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Further Records of the Plant Bug Subfamily Isometopinae From Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 159 (2016) 89–96 Further records of the plant bug subfamily Isometopinae from Thailand (Heteroptera: Miridae), with descriptions of three new species Tomohide Yasunaga, Jomsurang Duangthisan, Kazutaka Yamada & Taksin Artchawakom Three new species, Isometopus chaiyaphum, Paloniella microchelys, and Myiomma phuvasae, of the plant bug subfamily Isometopinae Fieber are described; additional records for I. siamensis Yasunaga, Yamada & Artchawakom are documented. The habitat of P. microchelys is reported. A checklist of the isometopine fauna of Thailand is provided. Keywords: Heteroptera; Miridae; Isometopinae; new species; Thailand Tomohide Yasunaga*, Research Associate, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA. [email protected] Jomsurang Duangthisan, Insect Collection, Entomology & Zoology Group, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [email protected] Kazutaka Yamada, Tokushima Prefectural Museum, Bunka-no-Mori Park, Mukôterayama, Hachiman-chô, Tokushima 770–8070, Japan. yamada [email protected] Taksin Artchawakom, Sakaerat Environmental Research Station (SERS), Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, Thailand Institute of Scientific & Technological Research, Ministry of Science Technology, Wang Nam Khieo, Nakhon Ratchasima 30370, Thailand. [email protected] Introduction (1904, 1911) and Poppius (1913, 1915), have been The plant bug subfamily Isometopinae Fieber is augmented mainly by Lin (2004) and Lin & Yang composed of very small mirids with a pair of ocelli, (2004) for Taiwan, Ren (1991) and Ren & Yang and together with the subfamily Psallopinae Schuh, (1988) for continental China, Yasunaga (2001, 2005) putatively constitutes the most primitive Miridae. for Japan, and Yasunaga & Duwal (2006) for Nepal. Isometopines are distributed globally, but the major- However, the Isometopinae of Indochina, known to ity of species occur in the tropics, subtropics, and be one of the most species-rich regions in the world, warm temperate climate zones. is currently represented only by Isometopus feanus The Isometopinae currently comprise approxi- Distant, 1904 (Myanmar) and I. siamensis Yasunaga, mately 50 nominal species in Asia (Schuh 1995, Yamada & Artchawakom, 2013 (Thailand). 2002−2014, Kerzhner & Josifov 1999). The Asian The habits of isometopines are poorly known faunas, historically known from the works of Distant because of their unique habitat preference for Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 159: 89–96, Figs 1–16. [ISSN 0040-7496]. brill.com/tve © Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. Published 1 November 2016. DOI 10.1163/22119434-15902003 *Corresponding author Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 09:50:00AM via free access <UN> 90 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 159, 2016 tree trunks (often under bark) or branches, which necessary literature are now available (Schuh, 1995, make collecting the bugs with a sweep net difficult 2002–2014, Kerzhner & Josifov 1999). (Wheeler 2001, Yasunaga 2005). In addition, most isometopines are assumed to be diurnal, with UV light traps attracting a limited number of specimens Checklist of Thai Isometopinae presumably from nearby habitats (Yasunaga 2001, Family Miridae Hahn 2005); therefore, few individuals come to light be- Subfamily Isometopinae Fieber cause isometopine population densities are inher- Tribe Isometopini, subtribe Isometopina ently low in most habitats, particularly in tropical Genus Isometopus Fieber, 1860 or well-preserved forests. As a result, quite a few Isometopus chaiyaphum Yasunaga, Duan- species have been described from the holotype only. thisan & Yamada, sp. n. — Distribution: Biological information on tropical isometopines is Thailand (Chaiyaphum). hardly available, with many species in tropical and Isometopus siamensis Yasunaga, Yamada & subtropical zones remaining undescribed. Artchawakom, 2013 — Thailand (Nakhon During our continuing field investigations in Ratchasima). Thailand, one undescribed specimen each from the Genus Paloniella Poppius, 1915 genera Isometopus, Paloniella, and Myiomma were Paloniella microchelys Yasunaga, Duan- recently discovered (two by uv light traps and one thisan & Yamada, sp. n. — Thailand from the trunk of a broadleaf tree). Herein we de- (Nakhon Ratchasima). scribe these as the new species, I. chaiyaphum, M. Tribe Myiommini Bergroth, subtribe Myiom- phuvasae, and P. microchelys. Additionally the habitat mina of P. microchelys is briefly documented,Isometopus Genus Myiomma Puton, 1872 siamensis is diagnosed, and a checklist of the Isome- Myiomma phuvasae Yasunaga, Duanthisan topinae from Thailand, following the classification & Yamada, sp. n. — Thailand (Nakhon system of Herczek (1993), is provided. Ratchasima). Materials and methods Taxonomy Almost all specimens examined were collected Subfamily Isometopinae Fieber at ‘Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, Ministry of Science Diagnosis. Members of this subfamily are easily rec- and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Provinces, ognized by the presence of a pair of ocelli between com- Thailand’ cited in the text simply as ‘SERS’ (http:// pound eyes. General shape and size (total length 2−8 www.tistr.or.th/sakaerat/index_en.php). All holo- mm) variable, especially form of the head, compound types are deposited in the Insect Collection, Ento- eyes, antennae and pronotum (see Herczek 1993). mology & Zoology Group, Plant Protection Re- Discussion. Although the present work follows a search and Development Office, Department of classification system proposed for isometopine taxa Agriculture, Bangkok, Thailand (DOAT). Matrix by Herczek (1993), we encourage a revised supra- code labels were attached to all type specimens, generic classification. In our opinion many unde- which uniquely identify each specimen, and are scribed taxa, especially from the tropics and sub- referred to as ‘unique specimen identifiers’ (USIs). tropics, cannot be accommodated by the current The USI codes [e.g., AMNH_PBI 000123] com- system (Yasunaga unpublished data). In general, the prise an institution and project code (AMNH_PBI) isometopine pretarsal and male genitalic structures and a unique number (000123). These data were are fundamentally similar to those exhibited in the digitized on the Arthropod Easy Capture (former- Psallopinae and some members of the Cylapinae ly the Planetary Biodiversity Inventory) database (Yasunaga et al. 2010, Herczek & Popov 2014). A maintained by the American Museum of Natural broader survey of these and other character systems, History, New York, USA (http://research.amnh.org/ as well as documentation of undescribed taxa, is re- pbi/), are incorporated in http:// www.discoverlife. quired to substantiate a relationship between these org, and are also searchable on the ‘ Heteroptera three subfamilies and provide an updated suprage- Species Pages’ (http://research.amnh.org/pbi/hetero neric classification system. pteraspeciespage/). All the species of the Isometopinae are presumed Digital images of live individuals were taken by to be predators, with some species having a close TY with a Canon EOS Kiss digital camera body + association with coccids (Wheeler & Henry 1978, Olympus OM-System. All measurements are in Wheeler 2001, Yasunaga 2001, 2005). Ren (1987) millimeters (mm). Synonymic lists for known taxa reported a continental Chinese species, Isometopus are omitted, as comprehensive catalogs covering the citri Ren, found on citrus trees heavily infested by a Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 09:50:00AM via free access <UN> Yasunaga et al.: New species of Isometopinae from Thailand 91 Figs 1–6. Isometopines in Thailand, habitat and habitus images. — 1, an Indian ash broadleaf, Lannea coroman- delica, habitat of Paloniella microchelys; 2, P. microchelys, holotype female, on bark of L. coromandelica; 3, ditto; 4, Myiomma phuvasae, holotype female; 5, Isometopus chaiyaphum, holotype male; 6, I. siamensis, male. scale, Unaspis sp. (Diaspididae), the assumed prey of able refuge from the predators of these isometopine the isometopine. On Ishigaki Island of the Ryuky- plant bugs. us, a subtropical island of Japan, Yasunaga (2005) A similar habitat preference was confirmed in the reported six species of the Isometopinae inhabit- psallopine, Psallops fulvioides Yasunaga & Yamada, ing (or sometimes co-occurring on) the ash tree, which might support a close relationship between Fraxinus griffithii C.B. Clarke (Oleaceae). There are the Isometopinae and the Psallopinae (Yasunaga et al. usually many half-detached fragments and cracks 2010). Incidentally, Wolski & Henry (2015) down- on the ash bark surface, which may provide suit- graded the Psallopinae to a tribal level and placed Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 09:50:00AM via free access <UN> 92 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 159, 2016 Figs 7–12 Habitus images of isometopines in Thailand. — 7, 8, Isometopus chaiyaphum, holotype male (AMNH_ PBI 00380407); 9, 10, Paloniella microchelys, holotype female (00380408); 11, 12, Myiomma phuvasae, holotype female (00380409). it in the Cylapinae. As pointed out by Herczec et al. Genus Isometopus Fieber (2015), this proposal, inclusion of Psallopinae in Isometopus chaiyaphum Yasunaga, Duanthisan & Cylapinae at the rank of tribe, seems to require care- Yamada sp. n. ful consideration. The identity and relationships of Figs 5–8, 15, 16 the Psallopinae are still poorly demonstrated,
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