SaveHow to Kiwi

YOUR GUIDE TO HELPING SAVE OUR NATIONAL BIRD

Photo: BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust

This guide accompanies the “How to Save Kiwi” training DVD. Table of Contents

1 About Kiwi Community Efforts 5 Five Species 6 A Versatile Bird 6 A Biological Oddity 7 The Threats Kiwi Face 7

2 Predator Control & Monitoring The Threats 9 First Things First 9 Types of Control 10 – Stoats 10 – Ferrets 12 – Rats 12 – Cats and Dogs 13 – Possums 14 – Hedgehogs 15 – Pigs 16 Keep Good Records 17

3 Cats and Dogs Cats 19 – Wild Cats 19 – Traps 20 – Poison 21 – House Cats Also Kill Kiwi 21 Dogs 22 – What You Can Do 22 – Hunting Dogs 23 – Helpful Resources 23

2 CONTENTS PAGE

4 BNZ Operation Nest EggTM The Beginning 25 How it Works 25 The Benefi ts 26 Advocating for Kiwi 26 Buying Time 27

5 Call Count Monitoring Types of Monitoring 29 Kiwi Call Count Monitoring Training Package 30 Setting up a Monitoring Programme 30 Specialised Monitoring Methods 31

6 Habitat Protection Adaptable Birds 33 Living with Kiwi 33 Long-Term Protection 33

7 Kiwi and Forestry Kiwi-Friendly Forestry 35 Other Things You Can Do 37 Find Out More 37

8 Starting a Kiwi Protection Project in Your Community Co-operative Efforts 39 The First Thing 40 Funding 40 Other Resources 41 Find Out More 41

9 Resources to Save Kiwi 42

3 4 CHAPTER 1 once been common. on themainland, disappearingfrom placeswheretheyhad researchers and scientistsdiscovered thatkiwiweredyingout national birdwouldalways bearound,intheearly1990s While manyofustook it forgrantedthatourquirkyfl trouble. Mainlandpopulations werehalvingevery15-20years. It wasn’t solongagothatwerealisedkiwiwereintrouble.Big About Kiwi ightless Photo: DepartmentofConservation CHAPTER 1 : About Kiwi

The main cause of declining kiwi thousands of people around the country populations is predators – especially are working hard to help save kiwi. stoats and dogs. Stoats are particularly We are learning more all the time, and devastating for young chicks, while improving what we do to make our efforts dogs kill adult birds. more effective.

Since the spotlight went onto kiwi, we The difference we are making – iwi, have learned a great deal about them, community volunteers, scientists, including that ensuring their survival researchers, Department of Conservation on the mainland was too big a job for fi eld workers – proves we can make the Department of Conservation on its a huge positive contribution to the on. New Zealanders rallied, and today kiwi’s future.

Community Efforts More than 80 community-based kiwi The Trust, a partnership between BNZ, groups operate around the country, the Department of Conservation and with volunteers protecting more than Forest and Bird, also puts a lot of energy 60,000 hectares of kiwi land. into advocating for kiwi. A big emphasis is on encouraging dog owners to keep their They kill kiwi predators, raise awareness pets in check so that they don’t kill kiwi. about kiwi’s plight, and work with district and regional councils and other agencies.

The backbone for community efforts is the BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust, which provides funding, resources, and access to expertise and advice, including this booklet and the DVD that make up the “How to Save Kiwi” kit. Many community-led projects receive fi nancial support from the Trust. Photo: Moana Bianchin

This booklet and the DVD are a good place to begin if you want to learn more about how you can help. More information is also available on the BNZ Save the Kiwi website – www.savethekiwi.org.nz

5 Five Species Whangarei Taranga/Hen Is Five species of kiwi are recognised, and Whakau/Red Mercury Is each is threatened. Moehau They are the brown kiwi (which has four Tiritiri Matangi Is forms), little spotted kiwi, great spotted Motuihe Is kiwi, rowi and tokoeka (which also has four forms). Tongariro

Five kiwi sanctuaries are managed by the Department of Conservation to protect Kapiti Is different species or special populations. Long Is The three North Island sanctuaries protect brown kiwi and are at Whangarei, Moehau and Tongariro. Karori Wildlife Sanctuary The two South Island sanctuaries protect the Okarito two rarest kiwi. Rowi are in the Okarito Haast sanctuary, while Brown Kiwi Haast tokoeka Great Spotted Kiwi are in the Haast Little Spotted Kiwi sanctuary. Rowi Tokoeka Kiwi Sanctuaries Chalky Is

A Versatile Bird Kiwi are versatile birds.

Some live on the coast, digging in sand; some live among snowy tussock high in the mountains; while others live in the many spaces that lie between – forest, scrub, rough farmland, swamps and even

pine forests. Colbourne - DOC Photo: Rogan

All the birds really need is a good supply berries – and a place to nest and shelter – of the food they like to eat – grubs, a burrow, hollow log, under a rock or in a crickets, snails, worms, spiders, fruit and clump of vegetation.

6 CHAPTER 1 : About Kiwi

A Biological Oddity One thing that makes kiwi so special is their biology, which is very different to most birds. Photo: Department of Conservation For example, the kiwi’s powerful muscular legs are heavy and marrow-fi lled, like a Kiwi are the only birds with mammal’s, and make up a third of the nostrils at the end of their beak bird’s weight. Most bird skeletons are light and fi lled with air sacs to enable fl ight. The huge yolk and long incubation allow Unlike other birds, a kiwi’s nostrils are at the chick to emerge as a mini adult, fully the end of its beak, like a human nose. feathered and able to feed itself – which is And like us, its eye sockets are divided very unusual for a bird. by large nasal cavities – in most birds, eye sockets are separated by a plate. A kiwi’s plumage is shaggy and hair-like, Kiwi eyes are quite small and its eyesight and it has cat-like whiskers on its face and is not particularly good, but its big ears around the base of its beak. These tactile and large scent organ help it navigate the super-sensitive way-fi nding whiskers night forest. probably evolved to help the bird feel its way through the dark. A female kiwi produces a large egg, which weighs 15-20% of her body weight and Find out more about what makes kiwi so is six times bigger than for most birds of different and special at: her size. www.savethekiwi.org.nz

The Threats Kiwi Face The kiwi’s troubles begin in its burrow. About half of all eggs laid don’t even hatch – either due to natural bacteria, or because the egg is disturbed.

Even if a chick does emerge, 70% never Of the 10% of wild chicks that do make reach six months – most are killed by stoats, it to six months of age, only half achieve or sometimes cats. Another 20% die from adulthood. natural causes or other predators. That means just 5% of all hatched chicks become adults. And even then they are A kiwi egg is large relative not safe. to the size of the female Dogs and ferrets can kill adult birds.

That’s why the work of BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust, with your support, is so important.

Photo: Department of Conservation 7 Stoat inFenntrap(underplastictunnel) 8 CHAPTER 2 them isthemostimportant thingwecandotohelpsavekiwi. Today, predators aretheworstproblem,andcontrolling other nativebirds. Land clearanceusedtobethebiggestthreatfor kiwiand & Monitoring Predator Control Control

Photo: Wendy Sporle CHAPTER 2 : Predator Control & Monitoring

The Threats The biggest threat to kiwi chicks comes from stoats and cats, while dogs and ferrets are particularly hard on adult birds, which means we lose breeding populations.

Other introduced animals are also hard on kiwi. Possums kill both chicks and adult birds, destroy eggs and steal kiwi burrows to live in themselves. Pigs destroy eggs and can kill adult kiwi.

While hedgehogs, rodents and weasels don’t kill kiwi, they do cause other problems. They compete for the same food, and are preyed on by the same predators that attack kiwi, helping to keep stoat and cat numbers high.

First Things First Before you begin killing kiwi predators, You can fi nd guidelines and advice it’s important to learn about these on www.savethekiwi.org.nz, in the animals and the law of unintended ‘Resources to Save Kiwi’. section consequences. It’s also good to target predator control to For example, if you remove just rats, the times of year when the pest animals what will the stoats eat? If you take out can have the worst effect on kiwi. stoats, what will happen to rabbit and mice numbers?

There are best practice guidelines and experienced trappers available to help you work out the right programme and avoid any hidden negative ripples.

Kiwi with signs of stoat predation bites on the neck Photo: Wendy Sporle Photo: Wendy

Photo: Dr Shaun Ogilvie, Lincoln University For example, with stoats, that is when the young leave their dens, from October/November through to March. This coincides with when kiwi chicks weigh less than 1 kilogram and are at Possum beside a philproof bait station their most vulnerable.

9 Types of Control Stoats There are many different types Stoats are one of three mustelid of trap, and new ones are being species introduced to New Zealand developed all the time. – the others are ferrets and weasels.

While it is important to follow the Stoats are the most abundant and recommended best practice for each widespread. They are active during the one, there are basic principals that can day, and especially good climbers and be applied to most equipment. swimmers.

Two important things to remember are: They are opportunists and eat anything • Take health and safety precautions – rodents, birds, weta, lizards and kiwi to avoid being injured by traps, or chicks. They kill more than 50% of catching a disease from handling all kiwi chicks in areas where they are dead animals or tainted traps. not controlled. • Be careful to make sure your traps are set to only catch the animal you TRAPS are targeting. We don’t want to put Stoats are notoriously diffi cult to trap, any other species at risk – especially so be prepared to experiment with kiwi. For example, for leg-hold traps, different sites, different tunnel types that means setting them at least 75 and different lures, and to take time centimetres above the ground. and care when positioning or setting the trap. Different agencies and projects can prefer different kinds of trap. Check trap lines every two to three weeks over summer – refresh the baits This booklet briefl y looks at devices and spring each trap. most likely to be used by communities to catch different predators. In winter, trap checks can be less frequent as bait keeps longer and You can get more detailed information stoats are generally less active. about what will work best in your area by talking with staff at your local Department of Conservation offi ce and A stoat caught in a DOC 200 trap regional council, or your local Landcare representative. Practical demonstrations and ideas are provided on the How to Photo: Darren Peters Save Kiwi DVD.

10 CHAPTER 2 : Predator Control & Monitoring

Trapping is usually done with DOC 150 Two-trap tunnels are very effective. With or DOC 200 or fenn kill traps; Victor the bait in the middle between the traps, and Timms traps are less effective for the pest animal is forced to cross over a stoats. Traps must be set under covers trap to get to it. as all three mustelids are particularly If using only one trap, a fi ne mesh at the attracted to tunnels. The Department of bait end means the stoat can see it, but Conservation website has a handout on has to enter the tunnel from the other end tunnel designs (visit www.doc.govt.nz – and go over the trap to reach it. Salted do a search for stoats). rabbit bait works well, as do eggs, fi sh and rodents.

Place traps under a little overhead vegetation along streams, tracks, roads, fencelines and ridges, as these could be routes for stoats.

Space them 100–200 metres apart around the edge of a small bush block. If a larger block is being controlled, you’ll need trap lines through the whole forest. Space traps about 100–200 metres apart along lines that are up to 1 kilometre apart. At the time of publication, self-setting traps have just been introduced. Because Stoat populations recover very quickly so they can be set with long-life bait, they will you must persist with control if you want only need to be checked a couple of time to gain long-term benefi ts. a year, and have the potential to increase the area where stoats are controlled.

11 Ferret in a double set of Fenn traps Photo: Malcolm Pullman which are under a wooden tunnel

Rats New Zealand has four species of rodent: kiore, Norway rat, ship rat and the house mouse. All were introduced.

Kiore are regarded as a valued species (taonga) by some iwi, and are now confi ned to offshore islands and remote parts of Fiordland.

Rats and mice are usually in the bush in high numbers and pose two problems.

First, they eat insects and the fruit and seeds that feed birds and allow forests to regenerate – kiwi chicks tend to be slower growing when there are many Ferrets rodents around. Ferrets are the largest of the mustelids, Second, rats and mice are food for about the size of a small cat. the kiwi’s predators and help keep populations of cats and mustelids high. They hunt mainly at night, and prefer open areas and bush edges. They Tree climbing ship rats are also eat small animals, including rabbits, increasingly recognised as killers in rodents, lizards and frogs, and adult their own right, especially of smaller and juvenile kiwi. birds and their eggs.

Ferrets have kits (young) in their dens It is preferable to do rodent control during October and November. immediately after a possum poisoning operation, as there will be fewer TRAPS possums to eat the rodent baits. Like stoats, ferrets can be caught in cage traps and/or DOC 250 traps set in TRAPS tunnels, and they also like rabbit bait. Rats will sometimes be caught in leg-hold, fenn or Timms traps set for POISON other pests, but it is better to target They can also be poisoned. ‘Pestoff’ is them with rat traps or poison. Victor a protein-based anti-coagulant ferret type snap rat traps, set under a cover, poison, using diaphacinone, and made can be used. by Animal Control Products (ACP). It is available from rural and farm suppliers, Trapping is usually done on a relatively or directly from ACP. While available for small scale, but has been successful public use, it must be used in tunnel bait when a grid system is used at 50 x 50 stations to protect non-target animals. metre spacings.

12 CHAPTER 2 : Predator Control & Monitoring Photo: Dr Shaun Ogilvie, Lincoln University

Ship rat climbing on a philproof bait station

Bait the traps with bacon, white chocolate A variety of poisons are continually or a mixture of peanut butter and rolled being tested and updated. For the latest oats, and make sure they are covered to information about commercially available prevent risk to other birdlife. rodent poisons and bait stations contact the nearest Department of Conservation POISONS or regional council offi ce. Note that if you Poisons such as 1080, diphacinone choose to kill possums with cyanide, this (marketed as ‘Ditrac’ or ‘Ratabait’) and won’t kill rodents so you will need to also cholecalciferol (marketed as ‘Feracol’ or use a different control method. ‘Campaign’) can be used in bait stations to kill rats and mice. 1080 is only available for use by regional councils and the Department of Conservation.

Dog Image Photo: Nga Manu Images Cats and Dogs Dogs are a major problem for kiwi and kill many birds every year, but, along with domestic cats, we don’t tend to think of them as animal pests or predators. They’re both covered in more detail the next chapter.

13 Regional councils have contractors who

Photo: Nga Manu Images carry out possum control for landowners – contact your local council for a quote.

TRAPS Cage traps are useful (on a small scale) if you need to positively identify the caught animal before it is killed – for instance, if there’s a risk of catching non- target species.

Leg-hold traps can be used, and must have soft jaws just in case the wrong animal is caught. Many kiwi have missing toes or feet, or damaged beaks, because of leg-hold traps with hard jaws. To avoid catching kiwi, set soft-jaw traps at least 75 centimetres off the ground, either on tree trunks, a sloping log or a plywood platform. Space traps about 40 metres apart for effective control. By law, leg- hold traps need to be checked daily.

Possums Possums are pests for several reasons. They eat kiwi habitat and compete with kiwi for burrows; they kill adult kiwi and chicks; and they eat kiwi eggs.

There are many techniques for killing possums. They can be trapped, poisoned or shot. The method you choose will best suit what you want to achieve, and how much time and money you have. A Victor leghold trap in a scott board tree mount Photo: Malcolm Pullman Advice is available from local Department of Conservation and regional council Several types of possum kill traps are on offi ces. Pest control suppliers also provide the market, such as Timms, the SA possum information packages. trap, the Warrior and the Trapinator.

It is most effective to begin with an Talk to people who use them to help intensive blitz, followed by a long-term decide which suits your situation best. maintenance regime. The most effective Bait with fruit (sprinkled with cinnamon) initial blitz methods are poisoning with or a commercially available possum pre- either 1080, cyanide or cholecalciferol. feed paste.

14 CHAPTER 2 : Predator Control & Monitoring

Traps should be on ridges and spurs, 1080 is a registered poison and can only beside tracks, the bush edge, or where be used by approved handlers. It is only possum sign is visible – such as on available to pest control agencies such ‘scratch’ trees, easily recognisable as the as regional councils and the Department bark is shredded near to the ground; and of Conservation. on possum runs, smooth trails through Cholecalciferol can be used as a fi rm paste grass, about 20 centimetres wide. in bulk, or in a pre-packed bag or container. Traps need to be at least 75 centimetres It does not require a licence to use. off the ground. Any trap set on the ground is a potential disaster for kiwi. SHOOTING Night shooting possums with spotlights POISONS can be effective, particularly in more A number of poisons are registered to open terrain and around bush margins. use on possums, including cyanide, The return for effort is seldom better than cholecalciferol and 1080. using traps or poison, but regular shoots can help gauge the number of possums Cyanide is in regular use. It can be used as in an area. The fur can also be plucked a paste or in a capsule form (‘Feratox’). from freshly killed possums and sold to Cyanide is highly toxic and kills in help cover your costs. You will need a seconds – including humans. You must fi rearms licence and must comply with all be trained and have a licence to use it. legal and safety requirements.

Licences can be obtained through Possums are most commonly shot with the Environmental Risk Management a .22 rifl e with a 4-power telescopic Authority (ERMA), after paying a fee and sight that has a front element of at least sitting an exam. Cyanide can also kill kiwi, 32 millimetres to enhance night vision. so if using the paste, place the poison at A 12-volt rechargeable battery in a least 75 centimetres off the ground and backpack or shoulder sling can power out of reach. a hand-held spotlight. Dry cell batteries avoid the risk of acid spills.

Hedgehogs Hedgehogs are not kiwi killers, but they are introduced to New Zealand, and they do compete for the kiwi’s food – native insects and snails.

Hedgehogs also eat the eggs of ground nesting birds. Colbourne - DOC Photo: Rogan

They can be in the bush in large numbers, They often become stuck in the tunnel and can be caught in kill traps, such as entrance of a mustelid or possum trap, or fenn traps, set under tunnels. caught in the trap itself.

15 Photo: Rob Suisted/www.naturespic.com

Pigs Pigs are opportunist scavengers and foragers. Their omnivorous diet includes fern fronds and roots, supplejack, fruits, native snails, worms and centipedes – and the eggs and chicks of ground nesting birds.

Wild pigs excavate and kill kiwi in holes or on their nests, and destroy eggs. They have very large home ranges, are social and can be present in high densities. Sometimes people deliberately (and usually illegally) release wild pigs so they can hunt them. The consequences for kiwi is a double disaster – while some pig dogs can be trained not to hunt kiwi, wild pigs cannot.

FENCING Pigs can be fenced out and are especially shy of electric fences. Because the hot wire needs to be near the ground, these fences must be well maintained. A well maintained mesh fence will also exclude pigs. The following are the minimum guidelines HUNTING for kiwi-friendly pig hunters to follow: Pigs can be shot on bush edges where they forage, or lured to a suitable site with • Train your dogs to hunt only pigs, and offal dumps. While hunting is unlikely to to be obedient and controllable. eradicate pigs, any hunting pressure will • Put your dogs through a kiwi aversion help reduce the enormous damage wild course. pigs do. Hunters who use dogs must • Use 2–3 dogs; no more than necessary. minimise the risk they pose for kiwi. • Use radio-tagged collars on dogs, so lost animals can be located. • Don’t leave lost dogs in bush overnight – do everything you can to fi nd them

Photo: Wendy Sporle Photo: Wendy before going home. If unsuccessful, report them lost. • Never take pups in training into kiwi zones, and leave any bird or possum chasers at home. • Don’t hunt at night when kiwi are more active.

16 CHAPTER 2 : Predator Control & Monitoring

• Take injured kiwi to a vet or Department of Conservation offi ce Keep Good as soon as you can. If you leave it, it will probably die as dog bites Records quickly become septic. It is important to keep track of what • Hand any dead kiwi to the you catch, where and when. Department of Conservation, This helps build up a picture of what regardless of how it died. They pests you’re dealing with, and the provide valuable scientifi c busiest times of year. information to help save living birds. Feathers are distributed to It’s also a good motivator, to show the local Maori weavers to repair kiwi progress you are making. feather cloaks (kahu-kiwi). Carry a notebook to record what you CAGES fi nd at each trap, and at the end of each Cages are especially useful for smaller day, record the results and any other patches of bush and areas where there useful data into permanent fi les. is ongoing re-invasion. Community groups can use free web- A relatively simple design uses a sheet based spreadsheets that allow anyone of reinforcing mesh coiled into a spiral registered to insert data, which means shape and securely anchored to the you can share information online. One ground with waratah standards. example is docs.google.com

Bait the centre of the spiral with meat It’s also important to have a monitoring or fi sh to lure the pigs into it, and tie the programme in place to track whether the opening so that it stays slightly open. pest and predator control is achieving what you’re aiming for. Once they are comfortable with the scenario, position the opening so the Tracking tunnels with bait and inkpads pigs have to push it slightly to enter, and can be set so that small animals running can’t escape back out. The angry animals through them leave footprints, showing will need to be dispatched carefully. you what pests are still around.

Find Out More More information is available on Photo: Malcolm Pullman the “How to Save Kiwi” DVD and the BNZ Save the Kiwi website – www.savethekiwi.org.nz

17 18 CHAPTER 3 potential kiwikillers.Cats arealsoamajorpredatorofkiwi. All dogs,regardlessoftheir size,breedingortraining,are Family pet,orkiwikiller? Cats andDogs CHAPTER 3 : Cats and Dogs

Cats Cats came to New Zealand on the ships of early European explorers, in the late 1700s.

All ships were rat-infested, and cats were on board to help control them.

It took about 50 years for wild cats to become established here, and since the 1800s they have been chewing through New Zealand’s native wildlife.

Cats travel long distances quickly.

The edges of a wild cat’s large home range often follow natural barriers, such as streams.

A female with kittens seldom moves more than 500 metres from her dens, but tomcats roam up to 20 kilometres.

Cats are active day and night.

They usually stalk alone, but will share Photo: Rob Suisted/www.naturespic.com their home area with other cats.

Their vision and hearing are acute, but smell is less sensitive. WILD CATS New Zealand has many wild cats, which are widespread on the mainland and many offshore islands.

Most populations have established from dumped unwanted pets.

They breed quickly – female cats are sexually mature after one year and wild females may have two litters a year.

Wild and wandering cats travel long distances, and have territories ranging from 50-2,000 hectares.

They are seldom seen and naturally cautious, which makes them a diffi cult pest to lure to a trap. Photo: Malcolm Pullman

19 TRAPS Live capture cage traps should be used Make sure no vegetation will prevent the when it is important to not kill family pets. door from closing.

That allows you to release, unharmed, Smoked fi sh is a good long-lasting lure. animals wearing collars, while wild cats For wild tom cats, you can use the scent can be shot or drowned. of a female domestic cat – let her sleep Good places to set traps are near rubbish in the cage before putting it outside, and dumps, offal holes, hay barns, along fence place her bedding or dirt box in the cage. lines, waterways, roads and tracks, and in Fine chicken wire at the rear and sides of vegetation-free areas under trees. the cage will stop harrier hawks pulling the bait through the bars.

Wild cat with transmitter on One cage per 10 hectares will give in a live capture box trap adequate control.

In larger areas cages should be moved to a new site every three months. By law, live capture cages must be checked daily.

If there is no risk of killing domestic cats, then kill traps, such as the Timms or SA cat traps, can be used.

A recommended modifi cation to the Timms trap is to enlarge the keyhole by 10 millimetres on each side.

Leg-hold traps will catch cats if strategically placed. Only soft jaw versions should be used, such as a Victor 1.5. Again, by law, each trap must be checked daily and the catch dispatched humanely.

Havahart live capture trap Photo: Wendy Sporle Photo: Wendy Photo: Blue Orb

20 CHAPTER 3 : Cats and Dogs

Photo: Wendy Sporle Photo: Wendy POISON ‘Pestoff’, the ACP ferret poison, is also effective on cats.

Secondary poisoning can also be effective if cats prey on poisoned rodents and/or possums.

HOUSE CATS ALSO KILL KIWI Not only wild cats kill kiwi.

If you live near an area with kiwi there are several things you can do: • Neuter or spay your cat. • Feed it well. • Put a bell collar on it. • Keep it inside at night. • When it dies, don’t replace it. Photo: Lesley Baigent Photo: Lesley

SA cat trap safely mounted on a ramp out of the reach of kiwi

A simple set-up uses a horizontal or sloping board attached to a tree trunk (out of the reach of kiwi) with a meat lure above the trap.

This may need to be under cover, to avoid attracting (and catching) hawks or other birds.

One trap for cats can be laid in a line of traps set for possums.

The trap’s chain must be long enough for a caught animal to be able to sit on the ground.

21 Dogs Man’s best friend is not the kiwi’s best friend. All dogs, regardless of their size, breeding or training, are potential kiwi killers.

Dogs fi nd the strong distinctive scent of kiwi irresistible and easy to track. They can catch and kill a kiwi in seconds because the bird has no wing muscles to protect its chest, which is easily crushed in a dog’s mouth.

That’s why even highly trained kiwi dogs must always wear a muzzle when working. Dogs don’t eat the kiwi; it’s simply a natural instinct.

A dog with a penchant for kiwi can quickly wipe out whole populations; it’s a story kiwi workers have heard too many times. By killing adult birds, dogs WHAT YOU CAN DO take the breeders out of the population. By keeping their dog under control, even people who don’t get involved in a community kiwi project can still make a huge contribution to kiwi’s survival.

The very safest option if you live in an area where kiwi live, is not to have a dog at all. If you do have a dog, stop it from ever going into the bush. Photo: Rogan Colbourne - DOC Photo: Rogan

Without dogs or ferrets, brown kiwi in Sporle Photo: Wendy Northland would live to more than 50 years. Instead, they are lucky to reach 13 years.

In the fi ve years to June 1995, dogs killed 135 kiwi in Northland – 70% of all the reported kiwi deaths in the region. Researchers say that, without dogs, Northland’s brown kiwi numbers would be self-sustaining.

22 CHAPTER 3 : Cats and Dogs

If kiwi can wander close to your house, it HUNTING DOGS is vital that they never meet your dog. Along with having their dogs trained to avoid kiwi, hunters can reduce the threat You could build a fence to keep kiwi out their animals pose by training them and dogs in. well, giving them plenty of work, using Or at night, keep your dog indoors or tied tracking collars, keeping them under up in an enclosure that kiwi can’t get into control when in the bush, and staying – many kiwi die during canine night-time out of the bush at night, when kiwi are hunting sprees. more active.

You can also train your dog to be less Any injured birds need to be taken to a vet attracted to kiwi, which is especially as soon as possible, as dog bites quickly important for hunters who use dogs. become infected.

The “How to Save Kiwi” DVD shows examples of kiwi aversion training.

You can fi nd out more by contacting your local Department of Conservation Sporle Photo: Wendy offi ce.

You can also help stop dogs killing kiwi by: • Taking wandering dogs to the local council dog ranger. • Talking about pet care and control with your neighbours. • Encouraging councils to apply ‘no pet’ clauses to new subdivisions. • Taking unwanted pets to the SPCA.

HELPFUL RESOURCES BNZ Save the Kiwi can help you deliver the dog safety message. KIWI ZONE

Stickers, brochures, kiwi information and HELP US PROTECT KIWI ‘kiwi zone’ signs can be ordered from NO DOGS www.savethekiwi.org.nz LLOWE More ideas on dealing with dogs are in the AALLOWED

Guidebook to kiwi advocacy, available DOGS KILL KIKIWIWI via request. KIWI & DOGS For more information about kiwi aversion DON’T MIX DOGS ARE A BIG PROBLEM FOR KIWI training for dogs, contact the Department YOU CAN HELP Do you know what your dog is up to when you can’t see it?

Find out more about kiwi protection projects and dog aversionKeep trainingdogs away near you: from places wild kiwi live.

Visit the BNZ Save the Kiwi website Keep your dog under control at all times. of Conservation. www.savethekiwi.org.nz Department of Conservation Area Offi ce

Your Local Kiwi Conservation Group

23 Photo: BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust 24 CHAPTER 4 BNZ OperationNestEgg Nest Egg BNZ Operation vulnerable kiwipopulations insmallareas. ™ isapowerfultool,particularlyfor ™ CHAPTER 4 : BNZ Operation Nest Egg™

Kiwi eggs and chicks are removed from the wild and hatched and/or raised in captivity until big enough to fend for themselves – usually around one kilogram. They are then returned to the wild. A BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ bird has a 65% chance of surviving to adulthood – compared to just 5% for wild born and raised chicks.

The Beginning The idea for BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ was hatched in 1994 when researchers noticed that older, heavier chicks were better able to defend themselves against deadly stoats.

With funding from BNZ, a pilot successfully adapted an existing Department of Conservation ‘operation nest egg’ technique. Since 1995, it has been used in the most vulnerable populations and today more than 200 kiwi are returned to the wild every year.

How it Works STAGE ONE Stage one is when eggs, and sometimes chicks, are lifted from burrows.

Ideally the eggs are about 45 days old, or half way through the incubation stage. The kiwi worker shines a light from behind the egg (called ‘candling’) to see if the embryo is alive inside the shell, and to Photo: Richard Kinsey record its stage of development. If the egg is viable and old enough, it is Eggs younger than 10 days are put back in placed in a padded box (usually a chilly the nest and checked again in a month. bin) and carefully transported to a captive facility for incubation and hatching.

Five captive-rearing facilities support BNZ Operation Nest Egg™: Auckland Zoo, Kiwi Encounter at Rainbow Springs in Rotorua, Pukaha Mount Bruce in the Wairarapa, Napier’s Westshore Wildlife Reserve, and Willowbank Wildlife reserve in Christchurch – in partnership with the Department of Conservation.

Three facilities hatch most chicks – Kiwi Encounter, Auckland Zoo and Willowbank Wildlife Reserve.

25 STAGE TWO Stage two of BNZ Operation Nest The Benefi ts Egg™ is the kiwi crèches. RAPID POPULATION BOOST BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ is particularly Hatched and healthy young birds are good at helping populations of the sent to predator-proof sanctuaries until most rare kiwi to rapidly recover. For big enough to safely return to the wild. example, at Okarito kiwi sanctuary, it Many crèches are managed by was used to boost rowi numbers by community-led kiwi groups, with 25% over the six years from 2002. support from their communities and The tool is also used to bring kiwi BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust. back to places from which they had disappeared; to quickly bump up declining populations; and to help larger populations recapture their former range. To make sure the unique gene pools and adaptations of each kiwi population are preserved, chicks are returned to the wild populations they were gathered from, or used to establish entirely new, discrete populations.

Advocating for Kiwi When juvenile birds are large enough to leave the creche and return to their wild homes, local people involved in kiwi conservation are sometimes Photo: Tamsin Ward Smith given the opportunity to hold the birds before they are released. This is STAGE THREE a magic moment, leaving people with Stage three is when the juveniles are ‘the kiwi grin’. returned to the wild; most often to where they were collected as an egg Because Ma-ori recognise the important or chick. relationship between living things and the land on which they were born, This happens when the young birds and kiwi hold a special place in Ma-ori weigh about 1kg, and are better able to culture, there is often a ceremony to defend themselves against stoats. welcome the young kiwi back to the place of their birth.

These opportunities, where kiwi touch people’s hearts, make BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ a powerful advocacy tool.

26 of Matakohe Limestone Island Photo: Friends CHAPTER 4 : BNZ Operation Nest Egg™

Photo: Petr Hlavacek Photo: Petr Two techniques developed to test the health of eggs are: • To balance a strand of dry spaghetti against the egg – if it vibrates, there is life inside the shell. • Egg candling - holding the egg up to a light to check if the egg is viable, and how old the chick is.

Candling a kiwi egg to check it’s viable BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust sponsors workshops each year to make sure kiwi workers have the candling skills INCREASING KNOWLEDGE to correctly identify and age wild-collected BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ has helped eggs. If collected too soon, eggs are researchers learn a lot about kiwi behaviour, less likely to successfully hatch. People breeding, diseases and parasites, which all also learn the best ways to handle and improve the success of captive husbandry. transport eggs. One example is the discovery that kiwi males turn the eggs during incubation, Information about dates and how to enrol which has improved hatching success on candling courses is on the BNZ Save the in incubators. Kiwi website – www.savethekiwi.org.nz

Buying Time BNZ Operation Nest Egg™ helps boost kiwi populations but it is a very labour-intensive and costly. It also does not benefi t the whole ecosystem, which trapping and poisoning pests and predators does. It is not intended to be a long-term management tool, but it is buying us precious time while we look for long-term sustainable ways to control predators over large areas.

Find Out More More information about BNZ Operation Nest EggTM and egg candling training courses is available on the BNZ Save the Kiwi website – www.savethekiwi.org.nz

27 28 CHAPTER 5 – maybetosignalitsmate ormarkitsterritory. When akiwicallsinthenightforest,it’s for differentreasons Monitoring Call Count

CHAPTER 5 : Call Count Monitoring

The calls are also useful for us – letting Are they in the same places, a smaller us know how many kiwi there are, and area, or has the population expanded where they are. over more ground?

Combined with records of other sign, In places where animal pest control such as droppings, feathers and probe is happening, call counts should show holes, counting calls is a useful tool to the benefi ts. estimate the size of a kiwi population. It is usually best to listen for kiwi when Counting calls in the same place over the breeding season begins and they several years builds a picture of what are likely to call the most. is happening with kiwi numbers and distribution – are you hearing more, This falls between February and June, fewer or the same number of birds? depending on the species.

Types of Monitoring FORMAL MONITORING PROGRAMME INFORMAL MONITORING – The Department of Conservation has a KIWI REPORTING CARD formal kiwi call monitoring programme, Anyone who visits the backcountry run as part of BNZ Save the Kiwi. and can tell the difference between kiwi calls and those of weka, morepork and Staff and volunteers visit specifi c sites possums can be part of informal kiwi at specifi c times. In Northland and the monitoring. fi ve kiwi sanctuaries this happens every year. Elsewhere, it is usually on a fi ve- This information helps show kiwi year cycle. distribution, and the number of calls recorded enable researchers to roughly Calls recorded as part of a regular work out how many birds there are. monitoring programme are written up on a Kiwi Call Scheme form, available from If you hear a kiwi call, or see any other Department of Conservation offi ces. evidence of the birds – such as feathers, probe holes or footprints – record it on a If you are interested in helping, contact your Kiwi Reporting Card, available from the local Department of Conservation offi ce. same places as the Kiwi Call Scheme form.

Send completed cards to: Rogan Colbourne Department of Conservation PO Box 10 420 Wellington 6143

29 Kiwi Call Count Setting up a Monitoring Monitoring Training Package Programme BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust has When setting up monitoring stations, developed a package of resources to choose sites that are up high and help train community volunteers in provide a wide view, rather than how to monitor kiwi calls. being in a valley or the bush.

If you have experience in monitoring Listening sessions should be during the kiwi and would like to share it, you dark phase of the moon, for two hours can request the training package by just after nightfall. emailing [email protected] Listening should happen on at least It includes a training booklet, a CD of four still nights, and, if possible, the different calls to help people learn the same people should monitor the same difference between other animals and site at the same time each year. kiwi, and a certifi cate for everyone who Before heading into the hills, be completes the training. confi dent you can tell the difference between the night calls of other Call Count Monitoring animals and the kiwi’s call, particularly Training Package the pukeko, possum, morepork, long FOR COMMUNITY KIWI PROJECTS tail cuckoo and weka.

You will also need to be familiar with how to fi ll out the forms, how to use a compass and the difference between male and female kiwi calls.

Written by Wendy Sporle Certificate nddy National Mentor for Advocacy – BNZ Save the Kiwi or f BNZ Save the Kiwi Monitoring www.savethekiwi.org.nz For example, a male brown kiwi has Kiwi Call Count This is to certify that (affiliation) a shrill, high-pitched call that repeats of 15-25 times. has completed kiwi call count monitoring training.

Supervised and tutored by:

Name From (affiliation) The female’s call does not carry as Region

Signature

Date far, and is deep and hoarse. The

Printed on recycled paper www.savethekiwi.org.nz great spotted kiwi call is similar, with the male a shrill sound and female a deeper call. If you have any questions about call count monitoring, please contact the Make sure you will be comfortable – Trust’s national mentor for advocacy, take enough warm clothes, something Wendy Sporle – [email protected] to sit on, food and a warm drink. You will also need a torch, a compass and a clipboard for the forms.

30 CHAPTER 5 : Call Count Monitoring

Specialised Monitoring

Photo: Rogan Colbourne - DOC Photo: Rogan Methods Specialised methods are also used to monitor kiwi, include using radio telemetry and specially trained kiwi- fi nding dogs.

This work requires specialist skills and permits. Trained kiwi dogs are especially useful when monitoring high-density kiwi populations, as they help their handlers fi nd birds quickly, to gather information on the age and sex ratios in the population.

Remember to ask landowner permission (if needed), tell someone where you are going, and bring a watch to record the times calls are heard.

Record what you hear on a Kiwi Call Scheme form, using a new sheet for each hour spent listening. Results will differ depending on the conditions, and not all kiwi call every night. Young birds do not usually call until they are 2–3 years old.

Send a copy of your data to: National monitoring co-ordinator Department of Conservation PO Box 10 420 Wellington 6143 Find Out More You can fi nd out more about how to monitor kiwi from the Kiwi Best Practice Manual, and the Kiwi call count monitoring training pack, available by emailing [email protected]

31 32 CHAPTER 6 patchwork of isolatedfragments. or towns,andmanyoriginal ecosystemsarereducedtoa Much nativeforestcover hasbeenconvertedintopasture of NewZealand.We havegreatlychangedthefaceofthisland. Before humansarrived,kiwiwerefoundthelength andbreadth Habitat Protection

CHAPTER 6 : Habitat Protection

Land clearance affects kiwi in three • Leave escape routes for kiwi when main ways: clearing land or logging plantations. • They can be killed when land is • Seek advice from the Department cleared by burning or roller crushing. of Conservation before carrying out • It concentrates kiwi and their major land development. predators into smaller areas. • If planning a sub-division, make it • The kiwi’s social organisation is pet-free. affected. Kiwi are ferociously • Control feral goats, possums, wild territorial and less habitat means cats, stoats, ferrets, wild pigs and more competition for space, more wandering stock. boundary wars, less breeding, and • Let neighbours and visitors know kiwi more birds pushed out into farmland live on your land, so they don’t let where they can fall foul of dogs. their dogs roam. • Restrict or control dogs on your property. Adaptable Birds Long-term Protection Thankfully, kiwi are adaptable birds and One option to create long-term live in many different types of places – protection is to covenant natural areas. native forest and scrub; sand dunes and Covenants and kawenata can be made snowy tussocks; even mangroves. with local authorities, the Department They especially like places where stands of Conservation and independent of trees run down to rivers and include organisations, such as: pockets of wetland vegetation. Kiwi even • The Queen Elizabeth II National Trust – set up territory in rank grass, gorse and covenants are written on the title of the exotic forest, as long as there is suffi cient land and bind existing and future land food. Because they are soil feeders, they owners in perpetuity. Some funding prefer places where they can get straight help is available for fencing and, in some to the dirt, rather than having to probe districts the covenanted land qualifi es through the thick leaf litter of a forest fl oor. for rating relief. More information is They dislike places trampled by livestock available at www.openspace.org.nz - - because the ground is compacted. • The Nga Whenua Rahui Fund helps Ma-ori owners identify and protect land with signifi cant native forest. Living with Kiwi More information is available at www.doc.govt.nz – search for Nga- With a little planning, you can have - kiwi on your land and still make a Whenua Rahui living from it. • The Nature Heritage Fund provides a range of protection options, including • Fence off areas of bush, scrub and buying indigenous natural areas to regenerating forest. protect them, if this is appropriate. • Leave links between pockets and More information is available at corridors of bush and scrub when www.doc.govt.nz – search for Nature developing pasture or plantation Heritage Fund forests. 33 34 CHAPTER 7 sequester carbon,agreenhouse gas. Zealand –theycontribute tothecountry’s economyandhelp Exotic forestsareanimportantuseofruralland inNew Kiwi andForestry

Photo: Rogan Colbourne - DOC CHAPTER 7 : Kiwi and Forestry

Kiwi will happily live in established plantation forests, especially if these retain pockets of native vegetation.

Insects, a favorite kiwi food, are more plentiful in these stands, swamps or wetlands than under exotic trees – especially in summer when the soil in the woodlot hardens and dries out. Kiwi will also retreat into the native remnants when the plantation trees are harvested.

Kiwi-Friendly Forestry In 1995, an accord was signed between forest owners’ associations and conservation groups, including BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust partner, Forest and Bird.

One of its ecological principles is: Kiwi can survive and thrive in plantation ”Where threatened species are known forests if forest owners and managers to occur within plantation forests plan, establish and manage forest and their presence is considered woodlots with the birds’ needs in mind. signifi cant by the Department of Done properly, this will not disrupt how a Conservation, plantation managers forest is managed, or its profi tability. shall consult with the Department of Conservation on management Protecting kiwi and retaining enough practices with the objective of habitat for their survival is now an conserving the population.” important part of managing a sustainable certifi ed forest. www.forestenterprises.co.nz/fgen/fte/ accord.htm has more information. Contact the Department of Conservation or a local kiwi project to help you manage kiwi during all silvicultural stages.

PLANNING This stage is vital for setting up a kiwi- friendly management system.

General rules of thumb are: Photo: Department of Conservation • Where possible, plan small compartments. • Stagger the ages of woodlots so kiwi have somewhere nearby to retreat to during harvesting. • Long rotation or continuous cover sawlog regimes allow time for bird populations to establish. • Plan a mixture of species with different maturity times.

35 PREPARING THE LAND • Never use fi re to clear land. If possible, clear it manually, rather

than bulldozing or roller crushing. Colbourne - DOC Photo: Rogan Employment subsidies may be available to help with this. • Leave pockets of native vegetation undisturbed, along with corridors of scrub or bush as escape routes for kiwi. • Maintain natural streamside habitats in steep valleys, along stream banks and in wet areas. This will benefi t many species, including kiwi, help control erosion, maintain water quality and provide shelter for young woodlots.

HARVEST • Involve someone who works in kiwi conservation as you plan your harvesting programme. They will help you identify where kiwi are. Contact your local Department of Conservation offi ce to ask what

Photo: Roving Tortoise Photo: Roving support is available. • When harvesting, work the forest in • Plant in lightwells and clearings and compartments so that resident kiwi minimise clear felling of scrub. have somewhere to go, away from the action. Selectively log, or log small MAINTAINING THE FOREST areas at a time. • Control predators and pests. Set traps • If possible, avoid logging from June or lay poison off the ground to avoid to October, the main kiwi nesting time. harming kiwi. Birds often sit tight on their nests and • Allow only reliable hunters with well- can be crushed or forced to abandon trained dogs to hunt in your forest. their egg. • Consider keeping some areas free • Form skid sites and roads without from pig hunting with dogs, and damaging native vegetation. control pigs by other methods. • Try to avoid burning. If fi re is needed, • Make sure any roading and machinery burn about 10 weeks after logging as work avoids areas with native trees, kiwi tend to move out as the ground and avoid dragging logs through them dries. However, don’t burn longer when cable hauling. than 5–6 months after logging, as • Include information about kiwi when kiwi may have moved back into the contractors are trained and briefed. regenerating vegetation.

36 CHAPTER 7 : Kiwi and Forestry

Other Things You Can Do Other things you can do to help protect kiwi in your forest are: • Don’t let people drive on your forestry roads at night, as kiwi move around then. • Carry out stoat control. • Ban hunting with dogs, or make sure any dogs have gone through the kiwi aversion training and wear tracking collars. • Have a ‘no dogs at work’ policy for workers and contractors, as dogs can catch any kiwi trying to escape from machinery.

• If burning rubbish piles, slow burn from one end only to give any resident kiwi an escape route. • Take any rescued kiwi eggs to the Department of Conservation or Find Out More kiwi nocturnal houses. To fi nd out more about how to manage a certifi ed forest, contact companies already doing it, such as Wood Products International (WPI), or the New Zealand Forest Owners Association, which has a threatened species section on its website – http://rarespecies.nzfoa.org.nz

Information is also available from ecological consultants, such as Wildland Consultants, and the Department of Conservation.

BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust has developed a booklet outlining

Photo: Department of Conservation how to protect brown kiwi in exotic forests – this is available As ground cover begins to grow and upon request by emailing insect numbers increase the area will [email protected] again become usable kiwi habitat.

37 Photo: Whakamanu Wildlife Trust Photo: Whakamanu Wildlife

Starting a Kiwi CHAPTER 8 Protection Project in your Community

All around New Zealand communities, landowners, iwi and agencies are coming together to care for kiwi.

38 CHAPTER 8 : Starting a Kiwi Protection Project in your Community

Kiwi Groups Northland and the Coromandel are the main centres of activity, and projects

are also taking root in Taranaki, Bay of Photo: Whalatane Kiwi Trust Plenty, East Coast / Hawke’s Bay and Wellington, and more are beginning in the South Island.

Co-operative Efforts Neither kiwi nor their predators recognise property boundaries, so working co-operatively as a group across both private and Crown-owned land makes sense.

It increases a project’s effectiveness, the kill pests; to those whose heart is in number of people available to help, and catering; to those who are great story- improves access to fi nancial support. telling advocates.

If you have wild kiwi living nearby, and Talk with people at your local Department they are not being managed, you may like of Conservation offi ce. to set up a community kiwi care group. Details on how to contact all its offi ces is A kiwi project is the perfect opportunity available from the Department’s website to draw on the wide range of skills within – www.doc.govt.nz communities, from those who like to Photo: BNZSKT

39 Funding Finding funding will be one of your fi rst priorities.

Your project could qualify for BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust funding.

Applications are sought each year and more information is available on www.savethekiwi.org.nz

Every two years, BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust also funds a workshop to help community groups learn how to apply Photo: Wendy Sporle for funds, run effectively and have good governance structures. The First Thing Funding may also be available through: The fi rst thing is to be clear about • Lottery Grants, administered by the what you are trying to achieve. Department of Internal Affairs. • The New Zealand Landcare Trust, That will allow you to map out which provides both funding and what needs to happen to achieve logistical support, and advice on those goals. where to seek funds. Reading about other groups and • The sustainable management fund what they have learnt along the way administered by the Ministry for the may also be helpful – this information Environment. This is for community is on BNZ Save the Kiwi’s website, groups, iwi, businesses and local along with the groups’ contact details – government agencies taking www.savethekiwi.org.nz. Look under practical actions to produce long- “Kiwis Saving Kiwi” section. term environmental benefi ts. • The Biodiversity Advice and Once a group is up and running, several Condition funds, administered by things need to be in place to help it the Department of Conservation. work effectively, including: • A realistic strategic plan. • Delegated roles and people to fi ll them. • Project management. • Access to technical information. • Systems to ensure good governance. • Access to funding. • The ability to monitor work and

review progress. Trust Scenic Reserve Photo: Rotokare

40 CHAPTER 8 : Starting a Kiwi ProtectionCHAPTER Project in # your : Section Community Title

Other Resources BNZ SAVE THE KIWI WEBSITE Topics include fencing, animal control, www.savethekiwi.org.nz planting, fi re control, health and safety The BNZ Save the Kiwi website has a and fundraising. lot of information about running kiwi DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS projects, as well as links to other The Department has developed a information about project sustainability, practical hands-on Community Resource predator control and operational Kit to help organisations get started and planning, and templates of forms you develop good practice in the voluntary can use. sector environment.

You can also contact the BNZ Save the Kiwi National Mentor for Advocacy for support at [email protected] The website includes links to: 1 NZ LANDCARE TRUST community resource kit GETTINGG STARTEDS

GUIDANCE FOR PEOPLE SETTING UP AND The Trust has published a report: Long- RUNNING COMMUNITY ORGANISATIONS term Sustainability of Community WWW.COMMUNITY.NET.NZ Biodiversity Protection Projects, which documents a range of projects and funding WWF-NEW ZEALAND sources, and identifi es the challenges and threats community groups face, along Not Just Trees in the Ground is a WWF- with some solutions. New Zealand report about the social and economic benefi ts of community-led The Trust has also published a series of conservation projects. It identifi es how technical advice guidelines has been New Zealanders lives improve when they developed for community projects. begin caring for their environment.

Find Out More Photo: Pim de Monchy Photo: Pim A great deal of useful information about how to set up and run community groups is on the “How to Save Kiwi” DVD, including interviews with Helen Moodie of the New Zealand Landcare Trust, and with Dr Greg Blunden of the New Zealand Kiwi Foundation.

41 Resources to CHAPTER 9 Save Kiwi

For more information or to request resources please visit the “Resources” section at: www.savethekiwi.org.nz or email: [email protected]

General Use Resources How to Save Kiwi DVD Kiwi Activity Pack An eight chapter DVD about kiwi and To compliment the Kiwi Forever education various aspects of kiwi protection work. resource. Activities for children of all ages. How to Save Kiwi Booklet Kiwis Saving Kiwi Display Banners 44 pages of information on how to save Colourful, easy-to-use display banners kiwi. Mirrors the information on the DVD. with general kiwi information. Available as a 3-panel set for indoors, or a 1-panel Our Kiwi - Basic Facts About Kiwi * banner for outdoors. DLE size brochure provides overview of kiwi, their threats and what you can do Dog Awareness Material * to help. Collection of brochures, posters, displays and signs to promote message to protect Kiwi Forever Education Resource kiwi from dogs. Resource kit for teachers to use in the classroom. Integrates many areas of the curriculum. * Also available in Te Reo Maori

42 CHAPTER 9 : Resources to Save Kiwi

Specialised Resources Injured Kiwi Predator Control Outlines * A fi eld reference card, fact sheet on what Some initial information on pest and to do if you fi nd an injured kiwi. predator control to help plan and implement kiwi protection. Kiwi Zone Signs Colourful corefl ute kiwi zone signs. Kiwi How to Avoid Kiwi When Trapping projects can personalise the sign by and Poisoning * adding their logo. A two page fl yer summarising the issues and solutions in order to avoid catching Kiwi Best Practice Manual kiwi in traps. This manual aims to help establish nationwide consistency in the way kiwi Predator Trapping Guidelines are managed and researched. (Northland) How, why, where, when, what regarding Kiwi Recovery Plan predator trapping; collated notes from A 10 year strategic document for kiwi trappers workshops. management, research, and community relations and engagement. Management Guidelines for Brown Kiwi in Exotic Forest Kiwi Call Count Monitoring A bound booklet developed as a handout Training Kit for kiwi projects to give to foresters and Kit contains training booklet, CD of kiwi contractors when encouraging “kiwi calls, power point presentation and friendly forestry”. certifi cates of completion. To be used by experienced monitors to train others how Engaging the Forestry Industry to conduct kiwi call count monitoring. This fl yer accompanies Management Guidelines for Brown Kiwi in Exotic Junior Kaitiaki Certifi cate Forest. It offers suggestions on how and A children’s certifi cate saying they have when approaches could be made to key learned about kiwi and listened for calls. forestry agencies.

Save the Kiwi Website Learn everything you need to know about Kiwi Practitioners Area kiwi and how to protect them. Send Join forums, check the wiki and use the e-cards, view the extensive photo gallery, contacts directory in the kiwi practioners listen to kiwi calls or just browse the login area of the website. hundreds of pages about kiwi on the site. Kiwi Classroom Find learning and fun activities for children. KiwiShop Unique kiwi gift ideas available via secure online shop. All profi ts go to kiwi work funded by BNZ Save the Kiwi Trust.

www.savethekiwi.org.nz

43 For more information about kiwi visit:

www.savethekiwi.org.nz

Chick release on Motuara Island – Photo: Liz Brown

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