Innovative Uses of Hydrogen in Steelmaking

Innovative uses of Hydrogen in Steelmaking

JAYSON RIPKE, PH.D. MIDREX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. FOR PRESENTATION AT: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY’S H2@SCALE WORKSHOP MAY 23, 2017 UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON – HOUSTON, TX Outline

I. The 2 Routes to Steelmaking I. Blast Furnace -> Basic Oxygen Furnace (BF/BOF) II. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) I. Scrap II. Scrap Supplements I. Pig Iron, Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)

II. RD&D Needs for H2 Steelmaking I. Emerging Routes II. Existing Routes: BF or EAF Coal Lump Iron Ore Fine Iron Ore Scrap pellets sinter Natural Coke Gas H2? DR Next Slide Coke Oven

Coke ● fuel ● H ? ● reductant BF/BOF 2 850 °C EAF ● structure Blast Furnace Hot ‘air’ blast ● O2 Briquette ● Coke breeze Machine ● H2? CDRI HBI 600 °C 1500 °C Solid Pig Iron HDRI Liquid ‘Hot Metal’ Electricity O2 Scrap/HBI

BOF Option: 1 2 3

Steel DRI, HBI, & Pig U.S. Shifting from BF/BOF to EAF/DRI Steelmaking

BF/ EAF BOF

EAF

BF/ BOF DRI: Current & Projected Production Energy Efficiency & Emissions EAF/DRI vs. BF/BOF voestalpine’s MIDREX NG® DR plant: Corpus Christie, TX RD&D Needs for H2 Steelmaking Emerging Routes / Low CO2 Steelmaking

 Hybrit (LKAB and SSAB)  Steelanol (PRI, AM)  va PEM  recycle CO2 into bioethanol  FIT (Sohn) - AISI  Carbon2chem  ULCOS - Ultra-Low CO2  CDA Steelmaking – 45 Europe, 48  Salzgitter groups/15 countries; aim: 50%  China Steel CO2.  Baowu  HIsarna (Coal, sub bio or H2)  Course50  ULCORED (DR w/Pox)  POSCO (nr 2009)  ULCOWIN (electrolysis of FexOy)  MEFOS  CIRCORED (historical, not emerging) RD&D Needs for H2 in Steelmaking Existing Routes: BF or EAF

EAF BF/BOF

 H2 for iron ore pelletizing?  H2 for iron ore pelletizing?  S, Q, E, R, CAPEX/OPEX, equipment  Any Δ S, Q, E, R in BF/BOF vs. EAF?

 H2 replace/supplement R-NG(CO+H2)  Supplement coke by H2  DRI/HBI product Quality  Fuel, reductant, structure

 Physical: H2 embrittlement, CCS,  Steel Quality tumble, fines, sticking/cluster  Mass & Energy Balance  Metallurgical: reducibility, metallization, carbon  Flowsheet  Mass & Energy Balance  Energy Efficiency  Flowsheet  Production Rate  Energy Efficiency  CAPEX/OPEX  Production Rate  Equipment (embrittlement)  CAPEX/OPEX  Equipment (embrittlement)

S = Safety, Q = Quality, E = Efficiency, R = Rate (throughput) Thank You