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Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication A preliminary report on butterfly fauna (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Tengchong Section of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, China Yik Fui Philip Lo & Zheng Bi 12 September 2019 | Vol. 11 | No. 11 | Pages: 14452–14470 DOI: 10.11609/jot.4443.11.11.14452-14470 Monograph For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. 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Partner Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 12 September 2019 | 11(11): 14452–14470 A preliminary report on butterfly fauna Communication (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Tengchong Section of ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, China ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Yik Fui Philip Lo 1 & Zheng Bi 2 PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS 1 Kadoorie Conservaton China, Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China. 2 Yunnan Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve (Tengchong Bureau), 157 Laifeng Avenue, Tengchong, Yunnan Province, China. 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected] Abstract: The buterfy fauna of Tengchong Secton of Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve, western Yunnan, China was investgated during a series of feld surveys conducted between April 2014 and May 2018. A total of 216 buterfy species were recorded (Hesperiidae 41, Papilionidae 20, Pieridae 21, Lycaenidae 45, and Nymphalidae 89), of which 179 represent new records for Tengchong. Signifcant fndings include paratype materials of a recently described genus and a subspecies, respectvely, as well as three natonal and fve provincial new records. Several obscure species were rediscovered during the survey, including two taxa that have not been recorded since their descriptons, Celaenorrhinus morena Evans, 1949 and Thoressa pedla pedla (Evans, 1956). The result of the survey is presented herein with notes on some litle-known species. Additonally, past records on Tengchong buterfy fauna were reviewed and a name is treated as nomen nudum. Keywords: Eastern Himalaya, Hengduan Mountains, Kachin, Myanmar, natonal new records, western Yunnan. DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4443.11.11.14452-14470 | ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6140D363-33DC-43B9-AC6C-A39D2E343214 Editors: Adam Coton & Shao-ji Hu (Pierce), Yunnan University, Kunming, China. Date of publicaton: 12 September 2019 (online & print) Manuscript details: #4443 | Received 27 July 2018 | Final received 09 July 2019 | Finally accepted 16 July 2019 Citaton: Lo, Y.F.P. & Z. Bi (2019). A preliminary report on buterfy fauna (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Tengchong Secton of Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve, China. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(11): 14452–14470. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4443.11.11.14452-14470 Copyright: © Lo & Bi 2019. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: This study is funded by Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author details: Yik Fui Philip Lo: Senior Conservaton Ofcer, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden; Fellow, Royal Entomological Society. Zheng Bi: Director, Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve (Tengchong Bureau) Author contributon: YFLP conceived, designed and performed the analysis, and wrote the paper. Both authors collected and contributed data. Acknowledgements: We thank Yu-Feng Hsu (Natonal Taiwan Normal University, Taipei), Li-Wei Wu (Natonal Taiwan University, Nantou) and Zhihua Zhang (Dongfang Forestry Department, Hainan) for taking part in some surveys. Xiang-Yuan Huang, Xing-Chao Zhang (TC-GLGS), Fei Li, Gang Lu, Chi Fung Mak and Bosco Chan (KFBG) provided their photo records. Motoki Saito (The Buterfy Society of Japan, Tokyo) provided reprints of Kachin survey reports. We are also grateful to the management of Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve for grantng permission to conduct the survey and providing essental assistance on our feld works. 14452 Buterfy fauna of Tengchong Secton of Gaoligongshan Natonal NR Lo & Bi INTRODUCTION & Duan (2016) described a new Lethe species from Tengchong. A further seven satyrid buterfy species Gaoligongshan (hereafer GLGS) is a mountain range from the subtribe Lethina were reported in Tengchong that runs north-south along the border between Kachin by Lang (2017). By 2017, 51 species of buterfy were State (Myanmar) and western Yunnan (China). GLGS documented for Tengchong, which likely underestmated part of the Hengduan Mountains of southwestern China, the rich biodiversity of this area. To update this and is well known for rich and unique biodiversity. The informaton, a series of joint biodiversity surveys were southern part of GLGS was designated a nature reserve organized by Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden (KFBG) in 1986 and recognized as a biosphere reserve in 2000 and the Tengchong Bureau of Gaoligongshan Natonal (UNESCO 2007), and the Tengchong secton is located on Nature Reserve during 2014–2018. The survey results the western slope of the reserve. For administratve and for buterfy fauna are presented herein, with a checklist geographic details see Chan et al. (2019, this issue). and notes on selected species of special interest. Tengchong was the frst area in GLGS to be explored by western zoologists, when Britsh zoologist John Anderson made a collectng expediton in Daying River METHODS and Tengchong of western Yunnan in 1868. One-hundred- and-eighteen buterfy species were collected during the Study areas expediton, including three new species described by Surveys were conducted primarily in the Tengchong Atkinson (1871) (Anderson 1878). Since detailed locality Secton of Gaoligongshan Natonal Nature Reserve informaton was not provided in Anderson’s report, (hereafer TC-GLGS) including all six management it is not possible to distnguish Tengchong material sectons (from south to north: Zhengding, Dahaoping, from the rest of his collecton. Following Anderson’s Qushi, Jietou, Datang and Zizhi). In additon, lower- exploraton, a number of naturalists visited GLGS in the elevaton forests of Laifengshan Natonal Forest Park early 20th Century, but their works contributed litle to and the protected riparian forest along Longchuan the knowledge of buterfy fauna of the region. River were also surveyed. Fieldwork covered elevatons Startng from the 1970s, GLGS has been frequently between 1,300m and 2,800m and was conducted during visited by Chinese and Japanese entomologists. The March to October, which is expected to cover the fight exceptonally high species richness of buterfies was periods of most buterfy species in the region. A total gradually revealed with the descripton of a number of 57.5 man-days were spent from April 2014 to May of new taxa (e.g., Yoshino 1995, 1997, 1999, 2008; 2018; survey details are shown in Table 1. For detail Huang 2001, 2002, 2003). Most eforts were focused informaton on geography, vegetaton and habitat of the on the Nujiang (Salween River) Valley on the eastern study area, please refer to Chan et al. (2019, this issue). slope of the mountain range, and the buterfy fauna of Tengchong on the western slope of GLGS received less Survey methods atenton and was not comprehensively documented. Daytme surveys were conducted in a variety of It was only briefy investgated during the Yunnan habitats when weather conditons were favourable forest pest survey from 1979 to 1982 organized by the for buterfy actvity (non-rainy, temperature >20°C) Yunnan Provincial Department of Forestry, which listed along roads and major forest trails throughout the 482 buterfy species for Yunnan Province, of which 32 study areas, using standard 42cm diameter insect nets were recorded from Tengchong (Lee & Cao 1987). The to collect adult buterfies (superfamily Papilionoidea), discovery of Neorina neosinica Lee, 1985, an astonishing partcular atenton was paid at mud-puddling sites and satyrid buterfy, was perhaps the most notable fnding spots of nectar source. Some individuals were retained in Tengchong from that study. Lee (1995) & Xue (1995) as voucher materials or for identfcaton purpose. basically adopted the informaton in Lee