Aphra Behn's the ROVER
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Aphra Behn: Libertine? Or Marital Reformer?
Aphra Behn: Libertine? Or Marital Reformer? A History, with an Examination of Several Plays and Fictions By Florence Irene Munson Rouse in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master ofArts in English May 12, 1998 Thesis Adviser: Iit. William C. Home Aphra Behn: Libertine? Or Marital Refiormer? A Histqry with an Examinjation ofSeveral Prays and Fictions This Thesis for the M.A. degree in English by Florence Irene Munson Rouse has been approved for the Graduate Faculty by Supervisor: Reader: Date: Aphra Behn was an important female vliter in the Restoration era. She wrote twenty or more plays which were produced on the London stage, as well as a dozen or more novels, several volumes ofpoetry, and numerous translations. She was the flrSt WOman VIiter tO Cam her living byher pen. After she became successful, a concerted attack was made on her, alleging a libertine life and inmoral behavior. Gradually, her life work was expunged from the seventeenth-century literary canon based on this alleged lifestyle. Since little factual information is available about her her life, critics have been happyto invent various scenarios. The only true understanding ofher attitudes is found in the reading ofher plays, not to establish autobiographical facts, but to understandher attitudes. Based on the evidence inher many depictions oflibertine men in her satirical comedies, she disliked male libertines and foundtheir behavior deplorable. in plays and poetry, her longing for a new social order in which men and women micht love andrespect one another in freely chosen wedlock is the dominant theme. Far from being libertine, Aphra Behn is an early pioneer for companionate marriage. -
Jane Spencer
Behn and the Canon Jane Spencer The publication of a book on teaching Oroonoko-the present volume-is one indication of how far Aphra Behn has traveled since the 1970s. Back then, when I was an undergraduate, she was not part of the canon of university-studied litera1y works. Still, universities harbored a few fo1ward-thinking enthusiasts for her writing. one of her works was set reading for my university course in English literature, but I was introduced to her because my tutor, James Booth, included an optional lecture on her in a course on seventeenth-century litera ture. This was about the time that Maureen Duffy's biography sparked new interest in Behn, fostered by the growth of women's literature courses. Over the next few decades, Behn had a remarkable revival on the stage, in print, and in the academy, where she was increasingly taught, usually as a pioneering female writer: the first woman professional writer, an early woman dramatist, an early woman novelist. In 1986, Mary Ann O'Donnell, introducing the first edition of her Behn bibliography, urged us to study her "not because she is a woman writer, but because she is an important writer" (Aphra Behn 11). I!ow have we responded? Behn is certainly a major presence in the more diverse and dispersed canon of early-twenty-first-century university courses. A brief survey of Web sites in dicates that in the academic year 2009-10, undergraduates were studying her in many places and under many headings. At the University of Pennsylvania, they might read her alongside Rochester, Wycherley, Cleland, and Boswell in Liter ary Erotics in the Eighteenth Century or with Rowe, Richardson, and Burney as part of Epistolary Fiction; at Loughborough University, they might choose an optional module devoted to her. -
Dryden on Shadwell's Theatre of Violence
James Blac k DRYDEN ON SHADWELL'S THEATRE OF VIOLENCE All admirers of J ohn Dryden can sympathise w ith H.T . Swedenberg's dream of o ne day "finding bundle after bundle of Dryden's manuscripts and a journal kept thro ugho ut his career. .. .! turn in the journal to the 1670's and eagerly scan the leaves to find out precisely when MacFlecknoe was written and what the ultimate occasion for it was. " 1 For the truth is that although MacFlecknoe can be provisionally dated 1678 the " ultimate occasion" of Dryden's satire on Thomas Shadwell has never been satisfactorily explained. We know that for abo ut nine years Dryden and Shadwell had been arguing in prologues and prefaces with reasonably good manners , chiefly over the principles of comedy. R.J. Smith makes a case for Shadwell's being considered the foremost among Dryden's many adversaries in literary argumentatio n, and points out that their discourse had reached the stage where Dryden, in A n Apology for Heroic Poetry ( 16 77), made "an appeal for a live-and-let-live agree ment." 2 T he generally serious and calm nature of their debate makes MacFlecknoe seem almost a shocking intrusion- a personally-or politically-inspired attack which shattered the calm of discourse. Surely-so the reasoning of commentators goes- there must have been a casus belli. It used to be thought that Dryden was reacting to an attack by Shadwell in The Medal of j ohn Bayes, but this theory has been discounted.3 A.S. Borgman, a Shadwell biographer, would like to be able to account for Dryden's "turning against" Shadwell and making him the butt of MacFlecknoe: Had he wearied of [Sh adwell's) rep eated boasts o f friendship w ith the wits? Had he become disgusted with (h is) arrogant treatment of those who did not applaud th e humours in The Virtuoso and A True Widow? Had he tired of DRYDEN ON SHADWELL'S THEATRE OF VIOLENCE 299 seeing Shadwell "wallow in the pit" and condemn plays? Or did some word or act bring to his mind the former controversy and the threat then made of condemning dulness?4 D.M. -
Restoration Comedy.Pdf
RESTORATION COMEDY (1660- 1700) For B.A. Honours Part- 1 Paper – 1 (Content compiled for Academic Purpose only from http://www.theatrehistory.com/ and other websites duly credited) Content compiled by- Dr. Amritendu Ghosal Assistant Professor Department of English Anugrah Memorial College Gaya. Email- [email protected] Topics Covered- 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE RESTORATION AGE 2. NATURE OF RESTORATION COMEDY 3. WOMEN PLAYWRIGHTS 4. APPEARANCE OF WOMEN ON THE ENGLISH STAGE 5. PERSISTENCE OF ELIZABETHAN PLAYS 6. PARODY OF HEROIC DRAMA 7. COLLIER'S ATTACK ON THE STAGE (Image from haikudeck.com) "THEN came the gallant protest of the Restoration, when Wycherley and his successors in drama commenced to write of contemporary life in much the spirit of modern musical comedy. A new style of comedy was improvised, which, for lack of a better term, we may agree to call the comedy of Gallantry, and which Etherege, Shadwell, and Davenant, and Crowne, and Wycherley, and divers others, laboured painstakingly to perfect. They probably exercised to the full reach of their powers when they hammered into grossness their too fine witticisms just smuggled out of France, mixed them with additional breaches of decorum, and divided the results into five acts. For Gallantry, it must be repeated, was yet in its crude youth. For Wycherley and his confreres were the first Englishmen to depict mankind as leading an existence with no moral outcome. It was their sorry distinction to be the first of English authors to present a world of unscrupulous persons who entertained no special prejudices, one way or the other, as touched ethical matters." -- JAMES BRANCH CABELL, Beyond Life. -
FRENCH INFLUENCES on ENGLISH RESTORATION THEATRE a Thesis
FRENCH INFLUENCES ON ENGLISH RESTORATION THEATRE A thesis submitted to the faculty of San Francisco State University In partial fulfillment of A the requirements for the Degree 2oK A A Master of Arts * In Drama by Anne Melissa Potter San Francisco, California Spring 2016 Copyright by Anne Melissa Potter 2016 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read French Influences on English Restoration Theatre by Anne Melissa Potter, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Arts: Drama at San Francisco State University. Bruce Avery, Ph.D. < —•— Professor of Drama "'"-J FRENCH INFLUENCES ON RESTORATION THEATRE Anne Melissa Potter San Francisco, California 2016 This project will examine a small group of Restoration plays based on French sources. It will examine how and why the English plays differ from their French sources. This project will pay special attention to the role that women played in the development of the Restoration theatre both as playwrights and actresses. It will also examine to what extent French influences were instrumental in how women develop English drama. I certify that the abstract rrect representation of the content of this thesis PREFACE In this thesis all of the translations are my own and are located in the footnote preceding the reference. I have cited plays in the way that is most helpful as regards each play. In plays for which I have act, scene and line numbers I have cited them, using that information. For example: I.ii.241-244. -
Sir Robert Howard's Comedy "The Committee"
TK -ti. a.v\c^ t^i\t^ci with Xva+vo <5c vx^.V\ on Wci"V^S V SIR ROBERT HOWARD'S COMEDY "THE COMMITTEE" Edited with Introduction and Notes BY CARRYL NELSON THURBER A. B. Cornell University, 1908. THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN ENGLISH IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 1917 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS THE GRADUATE SCHOOL ..5::^. /. IQI 7 I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPER- VISION BY Q.A^1^.J.. 7h..&A:^.d!^... ENTITLED ..j^..(A=...Z2?{;^^.^. ^(^^Ig^tct^^ BE ACCEPTED AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF 7J(LcOLy^J^. Qi^^J::^.. .Jj... .2., LJj=::C£::^~^^ L,..li^C> In Charge of Thesis Head of Department Recommendation concurred in Committee on Final Examination* *Required for doctor's degree but not for master's. 376623 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Chapter Page I Howard: Man and Statesman 1 II Howard: Poet, Dramatist, 11 and Historian III "The Committee" and "Teague" 48 History and Criticism TEXT OP "THE COmilTTEE" 61 GLOSSARIAL NOTES 153 BIBLIOaRAPHY 165 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/sirroberthowardsOOthur 1 SIR ROBERT HOWARD'S COMEDY "THE COMMITTEE" INTRODUCTION Chapter I Howard: Man and Statesman Sir Robert Howard, bom in I626, was the sixth son of Thomas Howard, first earl of Berkshire, by Elizabeth, daugh- ter of William Cecil, lord Burghley, afterwards second earl of Exeter. About Howard's early life there is available practically no information further than that he was educated at Magdalene College, whether Oxford or Cambridge seems some- (2) what uncertain. -
The Rover by Aphra Behn
By Shailesh Ranjan Assistant Professor Dept. of English, Maharaja College, Ara. About the Author Aphra Behn was one of the first English professional writers wrote plays, poetry, short stories and novels. Little information is known about her early life. She was born in about 1640 near Canterbury, England.Her family were Royalists, connected with powerful catholic families and the court. She may have been raised Catholic and educated in a convent abroad. As one of the first English women to earn her living by her writing, she broke cultural barriers and served as a literary role model for later generations of women authors. Rising from obscurity, she came to the notice of Charles II , who employed her as a spy in Antwerp. •After her return to London she started her writings. •She wrote under the pastrol pseudonym Astrea. •A staunch supporter of the Stuart Line, she declined an invitation from Bishop Burnet to write a welcoming poem to the new king William III. •She died shortly after. Her grave is not included in the Poets Corner but lies in the East Cloister near the steps to the church. •Virginia Woolf writes about her in her famous work ‘A Room of One’s Own’ - “ All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn which is , most scandalously but rather appropriately, in Westminster Abbey, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds.” • She challenged with expressing herself in a patriarchal system that generally refused to grant merit to women’s views.Women who went against were in risk of being exiled from their communities and targeted to be involved in witch hunts. -
The English-Speaking Aristophanes and the Languages of Class Snobbery 1650-1914
Pre-print of Hall, E. in Aristophanes in Performance (Legenda 2005) The English-Speaking Aristophanes and the Languages of Class Snobbery 1650-1914 Edith Hall Introduction In previous chapters it has been seen that as early as the 1650s an Irishman could use Aristophanes to criticise English imperialism, while by the early 19th century the possibility was being explored in France of staging a topical adaptation of Aristophanes. In 1817, moreover, Eugene Scribe could base his vaudeville show Les Comices d’Athènes on Ecclesiazusae. Aristophanes became an important figure for German Romantics, including Hegel, after Friedrich von Schlegel had in 1794 published his fine essay on the aesthetic value of Greek comedy. There von Schlegel proposed that the Romantic ideals of Freedom and Joy (Freiheit, Freude) are integral to all art; since von Schlegel regarded comedy as containing them to the highest degree, for him it was the most democratic of all art forms. Aristophanic comedy made a fundamental contribution to his theory of a popular genre with emancipatory potential. One result of the philosophical interest in Aristophanes was that in the early decades of the 18th century, until the 1848 revolution, the German theatre itself felt the impact of the ancient comic writer: topical Lustspiele displayed interest in his plays, which provided a model for German poets longing for a political comedy, for example the remarkable satirical trilogy Napoleon by Friedrich Rückert (1815-18). This international context illuminates the experiences undergone by Aristophanic comedy in England, and what became known as Britain consequent upon the 1707 Act of Union. -
PROGRAM NOTES Henry Purcell
PROGRAM NOTES by Phillip Huscher Henry Purcell - Suite from King Arthur Born sometime in 1659, place unknown. Died November 21, 1695, London, England. Suite from King Arthur Purcell composed his semi-opera King Arthur, with texts by John Dryden, in 1691. The first performance was given at the Dorset Garden Theatre in London in May of that year. The orchestra for this suite of instrumental excerpts consists of two oboes and english horn, two trumpets, timpani, and strings, with continuo provided by bassoon and harpsichord. Performance time is approximately twenty minutes. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra has performed music from Purcell's King Arthur (Trumpet Tune, "Ye blust'ring brethren of the skies," with Charles W. Clark as soloist, and Grand Dance: Chaconne) only once previously, on subscription concerts at the Auditorium Theatre on December 13 and 14, 1901, with Theodore Thomas conducting. Henry Purcell is the one composer who lived and worked before J. S. Bach who has found a place in the symphonic repertory. The Chicago Symphony played Purcell's music as early as 1901, when it programmed three selections from King Arthur on the first of its new "historical" programs designed to "illustrate the development of the orchestra and its literature, from the earliest times down to the present day." Purcell still stands at the very beginning of the modern orchestra's repertory, although he is best known to today's audiences for the cameo appearance his music makes in Benjamin Britten's twentieth- century classic, the Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra. Purcell is regularly described as the finest English composer before Edward Elgar, if not as the greatest English composer of all. -
English Literature 1590 – 1798
UGC MHRD ePGPathshala Subject: English Principal Investigator: Prof. Tutun Mukherjee; University of Hyderabad Paper 02: English Literature 1590 – 1798 Paper Coordinator: Dr. Anna Kurian; University of Hyderabad Module No 31: William Wycherley: The Country Wife Content writer: Ms.Maria RajanThaliath; St. Claret College; Bangalore Content Reviewer: Prof. Tutun Mukherjee; University of Hyderabad Language Editor: Dr. Anna Kurian; University of Hyderabad William Wycherley’s The Country Wife Introduction This lesson deals with one of the most famous examples of Restoration theatre: William Wycherley’s The Country Wife, which gained a reputation in its time for being both bawdy and witty. We will begin with an introduction to the dramatist and the form and then proceed to a discussion of the play and its elements and conclude with a survey of the criticism it has garnered over the years. Section One: William Wycherley and the Comedy of Manners William Wycherley (b.1640- d.1716) is considered one of the major Restoration playwrights. He wrote at a time when the monarchy in England had just been re-established with the crowning of Charles II in 1660. The newly crowned king effected a cultural restoration by reopening the theatres which had been shut since 1642. There was a proliferation of theatres and theatre-goers. A main reason for the last was the introduction of women actors. Puritan solemnity was replaced with general levity, a characteristic of the Caroline court. Restoration Comedy exemplifies an aristocratic albeit chauvinistic lifestyle of relentless sexual intrigue and conquest. The Comedy of Manners in particular, satirizes the pretentious morality and wit of the upper classes. -
"Play Your Fan": Exploring Hand Props and Gender on the Restoration Stage Through the Country Wife, the Man of Mode, the Rover, and the Way of the World
Columbus State University CSU ePress Theses and Dissertations Student Publications 2011 "Play Your Fan": Exploring Hand Props and Gender on the Restoration Stage Through the Country Wife, the Man of Mode, the Rover, and the Way of the World Jarred Wiehe Columbus State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/theses_dissertations Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Wiehe, Jarred, ""Play Your Fan": Exploring Hand Props and Gender on the Restoration Stage Through the Country Wife, the Man of Mode, the Rover, and the Way of the World" (2011). Theses and Dissertations. 148. https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/theses_dissertations/148 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at CSU ePress. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSU ePress. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/playyourfanexploOOwieh "Play your fan": Exploring Hand Props and Gender on the Restoration Stage Through The Country Wife, The Man of Mode, The Rover, and The Way of the World By Jarred Wiehe A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements of the CSU Honors Program For Honors in the Degree of Bachelor of Arts In English Literature, College of Letters and Sciences, Columbus State University x Thesis Advisor Date % /Wn l ^ Committee Member Date Rsdftn / ^'7 CSU Honors Program Director C^&rihp A Xjjs,/y s z.-< r Date <F/^y<Y'£&/ Wiehe 1 'Play your fan': Exploring Hand Props and Gender on the Restoration Stage through The Country Wife, The Man ofMode, The Rover, and The Way of the World The full irony and wit of Restoration comedies relies not only on what characters communicate to each other, but also on what they communicate to the audience, both verbally and physically. -
Guide to the Brooklyn Playbills and Programs Collection, BCMS.0041 Finding Aid Prepared by Lisa Deboer, Lisa Castrogiovanni
Guide to the Brooklyn Playbills and Programs Collection, BCMS.0041 Finding aid prepared by Lisa DeBoer, Lisa Castrogiovanni and Lisa Studier and revised by Diana Bowers-Smith. This finding aid was produced using the Archivists' Toolkit September 04, 2019 Brooklyn Public Library - Brooklyn Collection , 2006; revised 2008 and 2018. 10 Grand Army Plaza Brooklyn, NY, 11238 718.230.2762 [email protected] Guide to the Brooklyn Playbills and Programs Collection, BCMS.0041 Table of Contents Summary Information ................................................................................................................................. 7 Historical Note...............................................................................................................................................8 Scope and Contents....................................................................................................................................... 8 Arrangement...................................................................................................................................................9 Collection Highlights.....................................................................................................................................9 Administrative Information .......................................................................................................................10 Related Materials .....................................................................................................................................