Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey Chailey Brickworks

EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY

CHAILEY BRICKWORKS SOUTH CHAILEY

A Report to Ibstock Brick Ltd

Middlemarch Environmental Ltd. Triumph House Birmingham Road Allesley Coventry CV5 9AZ

Tel: 01676 525880 Fax: 01676 521400

E-Mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.middlemarch-environmental.com

Report Number: RT-MME-102747 Rev 1

July 2008

Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY

CHAILEY BRICKWORKS SOUTH CHAILEY

CONTROLLED COPY

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01 IBSTOCK BRICK LTD 02 MIDDLEMARCH ENVIRONMENTAL LTD

This report was conducted & compiled by Lucy Philpott BSc (Hons) AIEEM

The contents of this report are the responsibility of Middlemarch Environmental Ltd. It should be noted, that whilst every effort is made to meet the client’s brief, no site investigation can ensure complete assessment or prediction of the natural environment

Contract Number C102747

July 2008

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CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 4 1.1 BACKGROUND ...... 4 1.2 SITE DESCRIPTION ...... 4 2. METHODOLOGY ...... 6 2.1 DESK STUDY ...... 6 2.2 EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY ...... 6 3. DESK STUDY RESULTS ...... 7 3.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES ...... 7 3.2 PROTECTED SPECIES ...... 8 4. EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY ...... 11 4.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 11 4.2 HABITATS ...... 11 4.3 FAUNA ...... 19 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ...... 20 5.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES ...... 20 5.2 HABITATS ...... 20 5.3 PROTECTED SPECIES ...... 22 6. RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 26 6.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES ...... 26 6.2 HABITATS ...... 26 6.3 PROTECTED SPECIES ...... 26 7. REFERENCES & BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 28

8. APPENDICES ...... 29 APPENDIX 1 ...... 30 APPENDIX 2 ...... 35 APPENDIX 3 ...... 37

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND Ibstock Brick Ltd commissioned Middlemarch Environmental Ltd to undertake an Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey of two distinct areas within the ownership of Chailey Brickworks, Caveridge Lane in South Chailey. It is understood that the quarry is being reviewed under the Review of Mineral Permissions (ROMP) process. The ROMP will include details of working the south of the existing quarry (Area A) and within a new area to the north west of the existing quarry (Area B), which is also permitted for clay extraction under an old consent.

To fulfil the above brief to assess the existing ecological interest of the site, a desk study and an Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey were undertaken.

The Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey was performed on the 18th June 2008.

This report details and provides the following information: • Desk Study • Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey.

1.2 SITE DESCRIPTION The Chailey Brickworks is located on Caveridge Lane in South Chailey, East Sussex (central National Grid Reference TQ 391 177). The site is situated on the eastern edge of South Chailey and is surrounded by woodland to the south and east with agricultural land dominating the remaining areas. The survey has been split into two distinct areas, Area A and Area B.

Area A consisted of the existing quarry with adjacent broadleaved woodland in the south and along the western boundary. The central quarry was dominated by bare ground with three areas of standing water. Inundation vegetation surrounded the northern and eastern edges of the standing water. The northern bank of the quarry consisted of establishing vegetation, dense scrub and trees. A band of bracken was located along the eastern boundary of the survey area. A small stream was recorded within the woodland area south of the quarry.

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Area B consisted of a plot to the north of the brick processing locale. The southern part of the survey area was dominated by a mixture of bare ground and improved grassland surrounded by scrub. The northern half of the study site comprised broadleaved woodland with sections of improved grassland, scrub and tall ruderal vegetation. Two ponds, a wet ditch and dry ditch were also recorded within Area B.

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2. METHODOLOGY

2.1 DESK STUDY A desk study was undertaken to determine the nature conservation designations and protected species that have been recorded within 1 km of the edge of the site. This involved contacting statutory and non-statutory organisations. Middlemarch Environmental Ltd assimilated and reviewed the desk study data provided by these organisations.

The consultees for the Desk Study were: • Multi Agency Geographic Information Magic Web site for statutorily conservation sites • Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre • National Biodiversity Network (NBN) Gateway website

The data collected from these consultees is discussed in Section 3.

2.2 EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY To fulfill the brief of undertaking an ecological assessment of the site, an Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey was conducted (JNCC, 1993). This is a standard technique for classifying and mapping British habitats. The aim is to provide a record of habitats that are likely to be ecologically important. During the Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey, the presence, or potential presence, of protected species was also recorded.

The data collected during the field survey is discussed in Section 4.

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3. DESK STUDY RESULTS From the details provided by the consultees, relevant ecological data have been reviewed and are summarised below. Details are provided in Appendix 1.

3.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES There are two nature conservation sites with non-statutory protection within 1 km radius of the edge of the survey area. These sites are summarised in Table 3.1.

In addition the data search identified 11 areas designated as Ancient Woodland, 10 of these are designated as Ancient Semi-Natural Woodland and one is defined as Ancient Replanted Woodland. The nearest of these Ancient Woodlands, Kiln Wood and Starvecrow Woods, forms part of the study area and details are provided in Table 3.1. Full details of the location of the woodlands can be found in Appendix 1.

Site Designation Summary of Site National Approximate Grid Proximity to the Reference Site Boundary Kiln Wood & SNCI Site consists of three woods forming block of TQ 396 174 Forms part of the Starvecrow Ancient Semi- ancient woodland. Woodland as a whole is mosaic southern extent Woods Natural of overshot oak Quercus sp., oak and hornbeam of Area A Woodland Carpinus betulus coppice with ash Fraxinus excelsior coppice also present. The ground flora is generally poor due to shading but some anchient woodland indicators present in clearings including bluebells Hyacinthoides non-sripta and anemone Anemone nemorosa. Understorey consists of elder Sambucus nigra and holly Ilex aquifolim with much regeneration ash and oak. Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is present where wood is dominated by oak. Adjoins Markstakes Common forming a potentially important wildlife corridor. Markstakes SNCI The site contains scrub, woodland, three ponds, a TQ 400 180 100 m east of Common disused clay pit and a large open area dominated by Area A, 250 m bracken Pteridium aquilinum. The woodland has a east of Area B diverse canopy structure with species including oak Quercus robur, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Ground flora is varied and includes primrose Primula vulgaris, common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsia and dog violet Viola canina. The ponds are heavily shaded and lack aquatic vegetation. The quarry is botanically diverse but rapidly being invaded by bracken. Key: SNCI: Site of Nature Conservation Importance Table 3.1: Sites with Non-Statutory Protection present within 1 km of the site

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3.2 PROTECTED SPECIES The desk study identified a number of protected species within 1 km of the edge of the site. These are summarised in Table 3.2. Some of these species are also listed within the Local BAP and/or as priority species within the UK BAP. Only species recorded within the last 25 years are included within the table.

A number of locally rare species were also identified during the data search

Records of dormouse Muscardinus avellarius were identified from NBN Gateway approximately 2 km north of the survey site. Dormouse are protected under schedule 5 and 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, under Annex III of the Berne Convention and under Annex IV of the European Communities Council Directive on the conservation habitats and fauna.

The absence of records should not be taken as confirmation that a species is absent from the search area.

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Number of Approximate Distance From Site Local UK Scientific Name Common Name Protection records Boundary of Nearest Record BAP BAP Mammals WCA Schedule 5 & 6 ECH Annexes IV Eptesicus serotinus Serotine 2 300 m west (Area A) - - Bonn Convention Annex II Berne Convention Annex II WCA Schedule 5 & 6 Potentially 400 m north east* (Area ECH Annexes IV Myotis bechsteinii Bechstein’s Bat 2 - A) Bonn Convention Annex II Berne Convention Annex II WCA Schedule 5 & 6 ECH Annexes IV Pipistrellus pipistrellus Common Pipistrelle 1 250 m south west - Bonn Convention Annex II Berne Convention Annex II WCA Schedule 5 & 6 Brown Long-eared ECH Annexes IV Plecotus auritus 7 200m south (Area A) - Bat Bonn Convention Annex II Berne Convention Annex II Birds Potentially 400 m south east* (Area Carduelis cabaret Lesser Redpoll 1 - RSPB Amber Data List A) WCA Schedule 1 ECB Crex crex Corn Crake 1 Within 200 m of site* - Berne Convention Annex II RSPB Red Data List Cuculus canorus Cuckoo 5 Potentially 50 m west* (Area B) - RSPB Amber Data List Berne Convention Annex II Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer 3 Potentially 400 m east* (Area A) - RSPB Red Data List Berne Convention Annex II Muscicapa striata Spotted flycatcher 4 Potentially 100 m west* (Area B) - Bonn Convention Annex II RSPB Red Data List Streptoilia turtur Turtle Dove 2 Potentially 400 m east* (Area A) - RSPB Red Data List Vanellus vanellus Northern Lapwing 4 Potentially 400 m east* (Area A) - RSPB Amber Data List Table 3.2 Protected/BAP Species within 1 km of the Site (continues)

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Number of Approximate Distance From Site Local UK Scientific Name Common Name Protection records Boundary of Nearest Record BAP BAP Herpetofauna WCA Schedule 5 (S9(1) killing & injuring only) Anguis fragilis Slow Worm 4 Within 200 m of site* - Berne Convention Annex III Listed on Sussex Rare Species Inventory WCA Schedule 5 (S9(1) killing & injuring only) Within Brickworks, 50 m south of Natrix natrix Grass Snake 7 - Berne Convention Annex III Listed on Sussex Area B Rare Species Inventory WCA Schedule 5 (S9(1) killing & injuring only) Potentially 400 m north east* (Area Vipera berus Adder 3 - Berne Convention Annex III Listed on Sussex A) Rare Species Inventory WCA Schedule 5 (S9(1) killing & injuring only) Zootoca vivipara Viviparous Lizard 1 Within Area A - Berne Convention Annex III Fish Salmo trutta Brown Trout 3 Potentially 500 m south* - Invertebrates Potentially 400 m north east* (Area Coenonympha pamphilu Small Heath 1 - A) Potentially 400 m north east* (Area Lasiommata megera Wall 1 - A) Potentially 400 m north east* (Area WCA Schedule 5 (S9 (5) sale only) Plebejus argus Silver Studded Blue 1 - A) Key RSPB Amber Data List: Species with unfavourable conservation status is WCA: Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981; Europe, historical population decline and moderate population decline in last CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 25 years. ECH: European Communities Council Directive on the conservation habitats and fauna RSPB Red Data List: Globally threatened species with rapid decline in ECB: European Communities Council Directive on the conservation of wild birds breeding population in last 25 years. Local BAP: Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan *Record only provided to 4-figure grid reference UKBAP: UK Biodiversity Action Plan

Table 3.2 cont. Protected/BAP Species within 1 km of the Site (continues)

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

4. EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY

4.1 INTRODUCTION The survey was completed on 18 June 2008 The weather conditions at the time of the survey are shown in Table 4.1.

Conditions Result Temperature (oC) 20 Cloud Cover (%) 100 Precipitation Dry Wind Speed (Beaufort) F3-4 Table 4.1: Weather conditions at time of survey

The results of the Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey are presented in Section 4.2. Two annotated Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey Drawings (Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Numbers C102747-01 -Area A and 02 -Area B) are attached in Appendix 2. These drawings illustrate the location of all the habitat types recorded at the site and notes any areas of ecological interest. Target notes discussed within the text can be found on Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Numbers 102747-01 and 02, Appendix 2.

4.2 HABITATS The following habitat types were recorded at the site (listed in alphabetical order):

• Bare ground, • Bracken, • Broadleaved plantation woodland, • Building, • Dense scrub, • Dry ditch, • Fence, • Improved grassland, • Inundation vegetation, • Other habitat – establishing vegetation, • Scattered broadleaved trees, • Scattered scrub,

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• Semi-natural broadleaved woodland, • Standing water and • Tall ruderal vegetation.

These habitats are outlined below; they are ordered alphabetically, not by ecological importance. The value of each habitat is discussed in Section 5.3.

Bare ground Area A Bare ground, consisting of exposed earth, dominated the quarry in the centre of Area A. Vegetation had begun to establish in small areas, species present included rough dogs-tail Cynosurus echinatus, scarlet pimpernel Anagallis arvensis subsp. arvensis and dock Rumex sp. The access roads surrounding the quarry also comprised bare ground.

Area B The southern half of Area B was dominated by bare ground in the form of exposed earth. This area of Area B was utilised for brick storage and included a large pile of reject bricks (Target Note 2, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-02, Appendix 2).

Bracken A band of bracken Pteridium aquilinum was situated along the eastern edge of Area A.

Broadleaved plantation woodland A small section of broadleaved plantation woodland was recorded in the north west of Area A. The trees present were young, in good condition and approximately 3 m in height. The majority of the trees had rabbit guards present. Tree species present included silver birch Betula pendula, willow Salix sp. and oak Quercus robur. The ground flora within this area was dominated by grass species with some scattered scrub dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg.

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Building A small, single storey, corrugated asbestos building was recorded towards the northern boundary of Area B. This structure had a window and door cut out of the panelling.

Dense scrub Area A The northern and eastern edges of Area A were dominated by dense scrub. The scrub along the eastern boundary was very dense and almost entirely dominated by bramble (Target Note 2, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-01, Appendix 2). The scrub along the northern boundary was generally less dense and consisted of a mixture of bramble, gorse Ulex europaeus and elder Sambucus nigra. Two smaller sections of scrub, one on the eastern bank of the quarry and the other along the edge of the woodland, entirely comprised gorse (Target Note 3, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-01, Appendix 2).

Area B Dense scrub was present across Area B. Some of the areas of scrub were dominated by bramble (Target Note 3, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-02, Appendix 2). Blackthorn Prunus spinosa dominated the sections of scrub along the eastern and western boundaries of the improved grassland in the north east of the site (Target Note 4, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-02, Appendix 2). Hedge bindweed Calystegia sepium was in the scrub present within the woodland in the north east of Area B.

Dry ditch Area A A shallow, dry ditch was present along the north western edge of the quarry in Area A. The ditch was approximately 1 m wide with gently sloping banks. The ditch had a clay substrate with some establishing vegetation recorded including willowherb Epilobium sp. and dock. Small sections of dry ditch, interspersed with sections of wet ditch, were present within the woodland to the south of the existing quarry. The ditch

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey was approximately 0.5 m wide and varied in depth from 0.2 m to 0.5 m. The dry sections of ditch were generally devoid of vegetation with some dead leaves present.

Area B A small section of dry ditch was present in the south of Area B. The ditch was approximately 0.5 m wide with moderately sloping banks. The ditch was dominated by grassland vegetation and scattered bramble scrub.

Fences Area A Wooden panel fences 1.8 m in height formed parts of the south western boundary of Area A. Wooden post and wire fencing 1.2 m in height was also present within the woodland area in the south of Area A and along the eastern boundary.

Area B Security fencing 1.8 m in height surrounded a mobile phone mast in the south of Area B (Target Note 1, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-02, Appendix 2). Mesh fencing 1.8 m in height surrounded a small compound in the south of Area B. Wooden post and wire fencing 1.2 m in height was recorded along the edge of the woodland and improved grassland in the north of Area B.

The fencing in both areas supported minimal vegetation and was in moderate condition.

Improved grassland There were three large areas of improved grassland within Area B. The improved grassland was rough and overgrown. Grass species recorded included meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis, cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata, yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus and couch Elytrigia repens. The grassland also contained numerous forb species including; silverweed Potentilla anserine, dock, white clover Trifolium repens, greater plantain Plantago major, common vetch Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis, lesser stitchwort Stellaria graminea, creeping cinquefoil Potentilla reptans and mullein Verbascum sp.

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Inundation vegetation The area to the north of the standing water within the quarry in Area A consisted of inundation vegetation. This area was dry at the time of survey but was dominated by reed mace Typha latifolia with occasional hard rush Juncus inflexus and soft rush Juncus effuses also recorded. This area appeared to be periodically wet and is known to form the quarry lagoon sump area.

Other habitat – establishing vegetation The northern and eastern banks of the quarry in Area A comprised establishing vegetation. Sections of the banks contained a dense cover of vegetation whilst other areas were quite sparse with large areas of exposed clay recorded. An area in the north east of the quarry was dominated by birds-foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus (Target Note 4, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-01, Appendix 2).

This habitat type included tall ruderal/ephemeral species such as; ragwort Senecio jacobaea, willowherb, creeping cinquefoil, scarlet pimpernel, yarrow Achillea millefolium, birds-foot trefoil, creeping thistle Cirsium arvense, prickly sow thistle Sonchus asper and perforate st johns-wort Hypericum perforatum. Establishing grass species included rough dogs-tail, Yorkshire fog and tufted hair-grass Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa. Scattered scrub including willow Salix sp. and gorse were also recorded within this habitat.

Scattered broadleaved trees Area A Scattered broadleaved trees were present within the scrub along the northern and eastern boundaries of Area A. The trees were a mixture of early mature and mature specimens. The trees were generally in good condition with no cracks or crevices recorded. Species present within Area A included silver birch, willow, oak and ash.

Area B Mature oak trees were present in the south eastern corner of Area B. These trees were mature and appeared to be in good condition with no cracks recorded.

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Scattered scrub Area A Scattered scrub was present along the northern bank of the quarry within Area A. The scrub consisted of gorse, willow, bramble and hawthorn.

Area B Scattered gorse and bramble scrub was identified across the improved grassland area in the south east of Area B.

Semi-natural broadleaved woodland Area A The southern half of Area A was dominated by broadleaved woodland. The main body of the woodland resembled old coppice woodland. Oak dominated the woodland with aspen Populus tremula, hornbeam Carpinus betulus, willow, ash and silver birch also recorded. The trees ranged from early mature to mature and were generally in good condition.

The woodland understorey comprised scattered hazel, holly, elder and bramble. Honeysuckle was also recorded within the woodland. The canopy was quite dense, allowing little light to the ground, resulting in a limited range of ground flora. Ground flora present within the wood included; wood avens Geum urbanum, ground ivy Glechoma hederacea and wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella. Ground flora along the edge of the woodland included; bracken, hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica, hop trefoil Trifolium campestre, wood speedwell Veronica Montana and foxglove Digitalis purpurea.

A small section of woodland to the south of Area A was separated from the main woodland body by a track. This section of woodland appeared to have unstable soils as numerous trees were uprooted. The trees within this section were mostly early mature and in good condition with no cracks or crevices recorded. Tree species present within this section resembled those within the main woodland with the addition of goat willow Salix caprea, hawthorn, blackthorn and dogwood Cornus

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey sanguinea. Ground flora within and surrounding this section resembled that of the main woodland area with the addition of common spotted orchid along the northern edge of this woodland section.

Area B The northern half of Area B was dominated by broadleaved woodland. This woodland contained a diverse age range of trees with several very old mature trees towards the east of the woodland. It is considered that this section of the site may have previously been wood pasture that has subsequently been encroached by trees and scrub. Tree species present include beech Fagus sylvatica, oak, ash, grey willow Salix cinerea subsp. cinerea, silver birch and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus.

The woodland understorey comprised elder, hawthorn, bramble and holly. This area of woodland had a more diverse ground flora as the canopy cover was less dense than in Area A. Species present included herb Robert Geranium robertianum, garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata, cleavers Galium aparine, wood avens, dock, bracken and bluebell. Numerous grass species were also noted along the edges of the woodland.

The woodland along the western boundary of Area B resembled an overgrown hedgerow approximately 4-6 m in width. The trees were early mature specimens and included ash, oak, hawthorn and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Rhododendron Rhododendron sp. was also recorded along this section of woodland. The ground flora within this area included grass species, field rose Rosa arvensis and ivy Hedera helix.

Standing water Area A Large areas of standing water were present at the bottom of the existing quarry. The size and depth of these waterbodies appeared to fluctuate greatly dependent on rainfall. A pump was present within one of the pools and it is understood that these pools are regularly drained as they are an integral part of the quarry operation. The pools contained no aquatic vegetation. Marginal vegetation exclusively consisted of

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey reed mace. The waterbodies were between 10-20 m in diameter and of an unknown depth.

A wet ditch, believed to be an outlet for runoff from the brickworks, was present within the woodland in the south of Area A. The ditch was approximately 1 m wide with gently sloping banks. The ditch had a clay substrate with no aquatic or marginal vegetation recorded.

A wider wet ditch was noted at the southern edge of the quarry (adjacent to Target Note 1, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing Number 102747-01, Appendix 2). This ditch was approximately 2-3 m wide and of unknown depth due to poor water clarity. The ditch contained a large amount of reedmace. The ditch become narrower as it entered the woodland, eventually joining with the wet ditch descibed above.

Area B Two ponds were situated within the woodland, one in the north and the other in the east of Area B. The pond in the north was approximately 15 m long, 5 m wide and L- shaped. This pond was heavily shaded by the surrounding woodland and contained no aquatic or marginal vegetation. The pond in the east was approximately 12-15 m long and 5-8 m wide. This pond was less shaded than the pond in the north and contained some marginal vegetation. The pond had a film on the water surface and as such its depth could not be estimated.

A concrete tank filled with water was present in the south of Area B. The tank was approximately 12 m long by 5 m wide with vertical concrete sides. This tank contained some aquatic weed and gold fish Carassius auratus were noted.

A wet ditch was present along the western edge of Area B. The ditch was approximately 0.5 m wide with moderately sloping banks. The ditch contained some aquatic vegetation including reed mace.

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Tall Ruderal Vegetation Area A Small sections of tall ruderal vegetation were recorded on bunds to the south west of the quarry. Species recorded included; rough dogs tail, Yorkshire fog, ragwort, dock, willowherb, creeping cinquefoil, scarlet pimpernel, yarrow, bristly oxtongue Picris echioides, birds-foot trefoil, creeping thistle, creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens, tufted hair grass, selfheal Prunella vulgaris and white clover.

Area B Tall ruderal vegetation was confined to the north of Area B. The tall ruderal section within the woodland was dominated by nettle Urtica dioica. The tall ruderal adjacent to the building consisted of willowherb, nettle, dock, hogweed Heracleum sphondylium and cleavers. A patch of burdock Arctium sp. Was recorded along the fence in the north east of Area B.

4.3 FAUNA The season/time of year dictates the number of faunal species liable to be present. Table 4.2 shows the species observed at the site at the time of the survey.

Common Name Scientific Name Blackbird Turdus merula Fox Vulpes vulpes Great tit Parus major Large skipper Ochlodes sylvanus Robin Erithacus rubecula Roe deer Capreolus capreolus Small white Pieris rapae Song thrush*+ Turdus philomelos Speckled wood Pararge aegeria Turtle dove* Strepoila turtur Wood pigeon Columba palumbus Yellowhammer* Emberiza citrinella Key *RSPB Red Data List + LBAP Species Table 4.2 Faunal species recorded during the field survey

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5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This section provides conclusions drawn from the desk study and field survey.

5.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES A review of the desk study data revealed that Kiln Wood, which forms part of the southern extent of Area A, is designated as a Site of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCI). If the quarry is extended south into the woodland then this will have a significant impact upon this wildlife site. Works within this area may also impact upon Markstakes Common SNCI which is situated 100 m east of Area A.

It is considered if the works are undertaken within Area B then this will not negatively impact upon either Kiln Wood SNCI or Markstakes Common SNCI due to the distances involved and the nature of the intervening habitat.

5.2 HABITATS None of the habitats within the site are ecologically important on a regional, national or county scale due to their frequency of occurrence. The local significance of these habitats is indicated in Table 5.1. The habitats within the site range in ecological value from low to high; the habitat of greatest ecological interest on site is the broadleaved woodland. The ecological value takes the range of species likely to be supported by the habitat and the ease at which it can be recreated into account. For example amenity grassland generally supports a lower range of species than, for example mature trees, and is also more readily recreated so therefore deemed to have a lower ecological value.

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Habitat Ecological Value Justification Bare ground Low Bare ground supports few species and can be easily recreated. Bracken Low-moderate Provides valuable resource for large range of invertebrates. Small mammals and herpetofauna may utilise this habitat for shelter. However it is easily replicated. Broadleaved plantation Low-moderate The trees are young and not of significant size to support woodland nesting birds. This habitat could be easily recreated. Buildings Low No suitable features for roosting bats. Easily recreated. May provide nesting area for birds. Dense scrub Moderate Large expanses of dense scrub provide shelter for small mammals, herpetofauna and invertebrates. Scrub in this form also provides valuable nesting resource for birds. Dry ditch Low Supports little vegetation. Easily recreated. Fence Low Supporting little vegetation and well represented in surrounding area. Improved grassland Low* Low species diversity. Provides suitable foraging habitat for small mammals and herpetofauna. Well represented in the surrounding area and easily recreated. Inundation vegetation Low Vegetation was sparse and provided little resource for fauna. May be of higher value when inundated with water. Other habitat –establishing Low-moderate Provides basking areas for reptiles, optimal habitat for vegetation butterflies and food source for birds. Reasonably easy to recreate. Scattered broadleaved trees Moderate Most of trees in good condition with no suitable roosting features for bats. The trees provide some potential nesting habitat for birds. The mature trees are not easily replaced. Scattered scrub Low Easily recreated. Offers some food resource for invertebrates and birds. Low suitability for nesting birds due to low foliage density. Semi-natural broadleaved High Complex and infrequent habitat. Difficult to recreate/replace. woodland Provides nesting habitat for birds, foraging habitat for mammals and food source for invertebrates. Standing water Moderate Represent an important resource for a range of species.. These are, however, generally poor quality ponds with limited marginal or emergent vegetation. The permanent loss of these habitats would be detrimental to local ecology but they could be easily recreated. Tall ruderal vegetation Low Well represented in the surrounding area. Provides foraging area and food resource for birds and small mammals. Easily recreated. Key * Will increase in value if reptiles are subsequently found. Table 5.1 Ecological Value of Habitats Identified Within the Site

The quarry operations are known to extend partially into the broadleaved woodland in Area A but remaining north of the dry ditch. In Area B the quarrying will consume much of the survey area but providing a stand-off from the boundaries. It is understood that the restoration will contain further plantation and creation of water bodies in Areas A and B.

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The habitat values across the site range from low to high. The majority of the habitats could be reasonably easily recreated if disturbed by the works. It is considered that significant loss of woodland or mature trees would impact upon the ecology of the site and care would be required to implement suitable mitigation to ensure that any resulting habitat is not fragmented from the surrounding landscape.

5.3 PROTECTED SPECIES The desk study identified records of protected species within 1 km of the survey area. The field survey identified potential presence and/or suitable habitat of several protected species. Where the site provides potential habitat for a particular species then the relevant legislation is included in Appendix 3.

Mammals Bats Four species of bat were identified within 1 km of the survey site. The site offers suitable foraging habitat for bats including scattered trees, broadleaved woodland, dense scrub and standing water. The trees within the woodland and the scattered trees appeared to be in good condition with no obvious cracks or crevices suitable for roosting bats, however, all the trees were not fully investigated during the field survey. The building present within Area B offers no roosting features for bats. A bat survey is required to determine any potential impact of the works on this species prior to any foraging habitat removal or felling of any trees.

Badger No records of badgers Meles meles were provided within the desk study. During the field survey no evidence of badgers such as latrines, tracks or setts was identified. Areas A and B, however, provide suitable habitat for badgers in the form of broadleaved woodland, scrub and rough grassland. A badger survey would be required to determine the impact of the expansion works on this species.

Dormouse The desk study identified records of dormouse approximately 2 km north of the survey area. The woodland within the site offers some suitable habitat for dormouse;

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey however the understorey of the woodland was quite sparse, reducing its suitability for this species. A dormouse habitat assessment would be required to assess for the impact upon this species.

Birds The desk study identified seven species of bird within 1 km of the site. Four of these are on the RSPB Red Data List and are of high conservation concern. Corncrake are protected under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act and as such are afforded higher protection. It is considered that the record within the desk study is likely to be a transient individual due to the date of the record (October). As such it is considered that this species will not be impacted by any proposed works. Lesser redpoll identified within the desk study are unlikely to utilise the habitats present on site as they are largely unsuitable for this species. The site offers potential nesting habitat for the remaining birds identified within the desk study.

Several bird species were recorded during the field survey including two Red Data List species, turtle dove and song thrush (also UK BAP species). These species and others are likely to use most vegetation present on site for nesting. The building within Area B may also be utilised by nesting birds.

The loss of woodland, scattered trees or scrub may affect birds within the locality by reducing the number of suitable nesting locations, in addition to reducing foraging and roosting habitat. Loss of habitat can be ameliorated by the inclusion of suitable nest boxes and the inclusion of native species within any landscape design and restoration.

Herpetofauna Reptiles The desk study identified records of viviparous lizard and grass snake within with brickworks. Slow worm and adder were also recorded within 1 km of the survey area. Area A and Area B offer suitable habitat for reptiles including bare ground for basking, with associated with scrub and woodland for refuge. The quarry expansion works may impact upon reptiles. A reptile survey would be required to determine the impact of the expansion works on this species.

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Great crested newts No records of great crested newts were identified within the desk study. Site A offers little aquatic habitat for great crested newts. The water bodies within the quarry are regularly drained and have very little aquatic habitat with none being suitable for great crested newt egg laying. The ditches are understood to be regularly flushed with water and contain little suitable egg laying habitat for great crested newts. The dense scrub with associated establishing vegetation provides some potential terrestrial habitat for this species.

Site B contains two ponds, one is heavily shaded with no aquatic vegetation the other contains some aquatic vegetation suitable for great crested newt egg laying. The wet ditch within Area B also provides suitable aquatic habitat for this species. Site B contains suitable terrestrial habitat for newts with rough grassland associated with dense scrub and piles of brick providing suitable foraging and refuge for this species.

Great crested newts generally occupy a terrestrial range over an area of approximately 500 m radius from a breeding pond. Assessment of an ordnance survey map (1:25,000) revealed that there appear to be 12 ponds within a 500 m radius of the survey area. Great crested newts may therefore be affected by the future quarry working. As stated above, the water bodies within the quarry are considered largely unsuitable for great crested newts, however the remaining two ponds within Area B could offer suitable habitat for great crested newts.

A great crested newt survey would be required to determine the impact of the expansion works on this species. This study should include the wet ditches and ponds within Area B, the wet ditches within Area A and all water bodies considered suitable within a 500 m radius of the works. It is considered that the active working water bodies within the quarry should not require survey due to the unsuitable nature and regular de-watering regime.

Fish Brown trout were identified within 1 km of the study area. The site offers no potential habitat for this species.

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

Invertebrates Three species of butterfly were identified within the desk study. The establishing vegetation associated with the dense scrub on the northern bank of Area A offers ideal habitat for butterflies. The rough grassland within Area B may also be utilised by a range of butterfly species.

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

6. RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1 NATURE CONSERVATION SITES As part of Area A is designated as an SNCI and Ancient Woodland, it is recommended that if the woodland is to be affected by the works then discussions be undertaken with the local council and Natural England.

6.2 HABITATS Tree Protection All mature trees, woodland and hedgerows which are not to be removed should be protected during the works this may be done through the erection of fencing in accordance with BS5837 (2005) ‘Guide for Trees in Relation to Construction’ prior to bringing any equipment, machinery or materials onto site. Any protection measures should be maintained throughout the works to ensure no damage to trees or hedgerows. No storage of machinery or materials should take place within close proximity of hedgerows or trees.

Site Enhancement In accordance with the provision of Planning Policy Statement 9 (Biodiversity & Geological Conservation) (ODPM, 2005) and Local Planning Policy, a habitat/species enhancement scheme should be drawn up to offset habitat losses. The new planting should include suitable native species or those attractive to wildlife.

6.3 PROTECTED SPECIES Bats It is recommedned that a bat survey should be undertaken on any of the trees proposed for removal. A bat activity survey should also be undertaken to determine the potential impacts on this species.

Badgers A badger survey should be undertaken prior to commencement of works. This survey should cover of the proposed works area and a 30 m radius.

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

Dormouse If the woodlands are to be affected then a dormouse habitat assessment should be undertaken on the site prior to commencement of works.

Birds If any trees, woodland, scrub or areas of tall vegetation are to be removed, these works should be undertaken outside of the bird-nesting season. The bird-breeding season is weather dependent but generally extends from March to September inclusive. If birds are found to be nesting any works which may affect them would have to be delayed until the young have fledged and the nest has been abandoned naturally.

Reptiles A reptile survey should be undertaken on the site prior to any vegetation removal or removal of any log piles, rubble piles or other suitable reptile habitat.

Great Crested Newts A great crested newt habitat assessment should be undertaken on all ponds within the site (excluding those at the base of the quarry) and within a 500 m radius of the site. The survey should also assess the connectivity of the works to the surrounding ponds.

Butterflies If the northern bank of Area A is to be affected by the works then it is recommended that a survey for butterflies be undertaken.

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7. REFERENCES & BIBLIOGRAPHY

English Nature (2004) Reptiles: guidelines for developers. English Nature, Peterborough.

IEA (1995) Guidelines for Baseline Ecological Assessment, Institute of Environmental Assessment. E&FN Spon, An Imprint of Chapman and Hall. London.

JNCC, (1993). Handbook for Phase 1 Habitat Survey: A technique for environmental audit (reprint). Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough.

Magic (2008). Site Check Report. www.magic.gov.uk

Mitchell-Jones A.J. & McLeish (2004) The Bat Workers’ Manual, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough.

National Biodiversity Network Website (2008) www.searchnbn.net

ODPM (2005) Planning Policy Statement 9: Biodiversity and Geological Conservation. http://www.communities.gov.uk/publications/planningandbuilding/planningpolicystat ement12

Shropshire Biological Records Centre (2008)

UK BAP website www.ukbap.org

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8. APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 Desk Study Data

APPENDIX 2 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey Drawings Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing No: C102747-01 Middlemarch Environmental Ltd Drawing No: C102747-02

APPENDIX 3 Relevant Protected Species Legislation

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APPENDIX 1

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Desktop Biodiversity Report

Land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius

ESD/08/370

Prepared for Laurence Chittock (Middlemarch Environmental Ltd) – 19th June 2008

This report is not to be passed on to third parties without prior permission of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Please be aware that printing maps from this report requires an appropriate OS licence. It must not be assumed that this report contains the definitive species information for the site concerned. Biological recording often takes place on an ad hoc basis and some species groups are better recorded than others. We recommend a full ecological site appraisal to complement the information contained in this report.

Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre report regarding land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius

ESD/08/370 19/06/2008 Laurence Chittock Middlemarch Environmental Ltd

This report was compiled using data held at SxBRC at the time of printing. The Record Centre takes data validation very seriously, but cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of data included in this report.

Enclosed within this report is information specific to the enquiry site:

Rare Species - RSI Protected Species - PSR Bird Inventory Sussex Invasive Alien Species Report Survey Information - ESD Map Ancient Woodland

SNCI L27 - Kiln Wood & Starvecrow Wood SNCI L67 - Markstakes Common SNCI

SSSI None

Other Ancient Woodland ORDNANCE SURVEY MAPS

Members of the public wishing to reproduce maps made by the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre under East and West Sussex County Council or Brighton and Hove City Council licences must use copying facilities that have been authorised by the Ordnance Survey.

Printers and Copyshops in Sussex licensed to reproduce Ordnance Survey Maps:

Reprographic Centre 8 Bond Street Brighton BN1 1RD Tel: 01273 321051

Reflex Drawing Office Supplies Ltd 118-120 The Hornet Chichester PO19 4JR Tel: 01243 782564

Repropoint Unit 2 The Brunel Centre Newton Road Crawley RH10 2TE Tel: 01293 565550

Prontaprint 18 Castle Street Hastings TN34 1XV Tel: 01424 445300

The Business Bureau Ltd 2 – 6 The Broadway Haywards Heath RH16 3HH Tel: 01444 417111 Otters in your Enquiry Area

East and West Sussex together have over 4,500 km of rivers and tributaries. Recent improvements to the state of our rivers and a significant reduction in persecution has led, very encouragingly, to the slow return of the otter to both East and West Sussex. This species had sadly become extinct in the area in the late 1960’s.

Signs of otter activity have been found in all of the Sussex catchments in the last few years and as such if there is a river or tributary in or within 1km of your enquiry area please be aware of the potential for otters in the vicinity, especially if you are undertaking operations that may impact potential otter habitat.

All Sussex otter records are held by SxBRC but are not included in SxBRC enquiry responses as it has been requested that they remain confidential unless the express permission of the Sussex Otters and Rivers Project is given. SxBRC will liaise with the project officer on the enquirers behalf.

Otters are nowhere near their former numbers in Sussex and remain very vulnerable.

It is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Sections 9.1 and 9.4, Schedule 5) to kill, injure or take an otter from the wild without a licence; to damage or obstruct a holt; or disturb an otter in its resting place. Licences are required for checking holts or for carrying out work that may disturb otters, such as the management of trees that are known to be used as resting sites. English Nature are responsible for issuing these licences in England.

The otter is listed in the Bern Convention and the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES). It requires special protection measures under the European Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC).

Please re-contact the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre if you need further information about otters in your enquiry area. [email protected]

If permission is granted by the Sussex Otters and Rivers Project to pass on otter data SxBRC reserve the right to make an appropriate administrative charge for the time taken in responding to the enquiry. Normal SxBRC rates apply.

Badgers in your Enquiry Area

The badger Meles meles is one of our most recognisable native British mammals. Though not considered rare they are protected by unique legislation. Their natural history and the protection they are afforded are summarised below:

Badgers are omnivorous and forage in grasslands, woodlands and arable fields, the earthworm making up the largest part of their diet. They live in social groups and are fierce in defending their territory against other groups to help ensure sufficient foraging habitat to sustain them throughout the year. The boundaries are well patrolled and are marked by well-worn paths and latrines. A territory in some cases will have a main sett, subsidiary, annex and outlying setts, the size, function and level of activity of which vary throughout the year.

Many parts of East and West Sussex provide suitable habitat for badgers, both for setts and foraging. Many badger territories have become fragmented due to the encroachment of housing development and roads and as such they are not now confined to rural areas alone and are now known in more urban areas. With careful planning, involving inclusion of wildlife corridors to allow them access to foraging grounds, they manage to survive.

Badgers are not considered rare but are protected along with their setts under The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 and schedule 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981, as amended).

It is an offence to kill, injure, or take a badger or interfere with a badger sett. “Interference” is defined by section 3 of The Protection of Badgers Act and includes damaging or destroying a badger sett; obstructing any entrance to a sett and also disturbing a badger when it is occupying a sett.

If you need to do any work near to a sett (within 30m) you must contact English Nature for guidance as your activities may require a licence, or contact your local badger group. This can be found by telephoning Badger Trust on 0207 2286444 or logging on to their web-site at www.badger.org.uk

With continued persecution of badgers, often for the most cruel and barbaric ‘sport’, badger records are not included in the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre enquiry responses, as it has been requested that they remain confidential. If you need further information about badgers in your enquiry area please contact the Badger Trust – Sussex, on 07910 198720.

BAP Priority Species List for Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius Prepared for Laurence Chittock (Middlemarch Environmental Ltd) ESD/08/370 19/06/2008

Common Name Scientific Name Taxon Group 1 km Square Earliest Record Date Lastest Record Date Number of Records Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris terrestrial mammal TQ4017 1965 1965 1 Brown Long-Eared Bat Plecotus auritus terrestrial mammal TQ3817 16/08/1987 29/08/1997 2 Brown Long-Eared Bat Plecotus auritus terrestrial mammal TQ3818 12/08/1986 15/01/1997 4 Brown Long-Eared Bat Plecotus auritus terrestrial mammal TQ3917 01/06/1989 01/06/1989 1 Bechstein's Bat Myotis bechsteinii terrestrial mammal TQ4018 27/06/2007 27/06/2007 2 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella bird TQ4017 1991 01/05/1999 3 Lesser Redpoll Carduelis cabaret bird TQ4016 14/01/1998 14/01/1998 1 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata bird TQ3818 30/06/2002 30/06/2002 1 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata bird TQ4017 01/05/1998 01/05/1999 2 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus bird TQ3918 04/06/1997 04/06/1997 1 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus bird TQ4017 04/06/1997 01/05/1999 2 Cuckoo Cuculus canorus bird TQ4017 1991 1997 2 Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur bird TQ4017 1991 16/07/2004 2 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus bird TQ4016 25/11/1997 25/11/1997 1 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus bird TQ4017 04/06/1997 01/05/1999 3 Corn Crake Crex crex bird TQ3917 05/10/1995 05/10/1995 1 Adder Vipera berus reptile TQ4018 2004 10/06/1993 3 Grass Snake Natrix natrix reptile TQ3916 01/01/1990 01/01/1990 2 Grass Snake Natrix natrix reptile TQ3917 01/01/1988 01/03/1996 3 Grass Snake Natrix natrix reptile TQ3918 13/08/1998 13/08/1998 1 Grass Snake Natrix natrix reptile TQ4017 12/04/1991 12/04/1991 1 Viviparous Lizard Zootoca vivipara reptile TQ3917 06/05/1992 06/05/1992 1 Slow-worm Anguis fragilis reptile TQ3916 01/01/1990 01/01/1990 2 Slow-worm Anguis fragilis reptile TQ3917 01/01/1988 01/01/1988 2 Brown/Sea Trout Salmo trutta bony fish (Actinopterygii) TQ3816 27/01/2006 27/01/2006 1 Brown/Sea Trout Salmo trutta bony fish (Actinopterygii) TQ3916 27/01/2006 27/01/2006 1 Brown/Sea Trout Salmo trutta bony fish (Actinopterygii) TQ4016 27/01/2006 27/01/2006 1 Common Name Scientific Name Taxon Group 1 km Square Earliest Record Date Lastest Record Date Number of Records Small Heath Coenonympha pamphilusinsect - butterfly TQ4018 2004 2004 1 Wall Lasiommata megera insect - butterfly TQ4018 2004 2004 1 Silver-Studded Blue Plebejus argus insect - butterfly TQ4018 2004 2004 1 SUSSEX RARE SPECIES INVENTORY

The Sussex Rare Species Inventory (SxRSI) contains over 3,400 species. These species are selected according to strict criteria of rarity associated with their occurrence in Sussex. The list covers all of the rare species of Sussex in all taxa except birds (see Sussex Bird Inventory explanation sheet).

The criteria for selection of species (other than birds) are listed below:

 All species in the British Red Data Books including all Notable fauna and Nationally Scarce flora and British endemic taxa which have ever occurred in Sussex whether extinct or not  Species within the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP species)  Internationally rare taxa cited in the Bern Convention, IUCN Red Data lists, or EU Habitats Directive which are not covered by any of the above (provisional criterion; other lists may be added later)  County rarities

The Inventory forms part of a larger database of Sussex records (over 1.5 million records). No attempt is made to include every record for every rare species. The RSI has been designed to be comprehensive for species but representative for records. This is managed in several ways:

 Only the most recent record of a rare species is labelled at each site.  Closely-spaced records are only labelled at 1km intervals. Thus there are large numbers of unlabelled records of heavily recorded rare species especially on well recorded sites.  Some species are protected and rare and therefore show up in reports on both these categories. However Protected Species Register (PSR) records are labelled so that only one record per species per 100m square is flagged up and the RSI records are labelled so that only one record per species per 1km square is flagged.  In the case of bat records, only breeding, hibernating or roosting sites are labelled in both lists (except for Habitats Directive Annex II bats for which all relevant records are labelled).  The following species are relatively common in Sussex but are in the RSI because they are Notable or Nationally Scarce. Only one record of these species is labelled per 2Km tetrad:

Round-headed Rampion Phyteuma orbiculare Frogbit Hydrocharis morus-ranae Adonis Blue Lysandra bellargus Long-winged Conehead Conocephalus discolor Door snail Macrogastra rolphii Variable Damselfly Coenagrion pulchellum Downy Emerald Cordulea aenea

SxRSI records are updated weekly with advice and records provided by taxonomic experts.

Confidential Records The SXBRC holds a few records that are confidential. Confidentiality can be for a variety of reasons but usually to benefit the site or the species. Full details of these records are not disclosed but the enquirer is referred back to SxBRC if further information is needed. Please see the end of your RSI report for any reference to confidential records found within your enquiry area.

A full SxRSI Species List is available on request.

For records of rare vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens the Record Centre recommends the Sussex Rare Plant Register, compiled by the Sussex Botanical Recording Society. This gives up to date (2001) information on the distribution and status of over 400 Sussex Rare Plants, putting data from SxRSI reports into a Sussex-wide context. Please look on the publication page of www.sxbrc.org.uk for more information. CATEGORIES OF RARITY

The following is a summary of the IUCN categories of rarity. For a full listing and explanation see the http://www.redlist.org/info/categories_criteria2001.html .

EXTINCT (EX) A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EXTINCT IN THE WILD (EW) A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR) A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. ENDANGERED (EN) A taxon is Endangered when it is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. VULNERABLE (VU) A taxon is Vulnerable when it is considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NEAR THREATENED (NT) A taxon is Near Threatened when it is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future. LEAST CONCERN (LC) A taxon is Least Concern when it has been evaluated against the criteria and does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened. DATA DEFICIENT (DD) A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. NOT EVALUATED (NE) A taxon is Not Evaluated when it is has not yet been evaluated against the criteria. REGIONALLY SCARCE (NR) Occurs in 5 or fewer 10km squares in a particular region of Britain. Locally determined.

CATEGORIES OF PRIORITY for BIODIVERSITY ACTION PLAN SPECIES

In June 2007 species were selected by the UK Biodiversity Information and Reporting Group through the application of criteria based on international importance, rapid decline and high risk. These criteria and their application were then further developed separately for marine biodiversity, terrestrial/freshwater species in recognition of the very different forms of information and knowledge available.

Species in the UK that met agreed scientific criteria were placed on the UK List of Priority Species. There was an emphasis on gathering as much quantitative data in support of these criteria as was possible. However, it was recognised that some groups had more quantitative data than others. Notwithstanding this, the review used the best available information that could pass scientific scrutiny.

Terrestrial and Freshwater Species The four scientific criteria that were used to select the UK BAP terrestrial/ freshwater species were: • international threat • international responsibility + moderate decline in the UK • marked decline in the UK • other important factors – where quantitative data on decline are inadequate but there is convincing evidence of extreme threat

Marine Species SxBRC does not hold marine information other than coastal species and cetaceans. The criteria for marine species are broadly similar to those for freshwater and terrestrial species. CODES AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN SxRSI

VC 13 West Sussex (with the Watsonian boundaries of 1852) VC 14 East Sussex (with the Watsonian boundaries of 1852) BBCSSB British Butterfly Conservation Society, Sussex Branch SAMLL Sussex Atlas of Mosses, Liverworts, and Lichens SPASU Sussex Plant Atlas and Supplement SBRS Sussex Botanical Recording Society

ORDNANCE SURVEY NATIONAL GRID REFERENCES For an explanation of the Ordnance Survey Grid Reference system, and instruction on how to read or make a grid reference, please refer to our website. www.sxbrc.org.uk

THE DINTY TETRAD SYSTEM For an explanation of the DINTY Tetrad System please refer to our website. www.sxbrc.org.uk Woods Mill, Henfield West Sussex BN5 9SD Tel: 01273 497 553 / 554 Fax: 01273 494 500

[email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk

Sussex Rare Species Inventory Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius

17 June 2008 ESD/08/370 Search Area: TQ3816 to TQ4018 Laurance Chittock Middlemarch Environmental Ltd

The contextual information in this report is based on the latest data available to the Record Centre and is regularly updated. If relying on this information for important decisions please check with record centre for the most up to date position of this species in Sussex.

Tremella foliacea

An SxRSI species county rarity FUNGUS

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 01/11/1997 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Inonotus cuticularis

An SxRSI species county rarity FUNGUS

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 01/10/1997 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Gyroporus castaneus

An SxRSI species county rarity FUNGUS

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 03/09/2004 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Gentiana pneumonanthe Marsh Gentian

A perennial plant of damp acid grassland and wet heath. Still well-established in Ashdown Forest and also persisting at Chailey Common, both in East Sussex, but apparently extinct in West Sussex.

An SxRSI species Presumed extinct in vc13. DICOT Nationally scarce

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 2004 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

An annual grass of barish places by the sea, in damp, cattle-trodden grazing marshes, at the edges of dried-up brackish pools and ditches, and in the uppermost parts of saltmarshes. Also around docks and inland as a casual. Widespread but scarce in East and West Sussex, mostly near the coast.

An SxRSI species MONOCOT Nationally scarce

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ391177 Anon @ Sussex Bot. Rec. Soc. 1993 Chailey, East Sussex

Narthecium ossifragum Bog Asphodel

A perennial of open wet heaths, bogs and flushes, especially where there is some water movement. Although still widespread in Ashdown Forest, and currently recorded from two locations in West Sussex, this species has disappeared from many locations elsewhere.

An SxRSI species county rarity in vc14 MONOCOT

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 2004 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Agonopterix nanatella

An SxRSI species MICROMOTH Nationally Notable

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ31Z Mark Parsons 1695-1970 Chailey, East Sussex

Plebejus argus Silver-Studded Blue

Now almost confined in Sussex to Ashdown Forest and a few West Sussex heaths. The larvae of this nominate subspecies live on heather (Calluna).

A BAPSI BUTTERFLY. An SxRSI species. Subject of conservation work on the heaths of vc13. BUTTERFLY UK BAP Priority Species/Nationally Notable/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 2004 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Anguis fragilis Slow-Worm

A legally protected legless lizard resembling a small snake. Slow-worms are widespread in southern England and found in open habitats such as rough grassland, heath and on road and railway embankments. They are often common in urban and suburban areas. Like most reptiles and amphibians they have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur.

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species/W&CA Sch 5 Sec 9.1 (killing/injuring)/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3917 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/01/1988 South Chailey, East Sussex Reptile Grp TQ395165 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/01/1990 South Chailey, East Sussex Reptile Grp

A widespread, but legally protected, snake with a normally olive body flecked with black and a distinctive yellow collar. Frequent in Sussex near places where its food, largely frogs, is readily available. Like most reptiles and amphibians, grass snakes have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur.

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ390176 Dennis Dey 01/03/1996 South Chailey, East Sussex TQ3918 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 13/08/1998 Markstakes Lane, South Chailey, East Reptile Grp Sussex TQ395165 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/01/1990 South Chailey, East Sussex Reptile Grp TQ407173 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 12/04/1991 Offham Marshes, Lewes, East Sussex Reptile Grp

Vipera berus Adder

Britain's only venomous snake, though incidences of snakebite involving man or domestic animals are relatively uncommon. Adders have a distinctive zig zag pattern of black or brown and white. They occur in open areas on downs, heaths and in heathy woods. Grass snakes and slow-worms are often misidentified as adders. Though widespread in Brtain and found in suitable areas across Sussex, the adder, like all our native reptiles has declined substantially through habitat loss and other factors. The adder is a protected species and it is illegal intentionally to kill or injure them.

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species/W&CA Sch 5 Sec 9.1 (killing/injuring)/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Biological recorders meeting 10/06/1993 Markstakes Common (CL67)

Eptesicus serotinus Serotine

A large, short-eared bat that frequents parks and gardens as well as the wider countryside. It often has its summer roosts in buildings and it will also hibernate in these as well as in caves, tunnels and cellars. A widespread species, though often only present in small numbers, its British strongholds are in the south east and parts of the West Country. Widespread in Sussex.

Like all bats, a legally protected species.

BAT

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ388175 English Nature Bat Files 16/08/1987 Mill House, Mill House Lane, South Chailey, East Sussex TQ394170 English Nature Bat Files Sep 1986 4 Andros Close, South Chailey, East Sussex

The commonest bat in the British Isles, this small species is found in all types of countryside, except very exposed areas, as well as in towns and suburbs. Summer roosts are usually in buildings, though tree holes and bat boxes are also used. Winter roosts are in buildings, tree holes and caves.

Pipistrelles were often recorded as either 45 kHz or 55 kHz depending on the pitch of the echolocation calls picked up by bat detectors. These are now separate species Pipistrellus pipistrellus being the 45 kHz animal and P. pygmaeus the 55 kHz.

Both are widespread in Sussex and, like all bats are a legally protected species

BAT

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ390172 English Nature Bat Files 16/06/1993 4 Hornbuckles Close, South Chailey, East Sussex

Plecotus auritus Brown Long-Eared Bat

The second most common British bat, but difficult to distinguish from the much rarer grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus. It frequents open woodland, wood pasture and orchards and has summer roosts in older buildings and trees. It usually hibernates in caves, tunnels and mines.

The brown long-eared has declined in the British Isles though it remains widespread. Like all bats, it is a legally protected species.

BAT UK BAP Priority Species

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ384173 English Nature Bat Files 29/08/1997 Pouchlands, Mill Lane, Honey Pot Lane, South Chailey, East Sussex TQ384185 English Nature Bat Files 15/01/1997 The Hooke, South Chailey, East Sussex TQ395171 English Nature Bat Files 01/06/1989 Little Meadows, Balneath Gate, South Chailey, East Sussex

The Sussex Protected Species Register (PSR) consists of species of plants, fungi and animals (other than birds) that are protected under Schedules 5, 6 and 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, summaries of which are given overleaf, and other legislation.

Records of these species and where they have been recorded are held on the Record Centre’s database and are included in the Desktop Biodiversity Report. For most bat species, only breeding, roosting or hibernation sites have been included, in-flight records are omitted. PSR data are updated weekly.

Some species are both protected and rare and therefore show up in the PSR and the RSI reports. However PSR records are labelled so that only one record per species per 100m square is flagged up and the RSI records are labelled so that only one record per species per 1km square is flagged. Reports to enquirers may reflect this relationship between rarity and protection, with records for the same species at a given location appearing in both reports.

Please note the following limitations to the PSR:

 Badger and bird species records are not included in the PSR. Details of their protection and record location are given overleaf.  Protected Species Register records are labelled so that only one record per species per 100m square is put in a Desktop Biodiversity Report.  If a protected species record appears in the Desktop Biodiversity Report it does not mean that the species is still present. It means that the protected species was recorded last at that time and place by the recorder listed. The implications of the record should be further evaluated, and a survey to establish the current status of the species might be required.  If there is no record of any particular protected species, this does not confirm that the species is absent from the site in question. It may mean that it has not been recorded, that the site has not been surveyed for this species, or that the Record Centre has not been informed of its presence.

WILDLIFE PROTECTION LEGISLATION IN ENGLAND

Legislation that protects wildlife in England exists at the European and national level.

European law - the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (1979) was aimed at ensuring conservation and protection of all wild plants and animals, increasing cooperation between states, and affording special protection to the most vulnerable or threatened species. It was implemented by the EU Birds Directive (Council Directive 79/409/EEC) and the EU Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC).

ANNEX II lists animal and plant species whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation.

ANNEX IV lists animal and plant species in need of strict protection

ANNEX V lists animal and plant species whose taking in the wild and exploitation may be subject to management measures

For the most up to date information on all species protection please contact English Nature http://www.english- nature.org.uk/science/licensing or go to the DEFRA website, http://www.defra.gov.uk/ National law - The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), strengthened by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, are together the most important legislation aimed at protecting wildlife in England. The Wildlife and Countryside Act is divided into four parts details of which are available from http://www.naturenet.net/law/wcagen.html

Species protection is provided under Schedules 1, 5, 6 and 8:

Schedule 1: Birds – Please refer to the Sussex Bird Inventory results and explanation sheet in your Desktop Biodiversity Report.

Schedule 5: Protected animals (other than birds). Intentional or reckless killing, injuring, taking, possessing, disturbing and selling (including parts and derivatives) as well as damaging, destroying or obstructing access to any structure or place of refuge, etc. are prohibited. NB. Protection of some species is limited to certain sections of the Act, which are indicated in the lists as follows:

S9(1) Protection limited to intentional killing, injury or taking. S9(2) Protection limited to possessing and controlling S9(4a) Protection limited to damaging, destroying or obstructing access to any structure or place used by the animal for shelter or protection. S9(4b) Protection limited to disturbing the animal while it is occupying any structure or place which it uses for shelter or protection. S9(5) Protection limited to selling , offering for sale, possessing or transporting for purpose of sale, or advertising for sale, any live or dead animal, or any part of, or anything derived from such an animal. This includes Common Frogs, Pool Frogs, Common Toads and both Smooth and Palmate Newts. Records of these species are not kept on the Protected Species Register.

Schedule 6: Animals which may not be killed or taken by certain methods. Methods include traps and nets, poisons, automatic weapons, electrical devices, smokes/gases and various others. Even humane trapping for research requires a licence.

Schedule 8: Protected plants and fungi. Intentional picking, uprooting, destroying, trading (including parts and derivatives), etc. are prohibited. Under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, all wild plants in Britain are protected from intentional uprooting by an unauthorised person. Land owners, land occupiers, persons authorised by either of these, or persons authorised in writing by the Local Authority for the area are however exempt from this, except for Schedule 8 species which you can see on this website: http://www.naturenet.net/law/sched8.html

Legislation protecting Badgers. The Protection of the Badgers Act 1992 confers protection on badgers, covering virtually any deliberate interference with the animals themselves or their setts. Further details are available from the Office of Public Sector Information website: www.opsi.gov.uk

Badger records are not provided by the Protected Species Register. For further details about Badgers in Sussex please contact the Badger Trust (Sussex) on:

07910 198720

Legislation protecting birds. Please refer to the explanation sheet of the Sussex Bird Inventory within your Desktop Biodiversity Report.

8 Buellia asterella Starry Breck-lichen x 5 $ Lucanus cervus Stag Beetle 8 Caloplaca luteoalba Orange-fruited Elm lichen 5 Argynnis adippe High Brown Fritillary 8 Catapyrenium psomoroides Tree Psoromoides 5 Bembecia chrysidiformis Fiery Clearwing Cladonia convoluta a lichen 8 5 Mellicta athalia Heath Fritillary Gyalecta ulmi Elm Gyalecta 8 5 Pareulype berberata Barberry Carpet Heterodermia leucomelos Ciliate Strap-lichen 8 5 Satyrium w-album White Letter Hairstreak Lecanactis hemisphaerica Churchyard Lecanactis 8 5 Siona lineata Black-veined Moth Squamarina lentigera Scaly Breck-lichen 8 5 Thalera fimbrialis Sussex Emerald Teloschistes flavicans Golden Hair-lichen 8 5 Chirocephalus diaphanus Fairy Shrimp Hericium erinaceum a basidiomycete fungus 8 5 Gammarus insensibilis Lagoon Sand Shrimp 8 Lamprothamnium papulosum Foxtail stonewort 5 $ Austropotamobius pallipes Freshwater Crayfish Acaulon triquetrum Triangular Pygmy-moss 8 5 Dolomedes plantarius Fen Raft Spider 8 Barbula glauca Glaucous Beard-moss x 5 $ Bufo bufo Common Toad 8 Bartramia stricta Rigid Apple-moss x 5 $ Rana Temporaria Common Frog Drepanocladus vernicosus Slender Green Feather-moss 8 5 Triturus cristatus Warty Newt 8 Micromitrium tenerum Millimetre Moss x 5 $ Triturus helveticus Palmate Newt 8 Rhynchostegium rotundifolium Round-leaved Feather-moss x 5 $ Triturus vulgaris Smooth Newt 8 Trichomanes speciosum Killarney Fern 5 $ Anguis fragilis Slow-worm Ajuga chamaepitys Ground-pine 8 5 Coronella austriaca Smooth Snake Althaea hirsuta Rough Marsh-mallow 8 5 { $ Lacerta agilis Sand Lizard 8 Alyssum alyssoides Small Alison 5 $ Lacerta vivipara Viviparous Lizard 8 Bupleurum baldense Small Hare's-ear 5 $ Natrix natrix Grass Snake 8 Chenopodium vulvaria Stinking Goosefoot 5 $ ∗∗∗ Vipera berus Adder Crepis foetida Stinking Hawk's-beard 8 5,6 Neomys fodiens Water Shrew Dianthus armeria Deptford Pink 8 5,6 Sorex araneus Common Shrew Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo 8 5,6 Sorex minutus Pygmy Shrew Filago lutescens Red-tipped Cudweed 8 5,6 Barbastella barbastellus Barbastelle Filago pyramidata Broad-leaved Cudweed 8 5,6 Eptesicus serotinus Serotine Fumaria reuteri Martin's Ramping-fumitory 8 5,6 Myotis bechsteini Bechstein's Bat Gentianella anglica Early Gentian 8 5,6 Myotis brandti Brandt's Bat Σ Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell x 8 5,6 Myotis daubentoni Daubenton's Bat Lactuca saligna Least Lettuce 8 5,6 Myotis myotis Mouse-eared Bat Lythrum hyssopifolia Grass-poly 8 5,6 Myotis mystacinus Whiskered Bat Melampyrum arvense Field Cow-wheat 8 5,6 Myotis nattereri Natterer's Bat Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal 8 5,6 Nyctalus noctula Noctule Orobanche artemisiae-campestris Oxtongue Broomrape 8 5,6 Pipistrellus nathusii Nathusius' Pipistrelle Petrorhagia nanteuilii Childing Pink 8 5,6 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Pipistrelle Phyteuma spicatum Spiked Rampion 8 5,6 Pipistrellus pipistrellus 45kHz 45 kHz Pipistrelle Polygonum maritimum Sea Knotgrass 8 5,6 Pipistrellus pipistrellus 55kHz 55 kHz Pipistrelle Pulicaria vulgaris Small Fleabane 8 5,6 Plecotus auritus Brown Long-eared Bat Rhinanthus angustifolius Greater Yellow-rattle 8 5,6 Plecotus austriacus Grey Long-eared Bat Salvia pratensis Meadow Clary 8 5,6 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Greater Horseshoe Bat Cephalanthera rubra Red Helleborine 8 5,6 Vespertilio murinus Parti-coloured Bat 8 Damasonium alisma Starfruit 5 # β Arvicola terrestris Water Vole Himantoglossum hircinum Lizard Orchid 8 5,6 Muscardinus avellanarius Common Dormouse Leersia oryzoides Cut-grass 8 5,6 Sciurus vulgaris Red Squirrel Ophrys sphegodes Early Spider-orchid 8 5,6 Phocoena phocoena Common Porpoise Schoenoplectus triqueter Triangular Club-rush 8 5,6 Tursiops truncatus Bottle-nosed Dolphin Clavopsella navis 5 5,6 Lutra lutra Otter Edwardsia ivelli Ivell's Edwardsia 5 5,6 Martes martes Pine Marten 5 Nematostella vectensis Starlet Sea Anemone x 5,6 Meles meles Badger Alkamaria romijini Tentacled lagoon-worm 5 5 Hirudo medicinalis Medicinal Leech ∗∗∗ Sch.5 section 9 (1) $ Sch.5 section 9 (5) 5 Decticus verrucivorus Wart Biter x Records not in PSR report 5 Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa Mole Cricket # Sch.5 section 9 (4) (a) β 5 Gryllus campestris Field Cricket Sch.5 section 9 (4) (b) { Sch.5 section 9 (1) 5 Hydrochara caraboides Lesser Silver Water Beetle Σ Sch.8.section13(2)

Woods Mill, Henfield West Sussex BN5 9SD Tel: 01273 497 553 / 554 Fax: 01273 494 500

[email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk

Sussex Protected Species Register Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius

17 June 2008 ESD/08/370 Search Area: TQ3816 to TQ4018 Laurance Chittock Middlemarch Environmental Ltd

Thuidium tamariscinum

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 13/05/04- Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Lacerta vivipara Viviparous Lizard

The most abundant British lizard and widespread in Sussex in the Weald and along the coast. Probably under-recorded and increasingly confined to small areas of open sunny habitat. A legally protected species due to concern about its overall decline.

REPTILE W&CA Sch 5 Sec 9.1 (killing/injuring)/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ393175 Dennis Dey 06/05/1992 Redland Brick Co. Chailey, East Sussex

Anguis fragilis Slow-Worm

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species/W&CA Sch 5 Sec 9.1 (killing/injuring)/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ390176 Dennis Dey 01/03/1996 South Chailey, East Sussex TQ3917 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/01/1988 South Chailey, East Sussex Reptile Grp TQ3918 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 13/08/1998 Markstakes Lane, South Chailey, East Reptile Grp Sussex TQ395165 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/01/1990 South Chailey, East Sussex Reptile Grp TQ397172 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 01/09/1990 Balneath Manor House, South Chailey, East Reptile Grp Sussex TQ407173 SARG Sussex Amphibian & 12/04/1991 Offham Marshes, Lewes, East Sussex Reptile Grp

Vipera berus Adder

REPTILE UK BAP Priority Species/W&CA Sch 5 Sec 9.1 (killing/injuring)/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5a/Wildlife & Countryside Act Sch5 Sec 9.5b

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ400180 Recorder @ Chailey Commons 2004 Markstakes Common (CL67), Soc

Chiroptera Bats

BAT

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ391182 English Nature Bat Files 10/04/1987 1 Lilac Cottage, South Sreet, South Chailey, East Sussex

Eptesicus serotinus Serotine

Like all bats, a legally protected species.

BAT

Both are widespread in Sussex and, like all bats are a legally protected species

BAT

Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ390172 English Nature Bat Files 16/06/1993 4 Hornbuckles Close, South Chailey, East Sussex

Plecotus auritus Brown Long-Eared Bat

The brown long-eared has declined in the British Isles though it remains widespread. Like all bats, it is a legally protected species.

BAT UK BAP Priority Species

Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Reproduction is strictly prohibited. Page 3 of 3 website: www.sxbrc.org.uk email: [email protected] Designated Site Map (ESD/08/xxx): Tel: 01273 497553 Fax: 01273 494500 Land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius Woods Mill Henfield Prepared for Laurence Chittock, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd - 19/06/2008 BN5 9SD

539000 540000 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 1 1 1 L67 1

L27 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 1 1 1 1

539000 540000

West Sussex County Council 100018485. 2008 East Sussex County Council 100019601. 2008 0 0.25 0.5 Natural England 100046223. 2008 Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. 2008. Km

Where appropriate, The Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre would like to acknowledge the following dataset providers: Natural England (RAMSAR, SAC, SPA, NNR, SSSI, ancient woodland, chalk grassland, vegetated shingle and saline lagoon data), East Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, heathland and notable verge data), West Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, notable verge and heathland data), Brighton & Hove City Council (SNCI & LNR data), The Environment Agency (grazing marsh, urban areas, and hydrological data), The Farming & Rural Conservation Agency (ESA data), South Downs Joint Committee (chalk grassland data), The Woodland Trust (Woodland Trust sites data, ©The Woodland Trust), The National Trust (NT properties data), Sussex Wildlife Trust (SWT reserves data), Sussex Otters & Rivers Partnership (Black Poplar data), and Dr. Francis Rose (ghyll woodland data). © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2008. website: www.sxbrc.org.uk email: [email protected] Habitat Map (ESD/08/370): Tel: 01273 497553 Fax: 01273 494500 Land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius Woods Mill Henfield Prepared for Laurence Chittock, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd - 19/06/2008 BN5 9SD

539000 540000 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 1 1 1 1

539000 540000

Where appropriate, The Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre would like to acknowledge the following dataset providers: Natural England (RAMSAR, SAC, SPA, NNR, SSSI, ancient woodland, chalk grassland, vegetated shingle and saline lagoon data), East Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, heathland and notable verge data), West Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, notable verge and heathland data), Brighton & Hove City Council (SNCI & LNR data), The Environment Agency (grazing marsh, urban areas, and hydrological data), The Farming & Rural Conservation Agency (ESA data), South Downs Joint Committee (chalk grassland data), The Woodland Trust (Woodland Trust sites data, ©The Woodland Trust), The National Trust (NT properties data), Sussex Wildlife Trust (SWT reserves data), Sussex Otters & Rivers Partnership (Black Poplar data), and Dr. Francis Rose (ghyll woodland data). © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2008. website: www.sxbrc.org.uk email: [email protected] Ownership & Management Map (ESD/08/370): Tel: 01273 497553 Fax: 01273 494500 Land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius Woods Mill Henfield Prepared for Laurence Chittock, Middlemarch Environmental Ltd - 19/06/2008 BN5 9SD

539000 540000 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 1 1 1 1

539000 540000

Key to Map: This map is based upon or reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with Enquiry Area the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office © Crown Copyright. All Rights Reserved. Environmental Stewardship Agreements: Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to Entry Level Stewardship (ELS) prosecution or other civil proceedings. Organic ELS West Sussex County Council 100018485. 2008 Higher Level Stewardship (HLS) East Sussex County Council 100019601. 2008 0 0.25 0.5 ELS plus HLS Natural England 100046223. 2008 Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. 2008. Km Organic ELS plus HLS Where appropriate, The Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre would like to acknowledge the following dataset providers: Natural England (RAMSAR, SAC, SPA, NNR, SSSI, ancient woodland, chalk grassland, vegetated shingle and saline lagoon data), East Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, heathland and notable verge data), West Sussex County Council (LNR, SNCI, country park, notable verge and heathland data), Brighton & Hove City Council (SNCI & LNR data), The Environment Agency (grazing marsh, urban areas, and hydrological data), The Farming & Rural Conservation Agency (ESA data), South Downs Joint Committee (chalk grassland data), The Woodland Trust (Woodland Trust sites data, ©The Woodland Trust), The National Trust (NT properties data), Sussex Wildlife Trust (SWT reserves data), Sussex Otters & Rivers Partnership (Black Poplar data), and Dr. Francis Rose (ghyll woodland data). © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2008. Woods Mill, Henfield West Sussex BN5 9SD Tel:(01273497 521/554 Fax:(01273) 494 500 Email: [email protected] Web-site: www.sxbrc.org.uk

Sussex Environmental Survey Directory

Report on behalf of Laurence Chittock (Middlemarch Environmental Ltd) regarding land at Chailey Brickworks + 1km radius. Our Ref: ESD/08/370 Date: 17-Jun-08

The Sussex Environmental Survey Directory (ESD) was initiated in 1990 as a tool to report on biological surveys that had taken place in Sussex. The directory now contains information on over 2,000 surveys covering over 22,000 sites. This report details what surveys have been carried out on specific sites and directs the enquirer to where this information is held. The Record Centre does not hold copies of all the reports that it refers enquirers to, but simply directs the enquirer to organisations or individuals who do.

The directory is updated on a weekly basis and also contains summary data on the county’s ornithological data, (courtesy of the Sussex Ornithological Society) and on the county’s geological sites (courtesy of the Booth Museum).

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Caveridge Wood TQ393179 Site Comment Mainly felled parkland with grass. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Kiln Wood, South Chailey TQ394174 Site Comment Oak standards and coppice with hornbeam and hazel. Copies Available EN

Page 1 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Chailey Brickworks/Clay pit TQ394176 Site Comment An active and part disused pit surrounded by woodland, scrub and heathland. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Chart's Wood TQ395180 Site Comment Woodland and scrub with bog and flush. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Long Wood, Marstakes Common, South Chailey TQ396174 Site Comment Oak coppice and standards with hornbeam and hazel coppice. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Starvecrow Wood, South Chailey TQ398176 Site Comment Oak standard and coppice with hornbeam and hazel. Copies Available EN

Page 2 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Marstakes Common TQ398180 Site Comment Common land with woodland, scrub, tall herb and fern. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Wilding Wood, Chailey TQ400187 Site Comment Woodland much disturbed by underplanting of conifers. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Dodson's & Grantham's Roughs TQ402180 Site Comment Mainly oak standards and coppice. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Toll Wood, Chailey TQ403185 Site Comment Woodland and scrub. Oak standards with hazel and hornbeam coppice. Some open water. Copies Available EN

Page 3 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name Balneath Wood TQ405176 Site Comment Mainly hornbeam coppice with oak standards. Much of woodland now felled. Management proposals and planning history exist. Owned by Mr. J. Cornwell, Curds Farm, Barcombe, Near Lewes, E Sussex. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Balneath Wood Site - File TQ/41/1 - (1)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment Various botanical survey sheets are held in this site file in the East Sussex Conservation Office at EN. (Phase II) Date Various Site Name High House Wood TQ408179 Site Comment Woodland and scrub. Copies Available EN

Survey Name Survey of Selected Woodland Sites - (596)

Survey Author FORBES, J. et al. Survey Comment Areas of ancient woodland were mapped and those known to be of conservation interest were surveyed. The distribution of woodland types was recorded with a general description of other features. Some were recommended as SSSIs. Only Wealden Woods were surveyed. Abundance lists for plants were taken and other species were noted when possible. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H1 box]. Date 4.78-10.78 Site Name Balneath Wood TQ405176 Site Comment Mainly hornbeam coppice with oak standards. Much of woodland now felled. Management proposals and planning history exist. Owned by Mr. J. Cornwell, Curds Farm, Barcombe, Near Lewes, E Sussex. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Page 4 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Geological Conservation Review Sites - (637)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment These are all sites selected by the JNCC because they have special geological interest. Sites were identified through the Geological Conservation Review; a systematic site selection exercise carried out through Great Britain between 1977 & 1990. Once selected, a GCR site is proposed as a SSSI, and if/when approved becomes a SSSI. NB: some already existing SSSIs may also be identified as GCR sites, and some SSSIs have smaller areas within their boundaries identified as GCR sites (of the sites listed below, numbers 585,626,664,674 & 577 are all SSSIs with only certain areas in each being covered by the GCR). Other GCR sites which appear to fall only partly within or wholly beyond existing SSSIs are named with the GCR suffix. (Some information is held on files DA01/20-2 and DA01/20-3 at EN). Date 1980- Site Name Chailey Brickworks/Clay Pits GCR Site TQ391179 Site Comment Included in the Geological Conservation Review. This brick pit exposes beds of the lower Weald Clay Groups. Bioturbated grey clays and further to the south-east good exposures of Okehurst Sand Member occur here. This shows an absence of Cornubian detritus and the influence of Armorican Massif in supplying clastics. Copies Available EN/SSSI/SCI

Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in East Sussex - (915)

Survey Author FINCH, Marion, AITCHISON, J. W. Survey Comment Detailed survey that included management prescriptions and historical interest of sites. All common land in E Sussex was identified and sites larger than 1ha. in area were surveyed botanically. This is part of NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts. One is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards i.e. the raw data. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H4b box]. Date 7.89-9.89 Site Name Land in Cockfield (?)/Marstakes Lane, Chailey - CL7 TQ397184 Site Comment A strip of roadside scrub and grassland bordering woodland in some places. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in East Sussex - (915)

Survey Author FINCH, Marion, AITCHISON, J. W. Survey Comment Detailed survey that included management prescriptions and historical interest of sites. All common land in E Sussex was identified and sites larger than 1ha. in area were surveyed botanically. This is part of NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts. One is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards i.e. the raw data. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H4b box]. Date 7.89-9.89 Site Name Land (Roadside Strip) in Parish of Chailey - CL8 TQ395166 Site Comment A thin roadside strip dominated by secondary woodland with small areas of scrub. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Page 5 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in East Sussex - (915)

Survey Author FINCH, Marion, AITCHISON, J. W. Survey Comment Detailed survey that included management prescriptions and historical interest of sites. All common land in E Sussex was identified and sites larger than 1ha. in area were surveyed botanically. This is part of NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts. One is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards i.e. the raw data. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H4b box]. Date 7.89-9.89 Site Name Land in Back Lane/Green Lane, South Chailey - CL11 TQ392177 Site Comment A long lane with garden frontages at the northern end and becoming shady and tree-lined to the south. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in East Sussex - (915)

Survey Author FINCH, Marion, AITCHISON, J. W. Survey Comment Detailed survey that included management prescriptions and historical interest of sites. All common land in E Sussex was identified and sites larger than 1ha. in area were surveyed botanically. This is part of NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts. One is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards i.e. the raw data. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H4b box]. Date 7.89-9.89 Site Name Marstakes Common - CL48 TQ394184 Site Comment Oak dominated woodland with areas of Bracken and scrub and patches of acid grassland. There are four old ponds. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in East Sussex - (915)

Survey Author FINCH, Marion, AITCHISON, J. W. Survey Comment Detailed survey that included management prescriptions and historical interest of sites. All common land in E Sussex was identified and sites larger than 1ha. in area were surveyed botanically. This is part of NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts. One is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards i.e. the raw data. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H4b box]. Date 7.89-9.89 Site Name Land in Chailey (Balneath Lane & Road to E Verges) - CL128 TQ406178 Site Comment Road verges of mown grass and Oak - Ash woodland. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes

Page 6 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Road Verges with Botanical Interest - (919)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment A collation of noteworthy road verges in East Sussex compiled by ESCC. It is a bound volume containing detailed maps but only brief notes as to the botanical interest. Mostly superceeded by the roadside verge scheme of the mid 1990's (ESD No.465). [SxBRC copy held in H2b box]. Date 1988 Site Name Road Verge, A275 South Chailey TQ390175 Site Comment A 50m length of verge on east side of road Copies Available SxBRC Boxes

Survey Name Lewes District SNCI Survey - (987)

Survey Author CLARK, Louise, FINCH, Marion Survey Comment A detailed botanical survey of sites in Lewes District to assess whether they are of county wide importance as SNCIs. (Phase II) Date 1992-1994 Site Name Kiln Wood & Starvecrow Wood, South Chailey - SNCI L27 TQ396174 Site Comment This site consists of three named woods forming a continuous block of ancient woodland. The woods are a mosaic of overshot oak and hornbeam coppice. Ideally the coppice cycle should be reinstated with small areas being cut in rotation. The site adjoins Markstakes Common; which is an important wildlife site. Copies Available SWT

Survey Name Lewes District SNCI Survey - (987)

Survey Author CLARK, Louise, FINCH, Marion Survey Comment A detailed botanical survey of sites in Lewes District to assess whether they are of county wide importance as SNCIs. (Phase II) Date 1992-1994 Site Name Wilding & Toll Woods, Chailey TQ400187 Site Comment Most of this ancient wood is now conifer plantation. There is little which can be done to improve this woodland for wildlife until the conifers are felled. Some of the paths could be widened as some have shown to be species rich. There is a derelict pond in the woodland which could be renovated. Copies Available SWT

Page 7 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Lewes District SNCI Survey - (987)

Survey Name Sussex Geological Sites Survey - (1126)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment An ongoing survey of the geological sites of Sussex containing Regionally Important Geological Sites (RIGS) and County Geological Sites (COGS). Date 1960-1999 Site Name Chailey Brickworks, Chailey TQ393176 Site Comment When enquiring at the Booth Museum of Natural History quote ref: TQ31/96 Copies Available BMONH

Survey Name Sussex Geological Sites Survey - (1126)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment An ongoing survey of the geological sites of Sussex containing Regionally Important Geological Sites (RIGS) and County Geological Sites (COGS). Date 1960-1999 Site Name Pouchlands, East Chiltington. TQ382172 Site Comment When enquiring at the Booth Museum of Natural History quote ref: TQ31/58 Copies Available BMONH

Survey Name Sussex Geological Sites Survey - (1126)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment An ongoing survey of the geological sites of Sussex containing Regionally Important Geological Sites (RIGS) and County Geological Sites (COGS). Date 1960-1999 Site Name The Hooke, Chailey. TQ383185 Site Comment When enquiring at the Booth Museum of Natural History quote ref: TQ31/102 Copies Available BMONH

Page 8 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Sussex Geological Sites Survey - (1126)

Survey Author Various Survey Comment An ongoing survey of the geological sites of Sussex containing Regionally Important Geological Sites (RIGS) and County Geological Sites (COGS). Date 1960-1999 Site Name Furzley Farm, Chailey. TQ396183 Site Comment When enquiring at the Booth Museum of Natural History quote ref: TQ31/103 Copies Available BMONH

Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)

Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Bevern Stream, Section 11 TQ408170 Site Comment 500m stretch of stream noting macrophytes and stream profiles Copies Available EA, SWT

Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)

Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Bevern Stream, Section 12 TQ406168 Site Comment 500m stretch of stream noting macrophytes and stream profiles Copies Available EA, SWT

Page 9 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)

Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Bevern Stream, Section 13 TQ402166 Site Comment 500m stretch of stream noting macrophytes and stream profiles Copies Available EA, SWT

Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)

Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Bevern Stream, Section 14 TQ400163 Site Comment 500m stretch of stream noting macrophytes and stream profiles Copies Available EA, SWT

Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)

Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Bevern Stream, Section 15 TQ395162 Site Comment 500m stretch of stream noting macrophytes and stream profiles Copies Available EA, SWT

Page 10 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name EA National Fisheries Monitoring Programme: Fisheries Reports - (2786)

Survey Author ENVIRONMENT AGENCY Survey Comment The National Fisheries Monitoring Programme (NFMP) was designed by the Agency to identify spatial and temporal trends and patterns in fish populations at a local and national level. The Sussex Area Ecological Appraisal Team have undertaken a programme of riverine fish population surveys to establish baseline data for each major watercourse in the Sussex area in line with the National Programme. 100m or 150m sections of river were sampled by either a single-catch or a 3-catch depletion using standard electric fishing techniques. Fisheries Reports (drawing upon data from as far back as approximately 1984) for each river provide info on species composition, population dynamics, biomass for each species, total fish biomass, length-weight relationship for each species, and length-age relationship for species of angling importance. 2005 Reports cover the rivers Arun, Adur, Cuckmere, Ouse, Rother, and Pevensey Levels. Date various Site Name Bevern Stream (A275 Bevern Bridge EA Sample Point) TQ395162 Site Comment A river on stream site regularly monitered by the Environment Agency for its invertebrates Copies Available EA, SxBRC Archive

Page 11 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Glossary of Acronyms

Organisations:

BBCS British Butterfly Conservation Society Tel: (01825) 750402 (Sussex Branch) BMONH Booth Museum of Natural History Tel:(01273) 290900 BSBI Botanical Society of the British Isles Tel: (01222) 496042 (General Secretary) BTO British Trust for Ornithology Tel: (01842) 750050 EA Environment Agency Tel: (01903) 703885 (Sussex Area Office) EN English Nature Tel: (01273) 476595 (Sussex and Surrey Team) ESCC East Sussex County Council Tel: (01273) 481621 (County Ecologist) FC Forestry Commission Tel: (01420) 23337 (SE England) FWAG Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Tel: (01273) 891190 (Sussex Area) NCC Nature Conservancy Council contact EN NRA National Rivers Authority (now EA) - NT National Trust Tel:(01285) 651818 (Conservation Directorate) RSPB Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Tel: (01273) 775333 (SE Regional Office) SBRS Sussex Botanical Recording Society Tel: (01273) 843395 (Rita Hemsley) SOS Sussex Ornithological Society Tel: (01903) 770259 (SOS Secretary) SxWT/SWT Sussex Wildlife Trust Tel: (01273) 497521(BRC Records Officer) WSCC West Sussex County Council Tel: (01243) 756691 (County Ecologist)

Designations:

AONB Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty COGS County Geological/Geomorphological Sites LNR Local Nature Reserve NNR National Nature Reserve RAMSAR RAMSAR (internationally important wetlands) RIGS Regionally Important Geological Sites SAC Special Area of Conservation SNCI Site of Nature Conservation Importance SPA Special Protection Area SSSI Special Site of Scientific Interest

Surveys: Phase I A broad habitat survey with a dominant species list and land use information Phase II Mapping of vegetation communities with species lists and abundance/distribution Phase III A detailed survey including ecological processes and long term monitoring information NVC National Vegetation Classification

Page 12 of 12 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. SITES OF NATURE CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE (SNCIs)

This is a non-statutory designation and is a typical term for a network of sites that are identified at a county level as being of local conservation importance and often recognised in Local Authority development plans. They are sometimes called SINCs or County Wildlife sites.

There are many sites within both East and West Sussex and Brighton and Hove that are not recognised under the National designation of SSSI but are of considerable wildlife value due to the special interest of their flora / fauna. In May 1990 a Sussex wide project was instigated to identify which non-designated sites were important for wildlife. The selected sites are now known as Sites of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCI). The aim of this identification was to protect such sites from land management changes, which may lessen their nature conservation interest, and to encourage sensitive management to maintain and enhance their importance.

Sites within both rural and urban areas were considered but the evaluation process considers two types of site under slightly different criteria:

• Rural sites , that may contain habitats such as heathland or ancient woodland, must be of countywide importance. • Urban sites must recognise the importance to safeguard important urban wildlife sites, to link all significant greenspace sites and to ensure that people in towns have easy access to wildlife areas.

The actual selection of SNCIs was made, after extensive survey work, by a panel of expert ecologists. This panel included representatives from the relevant County Council, English Nature and the Wildlife Trust, together with a range of specialists with either specific species knowledge or a sound knowledge of the County’s ecology. Assessment and identification of SNCIs is a continuing process with new sites being identified and others deleted as ecological knowledge of the total resource and specific sites increase. In West Sussex SNCI selection is steered by the County Council, whereas in East Sussex it is steered by the District Councils. Currently there are 360 SNCIs in East Sussex and 359 in West Sussex including the 12 designated in June 2001. Brighton and Hove City Council recognise over 70 sites.

Although SNCIs have no statutory protection they need to be considered in the planning process through Planning Policy Guidance like PPG9 which refers to the Town & Country Planning Act 1990 Section 30. This states that nature conservation issues should be included in the surveys of local authority areas to ensure that the plans are based on fully adequate information about local species, habitats, geology and landform. Plans should be concerned not only with designated areas but also with other land of conservation value and the possible provision of new habitats.

SNCI site accounts outline the characteristics of the area based on its semi-natural vegetation and the underlying geology and are in 3 main sections :-

• Summary which highlights the nature conservation importance of the site

• Site description which gives further descriptive details about the site and its associated species

• Management recommendations which give a brief indication of the type of management that would best maintain the nature conservation interest of the site.

It is important to realise that classification as an SNCI in no way reduces the value of other wildlife sites, as sites of SNCI quality may not have been surveyed for various reasons. All areas of semi-natural vegetation are important to wildlife. Many rare plants and animals occur in seemingly otherwise uninteresting sites and may be overlooked by the survey. SITE NAME : KILN WOOD & STARVECROW WOOD, S. CHAILEY

SITE REF : 27

GRID REF. : TQ 396 174

AREA : 15.9 ha

DISTRICT : LEWES

DATE : 4/6/1992

SURVEYORS : LOUISE CLARK & MARION FINCH

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The site consists of three named woods forming a contiguous block of ancient woodland. Despite the fact that the different names may indicate separate ownership and, therefore management, in the past, the woodland as a whole can be described as a mosaic of overshot Oak, Hornbeam and mixed Oak and Hornbeam coppice, with areas of Ash coppice and occasional Pine and Sweet Chestnut. The ground flora is generally poor, due to the dense shade cast by the canopy, but the species present indicate the ancient origins of the woodland.

Part of the site adjoins Markstakes Common, which is believed to be of wildlife value.

SITE NOTES

1. The woodland is predominately overshot Oak and Hornbeam coppice, with the multi- stemmed trees reaching canopy height. Where the canopy is open, there is a well- developed shrub layer of Elder, with some Midland Hawthorn and Holly, and much regeneration of Oak, Ash, Field Maple and Elder in the form of seedlings and saplings. The ground flora tends to be dominated by grasses, with Bramble (Rubus spp.) abundant in clearings caused by storm damage. Aspen is also common in these clearings. Where the canopy is closed, there is little in the way of a shrub layer and the ground flora reflects the lack of light and dense leaf litter, as it is dominated by Bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), with some Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), scattered Bramble and Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum). The woodland also has areas of pure Oak coppice. These tend to have an open canopy and a ground flora characterised by abundant Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum). It appears that there are Sessile Oaks and Sessile/Pedunculate Oak hybrids present.

The stream shown on the map is now dry, but there are fast-flowing streams of water which appear to be run-off from the brickworks. The water has cut shallow channels, but fans out where these are obstructed, covering the surrounding areas with clay sediment.

Long Wood is predominately overshot Oak coppice; the stools being very large and appearing to be of considerable age. There is also some Sweet Chestnut present as coppice and standards. A large clearing, probably the result of storm damage, has dense Bramble and Honeysuckle, but the ground flora is generally sparse.

Starvecrow Wood is very similar to Kiln Wood. It is a mosaic of pure Oak and Hornbeam, and pure Hornbeam coppice, all of which is overshot. It also has an area of overgrown Ash coppice and occasional Hazel coppice stools. Standard Oaks, which look younger than the coppice, are scattered and there is one very fine Oak which is much older and has the well-developed crown of a tree which formerly grew in open conditions.

Pines are occasional at the eastern end. The ground flora is heavily influenced by the amount of shade and leaf litter, being extremely sparse under dense Hornbeam, but more diverse where the canopy is more open. The presence of shrubs is similarly patchy, with Midland Hawthorn and Holly locally frequent. There are also areas of spindly young Ash and Hornbeam poles.

All parts of the woodland complex are crossed by well-used paths.

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

The woodland was managed in the past by coppicing, and some planting of pines. Apart from maintenance of the public footpath, there is no evidence of recent management, but some tipping of garden waste has occurred by the houses on the western boundary, and the run-off from the clay pit goes through the wood.

The cessation of traditional management has resulted in the coppiced trees becoming very large and casting a dense shade over the woodland floor. This is reflected in the sparse ground flora and the lack of structure seen over most of the wood. Ideally, the coppice cycle should be reinstated, with small areas being cut in rotation. This would create a gradation of conditions, from open ground around newly-coppiced bushes to dense shade in the unworked areas to suit a range of plants, birds and invertebrates, especially if dead wood is left to rot. Alternately, some areas could be thinned to single poles on selected coppice stools, to let more light reach the woodland floor.

COMMENTS

The site is a very good example of ancient coppiced woodland, and includes Oak coppice, which is an uncommon woodland type in the county. It adjoins Markstakes Common, which is believed to be an other important wildlife site. SITE NAME : MARKSTAKES COMMON

SITE REF : 67

GRID REF. : TQ 400 180

AREA : 46.8 ha

DISTRICT : LEWES

DATE : 1993

SURVEYOR : Biological Recorder's Field Meeting, 10.06.93*

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

This site is situated just north-east of South Chailey and consists of Markstakes Common proper, Dodson's Rough and Grantham's Rough.

Markstakes Common contains scrub, woodland, three ponds, a disused clay pit to the south and centrally, a large more open area, which is predominantly Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) covered.

Dodson's Rough and Grantham's Rough are both entirely wooded, although they are not ancient and maps dating from the 18th Century depict them as open land.

SITE NOTES

1. Dodson's Rough has a diverse canopy structure, with a variety of tree species, some recently introduced by the owner. English Oak (Quercus robur), Hazel (Corylus avellana), Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) are the commonest woody species, but Silver Birch (Betula pendula), Beech and others also occur. Of particular interest are a number of very old Crab Apple (Malus sylvestris) trees dotted throughout.

The ground flora is variable and quite diverse in places. To the north, a relatively rich mix exists beneath young Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) saplings. This community includes Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Common Spotted Orchid (Dactylorhiza fuchsii), Dog Violet (Viola canina), Primrose (Primula vulgaris), Enchanter's Nightshade (Circaea lutetiana), Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum), Yellow Pimpernel (Lysimachia nemorum), Tormentil (Potentilla erecta), Bugle (Ajuga reptans), Barren Strawberry (Potentilla sterilis), Wood Sage (Teucrium scorodonia), Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata) and Lady Fern (Athyrium filix-femina). However, this probably reflects the light canopy that must have existed here until relatively recently. Further south the canopy becomes progressively more well established and the rides are almost entirely overhung by trees. Here the ground flora is less diverse and is dominated by Bramble (Rubus spp.). However, Wood Sage, Heath Speedwell (Veronica officinalis), Wild Strawberry (Fragaria vesca), Lesser Skullcap (Scutellaria minor) Tormentil and Trailing Tormentil (Potentilla anglica) occur in the lighter areas, principally along the main rides. 2. Grantham's Rough gives the impression of more long-established woodland, containing quite large specimens of English Oak and Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) coppice. Dogwood (Swida sanguinea) and Hazel also commonly occur in the understorey. However, the ground flora tends to be dominated by Bramble and is heavily shaded. Trailing Tormentil, Tormentil and Wood Sage commonly occur along the rides and in one area, where ride surfacing material has been introduced, species such as Procumbent Pearlwort (Sagina procumbens), Wall Speedwell (Veronica arvensis) and Annual Meadow Grass (Poa annua) persist.

Woodland plant species confined to Grantham's Rough include Wood Spurge (Euphorbia amygdaloides), Early Purple Orchid (Orchis mascula), Common Twayblade (Listera ovata) and Butcher's Broom (Ruscus aculeatus) (the latter consisting of two or three clumps recently introduced by the owner).

3. A narrow strip of woodland between Balneath Lane and the southern boundary of the site contains a surprising number of woodland species found nowhere else on the site, a tantalising indication of what may have been present in Balneath Wood to the south, now grubbed out for pasture. Species which appear to be almost confined to Balneath Lane include Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa), Aspen (Populus tremula), Wild Service Tree (Sorbus torminalis), Polypody spp., Wild Privet (Ligustrum vulgare), Wood Sedge (Carex sylvatica), Three-veined Sandwort (Moehringia trinervia), Slender St. John's- wort (Hypericum pulchrum) and Trailing St. John's-wort (Hypericum humifusum) with Ragged Robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi) and Pale Sedge (Carex curta) in damp depressions. Unfortunately much of the lane has been surfaced with hardcore which may have removed much of the damp woodland pool habitat in this area.

4. Much of the centre and south of Markstakes Common proper is dominated by Bracken which appears to be ousting the other vegetation. However, along the rides, species such as Lousewort (Pedicularis sylvatica) and Tormentil (Potentilla erecta) persist. Hawthorn and Birch Scrub are also well established.

5. All the ponds on the site are heavily overshaded and lack aquatic vegetation. The easternmost pond is surrounded by dense Sallow (Salix spp.) and the other two by mature Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and other trees.

6. The quarry to the south is probably the most botanically interesting part of Markstakes Common, although this too appears to be becoming rapidly invaded by Bracken. The floor of the quarry is covered by a rabbit-grazed turf including Lady's Bedstraw (Galium verum), Self-heal (Prunella vulgaris), Lousewort, Tormentil, Heath Grass (Sieglingia decumbens), Common Bird's-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and Procumbent Pearlwort. Some areas are quite wet, with Jointed Rush (Juncus articulatus) Marsh Trefoil (Lotus uliginosus), Sphagnum spp., Ragged Robin, Brown Sedge (Carex disticha, unconfirmed report), Lesser Skullcap, Lesser Spearwort (Ranunculus flammula) and Marsh Thistle (Cirsium palustre). There is evidence that these wet areas are drying out. In particular, the Sphagnum spp. appears to be in poor condition. A number of Adder (Vipera berus) were observed basking here.

Around the periphery of the quarry, dense patches of Gorse (Ulex europaeus) contain small glades with Common Bird's-foot Trefoil, Lousewort and Self-heal amongst others. These constitute good butterfly habitat, but unfortunately weather conditions precluded direct observation. 7. The western edge of Markstakes Common is wooded but without a notable ground flora. Lighter areas adjacent to the ponds tend to be dominated by Nettle (Urtica dioica). Both Skull-cap (Scutellaria galericulata) and Lesser Skull-cap were observed growing together on the northern margin of the northernmost pond.

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

Grantham's Rough & Dodson's Rough

Both these areas are developing into diverse woodlands with a number of characteristic woodland species. They are also likely to be of interest for birds, which were not recorded. Nevertheless, both would benefit from selective felling and coppicing to open up the canopy. This should encourage the ground flora and allow a more dense shrub understorey to develop in places. In particular, rides could be widened to allow more light to the woodland floor. Ponds would also encourage wildlife although these too would require more light.

Markstakes Common

This area urgently requires Bracken control. This is particularly relevant in the vicinity of the quarry, where relatively diverse areas are threatened unless action is taken soon, but most of the common would benefit from Bracken clearance. All the ponds at Markstakes also require clearance of overhanging trees and perhaps silt dredging.

*Recorders: Malcolm McFarlane, Graham Paris, Tony Spiers, Matthew Thomas, Paula Walkinshaw KEY NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SITE DESIGNATIONS

National Nature Reserve (NNR) National Nature Reserves are statutory reserves established for the nation under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981. NNRs may be owned by relevant national body (e.g. English Nature in England) or established by agreement; a few are owned and managed by non-statutory bodies, e.g. the Sussex Wildlife Trust. NNRs cover a selection of the most important sites for nature conservation in the UK. There are 6 NNRs in Sussex. For further information please contact: English Nature, Phoenix House, 32-33 North Street, Lewes, East Sussex, BN7 2PH Tel: 01273 476595, Email: [email protected]

Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Special Areas of Conservation are sites designated by Member States under the EC Habitats Directive. The aim is to establish a European network of important high quality conservation sites that will make a significant contribution to conserving habitats and species considered to be most in need of conservation at a European level. There are 9 SAC sites in Sussex. For further information please contact: English Nature (details above)

Special Protection Area (SPA) Special Protection Areas are designated under the EC Birds Directive, to conserve the habitat of certain rare or vulnerable birds and regularly occurring migratory birds. Any significant pollution or disturbance to or deterioration of these sites has to be avoided. There are 5 SPA sites in Sussex. All designated SPAs and SSSIs. For further information please contact: English Nature (details above)

Ramsar Ramsar sites are designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. Wetlands are designated, protected and promoted in order to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands, which are broadly defined to include marsh, fen, peatland and water. There are 5 Ramsar sites in Sussex. All designated Ramsar sites are SSSIs. For further information please contact: English Nature (details above)

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) AONBs are nationally important landscapes that are not National Parks, designated by the Countryside Agency to aid their protection and management. An AONB cannot be included in a simplified planning zone and it is not promoted for active recreation such as a National Parks. Each of the three AONBs in Sussex has an associated body concerned with the area’s conservation. For further information please contact: Chichester Harbour Conservancy, The Harbour Office, Itchenor, Chichester, West Sussex, PO20 7AW. Tel: 01243 512301 Email: [email protected] High Weald Unit, Corner Farm, Hastings Road, Flimwell, East Sussex, TN5 7PR. Tel: 01580 879500, Email: [email protected] Sussex Downs Conservation Board, Chanctonbury House, Church Street, Storrington, West Sussex, RH20 4LT. Tel: 01903 625242, Email: [email protected] Local Nature Reserve (LNR) Land owned, leased or managed by Local Authorities and designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act. A site of some nature conservation value managed for educational objectives - no need for SSSI status. Some reserves are managed by a non-statutory body (e.g. Sussex Wildlife Trust). Local authorities have the power to pass bylaws controlling (e.g.) access, special protection measures. There are 36 LNRs in Sussex. For further information please contact: West Sussex:- West Sussex County Council, Planning Dept, County Hall, Tower Street, Chichester, PO19 1RL Tel: 01243 753583 Email: [email protected] East Sussex:- Alex Tait, East Sussex County Council, Transport and Env’t Dept, County Hall, St Anne’s Crescent, Lewes, East Sussex, BN7 1UE Tel: 01273 481621 Email: [email protected]

Regionally Important Geological / Geomorphological Site Regionally Important Geological/Geomorphological Sites are non-statutory earth science sites. The RIGS networks are locally based voluntary groups drawing on both professional and interest groups identifying sites using a methodical and rational approach. RIGS are analogous to non-statutory biological sites - they are not a second tier but sites of regionally or local importance in their own right. There are 107 RIGS in Sussex. For further information please contact: John Cooper, Booth Museum of Natural History, 194 Dyke Road, Brighton, BN1 5AA. Tel: 01273 292780 Email: [email protected]

Marine Sites of Nature Conservation Importance Marine Sites of Nature Conservation Importance are non-statutory sites identified on account of the special interest of their marine habitats, the fauna and flora, or for unusual geological and geomorphological features. They are an extension of the series of terrestrial SNCIs. The identification of these sites is to highlight their importance for marine wildlife and to emphasise the risks of certain operations damaging their interest. There are 12 MSNCIs in Sussex. For further information please contact: English Nature, Phoenix House, 32-33 North Street, Lewes, East Sussex, BN7 2PH Tel: 01273 476595 Email: mailto:[email protected] ANCIENT WOODLAND

Ancient Woodland is land that has had a continuous woodland cover since at least 1600 AD and has only been cleared for underwood or timber production. It can be placed in two categories:-

Ancient Semi-natural Woodland (ASNW) – woodland that retains a native tree and shrub cover that has not been planted, although it may have been managed by coppicing or felling and allowed to regenerate naturally. This covers all stands of ancient woodland which do not obviously originate from planting.

In terms of its nature conservation value, ancient semi-natural woodland is regarded as the most important woodland type in England because :-

 The variety of native woodland plants and animals it supports, many of which are found only or mainly in ancient woodland and their links to the genetic material of the original “wildwoods” which once covered most of England.  The natural and undisturbed water courses  The soils, which may never have been ploughed  The variety of woodland structure (often including very old trees and dead wood) and other semi-natural habitats like grassland, heathland and marsh which may survive within the wood, often a result of past management practices such as pollarding, coppicing, or livestock grazing.

Ancient replanted Woodland (AWS- ancient woodland site or PAWS - plantation on ancient woodland site) – woodland where the original tree cover has been felled and replaced by planting, often with conifers and usually this century.

In ancient replanted woodland the original woodland structure may have been substantially altered, water courses may have been displaced, soils may have been ploughed or drained and natural openings may have been planted up. However, these woods can still be important for nature conservation due to :-

 Remnant ancient woodland plants and animals which survive beneath the replaced canopy and along woodland rides and in glades.  The soil seed bank which will often retain ancient woodland plant seeds and fungi  Their potential to be restored to a semi-natural condition.

Other important terms are :-

Primary woodland constitutes the relicts of the natural tree cover which developed after the retreat of glaciation 10,000 years ago. Such woodland may have been managed by man, but it has never been completely cleared of trees and converted to another land use.

Ancient secondary woodland is woodland that had developed on land which may have been openground or farmland at some stage before the year 1600AD. Many ancient woods in West Sussex are likely to be of this type.

The Ancient Woodland Inventory was set up in 1981 by the Nature Conservancy Council to identify woodland in Britain which had existed since at least 1600 AD. Determination of this status is based on information from old Ordnance Survey and estate maps, information about the name of the wood, its shape, relief, internal boundaries and location relative to other features such as parish boundaries. Ground survey information such as flora and historical features plus aerial photography interpretation when available. English Nature’s database includes approximately 22,000 records of ancient woodland in England. Only sites over 2 hectares are included on the inventory. Some sites are smaller because part of the original wood may have been grubbed up since the 1930s base map was produced, leaving a remnant of less than 2 hectares. In addition measuring techniques were less precise than the latest digital methods so some smaller woods may have been added accidentally while some woods slightly larger than 2 hectares may have been overlooked.

Sussex is one of the most wooded parts of lowland Britain with woodland and forest currently covering approximately 63,000ha (17%) of the county; the national average being 9%. These diverse woodlands such as bluebell woods associated with coppicing, open wood pasture associated with deer parks and the small Wealden woods in ghyll valleys provide a key part to Sussex’s unique, distinctive and varied landscape. Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre Woods Mill Henfield West Sussex BN5 9SD

Tel 01273 497553/521 Fax 02030700709

[email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk

Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre is managed by Sussex Wildlife Trust as a partnership project between East and West Sussex County Councils, Natural England, The Environment Agency, South Downs Joint Committee, Southern Water, Brighton & Hove City Council, and Local Authorities throughout Sussex.

Sussex Wildlife Trust is a company limited by guarantee under the Companies Act. Registered in England. Company No. 698851. Registered Charity No. 207005. VAT Registration No. 191 3059 69. Registered Office: Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex, BN5 9SD. Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

APPENDIX 2

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H! D

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Triumph House, Birmingham Road, Allesley, Coventry CV5 9AZ T:01676 525880 F:01676 521400 $ E:[email protected] This map is reproduced from the Ordance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office. (c) Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to 1:2,000 prosecution of civil proceedings. Licence Number: 100020449 (as per client) C102747-02

Legend

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Client Project I Ibstock Chailey Brickworks, Area B Drawing Drawing Number Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey C102747-02 Revision Date

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$ | This map is reproduced from the Ordance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office. (c) Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to |

prosecution of civil proceedings. Licence Number: 100020449 (as per client) |

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APPENDIX 3

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

This section provides a summary of the legislation protecting species which may be present on site. The reader is referred to the original legislation for the definitive interpretation.

Bats In England, Scotland and Wales all bat species are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), through inclusion in Schedule 5. In Northern Ireland all bats are fully protected by the Wildlife (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 (as amended), through inclusion in schedule 5. All bats are also included in Schedule 2 of the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) Regulations 1994 (or Northern Ireland, 1995), which defines ‘European Protected Species of animals’.

The following account represents a simplified summary of the legislation provided by Mitchell-Jones and Robertson (1999). Taken together, the Act, Order and Regulations make it illegal to: intentionally or deliberately kill, injure or capture (take) bats; deliberately disturb bats (whether in a roost or not); damage, destroy or obstruct access to bat roosts; possess or transport a bat or any part of a bat, unless acquired legally; sell, barter or exchange bats, or parts of bats.

In this interpretation, a bat roost is ‘any structure or place which any wild animal…uses for shelter or protection.’. Because bats tend to reuse the same roosts, legal opinion is that the roost is protected whether or not the bats are present at the time.

Reckless offences were added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, which applies only to England and Wales.

Badgers Badgers are also included within Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981 as an amendment to the Badgers Act, 1973 but more recent legislation has strengthen the protection afforded to badgers. The Protection of Badgers Act, 1992 is the most recent

Middlemarch Environmental Ltd. Page 38

Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey legislation and deals with all aspects of welfare issues including excavation within the vicinity of a sett and/or obstructing access in some way. The badger is also listed in Appendix III of the Berne Convention.

Dormouse Dormouse are protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and Schedule 2 of the Conservation (Natural Habitats) Regulation 1994. The Dormouse has been included on the UK’s Short List of globally threatened and declining species, and consequently is considered a priority species for conservation action.

All Reptiles All species of reptile found in the British Isles are afforded some level of statutory protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981 and common lizard, grass snake, adders and slowworm are included under Schedules 5 of the act for intentional killing or injury. Smooth snake and sand lizard are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981 as well as European legislation covering internationally protected species. This means that such species have additional protection from disturbance, capture, and damage to a place used for protection or shelter and even obstructing such a place.

Great Crested Newts Great Crested Newts Triturus cristatus are protected under Schedule 5 of the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act. and Schedule 2 of the Conservation (Natural Habitats etc) Regulations 1994 (Regulation 38) and because of their rarity they are also protected under Annexes IIa and IVa of the Habitats and Species Directive and under the Berne Convention. Habitat used by great crested newts is also protected under the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act. It is therefore illegal to kill, injure, capture, obstruct access or disturb any site that these species use.

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

Nesting and Nest Building Birds Nesting and nest building birds are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act WCA 1981 (as amended). Some species (listed in Schedule 1 of the WCA) are protected by special penalties- these species include barn owl.

Subject to the provisions of the act, if any person intentionally – (a) kills, injures or takes any wild bird; (b) takes, damages or destroys the nest of any wild bird while that nest is in use or being built; or (c) takes or destroys an egg of any wild bird, he shall be guilty of an offence.

‘Reckless’ offences with regard to the disturbance of nesting wild birds included in Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act were added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

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Chailey Brickworks RT-MME-102747 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey

MIDDLEMARCH ENVIRONMENTAL

QUALITY ASSURANCE

TITLE: EXTENDED PHASE 1 HABITAT SURVEY

CHAILEY BRICKWORKS SOUTH CHAILEY

A Report to Ibstock Brick Ltd

Contract Number: C102747

Report Number: RT-MME-102747 Rev 1

Revision Number: 01

Description: Final

Date: July 2008

Checked by:

David Smith Ecology & Landscapes Director

Approved by:

Dr. Philip Fermor Managing Director

Middlemarch Environmental Ltd. Page 41