Agent Name Here)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Influence of Seed Head–Attacking Biological Control Agents
BIOLOGICAL CONTROLÑWEEDS Influence of Seed Head–Attacking Biological Control Agents on Spotted Knapweed Reproductive Potential in Western Montana Over a 30-Year Period 1,2 3 1 1 JIM M. STORY, LINCOLN SMITH, JANELLE G. CORN, AND LINDA J. WHITE Environ. Entomol. 37(2): 510Ð519 (2008) ABSTRACT Five insect biological control agents that attack ßower heads of spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe L. subsp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek, became established in western Montana between 1973 and 1992. In a controlled Þeld experiment in 2006, seed-head insects reduced spotted knapweed seed production per seed head by 84.4%. The seed production at two sites in western Montana where these biological control agents were well established was 91.6Ð93.8% lower in 2004Ð2005 than 1974Ð1975, whereas the number of seed heads per square meter was 70.7% lower, and the reproductive potential (seeds/m2) was 95.9Ð99.0% lower. The average seed bank in 2005 at four sites containing robust spotted knapweed populations was 281 seeds/m2 compared with 19 seeds/m2 at four sites where knapweed density has declined. Seed bank densities were much higher at sites in central Montana (4,218 seeds/m2), where the insects have been established for a shorter period. Urophora affinis Frauenfeld was the most abundant species at eight study sites, infesting 66.7% of the seed heads, followed by a 47.3% infestation by Larinus minutus Gyllenhal and L. obtusus Gyllenhal. From 1974 to 1985, Urophora spp. apparently reduced the number of seeds per seed head by 34.5Ð46.9%; the addition of Larinus spp. further reduced seed numbers 84.2Ð90.5% by 2005. -
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area August 2015 CNHP’s mission is to preserve the natural diversity of life by contributing the essential scientific foundation that leads to lasting conservation of Colorado's biological wealth. Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University 1475 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523 (970) 491-7331 Report Prepared for: United States Air Force Academy Department of Natural Resources Recommended Citation: Smith, P., S. S. Panjabi, and J. Handwerk. 2015. Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Front Cover: Documenting weeds at the US Air Force Academy. Photos courtesy of the Colorado Natural Heritage Program © Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area El Paso County, CO Pam Smith, Susan Spackman Panjabi, and Jill Handwerk Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Various federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, orders, and policies require land managers to control noxious weeds. The purpose of this plan is to provide a guide to manage, in the most efficient and effective manner, the noxious weeds on the US Air Force Academy (Academy) and Farish Recreation Area (Farish) over the next 10 years (through 2025), in accordance with their respective integrated natural resources management plans. This plan pertains to the “natural” portions of the Academy and excludes highly developed areas, such as around buildings, recreation fields, and lawns. -
Centaurea Stoebe Ssp. Micranthos
Species: Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cenmac/all.html SPECIES: Centaurea maculosa Introductory Distribution and occurrence Management Considerations Botanical and ecological characteristics Fire ecology Fire effects References INTRODUCTORY SPECIES: Centaurea maculosa AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION FEIS ABBREVIATION SYNONYMS NRCS PLANT CODE COMMON NAMES TAXONOMY LIFE FORM FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS OTHER STATUS AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION: Zouhar, Kris. 2001. Centaurea maculosa. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2007, September 24]. FEIS ABBREVIATION: CENMAC SYNONYMS: Centaurea biebersteinii DC. [82] Centaurea stoebe L. ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek [137] NRCS PLANT CODE [212]: CEBI2 1 of 58 9/24/2007 4:04 PM Species: Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cenmac/all.html COMMON NAMES: spotted knapweed TAXONOMY: The scientific name for spotted knapweed is Centaurea maculosa Lam. (Asteraceae) [45,67,217,233]. Oschmann [137] suggests that in North America, the name Centaurea maculosa has been misapplied to Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos. The taxonomy of spotted knapweed is discussed in Ochsmann [137] and on the Centaurea website. Oschsmann [136] also cites evidence of hybridization between spotted and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) in at least 7 U.S. states. The hybrid is named Centaurea × psammogena Gayer. LIFE FORM: Forb FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS: No special status OTHER STATUS: Spotted knapweed has been declared a noxious or restricted weed in at least 15 states in the U.S. and 4 Canadian provinces [213]. -
Assessment of Insects, Primarily Impacts of Biological Control Organisms and Their Parasitoids, Associated with Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Stoebe L
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2004 Assessment of Insects, Primarily Impacts of Biological Control Organisms and Their Parasitoids, Associated with Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L. s. l.) in Eastern Tennessee Amy Lynn Kovach University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Kovach, Amy Lynn, "Assessment of Insects, Primarily Impacts of Biological Control Organisms and Their Parasitoids, Associated with Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L. s. l.) in Eastern Tennessee. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2004. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2267 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Amy Lynn Kovach entitled "Assessment of Insects, Primarily Impacts of Biological Control Organisms and Their Parasitoids, Associated with Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L. s. l.) in Eastern Tennessee." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Entomology and Plant Pathology. Jerome F. Grant, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Paris L. Lambdin, B. Eugene Wofford Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. -
Deer Mouse Predation on the Biological Control Agent, Urophora Spp., Introduced to Control Spotted Knapweed
This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. NORTHWESTERN NATURALIST 80:26-29 SPRING 1999 DEER MOUSE PREDATION ON THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT, UROPHORASPP., INTRODUCED TO CONTROL SPOTTED KNAPWEED D. E. PEARSON USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 800 East Beckwith Avenue, Missoula, Montana 59801 USA ABSTRACT-Field observations made in 1993 suggested that rodents were preying on spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) seedheads, possibly targeting the gall fly larvae (Urophoraspp.) which overwinter within them. I conducted a brief study to determine the cause of seedhead predation and quantify gall fly predation. Stomachs were examined from 19 deer mice (Pero- myscus maniculatus) captured in the fall of 1993 and winter of 1997. All individuals had preyed upon gall fly larvae. The mean number of gall fly larvae found in 10 deer mouse stomachs in the winter of 1997 was 212.8. The minimum number of larvae consumed by these 10 animals for 1 night of foraging was 2686. Availability of a concentrated protein that is a readily accessible and abundant resource during winter may elevate deer mouse populations in knapweed-in- fested habitats. Increases in densities of deer mice due to gall fly presence could bring about shifts in composition of small mammal communities. Key words: Peromyscus maniculatus, Urophora,Centaurea maculosa, deer mouse, gall fly, spot- ted knapweed, predation, biological control Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) is 1 0.8 to 9.3 galls per seedhead (Story and Now- of the fastest-spreading rangeland weeds in ierski 1984). -
Centaurea Stoebe)
Chapter 11 Sustainable Control of Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) D.G. Knochel and T.R. Seastedt Abstract Spotted knapweed is native to Eastern Europe, with a locally scarce but widespread distribution from the Mediterranean to the eastern region of Russia. The plant is one of over a dozen Centaurea species that were accidentally introduced into North America and now is found in over 1 million ha of rangeland in the USA and Canada. Land managers spend millions of dollars annually in an attempt to control spotted knapweed and recover lost forage production, and meanwhile the plant perse- veres as a detriment to native biodiversity and soil stability. These ecological concerns have motivated intense scientific inquiry in an attempt to understand the important fac- tors explaining the unusual dominance of this species. Substantial uncertainty remains about cause–effect relationships of plant dominance, and sustainable methods to control the plant remain largely unidentified or controversial. Here, we attempt to resolve some of the controversies surrounding spotted knapweed’s ability to dominate invaded com- munities, and focus on what we believe is a sustainable approach to the management of this species in grasslands, rangelands, and forests. Application of both cultural and bio- logical control tools, particularly the concurrent use of foliage, seed, and root feeding insects, is believed sufficient to decrease densities of spotted knapweed in most areas to levels where the species is no longer a significant ecological or economic concern. Keywords Biological control • Biological invasions • Centaurea stoebe L. ssp micranthos • Centaurea maculosa • Knapweed • Sustainable management 11.1 Introduction Knapweeds and yellow starthistle, plants belonging to the genus Centaurea and the closely related genus Acroptilon, are members of the Asteraceae that were acciden- tally introduced into North America from Eurasia over a century ago. -
Field Cage Assessment of Interference Among Insects Attacking Seed Heads of Spotted and Diffuse Knapweed L
This article was downloaded by: [USDA National Agricultural Library] On: 18 September 2008 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 731703660] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Biocontrol Science and Technology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713409232 Field cage assessment of interference among insects attacking seed heads of spotted and diffuse knapweed L. Smith a; M. Mayer b a USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA b USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT, USA Online Publication Date: 01 August 2005 To cite this Article Smith, L. and Mayer, M.(2005)'Field cage assessment of interference among insects attacking seed heads of spotted and diffuse knapweed',Biocontrol Science and Technology,15:5,427 — 442 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/09583150400016902 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150400016902 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. -
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Biological Control of Invasive
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States Roy Van Driesche Bernd Blossey Mark Hoddle Suzanne Lyon Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2002-04 Department of Service August 2002 Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES Technical Coordinators Roy Van Driesche and Suzanne Lyon Department of Entomology, University of Massachusets, Amherst, MA Bernd Blossey Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA, Forest Service, Morgantown, WV USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the authors of the individual chap- We would also like to thank the U.S. Depart- ters for their expertise in reviewing and summariz- ment of Agriculture–Forest Service, Forest Health ing the literature and providing current information Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West on biological control of the major invasive plants in Virginia, for providing funding for the preparation the Eastern United States. and printing of this publication. G. Keith Douce, David Moorhead, and Charles Additional copies of this publication can be or- Bargeron of the Bugwood Network, University of dered from the Bulletin Distribution Center, Uni- Georgia (Tifton, Ga.), managed and digitized the pho- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, (413) tographs and illustrations used in this publication and 545-2717; or Mark Hoddle, Department of Entomol- produced the CD-ROM accompanying this book. -
Larinus Minutus (Knapweed Seedhead Weevil)
RANGE Operational Field Guide to the propagation and establishment of the bioagent Larinus minutus (Knapweed seedhead weevil) March 1999 The contents of this Field Guide may not be cited in whole or in part without the advance written approval of the Director, Forest Practices Branch, Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia Information contained in this Field Guide is comprised of fact and field observations as of March 1999. Site specific experiences may vary. Operational Field Guide to the propagation and establishment of the bioagent Larinus minutus (Knapweed seedhead weevil) March 1999 Forest Practices Branch Range Section Noxious Weed Control Program British Columbia Ministry of Forests Larinus minutus (Knapweed seedhead weevil) - Operational Field Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE........................................................................................................1 2. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 14 LARINUS MINUTUS .......................................................................................2 BIOLOGY ...................................................................................................3 RANGE.......................................................................................................6 Native (European) Distribution.........................................................6 Predicted North American Distribution.............................................6 HABITAT ....................................................................................................7 -
Fruit Flies (Dip.: Tephritidae) Reared from Capitula of Asteraceae in the Urmia Region, Iran
J o u r n a l o f E n t o m o l o g i c a l S o c i e t y o f I r a n 53 2011, 30(2), 53-66 Fruit flies (Dip.: Tephritidae) reared from capitula of Asteraceae in the Urmia region, Iran Y. Karimpour Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A list of 20 species of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) from the Urmia region (Azarbaijan-e Gharbi province, Iran) is presented. The specimens were collected during 2005-2008 from six different localities. Adults were obtained from overwintering and mature seed heads of 17 plant species of Asteraceae. The species, Urophora xanthippe (Munro, 1934) is newly recorded for the fauna of Iran. Thirteen new host plants are also reported for the first time. The host plants, collection date, locality as well as general distribution and associated plants of each species are given. Key words: Tephritidae, fauna, Asteraceae, host plants, fruit flies, Urmia, Iran Tephritinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) ƵŶǀƨģ ƱŚŤºſř ƶǀƯƹŹřƽƶ ƤƐƴƯŻř ƽƵŵřƺƳŚųźƿŻƽŚƷž ĮƯŻřƶƳƺĭçåƪƯŚƃƾŤſźƸƟ ƽƶ ƤƐƴƯƂƃŻřæèíìŚţæèíÑƽŚƷƩŚſŹŵƵŶƃƭŚŬƳřƽŚƷƾſŹźŝƩƺƏŹŵŚƷƶƳƺĭƲƿřŢſřƵŶƃƾƟźƘƯ ƾŝźƛƱŚŬƿŚŝŹŷō ƾƷŚǀĭƽƶ ƳƺĭæìƚƫŚŝƹƱřŹŸĭƱ ŚŤƀƯŻƽŚƷƢ ŞƏŻřơƺƟƽŚƷƶ ƳƺĭƪƯŚƧšřźƄůŶƳŶƃƽŹƹōƖưūƶǀƯƹŹřƝřźƏřŹŵƞƬŤŴƯ Urophora xanthippe (Munro, 1934) (Asteraceae) ƱřźºƿřƱƺºƟƽřźºŝ ŚƷƱ ōƲǀŝŻřƶƧŶƳŶƯōŢſŵƶ ŝ ƱřŵźĮŝŚŤƟōƽƵźǀţ ƹŲƿŹŚţƱŚŝżǀƯƱŚƷŚǀĭŶƳƺƃƾ ƯƁŹřżĭƵŵřƺƳŚųƲƿřƽŚƷž ĮƯƽřźŝŶƿŶūƱŚŝżǀƯƱřƺƴƗƶŝƾƷŚǀĭƽƶ ƳƺĭæèƹƵŵƺŝŶƿŶū ŢſřƵŶƃƶŗřŹřƶƳƺĭźƷŚŝƎŞţźƯƱŚƷŚǀĭƹƾƯƺưƗŹŚƄŤƳřƽƵŻƺůƵřźưƷƶŝƶƤƐƴƯŹŵŚƷž ĮƯƲƿřƽŹƹōƖ ưūƪŰƯ Asteraceae Tephritidae ƱřźƿřƶǀƯƹŹřƵƺǀƯƽŚƷž ĮƯƾƷŚǀĭƽŚƷƱ ŚŝżǀƯ ƱƺƟƽŶǀƬƧƱŚĭĥřƹ Introduction Fruit flies (Tephritidae) are cosmopolitan and also one of the largest families of acalypterate Diptera, comprising over 4300 valid species worldwide (Norrbom, 2004). They contain medium sized flies with often a characteristic wing patterns (Foote & Steyskal, 1987; White & Elson-Harris, 1992). -
Scope: Munis Entomology & Zoology Publishes a Wide Variety of Papers
_____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 7, No. 2, June 2012__________ 935 AN INVESTIGATION OF THE FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) FAUNA IN AJABSHIR REGION (EAST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE) WITH THE NEW RECORD FROM IRAN (PART 2) Yaser Gharajedaghi*, Samad Khaghaninia* and Reza Farshbaf Pour Abad* * Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, IRAN. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] [Gharajedaghi, Y., Khaghaninia, S. & Pour Abad, R. F. 2012. An investigation of the fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) fauna in Ajabshir region (East Azerbaijan province) with the new record from Iran (part 2). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 7 (2): 935-945] ABSTRACT: Based on specimens collected from Ajabshir region during 2009-2010, forty nine species of sixteen genera were recognized which Orellia distans Loew, 1847 is being newly reported for the Iran insect fauna. In this part, the locality, host plants, distribution of the studied species and references are prepared. KEY WORDS: Tephritidae, Fruit flies, Ajabshir region, Iran, New record. Family Tephritidae Tribe Myopitini Urophora affinis (Frauenfeld, 1857) Material examined: (3♂♂, 1♀): Ajabshir, Gunbed, 37°30' N, 46°01' E, 1437 m, 13 February 2010; (1♀): Ajabshir, Tejarak, 37°28' N, 45°49' E, 1660 m, 13 February 2010 (Gharajedaghi). Host plants: Centaurea spp. (Korneyev & With, 1993). Distribution: Central Europe, east to Afghanistan; introduced to western North America (White & Korneyev, 1989) and Iran (Gharajedaghi et al., 2011b). Urophora doganlari Kutuk, 2006 Material examined: (1♀): Ajabshir, Bag dara, 37°29.885' N, 45°52.344' E, 2037 m, 27 March 2010 (Gharajedaghi). Host plants: Centaurea bornmuelleria (Kutuk, 2006). Distribution: Turkey (Kutuk, 2006) and Iran (Khaghaninia et al., unpublished). -
Scope: Munis Entomology & Zoology Publishes a Wide Variety of Papers
_____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 7, No. 2, June 2012__________ 957 THE FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) FAUNA OF GAZİANTEP PROVINCE, TURKEY Mehmet Yaran* & Murat Kütük* * Gaziantep University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, 27310, Gaziantep – TURKEY. E-mail: [email protected] [Yaran, M. & Kütük, M. 2012. The fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) fauna of Gaziantep province, Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 7 (2): 957-969] ABSTRACT: This study based on the fruit fly materials collected in Gaziantep province of Turkey in spring and summer months of 2008-2009 years. Twenty-eight species belonging to 12 genera from 4 subfamilies of fruit flies were determined in the study region. Figures of wing patterns and zoogeographic distribution of each species are given. KEY WORDS: Fruit flies, Tephritidae, Fauna, Gaziantep, Turkey. The fruit flies (Tephritidae) are one of the families of the acalyptrate Diptera, numbering over 4300 valid species worldwide (Norrbom, 2004). Many species of fruit flies, especially the subfamily Tephritinae, develop in plants of the family Asteraceae (Freidberg & Kugler, 1989). Some species of Tephritidae infest the flowerheads of Asteraceae hosts, collectively belonging to several tribes, with or without the induction of galls. Some species induce the formations of galls in flower heads, stems, or roots of Asteraceae (Freidberg & Kugler, 1989). Görmez (2011) reported 115 species of fruit flies from Turkey on his M. Sc. thesis. And then Kütük et al. (2011a) described a new species of Terellia (Terellia askaleensis) from Turkey. Kütük et al. (2011b) described a new species of Tephritis (Tephritis ozaslani) from Turkey. So far 117 species of fruit flies are recorded in Turkey.