), metabolic rates(Hou et al., 2010; Waters et al., 2010), nutrient regulation(Behmer, 2009),thermoregulation(Jones, 2004; Starks et al., 2000), gas exchange(King et al., 2015), and more. -
International Conference Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops
IOBC / WPRS Working Group „Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops“ International Conference on Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops Proceedings of the meeting at Catania, Italy 5 – 7 November 2007 Edited by: Ferran García-Marí IOBC wprs Bulletin Bulletin OILB srop Vol. 38, 2008 The content of the contributions is in the responsibility of the authors The IOBC/WPRS Bulletin is published by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publié par l‘Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, section Regionale Ouest Paléarctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright: IOBC/WPRS 2008 The Publication Commission of the IOBC/WPRS: Horst Bathon Luc Tirry Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal University of Gent Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Laboratory of Agrozoology Institute for Biological Control Department of Crop Protection Heinrichstr. 243 Coupure Links 653 D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany) B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Tel +49 6151 407-225, Fax +49 6151 407-290 Tel +32-9-2646152, Fax +32-9-2646239 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Address General Secretariat: Dr. Philippe C. Nicot INRA – Unité de Pathologie Végétale Domaine St Maurice - B.P. 94 F-84143 Montfavet Cedex (France) ISBN 978-92-9067-212-8 http://www.iobc-wprs.org Organizing Committee of the International Conference on Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops Catania, Italy 5 – 7 November, 2007 Gaetano Siscaro1 Lucia Zappalà1 Giovanna Tropea Garzia1 Gaetana Mazzeo1 Pompeo Suma1 Carmelo Rapisarda1 Agatino Russo1 Giuseppe Cocuzza1 Ernesto Raciti2 Filadelfo Conti2 Giancarlo Perrotta2 1Dipartimento di Scienze e tecnologie Fitosanitarie Università degli Studi di Catania 2Regione Siciliana Assessorato Agricoltura e Foreste Servizi alla Sviluppo Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol. -
Review of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Jordan
ANNALS OF THE UPPER SILESIAN MUSEUM IN BYTOM ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 29 (online 002): 1–26 ISSN 0867-1966, eISSN 2544-039X (online) Bytom, 30.03.2020 Lech Borowiec1 , Sebastian Salata2 Review of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Jordan http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3733156 1 Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: We present an updated checklist of ant species known from Jordan. In total we list 58 species and 26 morphospecies identified to genus or species group level. Ten species are recorded from the country for the first time: Aphaenogaster schmitzi Forel, 1910, Camponotus gestroi Emery, 1878, Camponotus rebeccae Forel, 1913, Crematogaster warburgi Menozzi, 1933, Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger, 1859), Lepisiota bipartita (Smith, 1861), Monomorium luteum Emery, 1881, Monomorium venustum (Smith, 1858), Tapinoma simrothi Krausse, 1911, and Trichomyrmex destructor (Jerdon, 1851). We also recognize 26 morphospecies which determination, due to lack of comprehensive taxonomic studies, is unachievable and some of them can represent species new to science. Furthermore, we list doubtful records of ten taxa: Camponotus aethiops (Latreille, 1798), Cataglyphis bicolor (Fabricius, 1793), Cataglyphis livida (André, 1881), Messor concolor Santschi, 1927, Messor meridionalis (André, 1883), Plagiolepis pallescens maura Santschi, 1920, Tapinoma erraticum (Latreille, 1798), Tapinoma nigerrimum (Nylander, 1856), Temnothorax luteus (Forel, 1874), and Tetramorium caespitum (Linnaeus, 1758), and discuss their possible affiliation with species of documented and certain presence in Jordan. Key words: ants, biogeography, new records, the Middle East. -
Body Painting Type Analysis Based on Biomimicry Camouflage
International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications 2020; 6(1): 1-11 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijaaa doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20200601.11 ISSN: 2472-1107 (Print); ISSN: 2472-1131 (Online) Review Article Body Painting Type Analysis Based on Biomimicry Camouflage Eun-Young Park Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea Email address: To cite this article: Eun-Young Park. Body Painting Type Analysis Based on Biomimicry Camouflage. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications. Vol. 6, No. 1, 2020, pp. 1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20200601.11 Received: November 26, 2019; Accepted: December 20, 2019; Published: January 7, 2020 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to establish a method and find a possible way of applying biomimicry camouflage in body painting. This study seeks a direction for the future of the beauty and art industry through biomimicry. For this study, we analyzed the works by classifying camouflage body painting into passive and active camouflage sections based on the application of biomimicry to the artificial camouflage system. In terms of detailed types, passive camouflage was classified into general resemblance and special resemblance, and active camouflage into adventitious resemblance and variable protective resemblance, and expression characteristics and type were derived. Passive camouflage is the work of the pictorial expressive technique using aqueous and oily body painting products. The general resemblance was expressed as a body painting of crypsis and camouflage strategies. The special resemblance is a mimicry in which the human body camouflages the whole figure of living organisms or inanimate objects. -
A New Ant Species of the Genus Tapinoma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia with a Key to the Arabian Species
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeysA 212: new 35–43 ant (2012)species of the genus Tapinoma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia... 35 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.212.3325 REVIEW ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new ant species of the genus Tapinoma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia with a key to the Arabian species Mostafa R. Sharaf1,†, Abdulrahman S. Aldawood1,‡, Magdi S. ElHawagry2,§ 1 Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, PO Box 2460, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2 Basic Sciences Department, Community College, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, P. O. Box 1598, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Project: Survey and Classification of Agricul- tural and Medical Insects in Al-Baha Province † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E2A42091-0680-4A5F-A28A-2AA4D2111BF3 ‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:477070A0-365F-4374-A48D-1C62F6BC15D1 § urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1DBA1729-FB21-44F5-A704-1767A580BA2A Corresponding author: Mostafa R. Sharaf ([email protected]) Academic editor: Brian Fisher | Received 3 May 2012 | Accepted 17 July 2012 | Published 30 July 2012 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AF8066D8-733F-401E-811D-E8AF4595C0A3 Citation: Sharaf MR, Aldawood AS, ElHawagry MS (2012) A new ant species of the genus Tapinoma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia with a key to the Arabian species. ZooKeys 212: 35–43. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.212.3325 Abstract Tapinoma wilsoni sp. n. is described and illustrated from Saudi Arabia based on the worker caste collected from Al Baha, Saudi Arabia. It closely resembles Tapinoma lugubre Santschi 1917, from Zimbabwe in body measurements but can be distinguished from the latter species by the yellowish brown color; the yellowish pubescence, the two pairs of hairs present on the anterior part of the head; and the distinctly concave anterior clypeal margin. -
Sociobiology 64(2): 146-154 (June, 2017) DOI: 10.13102/Sociobiology.V64i2.1386
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) Sociobiology 64(2): 146-154 (June, 2017) DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v64i2.1386 Sociobiology An international journal on social insects RESEARCH ARTICLE - ANTS A preliminary list of the Ant Fauna in Northeastern Sahara of Algeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) A Chemala1*, M Benhamacha1, DM Ould El Hadj2, F Marniche3, S Daoudi1 1 - Department of Forest and Agricultural Zoology, National High School of Agricultural Sciences, Algiers, Algeria 2 - Department of Naturel science, Kasdi Merbah University, Ouargla, Algeria 3 - Laboratory of Zoology, National High School of Veterinary, Algiers, Algeria Article History Abstract We present here a preliminary list of ant fauna of some study sites in the Edited by northeastern Sahara of Algeria using two methodologies, quadrat and Gilberto M. M. Santos, UEFS, Brazil Received 19 January 2017 pitfall traps (Barber-pots) methods. This work was conducted in wild and Initial acceptance 29 March 2017 agricultural ecosystems in the basin of Ouargla, El-Oued region and Djamaa Final acceptance 16 May 2017 region. We record a total of 26 species of 12 genera belonging to three Publication date 21 September 2017 subfamilies Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, and Myrmicinae. Species of the Myrmicinae and Formicinae were the most abundant with 62.96% and Keywords Monomorium Naturel areas, cultivated areas, Strumigenys 29.63% respectively. The most diverse genus was Mayr, 1855 membranifera, Sahara, myrmecofauna. (6 species), followed by Messor Forel, 1890 (5). The highest diversity of ants was in Djamaa region (24 species), followed by Ouargla (18) and El-Oued Corresponding author (13). -
<I>Tapinoma</I> Foerster, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) W
Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e66058 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e66058 Taxonomic Paper An update to the taxonomy and distribution of the Arabian Tapinoma Foerster, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with an illustrated key and remarks on habitats Mahmoud M Abdel-Dayem‡,§, Hathal Mohammed Al Dhafer|,‡, Abdulrahman S Aldawood‡, Mostafa R Sharaf‡ ‡ Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia § Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | King Saud University, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Corresponding author: Mahmoud M Abdel-Dayem ([email protected]) Academic editor: Francisco Hita Garcia Received: 17 Mar 2021 | Accepted: 24 May 2021 | Published: 27 May 2021 Citation: Abdel-Dayem MM, Al Dhafer HM, Aldawood AS, Sharaf MR (2021) An update to the taxonomy and distribution of the Arabian Tapinoma Foerster, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with an illustrated key and remarks on habitats. Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e66058. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e66058 Abstract Background Tapinoma Foerster belongs to the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae and the vast majority of its species are arboreal or generalised foragers. The genus is composed of 70 described species, 22 known subspecies and six valid fossil species worldwide, while from the Arabian Peninsula, three species have been recorded so far. New information Ants of the genus Tapinoma of the Arabian Peninsula are reviewed, keyed and illustrated, based on the worker caste. Three species are diagnosed, T. melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793), T. simrothi Krausse, 1911 and T. wilsoni Sharaf & Aldawood, 2012. We present the © Abdel-Dayem M et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
New Perspectives in Plant Protection
NEW PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT PROTECTION Edited by Ali R. Bandani New Perspectives in Plant Protection Edited by Ali R. Bandani Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Ivona Lovric Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published April, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected] New Perspectives in Plant Protection, Edited by Ali R. -
Download the Full Paper
J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2018 Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 12, No. 3, p. 93-97, 2018 http://www.innspub.net RESEARCH PAPER OPEN ACCESS Survey and taxonomical study of ants that collected from indoor in different regions of Iraq Razzaq Shalan Augul*, Hanaa Hani. Al-Saffar Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Article published on March 18, 2018 Key words: Ants, Indoor, Iraq, Survey, Taxonomical study Abstract The aim of this study to determine the worker ants, which had several important, related to human activities in different aspects; furthermore, there was no paper deals with this matter previously in Iraq. The present investigation showed, the ant worker species that found indoors, which collected from different regions of Iraq are identified; they were registered as eight species belonging to six genera under three subfamilies. The species of Monomorium brunneolucidulum Collingwood & Agosti and Monomorium rimae Collingwood & Agosti are new recorded for Iraqi fauna. Identification key to subfamilies, genera and species was designed with illustrated of the morphological characters. *Corresponding Author: Razzaq Shalan Augul [email protected] 93 | Augul and Al-Saffar J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2018 Introduction compared to the species diagnosed that stored in the The family Formicidae includes about 474 genera collection of insects and invertebrate department at belonging to 20 subfamilies more than 16, 029 Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, species have been described worldwide (Bolton, University of Baghdad. From the other hand, the 2018); ants found in all terrestrial environments, world distribution in current study based on Borowiec excluding the Polar Regions, and some Pacific Islands (2014). -
Arbeitsvorhaben 2015/2016
^o_bfqpsloe^_bk=abo=cbiiltp = = = cbiiltp Û =molgb`qp= OMNRLOMNS= Herausgeber: Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin Wallotstraße 19 14193 Berlin Tel.: +49 30 89 00 1-0 Fax: +49 30 89 00 1-300 [email protected] wiko-berlin.de Redaktion: Angelika Leuchter Redaktionsschluss: 17. Juli 2015 Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Deutschland Lizenz INHALT VORWORT ________________________________ 4 L A I T H A L - SHAWAF _________________________ 6 D O R I T B A R - ON ____________________________ 8 TATIANA BORISOVA ________________________ 10 V I C T O R I A A . BRAITHWAITE __________________ 12 JANE BURBANK ____________________________ 14 ANNA MARIA BUSSE BERGER __________________ 16 T I M C A R O ________________________________ 18 M I R C E A C Ă RTĂ RESCU _______________________ 20 B A R B A R A A . CASPERS _______________________ 22 DANIEL CEFAÏ _____________________________ 24 INNES CAMERON CUTHIL L ___________________ 26 LORRAINE DASTON _________________________ 28 CLÉMENTINE DELISS ________________________ 30 HOLGER DIESSEL ___________________________ 32 ELHADJI IBRAHIMA DIO P ____________________ 34 PAULA DROEGE ____________________________ 36 DIETER EBERT _____________________________ 38 FINBARR BARRY FLOOD ______________________ 40 RAGHAVENDRA GADAGKAR __________________ 42 PETER GÄRDENFORS ________________________ 44 LUCA GIULIANI ____________________________ 46 SUSAN GOLDIN - MEADOW ____________________ 48 M I C H A E L D . GORDIN ________________________ 50 -
Escape Distance in Ground-Nesting Birds Differs with Individual Level of Camouflage
ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE Escape distance in ground-nesting birds differs with individual level of camouflage AUTHORS Wilson-Aggarwal, J; Troscianko, J; Stevens, M; et al. JOURNAL American Naturalist DEPOSITED IN ORE 30 March 2016 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/20871 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication Escape distance in ground-nesting birds differs with individual level of camouflage Authors: J.K. Wilson-Aggarwal*1, J.T. Troscianko1, M. Stevens†1 and C.N. Spottiswoode2,3 Corresponding Authors: * [email protected] † [email protected] 1 Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK. 2 University of Cambridge, Department of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK 3 DST-NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa Key words Camouflage, background matching, escape behaviour, ground-nesting birds, incubation To be published as an article with supplementary materials in the expanded online edition. Includes: Abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, figure 1, figure 2, table 1, online appendix A, figure A1 and table A1. 1 Abstract Camouflage is one of the most widespread anti-predator strategies in the animal kingdom, yet no animal can match its background perfectly in a complex environment. Therefore, selection should favour individuals that use information on how effective their camouflage is in their immediate habitat when responding to an approaching threat. -
Establishing the Behavioural Limits for Countershaded Camouflage
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Establishing the behavioural limits for countershaded camoufage Olivier Penacchio1, Julie M. Harris1 & P. George Lovell2 Countershading is a ubiquitous patterning of animals whereby the side that typically faces the highest Received: 15 June 2017 illumination is darker. When tuned to specifc lighting conditions and body orientation with respect to Accepted: 20 September 2017 the light feld, countershading minimizes the gradient of light the body refects by counterbalancing Published: xx xx xxxx shadowing due to illumination, and has therefore classically been thought of as an adaptation for visual camoufage. However, whether and how crypsis degrades when body orientation with respect to the light feld is non-optimal has never been studied. We tested the behavioural limits on body orientation for countershading to deliver efective visual camoufage. We asked human participants to detect a countershaded target in a simulated three-dimensional environment. The target was optimally coloured for crypsis in a reference orientation and was displayed at diferent orientations. Search performance dramatically improved for deviations beyond 15 degrees. Detection time was signifcantly shorter and accuracy signifcantly higher than when the target orientation matched the countershading pattern. This work demonstrates the importance of maintaining body orientation appropriate for the displayed camoufage pattern, suggesting a possible selective pressure for animals to orient themselves appropriately to enhance crypsis. Te evolution of animal coloration is afected by several constraints including communication, thermoregulation, protection against ultra-violet radiation and visual camoufage1–3. Countershading is a patterning where the parts of the body that usually face the direction of maximum illumination, usually the back, are darker than parts facing in the opposite direction4,5.