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1 www.gradeup.co • President of , has appointed new Governors for eight states. The new governors have been appointed for states including , , , , , , Mizoram and . While some of the current governors have been transferred to new states, in some others new appointments have been made. • The Governors and Lieutenant governors are appointed by the . The Governors and Lieutenant governors are executive heads of the states and the union territories respectively. There are 28 states and 8 union territories in India.

President appoints new Governors for eight states:

• Thawarchand Gehlot has been appointed as the new of Karnataka. • Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel will be the new Governor of Madhya Pradesh. • Dr. Hari Babu Kambhampati will be Governor of Mizoram. • Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar has been appointed as the Governor of Himachal Pradesh. • Mizoram Governor P.S. Sreedharan Pillai has been appointed as the new Governor of Goa. • Haryana Governor will now be the Governor of Tripura. • Tripura Governor is the new Governor of Jharkhand. • Himachal Pradesh Governor Bandaru Dattatraya has been transferred and appointed as new Governor of Haryana.

Interesting Facts about Governors of India

• First governor-general of Bengal: Warren Hastings • First governor-general of India: Lord William Bentinck • First Viceroy of India: Lord Canning • Last Viceroy of British India: Lord Mountbatten • The first governor-general of Independent India: Lord Mountbatten • First Indian governor-general of Independent India: C. Rajagopalachari • The first female to become the governor of the Indian state: • Longest-serving governor of a state: (11 years in )

List of Governors of States in India First Governor of State after First Women States Current Governor Independence Governor Sharda Biswa Bhusan Harichandan Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi Mukherjee Arunachal B.D. Mishra - Pradesh

Assam Muhammad Saleh Akbar Hydari -

Bihar -

Chhattisgarh D. N. Sahay Anusuiya Uikey

Maj Gen K. P. Candeth (Military Goa PS Sreedharan Pillai - Governor)

2 www.gradeup.co Sharda Acharya Dev Vrat Mukherjee

Haryana Bandaru Dattatraya -

Himachal Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar S. Chakravarti Sheila Kaul Pradesh

Jharkhand Ramesh Bais Parbhat Kumar

Karnataka Thawarchand Gehlot Jayachamaraja Wodeyar V. S. Ramadevi

Jyothi Arif Mohammed Khan Burgula Ramakrishna Rao Venkatachalam

Madhya Pradesh Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramayya Sarla Grewal

Vijayalakshmi Koshyari Sir John Colville Pandit

Manipur B. K. Nehru Najma Heptulla

Meghalaya -

Mizoram Hari Babu Kambhampati S.P.Mukherjee -

Nagaland R.N.Ravi Vishnu Sahay -

Odisha Dr. -

Punjab V. P. Singh Badnore Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi -

Rajasthan Gurumukh Nihal Singh Pratibha Patil

Sikkim B.B. Lal -

Tamil Nadu General Sir Archibald Edward Nye

Telangana Dr E. S. L. Narasimhan -

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Tripura Satyadev Narayan Arya B. K. Nehru -

Sarojini Naidu (United Province), Sarojini Naidu Anandi Ben Patel Sri Hormasji Peroshaw Mody (United (When renamed as Uttar Pradesh) Province)

Uttarakhand -

West Bengal Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari Padmaja Naidu

Current Lieutenant Governors of Union Territories of India First woman Current Lieutenant First Lieutenant Union Territories Lieutenant Governor/Administrators Governor Governor Andaman and Nicobar Admiral (Retd) Devendra Kumar - - Islands Joshi (LG) V. P. Singh Badnore (Admin) - - & (Admin) - - (Merged into single UT as on 26 January 2020) (LG) - Jammu & Kashmir Manoj Sinha (LG) Praful Khoda Patel (Additional - - Charge) Tamilisai Soundararajan Puducherry S.L. Silam Chandrawati (Additional Charge) Radha Krishna Mathur (LG)

Now, Let's discuss the eligibility criteria, tenure, duty, and powers of Governors.

Who can be appointed as the Governor?

Article 153, in Part VI of the Indian constitution, says, "There shall be a Governor for each State. Provided that nothing in this Article shall prevent the appointment of the same person as Governor for two or more States." It means one person can be appointed as Governor for two or more states.

A candidate can only be appointed as the governor of any State/UT, If he/she fulfills the following conditions, as written in article 157 & 158:

1. The Governor shall be a citizen of India. 2. The Governor shall be of age 35 years and more.

4 www.gradeup.co 3. The Governor shall not be a member of either House of Parliament or of a House of the Legislature of any State specified in the First Schedule, and if a member of either House of Parliament or of a House of the Legislature of any such State be appointed Governor, he shall be deemed to have vacated his seat in that House on the date on which he enters upon his office as Governor. 4. The Governor shall not hold any other office of profit.

What is the term of Governor's office?

The term which is defined under article 156 of the Indian constitution of the governor's office is normally 5 years. During his tenure, he/she is entitled to the various emoluments, allowances, and privileges which are determined by Parliament by law or as mentioned under the second schedule. Additionally, these emoluments and allowances cannot be diminished during his/her term of office.

In some special conditions where the same person is appointed as Governor of two or more States, the emoluments and allowances payable to Governor will be allocated among the states in proportions determined by the President.

Generally, Governors serve until the expiration of his term, but they can be terminated earlier if:

• The Governor is dismissed by the President, at whose pleasure he holds the office. It means the President on the advice Prime Minister of the country can dismiss the Governor. • The Governor may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.

What are the duties and the powers of a Governor?

The Governor is the head of a state. The Governor is the nominal head of a state, while the is the executive head. Furthermore, Governor functions as a link between the Union Government and the .

The Governor's power can be classified into three categories, which are:

Legislative Powers

• As the Governor is said to be a part of the State Legislature, he has the right of addressing and sending messages, summoning, deferring and dissolving the State Legislature, just like the President has, in respect to the Parliament. Although these are formal powers, in reality, the Governor must be guided by the Chief Minister and his Council of Ministers before making such decisions. • The Governor inaugurates the state legislature and the first session of each year, by addressing the Assembly, outlining the new administrative policies of the ruling government. • The Governor lays before the State Legislature, the annual financial statement and also makes demands for grants and recommendation of ‘Money Bills’. • The Governor constitutes the State Finance Commission. He also holds the power to make advances out of the Contingency Fund of the State in the case of any unforeseen circumstances. • All bills passed by the Legislative Assembly become law, only after the Governor approves them. In case it is not a , the Governor holds the right to send it back to the Vidhan Sabha for reconsideration. But if the Vidhan Sabha sends back the Bill to the Governor the second time, then he has to sign it. • The Governor has the power to promulgate an ordinance when the Legislative Assembly is not in session, and a law has to be brought into effect immediately. However, the ordinance is presented in the state legislature in the next session, and remains operative for a total of six weeks, unless it is approved by the legislature.

5 www.gradeup.co Judicial Powers

• The Governor can grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remission of punishments. He can also suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of an offence against the law. • The Governor is consulted by the President in the appointment of the Chief Justice to the High Court of that particular state.

Emergency Powers

• In case no political party bags a majority in the Vidhan Sabha of the state, the Governor holds the power to use his discretion to select the Chief Minister. • The Governor informs the President in an official report, of a particular emergency arisen in the state, and imposes ‘President’s Rule’ on the behalf of the President. The Governor, in such circumstances, overrides the advice or functions of the Council of Ministers, and directs upon himself, the workings of the state.

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