Innovative uses of Hydrogen in Steelmaking JAYSON RIPKE, PH.D. MIDREX TECHNOLOGIES, INC. FOR PRESENTATION AT: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY’S H2@SCALE WORKSHOP MAY 23, 2017 UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON – HOUSTON, TX Outline I. The 2 Routes to Steelmaking I. Blast Furnace -> Basic Oxygen Furnace (BF/BOF) II. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) I. Scrap II. Scrap Supplements I. Pig Iron, Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) II. RD&D Needs for H2 Steelmaking I. Emerging Routes II. Existing Routes: BF or EAF Coal Lump Iron Ore Fine Iron Ore Scrap pellets sinter Natural Coke Gas H2? DR Next Slide Coke Oven Coke ● fuel ● H ? ● reductant BF/BOF 2 850 °C EAF ● structure Blast Furnace Hot ‘air’ blast ● O2 Briquette ● Coke breeze Machine ● H2? CDRI HBI 600 °C 1500 °C Solid Pig Iron HDRI Liquid ‘Hot Metal’ Electricity O2 Scrap/HBI BOF Option: 1 2 3 Steel DRI, HBI, & Pig U.S. Shifting from BF/BOF to EAF/DRI Steelmaking BF/ EAF BOF EAF BF/ BOF DRI: Current & Projected Production Energy Efficiency & Emissions EAF/DRI vs. BF/BOF voestalpine’s MIDREX NG® DR plant: Corpus Christie, TX RD&D Needs for H2 Steelmaking Emerging Routes / Low CO2 Steelmaking Hybrit (LKAB and SSAB) Steelanol (PRI, AM) va PEM recycle CO2 into bioethanol FIT (Sohn) - AISI Carbon2chem ULCOS - Ultra-Low CO2 CDA Steelmaking – 45 Europe, 48 Salzgitter groups/15 countries; aim: 50% China Steel CO2. Baowu HIsarna (Coal, sub bio or H2) Course50 ULCORED (DR w/Pox) POSCO (nr 2009) ULCOWIN (electrolysis of FexOy) MEFOS CIRCORED (historical, not emerging) RD&D Needs for H2 in Steelmaking Existing Routes: BF or EAF EAF BF/BOF H2 for iron ore pelletizing? H2 for iron ore pelletizing? S, Q, E, R, CAPEX/OPEX, equipment Any Δ S, Q, E, R in BF/BOF vs. EAF? H2 replace/supplement R-NG(CO+H2) Supplement coke by H2 DRI/HBI product Quality Fuel, reductant, structure Physical: H2 embrittlement, CCS, Steel Quality tumble, fines, sticking/cluster Mass & Energy Balance Metallurgical: reducibility, metallization, carbon Flowsheet Mass & Energy Balance Energy Efficiency Flowsheet Production Rate Energy Efficiency CAPEX/OPEX Production Rate Equipment (embrittlement) CAPEX/OPEX Equipment (embrittlement) S = Safety, Q = Quality, E = Efficiency, R = Rate (throughput) Thank You.