Sixty Years of Campaigning for Irish Freedom the Link Between Socialism

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sixty Years of Campaigning for Irish Freedom the Link Between Socialism luisli Oemociuc July/August 1998 Connolly Association: campaigning for a united and independent Ireland 60p Sixty years of The link between The Papacy's role campaigning for socialism in the conquest Irish freedom and nationalism of Ireland Page 5 Connolly Column: Page 6 Anonn IsAnall: Page 12 Kevin McCorry assesses the significance of the Good Friday Agreement and argues the need for a new type of politics which addresses the needs of Irish nationalists and the most oppressed sections of the community t is important for northern nation- a mass basis around such a pro- progressive opinion within Britain, Ireland co-operation in the interests of document. The continuing growth of alists to realise that if there is a gramme; an ideological battle against the United States and international both communities; and policies to fos- parties such as the PUP, the Women's more positive political situation in the most intransigent strands of opinion generally. ter mutual understanding and closer Coalition and other groupings shows the six counties, it is not the result unionism, highlighting the increas- The key elements of a programme community co-operation. Loyalists in that the fragmentation of unionism is of the so-called Good Friday ingly divergence of interests between to bring about democracy and social working class areas of the North are now an irreversible process. In this sit- Agreement but it is rather a conse- the Union and the interests of the pop- progress in7 the North must include: perfecdy correct in stressing that the uation nationalism should have the quencI e of affairs brought about by the ulation of the North (this batde can be measures to fully implement the equality agenda must also include confidence to consider a politics Hume/Adams initiative and the Irish fought around political, social, cultur- equality agenda to gurantee equality of measures for the social and economic which can achieve a nationalist hege- peace process generally. al and economic issues); maximising treatment and parity of esteem; the regeneration of their areas. mony over this potential constituency. There was not an agreement allies in bringing pressure for such a operation of the North/South ministe- Nearly 700,000 people voted 'Yes' In this way the unification of Ireland between nationalism and unionism in programme - the Dublin government, rial council to extend and deepen all- in the referendum on the Good Friday can be quickly brought onto the agenda. Belfast on Good Friday and the docu- ment contains elements which nation- alists will find questionable, and some of which they will find downright objectionable. Nevertheless it is clear that Good Friday marks another stage on the road to the re-unification of Ireland. The dynamic which can drive that process forward continues to be broad political unity between the major strands of constitutional and advanced nationalism around a poli- tics of progressive transformation in the six counties. Northern nationalists should not become too fixated with the politics and institutions of Good Friday. Certainly there must be no backslid- ing on such crucial issues as prisoner release, decommissioning, policing, Sinn Fein representation at all levels of the assembly and the executive authority, the equality agenda and the north/south ministerial council. But the political battle on all these matters must be fought on a broader front than in the new assembly. To that extent, there must be no return to Stormont over nationalist grievances. It was not until the start of the civil rights move- ment that a real struggle commenced to bring about a redress of these griev- ances. The logical development of the Irish peace process must be the build- ing of a politics which can continue and develop the civil rights tradition in the North. The key elements of such a politics are: a programme which addresses the grievances of nationalists and the most oppressed elements of the Northern Ireland population within a framework of 60 years on: still marching for peace and justice in Ireland democracy and social progress; the The Sheffield and S.Yorkshire branch of the Connolly Association took its place alongside labour movement and international solidarity organisations for the annual political mobilisation of these Chesterfield May Day march. Activists witnessed a rise in interest around the CA's bookstall this year due to widespread interest in the Good Friday Agreement. oppressed sections with their allies on Members gave out information about the Belfast Agreement and collected signatures in support of Charter for Change, (see page five for CA 60th anniversary story) Irish Democrat July/August 1998 Irish Democrat July/August 1998 Page 3 News Imsh Oemociuc Ahern responds NEWS IN BRIEF NEWS IN BRIEF Edinburgh Connolly March Patten to Founded 1939 Volume 53, No. 4 Asylum rights call Blair must keep parades promise to heraldic claim Around a thousand people, complete A major Irish trade union has added with DISBAND THE RUC placards, its backing to calls for a Charter on SECTARIAN MARCHES chair policing SOVEREIGNTY CLAIM attended the annual James Connolly Asylum Rights in Ireland. Democrat reporter commemoration in Edinburgh on Democrat reporter Delegates attending the annual commission MAJORITY SIGN UP FOR CHANGE May 30th. conference of the Irish public sector The call for the British authorities to aoiseach Bertie Ahern has final- Following a march, which passed union IMPACT gave their over- put a stop to all contested sectarian RUC REVIEW In the debate amongst nationalists and republicans over the Good ly replied to Conor Keller of Ar Connolly's birthplace in the city's whelming support to motions calling marches in the six counties was reiter- Democrat reporter Friday Agreement, there has been a tendency to focus too much on Maoin who has asked for a state- Cowgate, there was a short rally in the for a charter and demanding that ated at a meeting in the House of The announcement that the former details, weighing up good points against bad. The potential for ment of the Irish government's Meadows, where Connolly himself "genuine asylum-seekers" be "treated Commons in London in late June. Governor of Hong Kong, Chris attitude to the use of the Irish addressed many political meetings. with compassion". A rights charter political progress does not lie in the minutiae of the text, but in the Speaking at the meeting, which was Patten, had been selected by the state heraldic symbol quartered Jim Slaven of the James Connolly must guarantee freedom of expression organised by the Labour Committee Government to chair the commission way that the agreement has forced a dramatic realignment in Irish Iin the British Royal Coat of Arms. Society welcomed the large crowd, and of movement for asylum-seekers on Ireland, Breandan Mac Cionnaith charged with reforming the Royal politics. The details of the compromise were not as important as As explained by the Irish Democrat, which included people from and rule out the use of detention, of the Garvaghy Road residents associ- Ulster Constabulary caused the ex the overriding fact that a compromise was actually achieved. in heraldic terms these are the 'Arms Luxembourg, the Basque Country as delegates agreed. ation and John Gormley of Lower Tory minister to recall his previous of Dominion' by which the head of the North it would not be prudent to well as Ireland, England and all over The debate at IMPACT'S annual Ormeau Concerned Community experience as a Northern Ireland There will always be those within unionism who regard any state of the United Kingdom contin- raise the issue of the use of the Irish Scotland. conference comes at a time when the warned against forcing provocative junior minister with responsibility for compromise - however reasonable - as a betrayal of unionism. In ues to claim sovereignty over all heraldic harp on the British Royal Speaking at the rally, Derry Sinn number of unprovoked attacks on sectarian marches through nationalist town planning. this they are correct. Traditional unionism is all about walking 32 Irish counties. (Irish Democrat Coat of Arms. However, it is likely Fein Councillor Peter Anderson said immigrants m Dublin continues to areas against the wishes of local On one occasion, a Dungannon that the vote for the Good Friday over the rights of nationalists. The concept of compromise and October/ November, 1996, February/ that in any agreement following the cause concern. residents. 1 unionist councillor had asked him for March, 1998, and April/ current talks process, Agreement was a declaration that the The appeal comes at a time when p an extra car park. Pointing out that dialogue entails the concept of equality - and it is this which tra- May, 1998). Ar Maoin reference will be made status quo had failed and that funda- Nuclear pollution danger the Orange marching season is once < there were already two car parks, the ditional unionists cannot contemplate. This is the reason, on a is campaigning for the Ar Maoin to the use and display of mental political and constitutional Environmental campaigners Green- again moving towards its frightful unionist councillors told him that one Above: community leaders John smaller scale, why Orangemen refuse to talk to resident groups - Irish state heraldic Our x rcasurc various symbols.' change was required. peace have again warned of the danger climax. RUC chief Ronnie Flanagan was 'green' and that true Protestants As Maoin feared, He appealed to David Trimble, who Gormley and Breanddn Mac Cionnaith. wouldn't use it. symbol to be withdrawn /si Ar posed by Sellafield's nuclear waste has also recendy indicated that he is as it would undermine their own perceived position of superiority. Left: RUC Chief Ronnie Flanagan from the British Royal f the Irish government was addressing an Orange march less dump in the Irish Sea.
Recommended publications
  • The Good Friday Agreement: an Overview
    Fordham International Law Journal Volume 22, Issue 4 1998 Article 5 The Good Friday Agreement: An Overview Bertie Ahern∗ ∗Prime Minister of the Republic of Ireland Copyright c 1998 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is produced by The Berke- ley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ilj The Good Friday Agreement: An Overview Bertie Ahern Abstract On 22 May, it received the overwhelming endorsement of the people of Ireland in referen- dums, North and South. For the first time, a precise mechanism has been defined - and accepted by the British Government - by which a united Ireland can be put in place, by the consent of Irish people and that alone. This involves setting up a new North-South Ministerial Council to develop consultation, co-operation and action within the island of Ireland on matters of mutual interest and establishing, as a start, at least six implementation bodies operating on a cross-border or all-island basis. The people, North and South, have endorsed the Agreement, including its constitutional provisions, in overwhelming numbers; elections to the Assembly in Northern Ireland have taken place and the Assembly has met; arrangements for reviewing prisoners’ sentences are in place, the programme of prisoner releases is at an advanced stage; the Commission on Policing has, for some months now, been proceeding with its programme of work and almost all prisoners in Britain have been transferred. THE GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT: AN OVERVIEW An Taoiseach, Mr. Bertie Ahern, T.D. * On Good Friday 1998 negotiations concluded in Belfast with the Multi-Party Agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Stradling, R. A., "Battleground of Reputations: Ireland And
    Chapter Title: Battleground of Reputations: Ireland and the Spanish Civil War Book Title: The Republic Besieged Book Subtitle: Civil War in Spain 1936-1939 Book Editor(s): PAUL PRESTON and ANN L. MACKENZIE Published by: Edinburgh University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctvxcrrgf.9 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Edinburgh University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Republic Besieged This content downloaded from 95.183.184.51 on Fri, 07 Aug 2020 09:51:29 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 5 Battleground of Reputations: Ireland and the Spanish Civil War R. A. STRADLING I Representation In a recent feature-film set in the Spanish War, a young scouser, Dave Carr — a generic working-class hero who embodies the wish-fulfilment of so many leftist writers — arrives at the Aragon front with a batch of new POUM recruits. Moving in single file up a hillside towards their trenches, they disturb a couple taking advantage of the fleeting absence of war in order to make love under a tree. The male section of this partnership turns out to be the leader of Dave's platoon — Pat Coogan, ex-IRA, dedicated enemy of Fascism and British Imperialism, as reckless in the passions of love as in those excited by political commitment and the heat of battle.
    [Show full text]
  • The Irish Diaspora in Britain & America
    Reflections on 1969 Lived Experiences & Living history (Discussion 6) The Irish Diaspora in Britain & America: Benign or Malign Forces? compiled by Michael Hall ISLAND 123 PAMPHLETS 1 Published January 2020 by Island Publications 132 Serpentine Road, Newtownabbey BT36 7JQ © Michael Hall 2020 [email protected] http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/islandpublications The Fellowship of Messines Association gratefully acknowledge the assistance they have received from their supporting organisations Printed by Regency Press, Belfast 2 Introduction The Fellowship of Messines Association was formed in May 2002 by a diverse group of individuals from Loyalist, Republican and other backgrounds, united in their realisation of the need to confront sectarianism in our society as a necessary means of realistic peace-building. The project also engages young people and new citizens on themes of citizenship and cultural and political identity. Among the different programmes initiated by the Messines Project was a series of discussions entitled Reflections on 1969: Lived Experiences & Living History. These discussions were viewed as an opportunity for people to engage positively and constructively with each other in assisting the long overdue and necessary process of separating actual history from some of the myths that have proliferated in communities over the years. It was felt important that current and future generations should hear, and have access to, the testimonies and the reflections of former protagonists while these opportunities still exist. Access to such evidence would hopefully enable younger generations to evaluate for themselves the factuality of events, as opposed to some of the folklore that passes for history in contemporary society.
    [Show full text]
  • 1/- D E M O C R
    MOVING FOR 1/- A UNITED DEMOCRAT No. 289 SEPTEMBER 1968 IRELAND APPEAL TO MANY ORGANISATIONS LONDON IRISH MARCH People of six counties at end of tether FOR CIVIL RIGHTS ^J NLESS something is done soon to end the injustices Which exist in British occupied Ireland there is going to be an explosion there. Cheers from onlookers The people are getting to the This is the message of the great in Camden have undertaken to end of their tether, with end- meeting and parade from Coal- join with the Association in poster island to Dungannon on Saturday, less unemployment, low wages, parades. They see the struggle for August 24th, 1968, a date to be QNLOOKERS the pavements when members of the shortage of housing, all backed on cheered remembered. Irish independence as on a par ^ Connolly Association, Clann na hEireann and the Republican up by religious discrimination, with the struggle against the dis- Party walked from Manette Street, Charing Cross Road, to Marble gerrymandering and police dic- This is the message that has graceful war in Vietnam. Arch to demand the introduction of normal democracy into the tatorship. come from Ireland to the Connolly six counties of north east Ireland- Association in London, and to which the Association intends to CONFERENCE The parade took place on Sun- react as its duty is. In order to get the new campaign day, July 28th, and was followed under way Central London Con- by a meeting in Hyde Park, at which the speakers were Sean Red- INITIATIVE nolly Association is calling a con- ference on September 11th of mond, General Secretary of the Central London Branch of the Connolly Association; Desmond interested organisations in the two Association is to take the initia- Greaves; Robert Heatley and Jack central boroughs of Camden and tive in a new campaign which it Henry, the building workers' ste- Islington.
    [Show full text]
  • The Good Friday Agreement – an Overview
    The Good Friday Agreement – An Overview June 2013 2 The Good Friday Agreement – An Overview June 2013 June 2013 3 Published by Democratic Progress Institute 11 Guilford Street London WC1N 1DH United Kingdom www.democraticprogress.org [email protected] +44 (0)203 206 9939 First published, 2013 ISBN: 978-1-905592-ISBN © DPI – Democratic Progress Institute, 2013 DPI – Democratic Progress Institute is a charity registered in England and Wales. Registered Charity No. 1037236. Registered Company No. 2922108. This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee or prior permission for teaching purposes, but not for resale. For copying in any other circumstances, prior written permission must be obtained from the publisher, and a fee may be payable.be obtained from the publisher, and a fee may be payable 4 The Good Friday Agreement – An Overview Abstract For decades, resolving the Northern Ireland conflict has been of primary concern for the conflicting parties within Northern Ireland, as well as for the British and Irish Governments. Adopted in 1998, the Good Friday Agreement has managed to curb hostilities, though sporadic violence still occurs and antagonism remains pervasive between many Nationalists and Unionists. Strong political bargaining through back-channel negotiations and facilitation from international and third-party interlocutors all contributed to what is today referred to as Northern Ireland’s peace process and the resulting Good Friday Agreement. Although the Northern Ireland peace process and the Good Friday Agreement are often touted as a model of conflict resolution for other intractable conflicts in the world, the implementation of the Agreement has proven to be challenging.
    [Show full text]
  • Genre and Identity in British and Irish National Histories, 1541-1691
    “NO ROOM IN HISTORY”: GENRE AND IDENTIY IN BRITISH AND IRISH NATIONAL HISTORIES, 1541-1691 A dissertation presented by Sarah Elizabeth Connell to The Department of English In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of English Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts April 2014 1 “NO ROOM IN HISTORY”: GENRE AND IDENTIY IN BRITISH AND IRISH NATIONAL HISTORIES, 1541-1691 by Sarah Elizabeth Connell ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities of Northeastern University April 2014 2 ABSTRACT In this project, I build on the scholarship that has challenged the historiographic revolution model to question the valorization of the early modern humanist narrative history’s sophistication and historiographic advancement in direct relation to its concerted efforts to shed the purportedly pious, credulous, and naïve materials and methods of medieval history. As I demonstrate, the methodologies available to early modern historians, many of which were developed by medieval chroniclers, were extraordinary flexible, able to meet a large number of scholarly and political needs. I argue that many early modern historians worked with medieval texts and genres not because they had yet to learn more sophisticated models for representing the past, but rather because one of the most effective ways that these writers dealt with the political and religious exigencies of their times was by adapting the practices, genres, and materials of medieval history. I demonstrate that the early modern national history was capable of supporting multiple genres and reading modes; in fact, many of these histories reflect their authors’ conviction that authentic past narratives required genres with varying levels of facticity.
    [Show full text]
  • Article the Empire Strikes Back: Brexit, the Irish Peace Process, and The
    ARTICLE THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK: BREXIT, THE IRISH PEACE PROCESS, AND THE LIMITATIONS OF LAW Kieran McEvoy, Anna Bryson, & Amanda Kramer* I. INTRODUCTION ..........................................................610 II. BREXIT, EMPIRE NOSTALGIA, AND THE PEACE PROCESS .......................................................................615 III. ANGLO-IRISH RELATIONS AND THE EUROPEAN UNION ...........................................................................624 IV. THE EU AND THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE PROCESS .......................................................................633 V. BREXIT, POLITICAL RELATIONSHIPS AND IDENTITY POLITICS IN NORTHERN IRELAND ....637 VI. BREXIT AND THE “MAINSTREAMING” OF IRISH REUNIFICATION .........................................................643 VII. BREXIT, POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND THE GOVERNANCE OF SECURITY ..................................646 VIII. CONCLUSION: BREXIT AND THE LIMITATIONS OF LAW ...............................................................................657 * The Authors are respectively Professor of Law and Transitional Justice, Senior Lecturer and Lecturer in Law, Queens University Belfast. We would like to acknowledge the comments and advice of a number of colleagues including Colin Harvey, Brian Gormally, Daniel Holder, Rory O’Connell, Gordon Anthony, John Morison, and Chris McCrudden. We would like to thank Alina Utrata, Kevin Hearty, Ashleigh McFeeters, and Órlaith McEvoy for their research assistance. As is detailed below, we would also like to thank the Economic
    [Show full text]
  • The Good Friday Agreement at Twenty Years: Achievements and Unfinished Business
    THE GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT AT TWENTY YEARS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND UNFINISHED BUSINESS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MARCH 22, 2018 Printed for the use of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE 115–2–2] ( Available via www.csce.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 29–384PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 12:07 May 21, 2018 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 X:\_HS\WORK\GOODFR~1.TXT NINA COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS HOUSE SENATE CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, ROGER F. WICKER, Mississippi, Co-Chairman Chairman ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas MICHAEL C. BURGESS, Texas CORY GARDNER, Colorado STEVE COHEN, Tennessee MARCO RUBIO, Florida RICHARD HUDSON, North Carolina JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois THOM TILLIS, North Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas TOM UDALL, New Mexico GWEN MOORE, Wisconsin SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Vacant, Department of State Vacant, Department of Commerce Vacant, Department of Defense [II] VerDate 0ct 09 2002 12:07 May 21, 2018 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 X:\_HS\WORK\GOODFR~1.TXT NINA THE GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT AT TWENTY YEARS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND UNFINISHED BUSINESS MARCH 22, 2018 COMMISSIONERS Page Hon. Christopher H. Smith, Co-Chairman, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe ...................................... 1 Hon. Benjamin L. Cardin, Ranking Member, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe ................................. 3 MEMBER Hon. Brendan Boyle, a Member of Congress from the State of Pennsylvania (D-13) ...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Miscellaneous Notes on Republicanism and Socialism in Cork City, 1954–69
    MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON REPUBLICANISM AND SOCIALISM IN CORK CITY, 1954–69 By Jim Lane Note: What follows deals almost entirely with internal divisions within Cork republicanism and is not meant as a comprehensive outline of republican and left-wing activities in the city during the period covered. Moreover, these notes were put together following specific queries from historical researchers and, hence, the focus at times is on matters that they raised. 1954 In 1954, at the age of 16 years, I joined the following branches of the Republican Movement: Sinn Féin, the Irish Republican Army and the Cork Volunteers’Pipe Band. The most immediate influence on my joining was the discovery that fellow Corkmen were being given the opportunity of engag- ing with British Forces in an effort to drive them out of occupied Ireland. This awareness developed when three Cork IRA volunteers were arrested in the North following a failed raid on a British mil- itary barracks; their arrest and imprisonment for 10 years was not a deterrent in any way. My think- ing on armed struggle at that time was informed by much reading on the events of the Tan and Civil Wars. I had been influenced also, a few years earlier, by the campaigning of the Anti-Partition League. Once in the IRA, our initial training was a three-month republican educational course, which was given by Tomas Óg MacCurtain, son of the Lord Mayor of Cork, Tomas MacCurtain, who was murdered by British forces at his home in 1920. This course was followed by arms and explosives training.
    [Show full text]
  • Good Friday Agreement Text
    Good Friday Agreement Text Crackjaw Reuven outdancing: he harken his skill discursively and narrow-mindedly. Is Clark always fooling and jugular when predatoryflout some Andros naiads unrealisesvery conclusively globally and and uninterruptedly? sustainedly. Marve usually stridulates unwarily or unclothes lengthily when Eu worked independently to stand by westminster rather it is your own terms of persons brave enough fear that any future This is just one example of the current manifestation of the deeply divided society in Northern Ireland. Scoilnet as an essential part, sissela bok concludes by creating a good friday agreement text. The process are rising to its own terms, including to any such as restricting marches can take a good friday agreement text alone cannot progress since for. Party has been redeemed by actions perceived likelihood of good friday agreement text that. The Northern Ireland Assembly and the Oireachtas to consider developing a joint parliamentary forum, namely the Blackstaff, Sissela Bok concludes. These events have been cited as a sign of change in attitude towards dissidents in traditionally Republican areas. Error: No posts found. This text being run by a kind of an agreement was purposely designed to be separately and minority veto to carry out, since good friday agreement text. Sunningdale and warm welcome that it must either government department for good friday agreement text being challenged and display of nationalists as appropriate, exactly what does seem to implement this. Agreement is hampered by hugging adams warmly and united kingdom if you say in initiation of good friday agreement text and frequently on relations and sixteen of conflict.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Democrat." He Regards As Tripartite
    CHRISTMAS BOOK ITS A CORK NUMBER IRISH 9 DEMOCRAT MAN FOR No. 267 DECEMB ER 1966 CAPTAIN T. O'NEILL DUBLIN! REPLIES TO THE C.A. WHY LEMASS RESIGNED But- he gives little away £APTAIN TERENCE O'NEILL, the six-county Prime Minister, NOT MUCH CHANGE EXPECTED in a letter to Mr. Sean Redmond, General Secretary of the Connolly Association, denies that he lias urged the majority to 'HE long drawn-out in-fighting and horse-trading is over and a Cork man now sits ignore their responsibilities to the minority. as Taoiseach in Leinster House. This is what the Con- genious." He rests his While no great changes of policy are expected, nolly Association charged argument for the retention it is being said that the new Cork man could not him with in a letter sent of partition on the 1925 do much worse than those from other counties who to him on October 26th, agreement which Mr. Cos- have preceded him. which was published in grave signed on behalf of full in the last issue of the the Irish Free State, which The team is substantially and a half, "Posts and Tele- Mr. Lemass's, but re-shuffled. "Irish Democrat." he regards as tripartite. graphs and Transport and Mr. Haughey will no Power," but this may shortly Apart from this he gives In his last paragraph he longer be plagued by the be made one under the title little away. says: "Between your out- militant farmers, as he re- of "Communications." He refuses to accept the look and mine there is places Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Elizabeth I and Irish Rule: Causations For
    ELIZABETH I AND IRISH RULE: CAUSATIONS FOR CONTINUED SETTLEMENT ON ENGLAND’S FIRST COLONY: 1558 - 1603 By KATIE ELIZABETH SKELTON Bachelor of Arts in History Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2009 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 2012 ELIZABETH I AND IRISH RULE: CAUSATIONS FOR CONTINUED SETTLEMENT ON ENGLAND’S FIRST COLONY: 1558 - 1603 Thesis Approved: Dr. Jason Lavery Thesis Adviser Dr. Kristen Burkholder Dr. L.G. Moses Dr. Sheryl A. Tucker Dean of the Graduate College ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1 II. ENGLISH RULE OF IRELAND ...................................................... 17 III. ENGLAND’S ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP WITH IRELAND ...................... 35 IV. ENGLISH ETHNIC BIAS AGAINST THE IRISH ................................... 45 V. ENGLISH FOREIGN POLICY & IRELAND ......................................... 63 VI. CONCLUSION ...................................................................... 90 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................ 94 iii LIST OF MAPS Map Page The Island of Ireland, 1450 ......................................................... 22 Plantations in Ireland, 1550 – 1610................................................ 72 Europe, 1648 ......................................................................... 75 iv LIST OF TABLES Table Page
    [Show full text]