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Institut Archéologique Beograd STARINAR INSTITUT ARCHÉOLOGIQUE BEOGRAD ARHEOLO[KI INSTITUT BEOGRAD UDK 902/904 (050) YU ISSN 0350–0241 STARINAR LI, 1–204, BEOGRAD 2001. Institut Archéologique Beograd STARINAR NOUVELLE SÉRIE VOLUME LI/2001 Rédacteur MILOJE R.VASI] Comité de rédaction Rastko VASI], Milutin GARA[ANIN, Noël DUVAL (Paris), Maja PAROVI]-PE[IKAN, Ivana POPOVI], Marko POPOVI], Nikola TASI], Olivera ILI] (secrétaire de la rédaction) BEOGRAD 2002 Arheolo{ki institut Beograd STARINAR NOVA SERIJA KWIGA LI/2001 Urednik MILOJE R.VASI] Redakcioni odbor Rastko VASI], Milutin GARA[ANIN, Noel DIVAL (Pariz), Maja PAROVI]-PE[IKAN, Ivana POPOVI], Marko POPOVI], Nikola TASI], Olivera ILI] (sekretar redakcije) BEOGRAD 2002. Izdaje: ARHEOLO[KI INSTITUT, Beograd, Knez Mihailova 35 Tehni~ki urednik: Danijela PARACKI Kompjuterska priprema: Danijela PARACKI [tampa: GRAFOMARKET, Beograd Tira`: 1000 primeraka Kwiga je objavqena uz finansijsku pomo} Ministarstva za nauku i tehnologiju Srbije SADR@AJ – SOMMAIRE RASPRAVE – ETUDES Slavi{a Peri} Der kulturelle Charakter und die Chronologie der Star~evo-Elemente im Neolithikum der westlichen Balkanregionen . 9 Slavi{a Peri} Kulturni karakter i hronologija star~eva~kih elemenata u neolitu zapadnih oblasti Balkana . 40 Florin Kurta Limes and cross: the religious dimension of the sixth-century Danube frontier of the early byzantine empire . 45 Florin Kurta Limes i krst: religiozna dimenzija ranovizantijske dunavske granice u VI veku . 69 Mihailo Milinkovi} Die byzantinische Höhenanlage auf der Jelica in Serbien – ein Beispiel aus dem nördlichen Illyricum des 6. Jh. 71 Mihailo Milinkovi} Vizantijski visinski kompleks na Jelici u Srbiji – primer iz severnog Ilirika 6. v. 131 Vojislav Kora} Ostaci manastira Sv. Arhan|ela Mihaila na Prevlaci . 135 Vojislav Kora} Les vestiges du monastère du Saint-Archange-Michel à Prevlaka . 147 Svetlana Popovi} The Serbian Episcopal Sees in the Thirteenth Century . 171 Svetlana Popovi} Srpska episkopska sedi{ta u XIII veku . 183 PRILOZI – APERÇUS Milorad Stoji} Der Becher aus Grdelica und das Problem der Keramik im Tremolo Stil . 185 Milorad Stoji} Pehar sa nalazi{ta Kale u Grdelici i problem keramike tremolo stila . 191 KRITIKE – CRITIQUES Vesna Biki} M. Cuwak, Bronzani sve}waci i kadionice iz Marko Popovi} smederevske tvr|ave, Saop{tewa XXIX, Beograd 1997. 193 PRIKAZI – COMPTES RENDUS Rastko Vasi} Josip V. Kobal, Bronzezeitliche Depotfunde aus Transkarpatien (Ukraine), PBF XX, 4, Stuttgart 2000. 195 Rastko Vasi} Feudvar I. Das plateau von Titel und die [ajka{ka (Titelski plato i [ajka{ka), Ausgrabungen und Naturwissenschaftliche Beiträge in einer Mikroregion am Zusammenfluss von Donau und Theiss, Verlag Oetker/Voges Kiel 1998. Feudvar II. Frank Falkenstein, Die Siedlungsgeschichte der Titeler plateaus, Verlag Oetker/Voges Kiel 1998. 196 Danica Popovi} L. A. Belçev, Russkoe srednevekovoe nadgrobie. Belokamennïe plitï Moskvï i Severo-vosto~noü Rusi XIII–XVII vv., Moskva 1996. 197 OSVRTI – APERÇU CRITIQUES Slobodan Du{ani} Istorijski metod Fanule Papazoglu (1917–2001). 201 OBAVE[TEWE ^ITAOCIMA ^itaoci Starinara primeti}e da broj 50 nosi godinu 2000. umesto 1999. Po{to to mo`e da unese zabunu, du`ni smo da damo kratko obja{wewe. ^asopis Starinar, kako je dobro poznato, po~eo je da izlazi 1884. godine. Tokom svog dugog izla`ewa ovaj ~asopis je imao zna~ajne prekide samo tokom I i II svetskog rata, po{to su tada{we redakcije stale na stanovi{te da rat i okupacija nisu vremena za izdavawe nau~nih ~asopisa. Na isto stanovi{te stala je redakcija Starinara tokom udara NATO protiv Jugoslavije 1999. godine i odlu~eno je da se za tu godinu ne izda broj Starinara, nego za slede}u, 2000. godinu. Nadamo se da }e ~itaoci uva`iti ovakav stav redakcije. Redakcija ~asopisa Starinar INFORMATION AUX LECTEURS Chers lecteurs de Starinar vous aurez remarqué que le numéro 50 porte comme année de parution 2000 et non 1999. Afin de prévenir toute confusion, nous nous devons d’apporter une brève explication. La revue Starinar, comme cela est bien connu, a vu le jour en 1884. Au cours de sa longue existence, elle n’avait enregistré que deux interruptions dans sa parution, au cours de la Ière et de la IIème Guerre mondiale, car sa rédaction avait alors estimé que la publication de revues scientifiques ne pouvait aller de paire avec la guerre et l’occupation. Cette même position a été adopté par la rédaction de Starinar lors des frappes de l’OTAN contre la Yougoslavie en 1999, de sorte qu’il a été décidé de reporter à l’année suivante, le numéro dont l’édition était prévue pour 1999. Nous espérons que nos lecteurs comprendront les raisons ayant incité la rédaction à prendre une telle position. La rédaction de la revue Starinar UDC 903 »634« (497.6) 903 »634« (496.5) 9 SLAVI[A PERI] Archäologisches Institut, Belgrad DER KULTURELLE CHARAKTER UND DIE CHRONOLOGIE DER STAR^EVO-ELEMENTE IM NEOLITHIKUM DER WESTLICHEN BALKANREGIONEN Abstract. – Dies ist der zweite Aufsatz im Rahmen einer Serie von Aufsätzen, in denen eine Analyse des aus Serbein stammenden, ausschließlich veröffentlichten neolithischen Materials vorgenommen wird. Es wird der Versuch unternommen, alle bisherigen Auffassungen über den Neolithisierungsprozess des Zentralbalkans zu systematisieren, bzw. die Position und Rolle der Star~evo- und Vin~a-Kulturgruppe innerhalb dieses komplexen kulturgeschichtlichen Prozesses in Südosteuropa festzstellen. In Diesem Aufsatz knüpfen wir an unseren früher geäußerten Standpunkt über die offenen Fragen der Herausbildung und Definition der Star~evo-Gruppe an und beschäftigen uns mit der kulturell-chrnonologischen Position von Star~evo-Elementen außerhalb ihres Ursprungsgebietes. In diesem Sinne haben wir einerseits anhand von Beispielen aus Zentralbosnien und Albanien versucht, die Rolle der Komponente der Star~evo-Kultur bei der Entstehung lokaler Kulturgruppen im Rahmen der sog. Übergangszone zu rekonstruieren. Andererseits wollten wir zeigen, im welchem Maße die mangelnden Erkenntnisse über die Genese der Star~evo-Gruppe, welche unmittelbar mit der ständig aufgeschobenen Veröffentlichung der Forschungsergebnisse über die Star~evo-Siedlungen zusammenhängen, sich auf falsche Schlussfolgerungen bei der kulturell-chronologischen Bestimmung der Star~evo-Elemente außerhalb ihres Ursprungsgebietes auswirken. Schlüsselwörter. – Neolithikum, Star~evo-Gruppe, Star~evo-Keramik, Barbotin, Balkan-Anatolien-Komplex, Zentralbosnien, albanisches Territorium. er Umfang und die Ergebnisse der bisherigen In diesem Aufsatz werden wir uns mit dem kulture- Forschungen über die Star~evo-Gruppe llen Charakter und mit der Chronologie der Star~evo- D erlauben uns, nur für einige Elemente ihrer Elemente in den Regionen des westlichen und süd- Gesamtentwicklung festzustellen, ob sie endgültig oder westlichen Balkan beschäftigen, d.h. in Zentralbosnien schwer veränderlich sind. Dies bezieht sich vor allem auf und Albanien. Diese Gebiete gehören zu einer geographi- die chronologische Position der Star~evo-Endphase, da schen Gürtelzone, die durch ihre natürlichen Merkmale man durchaus zuverlässig behaupten kann, dass sich das die Herauslösung einer im kulturgeschichtlichen Sinne Ende der Star~evo-Gruppe mit dem Ende des mittleren besonderen Überganszone ermöglicht hat. In dieser Zone bzw. dem Beginn des jüngeren Neolithikums auf der ist es im Verlauf des Neolithikums zum wechselseitigen Balkanhalbinsel überlappt. Dies betrifft auch die Bes- kulturellen und ethnischen Durchdringen der Vertreter timmung des Ursprungsgebietes der Star~evo-Gruppe der großen Kulturkomplexe des mediterranen und und größtenteils auch die Frage nach ihrer gesamten kontinentalen Teils der Balkanhalbinsel gekommen. Verbreitung. Wir werden uns eben dieser Elemente Die ersten Star~evo-Elemente im Rahmen dieser bedienen, um notwendigerweise auf die Star~evo- Übergangszone wurden in Zentralbosnien entdeckt, Komponente in einigen Randzonen hinzuweisen, deren und darauf folgten die Entdeckungen in einigen kulturell-chronologische Bestimmung nicht im Ein- albanischen Gebieten.1 Die Forschungsergebnisse in klang mit der Position dieser Elemente im Ursprungs- gebiet ist. Dies hat zu neuen Fehleinschätzungen bei der 1 Interpretation der Entwicklung der Star~evo-Gruppe A. Benac, Obre I – Neolitsko naselje star~eva~ko-impresso i kakanjske kulture na Raskr{}u, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja, geführt, aber auch bei der Erfassung der kulturellen Arheologija NS XXVII/XXVIII – 1972/1973, 5–171; M. Korkuti, Entwicklung der Balkanhalbinsel schlechthin. Neolithikum und Chalkolithikum in Albanien, Mainz 1995, 11–12. STARINAR LI/ 2001. 10 SLAVI[A PERI] der neolithischen Siedlung des Fundorts Raskr{}e und zuletzt um die wichtigste Frage der Chronologie und (Obre I) haben gezeigt, dass die beiden ältesten Strata Entstehung der Star~evo-Impresso-Kultur. Eine teil- einer gemischten kulturellen Erscheinung angehören, weise Antwort auf einige dieser Fragen wurde noch die A. Benac als ältere neolithische, Star~evo- während der Analyse der kuturellen Geschehnisse im Impresso-Kultur definiert hat. In der Entwicklung zentralbosnischen Gebiet vor der Herausbildung der dieser Kultur werden zwei Phasen unterschieden. Bei Kakanj-Kultur bzw. der Proto-Butmir-Phase gegeben.5 der Interpretation der Entstehung, der Chronologie Bei der Interpretation der Kultstätten in den und der Beziehung zu zeitgleichen Kulturen wird Sonden VI–VIII besteht das Hauptproblem darin, dass zunächst hervorgehoben, dass die Star~evo-Impresso- sich folgende zwei Sachverhalte nicht in dieselbe Ebene Kultur aus zwei kulturellen und ethnischen Kompo- setzen
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