Niccolò Machiavelli's Use of Cesare Borgia in the Prince
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Machiavelli: the Prince
The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Prince, by Nicolo Machiavelli This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The Prince Author: Nicolo Machiavelli Translator: W. K. Marriott Release Date: February 11, 2006 [EBook #1232] Last Updated: November 5, 2012 Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE *** Produced by John Bickers, David Widger and Others THE PRINCE by Nicolo Machiavelli Translated by W. K. Marriott Nicolo Machiavelli, born at Florence on 3rd May 1469. From 1494 to 1512 held an official post at Florence which included diplomatic missions to various European courts. Imprisoned in Florence, 1512; later exiled and returned to San Casciano. Died at Florence on 22nd June 1527. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION YOUTH Aet. 1-25—1469-94 OFFICE Aet. 25-43—1494-1512 LITERATURE AND DEATH Aet. 43-58—1512-27 THE MAN AND HIS WORKS DEDICATION THE PRINCE CHAPTER I HOW MANY KINDS OF PRINCIPALITIES THERE ARE CHAPTER II CONCERNING HEREDITARY PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER III CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER IV WHY THE KINGDOM OF DARIUS, CONQUERED BY ALEXANDER CHAPTER V CONCERNING THE WAY TO GOVERN CITIES OR PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER VI CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED CHAPTER VII CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED CHAPTER VIII CONCERNING -
Cesare Scénariste Et Illustrateur : Fuyumi Soryo Collaborateur
Prix manga 2016 Cesare Scénariste et illustrateur : Fuyumi Soryo Collaborateur : Motoaki Hara Ki-oon, 2013 Genre : historique Résumé : Naïf et studieux, Angelo da Canossa n’est guère armé pour la vie d’étudiant à l’université de Pise, lieu d’intrigues et de tensions dans l’Italie de la Renaissance. Son innocence résistera-t-elle à sa rencontre avec Cesare Borgia, rejeton d’une famille à la réputation sulfureuse, dont le père est sur le point d’accéder au Saint-Siège ? Rivalités entre les différentes factions de l’université, machinations politiques et luttes fratricides, Angelo va partager les années de formation d’un jeune homme en passe de devenir l’un des personnages les plus fascinants de l’Histoire. À ses côtés, il croisera le chemin de certains de ses contemporains les plus célèbres, de Christophe Colomb à Machiavel en passant par Léonard de Vinci… From 5 to 9 Scénariste et illustrateur : Miki Aihara Panini manga, 2012 Genre : amour Résumé : Nous avons tous un rêve. Celui de Junko est de s’installer à New York pour vivre des aventures passionnantes à l’instar des héroïnes de ses séries télé préférées. Belle et brillante, elle décroche un poste de professeur d’anglais dans une école privée. Junko a tout pour être heureuse. Il lui manque seulement un amoureux et, même si sa grand-mère l’a déjà casée, Junko n’est pas emballée. Certes l’heureux élu est bel homme mais c’est un bonze et épouser un moine bouddhiste n’est pas tout à fait ce dont Junko rêve. Le problème, c’est qu’il ne partage pas son opinion et a bien l’intention de ne pas lui faciliter ses futures histoires d’amour. -
THE SCARLET CONTESSA Jeanne Kalogridis
THE SCARLET CONTESSA Jeanne Kalogridis About the Author A • A Conversation with Jeanne Kalogridis Reading Group Gold Behind the Novel Selection • “Caterina: A Woman Ahead of Her Time” An Original Essay by the Author • Historical Perspective Keep on Reading • Recommended Reading • Reading Group Questions For more reading group suggestions, visit www.readinggroupgold.com. ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN Scarlett Contessa RGG_3.indd 1 3/29/11 12:07 PM A Conversation with Jeanne Kalogridis Could you tell us a little bit about your background, and when you decided that you wanted to lead a literary life? I was a shy, scrawny, unpopular kid with frizzy hair and thick glasses; since I had no social life, I read. I adored dark fantasy and science fiction, and I was writing my own stories as soon as I could hold a pencil. My mom and sisters were always dragging me to the mall on weekends, so while they shopped, I hung in the local bookstore. I think the defining “Caterina moment for me came when I picked up a copy of Ray presented a Bradbury’s The Illustrated Man in a Waldenbooks. special challenge His writing was so beautiful, so lyrical. I decided then that I wanted to write like that. because so little has been written Who are some of your favorite authors? about her.” Angela Carter, Margaret Atwood, and Dan Simmons (especially The Terror and Drood, both historical novels). You have already authored three historical novels about Renaissance Italy, The Borgia Bride, I, Mona Lisa, and, in part, The Devil’s Queen. -
Niccolò Machiavelli on Power*
RMM Vol. 0, Perspectives in Moral Science, ed. by M. Baurmann & B. Lahno, 2009, 335–354 http://www.rmm-journal.de/ Manfred J. Holler Niccolò Machiavelli on Power* Abstract: This paper uses the concept of power to analyze Machiavelli’s The Prince and the Dis- courses on the First Ten Books of Titus Livius. This helps to distil the elements that form the Machiavelli program that has its short-term aim in the formation of a national state of Italy. A unification of Italy under the umbrella of a princely family (such as identified with Cesare Borgia) was meant to be the first stage in an evolutionary process which, in the end, could lead to a more or less stable republican system. For the latter, the Roman Republic as described in the Discourses is Machiavelli’s model. The use of power, but al- so the minimization of cruelties, and the participation of the people, either in the form of militia to successfully fight foreign armies or to support the princely government, are major ingredients to this process. 1. Introduction The Prince has no power. This is the immediate consequence of applying We- ber’s seminal concept of power to Machiavelli’s The Prince as we will see below. Of course, this conclusion seems highly paradoxical since Niccolò Machiavelli has been praised and condemned as prophet of unconstrained power. It seems that there is more to power in Machiavelli’s writings as common understanding and superficial interpretation suggest. In this paper I scrutinize The Prince and the Discourses with the concept of power hoping to get a deeper insight in Ma- chiavelli’s political and philosophical ideas. -
ALEXANDER VI: (1431 - 1503, Pope from 1492 - 1503)
ALEXANDER VI: (1431 - 1503, Pope from 1492 - 1503) Alexander is the most notorious pope in all of history. He conducted a pontificate of nepotism, greed, ruthlessness, murder, and, as McBrien has described it, "unbridled sensuality." He became the leading figure in the saga of the Borgia family, both as a perpetuator of evil and a facilitator of the activities of the two most famous of his children, Cesare and Lucrezia. The second and last of the Spanish popes literally bought his pontificate with bribes. Such a purchased election is called "simoniacal," and was easily accomplished with the greed of seventeen of the twenty-two cardinals voting for the new pope. He was born Rodrigo Borgia near Valencia, Spain, the nephew of Callixtus, who made him a cardinal at the age of twenty-five (1456) and vice-chancellor of the Holy See (1457). As vice-chancellor, he amassed great wealth, lived an openly promiscuous life, and fathered seven children, both as a cardinal and the pope. Pius II, who had succeeded Callixtus and continued to support the rise in the church hierarchy of Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia, had to warn the young cardinal to refrain from his practice of participating in orgies. It was, as Pius expressed it, "unseemly." As a young man, Rodrigo was described as tall and handsome. Sigismondo de Conti speaks of him as a large, robust man, with a sharp Alexander VI Adoring gaze, great amiability, and "wonderful skill in money matters." Others the Risen Christ admired his tall figure, florid complexion, dark eyes, and full mouth. (Pinturicchio) However, in his early sixties when he became pope, he apparently lost his physical charm. -
Family Networks in the Early Modern Mediterranean World
2020 VII From Rome to Gandía: Family Networks in the Early Modern Mediterranean World Alex Mizumoto-Gitter Article: From Rome to Gandía: Family Networks in the Early Modern Mediterranean World From Rome to Gandía: Family Networks in the Early Modern Mediterranean World Alex Mizumoto-Gitter UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Abstract: Pope Alexander VI worked to maintain and grow his connections in Valencia through strategic positioning of family members, including his son Joan Borgia. Joan was married into the elite De Luna family and became Duke of Gandía, but struggled throughout to live up to expectations for a young adult nobleman. By following the correspondence between Joan and his relatives held in the Archive of the Cathedral of Valencia, it is possible to trace the frustrations expressed by all members of this expanding family. Joan acted out in response to the stress of the move and his new responsibilities, and in doing so repeatedly threatened his family’s regional goals. The marriage demonstrates the strategies elite families, papal and otherwise, used to expand their reach and grow their shared resources. Joan’s experiences in Gandía also provide valuable insight into the expectations of youth in the transitional space between childhood and full maturity. Keywords: patronage; nepotism; household; family; marriage; youth; networks; papacy; Spanish Italy; clothing Introduction: Positioning Joan Borgia n December 1493, the young Joan Borgia (1476–1497) received a sternly worded letter from his older brother.1 It opened graciously, calling him “Most Illustrious Lord and dearest brother,” before going on to scold him in no uncertain terms for his I misbehaviour in the newly acquired Duchy of Gandía on the coast of Valencia.2 Reports had reached Italy from Spain that the sixteen-year-old Joan, away from his family for the first time, had been gambling away his money, hunting dogs and cats in the street for sport, 1 For an overview of the family, see: Óscar Villarroel González, Los Borgia: Iglesia y poder entre los siglos xv y xvi (Madrid: Sílex, 2005). -
Renaissance Diplomacy in Practice: the Case of Gregorio Casali, England’S Ambassador to the Papal Court, 1525-33
Renaissance diplomacy in practice: the case of Gregorio Casali, England’s ambassador to the papal court, 1525-33 Catherine Lucy Fletcher Royal Holloway, University of London Thesis presented for the award of PhD 1 I confirm that the work contained in this thesis is entirely my own. Catherine Fletcher 23 April 2008 2 Abstract THIS thesis investigates the day-to-day practice of Renaissance diplomacy through a case-study of Gregorio Casali, one of a number of Italians in the Roman diplomatic corps who served foreign princes, in Casali’s case King Henry VIII of England. It outlines and analyses the key elements of the resident ambassador’s role, shifting the focus of study from the traditional emphasis on official negotiations and such formal sites for the exercise of power to consider too informal relationships and arenas for diplomacy. Chapters consider the diplomat’s role in Rome (the most developed diplomatic centre of its day); the relevance of family and friendship networks in Casali’s career; the importance of hospitality and liberality in diplomatic life; gift- giving and ‘bribery’. Drawing on recent scholarship relating to such issues as the house, household and gift-giving, the thesis situates Renaissance diplomacy in its broader social context. It thus contributes to the new trend among historians of diplomacy to adopt methods from social and cultural history, but, in applying the methodology of microhistory, takes this to a new level. As well as raising new questions about the role of the resident ambassador and his interaction with other diplomatic and political actors, the case of Casali and his family draws attention to the important issue of the employment of foreigners in diplomatic service during this period, allowing a consideration of how loyalty was understood and allegiances were managed. -
The Finite Renaissance
Te Finite Renaissance margreta de grazia irst published in German in 1860 and in English in 1878, Jacob Burck- F hardt’s Te Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy continues to be credited with having brought into being the distinct historical period known ever since as the Renaissance. And yet there is one basic aspect of the period Burckhardt defned that has been overlooked: its terminus ad quem. According to Burck- hardt, the Renaissance ended with the Reformation. One reader of Burckhardt’s Renaissance in Italy, however, did not miss this endpoint: Burckhardt’s sometime friend and junior colleague at the University of Basel, Friedrich Nietzsche.1 For Nietzsche, the Renaissance was cut of, pre- maturely and conclusively. Only in his mind’s eye did it attain full-blown glory: I have a vision of a possibility, one that has perfect, super-terrestial magic and multi-coloured charm:—it seems to shimmer with all the tremors of refned beauty, it seems that an art is at work in it, so divine, so diabolically divine that you will look in vain through millennia for a second possibility like this. (64) What is the subject of this “vision of a possibility”? “Cesare Borgia as Pope” (64)—the impious Renaissance renegade seated on the sancta sedes. Te image comes into focus as an artwork, a portrait, perhaps, like those painted by Ra- phael of the great patron Julius II or the illustrious Medici Leo X. But the sitter that Nietzsche envisions is not Christ’s vicar but the notorious Borgia despot. He relishes the irony, “Christianity . -
The Borgias: “Truth” Vs Reality
1 The Borgias: “Truth” vs Reality By Theodore Kemna Introduction As I described often in class for the last few months pre-quarantine, my research for our semester long project had been on the weirder and more taboo Popes, with my research question being “What absurd stories of old Popes are true and what are myths?” Unfortunately, through my research, though I came across some very odd stories from all over the history of the catholic church, I ended up focusing on the biggest of the more well known papacy-centric collections of tales, the saga of the Borgias, which made my research question more “What absurd stories about Alexander VI are true and what are myths?” by the end. Though in the course of my research some of the information that first piqued my interest has been disproven as most likely myths, I don’t wish to rob the class of these stories. That’s why I have decided to present the information as a “Truth” vs Reality article, in which I will first outline the “truth” of the stories as often outlined and believed in our modern day society, then counter and compare it with the reality of the actual situation. With that out of the way, here it is, presented in all it’s glory. “The Truth” of The Borgias In late July 1492, Pope Innocent VIII died, and the Cardinals of the Vatican were assembled to vote for his successor. In the center of this vote were two men, Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere and Cardinal Rodrigo de Borgia. -
Student Recital List (Finalv3).Xlsx
Student First Name Student Last Name Date Recital Name Time Location (Room) Instrument Teacher Last Name Title (incl. Op. No.) Ondia Abd 7/2/2018 CT State Contest Student Winners 10:00 AM Grand Ballroom E-G Composition Merlo The Braid Patricia Abe 6/29/2018 Festival 11:00 AM Plaza Terrace Piano Hobbs Sonatina in G Major, Op. 36 No. 5 Sadie I. Abr 6/30/2018 Theme 1:00 PM Garden 4 Voice Jones Times Like This from Lucky Stiff Selorna Ack 6/30/2018 Theme 1:30 PM Harbor Piano Tallman Dandelion Rag Haley Aco 6/29/2018 New Materials 2:00 PM Garden 4 Piano Keeling Winter Memories Sarah Aco 6/29/2018 New Materials 2:00 PM Garden 4 Piano Keeling Tango Espagnol Margaret Ada 7/1/2018 CT Symposium #1 11:00 AM Garden 4 Composer Lukas Palindrome Kathleen Adh 6/29/2018 Festival 3:30 PM Harbor Piano Noh Crimson Edison Adl 6/30/2018 CM String Recital #9 6:00 PM Garden 3 Violin Tajima Concerto in C Major, Op. 48 Kimiya Afr 7/1/2018 Festival 11:30 AM Harbor Piano Marquardt Arabesque No. 1 Sean Aga 7/2/2018 Festival 1:15 PM Garden 3 Voice Bunker Claire de lune Yannis Aga 6/29/2018 New Materials 11:00 AM Garden 4 Piano Pershina Prairie Song Hannah Aga 6/30/2018 Theme 11:30 AM Harbor Piano Hawley Majestic Mountain Hannah Aga 7/1/2018 Improvisation Celebration # 1 2:00 PM Garden 4 piano Hawley Spring Time Hannah Aga 7/1/2018 Improvisation Celebration # 1 2:00 PM Garden 4 piano Hawley Enchanted Waterfall Diya Agr 7/2/2018 Festival 1:00 PM Garden 4 Piano Panferova Reverie, Op. -
Condottieri, Machiavelli, and the Rise of the Florentine Militia Michael N
Student Publications Student Scholarship Fall 2014 With One's Own Arms: Condottieri, Machiavelli, and the Rise of the Florentine Militia Michael N. Boncardo Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship Part of the European History Commons, Medieval History Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, Military and Veterans Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Boncardo, Michael N., "With One's Own Arms: Condottieri, Machiavelli, and the Rise of the Florentine Militia" (2014). Student Publications. 256. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/256 This is the author's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/ 256 This open access student research paper is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. With One's Own Arms: Condottieri, Machiavelli, and the Rise of the Florentine Militia Abstract This paper examines the use of mercenary warfare on the Italian peninsula during the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It later focuses on the unique political and economic environment in Florence that led to Niccolo Machiavelli orchestrating the creation of the Florentine militia. Keywords Florence, Condotierri, Machiavelli, Militia, Renaissance Disciplines European History | History | Medieval History | Medieval Studies | Military and Veterans Studies | Military History Comments This paper was written for Prof. Felicia Else's course, FYS 197: Florence: Art, Money, and Power in the Renaissance City, Fall 2014. -
The Life of Cesare Borgia
The Life of Cesare Borgia Rafael Sabatini The Life of Cesare Borgia Table of Contents The Life of Cesare Borgia.........................................................................................................................................1 Rafael Sabatini...............................................................................................................................................1 PREFACE......................................................................................................................................................2 BOOK I. THE HOUSE OF THE BULL.....................................................................................................................8 CHAPTER I. THE RISE OF THE HOUSE OF BORGIA............................................................................8 CHAPTER II. THE REIGNS OF SIXTUS IV AND INNOCENT VIII.....................................................12 CHAPTER III. ALEXANDER VI...............................................................................................................21 CHAPTER IV. BORGIA ALLIANCES......................................................................................................29 BOOK II. THE BULL PASCANT...........................................................................................................................36 CHAPTER I. THE FRENCH INVASION..................................................................................................36 CHAPTER II. THE POPE AND THE SUPERNATURAL........................................................................44