Ark Single Player Summon a Tusoteuthis
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Sea Monsters: a Prehiistoriic Adventure Summatiive Evalluatiion Report
Sea Monsters: A Prehiistoriic Adventure Summatiive Evalluatiion Report Prepared for Natiionall Geographiic Ciinema Ventures By Valleriie Kniight-Wiilllliiams, Ed.D. Diivan Wiilllliiams Jr., J.D. Chriistiina Meyers, M.A. Ora Sraboyants, B.A. Wiith assiistance from: Stanlley Chan Eveen Chan Eva Wiilllliiams Daviid Tower Mason Bonner-Santos Knight-Williams Research Communications November 2008 This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No. 0514981. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Knight-Williams Table of Contents CREDITS............................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 THEATER CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 METHOD............................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 SAMPLE INFORMATION............................................................................................................................................................... -
Tusoteuthis Longa ROCK ROCK UNIT COLUMN PERIOD EPOCH AGES MILLIONS of YEARS AGO Common Name: Holocene Oahe .01 Giant Squid
North Dakota Stratigraphy Tusoteuthis longa ROCK ROCK UNIT COLUMN PERIOD EPOCH AGES MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO Common Name: Holocene Oahe .01 Giant squid Coleharbor Pleistocene QUATERNARY Classification: 1.8 Pliocene Unnamed 5 Miocene Class: Cephalopoda 25 Arikaree Order: Teuthida Family: Kelaenidae Brule Oligocene 38 South Heart Chadron Chalky Buttes Camels Butte Eocene Golden 55 Valley Bear Den Pen (hard support structure) of the giant squid, Tuseteuthis, Sentinel Butte superimposed on a sketch of the squid. Pen is 2 meters long. TERTIARY Cretaceous Pierre Shale. Cavalier County. North Dakota State Fossil Collection. Bullion Paleocene Creek Description: Tusoteuthis longa was a giant squid that inhabited the Pierre Sea Slope that covered North Dakota about 80 million years ago. These Cannonball ancient squids had a rigid support structure in their body called a Ludlow pen or gladius. The pen was in many ways similar to a back bone 65 but made of shelly material and not bone. The pens are found as Hell Creek fossils. Some of these squids grew to lengths of 15 feet or more. They lived in the Pierre Sea with sharks, mosasaurs, and many Fox Hills other animals. ACEOUS Pierre CRET 84 Niobrara Carlile Carbonate Calcareous Shale Claystone/Shale Siltstone Sandstone Sand & Gravel Mudstone Lignite Glacial Drift Giant squid, Tusoteuthis, battleing a mosasaur. Image from the Morden Museum, Morden, Manitoba Locations where fossils have been found ND State Fossil Collection Prehistoric Life of ND Map North Dakota Geological Survey Home Page. -
Ecomorphological Selectivity Among Marine
\SUPPORTING APPENDIX FOR ECOMORPHOLOGICAL SELECTIVITY AMONG MARINE TELEOST FISHES DURING THE END-CRETACEOUS EXTINCTION Matt Friedman Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th St., Chicago, IL 60637 and Department of Geology, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr., Chicago, IL 60605 <[email protected]> 1 Table of contents. I. Dataset assembly procedures. 3 II. Groups of fishes analyzed. 6 III. Maastrichtian fishes (observed plus implied): trait values. 47 Supporting table 1 47 IV. Complete logistic regression results. 50 Supporting table 2 50 Supporting table 3 51 Supporting table 4 52 V. Global topology for independent contrasts analysis. 53 Supporting figure 1 54 VI. Phylogenetically independent contrasts: values. 55 Supporting table 5 55 Supporting table 6 56 Supporting table 7 57 Supporting table 8 59 VII. Stratigraphic occurrences of extinction victims. 61 Supporting figure 2 62 Supporting figure 3 63 Supporting figure 4 64 VIII. Dietary evidence for select extinction victims. 65 Supporting table 9 65 IX. References. 66 2 I. Dataset assembly procedures. Stratigraphic conventions. Taxon occurrences are placed at the top of the interval in which they occur. In the case of taxa ranging through multiple stages, the terminal is placed in the stage from which the measured fossil example(s) derive. Fossil localities of uncertain dating (i.e., those whose dating is given by more than one stage) are binned in the geologically youngest stage with which they are associated. Branching between sister clades is placed 1 Ma below the first occurrence of the group with the oldest fossil exemplar included in the study. Throughout, dates of stage boundaries follow those in Gradstein et al. -
A Diphyletic Taxon?
Berliner paläobiologische Abhandlungen 10 181-192 Berlin 2009-11-11 Octobrachia - a diphyletic taxon? Dirk Fuchs Abstract: Until today, the phylogenetic origin of the Octopoda and the Cirroctopoda is poorly understood, since a gladius that unambiguously links the fin supports of the both groups is still unknown from the fossil record. The present article summarises previous ideas concerning the phylogenetic and morphogenetic origin of the Octobrachia. Besides a general introduction into the gladius morphology of some coleoid families, the author focuses on two families whose gladii are well known, but which have never been considered before as potential ancestors of the Octobrachia: the Muensterellidae and the Palaeololiginidae. The author finally proposes three different phylogenetic scenarios for the derivation of the Octopoda and Ciroctopoda: A) a monophyletic origin from muensterellids, B) a monophyletic origin from palaeololiginids and C) a diphyletic origin from muensterellids and palaeololiginids. Zusammenfassung: Bis heute ist der phylogenetische Ursprung der Octopoda und Cirroctopoda ungeklärt, da der Fossilbericht noch keinen Gladiustypen hervorgebracht hat, der die Gladiusrudimente dieser beiden Gruppen eindeutig verbinden könnte. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst die früheren Vorstellungen über den phylogenetischen und morphogenetischen Ursprung der Octobrachia zusammen. Neben einer allgemeinen Vorstellung von Gladien verschiedener Coleoidenfamilien stellt der Autor zwei Familien genauer vor, deren Gladien zwar gut bekannt sind, aber noch nie als mögliche Vorläufer der Octobrachia in Betracht gezogen wurden: die Muensterellidae und die Palaeololiginidae. Abschliessend stellt der Autor drei verschiedene phylogenetische Szenarien für der Ableitungen der Octopoda und Cirroctopoda vor: A) einen mono- phyletischen Ursprung von Muensterelliden, B) einen monophyletischen Ursprung von Palaeololiginiden und C) einen diphyletischen Ursprung von Muensterelliden und Palaeololiginiden. -
Paleo Primer 2 North Dakota’S Cretaceous Underwater World
Paleo Primer 2 North Dakota’s Cretaceous Underwater World Becky M. S. Barnes, Clint A. Boyd, and Jeff J. Person North Dakota Geological Survey Educational Series #35 All fossils within this publication that reside in the North Dakota State Fossil Collection are listed with their catalog numbers. North Dakota Geological Survey 600 East Boulevard Bismarck, ND 58505 https://www.dmr.nd.gov/ndfossil/ Copyright 2018 North Dakota Geological Survey. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial 4.0 International License. You are free to share (to copy, distribute, and transmit this work) for non-commercial purposes, as long as credit is given to NDGS. Cover: Mosasaur, 2017, by Becky Barnes Paleo Primer 2: North Dakota’s Cretaceous Underwater World Becky M. S. Barnes, Clint A. Boyd, and Jeff J. Person North Dakota Geological Survey Educational Series #35 1 Water water everywhere... North Dakota is a landlocked state – dry land on all sides. In prehistoric times, that wasn’t always the case. The amount of ice locked in polar glaciers determines how much water is available in the world’s oceans. We live in a time when there is quite a lot of ice locked away, which means more land is available to live on. The amount of ice at the poles has changed many times; during warm periods when the polar ice caps were absent, our oceans expanded to fill areas that today are above sea-level. One such expansion was called the Western Interior Seaway. This seaway was so large it split North America in two, connecting the Arctic Ocean with the Gulf of Mexico. -
First Discovery of the Soft‐Body Imprint of an Oligocene Fossil Squid Indicates Its Piscivorous Diet
First discovery of the soft‐body imprint of an Oligocene fossil squid indicates its piscivorous diet ALEKSANDR A. MIRONENKO , MAXIM S. BOIKO, ALEXANDRE F. BANNIKOV, ALEXANDER I. ARKHIPKIN, VIACHESLAV A. BIZIKOV AND MARTIN KOŠŤÁK Mironenko, A. A., Boiko, M. S., Bannikov, A. F., Arkhipkin, A. I., Bizikov, V. A., & Košťák, M. 2021: First discovery of the soft‐body imprint of an Oligocene fossil squid indicates its piscivorous diet. Lethaia, https://doi.org/10.1111/let.12440. The first well‐preserved soft‐body imprint of a fossil squid was discovered from the Lower Oligocene of the Krasnodar region, Russia. The squid is perfectly preserved, with many details of its body available for study, such as imprints of eyes and head, a pair of statoliths, jaws, and stomach contents. Statoliths of this squid are the first finds of in situ statoliths in fossil non‐belemnoid coleoids, and their shape is characteristic of the genus Loligo (family Loliginidae). Although some Mesozoic coleoids were previ- ously classified as teuthids, these finds remain controversial and the squid described herein is the first unquestionable representative of fossil Teuthida known to date. It should be noted that the squid is preserved not due to phosphatization, which is typical for fossil coleoids, but by pyritization and carbonization. Numerous fish remains in the stomach contents of the squid indicate its piscivorous diet. A small cutlassfish Anenche- lum angustum, which was buried together with the squid and whose bones are located near the squid's jaws, sheds light on the circumstances of the death of this animal. Most likely, the squid suffocated in the anoxic bottom waters, where it drowned along with its last prey (distraction sinking). -
Proceedings of the 3Rd International Symposium Coleoid Cephalopods Through Time
Proceedings of the Dirk Fuchs (editor) 3rd international symposium Coleoid Cephalopods Through Time international symposium symposium international Luxembourg rd 8th - 11th October 2008 Coleoid Cephalopods Through Time Through Cephalopods Coleoid Proceedings 3 Proceedings Dirk Fuchs (editor) Ferrantia Travaux scientifiques du Musée national d'histoire naturelle Luxembourg www.mnhn.lu 59 2010 Ferrantia 59 2010 2010 59 Ferrantia 59 Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium Coleoid Cephalopods Through Time Luxembourg 8th - 11th October 2008 Dirk Fuchs (editor) Luxembourg, 2010 Travaux scientifiques du Musée national d'histoire naturelle Luxembourg Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium Coleoid Cephalopods Through Time Luxembourg 8th - 11th October 2008 Dirk Fuchs (editor) Contents Preface 5 In memoriam Winfried Haas (1934-2007) K. Bandel 6 It's All in the Cues: Octopuses (Enteroctopus dofleini) Learn to Open Jars Roland C. Anderson, Jennifer A. Mather 8 The 'yolk organ' of cephalopod embryos: on transient functions from crawling substratum to provisional knapsack S. von Boletzky 14 Non-invasive methods of identifying and tracking wild squid. R. A. Byrne, J. B. Wood, R. C. Anderson, U. Griebel, J. A. Mather 22 Characterization of the adhesive organ of Idiosepius biserialis Voss, 1962 and Idiosepius pygmaeus Steenstrup, 1881 (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) N. Cyran, W. Klepal, J. von Byern 32 A radula and associated cephalic remains of a Late Carboniferous coleoid from Oklahoma, USA L. A. Doguzhaeva, R. H. Mapes, S. Bengtson, H. Mutvei 37 The first diplobelid coleoid from the Cenomanian of south-eastern India D. Fuchs, A. Vartak, G. Kendrick, M. Ghare 51 A rare and unusual teudopseid coleoid from the Upper Cretaceous of Hâqel (Lebanon) D.Fuchs 61 A new Plesioteuthis with beak from the Kimmeridgian of Nusplingen (Germany) Ch. -
8 International Symposium Cephalopods
8th International Symposium Cephalopods – Present and Past August 30 – September 3, 2010 Abstracts Volume University of Burgundy & CNRS Dijon - France http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/cephalopods/ Honorary Committee Sigurd von Boletzky, DR CNRS - Banyuls-sur-Mer - France Raymond Enay, Prof. University of Lyon Lyon - France Didier Marchand, University of Burgundy Dijon - France Jacques Thierry, Prof. University of Burgundy Dijon - France Scientific committee Giambattista Bello, ARION, Mola di Bari - Italy Vyacheslav Bizikov, Russian Federal Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscou - Russia Christian Klug, Universitaet Zuerich, Zurich - Switzerland Neil. H. Landman, American Museum of Natural History, New York - USA Pascal Neige, University of Burgundy, Dijon - France Isabelle Rouget, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris - France Kazushige Tanabe, University of Tokyo, Tokyo - Japan Margareth Yacobuci, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green - USA Organizing committee Pascal Neige, University of Burgundy – France Isabelle Rouget, University Pierre and Marie Curie – France Alex Bauer, CNRS, University of Burgundy – France Arnaud Brayard, CNRS, University of Burgundy – France Guillaume Dera, University of Burgundy – France Jean-Louis Dommergues, CNRS, University of Burgundy – France Emmanuel Fara, University of Burgundy – France Myette Guiomar, Rserve Gologique de Haute-Provence Digne-les Bains, France Clotilde Hardy, University of Burgundy – France Isabella Kruta, MNHN – France Rémi Laffont, CNRS, University of Burgundy -
Tusoteuthis Longa: North Dakota's 80-Million-Year-Old Giant Squid
by John W. Hoganson Introducti on Dakota Geological Survey’s public fossil dig program, were Occasionally I am asked if I have ever found a fossil that I cannot conducted at this Pembina Gorge site and studies conti nue there at the ti me identi fy. This doesn’t happen very oft en, but maybe to this day (fi g 3). more oft en than I care to admit. The discovery of the gladius of the giant squid, Tusoteuthis longa, was one of those fossils So far, several hundred fossils have been recovered. Most of (Hoganson, 2009a). In 2002, during one of our public fossil digs at these fossils are disarti culated, isolated skeletal parts of several the Pembina Gorge site a large, odd shaped cylindrical fossil was vertebrate taxa. They are encrusted and impregnated with found in the Late Cretaceous (about 80-million-year-old) Pierre gypsum and are poorly preserved. Vertebrate taxa found include Shale. The fossil appeared to be a piece of petrifi ed wood because mosasaurs (Plioplatecarpus, mosasaur indet.), fi sh (Enchodus, of its branch-like shape and faintly preserved concentric layering Xiphacti nus, Stratodus), plesiosaurs(?), and birds (Hesperornis in cross secti on. But the Pierre Shale was deposited in a shallow regalis). Only one invertebrate fossil, Tusoteuthis longa, has been marine environment where petrifi ed wood is generally not found. discovered at this site (Hoganson, 2009a, 2009b). Further excavati on revealed that the fossil was the remains of a rare giant squid (fi g. 1). Locati on and strati graphy of the Pembina Gorge Site The Pembina Gorge site is located near Walhalla in Cavalier County, In 1996, the Ralph Werven family was hiking in the beauti ful and northeastern North Dakota not far from the Canadian border (fi g. -
Searex Educatorsguide.Pdf
A WORD FROM THE FILMMAKERS “After intense research and discussions “‘Sea Rex: Journey to a Prehistoric with various specialists, we came to the World’ is the perfect symbiosis of realization five years ago that there was entertainment and scientific content. astonishingly little information available This film is very much my childhood “ on the marine reptiles that lived, in part, dreams come true: I get to see these at the same time as the dinosaurs. That animals that I've studied for years is tremendously surprising given just come to life right before my eyes. how fascinating these animals are with They are not just incredibly realistic their size, ability for predation, longevity but also entirely scientifically and perfect adaptation to the marine accurate in terms of their morphology and respective environment. We very carefully selected actions in the film. This Educators’ Guide is an invaluable the reptiles featured in the film and chose tool not only for teachers but for everyone, and is a the dominant marine reptile groups of perfect complement to the screening of the film.” the time to represent each of the periods of the Mesozoic era: ichthyosaurs in the Dr. Nathalie Bardet, Main Scientific Advisor Triassic, plesiosaurs in the Jurassic and CNRS/National Museum of Natural History mosasaurs in the Cretaceous. We hope that educators and students alike will be entertained while also learning about the This Educators’ and Activities Guide was written by prehistoric underwater world and its Drs. Stéphane Jouve and Peggy Vincent in collaboration with inhabitants, which most people know so Dr. Nathalie Bardet, CNRS/National Museum of Natural History. -
Maastrichtian Ceratisepia and Mesozoic Cuttlebone Homeomorphs
Maastrichtian Ceratisepia and Mesozoic cuttlebone homeomorphs ROGER A. HEWITT and JOHN W.M. JAGT Hewitt, R.A. & Jagt, J.W.M. 1999. Maastrichtian Ceratisepia and Mesozoic cuttlebone homeomorphs. -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 44,3,305-326. The phylogenetics of potential Mesozoic ancestors of cuttlefish of a restricted order Sepiida von Zittel, 1895 (superorder Decabrachia Boettger, 1952) is reviewed. Micro- structural studies of Mesozoic homeomorphs of cuttlebones (Pearceiteuthis gen. n., Loligosepia, Trachyteuthis, Actinosepia) are consistent with their assignement to the superorder Octobrachia Fioroni, 1981. The discovery of an embryonic Ceratisepia shell in the upper Maastrichtian of the Netherlands, indicates that true Sepiida did have a pre-Cenozoic origin. Cretaceous decabrachs of the order Spirulida Stolley, 1919 do not show evidence of the dorso-anterior shell growth vectors seen in Cenozoic spirulids, sepiids and octobrachs. Separate origins of the Sepiida and Spirulida within Cretaceous diplobelinid belemnites is still the most attractive hypothesis. Ceratisepia vanknippen- bergi sp. n. from the upper Maastrichtian of the Netherlands and Pearceiteuthis buyi gen. et sp. n. from the Callovian of England are described. Key words : Cephalopods, cuttlefish, ontogeny, biornineralization, Mesozoic. Roger A. Hewitt, 12 Fairj-leld Road, Eastwood, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex SS9 5SB, United Kingdom. John W.M. Jagt [[email protected]], Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht, P.O. Box 882, NL-6200 AW Maastricht, the Netherlands. Introduction Cuttlebones are those dorsally hard and spherulitic, but ventrally soft and septate, aragonitic shells that invade beaches (Cadee 1997) and can be seen being sold to the owners of caged birds in pet shops. They are the expanded and highly modified inter- nal phragmocones of cephalopods (Bandel & von Boletzky 1979) and belong to a di- verse group of cuttlefish that appeared in the Rupelian (Szordnyi 1934; Hewitt & Pedley 1978; Engeser 1990). -
The First Global Deep-Sea Stable Isotope Assessment Reveals the Unique Trophic Ecology of Vampire Squid Vampyroteuthis Infernalis (Cephalopoda)
University of South Florida Digital Commons @ University of South Florida USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications USF Faculty Publications 2020 The first global deep-sea stable isotope assessment reveals the unique trophic ecology of Vampire Squid Vampyroteuthis infernalis (Cephalopoda) A. V. Golikov F. R. Ceia R. M. Sabirov J. D. Ablett Ian G. Gleadall See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/fac_publications Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Golikov, A. V., Ceia, F. R., Sabirov, R. M., Ablett, J. D., Gleadall, I. G., Gudmundsson, G., … Xavier, J. C. (2019). The first global deep-sea stable isotope assessment reveals the unique trophic ecology of Vampire Squid Vampyroteuthis infernalis (Cephalopoda). Scientific Reports, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-019-55719-1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the USF Faculty Publications at Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. It has been accepted for inclusion in USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors A. V. Golikov, F. R. Ceia, R. M. Sabirov, J. D. Ablett, Ian G. Gleadall, Gudmundur Gudmundsson, Henk-Jan T. Hoving, and Heather L. Judkins This article is available at Digital Commons @ University of South Florida: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/ fac_publications/3949 www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The frst global deep-sea stable isotope assessment reveals the unique trophic ecology of Vampire Squid Vampyroteuthis infernalis (Cephalopoda) Alexey V.