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Brief History of Architecture in N.C. Courthouses
MONUMENTS TO DEMOCRACY Architecture Styles in North Carolina Courthouses By Ava Barlow The judicial system, as one of three branches of government, is one of the main foundations of democracy. North Carolina’s earliest courthouses, none of which survived, were simple, small, frame or log structures. Ancillary buildings, such as a jail, clerk’s offi ce, and sheriff’s offi ce were built around them. As our nation developed, however, leaders gave careful consideration to the structures that would house important institutions – how they were to be designed and built, what symbols were to be used, and what building materials were to be used. Over time, fashion and design trends have changed, but ideals have remained. To refl ect those ideals, certain styles, symbols, and motifs have appeared and reappeared in the architecture of our government buildings, especially courthouses. This article attempts to explain the history behind the making of these landmarks in communities around the state. Georgian Federal Greek Revival Victorian Neo-Classical Pre – Independence 1780s – 1820 1820s – 1860s 1870s – 1905 Revival 1880s – 1930 Colonial Revival Art Deco Modernist Eco-Sustainable 1930 - 1950 1920 – 1950 1950s – 2000 2000 – present he development of architectural styles in North Carolina leaders and merchants would seek to have their towns chosen as a courthouses and our nation’s public buildings in general county seat to increase the prosperity, commerce, and recognition, and Trefl ects the development of our culture and history. The trends would sometimes donate money or land to build the courthouse. in architecture refl ect trends in art and the statements those trends make about us as a people. -
Engineering the Coupling of Superconducting Qubits
Engineering the coupling of superconducting qubits Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der RWTH Aachen University zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von M. Sc. Alessandro Ciani aus Penne, Italien Berichter: Prof. Dr. David DiVincenzo Prof. Dr. Fabian Hassler Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12 April 2019 Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Universitätsbibliothek verfügbar. ii «Considerate la vostra semenza: fatti non foste a viver come bruti, ma per seguir virtute e conoscenza.» Dante Alighieri, "La Divina Commedia", Inferno, Canto XXVI, vv. 118-120. iii Abstract The way to build a scalable and reliable quantum computer that truly exploits the quantum power faces several challenges. Among the various proposals for building a quantum computer, superconducting qubits have rapidly progressed and hold good promises in the near-term future. In particular, the possibility to design the required interactions is one of the most appealing features of this kind of architecture. This thesis deals with some detailed aspects of this problem focusing on architectures based on superconducting transmon-like qubits. After reviewing the basic tools needed for the study of superconducting circuits and the main kinds of superconducting qubits, we move to the analyisis of a possible scheme for realizing direct parity measurement. Parity measurements, or in general stabilizer measurements, are fundamental tools for realizing quantum error correct- ing codes, that are believed to be fundamental for dealing with the problem of de- coherence that affects any physical implementation of a quantum computer. While these measurements are usually done indirectly with the help of ancilla qubits, the scheme that we analyze performs the measurement directly, and requires the engi- neering of a precise matching condition. -
PRESERVATION DESIGN GUIDELINES HISTORICAL and ARCHITECTURAL SITES COMMISSION Preservation Design Guidelines for Decatur Historic Districts and Landmarks
CITY OF DECATUR Historical and Architectural Sites Commission PRESERVATION DESIGN GUIDELINES HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL SITES COMMISSION Preservation Design Guidelines for Decatur Historic Districts and Landmarks Prepared by City of Decatur Neighborhood Services Department One Gary K. Anderson Plaza Decatur, Illinois 62523-1196 Phone 217.424.2793 Published by Historical and Architectural Sites Commission 2008 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION Applying for a Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) ......................................................... 2 Approval Process ................................................................................................................. 3 How to use the Historic District Program Manual and Guidelines ...................................... 4 The Secretary of the Interior ................................................................................................ 5 Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation .................................................... 5 CHAPTER 2 - NEIGHBORHOODS & ARCHITECTURE Residential Structures ........................................................................................................... 7 Architectural Styles of Decatur’s Residences ...................................................................... 8 Non-Contributing Structures .............................................................................................. 10 CHAPTER 3 - NEIGHBORHOOD SETTING Trees and Landscaping ...................................................................................................... -
Administration of Donald J. Trump, 2020 Executive Order 13967
Administration of Donald J. Trump, 2020 Executive Order 13967—Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture December 18, 2020 By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Purpose. Societies have long recognized the importance of beautiful public architecture. Ancient Greek and Roman public buildings were designed to be sturdy and useful, and also to beautify public spaces and inspire civic pride. Throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, public architecture continued to serve these purposes. The 1309 constitution of the City of Siena required that "[w]hoever rules the City must have the beauty of the City as his foremost preoccupation . because it must provide pride, honor, wealth, and growth to the Sienese citizens, as well as pleasure and happiness to visitors from abroad." Three centuries later, the great British Architect Sir Christopher Wren declared that "public buildings [are] the ornament of a country. [Architecture] establishes a Nation, draws people and commerce, makes the people love their native country . Architecture aims at eternity[.]" Notable Founding Fathers agreed with these assessments and attached great importance to Federal civic architecture. They wanted America's public buildings to inspire the American people and encourage civic virtue. President George Washington and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson consciously modeled the most important buildings in Washington, D.C., on the classical architecture of ancient Athens and Rome. They sought to use classical architecture to visually connect our contemporary Republic with the antecedents of democracy in classical antiquity, reminding citizens not only of their rights but also their responsibilities in maintaining and perpetuating its institutions. -
Barry Mackintosh Park History Program National Park Service
GEORGE WASHINGTON MEMORIAL PARKWAY ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY Barry Mackintosh Park History Program National Park Service Department of the Interior Washington, DC 1996 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 1 I. THE MOUNT VERNON MEMORIAL HIGHWAY • • • 7 II. THE CAPPER-CRAMTON ACT 21 III. EXPANDING THE PARKWAY, 1931-1952 • 33 IV. EXPANDING THE PARKWAY, 1952-1970 57 V. THE UNFINISHED PARKWAY. 87 VI. ARLINGTON HOUSE .•• . • 117 VII. THEODORE ROOSEVELT ISLAND . • 133 VIII. OTHER ADDITIONS AND SUBTRACTIONS • . • • . 147 Fort Hunt •.. • • . • • . • • . 147 Jones Point . • • . • • . • . • • . • • . • • • . 150 Dyke Marsh and Daingerfield Island . • • • . • • . • 153 Arlington Memorial Bridge, Memorial Drive, and Columbia Island • . • • • • • • . • • • • . • . • 164 The Nevius Tract • • . • . • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • 176 Merrywood and the Riverfront Above Chain Bridge • • • . 184 Fort Marcy . • • • • . • • • • . • • . • • • . 187 The Langley Tract and Turkey Run Farm • • • • . • • • 188 Glen Echo Park and Clara Barton National Historic site • 190 GWMP Loses Ground • • • . • • • • .. • . • • . • • • 197 INTRODUCTION The George Washington Memorial Parkway is among the most complex and unusual units of the national park system. The GWMP encompasses some 7,428 acres in Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia. For reasons that will later be explained, a small part of this acreage is not administered by its superintendent, and a greater amount of land formerly within GWMP now lies within another national park unit. Some of the GWMP acreage the superintendent administers is commonly known by other names, like Great Falls Park in Virginia and Glen Echo Park in Maryland. While most national park units may be characterized as predominantly natural, historical, or recreational, GWMP comprises such a diverse array of natural, historic, and recreational resources that it defies any such categorization. Further complicating matters, GWMP's superintendent also administers four other areas classed as discrete national park units-Arlington House, The Robert E. -
Hillcrest: the History and Architectural Heritage of Little Rock's Streetcar Suburb
Hillcrest: The History and Architectural Heritage of Little Rock's Streetcar Suburb By Cheryl Griffith Nichols and Sandra Taylor Smith Butterworth House Hillcrest Historic District Little Rock, Arkansas Published by the Arkansas Historic Preservation Program 1500 Tower Building, 323 Center Street, Little Rock, AR 72201 (501) 324-9880 An agency of the Department of Arkansas Heritage 1 Hillcrest: The History and Architectural Heritage of Little Rock's Streetcar Suburb A Historic Context Written and Researched By Cheryl Griffith Nichols and Sandra Taylor Smith Cover illustration by Cynthia Haas This volume is one of a series developed by the Arkansas Historic Preservation Program for the identification and registration of the state's cultural resources. For more information, write the AHPP at 1500 Tower Building, 323 Center Street, Little Rock, AR 72201, call (501) 324-9880 [TDD 501-324-9811], or send e-mail to [email protected] The Arkansas Historic Preservation Program is the agency of the Department of Arkansas Heritage responsible for the identification, evaluation, registration and preservation of the state's cultural resources. Other agencies in the department are the Arkansas Arts Council, the Delta Cultural Center, the Old State House Museum, Historic Arkansas Museum, the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, and the Mosaic Templars Cultural Center. 2 Contents Hillcrest Significance ............................................................................................ 5 Origins of Pulaski Heights ........................................................................... -
Walker's Point Strategic Action Plan MILWAUKEE
MILWAUKEE comprehensive Department of City Development Plan • June, 2015 Walker’s Point Strategic Action Plan A Plan for the Area ii Acknowledgments Neighborhood Associations and Continuum Architects + Planners Interest Groups Ursula Twombly, AIA, LEED AP Arts@Large Walker’s Point Association GRAEF The Mandel Group Greater Milwaukee Committee Larry Witzling, Principal The Harbor District Initiative Craig Huebner, Planner/Urban Designer 12th District Alderman Jose Perez University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee Urban Development Studio City of Milwaukee Department of City Development Carolyn Esswein, AICP, CNU-A, Faculty Member in Charge Rocky Marcoux, Commissioner Vanessa Koster, Planning Manager Sam Leichtling, Long Range Planning Manager Mike Maierle, former Long Range Planning Manager Greg Patin, Strategic Planning Manager Dan Casanova, Economic Development Specialist Janet Grau, Plan Project Manager Nolan Zaroff, Senior Planner GIS, Eco- nomic Development Jeff Poellmann, Planning Intern (Urban Design) Andrew Falkenburg, Planning Intern (GIS/Mapping, Editing) City of Milwaukee Redevelopment Authority David Misky, Assistant Executive Director - Secretary Department of Public Works Mike Loughran, Special Projects Manager Walker’s Point Kristin Bennett, Bicycle Coordinator Strategic Action Plan Historic Preservation Carlen Hatala, Historic Preservation Principal Researcher iii Plan Advisory Group Sean Kiebzak, Arts@Large Juli Kaufmann, Fix Development Dan Adams, Harbor District Initiative Joe Klein, HKS/Junior House Dean Amhaus, Milwaukee Water Council Anthony A. LaCroix Nick & JoAnne Anton, La Perla Scott Luber, Independence First Samer Asad, Envy Nightclub Barry Mandel, The Mandel Group Luis “Tony” Baez, El Centro Hispano Megan & Tyler Mason, Wayward Kitchen Tricia M. Beckwith, Wangard Partners Robert Monnat, The Mandel Group Kristin Bennett, Bike Ped Coordinator Cristina Morales Brigette Breitenbach, Company B Lorna Mueller, The Realty Company, LLC Mike Brenner, Brenner Brewing Co. -
UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Irvine UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Making Popular and Solidarity Economies in Dollarized Ecuador: Money, Law, and the Social After Neoliberalism Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3xx5n43g Author Nelms, Taylor Campbell Nahikian Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Making Popular and Solidarity Economies in Dollarized Ecuador: Money, Law, and the Social After Neoliberalism DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Anthropology by Taylor Campbell Nahikian Nelms Dissertation Committee: Professor Bill Maurer, Chair Associate Professor Julia Elyachar Professor George Marcus 2015 Portion of Chapter 1 © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All other materials © 2015 Taylor Campbell Nahikian Nelms TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv CURRICULUM VITAE vii ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION xi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: “The Problem of Delimitation”: Expertise, Bureaucracy, and the Popular 51 and Solidarity Economy in Theory and Practice CHAPTER 2: Saving Sucres: Money and Memory in Post-Neoliberal Ecuador 91 CHAPTER 3: Dollarization, Denomination, and Difference 139 INTERLUDE: On Trust 176 CHAPTER 4: Trust in the Social 180 CHAPTER 5: Law, Labor, and Exhaustion 216 CHAPTER 6: Negotiable Instruments and the Aesthetics of Debt 256 CHAPTER 7: Interest and Infrastructure 300 WORKS CITED 354 ii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1 Field Sites and Methods 49 Figure 2 Breakdown of Interviewees 50 Figure 3 State Institutions of the Popular and Solidarity Economy in Ecuador 90 Figure 4 A Brief Summary of Four Cajas (and an Association), as of January 2012 215 Figure 5 An Emic Taxonomy of Debt Relations (Bárbara’s Portfolio) 299 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Every anthropologist seems to have a story like this one. -
Toronto Arch.CDR
The Architectural Fashion of Toronto Residential Neighbourhoods Compiled By: RASEK ARCHITECTS LTD RASE K a r c h i t e c t s www.rasekarchitects.com f in 02 | The Architectural Fashion of Toronto Residential Neighbourhoods RASEK ARCHITECTS LTD Introduction Toronto Architectural Styles The majority of styled houses in the United States and Canada are The architecture of residential houses in Toronto is mainly influenced by its history and its culture. modeled on one of four principal architectural traditions: Ancient Classical, Renaissance Classical, Medieval or Modern. The majority of Toronto's older buildings are loosely modeled on architectural traditions of the British Empire, such as Georgian, Victorian, and Edwardian architecture. Toronto was traditionally a peripheral city in the The earliest, the Ancient Classical Tradition, is based upon the monuments architectural world, embracing styles and ideas developed in Europe and the United States with only limited of early Greece and Rome. local variation. A few unique styles of architecture have emerged in Toronto, such as the bay and gable style house and the Annex style house. The closely related Renaissance Classical Tradition stems from a revival of interest in classicism during the Renaissance, which began in Italy in the The late nineteenth century Torontonians embraced Victorian architecture and all of its diverse revival styles. 15th century. The two classical traditions, Ancient and Renaissance, share Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901), called the Victorian era, during which period the many of the same architectural details. styles known as Victorian were used in construction. The styles often included interpretations and eclectic revivals of historic styles mixed with the introduction of Middle Eastern and Asian influences. -
Under the Arch
Summer, 1982 Hours of operation A free publication to May 29-September 6 provide information Visitor Center, 8:00 a.m. under about the Jefferson to 10:00 p.m. National Expansion Tram Ride, 8:30 a.m. to Memorial 9:30p.m. the Museum of Westward Expansion, 8:00 a.m. to 1arc h 10:00 p.m. Inside this GATEWAY ARCH: issue How long does it take to ride to the top? Where do I A Monument purchase tickets? These and other often asked questions are answered in "Riding to For Our Time the Top." The Museum of Westward Expansion recreates one of the country's most colorful eras. The next page provides a map of the museum and two articles that explain how to view it. See It Today May 29-September 6: Monument to the Dream, a 30-minute film, documents the construction of the Gateway Arch. Shows begin at 8:15 a.m., 9:15 a.m., 10:45 a.m., 12:15 p.m., 1:45 p.m., 2:30 p.m., 3:15 p.m., 4:45 •i p.m., 6:15 p.m., 7:45 p.m. and 8:45 p.m. in Tucker Theater adja i cent to the Gateway Arch lobby. Charles M. Russell: American Artist, a 20-minute film, interprets i the life and significance of a well- known artist of the West. Shows s begin at 10:00 a.m., 11:30 a.m., •2 1:00 p.m., 4:00 p.m., 5:30 p.m. CO and 7:00 p.m. -
1 Dataset Illustration
1 Dataset Illustration The images are crawled from Wikimedia. Here we summary the names, index- ing pages and typical images for the 66-class architectural style dataset. Table 1: Summarization of the architectural style dataset. Url stands for the indexing page on Wikimedia. Name Typical images Achaemenid architecture American Foursquare architecture American craftsman style Ancient Egyptian architecture Art Deco architecture Art Nouveau architecture Baroque architecture Bauhaus architecture 1 Name Typical images Beaux-Arts architecture Byzantine architecture Chicago school architecture Colonial architecture Deconstructivism Edwardian architecture Georgian architecture Gothic architecture Greek Revival architecture International style Novelty 2 architecture Name Typical images Palladian architecture Postmodern architecture Queen Anne architecture Romanesque architecture Russian Revival architecture Tudor Revival architecture 2 Task Description 1. 10-class dataset. The ten datasets used in the classification tasks are American craftsman style, Baroque architecture, Chicago school architecture, Colonial architecture, Georgian architecture, Gothic architecture, Greek Revival architecture, Queen Anne architecture, Romanesque architecture and Russian Revival architecture. These styles have lower intra-class vari- ance and the images are mainly captured in frontal view. 2. 25-class dataset. Except for the ten datasets listed above, the other fifteen styles are Achaemenid architecture, American Foursquare architecture, Ancient Egyptian architecture, -
Mid-Century Modern Architecture of Norwich
COVID-19 Response Following guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and state and local public health authorities, park operations continue to adapt to changing conditions while maintaining public access, particularly outdoor spaces. Before visiting a park, please check the park website to determine its operating status. Updates about the overall NPS response to COVID-19, including safety information, are posted on www.nps.gov/coronavirus. Please recreate responsibly. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Weekly List 20200925 KEY: State, County, Property Name, Address/Boundary, City, Vicinity, Reference Number, NHL, Action, Date, Multiple Name ALASKA, MATANUSKA-SUSITNA BOROUGH, Wasilla Depot, Parks Hwy. and Knik Rd., Wasilla, MV77000218, PROPOSED MOVE APPROVED, 9/21/2020 ARKANSAS, WASHINGTON COUNTY, Woolsey Farmstead Cemetery, 535 South Broyles Rd., Fayetteville, SG100005595, LISTED, 9/21/2020 CONNECTICUT, NEW HAVEN COUNTY, Pinto, William, House, 275 Orange St., New Haven, MV85002316, PROPOSED MOVE APPROVED, 9/21/2020 IOWA, BENTON COUNTY, Preston’s Station Historic District, 402 4th Ave., Belle Plaine, SG100005572, LISTED, 9/21/2020 IOWA, GRUNDY COUNTY, Grundy Center High School, 1001 8th St., Grundy Center, SG100005565, LISTED, 9/18/2020 IOWA, MUSCATINE COUNTY, Ijem Avenue Commercial Historic District, Ijem Ave. between Railroad St. and Main St., Nichols, SG100005566, LISTED, 9/18/2020 IOWA, POLK COUNTY, Acadian Manor Historic District, 2801- 2815 Grand Ave., Des Moines, SG100005567, LISTED, 9/18/2020 IOWA, POLK COUNTY, Argonne Building, 1723 Grand Ave. (1723-1733 Grand Ave., plus 515 18th St.), Des Moines, SG100005608, LISTED, 9/24/2020 IOWA, SCOTT COUNTY, Davenport Downtown Commercial Historic District, 2nd St.