Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2019) 43: 123-130 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Short Communication doi:10.3906/zoo-1803-23

New records and faunistic data of mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) from Albania, Hungary, Macedonia, Montenegro, and

1,2, 1 1 Edina TÖRÖK *, Levente-Péter KOLCSÁR , Lujza KERESZTES  1 Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Centre of Systems Biology, Biodiversity, and Bioresources, University of Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 2 Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania

Received: 12.03.2018 Accepted/Published Online: 12.11.2018 Final Version: 11.01.2019

Abstract: The monitoring of Culicidae through faunistic data is important to identify potential vector species of disease and therefore acts as an early warning system. The Balkans have a diverse mosquito fauna that can be an important gateway of potential vector species to Europe, because of the abundance of larval habitats and favorable climatic conditions. Here we present four new records of Culicidae: Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes (Meigen, 1830), Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cantans (Meigen, 1818) for Albania, and Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor (Kirby, 1837) for Albania and Serbia. We also present some photos of the most important diagnostic characters. Furthermore, we add new faunistic data for Macedonia, Montenegro, and Hungary. An additional invasive species, Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), is also added to the fauna of Albania.

Key words: New faunistic records, mosquito, new distribution, vector species

Mosquitoes are hematophagous insects. Potentially rather out of date, and so our updates refresh old faunistic they can transmit a series of pathogenic organisms such records (Blanc and Heckenroth, 1918; Weyer, 1942; as bacteria (Rickettsia sp. (Socolovschi et al., 2012; Dieme Senevet and Andarelli, 1956; Danielova and Adhami, et al., 2015)), viruses (West Nile virus (Hubálek, 2008b)), 1960) with valuable data. A more recent contribution to protozoans (Plasmodium sp. (Piperaki and Daikos, 2016)), the Albanian Culicidae fauna was published by Adhami and nematodes (Dirofilaria sp. (Kronefeld et al., 2014; (1987) and later Adhami and Reiter (1998), who mentioned Ionică et al., 2016)). They can be responsible for numerous 39 species, including the invasive Ae. albopictus. Quite human and animal diseases, and so from this respect, recently other faunistic papers also contributed to the faunistic surveys are of increasing importance in the early diversity and distribution of the Albanian mosquito fauna detection of serious epidemics in vulnerable regions, such (Rogozi et al., 2012). This is also true for the countries as the Balkans. Based on European Centre for Disease that made up the former Yugoslavia, with few instances Prevention and Control (ECDC) maps (https://ecdc. of faunistic data going back to the 1970s or 1980s. The europa.eu/en/disease-vectors/surveillance-and-disease- data that exist lack exact locality information and only data/mosquito-maps of January 2018) of the Balkan area, cover a moderate number of species: 33 for Macedonia two invasive species, Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) and and 36 for Montenegro (Adamovic, 1975, 1980; Srdic Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901), have already been et al., 1986). Serbia has a more intensively investigated detected. Globalization and climate change are likely to mosquito fauna of about 45 species and more or less create favorable conditions for several other Culicidae updated distributional data (Božičić-Lothrop and Vujić, with potential exotic pathogens spreading from their 1996; Vujić et al., 2010) also available in online databases formerly limited ranges within the Mediterranean region by Gunay et al. (MosKeyTool, http://medilabsecure.com/ and expanding their distribution through the Balkans to moskeytool) and Ramsdale and Snow ( https://fauna-eu. Europe (Githeko et al., 2000). org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/ef7da5aa-e818-4835-bb5d- In this paper, we present new faunistic data from 2221077b0f68). In Hungary the Culicidae fauna was Albania, Hungary, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. intensively monitored and should be considered one of the Knowledge of the faunistic list of the Albanian Culicidae is best investigated in Europe from this point of view, with * Correspondence: [email protected] 123

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50 mosquito species and one subspecies of Culex pipiens (Meigen, 1818). The diagnostic character is on the hind molestus Forskal, 1775. The last checklist was published legs: the basal ring of tarsomere 2 is more than half of the by Tóth and Kenyeres (2012) and supplemented with Ae. tarsomere length. Oc. cantas has tarsomere 2 with shorter geminus Peus 1970 by Soltész (2012). rings (Kenyeres and Tóth, 2008; Becker et al., 2010). Our investigations on Culicidae material from the Biology and ecology: A widespread species throughout Balkans were conducted in 2016 and 2017, from April Europe. The flight period starts in early spring with only to June. Adult mosquitoes were collected using a sweep one generation per year. Eggs are laid on the water surface. net, while larvae were collected with a pond net. Male Specimens of this species can only survive winter as eggs. specimens and larvae were fixed in 96% ethanol; females Migration potential is low and they do not travel far were stored dry-pinned. The material is deposited in the from their breeding sites. They prefer forest ecosystems Diptera Collection of the Faculty of Biology and Geology, and shallow reeds in marshy areas. Females have shown Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (DCBBU). a feeding preference for humans and other mammals The specimens were identified based on morphological (Börstler et al., 2016) and become aggressive at dawn and characters using identification keys (Kenyeres and Tóth, dusk. 2008; Becker et al., 2010) and identification program Veterinary and medical importance: This species is software (Schaffner et al., 2001). The male terminalia were an important vector species transmitting Tahyna virus examined after maceration in 10% KOH and photos were (Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) and Myxoma virus taken using an Olympus SZ61 stereomicroscope and Optik (Leporipoxvirus) (Kenyeres and Tóth, 2008), with cases microscope equipped with a Canon 650D camera and an already reported from different areas of Europe. LM Digital SLR Adapter (Micro-Tech Lab, Austria). Layer Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cantans (Meigen, 1818) (Figure 3) photos were combined using the free version of Zerene Material: Albania, Qarku Shkodar Velo polje Rozafa- Stacker (http://zerenesystems.com/cms/stacker). All Velipoje marshy area, 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E, 30 collected data are available from the TransDiptera Online April 2016, two males, two females, leg. Kolcsár Levente- Database (http://transdiptera.ro). Péter During the present study, we collected a total of 127 Morphological characters: Coloration of the scutum larval, 144 male, and 264 female specimens belonging to is very variable. The grayish integument is dark, having 28 different mosquito species (Table) from five different blackish-brown scales and only fewer scattered white or countries: Albania (22 species, 277 specimens), Hungary yellowish-white scales on the body and wings (Kenyeres (10 species, 72 specimens), Macedonia (4 species, 40 and Tóth, 2008; Becker et al., 2010). specimens), Montenegro (4 species, 125 specimens), and Biology and ecology: The biology of this species Serbia (7 species, 21 specimens) (Figure 1). We add a new is highly similar to the preceding Oc. annulipes. It is faunistic record for Albania, Ae. Albopictus, collected in also widespread over all of Europe, one generation per Illias from the Gjipe Canyon, where secondary macchia year being present; like the preceding species, only eggs vegetation with Olea europaea was investigated. Here larvae survive during the winter period. Females of this species are likely to use breeding sites in aqueducts and sumps lay their eggs on dry land surfaces in forest ecosystems. around irrigation systems in the area we investigated. The adults are long-living and are on wing from spring to New records of Culicidae late summer. Migrations are more pronounced than those Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes (Meigen, 1830) (Figure 2) of Oc. annulipes (Kenyeres and Tóth, 2008; Becker et al., Material: Albania, Qarku Shkodar Velo polje Rozafa- 2010; Medlock and Vaux, 2015). Females have feeding Velipoje marshy area, 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E, 30 preferences for humans and other mammals (Börstler et April 2016, five males, two females, leg. Kolcsár Levente- al., 2016). Péter. Veterinary and medical importance: It is another Morphological characters: This species is relatively important vector species with veterinary and medical big and well-marked. The proboscis is pale in the median importance, transmitting Tahyna virus (Bunyaviridae, area and the color of the palps is mixed with dark and pale Orthobunyavirus) and West Nile virus (Flaviviridae, scales, as are the wings. On the abdomen a pale basal band Flavivirus) (Hubálek, 2008). is present, and tergite IV is sprinkled with conspicuous Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor (Kirby, 1837) (Figure 4) ornamentation. The thorax lacks mesepimeral setae, Material: Albania, Qarku Shkodar, Velo polje, Rozafa- and postprocoxal areas have some ornamentation with Velipoje marshy area, 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E, a patch of scales present, as on the metamerons too. The 30 April 2016, 1 male, 1 female, leg. Kolcsar Levente- integument is brownish with yellow scales. The scutum Peter; Serbia, Raska Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1600 m, has a continuous band of yellow to cream and white 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E, 21 June 2017, seven females, leg. scales. This species is very similar to Ochlerotatus cantans Kolcsár Levente-Péter, Török Edina.

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Table. Summary of Culicidae collection data

Number of specimens Culicidae species (L - larva, M - male, Date Collection site F - female) Aedes (Aedimorphus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 2M, 3F 5/31/2016 vexans (Meigen, 1830) 115 m, 47.92534°N, 18.782693°E Aedes (Aedimorphus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 5M, 5F 6/2/2016 vexans (Meigen, 1830) 175 m, 47.911592°N, 18.789623°E Aedes (Aedimorphus) ME, Buljarica, Maslina Camping, 1F 6/25/2017 vexans (Meigen, 1830) 20 m, 42.196888°N, 18.965432°E Aedes (Aedimorphus) AL, macchia/Altra beach, 50 m, 3F 5/4/2016 vexans (Meigen, 1830) 40.160774°N, 19603465°E Aedes (Stegomyia) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 13M, 19F 6/27/2017 albopictus (Skuse, 1895) 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E Anopheles (Anopheles) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2L 6/29/2017 algeriensis Theobald, 1903 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Anopheles (Anopheles) HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Fekete 1F 6/1/2016 algeriensis Theobald, 1904 valley, 338 m, 47.973936°N, 18.895434°E Anopheles (Anopheles) FYROM, Kolari, Bistra Mts., Straza pass, 1F 6/29/2017 claviger (Meigen, 1804) 1219 m, 41.669744°N, 20.85049°E Anopheles (Anopheles) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2F 6/29/2017 claviger (Meigen, 1804) 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Anopheles (Anopheles) RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1F 6/21/2017 claviger (Meigen, 1804) 1600 m, 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Anopheles (Anopheles) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 7L, 3M 6/29/2017 maculipennis Meigen, 1818 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Anopheles (Anopheles) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 1M 6/27/2017 plumbeus Stephens, 1828 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E Anopheles (Anopheles) ME, Buljarica, Maslina Camping, 1M 6/25/2017 plumbeus Stephens, 1829 20 m, 42.196888°N, 18.965432°E Culex (Neoculex) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2F 6/29/2017 territans Walker, 1856 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Culex (Barraudius) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 307 m, 1F 6/28/2017 modestus Ficalbi, 1890 40.148281°N, 19.678127°E Culex (Culex) ME Buljarica, Maslina Camping, 1M 6/25/2017 mimeticus Noe, 1899 20 m, 42.196888°N, 18.965432°E Culex (Culex) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 5F 6/27/2017 pipiens Linnaeus, 1758 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E Culex (Culex) HU, Nagyborzsony, Borzsony Mts., 1F 6/1/2016 pipiens Linnaeus, 1759 220 m, 47.934748°N, 18.833689°E Culex (Culex) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 114L, 4M, 7F 6/29/2017 pipiens Linnaeus, 1760 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Culex (Culex) ME, Buljarica, Maslina Camping, 50M, 70F 6/24/2017 pipiens Linnaeus, 1761 20 m, 42.196888°N, 18.965432°E Culex (Culex) ME, Medjurecje, Maganik Mts., 2L 6/23/2017 pipiens Linnaeus, 1762 River, 320 m, 42.733601°N, 19.333522°E

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Table. (Continued).

Culex (Culex) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2F 6/29/2017 theileri Theobald, 1903 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Culex (Culex) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 1M 6/29/2017 torrentium Martini, 1927 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Culex (Maillotia) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2M, 6F 6/29/2017 hortensis Ficalbi, 1889 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Culex (Maillotia) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 1F 6/27/2017 hortensis Ficalbi, 1890 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E Culex (Maillotia) FYROM, Kolari, Bistra Mts., Straza pass, 1M 6/29/2017 hortensis Ficalbi, 1891 1219 m, 41.669744°N, 20.85049°E Culiseta (Culiseta) AL, Buqeze, Ohrid Lake, 696 m, 2L, 8F 6/29/2017 annulata (Schrank, 1776) 41.041043°N, 20.634478°E Aedes (Rusticoidus) HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Fekete valley, 1F 6/1/2016 rusticus (Rossi, 1790) 338 m, 47.973936°N, 18.895434°E Aedes (Rusticoidus) HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Long valley, 1M 5/30/2016 rusticus (Rossi, 1790) 290 m, 47.924015°N, 18.852132°E Aedes (Rusticoidus) AL, macchia/Altra beach, 50 m, 4F 5/4/2016 rusticus (Rossi, 1790) 40.160774°N, 19.603465°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 7M, 4F 5/31/2016 annulipes (Meigen, 1830) 115 m, 47.92534°N, 18.782693°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 3M 6/2/2016 annulipes (Meigen, 1830) 175 m, 47.911592°N, 18.789623°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Fekete valley, 3M 6/1/2016 annulipes (Meigen, 1830) 338 m, 47.973936°N, 18.895434°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Debrecen, Banki arboretum, 3M, 4F 5/28/2017 annulipes (Meigen, 1830) 125 m, 47.486258°N, 21.71886°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) AL, Velipolje, Rozafa-Velipoje marshy area, 5M, 2F 4/30/2016 annulipes (Meigen, 1830) 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 3M, 10F 5/31/2016 cantans (Meigen, 1818) 115 m, 47.92534°N, 18.782693°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 1M 6/2/2016 cantans (Meigen, 1818) 175 m, 47.911592°N, 18.789623°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) AL, Velipolje, Rozafa-Velipoje marshy area, 2M, 2F 4/30/2016 cantans (Meigen, 1818) 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) AL, Butrint Lake shore, 13 m, 3M 5/3/2016 cantans (Meigen, 1818) 39.745429°N, 20.020297°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) HU, Vecses, marshy area, 113 m, 8F 5/26/2016 cantans (Meigen, 1818) 47.3859°N, 19.2699°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 5F 6/27/2017 zammitii (Theobald, 1903) 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E Aedes (Finlaya) RS, Sikirje, Kukavica Mts., 648 m, 2F 6/30/2017 geniculatus (Olivier, 1791) 42.652586°N, 21.880192°E Aedes (Finlaya) AL, Ilias, Gjipe Canyon, 10 m, 4F 6/27/2017 geniculatus (Olivier, 1791) 40.127709°N, 19.671675°E

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Table. (Continued).

Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus FYROM, Kolari, Bistra Mts., Straza pass, 5M, 31F 6/29/2017 (Olivier, 1791) 1219 m, 41.669744°N, 20.85049°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1600 m, 1F 6/21/2017 (Olivier, 1791) 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Fekete valley, 3F 6/1/2016 (Olivier, 1791) 338 m, 47.973936°N, 18.895434°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus RS, Sikirje, Kukavica Mts., 648 m, 2F 6/30/2017 (Olivier, 1791) 42.652586°N, 21.880192°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus FYROM, , Bistra Mts., Marlovo NP, 1F 6/29/2017 (Olivier, 1791) 990 m, 41.719438°N, 20.82889°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus AL, Velipolje, Rozafa-Velipoje marshy area, 1M 4/30/2016 (Olivier, 1791) 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus AL, macchia/oak forest, 50 m, 8M, 5F 5/4/2016 (Olivier, 1791) 40.160774°N, 19603465°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus AL, Butrint Lake shore, 13 m, 1M 5/3/2016 (Olivier, 1791) 39.745429°N, 20.020297°E Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus FYROM, Kolari, Bistra Mts., Straza pass, 1M 6/29/2017 (Olivier, 1791) 1219 m, 41.669744°N, 20.85049°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cataphylla RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1F 6/21/2017 (Dyar, 1916) 1600 m, 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cataphylla HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 1F 6/2/2016 (Dyar, 1916) 175 m, 47.911592°N, 18.789623°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1600 m, 3F 6/21/2017 (Coquillet, 1904) 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 115 m, 1F 5/31/2016 (Pallas, 1771) 47.92534°N, 18.782693°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius AL, Velipolje, Rozafa-Velipoje marshy area, 3M, 6F 4/30/2016 (Pallas, 1771) 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius AL, Butrint Lake shore, 13 m, 2F 5/3/2016 (Pallas, 1771) 39.745429°N, 20.020297°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius AL, macchia/Altra beach, 50 m, 4M, 8F 5/4/2016 (Pallas, 1771) 40.160774°N, 19603465°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) caspius AL, Butrint Lake shore, 13 m, 3F 5/3/2016 (Pallas, 1771) 39.745429°N, 20.020297°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) communis RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 1F 6/21/2017 (De Geer, 1776) 1600 m, 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) detritus AL, macchia/Altra beach, 50 m, 2F 5/4/2016 (Haliday, 1833) 40.160774°N, 19603465°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor AL, Velipolje, Rozafa-Velipoje marshy area, 1M, 1F 4/30/2016 (Kirby, 1837) 2 m, 41.861852°N, 19.445431°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 7F 6/21/2017 (Kirby, 1837) 1600 m, 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus HU, Kemence, Borzsony Mts., Fekete valley, 1M 6/1/2016 (Meigen, 1838) 338 m, 47.973936°N, 18.895434°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus HU, Ipolytolgyes, Ipoly valley, 1F 5/31/2016 (Meigen, 1838) 115 m, 47.92534°N, 18.782693°E Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus RS, Kopaonik, Kopaonik Mts., 3F 6/21/2017 (Meigen, 1838) 1600 m, 43.2981°N, 20.787058°E

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Figure 1. Collection sites are displayed with white dots. AL: Albania, FYROM: Macedonia, HU: Hungary, ME: Montenegro, RS: Serbia.

Figure 2. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) annulipes (Meigen, 1830) female: a) abdomen pattern, b) lateral view.

Morphological characters: It is a medium-sized yellowish-brown scales and light brown setae on the lobes. species with proboscis and palps that have dark scales only. The legs are completely dark, with one ring (Kenyeres and The occiput displays honey-yellowish and yellow narrow Tóth, 2008; Becker et al., 2010). scales. The dorsal surface of the head is cream-colored Biology and ecology: It is a widespread species with erect forked scales, laterally only with white scales. throughout Europe, having one generation per year. The scutum is covered with yellowish-brown scales, with a Mosquitoes of this species can survive winter only in the median strip of dark brown scales; the posterior submedian egg stage. Females lay their eggs on land surface, feeding areas also have dark brown scales. The scutellum has mostly on birds, humans, and other mammals. Adults prefer

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Figure 3. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) cantans (Meigen, 1818) female: a) abdomen pattern, b) lateral view.

Oc. punctodes, and Oc. punctor. Oc. punctor is described as a cold stenotherm, all-day active species (Becker et al., 2010). Ae. punctor has high variety of feeding preferences, including birds, mammals, and humans (Service, 1971). Veterinary and medical importance: It has the potential to transmit the Tahyna virus (Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus), West Nile virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus), Inkoo (Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus), and tularemia (Francisellaceae, Francisella) (Hubálek, 2008). Our results confirm that the area investigated by us needs more comprehensive faunistic investigations in the future because of the presence of potentially important Figure 4. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) punctor (Kirby, 1837) female, vector species for a series of medically important pathogens. lateral view. This region can be described as a European early warning system and therefore more mosquito faunistic surveys are very highly recommended. forest ecosystems and are long-lived, flying from spring to late summer. Females are active during the day. The life Acknowledgments cycle of this mosquito requires water, and they are broad We thank Ágnes Simon and Pete Boardman for in their breeding site preferences, being present in lakes, linguistic revisions and comments. We thank a number puddles, and even marshy areas. According to Kenyeres of anonymous reviewers for their help, and thank the and Tóth (2008), Oc. punctor is a snow-melt mosquito, editor. The first author received financial support from which has a preference for swampy forests with boggy POSDRU/187/1.5/S/156069, RESEARCH 62. During waters, and larvae hatch during snow-melt. The species preparation of the manuscript, LP Kolcsár and E Török belongs to a widespread Holarctic species complex, which received financial support from Eötvös Loránd University, is present in Europe with three species, Oc. herodotus, Hungary.

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