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E / A PENTON PUBLICATION ilig DECEMBER 1991

TECHNOLOGY PERSPECTIVES FOR GLOBAL ELECTRONICS MANAGEMENT

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PROD. NO. SCENE TAKE ROLL 3 ura---. i4 d 4-tfetVe ?ron'lo Lights. Camera. Action. and built-in test signals. The TMC22090 even The monolithic Video Encoder is gives you aJTAG interface for low cost pro- here. Created by TRW, the film and duction testing. So for everything from simply production industry's leading sup- providing an affordable video output for com- plier of high-performance ICs. And puter display boards, to the only company ever to be developing complex awarded an Emmy for its video desktop video work- 1988-1989 Emmy Award IC technology. stations, you can design Now, TRW brings you the first in its in confidence. With new line of affordable multimedia ICs for desk- the video encoder from top video: The TMC22090. the leader in video And that means converting RGB, YUV ICs: TRW. or color-indexed computer images and graph- And you can ics into studio-quality NTSC, PAL or S-Video count on TRW to keep you at the forefront

signals can now be done with asingle, low-cost of multimedia, too. t This Video Encoder, after chip. One fabricated in TRW's Omicron-CTM all, is just our debut. We've got some aos.' 1µ CMOS process. Packaged in an 84 lead great ev ,„fpo sequels in development. PLCC. And, of course, designed with the full- For data sheets, applications and spec performance that is synonymous with other information on TRW's TMC22090 TRW standards. Video Encoder, as well as to be first in line The TMC22090 ,e for coming attractions, call or write today: boasts a256x8x3 cs" color lookup pe" table, a pixel TRW LSI Products Inc., \e, % P.O. Box 2472 La Jolla, CA 92038 mask register (619) 457-10001 FAX (619) 455-6314 and compatibility Ià111 imam (800) TRWLSIP (800) 879-5747 11.1r.v ...... szeultpui with 171 and 176 RAMDACs. All of which means transparent interface with exis- 11113IIMIbM ting device drivers. Better still, the high performance Holly- If leg'', wood has come to rely on is provided by 4:4:4 digital encoding, oversampled 10-bit outputs, TRW LSI Products Inc.

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CIRCLE 203 Good Sines & Electronics IDHOR Bad Signs Jonah McLeod .1LLNAGLNG ED/ I/ Looking for alow-noise, fast-switching signal source? Howard Wolff SENIOR EDITOR Good Sines 11APJ\ Lawrence Curran Whether it's automatic test equipment, satellite uplinks, EDDOR-A7 1-121RGE Samuel Weber EW communications or imaging systems, Programmed 914-428-3595 Test Sources has a frequency synthesizer to fit your ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITOR needs GE MAI units, Teradyne Testers, Varian Spec- Jacqueline Damian DEPARTMENT EDITORS trometers all use PTS synthesizers Communications: Jack Shandle Bad Signs $$ $ 201-393-6228 And while other manufacturers have big dollar signs, PTS System Technology: synthesizers start as low as S2 010 (San Jose) Jonah McLeod 408-441-0550 PTS manufactures a complete line of precision synthes- EDITORIAL PRODUC770N MANAGER April Messina izers covering the 100 KHz to 1 GHz frequency range with ASSOCT I11: IR/DIRECTOR switching times as fast as 1µ second for our direct digital Tony Vitolo models And plenty of other options as well, like resolution ST'A .I,"/7S7'/DESIGNER Anthony White down to .1 hertz (millihertz available as special order),

GPIB and digital phase rotation III la .11S Boston.- Lawrence Curran, Manager Just as important along with every PTS synthesizer 508-441-1113 comes our absolutely everything covered" 2-year Midwest Correspondent: Francis J. Lavoie warranty. At the end of two years comes our flat 5350* Mid-Atlantic: Jack Shandle, Manager 201-393-6228 service charge for any repair up to the year 2001 1 PTS has Frankfurt: John Gosch, Manager acommitment to quality you won't find anywhere else. 011-49-61-71-53834 France Correspondent Andrew Rosenbaum Find out how PTS synthesizers used the world over can 011 -331 -4236 -1867 help you in your application today . Call for our complete Italy Couespondent: Andrew Rosenbaum 011-331-4236-1867 catalog, or to talk to an applications engineer. Japan- Shin Kusunoki, Consultant, S500.00 for PTS 1000 Nomura Research Institute 011-81-45-336-7064 Call (508) 486-3008 Fax (508) 486-4495 UK Correspondent: Peter Fletcher 011 -443-226 -64355 Electronics Index Mark Parr

VICE PRESIDENT-EDITORIAL Perry Pascarella PROGRAMMED TEST SOURCES, Inc GROUP ART DIRECTOR 9Beaver Brook Road. P.O. Box 517, Littleton, MA 01460 Peter Jeziorski EDITORIAL ADMINISTRATION Bradie S. Guerrero, Tina A. Montone

Director of Circulation: Bruce Sprague Manager of Circulation Bob Clark eeeekeez Production Manager Doris Carter (201) 393-6259 FAX: (201) 393-0410 Order Entn. Beverly Desbiens

PL/EL/SI/FR John G. French 617-890-0891 CIRCLE 209

December 1991 Volume 64, Number 12 Electronics (ISSN 0883-4989) is published monthly by Penton Publishing, Inc., 1100 Superior Ave., Cleveland. OH 44114-2543. Second class If mailing label is not available print your old postage paid at Cleveland. OH, and additional mailing offices. company name and address in this box. Editorial and advertising addresses: Electronics, 611 Route 946 West, Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604. Telephone (201) 393-6060. Facsimile (201) 393-0204. San Jose, Calif.: Telephone (408) 441-0550. Circulation (1100 Superior Ave., Cleveland, OH 44114-2543): (216) 696-7000. Please allow Title registered in US Patent Office. Printed in U.S.A. Copyright 01991 by Penton Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this publi- 6 weeks for cation may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the consent of change to the copyright owner. Pernfission is granted to users registered with the Copyright Clearance take effect Center Inc. (CCC) to photocopy any article, with the exception of those for which separate copyright ownership is indicated on the first page of the article, for abase fee of $1 per copy of the article plus 50e per page paid 2. Print your New business address here. directly to the CCC, 27 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970. (Code No. 0883-4989/90 $1.00 -1- .50) Can. GST 89126431964. NAME TITLE Microfilm of issues or articles can be ordered from University Micro- films, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48103. Telephone: (313) 761-4700. COMPANY Subscriptions free to qualified managers. All others: $60 for one year in the U.S.; $70 in Canada; $136 in all other countries. For sub- ADDRESS scriber change of address and subscription inquiries, call 216- 696-7000. CITY STATE ZIP POSTMASTER: Please send change of address to ELECTRONICS, ['union Publishing, Inc., 1100 Superior Ave., Cleveland, OH 44114-2543.

ELECTRONICS •DECENIBER 1991 2 Limited Only By Your Imagination

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23 Frontage Road Andover, MA 01810 TEL: (508) 470-2900 FAX: (508) 475-6715 CIRCLE 205 UP FRONT ENTER, STAGE LEFT: ANEW PC fthere is aquotation that suits the Comdex computer show held last month in Las Vegas, it is the fa- miliar line from Shakespeare's King Richard HI "Now is the winter of our discontent...." Nothing Icould more succinctly sum up the state of the personal computer industry today. The near-term M strategy for most companies is to simply survive the big chill, says Stacy Lund, marketing manager at Seagate Technology in Scotts Valley, CAC Companies are trying to anticipate the next hot segment and looking for relief from the cold reality of the recession. Almost all the industry suppliers are betting that the notebook and subnotebook PC is the next major wave. But Al Shugart, president, CEO, and COO of Seagate, is skeptical about this as.sessment. The rapidity with which notebooks have advanced to higher-capacity disk drives suggests to him that most notebook customers are PC owners who want aportable version of their desktop system. The question is whether there are enough of these buyers to provide sustained market growth for more than afew quarters. Just as living creatures go through metamorphosis, so too the PC business. The large installed base of computers is essentially serving alimited number of point solutions: spreadsheets, data bases, and word processing applications. Beyond the winter of its discontent, the industry belongs to anew breed of computing engine. One candidate for this new, transforming machine is the pen-based system. For the first time, it invites the user who has not been touched by the computer revolution to partake. Users will interact with pen-based PCs via apen rather than akeyboard, and this simplicity means pen- based PCs will undoubtedly find their way into awide variety of white- and blue-collar applications that are not well served by today's machines. One company leading the way into pen-based computing is Go Corp. of Foster City, Cnlif. Unlike the desktop generation, pen-based systems will lead users by the hand, providing them with atable of contents from which to choose an appropriate application, says Atri Chatterjee, Go's product marketing manager. Physically, the computer will resemble anotebook on which the user can, for example, create ahand-drawn sketch and then ask the machine to enhance it. For text, the user can enter data in block let- ters or script, and preserve the actual image as well as have it converted into alphanumeric text. The pen-based PC will also serve as the user's appointment calendar, telephone, and fax machine. User-friendly, object-oriented operating systems will be standard. But perhaps its biggest lure is that the user will be able to operate the pen-based computer intuitively—it bears acloser resemblance to pencil and paper than it does to adesktop PC. There is no need to learn to use amouse, much less master the arcane commands that are now needed to interact with aDOS machine. In the new computing paradigm, the computer acts like aperson and not the other way around. Of all the seasons, winter demands the most resilien- t cy to survive its harsh extremes. For the PC industry, \,..k the companies that survive will be those willing to adapt to anew computing paradigm. Those less willing or able to do so will not. 0 eice95

JONAH McLEOD EDITOR

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 4 MEGABIT MEMORIES As Big As Your Imagination

What size do you want your production and shipping. of CMOS SRAM in a32-pin We have all the tools you next memory package or Another was for a128-Megabit DIP with real JEDEC pinouts need. From tiny building system to be? Very large? Flash PROM in the same and footprint. Up or down. blocks of 1- to 4-Megabits of Larger than that, and more package. It's designed, in test, when you need high density, SRAM or EEPROM DIPs to complex? We can make your and almost out the door. high speed, high temperature, the densities of your ultimate imagination and your design and someone's high involve- imagination. Want a80C31- happen. We've been doing We can go from 64- and 128- ment in your designs, give based Microcontroller, ac that for engineers for almost Megabits up to the Gigabit us acall. We're certified to pact 68020- or 486-base 20 years. range, and beyond. Or, we can MIL-STD-1772, and can offer single-package computer, o give you asimple 4-Megabits screening to Military standards. multi-package memory man- One of our latest design agement information system? requests was for alow power, We have the technology and 3.0" x3.5" 64-Megabit CMOS the expertise to respond. SRAM with a —55°C to Your imagination or ours, +125°C temperature range, we'll make it happen. and user-configurable as 8-Meg x8, 4-Meg x16, or 2-Meg x32. It's now in DECEMBER 1991 VOLUME 64, NO. 12

Electronics FEATURES 39 Executive Briefing: Out with the old? Quick-stepping companies are challenging the stalwarts in the lucrative market for automotive electronics.

PAGE 48 48 Coming in 1993: Europe's Community Patent Just one application will open the way to apatent that's valid throughout the Single Market.

PAGE 42 42 COVER: THE GREENING OF THE INDUSTRY What's good for the environment can be good for business, too Surprise! Environmentalism pays off in better manufacturing, more efficient PAGE 37 processes, and cost savings.

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 6 DEPARTMENTS Companies covered in this issue, indexed to the first page of the article 4 Up Front in which each is mentioned. 12 Letter from Singapore 3M Co 42 Motorola Inc. 30, 32, 39

53 Information Center Aberdeen Group 27 National Wildlife Federation

AEG AG 39 Corporate Conservation 58 Advertisers' Index Apple Computer Council 42

59 Electronics Index Inc. 12, 18, 32, 42 NCR Corp. 18

60 The Last Word Asia Pacific Strategic NCR Microelectronics 22 Bioventures 12 NEC Corp. 32B*

NEWS ROUNDUP WORLDWIDE NEWS AT&T Microelectronics 22 Network Computing Devices 32

AVX Corp. 39 Object Design Inc 18 18 27 BIS Strategic Decisions 39 Object Management Group 18 News Front Computers Psion plc 3213* •Object bus: "the end of A blitz of VAX models Business Environment Risk the beginning" of and aspeedy new Intelligence 12 Santa Clara County object-oriented microprocessor deliver a Cadence Design Systems Manufacturing Group 42 programming message: DEC is •It's back to court in competing on price Inc 22 Siemens AG 37, 48 LCD tariff fray 30 Cirrus Logic Inc. 22 Siemens Industrial Automation 'IBM-Intel chip deal sends competitors Testing Compaq Computer Corp 18 Inc. 37 The silent advantage is scurrying D. Blech & Co. 12 Silicon Systems Inc 39 boundary-scan testing of 22 board-level products— Daewoo International 39 Siliconix Inc. 39 Products to Watch and the customers Digital Equipment Corp.....18, 27 Singapore Economic •Xilinx makes FPGA demand it Freedonia Group 39 Development Board 12 design asnap... 32 •...and AT&T leads Freiberger Elektronik Sumitomo Electric 12 Operating Systems FPGAs to gate arrays Werkstoffe GmbH 37 Sun Microsystems Inc 27 •NCR chip set With no sea change in 18 implements Ethernet sight, Unix is swimming Gander Resources 27 SunSoft Inc along into the network management Go Corp. 4 TDK 39 *Cadence enhances its mainstream Hewlett-Packard Tektronix Inc. 42 Dracula verification tool 'Cirrus Logic chip does Co. 18, 32, 42, 48 Texas Instruments COMMENTARY data, fax, voice Human Designed Systems 32 Inc. 30, 37, 42

37 54 HyperDesk Corp 18 Thinking Machines Corp 27

European Observer Tom Campbell Speaks Out IBM Corp. 18, 27, 32 Thomson SA 12 •Less cash, higher Capital formation, not Industry Cooperative for United Technologies profile for Jessi industrial policy, is the *Europe regains key to U.S. high-tech Ozone Layer Protection 42 Corp 39

autonomy in GaAs competitiveness Intel Corp 18, 30, 3213', 42 Visual Technology Inc 32 'Siemens to expand in the U.S. with Interactive Development VLSI Technology Inc. 39 automation gear Environments 32 Wacker Chemitronic

Intermetall GmbH 48 GmbH 37

Lotus Development Corp 12 Waste Reduction Institute 42

Maxim Integrated Products Western Digital Corp 12

Jesse H. Neal Inc 3213' Xilinx Inc 22 Editorial Achievement Awards Minnesota Supercomputer 1956 Merit, 1965 First 1975 Merit, 1976 Merit Center 27 International only 1977 First, 1978 First 1988 Merit, 1990 Merit MIPS Computer Systems

Inc 27, 30

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 7 Board test development is arace

HP 3070 high-performance tests and fixtures can all be shared, board test systems can along with the knowledge it took help you win. to create them. Get ajump on board test The HP 3070 family's Concurrent development With the HP 3070 Test Environment also helps you family of board test products you develop high-performance digital can get afast start with asingle, and A,SIC tests faster. And finish compatible platform for design analog functional tests in less time prototype, manufacturing, and with the HP 3070 WU series. depot repair test. That compatibility saves you time. Because your against time.

e, 1991 Hewlett-Packard Co. TMMTD121/E Plus, since HP 3070 technology Ext. 2856, and we'll send a eliminates uncertainties by brochure that explains how the extending timing accuracy HP 3070 family of board test sys- through the fixture to the DUT, tems can help you win the race. you'll save days of programming time and develop reliable, There is abetter way. repeatable, transportable tests that much faster. So make sure you're in position to win the race against time, call 1-800-452-4844. Ask for

CIRCLE 217

Ensuring the quality ital, optical and other Life without the telephone would be that people like you measurement technol- unimaginable today. It is truly the pulse of depend on every day is ogies to support peak business and personal life. Anritsu's special area communications per- Now, as ISDN creates new possibilities, of expertise. formance. the need for Anritsu capabilities is greater From local pay- We also produce than ever. phones to international miniature relays, communications, we hybrid ICs and effi- cover every aspect to cient industrial auto- guarantee instant access with reliable connections. Whether it's high-speed data or the most intimate proposal. At thell eat ofC Dedicated to Preserving the Connections Between People

This is no small ac- mation equipment. complishment con- Anritsu has consis- sidering the increases tently pioneered new in speed, volume, me- standards in speed, pre- dia and services offered cision, and reliability. by today's networks. That's how Anritsu We meet each of support ensures clear, these challenges with reliable performance in the most advanced dig- any network.

Anritsu ANRITSU CORPORATION 10-27, MInam,azabu 5-chome, MInato ku. Tokyo 106. Japan Phone Tokyo 03-3446-1111, Telex J34372

CIRCLE 178 LETTER FROM SINGAPORE THE CITY-STATE, AMAGNET FOR MULTINATIONALS, HAS ANEW VISION REALIGNING THE TARGETS FOR THE '90S

BY KRISTA CONLEY Singapore talent pool is quite finite." manufacturing investment, have helped The government hopes to defuse the Singaporeans to expect ever higher hen you think robust econom- labor issue that threatens to constrain wages and an improved standard of liv- W ic growth, political stability, economic growth by encouraging the ing, which is eroding its cheap-labor ad- and averitable magnet for multination- growth of capital-intensive industries vantage. And unlike Taiwan and Hong als, the likely hot spot in Asia is Singa- rather than traditional labor-intensive Kong, whose economic growth de- pore, the city-state with amission. But production. But that may only change pends on spirited entrepreneurship, Sin- that mission is changing, as the prag- the nature of the problem, requiring gaporeans tend to enjoy the security of matic economic planners who have so many new types of skilled labor, rather working for foreign investors, and have carefully nurtured Singapore's growth in than reducing demand. Nevertheless, little desire to risk new ventures. the past confront new challenges. despite skill problems, the Singapore Still, the place is "well-suited to be Singapore had been governed for worker has been rated the most pro- the electronics center for all of Asia," decades by Prime Minister Lee Kuan ductive in the world for the 10th time by says one frequent traveler to Singapore, Yew, acharismatic leader who carefully the Washington-based Business Envi- Michael K. Hsu, president of Asia Pacif- nurtured its development into astrategic ronment Risk Intelligence. Switzerland ic Strategic Bioventures, adivision of D. operational node for multinational cor- was adose second, Japan third. Blech & Co. based in New York. "They porations. Yew decided to step down in In addition, multinationals, which ac- started early in the 1980s with the cre- 1990 and his successor, Goh Chok count for more than 90% of Singapore's ation of the National Computer Board," Tong, has his own vision, one he says. "That showed their demanding management of a neighbors, the U.S., and Eu- tight labor market, new educa- rope that Singapore was mak- tion priorities, emphasis on ing a commitment to being capital-intensive industries, No. 1in the region in telecom- and internationalization. munications, computer soft- But what is already there is ware, and hardware." impressive. In 1990, Singa- One firm that noticed is pore's trade reached $120 bil- Lotus Development Corp. The lion, and per capita income Cambridge, Mass., software $12,785—this for 2.7 million giant weighed the possibilities people living and working in and picked Singapore as its just 250 square miles. And un- Asia-Pacific headquarters. employment is not aproblem, Quite possibly the largest soft- dipping to arecord low rate of ware R&D project in Singa- just 1.7% in 1990. pore, situated on a 5,000- Yet parts of the machine square-meter site in Chai Chee need work. There is achronic Industrial Park, the Lotus facil- shortage of trained technical ity is dedicated to product talent, and although the gov- R&D, manufacturing and dis- ernment allocates 20% of its tribution, and sales and ser- budget to education, skill lev- vice. The way Lotus's presi- els don't seem to match the dent and CEO, Jirn Manzi, sees needs of the next phase of in- it, 'We do believe strongly that dustrial development. Accord- local language products ing to Jonathan Yuen, director should have 'native personali- of the New York office of the ty,' which can only be sup- Singapore Economic Develop- plied by people who really ment Board, "We are also in- understand local business terested in overseas talent in needs and local culture. In this the fields of research, science, respect Singapore will be the engineering, and computer fulcrum of our Asian product science because there is al- development activities." ways ademand for these skills Some 2.7 million people with a per capita income Manzi says the $4.3 million in Singapore. Unfortunately, the averaging $12,785 live in 250 square miles. plant came on-line as aresult of

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 12 We make it stick.

When quality depends on calibration, depend on HP.

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CIRCLE 180 Putting Microwave Technology to Work for You

RF/MICROWAVE COMPONENTS ACROSS THE COMMUNICATIONS SPECTRUM

Semiconductors to ship. We offer both Si and GaAs •Active and passive mixers engineer makes the design-in Supercomponents based products providing the •DRO, VCO, and YIG tuned process fast, reliable, confident, best performance/price choice oscillators When it comes to high perform- and affordable. for any high-frequency design. •Limiters ance, high volume, and high Discreet devices, ICs, hybrids, or The Largest frequency, no one matches •Attenuators system subassemblies, Avantek RF/Microwave Avantek. For over 25 years, we've •Switches has the broadest line of standard been the leader in developing •Frequency converters Component components—literally thousands •Multiplexers new levels of circuit performance Distribution Network —for kilohertz to Gigahertz ap- for communications systems With over 20 major stocking plications, and lightwave com- across the spectrum. Avantek locations, and aworldwide trans- ponents too. We Can Help Today provides cost effective solutions shipment operation, Avantek Your local Avantek sales engi- for the most particular design •Surface-mount plastic delivers millions of parts every neer is an engineer, trained and requirements. Our product line integrated circuits month. We meet the demands of experienced in critical RF/micro- is continuously growing both in the most demanding JIT pro- •Low-noise amplifiers wave design-in situations and process and application leader- •High-power amplifiers gram, or supply acritical single uniquely qualified to support prototype with the same match- you. Ready to provide design Cordless less service and support. Call us Phones literature, CAD modeling soft- Spread today to hear how we can ware, or prototype samples. Spectrum support your great designs. Cellular Backed by application engineer- SAT/GPS ing teams, your Avantek sales Call 1-800-AVANTEK Terrestnal Microwave Mobile/ Aero Corn .01 0.1 1.0 10 100 GHz OAVANTEK

CIRCLE 187 NO WAITING 1.--the government's pro- able operating in gressive attitude to- gapore. Their cumula- AVANTEK DELIVERS ward information HERE ARE tive investment is $9 TODAY technology develop- billion, and they ac- ment, excellent com- TLOTS OF counted for 48% of in- munications infrastruc- vestment dollars com- ture, and the skilled mitted in 1990 alone. work force. According INCENTIVES The cost of doing ,....,----. (e to Hsu, Lotus made a business in Singapore _ good choice: "Singa- AND ASTRONG is high, but the potential return in specific pore is agreat place for i=z5 „gillse--c.,.....„4e -entki:_...... ,...--- 1"-406,-...- '' 43e- a research and devel- SUPPORT target areas could be opment center," he worth it. The govern- says. "There are lots of ment's planners are • . * e• . '1., le- . - --. 0 ,40 lb 0 ,111) Au> '0 L_--• , e incentives, infrastruc- STRUCTURE IN now aiming at the in- ture support, strong na- formation technology, A 11# Ot fil is pli , meort ix le. tional company base, SINGAPORE biotechnology, and automation industries. and large multination- :;----7;_-f---_.±4.÷--.1;4;7;;1-11--77+ ie1:317±-1:: als base for support." To support the in- Another multina- formation technology tilip . :.-- tional, Apple Comput- sector, the need is er Inc., has been operating in Singapore computers, peripherals, and application Penstock, Inc. software. Other big growth areas are North American since 1981. The original plant produced Distributors (800) PENSTOCK Apple II products for the Pacific region telecommunications equipment and (206) 454-2371 WA and the U.S. Apple expanded its facility services, as well as electronic compo- Northeast nents and equipment. In addition, Sin- Nu Horizons Southwest/Rocky Mountain in 1988 and produces the Macintosh (617) 246-4442 MA gapore has established itself as acenter Insight Electronics Classic and Macintosh LC, as well as all Sickles Distribution Sales (800) 677-7716 for aviation repair and overhaul, so it Apple 11 products and laptops may be (617) 862-5100 MA Sertek, Inc. added. The plant operates 24 hours a needs aviation and avionics support (800) 334-7127 equipmeni Lastly, the government has East Centrul day, with astaff of more than 500. Applied Specialties, Inc. Canada Singapore and the U.S. have a targeted the services sector. (301) 595-5395 MD Sertek, Inc. A key to understanding business with Nu Horizons healthy history of trade and economic (800) 548-0409 cooperation. This should improve in Singapore is a new attitude toward the (301) 995-6330 MD rest of the world. The Economic Devel- (201) 882-8300 NJ 1992 under the auspices of aTrade and (516) 226-6000 NY Investment Framework Agreement with opment Board's Yuen says, "I think there (215) 557-6450 PA International the U.S. signed in October 1990. The ob- is an increasing awareness that the next Penstock East Distributors stage of our economic growth rests on (800) 842-4035 NJ jectives of the agreement are to monitor Europe trade and investment patterns and iden- opportunities outside Singapore." One il- (516) 368-2773 NY (215) 383-9536 PA Italy tify opportunities for expansion, to hold lustration is the "growth triangle" initia- BFI-lbersa SpA consultations on specific trade and in- tive, which combines the unique skills of Southeast (39) 2-331-005-35 Milan vestment matters, to negotiate agree- Singapore with adjoining parts of Penstock, Inc. (39) 6-8088191 Rome Malaysia (Johor) and Indonesia (Riau Is- (404) 951-0300 GA Germany/Switzerland/Austria ments where necessary, and to identify Nu Horizons BFI-lbersa Electronik GmbH and work toward the removal of imped- lands, including Batam and Bintan). (305) 735-2555 FL 149) 89-3195135 iments to trade and investment flows. In Johor has developed infrastructure and France/Beigium skilled workers, while the Riau Islands North Central Scie Dimes short, rather than meeting only when Penstock Midwest there's aproblem to fix, U.S. and Singa- have ample land and labor. Singapore (33) 1-69-41-8282 (708) 934-3700 IL Sweden/Norway/Finland supplies the sophisticated infrastructure, pore representatives will get together (317) 784-3870 IN BFI-lbersa Nordic AB regularly to strengthen their bilateral ties. skills, and support facilities. Many of the South Central (46-8) 626-99-00 For electronics and software compa- concvn is interested in the program are Insight Electronics, Inc. U.K. nies, the agreement's so-called action electronics companies, including Western (800) 677-7716 TX BFI-lbersa Electronics LTD. (44) 62-288-2467 agenda covers antidumping and coun- Digital, Thomson, and Sumitomo Electric. Penstock, Inc. (214) 701-9555 TX tervailing duties, market access, ser- In addition, internationalization Asia and Far East vices, and intellectual property rights. It means looking overseas for strategic al- Northwest Japan also provides for advance warning liances, and in some instances acquiring Insight Electronics, Inc. Yamada Corporation when antidumping or countervailing businesses. The Singapore government (800) 677-7716 (81) 03-3475-1121 duties are brought against Singapore's is encouraging companies to venture overseas to expand markets, acquire exports in the U.S., its largest export Putting Microwave Technology to Work for You market. "It won't completely insulate us, technologies, and improve distribution but it is acommitment not to do dam- channels. The government, too, is in- age to afriend," says Lee Hsien thong, vesting abroad, with an estimated $1.5 OAVANTEK minister of trade and industry. billion of direct investment into foreign U.S. firms have been pretty comfort- ventures. 01 ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 CIRCLE 187 15

CERTAINTY

There's more to electronics industry the engineering/technical side of the management than counting beans - business -and once they've arrived much more. The typical electronics they combine acurrent, experienced CEO wouldn't be typical in any other understanding of technology change field. Unlike his colleagues in with the analytical business traditional industries, aca- skills of aseasoned pro. They reer crunching numbers run their companies hands- didn't get him that corner of- on —and you need to reach fice -and neither did smooth- them in the pages of talking salesmanship. 71% of ELECTRONICS if you want electronics industry manage- your hill of beans to amount ment got to the top through to something. Electronics Business/Technology Perspectives For Global Electronics Management APenton Publication NEWS FRONT

'END OF THE BEGINNING' IT'S BACK TO COURT or object-oriented pro- companies in the IN LCD DISPUTE Fgramming to become a 180-member Ob- Apple Computer Inc. has commercial reality, there ject Management tired the latest round in the bit- must be astandard software Group, which was ter dispute over LCD tariffs. framework based on a way started in 1989 to Last month, the Cupertino, to make requests within the promote object Calif., company filed an ap- object-oriented environ- technology. ORB's peal with the Court of Interna- ment—that is, a software specs were ham- tional Trade in Washington road or bus enabling objects mered out by six asking it to reverse the 63% tar- to interact over anetwork of members of the iff imposed in August on ac- different systems. group—Digital tive-matrix LCDs. At the same Now there is such abus. Its Equipment, Hy- time, John F. Akers, the chair- development means the perDesk, Hewlett- man of IBM Corp., threatened "end of the beginning of [the Packard, SunSoft, to move production of some development of] object tech- NCR, and Object of Big Blue's smallest com- nology," says William Blun- Design. By mak- puters out of the U.S. if the don, vice president of mar- ing it easy for ap- tariff on LCDs is not repealed. keting at Object Design Inc. plication software Apple is the only U.S. com- in Burlington, Mass., the de- from different ven- The Object Request Broker is the puter maker that is now veloper of an object-oriented dors to work to- object-oriented software bus. using active-matrix displays data-base-management sys- gether, ORB is a in its laptops, including the tem for both Unix and Mi- gateway to the goal of open sonal information products at Macintosh PowerBook 170. crosoft Windows. distributed computing. the Palo Alto, Calif., um. But it wasn't the only firm to Announced at the end of The payoff for independent The other two elements in protest the antidumping suit October at the Unix Forum software vendors is the abili- the Object Management Archi- brought by the Advanced International show in New ty to "harness ORB's power tecture are promised next year. Display Manufacturers of York and called the Object to bridge the differences and The Object Model (which is America, which argued be- Request Broker (ORB), the distances, empower the indi- the "language" for conversing fore the International Trade bus is the first of three ele- vidual, and facilitate the among objects) is due in the Commission that unfair Japa- ments that will make up the group," declares HP's Robert first quarter, and the Object nese pricing had harmed Object Management Archi- Frankenberg, vice president Servioc, (the common "top- business. IBM and Compaq tecture being assembled by and general manager for per- ice) by the third quarter. L Computer Corp. also testified that with the dearth of domestic LCDs, a tariff on im- IBM-INTEL PROCESSOR CHIP DEAL SENDS COMPETITORS SCURRYING ports would force U.S. laptop Makers of PC clones and builds its PCs called the planned that will integrate vendors to move manufactur- their chip suppliers had bet- Robert N. Noyce Develop- more functions on-chip. ing offshore [Electronics Oc- ter start thinking about strate- ment Center, after Intel IBM, which has been slower tober 1991, p. 27]. gic alliances. That's one of Corp.'s late cofounder. Ac- to develop Pes than its com- "We feel very strongly that the more important implica- cording to the tenns of the petitors, should be able to the finding of material injury tions of last month's IBM- deal, both companies will use the Intel alliance to react in the ITC decision is factual- Intel chip accord, in which have the right to make the more quickly. ly incorrect and not support- the two giants agreed to co- microprocessors, and Intel Finally, in abusiness where ed by substantial evidence," operate for the next decade will have exclusive rights to it is becoming difficult to tell says James Burger, Apple's in the design of central pro- sell them to other computer one manufacturer's product manager for government. cessors. The deal's potential manufacturers. from all the others, IBM now ADMA, meanwhile, called synergy promises both par- For Intel and IBM, the 50- has the opportunity to differ- the IBM move a "smoke- ties a big advantage over 50 arrangement means, entiate itself more strongly screen." Threats by the com- their go-it-alone adversaries. among other things, that the from the rest of the pack. puter makers to move off- The work will be done by staggering cost of developing And the agreement will quiet shore "are cynical attempts to about 100 engineers from chips and computers will be speculation about what Intel pressure the U.S. Commerce both companies at a facility halved. Also, it gives IBM a and IBM planned to do after Department to weaken its en- to be established in Boca head start on use of the IBM invested $250 million in forcement of the U.S. unfair Raton, Fla.—which is where newest Intel chips: for exam- Intel nine years ago for 12% trade laws," the group said. IBM Corp. designs and ple, aversion of the 80486 is of the chip maker. 0

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CIRCLE 182 PRODUCTS TO WATCH XILINX MAKES FPGA DESIGN ASNAP In a move likely to en- width or operating mode. hance its dominance in The widths and types of field-programmable gate ar- data on adata path are auto- rays, Xilinx Inc. has unveiled matically carried through all BLOX, ahigh-level synthesis levels of the design hierar- tool that automates gate- chy. This means the size of a level design for the San Jose, design can be modified by Calif., company's XC4000 changing just afew fields on family of FPGAs. the schematic. The BLOX library has 30 BLOX uses an expert- generic design modules that knowledge system to pro- BLOX modules on the top offer a sharp contrast in can be linked together using duce optimized designs. For complexity to the gate-level design below. standard schematic design example, it will automatically editors. Each generic mod- assign clocking for high fan- mize density. BLOX will be runs on the XACT' 4000 de- ule has an electronic param- out signals to special buffers, available in January priced at velopment system. Versions eter sheet for entering key or, move registers from the $2,995 for aPC version and for other families are sched- specifications such as bus core to I/O blocks to maxi- $4,995 for workstations. It uled for mid-1992. LI

NCR CHIPS IMPLEMENT ETHERNET NETWORK MANAGEMENT AT&T SPEEDS FPGAs NCR Microelectronics has also offer the flexibility of complete Ethernet network become the first vendor of designing to several popu- including media-access-con- TO GATE ARRAYS Ethernet chip sets to deliver lar personal-computer sys- trol-layer statistics. The chip AT&T Microelectronics' hardware-based network- tem buses. traces and records all 37 net- SoftPath design tool speeds management capability. Using the 92C105 network work events specified by the the migration of field-pro- The Fort Collins, Colo., management chip, LAN ven- IEEE 802.3 standard. grammable gate array de- company's EtherCore chips dors can now configure a Another key differentiator signs to CMOS gate arrays is the flexibility of NCR's in- while preserving pin-to-pin terface to the system bus. In- and package-footprint com- CADENCE ENHANCES ITS VERIFICATION TOOL stead of a single interface patibilities. Cadence Design Systems features to achieve top chip that the system design- SoftPath converts AT&T Inc., San Jose, Calif., is ship- clock speeds. er has to design to, NCR has and Xilinx Inc. FPGAs to ping a new version of its The per-seat price for optimized an interface to AT&T's recently introduced popular Dracula IC design- Dracula, which runs on IBM each popular bus. The first is ATT656 family of gate arrays. verification software. Ver- and Sun Microsystems the 92C143 for the ISA bus. This capability makes the sion 4.0 includes a tool servers, begins at $118,000; In the works are EISA, MCA Berkeley Heights, NJ., chip called InQuery, which is a InQuery sells for $15,000. LI and workstations. LI maker the first to offer single- probe between screen win- supplier support for this de- dows displaying the circuit "eff1!•. sign migration. netlist, layout, and schematic Pricing for ATT656 Series that Cadence says cuts lay- CIRRUS CHIP SET DOES DATA, FAX, VOICE gate arrays depends on de- out-versus-schematic debug Cirrus Logic Inc. has tions, says the Fremont, sign complexity, packaging time in half. squeezed lots of functionality Cnlif., company. This means type, and produciion volume. In amultimillion-transistor into atwo-chip modem that a complete data/fax/voice Nonrecurring engineering IC, that reduction may be delivers data, facsimile, and modem can be created in an costs for low-end gate arrays two weeks or more. Dracu- voice capability to laptop area smaller than abusiness start at $15,000 to $20,000. la 4.0 also includes apara- and notebook computers. card. On-chip firmware elim- Unit prices range from less sitic-resistance-extraction The CL-MD1424 eliminates inates software development than $5 in thousands to tool segment to locate un- the external controller, host and debugging. more than $100 for circuits foreseen electrical resis- interface, and memory chips The chips will be available in large ceramic packages. tance, which helps design- required by competing solu- this month for $45. LI ers working with submicron

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CIRCLE 211 WORLDWIDE E NEWS product line," says Terry Shannon, pres- THE BLITZ OF NEW VAX MODELS COMES WITH A ident of Gander Resources in Ashland, Mass., and former director of the DEC MESSAGE: THE COMPANY IS COMPETING ON PRICE Advisory Service at International Data Corp., the Framingham, Mass., market- research firm. Following DEC's relatively sluggish ANEW, AGGRESSIVE DEC 1991 revenue growth of 7.5%—and the company's resultant downsizing [Elec- BY LAWRENCE CURRAN tronics, September 1991, p. 321—Shan- non views the October broadside as ev- Wou've got to admire Kenneth idence that "DEC is really serious about I Olsen's dedication to his VAX getting rolling again." computer family. The founder and pres- For his part, Olsen, always a semi- ident of Digital Equipment Corp. keeps conductor buff, trumpeted at the intro- the Maynard, Mass., firm pumping new duction that "we now have the fastest energy into the 14-year-old VAX archi- chip and machines at the lowest price tecture. The latest infu- per unit of computation in the industry." COMPUTERS sion centers around a Even though DEC lees reduced-instruc- DEC-designed-and-built 83-MHz CMOS tion-set-computing microprocessors microprocessor, several aggressively from MIPS Computer Systems Inc. of priced systems that incorporate it, and Sunnyvale, Calif., in many of its work- new software that simplifies networking stations, Olsen seems to relish the blaz- any other class of computer to aVAX. ing performance his engineers have ex- The blitz of new systems and soft- tracted from the new DEC chip. ware means that Digital is able to offer The so-called NVAX microprocessor one of the most extensive ranges of sys- is ahummer, especially for acomplex- tems available. It also means that ma- DEC's William Demmer with the instruction-set device. Its 1.3 million chines from the $13.9-billion company hot 83-MHz microprocessor. transistors deliver a dock speed of 83 can link up with just about any other MHz. That's 20 to 30 MHz faster than type of computer under perhaps the pete with the most aggressive on price. both commercially available RISC pro- broadest open-system network umbrel- "In 10 years of DEC watching, Idon't cessors and the 50-MHz Intel 80486, a la in the industry. Finally, the October think I've ever seen such an across-the- leading CISC device. introductions carry price tags that signal board price/performance improvement, Tom Willmott, vice president at the Digital's newfound willingness to corn- from the top to the bottom of the [VAX] Aberdeen Group, aBoston-based mar-

CONNECTING TO ATERAFLOPS he latest model in the Con- Minneapolis, which in August in- -Users will be able to mn the same Tnection Machine family of stalled the first CM-5 for the U.S. Army Fortran program on a Sun worksta- massively parallel supercomputers High-Performance Computing Re- tion, an IBM vector supercomputer, from Thinking Machines Corp. has search Center at the University of Min- and aConnection Machine, and third- the Cambridge, Mass., company nesota in Minneapolis. party software developers will be able talking about 1trillion floating-point The joint standard will stem from to maintain a single source code for operations per second—that's an an agreement among Thinking Ma- all types of machines," Hillis says. impressive 1teraflops. chines, IBM Corp., and Sun Mi- Each node of the CM-5 is a22-mips The CM-5 is described by its first crosystems Inc. to develop a com- Sparc reduced-instruction-set-comput- customer as "the first highly parallel mon scalable programming ing microprocessor. Each has four supercomputer that can be seriously standard for scientific computing. vector pipes, providing 128 megaflops considered for commercial produc- That means customers will be able of peak speed, and all components of tion environments." That's true in part to turn amix of workstations, main- the system's architecture—including because of a joint standard that lets frames, and supercomputers loose software, input/output, and communi- users apply various classes of com- on a problem,. says Danny Hillis, cations network, scale in abalanced puters to solve a problem. The cus- Thinking Machines' chief scientist manner up to systems with 16,000 tomer is John Sell, president of the and also one of the founders of the processor nodes. Prices of CCM-5 sys- Minnesota Supercomputer Center in eight-year-old company. tems begin at $1.4 million.—L.C.

ELECERONTS •DECEMBER 1991 27 People say boundary in low cost, high qualit Now you can test thal

Increasing device Delivers high fault- complexity Rising coverage. pattern develop- Whether you're testing ment costs. High one boundary-scan part or Memel ckwce density packaging. boundary-scan networks, bg c Disappearing nodal VICTORY software access. These are automatically gives the board test prob- you 100% pin-level lems boundary fault coverage. Using scan was created to the IEEE 1149.1 and BSDL solve. Which is fine standards, it takes VICTORY in theory. Only only a Concurrent --âpAP control' problem is there engineering minute or takes on new hasn't been any two to gen- meaning when you use way to put boundary scan erate test VIC7DRY's Find corn owe manufacturing faults Access without test pattern libraries or physical to the test. Until now. patterns. It Analyzer to test access with boundary-scan design and optimize board VIC-IVRY software. would take layout for testability and aprogram- cost-efficiency. VICTORY- the first software to automate mer days, boundary-scan testing. even weeks to deliver Introducing VICTORY" from Teradyne: the only the same fault coverage software toolset ready to help you turn boundary-scan for conventional designs. theory into apractical advantage. From the moment Now you can find stuck-at your first boundary-scan device is designed in, faults, broken wire bonds, VICTORY starts wrong or missing compo- to simplify the The Vit IVRY toolset is the nents—even open input comprehensive solution testing of for boundary-scan test and pins—all without manual diagnostics. sL i complex digi- aton pa ddiagnostic probing. tal boards. And VICTORY's fault the more bound- feceess'210 diagnostics clearly ary-scan parts spell out both fault you have, the type and fault loca- more time and tion. And that's just the money you save. manufacturing process scan is abreakthrough board testing theory.

feedback you need to eliminate defects where it's mized board layout most cost- effective—at the source. without lowering fault coverage. Helps solve the test access problem. Good for the Boundary-Scan Intelligent Diagnostics idente With boundary-scan design and VICTORY faults by type and location without physical probing —even on software, you won't need bed-of-nails access bottom line. high-density SMT assemblies on nodes where boundary-scan parts Shorter test programming time. Higher fault cover- are interconnected. That means age. Lower PC board and test fixture costs. The bot- fewer test pads. Fewer tom line on VICTORY is how positively it will affect test probes. your bottom line. And because VICTORY works with all Teradyne board testers, you're free to tailor atest process that's cost-effective for both your boundary- scan and non-scan boards. No matter what your test objectives. For example, with our new Z1800VP- series testers, acomplete solution for in-circuit and boundary-scan testing starts at well under $100,000.

Make the next logical move. Call today. Boundary scan is the design-for-test Get high fault coverage at low cost when you That's breakthrough that test boundary-scan boards with our new Z1800 VP system and VIC7'ORY software. acom- promises lower cost, pelling advantage higher quality board testing. But don't take our word to board designers. for it. Call Daryl Layzer at (800) 225-2699, ext. 3808. Which is why VICTORY% We'll show you how, with VICTORY software and Access Analyzer was developed. With Teradyne board testers, you can test this theory this concurrent engineering tool, designers get for yourself. testability information early in the design process. They can easily see where test points are required for lEitetee visibility and where they can be dropped, for opti-

CIRCLE 199 ket-research organization, is products. The company impressed with that 83-MHz added four entries—NAS 200, claim, but is also waiting to 250, 300, and 400—to its ex- see if the number holds up in panding Network Application shippable systems. "If the Support family. These tools numbers are true, Digital has work with either or both VMS come from dead last in perfor- and Ultrix, the company's vari- mance at the clubhouse turn ation of Unix. to win the race by two NAS 200, for example, for lengths," he says. VMS and Ultrix servers, pro- Willmott points out that. vides basic networking and except for its earlier VAX 6000 file and data sharing for pro- models, DEC hasn't had much grams running on IBM or high-performance hardware clone PCs, Apple Macintosh to sell recently. "They've done arratrat ilieftalkaust -simelbaLe eammal adman ida I systems, or workstations. NAS agood job of selling software ^ 200 also implements popular and services in recent years. standards. These tools meet They've also successfully reor- DEC says its new VAX station 4000 outdistances the needs of corporate MIS ganized their matrix-manage- any other company s computers. managers, "who want stan- ment approach and effectively dards that are easy to use and streamlined their sales organization," tively, making them probably the low- buy, want to support all systems in their says Wilrnott. "Now, with this block- est-priced workstations on the market. inventory, and [want to] be able to run buster hardware and the popular NAS Networking software, the glue that all their application programs on any or [networking] packages to sell, Ifeel their makes computers from different ven- all of those systems," points out David near-term financial results will be quite dors run harmoniously together, is also Stone, vice president of DEC's Software positive," he concludes. a critical element of the new Digital Products Group. In all, the introduction encompassed at least eight software products, including an updated version (5.5) of Digital's VMS operating system. And there are IT'S BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTING OF BOARD-LEVEL some seven new systems and system- clustering configurations. PRODUCTS, AND THE CUSTOMERS DEMAND IT The top-of-the-line VAX 6000 model 610 and VAX 4000 model 500 outdis- tance any other company's offerings, says William Demmer, vice president of THE SILENT ADVANTAGE Digital's VAX VMS Systems and Servers Group. Demmer says those machines BY JACK SHANDLE Inc. added the four pins JTAG requires are rated first and second in the industry to its 68040, or that Texas Instruments on price/performance vs. the audited pple, AST, and IBM demand it. Inc. did the same for its 320C30 digital Transaction Processing Council's WC A Intel, Motorola, MIPS, and TI signal processor. The relatively rapid benchmark A, which measures total all do it, but for the most part quietly. adoption of JTAG by the major proces- system performance (instead of central In the semiconductor industry, sor vendors has pleasantly surprised processor cycles) in ademanding appli- where product preannouncements are Doug Kostlan, product development cation environment. commonplace and vaporware is Ez3 manager for TI's general-purpose The model 610, intended for main- asalable commodity, the silent logic marketing group. framelike corporate data-center use, is treatment for a technology can mean "Once the processors have bound- rated at 83.6 tpsA at acost of $12.922 only one thing: it gives its users astrate- ary scan, the systems houses begin per tpsA, or two to three times faster gic advantage that they would like to looking for more chips with it," he says. than the earlier VAX 6000 model 500 at keep under their hats. Kostian, whose job it is to proselytize a lower price. The VAX 4000 model The technology—boundary-scan JTAG, says that ayear ago he would 500, amidrange or departmental com- testing of board-level products using have guessed Intel, Motorola, and MIPS puter, comes in at 64 tpsA and $11.945 standards developed by the Joint Test Computer Systems Inc. would not find per tpsA. "These systems have faster Action Group (ITAG)—is certainly not boundary scan useful until 1992 or TPC-A performance than any IBM unheard of. JTAG itself has been 1993. But PC-systems houses such as AS/400, IBM RS/6000, or any compara- around since 1986, and the IEEE for- Apple, IBM, and AST found it cost-ef- ble Hewlett-Packard system tested," malized its boundary-scan proposals fective in testing their motherboards— says Demmer. into the 11491 standard in February both in the design and manufacturing Two versions of alow-end worksta- 1990. But most industry observers are phases. So they are pressuring the chip tion—the VAXstation VLC—also made surprised to learn that Intel Corp. used makers to earmark the needed pins their debuts. They sell for $3,450 (black JTAG boundary-scan to debug its 50- and real estate on their latest chips. Be- and white) and $3,950 (color), respec- MHz 80486 module, or that Motorola cause the strategic advantage over non-

ELECTKINICS •DEC2MBR 1991 30 Oh no. Please, not now. Not with manufacturing release next week. THE PROTRIPE DOESN'T WORK. Six ASICs, fifteen PLDs and the whole thing's gone south. Maybe Ishould go south too. Yeah, hop abus. Head for Mexico. PROTOTYPE ISN'T WORK. Software? Could be. Hardware? Might be. So where do Istart? At the beginning, of come. And just where is that, smart guy? BEM IME ISN'T WORK. And my performance review comes up next month. Maybe they'll just forget about all this, right? Yeah. Sure. THE PRIMITYPE ISN'T WORK. Wait. What about that glitch in the handshake on the first pass? Couldn't reproduce it. Maybe it just reproduced itself. ISN'T WORK.

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CIRCLE 223 JTAG users appears significant, Kostlan alyzer that allows users to access the tures as the leading CASE solution has had some difficulty getting JTAG JTAG test bus. And in October, 11 an- the Advanced Computing Environ- testimonials. nounced two ICs—a scan-path linker ment," says Akiha. "We know of one large computer and ascan-path selector—that partition But perhaps the Unix Forum event company that says [boundary scan] jus- test paths into smaller segments. carrying the most important long-term tified itself before the product got out of On the standards front, the IFFE implications was the joint appearance the design phase. The savings were so 1149.1A group is defining aboundary- by executives from IBM, Apple, and great that they would not give any data scan description language that will for- Motorola to explain how and what they to us," he says. Another significant prob- malize a way of addressing IC logic. would support in their joint develop- lem is that there is no accepted cost The federal government is also getting ment effort. model for analyzing the benefits of into the act by requiring boundary-scan There will be five initiatives in hard- using IEEE 1149.1. capability in its project proposals. In ware, software, and silicon: the Power To help this along, TI is developing a fact, the government is the driving force PC, PowerOpen, enterprise network- cost model that it is making widely behind the proposed P1149.5 standard ing, multimedia, and object-oriented available. And the »allas chip maker for atest bus for system backplanes. It technology. Taking them one at atime: has had a busy autumn. It released a has already been used by the Depart- • The Power PC single-chip design number of JTAG products at Septem- ment of Defense and could be adopted will appear in 18 to 24 months. James ber's International Test Conference, in- by the American National Standards In- Norling, president of Motorola Inc.'s cluding aboard with abuilt-in logic an- stitute by next summer. CI Semiconductor Product Sector, says, "There will be 300-plus engineers in Austin developing four implementa- tions in parallel—desktop, portable, lap- WITH NO SEA CHANGE IN SIGHT, UNIX IS top, and entry-level workstation. That will give users a wide variety of price SWIMMING ALONG WITH THE BIG GUYS points. Design rules for the CMOS chip will be 0.5 gm, the same as those for 16- Mbit DRAMs." The workstation will be based on RISC technology. INTO THE MAINSTREAM • PowerOpen is to be astandards- based Unix computing environment. It BY HOWARD WOLFF cheap?", but "What can it do?" Manu- will be able to handle existing applica- facturers, looking for differentiation tions for Apple Computer Inc.'s Macin- thas come to this with Unix: there among their products, have begun to tosh A/UX and System 7.0, as well as Iis no major trend. That was the move some of the functions from the IBM's RS/6000 ADC workstation. mast striking impression among the in- host server to the terminal—in fact, IBM • The enterprise networking effort dustry movers, shakers, and watchers Corp. has even added alocal hard disk will be aimed at making it easy to inte- exploring the aisles and meeting rooms for image storage. grate Apple Macintoshes and IBM PCs of New York's Jacob K. r So products un- on the same network. Javits Convention Cen- OPERATING SYSTEMS veiled at the New York • Multimedia development will be ter at this fall's Unix Expo. And as an in- gathering ranged from Visual Technol- undertaken by two independent com- dicator of the state of the industry, it is ogy Inc.'s monochrome model for the panies to be set up by IBM and Apple. apositive one. price conscious, all the way up to more One, called Kaleida, will develop multi- There are, to be sure, ahealthy col- sophisticated entries—some complete media products; the other, Taligent, is to lection of what might be called with color and others boasting their come up with an object-oriented soft- trendlets—for example, in X terminals own operating systems. And they came ware platform that will be based on the and computer-assisted software engi- from the likes of Hewlett-Packard, Net- one, code-named Pink, under develop- neering (CASE)—as well as the poten- work Computing Devices, and Human ment at Apple. tially massive IBM-Apple-Motorola un- Designed Systems. • The object-oriented-programming dertaking. But the absence of a single In the CASE-for-Unix area, the buzz initiative will be undertaken by Taligent. defining announcement or revelation is phrase is "enterprise-wide." Interactive "The real promise of object-based sys- another indication that Unix and open Development Environments of San tems," says Michael Spindler, Apple's systems have swum bravely into the Francisco, an eight-year-old company, president, "is to maintain applications mainstream. In short, the king of the showed off a system that is designed over avariety of networks and add fea- multiuser networked systems seems se- for the network, rather than for real- tures. The promise is time to market, cure in its domain. time or embedded use. Called Software not complexity." Nevertheless, there were some inter- through Pictures, it is available for SCO The work of the three companies is esting developments at the gathering of Open Desktop—one of the first inte- designed to take advantage of what Unix club. On the X-terminal front, the grated CASE products to be available Spindler sees as the underlying appeal move seems to be toward specializa- for that environment, says Nobby of Unix: true scalable architecture. 'We tion for what just ayear ago were mere- Akiha, Interactive Development's direc- want to move Unix into volume desk- ly inexpensive dumb terminals. So for tor of marketing communications. "This top space," he adds, "and transit the users, the question is not merely "How port will position Software through Pic- Mac onto the RISC power platform." Ci

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 32 NEC NEW SCOPE TELECOM 91 SPECIAL REPORT

Customized Networking Platform takes communications into the 21st century.

Described as the ments CNP with the Olympics of Telecom- broadest product line munications because in the industry. of its huge scale and Switching, transmission,

worldwide audience, Afriendly robot offered a video presentation of the CNP concept. radio, and computer Telecom 91 was a systems are integrated highly competitive environment for new tech- with terminals in a seamless setup that leads to nology introductions. One of the highlights was smooth network operation. Yet CNP also offers NEC's announcement of the Customized open-interface flexibility for today's multi- Networking Platform (CNP), an advanced archi- vendor environment. tectural concept designed to take telecommuni- CNP is an ambitious concept. A unified archi- cations well into the 21st century. tecture able to cover all public, corporate and CNP offers atotal network solution for evolv- mobile communications networks, ing communications requirements. Responding it provides both broadband to the immediate needs of each operator and transmission and intelli- end-user with an optimum mix of services, gent capabilities. CNP also provides exceptional flexibility for Visitors at Telecom 91 future growth. experienced awide An all-encompassing concept array of

As aworld leader in integrated computer and futuristic CPE

communications (C & C) technology, NEC imple- CNP services. Transport Layer

CC Computers and Communications NEC NEWSCOPE

Broadband ISDN demonstration via the Ci

Global Multimedia Communication System The Customized Networking Plat- cation system links multiple hyper- These capabilities were demon- form (CNP) creates an innovative, media stations and a hypermedia strated at Telecome 91 by a global multi-party teleworking environ- database with a broadband ISDN teleconference. Linking two NEC ment. People in remote locations and multimedia LANs. booths at Palexpo, Geneva with can "meet" via face-to-face desktop The hypermedia database features offices in Munich and London, teleconferencing. In real time, semantics-based association. the conference focused on the they can share and process multi- People working at multiple remote preservation of planet earth. media information—text, graphics, hypermedia stations can simul- images and handwriting. taneously retrieve and process The new multimedia communi- multimedia information.

4 0.8111

0000,

60' ;00 1 01."'-d Wine 4 01101111.

some — goo. .rommill - I— ,,- CNP Transport Layer -- loraM11111111M11 The transport layer was demon- 2.4Gbps/600Mbps/ strated by awide range of leading- 150Mbps SDH fiber elegaí , optic transmission edge equipment. A NEAX61 ATM 10G bps fiber optic systems service node and aphotonic switch- transmission system with optical amplifiers ing system displayed broadband 6GHz 150Mbps/ 18GHz 150Mbps SDH switching capabilities. digital radio relay systems

A prototype photonic switch, with multi-gigabit capacity, NEAX61 ATM service node performed HDTV switching. TELECOM 91 SPECIAL REPORT

Customized Networking Matform istomized Networking Platform.

CNP Mobile Communications Network

Hypermedia Station

To free users from cell restrictions, data, or fax. At Telecom 91, NEC NEC integrates multiple mobile net- displayed awide variety of networks into one full-service mobile work elements, including cellular communications sphere. phones, cordless PCs, a base CNP Service Creation and Each subscriber has a personal tele- transceiver station, mobile satel- Control Layer communication number which can lite terminals, and car navigation be accessed anywhere, systems. at any time, and in any communications format — telephony,

The NEAX61 application service processor is a powerful core for advanced intelligent networks. Designed for fast start-up, it provides awide range of innovative customer-programmable services.

CNP Network Management Layer NEC's network operation and management systems are based on both the CCITT TMN and 051 protocols. ACTNET-X provides fully integrated management of next- generation networks,including SDH. NEC NEWSCOPE TELECOM 91 SPECIAL REPORT

Automatic Speech-to-Speech Translation System SX-3 Series Supercomputers The supercomputers of the SX-3 series are regarded as the fastest Automatic Interpretatio in the world, with performance up RECOGNITION TRANSLATION to 22 GFLOPS, or 5.5 GFLOPS per JAPANESE ENGLISH processor. The SX-3 series supports the UNIX-based SUPER-UX operat- 11..11.,. May I help you? ing system. An on-line demon- I'dI k.. to tour a relax109 stration at Telecom 91 linked audiences with an SX-3 Model 12 installed at the National Aerospace Laboratory in the Netherlands.

INFORMA PION

Because language is the ultimate Interlingua, a unique intermediary communications barrier, NEC has language for efficient machine developed an advanced automatic translation. speech translation system. It allows continuous speech input by any Open Application Interface 64-bit RISC Microprocessor (non-designated) speaker and pro- NEC's advanced PABX series can The VR4000 is the world's first vides simultaneous machine trans- communicate with most general- 64-bit RISC microprocessor. On a lation into multiple languages. An purpose computers single chip, it integrates all the experimental system at Telecom via our Open Appli- functions necessary for 64-bit com- 91 automatically interpreted from cation Interface. puting, including 64-bit integer unit, Japanese to English and from OAI is the key to a 64-bit floating point unit, 8K-byte English to Japanese, with simulta- computer-controlled instruction cache,and 8K-byte data neous translation and voice out- telephone system in cache. The 64-bit integer CPU put in French and Spanish. which multi-function features an 8-stage superpipelined The NEC system features demi - phones serve as architecture which executes two syllable recognition and PIVOT handy data terminals. instructions in one clock cycle. New services include Average performance is 60 order entry, inventory SPECmark (50MHz). management, electronic telephone directory, and work-hour management. At Telecom 91, order transaction was demonstrated by a NEAX2400 IMS linked to an IBM S/370 in Japan.

UNIX: Registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories. Inc. in the U.S.A. and other countries. SPECmark: Trademark of Standard Performance Evaluation Corp. NEC EUROPEAN OBSERVER LESS CASH, HIGHER PROFILE FOR JESSI

essi is going to have to proach aims to enhance the Jtighten its belt. The Joint program's effectiveness and European Submicron Silicon give it more visibility so that Initiative will have to get by the public gets a better un- with 25% less money in 1992 derstanding of how and on because the contribution what the EC funds are spent. from the European Commu- So for the main phase, nity will fall short of the fi- which begins in January— nancial support it promised following the startup phase last year. The program's 1992 during which more than 70 budget now checks in at projects were approved— about $500 million (roughly the Jessi board has designat- half of that coming from the ed a set of highly visible project partners themselves). "flagship projects" to catch Jessi officials hope, however, the public's eye. the EC will later reconsider Included are digital high- and restore the cut. definition IV, audio broad- `We are pinning our hopes casting, and cellular phones. on a new direction for the Also, advanced integrated ser- Jessi program," says Klaus vices digital networks, fine- Knapp, spokesman for the The big question for Jessi's executives is whether line lithography, and com- organization The new ap- the EC will change its mind about a 25% budget cut. petitive manufacturing. Li

SIEMENS WILL EXPAND IN THE U.S. WITH AUTOMATION GEAR is aiming its products at the N, A‘ that Siemens AG has the 6% predicted for the the tight network of techni- American chemical, paper, acquired the industrial con- overall U.S. market for elec- cal centers these are locat- plastics, oil and gas, and trol sector of Dallas-based trical equipment. ed in Detroit, Chicago, At- metal-processing industries. Texas Instruments Inc. and For success, the company lanta, and Johnson City, Siemens did about $2 bil- has set up anew company, is banking on the large Tenn.—and more than 60 lion worth of business Siemens Industrial Automa- range of products resulting sales and service bases around the world in automation Inc., in Atlanta, the Ger- from the marriage of the throughout the U.S. The tion technology last year. In man electronics giant is Siemens and TI activities in company, which will even- programmable controls, it is poised to become a leader the field. Another factor is tually employ 1,200 people, the world's leader. ID in the American market for automation systems and equipment. Executives figure that during Siemens In- EUROPE REGAINS AUTONOMY IN GALLIUM ARSENIDE PRODUCTION dustrial Automation's first fis- German—in fact, all Euro- heavy Japanese competition stoffe GmbH in Freiberg, cal year—it ends next Sept. pean—makers of gallium ar- and decided to concentrate which is already making and 30—U.S. sales will approach senide ICs can breathe easi- on silicon [Electronics, May marketing the material. Its $170 million. The Atlanta er. Their independence from 1991, p. 41]. Wacker, in standards in GaAs crystal firm, which manies Ti's in- Japanese suppliers of the Burghausen, had been Eu- growing are said to match dustrial control activities to material seems assured now rope's only native producer those demanded by West- Siemens's former U.S. au- that asmall firm in formerly of high-purity GaAs crystals. ern firms. The company tomation equipment busi- Communist East Germany Lobbying hard for autonomy now wants to perfect its ness, already checks in as has ramped up production were the German ministries skills in cutting and polish- the fourth largest supplier of of GaAs wafers. That inde- for defense as well as re- ing GaAs wafers and in- industrial automation gear to pendence from outsiders search and technology, crease their size from the the $12 billion U.S. market. was threatened when Ger- joined by the chip industry present 3- and 4-in. diameter. Siemens is sanguine about many's Wacker Chemitronic and the state of Saxony. Experts air counting on a its new company's future. It GmbH earlier this year Wacker has transferred its boom in GaAs devices for mo- expects an annual growth stopped production of GaAs GaAs production gear to bile telephones and satellite rate between 10% and 15%, substrates in the face of Freiberger Elektronik Werk- receivers to drop prices. Ll which is better than double

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Circle 219 -Please have salesman call Circle 220 -Please send literature EXECUTIVE BRIEFING bag deployment systems and suspen- QUICK-STEPPING COMPANIES ARE CHALLENGING sions; mass air-flow sensors for engine control; chemical sensors for exhaust- THE STALWARTS IN LUCRATIVE AUTO MARKET gas analysis; fluid-level sensors for measuring lubricants, fuel, and coolant; and angular-position sensors for antilock braking systems and for sensing OUT WITH THE OLD? crankshaft and camshaft positions. Downward migration will be the BY FRANCIS J. LAVOIE licized problems currently AIITOMOTIVE dominant factor in the near- facing automakers in the term growth in most categories, inhe history of automotive elec- U.S. and abroad. That's good news for says Jeff Bartlett, director of product tronics in the U.S. reveals an in- suppliers, but with the new players in marketing for AVX Corp., aGreat Neck, dustry dominated by awell-established the game, only the most astute are like- N.Y., components maker. "For exam- group of companies, mostly domestic. ly to survive the stiffer competition. ple, a low-end car might have six en- But the old order is changing as other They will be jostling in the near term gine and transmission control modules, manufacturers on three continents rev for sales resulting from further penetra- while a high-end car might have over up their efforts to grab shares of what is tion into areas already well established, two dozen." This heavier use of elec- becoming the world's most lucrative at least in the U.S., say the analysts. For tronics will filter down to low-priced electronics market. A few cases in point: example, the Freedonia Group predicts cars as time goes on and carmakers *United Technologies Corp. is ready that growth will focus mainly on engine strive to meet more stringent fuel-econ- to transfer its vast storehouse of exper- and drive-train controls; navigational omy and emission standards. tise in military electronics to the auto- and instrumentation systems; comfort, The increased use of these systems motive sector. This is a major shift in convenience, and entertainment equip- will expand beyond U.S. borders. marketing direction Japan, for example, is for the aerospace expected to see giant, as well as aseri- greater use of air ous challenge to the bags and antilock dominance of estab- braking systems. This lished automotive- will be primarily to electronics suppliers. meet export needs, *Japan's TDK, but more and more long aforce in enter- Japanese cars sold in tainment electronics, the domestic market- is trying to gain a place will also have foothold for its chip these safety features. sets in the auto busi- But it is Europe ness through its Santa that will most likely Cruz, Calif., sub- show the greatest sidiary, Silicon Sys- growth in the use of tems Inc. electronic subsys- *VLSI Technology tems. This will result Inc. set up an Auto- primarily from the motive Products Divi- Europe $1.58 billion European Communi- sion in late 1989 and 111 Japan $1.28 billion ty's new emission is busily staffing up to North America $1.64 billion regulations, sched- plunge into the fray. SOURCE' BIS STRATEGIC DECISIONS uled to go into force The market poten- at the end of 1992, tial is awesome. A report from the Free- ment; and safety and security. which will apply to all engines up to 2 donia Group in Cleveland puts the According to the Freedonia report, liters. To meet these new standards, OEM electronics content of cars, light the safety and security category offers manufacturers are expected to change trucks, and vans at $1,800 per vehicle the best opportunities, with annual from carburetors to electronically con- by 2000. And BIS Strategic Decisions, a gains of 25% projected to 2000. Includ- trolled fuel injection. Luton, UK, marketing firm, estimates the ed in this category are antilock braking For suppliers, the most serious chal- total value worldwide for systems con- systems, electronic restraints (air bags), lenges may yet come from overseas. For trols in automobiles, excluding trucks antitheft systems, light and mirror con- example, at the recent Society of Auto- and entertainment components, will trols, and traction controls. motive Engineers show in Detroit, reach $14.2 billion by 1995. The projec- Among the components that will see Korea's giant Daewoo International an- tions appear solid despite the well-pub- growing use are accelerometers for air nounced its readiness to tackle "practi-

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CIRCLE 4 ULTRA-MINIATURE

other, as American car AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEM manufacturers do, just to DC-DC get abetter price." CONTROLS Bartlett feels that this Converter (EXCLUDES ENTERTAINMENT) reliance on an existing

1991 1995 infrastructure is one way the Japanese skirt U.S. Transformers NORTH AMERICA $3.1 BILLION $5 BILLION domestic-content laws. As for the chances of an Ite'. Actual WEST EUROPE $2.8 BILLION $4.9 BILLION American manufacturer Size JAPAN $2.5 BILLION $4.3 BILLION breaking into this infrastructure in a big way, eitapic DECISIONS _AirditjaURCE: BIS Bartlett says, "I just don't see a tidal wave of op- rally any job." The company used the portunity for U.S. manufacturers from SAE show as a first step in getting the the likes of Toyota and Honda." Daewoo name more closely associated But Bartlett doesn't write off com- with the automotive sector. pletely the potential for exports to Japan Some foreign suppliers are making and Europe. He believes the greatest their moves through their American opportunities lie in subsystems rather arms. Siliconix Inc., the Santa Clara, than components. "There's a lot more Calif., chip maker that is 85% owned by electronic content in our cars, particular- • Power levels up to 40 Watts Germany's AEG AG, is aggressively ly in engine controls and driver comfort • ,12V, marketing a line of power MOSFEIS, and safety systems, and these systems Input voltages oi 5V which the company feels will be espe- are much more highly developed than 24V and 48V cially useful in chassis applications. those in, say, European cars," he says. • Standard output voltages What are the chances of the ultimate "Supplying subsystems to the overseas market is where the most promising op- up to 300V (special nightmare coming true—that the Japa- voltages cpplied)an be su nese or Koreans, for example, will take portunities lie. If the subsystems are de- over the U.S. auto electronics market as veloped there, they will use their own be used as self domestic suppliers." • Ca n - they clici consumer electronics? saturating or linear "A lot has been written about that," switching applications says AVX's Bartlett, whose own compa- A tfirst glance, Eastern Europe over ambie nt ny was recently bought by Kyocera of Pg would not seem to be a ope ration Japan. "But remember, many Japanese promising market for sophisticated au- temperature range from companies are already strong in this tomotive electronics. But that isn't the country, so we're already competing case, says Arie Brish, director of market- —55°Cto -+-105°C T-27 with them successfully. There's no rea- ing for Motorola Inc.'s Advanced Micro- • All units meetMIL - son for that to change if we keep our controller Division. "Many Eastern Euro- wits about us, and don't just surrender pean countries import cars, and buyers (T F5S4OZZ) e Secondary can be co nnected the market to them like we did in con- are demanding the same kinds of em- bridge sumer electronics." bellishments as their Western European for full-wave or dueticaal lly Bartlett does wony about the short- neighbors. It won't be long before what tenn mentality prevalent among U.S. is considered a luxury today will be • All units are magn suppliers. "It may seem as though we seen as anecessity." Brish believes that shielded just naturally play by 'good-guy rules, this trend will broaden to include East- • Schematics and parts list with everyone welcome to compete," em European car manufacturers as their provided wit htransformers he says. "In fact, we like competition countries' standard of living improves. • Delivery-stock to one week because it provides lower prices. And Some believe the American compa- see eva, _et aeOsx oe Ameriœn manufacturers will buy from nies' greatest potential lies in their un- %voles etee e anyone if they can get a better price. matched software expertise. "Digital sig- ceFREE. " P eo CA That could cost us in the long mn." nal processing, for one, is a very One disappointment to U.S. suppli- software-intensive technology," says ers has been the lack of activity resulting Matt Robinson, product line director for PICO from foreign carmakers establishing mobile communications for the DSP Electronics, Inc. manufacturing and assembly plants in Group. "This favors a country like the 453 N. MacOuesten Pkwy. Mt. Vernon, N.Y. 10552 the U.S. "The Japanese tend to bring U.S., which leads the world in software Cell Toll Free 800-431-1064 their own infrastructure with them development, and is why this country is IN NEW YORK CALL 914-699-5514 when they establish plants in this coun- the acknowledged leader in digital sig- try," says Bartlett. "Also, they are far nal processing. The Japanese have a Send for PICO's new catalog featuring more loyal to their suppliers. They don't shortage of software engineers that is Ultra Miniature Transformers/Inductors/ DC-DC Conveners tend to jump from one supplier to an- likely to extend into the next decade." Li

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 CIRCLE 206 41 GREEN IS GOOD FOR BUSINESS SURPRISE! ENVIRONMENTALISM CAN PAY OFF IN BETTER VIA\UFACTURING, MORE EFFICIE1T PROCESSES, AND SAVINGS BY JACQUELINE DAMIAN

n the 1970s and early 1980s, the they don't generate waste in the first electronics industry suddenly found place. That means savings on chemical Iitself, along with the rest of Amen- purchases as well as on disposal. - can manufacturers, confronting a •Recycling and reuse of parts and new and expensive wrinkle interfering metals saves one division of Hewlett- with business as usual: the environmen- Packard Co. $17 million ayear. Each tal movement. The mood was adversar- month, the Support Materials Organiza- ial as wrathful activists and "not in my tion in Roseville, Calif., and Grenoble, backyard" citizens' groups began ques- France, refurbishes or recycles some tioning the impact large com- 500,000 pounds of excess, panies were having on the COVER STORY scrap, and obsolete products environment, and increasingly stringent returned by customers, creating fresh government regulations demanded the raw materials instead of solid waste. control of air and water emissions— •Tektronix Inc. is saving 30% per often at great cost. square foot in its metal-painting opera- Just adecade later, the face of indus- tion since switching to an environmen- try environmentalism has radically tally safer low-solvent paint. The paint changed. Across the board, virtually all itself is more expensive but the Beaver- the large electronics producers and ton, Ore., company's new system uses many of the smaller ones have begun to 40% less of it, which means less haz- go green. Companies have integrated ardous waste generated and less environmentalism into their corporate money spent on disposal. cultures, forged environmental policies *And 3M Co., which is singled out as well as quality, to an operation. and practices, appointed "green man- by environmentalists and the business However, despite the many success agers" who oversee environmental ini- community alike for its longstanding stories, ahost of questions remains for tiatives and rank at the highest tier of the embrace of environmentally friendly managers who are striving to make their corporate hierarchy. No longer lurching manufacturing (see p. 46), has saved businesses environmentally responsi- from crisis to cleanup, the companies in $537 million since instituting its ground- ble. For starters, just how green is green? the forefront of the movement have re- breaking Pollution Prevention Pays pro- There is little consensus at the manage- ali7ed substantial—and often unexpect- gram in 1975. That's a lowball figure, rial level. Some companies are satisfied ed—gains from their efforts, among taking into account only first-year sav- to simply meet federal, state, and local them big cost savings and improved ings from any new process implement- regulations, which grow tougher every manufacturing processes. They have ed. The sum would be much higher if day. Others ny to second-guess the reg- found that what's good for the environ- computed over product lifetime. ulators, cutting back today on the chem- ment can be good for business, too. "It really does turn out to be aprac- icals most likely to be limited or banned *Intel Corp. is saving what it conser- tice of corporate improvement," says in the future. Some are folding environ- vatively estimates to be $1 million ayear Art Kleiner, a journalist who follows mentalism into their quality programs, by radically reducing its hazardous corporate environmentalism for aiming for "zero emissions" in the same waste. Instead of carting the end prod- Garbage magazine. "That very definite- way that they strive for "zero defects." ucts of the manufacturing cycle to in- ly came as a surprise, just as quality Today's approach to green issues creasingly scarce (and pricey) toxic- came as asurprise" to U.S. business, he has its roots in the failures and limita- waste disposal sites, the Santa Clam, says. "People used to engineer to a tions of the 1970s, says Mark Haveman, Calif., chip maker recycles much of the spec; now they engineer for continual astaffer at the National Wildlife Federa- material that would otherwise be improvement. And that's aperfect kind tion's Corporate Conservation Council dumped—and retools processes so of way to apply environmentalism," in Washington. After installing all man-

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 42 CUTTING BACK

6 - ON CHEMICALS

5 -

4 - AIR EMISSIONS

OTHER RELEASES 3 -

2 -

O 1987 1988 1989 1990 SOURCE: SANTA CLARA COUNTY MANUFACTURING GROUP

in 1990, Silicon Valley sent 74% fewer toxics into the environment—air, water, land, underground, public sewage, and off-site releases—than in 1987.

such seemingly trivial Burke, president of matters as packaging the Santa Clara Coun- and recycling in an ef- I ty Manufacturing fort not to control pollu- Group (SCCMG). In- tion after it's cleated but ters green manager, to prevent its being cre- Terry McManus, says ated in the first place. the cleanup itself av- The new approach is erages $30 million. called "pollution pre- And mopping up 60 vention" to distinguish it Silicon Valley ground- from the old-style "pol- water cleanup sites lution control." has cost the compa- large companies in nies involved $300 particular are embracing million since 1982, the pollution prevention says Burke. concept," says Gordon A Ti engineer checks water A less extreme ex- net of end-of-the-pipe equipment to Rands, who co-taught quality at Hiji, Japan, plant. ample, but one that is trap pollutants generated in manufactur- the National Wildlife being addressed by ing, Haveman says, companies soon Federation's pilot, MBA-level business- virtually every company in the electron- found that these "command and con- and-the-environment course last year at ics industry, is disposal of everyday trol" solutions were self-limiting. They the University of Minnesota. "1'hey have toxic waste—the chemicals and other made adent in pollutants released, but found from experience—for example, substances used to manufacture semi- to get further improvements would 3M that they can reformulair, or tap conductors, printed-circuit boards, and mean spending outlandish sums on big- and recycle, or modify aprocess so that other products. Back in 1985, when ger and better scrubbers, wastewater a certain chemical isn't necessary...so Intel began an aggressive program to treatment facilities, and other trapping that waste that needs to be disposed of cut back on its hazardous waste, it cost devices. Benefits realized per dollar simply isn't generated." However, says about $200 to manage aton of such ma- spent took anosedive after the initial, Rands, while "pollution prevention has terial, says McManus, who is corporate first-level installations. picked up alot of steam in the past two manager of environment, health, and So companies were "forced to look or three years, it hasn't yet become the safety and is based in Chandler, Ariz. at more creative ways to reduce toxics paradigm" for large portions of U.S. in- By 1989, with ever tighter restrictions or use resources more effectively," dustry. Many companies, he says, are still on where toxic waste could be trans- Haveman says. "Black boxes as 'fixits' scrambling for after-the-fact cleanups. ported and dumped, the cost had are getting more and more difficult to But the cost of that approach is sky- soared to $1,300, he says, and by 1990, come by." The solution, for many, was rocketing, as any company implicated it hit $2,000. "For certain solvents," says the equivalent of a thorough spring in aSuperfund site or amajor ground- McManus, "it costs more to dispose of cleaning: a "cradle-to-grave assess- water cleanup can attest. Simply being them than to buy them." ment," Haveman says, of manufacturing listed as liable in aSuperfund cleanup Intel is just one of many electronics processes, materials used, and even costs a company $500,000, says Gary producers that is cutting back. Apple,

ELECTRONICS .DECEMBER1991 43 AT&T, HP, IBM, Motorola, and Texas Instruments are among others that have CFCs: ADE FINING MOMEN1 also made significant reductions in the orne industry watchers point try overall. Most companies—even past few years—though not so dramatic Sto the chlorofluorocarbon cri- the small ones—will do away with as Intel's 80% drop. Of the remaining sis as the defining moment in the CFCs by mid-decade, says Gary 20%, says McManus, "most goes to re- electronics industry's environmental Burke, SCCMG president. And that's cycling," leaving just a fraction to be education. The industry mobilized agood thing, given reports in Octo- sent to alandfill. swiftly when, in 1987, the world's ber that ozone depletion is far more To get such sharp cutbacks requires governments set an international widespread than previously be- a constant rethinking of manufacturing deadline of 2000 for eliminating this lieved, and accelerating faster than processes in which green issues are fac- ozone-depleting class of chemical. anticipated. If the United Nations ne- tored into the equation alongside the "It helped turn the big ship," says gotiates an earlier global ban—a step traditional cost, yield, and throughput Dan Bartosh, the green manager at it is considering—the electronics in- considerations. 'We see environmental Texas Instruments Inc. in Dallas. "It dustry will not be caught with its [issues], health, and safety—all three— galvanized the industry." pants down. as part of our overall quality picture," Through seminars, workshops, Water-based cleaning and no McManus says. "An employee accident the Industry Cooperative for Ozone cleaning at all—a solution that de- or injury, or an emission to the environ- Layer Protection, even a computer mands either low-solid fluxes, which ment, is adefect in the system." bulletin board called "Ozone Net." leave behind no residue, or conduc- Some companies resist tinkering tive adhesives to with their manufacturing processes—if replace solder- it ain't broke, don't fix it. But for others, FREE OF CFCs ing—are the two environmentalism offers a new handle 1991 methods most on manufacturing efficiencies, just as widely used for quality did adecade ago. One small ex- 1992 - printed-circuit ample: 3M's Electronic Products Divi- boards. Both can sion in Columbia, Mo., installed a de- 1993 - save money, if canter system to distill wastewater and only by eliminat- recycle solvents used in one process. ing the need to 1994 - The system cost $4,000 but saved buy costly clean- $3,100 the first year on solvent purchasing chemicals. es and kept sewer discharges within 1995 - At Intel Corp., limits, averting asubstantial expenditure for example, for awastewater treatment facility. green manager "Any company that's going to com- Terry McManus pete in high technology is looking at reports that re- input into the process as well as the out- configuring the put," says Burke of the SCCMG, an in- manufacturing dustry organization that numbers ea line for aqueous among its 110 members most of the Sil- Telecom Intel IBM Hewlett- Tosh cleaning has in- icon Valley electronics concerns. "The Packard, creased through- Texas Instruments concept is embraced by every company put. The no- out here. It's an ongoing product-cost- clean approach engineering process." By 1995, in advance of international deadlines, shaves the final But it's aprocess that gets increasingly most electronics firms will have banned CFC use. step off the manu- complex as more and more substances facturing cycle, come under environmental scrutiny. 'We companies have freely shared meth- saving time and money at Apple are really at adead mn all the time" to ods of coping with the need to sud- Computer Inc., Apple says. meet current and emerging goals, says denly replace CFCs, which are used But some believe CFCs represent Dan Bartosh, manager of environment, for cleaning and other tasks in a a unique situation and not amodel health, safety, and energy at Texas Instru- wide range of electronics produc- for future action. Given the clear and ments Inc. in Dallas. For example, the tion. The result: a drop in CFC use present danger of CFCs, pressure federal Environmental Protection Agency and near deadlines for their ban. was high to ban them, says Terry recently asked 600 U.S. companies—in- The Santa Clara County Manufac- Foeke, president of the Waste Re- cluding some of the biggest electronics turing Group recently issued areport duction Institute in Minneapolis. "I producers—to voluntarily cut emissions on chemical releases that showed don't think similar arguments are of 17 toxic substances including such CFC emissions by 25 member com- going to be makeable for other sub- metals as nickel, cadmium, mercury, and panies had declined 78% between stances. It's not often that indusrly is lead. The goal is a33% cutback by 1992 1987 and 1990, and that figure is rep- going to have such a powerful and a50°A drop by 1995. resentative of cutbacks by the indus- sword hanging over them."—JD. Those substances are in addition to 300 chemicals that the nation's largest ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 44 GenRad is about to change your thinking about low-cost board test

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CIRCLE 185 companies must track and report. The the regulatory net. In compiling its Tox- EPA compiles the data in its Toxics Re- ics Release Inventory, for example, the lease Inventory, and environmentalists DEBITS INTO EPA requires reporting only by compa- say the very act of reporting is apower- nies releasing at least 10,000 pounds of ful tool for getting cutbacks. "Compa- emissions. Now, says Foeke, Minnesota nies are more conscious of their use of CREDITS regulates every outfit "that generates chemicals [because of it]," says Burke. In a recent survey of California even a molecule of waste—and that's Burke's group publishes its own compi- executives, 41% of the respon- the direction it's going [everywhere]." lation of releases by members, and this dents cited environmental overregu- Small companies are pressured as year found that discharges of the 37 lation as one of the reasons for ex- well by their customers. "Many of the chemicals measured (including CFCs; panding abusiness out of state rather [smaller films] are suppliers to bigger see p. 44) declined 74% since 1987. than in. Indeed, the conventional companies, so it's almost impossible to Besides consciousness-raising, the wisdom is that going green is bur- not be aware" of green engineering, Toxics Release Inventory affects busi- densome, costly, adrag on business. says Burke. Intel, for example, has envi- nesses in other ways. Activist groups an- But it need not be, says Tom ronmental guidelines for the production alyze the EPA data and publicize the re- Zosel, manager of pollution preven- equipment it buys, and convinced sults, listing which companies are the tion programs at 3M Co. in St. Paul, SEMI—the equipment-makers' trade biggest polluters. Large investors—such Minn. Vanquishing pollution group—to adopt them, says McManus. as those running pension funds—are through source reduction, recycling, All these factors will conspire to starting to use such data in considering and the reformulation of processes make the greening of American indus- whether to put their money into acom- "can have distiria business benefits," try amore urgent goal for awider range pany's stock, says Intel's McManus. Zosel says, and "you can do it on ba- of companies—a goal that's a moving The new EPA initiative is alarge hint sically no budget." The key: top target. "These changes that they're mak- that metals are fast joining chemicals in the management must be committed ing [now] are simply process engineer- regulatory parade. "I think the metals and must set up astructure so every ing, good common sense," says Foeke. problem is going to be areal stickler for employee understands that pollution "Many companies were overdue to the electronics industry," says Terry prevention is part of the job. look at their processes," and once they Foeke, president of the Waste Reduction 3M gets big annual savings—$30 did, they found "process efficiencies be- Institute, a nonprofit Minneapolis group million to $40 million—largely from yond their wildest dreams. But the gut- that works with companies on toxic- small, innovative changes suggested wrenching changes are still to come." waste problems. Ornic solvents and by employees, who might be re- For example, he asks, how will com- metals, he says, are found "across all waste warded with cash, acertcate, or a panies respond if the new equipment trxcluns. [Soon] you just won't be able to dinner with the president, Zosel says. they install for reducing toxics at the dispose of some of this stuff:" In some Line workers who know a process source is difficult to operate and thus places, says Foeke, "local limits on metals inside out can often find cheaper, demands more highly skilled, higher- and organics in the water-waste stream are environmentally friendly ways of paid employees? What if ascheme that incredibly tight. And they're about to take getting the job done. One example: seemed promising in R&D bombs out anosedive" actos the bawd. people at one 3M plant suggested in manufacturing? Suppose a customer Indeed, the industry can see the writ- using pumice slurry—which gener- wants a high-risk process that runs ing on the wall, says TI's Bartosh. At ates nonhazardous, landfillable counter to a company's environmental one point, he says, TI was planning to waste—to clean copper plates in- policy but promises a big short-term make a device with a mercury switch. stead of an acid bath, which pro- profie "They may decide to go on with Even though safeguards had been in- duces toxic waste. the emissions and eat the disposal cost," corrxwated to deal with the mercury, Inventory control is another ap- Foeke says. 'We're very early in the which showed up on the EPA's new hit proach, Zosel says; overpurchasing scheme, and all these things are just list, Bartash says the finn redid the de- often means dumping excess, un- starting to ripple out." sign using steel balls instead. With envi- used chemicals. "That's something For all of that, Foeke pronounces ronmental concerns now firmly en- any company can implement, yet himself optimistic about the future. 'We trenched in product planning, says there's a lot that haven't looked at have finally got the right people out Bartosh, "you go through those kinds of just-in-time manufacturing." there doing the innovating," he says. scenarios constantly." Smaller companies should also "I've really seen a sea change in that Beyond metals regulation, Foeke take advantage of technology transfer, way of thinking." sees the environmental impetus shifting Zosel says. Professional groups spon- And the electronics industry is well- from waste and its disposal to how ft)x- sor meetings, and green managers at positioned for the next green wave, ics are used upfront. "We're still pretty laie companies will often share infor- says Intel's McManus. "We are used to concentrated on waste, the back end of mation, especially with a supplier. change, and therefore to go in and say the system," he says. "What's going to Also, 7nsel says, many state Environ- 'we need to do it differently' is not as build is use: [employee] health and safe- mental Protection Agencies now have big adeal as it is in other industries that ty issues will drive people from whole Technology Assistance Programs de- are locked into World War II technolo- classes of chemistry." Another trend, he signed to "assist small to midsize com- gy. The industry is more adaptable— says, is stricter regulation of smaller panies" in prevention. —Ji). it's what we're used to doing in the companies, some of which now escape marketplace." 01

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HARTING ELEKTRONIK GmbH •P.O. Box 1140 •W-4992 Espelkamp Germany •Telephone 05772/47-0 •Fax 05772/47-462 Telex 972310-14 he d CO 1NG IN 1993: EUROPE'S COM UNITY PATENT JUST ONE APPLICATION OPENS THE WAY TO APATENT THAT'S VALID THROUGHOUT THE SINGLE MARKET

hen the Single Market be- WHO'S GETTING companies and inventors will have four comes a reality on Jan. 1, options for getting their inventions W 1993, Western Europe will be PATENTS? patented outside their home market. a region that statesmen, fi- First, they can apply for a national nanciers, business executives, and engi- patent in any European country in neering managers have long yearned which they want to do business. Sec- for: aderegulated market with no trade ond, companies can seek an interna- barriers among countries, a continent tional patent in any of the 49 countries with common industry (including European ones) that are PATENTS standards and where peo- members of the Patent Cooperation ple, goods, and capital move freely Treaty, which comes under the auspices across national borders. Such aEurope of the Geneva-based World Intellectual is now in the making, at least for the 12 Property Organization. Third, they can countries that form the European Com- apply for the European Patent and, last- munity. It will also bring something ly, go after the new Community Patent. new in the field of patents. The major difference between the The Community Patent, slated for in- European and the Community Patents troduction also on Jan. 1, 1993, will is that the latter will be atruly suprana- complement the existing European tional industrial property right, confer- Patent, which has been around for the ii ng uniform protection in all member past 13 years. The Community Patent countries and transferrable or revocable will be issued on the basis of asingle only unitarily. The European Patent, on application and unified grant proce- the other hand, is effectively anational dure, yet it protects an invention or in- patent in each country for which it is tellectual property in the 15 countries granted, and the protection it confers is that are members of the European limited to that country's territory. Patent Organization (EPO). It will be The sole body to process applica- valid in EC countries and afew non-EC tions and grant Community Patents will nations that are members of the organi- be the EPO in Munich, Germany, with zation and have ratified the Community its branch in The Hague, the Nether- Patent Convention. lands, and suboffices in Berlin and Vi- U.S. companies intent on doing busi- enna (see p. 50). This means that appli- ness in the single-market Europe are cants will be dealing with a single likely to benefit from the Community authority instead of anumber of nation- Patent. Perhaps its prime advantage is in al patent offices. providing asolid basis for business de- Understandably, one of the prime cisions on investments and licensing. In proponents of the Community Patent is addition, there's the lower cost stem- Europe's industry. Why? It offers com- ming from asingle application, aspecial panies and inventors three basic advan- boon to small and medium-size firms tages: simplicity, economy, and legal with limited resources. For them, the safety. "It's simple, because asingle ap- Community Patent is a relatively inex- plication in just one language opens the pensive tool for gaining access to the way to a patent that's valid virtually potentially lucrative European market. FILINGS WITH EUROPEAN throughout West Europe," says Rainer With the advent of the Community PATENT OFFICE (1990) Osterwalder, spokesman for the EPO in Patent, U.S. and other non-European SOURCE: EPO Munich. As for economy, getting a

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 48 NICE and simple math exposes the myth of ST-NIC.

It doesn't take amathematical wizard to see the superiority controller, it offers substantially greater system performance of the NICE Ethernet solution from the Advanced Products for user applications— by freeing CPU and memory band- Division of Fujitsu Microelectronics. We think the numbers width. Fact is, benchmarks and customers report up speak for themselves. to 33% higher performance over competitors' con- Our NICE solution, for example, requires far fewer trollers. Quite an edifying statistic, don't you think? ICs than ST-NIC'S' so-called single-chip solution- And, unlike other available solutions, NICE has 7vs. 18.* And that means fewer passive components been designed to fully comply with Ethernet as well. Making Ethernet LAN board design easier. standards— ensuring international interoperability. Faster. And more cost effective than ever before. And that's no myth. Then, add on another factor— that NICE products are For more enlightening tacts, here's one more NICE competitively priced—and systems desgners number: 1-800-866-8608. Or call your local clearly have aproven formula. sales office for our NICE Designer Kits. And What's more, the fewer the parts, the discover the world's most advanced, highly- smaller the size—and the lower the power integrated, cost-effective Ethernet solution — consumption. All of paramount importance FUJI TSU the NICE family of high-performance products for motherboard applications. from Fujitsu. Because all it takes to expose Plus, because NICE is ahighly automated Delivering the Creative Advantage. alittle myth is alittle math.

FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS, INC., Advanced Products Division. 77 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134-1807. Ph: 408-456-1161 Fax: 408-943-9293. FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS ASIA FITE LTD. (Head Office, Singapore): Ph: 65-336-1600 Fax: 65-336-1609. HONG KONG SAI FS OFC: Ph: 862-723-0393 Fax: 852-721-6555. TAIPEI SALES OFC: Ph: 886-2-757-6548 Fax: 886-2-757-6571. JAPAN SALES OFC: Ph: 81-3-3216-3211 .'ax: 81-3-3216-9771. (ML CORP. (Rep., Korea): Ph: 82-2-588-2011 Fax: 82-2-588-2017. PACIFIC MICROELECTRONICS, En LTD., (Rep., Australia): Ph: 61-2-481-0065 Fax: 61-2-484-4460. FUJITSU MIKROELEKTRONIK limbH (Dteieich-Buchschlag, Germany): Ph: 06103-6900 Fax 06103-690122. NICE is aregistered trademark of Fujitsu Microelectronics, Inc. ST-NIC is atrademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. 'Reference rec app note DPMEB-ATE 1/91.

CIRCLE 190 Community Patent granted will cost less than seeking patent protection in, say, three countries separately. THE EPO POWERHOUSE Legal safety enters the mix because unded in 1977, the European should be filed—are English, French, the new patent is granted only after an Patent Office now employs and German. extensive search of a data bank that about 3.700 people, roughly 1,700 at Headed by the Swiss-born lawyer now contains information on some 26 its Munich headquarters, 1,700 at its Paul Braendli, the EPO is an au- million documents. (Some countries branch in The Hague, the Nether- tonomous body, financing itself exclu- issue national patents after a cursory lands, and the remainder at the Berlin sively from income generated by pro- search, and very often it turns out that and Vienna suboffices. Half of the em- cedural and patent-renewal fees. these patents do not suit markets other ployees are patent examiners, all with When it was founded, the EPO ex- than their home market.) an academic background and most pected the number of patent applica- The Community Patent and the EPO with advanced degrees in the natural tions to peak at an annual 30:000 with- will also generate what Osterwalder sciences. They are supported by 80 in afew years and then level off, says calls a "fallout benefit." The unitary lawyers. And starting in January 1993, spokesman Rainer Osterwalder. But in patent information policy, as well as the when Europe's new Community 1990, the agency's 13th year, the num- EPO's enormous resources in data pro- Patent takes effect, this organization ber exceeded 62,000. Since 1982, ap- cessing, will not only speed up patent will be command central for the Euro- plications rose between 12% and 15% searches but also help reduce the in- pean Community's patent activity. a year, and Osterwalder thinks the dustry's duplication of development ef- Not surprisingly, the EPO goes all number will hit 100,000 by 2000. forts. According to EC sources in Brus- sels, reinventions cost the continent's industry between $18 billion and $24 billion a year. "That waste of money and engineering resources must be cut," Osterwalder declares.

urope's patent organization is Estructured very much like many democratic, three-branch governments in the West. The legislative branch is the Administrative Council in Munich—it ap- proves the budget and amends rules and regulations relating to patent fees. Consti- tuting the executive branch is the EPO as it examines applications and grants the patents. Still to come is the judicial branch, a central European court—the Community Patents Appeals Court, or This office building in Munich, Germany, houses the European Patent Copac—which will decide litigation on Organization, which will administer the Community Patent. infringements and validity of Community Patents and ensure that the provisions of out for data-processing systems. The Globally, about 80% of all inven- the European patent conventions are organization spends an average of S47 tions are registered at the worlds three uniformly applied. Copec will most like- million a year for everything from major patent offices—the U.S. Patents ly be located in Luxembourg. giant computers and software to per- and Trademarks Office, the Japanese Patent experts at European compa- sonal computers on workers' desks, Patent Office, and the EPO. In 1983, nies are very much in favor of the Com- which they use to access the data these agencies embarked on an active munity Patent. "With the granting of stored in 26 million documents. program of cooperation that now en- patents, checking for their validity, and The EPO is a truly international compasses 18 projects. the legal processes involved all being in body. Indeed, when you walk down Among them are automating one hand makes it much easier for a the aisles of the stark, 10-story head- patent search and paperwork, and es- company," says Hermann Reichel, an quarters building that sprawls along tablishing and exploiting computer executive in the patents department of the banks of the Isar River in Munich, data bases containing the core of the Intennetall GmbH in Freiburg, Ger- you can tell by the many different lan- world's technical information. One im- many. Indeed, "It will considerably sim- guages spoken that you are in some portant cooperative goal is auniform plify the administrative tasks involved cosmopolitan world. As one official application and patent grant proce- and all but do away with the need for observes, you can hear people curse dure. So far, agreement has already patent lawyers," says Hans Goldrian of in Danish, flirt in Italian, complain in been reached on what information Siemens AG's patent department in Mu- Dutch, argue in German, and cajole in and codes the first page of an applica- nich. Goldrian also points to the advan- Spanish. The official languages—the tion form should contain, according to tages of having asingle appeals court. ones in which Community Patents Osterwalder.—J.G. Some in the industry have mixed

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CIRCLE 201 feelings about the Community Patent, ket with its 320 million consumes. It now takes 44 months to get aEuro- however. "Conceptually, we welcome And the patent club is still growing. pean Patent, but "with the Community the idea of having asingle patent cover- Portugal will become the 16th member Patent we hope the piot..b will take sub- ing all of the Common Market and grant- on Jan. 1, 1992, and Ireland has agreed stantially less," Osterwalder says. But even ing uniformly defined rights to appli- to join as well (its government must still the new process can't compare with the cants," says Knud Schulte, European ratify the agreement). Finland, Cyprus, speed of patent practice in the U.S., where patent counsel at Hewlett-Packard Co. in and Yugoslavia have observer status it takes 18 to 24 months, the EPO says. Bffilingen, Germany. 'We also appreci- and may also join, as may Iceland and If the number of applications filed by ate the establishment of Copac, the com- Malta. "The club is open to everyone in the country of origin is any yardstick for mon appeals courts." measuring technologi- However, Schulte cal prowess, then points out that "obtain- Western Europe does ing patent protection in not stack up too well all countries rather than compared with the a few of them under US. and Japan. Of the the older European 62,778 patent applica- Patent Convention tions that the EPO re- would not justify the ceived last year, 17,152 filing of ahigh number came from the US. and of translations, nor the 12,407 from Japan payment of excessive These two coun- annual patent renewal tries' total of 29,559 ap- fees to each country." plications came dose The issue of trans- to the number of ap- lating a patent into plications-30,627— every language spoken filed by EPO countries in the EC is a political in Western Europe one; each country is (whose population is eager to have patents bigger than that of the published in its own U.S. and about three language. The EPO is times that of Japan). working to resolve this Taking a look at Eu- problem. It is also rope, the three major working on fees, which applicant countries last have yet to be deter- year were Germany, mined. The agency THE 15 EPO MEMBERS with 12,605 filings; wants to come up with a Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Fiance, with 4,909; and formula that takes into Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, the UK, with 3,722. account the size of vari- Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK: a market of 350 million. The idea of a com- ous countries and other mon European patent factors. As regards patent protection in all Europe," Osterwalder says, "and that in- has been along time coming. Plans date countries, if acompany objects to that, it cludes the former East-bloc countries." to 1949, when aproposal for establish- still has the option of applying for the Eu- Three of them—Hungary, Poland, and ing a European patent office was sub- ropean Patent, which gives protection Czechoslovakia—have expressed an in- mitted to the Council of Europe. Years only in countries the company chooses. terest. These nations, however, must of meetings and conventions produced For its pail; the EPO thinks that U.S. first fulfill certain requirements: their no concrete results until December films will take to the Community Patent, patent legislation must be compatible 1975, when the EC, then numbering and bases its optimism on the experience with the EPO's, and they must have an nine countries, agreed on a common it has gained with the European Patent. open-market economy and ademocrat- patent. But political differences and cer- The rate of increase of applications by ic form of government. tain flaws in the agreement prevented U.S. films is much higher than it is for Eu- The procedure for drawing up and the accord from becoming effective. Re- ropean companies, an EPO official says. filing aCommunity Patent application is newed efforts at aconference in Luxem- He sees no reason why it should be dif- identical to that for the European Patent. bourg in December 1985 achieved only ferent with the Community Patent Mist, however, the patent must meet partial success. The final details weren't The 15 member states of Europe's three criteria. It must constitute anovel- hammered out until December 1989. patent organization are Austria, Belgium, ty (an invention is considered "new" For the Eurocrats, the Community Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, only if it does not represent state of the Patent marks another step toward the Sin- Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the ait); reveal an inventive step or new gle Market As industry observers see it, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, principle (one that's not obvious to a the new patent should help create atruly and the UK These nations constitute a skilled person); and be industrially ap- European technological community while market with more than 350 million people, plicable. Once granted, apatent is valid establishing abetter basis for exploiting which makes it bigger than the Single Mar- for 20 yews. and enfoiting patents in Europe. 01 ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 52 Name Electronics Title READER SERVICE CARD Company Name 12 /9 1/490 REE Company Address TELEPHONE NUMBER City/State/Zip VFORMAT1ON CIRCLE NUMBERS FOR MORE INFORMATION 1 21 41 61 81 101 121 141 161 181 201 221 241 261 281 301 321 806 2 22 42 62 82 102 122 142 162 182 202 222 242 262 282 302 322 807 Check your one principal job function. 3 23 43 63 83 103 123 143 163 183 203 223 243 263 283 303 323 808 01 LI Corporate & Operating Mgt. 4 24 44 64 84 104 124 144 164 184 204 224 244 264 284 304 324 809 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 285 305 325 810 07 El Engineering Mgt. 6 26 46 66 86 106 126 146 166 186 206 226 246 266 286 306 326 811 03 U Manufacturing Mgr. 7 27 47 127 67 87 107 147 167 187 207 227 247 267 287 307 327 812 04 LI Purchasing Mgt. 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 248 268 288 308 328 813 05 U Marketing & Sales Mgt. 9 29 49 69 89 109 129 149 169 189 209 229 249 269 289 309 329 814 se this card to 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 815 ceive free information 11 31 51 71 91 111 131 151 171 191 211 231 251 271 291 311 331 816 How many people are employed 12 32 52 72 92 112 132 152 172 192 212 232 252 272 292 312 332 817 in your entire organization? r1 the products 13 33 53 73 93 113 133 153 173 193 213 233 253 273 293 313 333 818 14 34 54 74 94 114 134 154 174 194 214 234 254 274 294 314 334 819 1 10,000 or more .atured in this issue. 15 35 55 75 95 115 135 155 175 195 215 235 255 275 295 315 335 820 2 L 1,000-9,999 16 36 56 76 96 116 136 156 176 196 216 236 256 276 296 316 801 821 3 E3 100-999 17 37 57 77 97 117 137 157 177 197 217 237 257 277 297 317 802 822 4 LI Less than 100 18 38 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 318 803 823 19 39 59 79 99 119 139 159 179 199 219 239 259 279 299 319 804 824 20 40 60 80 00 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 805 825

Name Electronics READER SERVICE CARD Title

Company Name 12/91/490 REE Company Address TELEPHONE NUMBER City/State/Zip YFORMAT1ON CIRCLE NUMBERS FOR MORE INFORMATION 1 21 41 61 81 101 121 141 161 181 201 221 241 261 281 301 321 806 2 22 42 62 82 102 122 142 162 182 202 222 242 262 282 302 322 807 Check your one principal job function. 3 23 43 63 83 103 123 143 163 183 203 223 243 263 283 303 323 808 01 L Corporate & Operating Mgt. 4 24 44 64 84 104 124 144 164 184 204 224 244 264 284 304 324 809 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 285 305 325 810 07 U Engineering Mgt. 6 26 46 66 86 106 126 146 166 186 206 226 246 266 286 306 326 811 03 E Manufacturing Mgr. 7 27 47 67 87 107 127 147 167 187 207 227 247 267 287 307 327 812 04 El Purchasing Mgt. 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 248 268 288 308 328 813 05 E Marketing & Sales Mgt. 9 29 49 69 89 109 129 149 169 189 209 229 249 269 289 309 329 814 se this card to 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 815 ?ceive free information 11 31 51 71 91 111 131 151 171 191 211 231 251 271 291 311 331 816 How many people are employed 12 32 52 72 92 112 132 152 172 192 212 232 252 272 292 312 332 817 in your entire organization? r1 the products 13 33 53 73 93 113 133 153 173 193 213 233 253 273 293 313 333 818 14 34 54 74 94 114 134 154 174 194 214 234 254 274 294 314 334 819 1 L 10,000 or more , atured in this issue. 15 35 55 75 95 115 135 155 175 195 215 235 255 275 295 315 335 820 2 E 1,000-9,999 16 36 56 76 96 116 136 156 176 196 216 236 256 276 296 316 801 821 3 E 100-999 17 37 57 77 97 117 137 157 177 197 217 237 257 277 297 317 802 822 4 U Less than 100 18 38 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 318 803 823 19 39 59 79 99 119 139 159 179 199 219 239 259 279 299 319 804 824 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 805 825

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COMMUNICATIONS MEMORY 178 -Anritsu—As ISDN creates new 192 -T. White—Megabit memories as possibilities, the need for Anritsu mea- big as your imagination. surement capabilities is greater than ever. 190 -Fujitsu—It doesn't take a mathe- matical wizard to see the superiority of the NICE Ethernet solution from Fujitsu POWER DEVICES Microelectronics' Advanced Products 211 -Abbott—Mil-pac high-density mili- Division. tary power supplies now ac to dc; actual output 20 W. 205 -Vicor—Component solutions for COMPONENTS your power system. 206 -Pico—High-voltage dc-to-dc converters. 206 -Pico—Ultraminiature dc-dc converter transformers with power levels • 365 Standard Models up to 40 W. SEMICONDUCTORS • Single, Dual & Triple Output 182 -AEG—As both end user and lead- • Remote Disable Pin Standard ing supplier of microelectronics, we • Up to 100V DC Output now CONNECTORS know what end users want. Standard 172 -AMP—.050 center line stackers: 203 -TRW—With TRW's video en- • 500V DC Isolated Input to coder, anyone can produce profession- close, closer, closest. Output 197 -Harting—Once again, Harting in- al videos without Hollywood budgets. • All Units Shielded novation and support are to be seen in development and standardization of a high-density, multipin, hard metric con- MIL-STD-883 UPGRADES nector system. AVAILABLE TEST & MEASUREMENT 185 -GenRad—We are about to change • Expanded operating temp. your thinking about low-cost board (-55°C to +85°C) COPIERS test. • No Heat Sink Required 4 -Canon—The NP 1500, a new worry- 180 -Hewlett-Packard—When quality • Stabilization Bake free copier for those who have enough depends on calibration, you can de- (125°C ambient) to worry about. pend on HP. • Temperature Cycle (— 55°C to + /25°C) 217 -Hewlett-Packard—HP 3070 high- performance board test systems can • Hi temp., full power burn in (100% power, 125°C case INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY help you win the race against time. temp.) 227 -EDS—Managing your information 201 -National Instruments—More to help you find the time to concentrate choices, more answers for data acquisi- on your business and your strategic tion and instrument control. PICO also manufactures over 850 plans for the future. 219/220 -Photo Research—(219 for standard DC-DC converters and over 2500 ultra-miniature transformers, salesperson; 220 for literature) Perform inductors and new AC-DC power supplies. NIST-traceable, spectrally based photo- metric and colorirnetric measurements. LICENSING 209 -Programmed Test Sources—Look- 97S4E e. keiti 214 -Western Design Center—The mi- Delivery— ing for a low-noise, fast-switching sig- croprocessor and license to create your stock to nal source? Seneri e994 ». own industry. one week Fe el dire° Ses 223 -Tektronix—The prototype doesn't Co c tfo r etwog work? A complete line of scopes, logic analyzers, and signal sources that can PICO MICROWAVE COMPONENTS quickly get to the core of your proto- 187 -Avantek—RF, microwave compo- type's problems. Electronics, Inc. nents across the communications spec- 199 -Teradyne—Now you can test the 453 N. MacC)uesten Pkwy. Mt. Vernon, N.Y. 10552 trum with no waiting: Avantek delivers theory that boundary scan is a break- Call Toll Free 800-431-1064 today. through. IN NEW YORK CALL 914-699-5514

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 CIRCLE 206 53 TOM CAMPBELL SPEAKS OUT CAPITAL FORMATION: THE HIGH-TECH KEY

hen the subject of enhancing U.S. high- ed was the United States. That is no longer true. If tech competitiveness arises in Washing- you have agood idea, take it to Germany, and W ton, the debate tends to be misfocused. your long-term capital gains will be taxed at 0%. The talk usually centers around the Take it to Japan, and your capital gains will be pros and cons of an "industrial policy"—whether taxed at 5%. Or keep it in America, and you will government should favor one particular industry IN GERMANY, be rewarded with a28% top tax rate on your cap- over another. What we should be focusing on is ital gain. It is no wonder investments in U.S. com- what industry itself emphasizes over and over: re- CAPITAL panies are lagging. And contrary to the ill-founded ducing the cost of capital. To make capital more GAINS ARE claims of opponents, acapital-gains tax cut would affordable, we must eliminate our huge federal not increase the deficit. Past evidence indicates budget deficit and cut the capital gains tax. TAXED AT 0%; that areduction similar to the one the President Government funding for basic research in high- has proposed would actually increase government tech fields can improve the state of U.S. competi- IN JAPAN, THE revenue by spurring new investments and causing tiveness. But the amount of money the federal the turnover of many existing investments. government can devote to R&D is relatively small; RATE IS 5%. As important as deficit and capital-gains tax re- to add afew government dollars to the pool of duction are to U.S. competitiveness, one would available resources is only to dance around the IN THE U.S. hope they rank at the top of Congress's agenda. periphery of our competitiveness problem. Unfortunately, efforts toward both goals face sig- The bill currently in the forefront of congres- IT'S 28%. nificant roadblocks. Two years ago, prospects for sional debate authorizes $1 billion acapital gains cut were bright. In large part be- over three years to promote re- cause of strong encouragement from President search and commercialization of Bush, the House passed acut, and more than half new technologies. Compare that the members of the Senate vowed to vote for a $1 billion to the tens of billions of similar proposal. But through atechnical provision dollars of new investment acapi- under which less than amajority of the Senate— tal-gains tax reduction would stimu- only 40 Senators can keep amatter from avote, late—or to the $600 billion of invest- the Senate Democratic leadership killed the plan. ment capital swallowed up by our The President's recent indications that he will federal budget deficit over the past three renew his push for acapital-gains tax cut provides years. Granted, aportion of that $600bil- some hope, but he will have to overcome signifi- lion has been reinvested productive- cant opposition in Congress. ly, but not as productively as it Hopes for real deficit reduction, too, have would have been had it fallen victim to procedural obstacles. been left for private capital Congress has established asystem whereby, markets. The money the politically, it is much easier to cater to the government took by bor- special interest desires than hold the line on rowing would have been spending. More than 24 times last year used much more wisely alone', the House rejected attempts to and efficiently by the hold spending to just the previous year's private sector. level. Tools such as the line-item veto The deficit is the and abalanced budget amendment to biggest single issue we the Constitution would help, but face. Accumulated fed- Congress lacks the will to enact even eral borrowing has those procedural changes. taken some $3 trillion Making capital more affordable is in capital away from the single most important action we investors. That's $3 can take to ensure America will remain trillion that could have the world economic leader into the 21st been invested in semi- century. Lowering the deficit and reducing conductor manufactur- the tax on capital gains are two impor- ing, biotechnology, or su- tant first steps. Those items belong at perconductor research. the top of Congress's agenda. There once was a day MM CAMPBELL, aRepublican, when the only place in the ferments California's 12th Dis- world where risk would be reward- trict, including Silicon Valley.

ELECTRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 54 PEYTON CONTINUES COMMITMENT TO RECYCLING

Penton Publishing's Camera Department started recycling chemicals from film wastewater 25 years ago... long before the ecologically-smart idea was widely recognized.

For almost as many years, the Penton Press Division has been recycling scrap paper, obsolete inventory, and printing press waste materials. In 1991, Penton Press will recycle some 5500 tons of paper, 9 tons of aluminum plates, and 3 tons of scrap film nega- tives. Furthermore, the Press Division has invested $500,000 in air pollution control equipment.

Company-wide, the recycling spirit has spread from Cleveland headquarters to offices throughout the country. Penton employees are enthusiastic participants in expanding programs to re-use paper, aluminum cans, and other waste materials.

Penton Publishing believes these practices make a significant quality-of-life difference for people today... and will help create a safer, healthier environment for generations to come.

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DISPLAY UNITS PARTZ for P.O.S. Systems, 1 VOLTAGE SELECTABLE The Complete Engineering/Purchasing Computers, Wicket INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM Windows, Equipments, etc. Database Manager for Electronic and Electro/Mechanical Manufacturers Runs on your PC or Compatible FEATURES: BIM 3 --- . •Automatic Checking for Duplicate Entries • Electronic Buy Cards, or • Continuous Form Computer Buy Cards (forms available) • Simple to Use -Function Key Driven Z-UNE TPC 884 • Creates Physical as well as aComputer Parts Book The TPC, avoltage-selectable power distribution • Deluxe Version Includes: and control system, can have either 120 or 240 Starter Catalog Rack Parts Book volt input and output. Designed with IEC-, UL-, Organized System with 8 Libraries Preprogrammed CSA- and VDE- approved components, operating into system -Perfect for start-ups up to 16 amps in Europe and 20 amps in North Classified/Random ports system -Combines best Stand-alone, attractive units with serial or parallel inter- America. Size: 19.0" x 1.75" x7.0". EMI/RFI features of both systems Conventions are designed for all common electronic filtering, spike/surge suppression and overload aces, bright green display, 1or 2lines of 8, 6, or 20 and electro/mechanical manufacturers curcuit breaker protection are standard. Remote characters. Scroll, line blink, Msg. MEM, pass-through on/off is optional. features. Can be mounted on equipment or poles. • Standard Version Includes: Software for use with your numbering system Inquiries from overseas distributors are also welcome! Pulizzi Engineering, Inc. 3260 S.S usan St., Advanced Digital Machines Ltd. 610 McMurray Road, Waterloo, ettila S94tem4 Santa Ana, CA 92714 Ontario N2V 2E7 Canada Ç3P.O. 801 Green Valley Station 714/540-4229 FAX :714/641-9062 Tel (519) 888-6811 Fax (519) 888-6256 Saugus, CA 91 350 PULIZZI ENGINEERING CIRCLE 129 ADVANCED DIGITAL MACHINES CIRCLE 114 CHABLIS SYSTEMS CIRCLE 112 DIRECT CONNECTION ADS

Analog Circuit Simulation Power Supplies, Amplifiers and Meters SPICE FOR THE PC (XT, AT, 386, 486)

•In Geld Broad range of easy-to- SFr trld nr:r-- Lam use instrumentation fit Scree reàee• — 7 including adjustable DC l• Label ru Power Supplies, Amplifiers SCHEMATIC CAPTURE TO PCB LAYOUTS 6795 in small in-line modules Before buying P-CAD .PADS -2000, PROTEL, etc you owe it sex LAM. and miniature chip pack- SIZI yourself to check out our End-to-End ONE SYSTEM Solution. ages, 3 and 4Digit Compare Specs for yourself... Panel and Handheld GUARANTEED to out-perform other PC based systems costing much more Meters, as well as with Superior Analog, SMT & Digital features such as: • Integrated Schematic Capture 8. 2 Sided SMT support (Not an add-on). complete rack mounted • Integrated 2-D Drawing editor for mechanical. Outline, lab. etc dwgs. •Schematic Entry •SPICE Simulation Signal Conditioners. • Design PCB from ahost of Nelist formats, or on the fly without anelist. •Model Libraries •Waveform Graphics Many available from • Untld gods, pads &trace sizes: GND plane shapes, 1in resolution etc ▪ Curved & straight traces. Parts. Blocks, etc rotation in 1° increments. intusoft has it all at an Affordable Price! "OFF-THE-SHELF" stock. • Forward & Backward annotabon. On-line ORO SCH/PCB ditf, check etc INTEGRATED, EASY TO USE EMULATION ENVIRONMENT, FEATURING: • Dynamic EMS memory support (Not 640K Limited) for large designs. A powerful SPICE (IsSeics) simulator performing AC,DC , • User definable Menus. Keys. S Macros: Gerber d Laser plots included. Transient, Noise, Fourier, Distortion. Sensitivity, Monte Carlo, ▪ choice 013 optional powerful Autrouters assures 100% completion. and Temperature analyses, Extensive model libraries., ENTRAN DEVICES, INC. FULL FUNCTION evaluabon package with over 850 pages of well Schematic entry, and Waveform processing. Starting at $95 for illustrated manuals (5 books) for $75 (USA & CANADA ONLY) I'S PICE, complete systems are available for $890. 10 Washington Avenue, Fairfield, NJ 07004 ,30 (45 intl.) days Money back Guarantee. Call Or Write For w"w. INTERACTIVE CAD SYSTEMS TOUT Free Demo and M P.C› Box 710 San Pedro, 2352 Rambo Cr, Santa Clara, CA 95054 Information Kit! intusoft CA 90733-0710 CALL TOLL FREE (800) 635-0650 Call: (408) 970-0852 Fax: (408) 986-0524 Tel. 213-833-0710 Fax 213-833-9658 Fax 210/227-6865 INTERACTIVE CAD SYSTEMS CIRCLE 168 INTUSOFT CIRCLE 117 ENTRAN DEVICES, INC. CIRCLE 140

SPOTLIGHT: DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT•

Finally. attendees determined the most impressive product of the show was CAD Software's PADS. Each vendnyg, PEA INews 690 Woe on CAD Showcbtere Results PADS SETS THE STANDARD for CAE/CAD design on Personal Computers Complete thru-put logic capture and board design functionality including: •A true multi-sheet database for Schematic capture with hierarchical design capability TODD Switching MSC Power Supplies • Both automatic and interactive PCB layout tools for Mass Storage. Quick, Fast Socket Conversion • Most complete set of autorouters for Analog. Digital and SMD designs Dual or triple outputs power up to 15 high-capacity • Convert-A-Socket -makes it asnap to convert apro- • Cam outputs including database ASCII In and drives. 30-sec peak current for disk spin-up. 1% reg. duction socket to atest socket and vice-versa. • Complete line of male/female sockets for LCC, PLCC, ASCII Out format +5V at high current for logic and memory, -12V for PGA, POFP, and DIP circuits. • NEW! PADS-2000, board designs with no sys- DC fans. Remote sense and on/off. AC auto-line select • A must if you're inserting circuits repeatedly in low tem limits. 1micron database, copper pouring, option. 350, 400, 750W. insertion force sockets. T-routing. Workstation capability at PC prices! TODD PRODUCTS • Quick turnaround on custom engineering services, if Call today for afree demonstration package, and 50 Emjay Blvd., Brentwood, NY 11717 needed. For afree catalog, contact: for your local Authorized PADS Reseller. 516 231-3366 800 223 -8633 Emulation Technology, Inc. Inside tAA: (508) 486-8929 The 911 of the power supply industry. 2368-6 Walsh Ave. Santa Clara, CA 95051 Outside rok. (800) 255-7814 CAD 0-.r14eil Phone:408-982-0660 FAX: 408-982-0664 Soft ware. Inc. 00 0,4. TODD PRODUCTS CIRCLE 136 EMULATION TECHNOLOGY CIRCLE 120 CAD SOFTWARE CIRCLE 128

Low Cost CAD Software CUPL for the IBM PC and Compatibles PLD/FPGA Design Software Starting at only $99

Now Featuring Mad" Support 4., Design 8r Simulation

OM/1RM

„.. RUGGED AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTER SYSTEMS WITH FOLD DOWN KEYBOARD AND VGA MONITOR PCB wi FOR RACK, BENCH OR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS Layout STANDARD FEATURES INCLUDE: Get the popular CUPL developnrnt software with the •12 SLOT PASSIVE BACK PLANE, 250W POWER SUPPLY * Easy to use schematic entry program for circuit diagrams (SuperCAD)—Only $99 Includes large library, nethster and rewest and latest features for PLINFTGA logic design and •80386 CPU CARD AT 20/25/33 MHz, UP TO 814113 OF ZERO WAIT dot matrix pnnter output STATE RAM • Powerful, event-dnven diggal simulator (SuperSIM starting shorten your time to market. CUPL's powerful "C-Like" •SONY TRINITRON TUBE, HIGH RESOLUTION VGA (640X480) at $99.00. Operates directly from SuperCAD menu and syntax allows you to develop (=tom logic design quickly. MONITOR AND CARD displays waveforms in built logicsnalyzer display 'ROOM TO MOUNT THREE HALF HEIGHT DRIVES • Circuit board artwork editor and auto router programs. CUPL starts at $495. starting at $99 each. '2 SERIAL, 1PARALLEL PORT, MS DOS/OW BASIC Write or call for free demo disks: Call your order in TODAY -Start cus- ALSO AVAILABLE WITH 80486 OR 80286 CPU CARDS IN VARIOUS MENTAL AUTOMATION. - tomizing Tomorrow! CONFIGURATIONS, FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONTACT: 5415 -136th Place S.E. 1-800-331-7766 LOGICAL 181 SYSTEMS INC., 6842 NW 20 AVE. Bellevue, WA 98006 FT. LAUDERDALE, FL 33309. 305-978-9225 (206) 641-2141 or (305)974-0%7. 0...cas, INC. FAX 305-978-9226 TELEX: 529482 IBI SYSTEMS LOGICAL DEVICES, INC. CIRCLE 145 IBI SYSTEMS CIRCLE 128 MENTAL AUTOMATION, INC CIRCLE 138 MARKETPLACE

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY r-- Advertiser's Index ni Electronics

Abbott Electronics 26 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 35.t San Jose, California 95110 RESEARCH COORDINATOR II, Remote Advanced Digital Machines 56 (408) 441-0550 (408) s41-6052FAX Sensing Specialist: PhD or Alil) Ecology & docu- AEG Corporation 20-21* mented knowledge moil of: Sal F. Marino Chairman and CEO AMP, Inc. 24-25 Daniel J. Ramella President and COO James D. Atherton President, blectronics Group - Developing computer models for Anritsu Corporation 10-11 John G. French Publisher simulating soil erosions & sedimentary BUSINESS STAFF determinations; Avantek Corporation 14-15 Ken Long Research Manager - Geographical information systems (GIS) Kathy Torgerson Promotion Manager applications; CAD Software 57 Bob Clark Circulation Manager - Remote sensing & image data processing; Doris Carter Ad Sew/Production Manager - GIS models for Non-Point Source Canon 40 Brian Ceraolo Cardecks and Quick Ads Manager Pollution; Mary Lou Allerton Reader Service Manager - UNIX C program; Chablis Systems 56 SALES OFFICES - Use of ARC/INFO & Desktop Mapping Regional Vice Presidents: System Software packages. Contraves Intersys Ag 30** David M. Woodward Cleveland Chandler C. Henley New York Cypress Semiconductor Coy IV Richard B. Cutshall Chicago Coordinate activities of Research Scientists in- Harmon L. Proctor Atlanta volved in remote sensing, mapping and geographic EDS 19* George M. Horrigan Angeles Los GENERAL MANAGER, EUROPEAN OPERATIONS: information systems (GIS) applications for natural Emulation Technology 57 John Allen resources inventory and environmental studies; cor- Four Seasons House relating field investigations; develop computer mod- Entran Devices 57 ROB Woodstock Rd., Witney, els $26,855/yr. Submit resume to the Georgia Depart- Fujitsu, LTD 32E** Chcford OX8 6DY England -0993-778-077 FAX: 44-993-778-246 ment of Labor, 788 Prince Ave., P.O. Box 272, Athens, SAN JOSE GA 30613 or to the nearest GA Job Service Center. Job Fujitsu Microelectronics 49 Tina Ireland (N. California) Order 8GA 5511897. Blair Heath (N. California/Northwest/N. Canada) GenRad, Inc. 45 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 354 San Jose, CA 95110 (408) 441-0550 FAX: (408) 441-6052 Graphica Computer 55 LOS ANGELES CONSULTANTS Chuck Crowe (S. Calif/Arizona/Colorado/Utah) Harting Elektronik GMBH 47 (Orange County/San Diego County) 16255 Ventura Boulevard, Suite 300 Hewlett Packard 8-9, 13 Encino, CA 91436 (818) 990-9000 FAX: (818) 905-1206 Circuit Design & Development CHICAGO (Midwest/Dallas) IBI Systems 56, 57 Julie Harter 2 Illinois Center Building, Suite 1300 Analog, RF, signal processing, power supply, A/D Interactive Cad Systems 57 Chicago, IL 60601 (312) 861-0880 FAX: (312) 861-0874 and D/A interface circuit design for military in- BOSTON dustrial or commercial applications. Turn-key Intusoft 57 John J. Fahey (New England/Eastern Canada) development, from initial specs to production. Logical Devices 57 400 5th Menue Waltham, MA 02154 (617) 890-0891 FAX: (617) 890-6131 PEDA. Tel. :519-837-1646 (9 to 5 EST) Mental Automation 57 NEW YORK Ric Teeling (Mid-Atlantic Region & Southeast) National Instruments 51, 56 Brian Ceraolo (Direct Connection Ads) 611 Route 46 West FOR SALE NEC Corporation 33-36 Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604 (201) 393-6060 FAX (201) 393-0204 Nohau Corporation 56 JAPAN Hirokazu Morita, Japan Advertising Communications Inc. UNIVERSAL MICROPROCESSOR Philips Semiconductors 19-21** New Ginza Building, 3-13 Ginza 7-Chome, Chuo-Ku Tokyo SIMULATOR/DEBUGGER 1.2 each 104 Japan FAX: 81 3 5718710 Philips Test & Measurement 32C** AUSTRIA, GERMANY, SWITZERLAND set $55. Simulates 6811, 8051, Z80 and popular Friedrich K. Anacker, Intermedia Partners GmbH processors. Features line assembler, disas- Photo Research 38 Katemberger Strasse 247 sembler,_ a_nd deb_u_gegutilities. The Romy-8 5600 Wuppertal 1, West Gemiany (02) 271-1091 EPROM EMULATOR (32K, 8-bit) works Pico Electronics, Inc. 41, 53 FAX 49 202 712431 with simulator Inc., 83 Seaman FRANCE $135. J&M Programmed Test Sources 2 Road, W Orange, NJ 07052, TEL: 201-325-1892. Claude Bril, IDO Communications France Pulizzi Engineering 56 Cedex 65 92051, Paris LA DEFENSE-France (04) 9047900 FAX 33 149 047800 HOLLAND Siemens AG 32A**, 32F-G** SOFTWARE W.J.M. Sanders, S.I.P.A.S. Tektronix, Inc. 31 Oosterpark 6-P.O. Box 25 1483 ZG DeRyp, Holland997-1303 (02) Teradyne, Inc 28-29 TELEX: 13039 SIPAS NL FAX: 31 2997 1500 RELIABILITY PREDICTION ITALY SOFTWARE TODD 57 Cesase Casiraghi, Via Cardano 81 22100 Como, Italy 031/536003 FAX: 031/536007 ARE YOUR ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS RELIABLE? TRW LSI Products Coy II- Pg 1 KOREA RelCalc 2 automates MIL-801311.217E on your 113M PC' Young Sang Jo, President, BISCOM Very easy to use Try our Demo Package today for $25 United Airlines Coy III K.P.O. Box 1916, Seoul, Korea FAX: 82 2 7323662 T-CUBED SYSTEMS 31220 La Baya Drive. .110 TAIWAN (818) 991.0057 Westlake Vdlage, CA 91362 Vesta Technology 56 Charles C.Y. Liu, General Supervisor FAX (818) 991.1291 United Pacific International, Inc. Vicor 3 No. 311, Nanking E. Rd., Sec. 3 CIRCLE 258 Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.0 7169493 FAX: 886 2 The Western Design Center 23 UNITED KINGDOM, SCANDINAVIA White Technology, Inc John Maycock 5 Huntons Bldgs., 146 West Street Sheffield, S14ES, England 742 759186 FAX: 44 742 758449 QUALIFIED CANDIDATES CHINA *Domestic only CCI Asia -Pacific Ltd. Recruit the Best and Ste 905, Garden House, 32 Oi Kwan Rd. ** International only the Brightest Talent Happy Valley, Hong Kong FAX: 852 834 5620 Media Developments Ltd. with Penton Classifieds. The advertisers's index is prepared as an additional 13/F Jung Sun Commercial Bldg. service. 200 Lockland Rd., Hong Kong Call (216) 696-7000 ELECTRONICS does not assume any liability for er- rors or omissions. TBPA PENTONPublished PUBUSHING by MP

ELECTRONICS aDECEMBER 1991 58 ELECTRONICS INDEX GOOD NEWS FOR MANUFACTURERS, BUT WHERE ARE BUYERS?

here's some good news—but there's also T,,ome that's not so good. Good: industry is beginning to benefit from lower capital costs and better access to equity markets. Combined with the dra- »Iwo LARGE CAP COMPANIES matic productivity enhancellients and renewed con,- BM SMALL CAP COMPANIES 1111111111111111111111111111(11[1111111111111111111 il111111111111111l11111111 peritive strengths garnered over the past decade, U.S. 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 industrial might is once again on the upswing. Not so THROUGH11/6/91 SOURCE. McDONALD & CO SECURITIES good: the missing ingredient is end demand. Good: The index shows modest improvement in September, though September saw acontinual modest improvement in weakness in major industry sectors continues to be worrisome. new orders. Not so good: computers and office equipment are a glaring exception, with orders plunging to make the month the worst since the 1985 electronics recession. DURABLE GOODS But automotive orders are gaining momentum, helping to fuel are- covery in overall durable demand. Most automotive suppliers experienced very strong order momentum through mid-November. However, production significantly exceeds selling rates: unless there is amajor pick- up in auto sales by January, production will likely drop significantly. Order trends in other areas improved considerably in September. Component companies gained normally during September to November, but inventories are tight Also, weakness in Europe and Japan is essentially offsetting the modest domestic gains. In computers, inventory productivity continued to improve despite depressed orders. Concern in Washington in an election year could lead to some consumption incentives by early 1992. The dollar has weakened in recent Ma INV. PROD. Y.YCH. months after strengthening sharply during the war. However, the trade- .1111INV TRLG 3 MOS SALES weighted dollar still remains well above year-earlier levels, which could 86 87 88 89 90 91 mean increasingly lower exchange rates through the first quarter of 1992. SOURCE: U.S. DEPT. OF COMMERCE Finally, the lowest interest rates in more than adecade appear to be forc- Inventory productivity continued to improve, ing investors back into the stock market for the first time since 1987. J even in computers. By Mark Parr, McDonald Securities Inc., Cleveland (216-443-2379)

EOUIPME

10%

EMI 3 MOS MI 3 MOS. % CH. MN 12 MOS. 11.111 12 MOS. % CH.

- 25% 11,11,11111 1 1 1 111,11,111111 ,11 11111.1 86 87 88 89 90 91 86 87 88 89 90 91 SOURCE: U.S. DEPT. OF COMMERCE SOURCE: U.S. DEPT. OF COMMERCE New orders for computers and office equipment Automotive suppliers experienced strong order nosedived in the worst month since 1985. momentum through mid-November.

59 MIKE EVANS LAST WORD TAXES WILL BE CUT, BUT JUST HOW?

66 he most likely politicaVeconomic fore- tion's tax cut from the liberal side of the aisle. cast for 1992 calls for higher spending Considering that the economic situation these and lower taxes," Iconcluded last July. days is relatively serious, the main aim ought to be Since then, the economy has weakened to get the money back into consumer pockets as even further, shortening the odds on atax cut as soon as possible instead of arguing all year about each month ticked past. By now, it's aforegone whether the "rich" benefit disproportionately. conclusion. Of course, that doesn't answer the Will the tax cut do what it is supposed to do, question of what kind would be best for the econ- namely pull the economy out of recession? Abso- omy, and there are two issues involved here. lutely. Tax cuts always work in the short run. Most The first is that the combination of federal, middle-class consumers are up against the wall; state, and local tax increases in 1991 amounted to their wages are not keeping pace with inflation, $30 billion pulled out of consumers' pocket- many of them have lost high-paying jobs and have books. Raising taxes during arecession is one of had to take more menial employment, and virtu- the world's dumbest ideas. In fact, the last time it ally everyone faces higher taxes. So almost all of was tried was 1932, when the results weren't so the tax cut will be spent, and the stimulus will hot either. The second is the anemic rate of pro- have an unusually large multiplier effect. The side ductivity growth in this economy—down to 1% effect of this will be to increase the deficit some- per year. The cause is not that mysterious: the ratio what, but that's too bad. of GNP devoted to saving and investment is the This might be construed as arather cavalier at- lowest of any major country. titude to take about the deficit, which was expect- That is why atax cut to spur savings, such as THE IDEA IS ed to be $362 billion in fiscal year 1992 even be- expanding IRAs, makes some sense. However, it fore the tax cuts were proposed. The tax proposal is not the best choice. Since most of the investing TO GET has already caused long-term interest rates to back in plant equipment is done by businesses, it fol- up slightly, although that may be because bond lows that if the aim is to stimulate investment and MONEY BACK markets realize the tax cut will signal the end of productivity, tax incentives ought to be restored the recession and the related concern over abig- for capital formation, such as the time-tested in- INTO THE ger deficit. This isn't aperfect world; if it were, the vestment tax uedit and accelerated depreciation. CONSUMER'S deficit would be balanced in nonrecession years. However, there has not been amurmur of in- But the damage caused by atax cut in 1992 will be terest on Capitol Hill in this direction. So although POCKET FAST far less than leaving consumers dangling and pro- the short-term issue of reversing the tax mugging longing the recession indefinitely. that took place this year is being correctly ad- AS POSSIBLE. As tax-cut bills move toward passage, the Bush dressed, the longer-term issue of stimulating pro- Administration will try to tack on amodified capi- ductivity growth is not. But half aloaf is better than tal gains tax cut. Ifavor such amove, but the most none at all, and at least Bush isn't talking about important thing now is to rescind raising taxes in an election year. the ill-advised series of tax in- As far as the type of individual tax cut that is creases and get the economy being promoted, some voices have been raised back on its feet again. indicating that acut in marginal rates would have MICHAEL K EVANS is amore positive long-run effect on the economy thepresident ofEvans Eco- than atax credit. From an economic viewpoint, it nomic Inc. and Evans is difficult to argue with that. On the other hand, Investment Advisors any such bill would end up in apolitical swamp, in Washington. releasing all of the pent-up ha- tred for the Reagan Administra-

-1M-tPer.term..

ELE(TRONICS •DECEMBER 1991 60 FLIGHT CRU. They are the wines of Connoisseur Clase United 's new international business class. They come from the hallowed provinces of Bordeaux, Burgundy, and Champagne. From the legendary vintners of the world to please the most discriminating tastes. And, to accompany them, you'll find suet' names as Chivas Regal, Glenfiddich,Wild Turkey, and Courvoisier. Connoisseur Class, offered only by United Where attention to detail elevates international business class to its highest Inn of civility Come fly the airline that's uniting the world. Come fly the friendly skies. unrrED AFtunes HOW SUN SNAPPED UP THE LEAD IN SPARC MULTIPROCESSING.

Sun Microsystem's new 90 SPEC thruput multiprocessing SPARCserver is powered by our new SPARCore Modules. We have consistently delivered aperformance advantage in SPARC RISC chipsets. Now, we are introducing SPARCore- high-performance uniprocessing and multiprocessing Modules. Cypress modules provide you (and Sun) with significant competitive advantages based on innovative technology: CYM600IK Uniprocessor 1;1 SPARCore Module 1. Short-Cut to Market. With this much complexity running at 40+MHz speeds, there are non-trivial issues to integrating the CPU chipset Using our fully integrated, tested SPARCore modules, you save time, not to mention manufacturing and testing CYM6002K Dual Processor costs. We deliver fully tested modules, with SPARCore Module MPU, FPU, MMU, and Cache, for the price of the chipset

2. Plug and Play on Milos. You design your system to the MBus standard, and you can plug in modules offering arange of

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Call for your Free SPARCore Whitepaper and Data Sheets. Hotline: 1-800-952-6300.* Ask for Dept C9W.

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"In Europe fax your request to the above dept. at (32) 2-652-1504 or call (32) 2- 652-0270. In Asia fax to the above dept. at 1(415) 961-4201. © 1991 Cypress Semiconductor, 3901 North First Street, San Jose CA 95134. Phone: 1(408) 943-2600, Telex: 821032 CYPRESS SRI UD, TWX: 910-997-0753. SPARCore is atrademark of Cypress Semiconductor. SPARC is aregistered trademark of SPARC International, Inc. Products bearing the SPARC trademark are based on an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.