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Klipsun Magazine Western Student Publications

9-1980

Klipsun Magazine, 1980, Volume 10, Issue 06 - September

Dave Miltenberger Western Washington University

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Recommended Citation Miltenberger, Dave, "Klipsun Magazine, 1980, Volume 10, Issue 06 - September" (1980). Klipsun Magazine. 52. https://cedar.wwu.edu/klipsun_magazine/52

This Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Student Publications at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Klipsun Magazine by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected].

2 Klip sun '1 Klipsun September; 1980 Vol. 10; No. 6 4 Gossip: It's None Of Your Business o Editor: Dave Miltenberger Do we have news for you. Journalists tell all. Story by Gregg Managing Editor: Nancy Walbeck Olsen. Design Coordinator: Greg Lewis Business Manager: John Bliss Darkroom Technician: Rick Ross 8 Soaking Up Your Own Suds Production Manager: Susan Borter Ferment now; repent later; it's all a matter of taste. Article by Consultant: Gregg Olsen Advisor: Carolyn Dale Mike Stoddard.

Staff: Rob Bishop, Glenda Carino, 10 Blood; Sweat and Gears Michael Connors, Susan Fried, Bill Gibbon, Trade Hornung, Joan Jorgenson, Wheels spinning, legs pumping and the loneliness of the long Nina McCormick, Terry McGuire, Leita distance racer. Article by Susan Borter. McIntosh, Bill McNeill, Mary Norvell, Laura Ritter, Mike Stoddard, Susan Thorslund, Brian VanderHaak, Bruce Yeager, Kathy Zalewski.

Photo Credits: Gregg Olsen, inside cover; Joan Jorgenson, 8, 14; Susan Fried, 10- 11; Trade Hornung, 21-23.

Illustration Credits: Mike Bentley, front and back cover, 6-7, 24; Greg Lewis, 13, 18-20; Frank Shiers, 25-27, 29. 13 Plowing The Past; Reaping A Future A small farming community in Whatcom County preserves the past, with affection and pride. Article by Brian VanderHaak.

Special thanks to Sue Mitchell, Mike Bentley and Frank Shiers. 16 Images 18 Coast Indian Art Is it art money, or is it smart money? Gregg Olsen e^camines the native Indian art scene.

Klipsun

Copyright ® Klipsun 1980 Klipsun is a twice-quarterly publication funded with student fees and distributed without charge. Klipsun, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, 676-3737. Printed at 21 How To Catch The Wind WWU Print Plant. Ever wanted to raise your jib, secure your head or batten down your hatches? Sail on with Trade Hornung. Klipsun is a Lummi Indian word meaning "beautiful sunset. ” 24 The Blue Book Guide Some serious and not so serious insights into life at the "University of Bellingham."

September 3 It s none ol by Gregg Olsen The camera cuts away to Rona “People want it. You can’t really The National Enquirer, Tiger Beat Barrett in Hollywood. With eyes as argue with success.” and People all deal in the gossip big as her mouth and a drugstore Americans apparently have an gambit today. Each, however, has its blond hairdo that hasn’t been altered insatiable need for gossip which own distinct style, target audience in 15 years, the gossip queen breath­ appears in publications that range and degree of credibility. lessly reports tinseltown trivia. Rows from tawdry tabloids to slick maga­ of books behind her show television zines that look nice, but offer little in The National Enquirer’s Untold Story viewers that Miss Rona is as respec­ the way of intellectual stimulation. Without a doubt, the most success­ table as a librarian. Gossip fan magazines flourished in ful of the gossip tabloids is the The National Enquirer hits the the 1950s. Confidential was notable National Enquirer. With a super­ stands. The eight-items-or-less (cash because of its high circulation (it was market check-out distribution sys­ only) checkout station in the super­ one of the top selling magazines of its tem unequaled by any of its competi­ market is a colony brimming with day) and low regard for the truth. tion, the Enquirer is shoved into 5.7 celebrity paternity suits, fad diets and Libel lawsuits from various Holly­ million shopping bags each week. cancer cure-alls. The tabloid beckons wood luminaries brought the publi­ Enquirer publisher Generoso with 72-point headlines. Shoppers cation to its demise in 1957. Pope, Jr., switched the tabloid’s hand the paper to the checker along When television came of age, so emphasis from criminal violence to with cantaloupes and carrots. did the public’s desire for intimate stories about celebrities, psychic The press zips off copies of the facts about the tube’s actors and phenomena and triumphs over newspaper by the scores. The Seattle actresses. Magazines and tabloids adversity when he purchased the Post-Intelligencer pressman pulls catered to the demand—those that publication (then called The New one of the first copies off the end of chose not to often went bankrupt. York Enquirer) in 1952. the line with inky fingers. He takes a Today, it’s not uncommon for a pub­ A quick glance through an issue break and reads Emmett Watson’s lication called Movie Mirror to fea­ nets the following tidbits: “Oscar column of local humor and rumor. ture a television personality on its Nominee Now a Lonely Old Man It’s all gossip. And it is all a part of cover. Living in a Mental Hospital,” “Bev­ the wave of “personality” style news Nowadays, “The Ear” out of the erly Hillbillies Costar Dies Lonely, that has enjoyed a tremendous resur­ Washington Star keeps Capitol Shunned by Buddy Ebsen,”and “Zsa gence in the past decade. Today an watchers in the know. Rolling Zsa Dumps 7th Hubby: He’s a accepted yet distrusted branch of Stoners “Random Notes” section lets Tightwad and a Party Pooper.” journalism, gossip news has become readers keep up with the trials and Not surprisingly, the newspaper- immensely popular. Even though tribulations of the rock set, and Wal­ magazine hybrid has been the critics of the phenomena scream ter Scott’s Personality Parade serves defendant in its share of libel suits for “misleading” and “false” at the con­ up personality leftovers once a week. stories similar to the preceding. tent of the magazines and newspap­ Gossip is no longer confined to Recently, a group of celebrities led by ers that specialize in it, it has not movie magazines and gossip actress Carol Burnett was involved in faltered. As one gossip editor said. columnists. litigation with the Enquirer. Bur-

4 Klipsun voar 1msiiiess...1mt...

nett’s $5 million lawsuit charged that fidential, in 1957, remains to be seen. maintain its No. 1 status. Publisher the Enquirer published—with At that time. Confidential pub­ Pope has down-played the impact malice—a false gossip item about her lished a cover story about the actress the Star and other imitators have had and former Secretary of State Henry that charged she had a steamy love upon the Enquirer. Kissinger. scene in the back row of a Hollywood “Our competition isn’t the Star or The Enquirer item said Burnett theater. She did not. In fact, O’Hara People or any other magazine. It’s a “had a drunken row with Kissinger at was able to prove she was filming in claim for the consumer’s dollar. a Washington Restaurant.” Burnett Europe during the time the magazine We’re just another product and we’ve maintained such an incident never reported the incident had occurred. got to remain attractive,” he once occurred and the Enquirer knew that said. when they published the piece. The response in several phone A Los Angeles Superior Court interview attempts to the Enquirer Fan Magazines: “Most Of What We judge ruled earlier this year that the headquarters in Latana, Fla. was the Print Is True.” tabloid hadn’t acted maliciously. It same “I’m sorry, we are now involved appeared as though the actress- in litigation and cannot give any Celebrity fan magazines are per­ comedienne had lost her battle. interviews.” haps the most noticeable gossip pro­ In early April, however, Burnett’s Litigation is not the Enquirer *s ducts on today’s newsstands. With attorneys received new information only woe. Competition is creeping three main kinds—teen idols, day­ from two restaurant employees who into the area around the checkstand time television performers and movie claim they told the Enquirer that with increasing frequency and stars—fan magazines have often Burnett did not act in an offensive strength. been chided for being less than repu­ manner. Enter Rupert Murdoch, the Aus­ table. Charged with concocting sto­ Although the tabloid has offered tralian with a special fondness for ries and rearranging photographs to settle out of court several times, gossip and sensationalism. Murdoch with scissors, fan publications are Burnett has refused. “Every time they offered to purchase the Enquirer but not taken too seriously by anyone— except the fans. tried to settle, I said, ‘No, I want to go was turned down in 1973. The failed to trial. You guys are bad guys,’ ” she deal was not much of a setback for According to the L.A. Times, one said in an article that appeared in the Murdoch; he launched the Star the publicist who worked for a New L.A. Times. following year. York gossip magazine said the publi­ Burnett is not the only one hoping Similar editorially to the Enquirer, cations were “fiction factories” that to sue the Enquirer into oblivion. Murdoch’s Star's biggest difference are operated by “arm-chair journal­ Paul Lynde, Ed McMahon, Shirley and major selling point was its full ists” who tape talk shows and clip Jones and others collectively have color photographs. Circulation has interviews from legitimate period­ filed $60 million in lawsuits against leap-frogged to a respectable 3 icals. the publication. Whether the cele­ million copies per week. Linda Benjamin, an editor at Tiger brated group can trash the tabloid as Not coincidentally, the Enquirer Beat, a top-selling teen fan magazine, actress Maureen O’Hara did to Con­ has since gone color in an effort to said in a phone interview that those

September 5 days are gone. “Believe it or not,” she People Who Hate People a dot over each word as it is said, “most of what we print is true.” approved, even a ‘the.’ A lot of fun is The Laufer Company of Los The new legitimate gossip maga­ made of the system, but it works. The Angeles is currently the champion at zines like Time-Life Inc.’s People checker is putting his or her life on the fan magazine racks. Founded in and the McFadden group’s recently the line.” Naturally, as is true of any success­ 1965, Laufer’s publications include acquired US magazines have taken a ful product. People has had its share Tiger Beat, Rona Barrett’s Holly­ toll on the less slick publications. of imitators. The most notable Amer­ wood, Rona Barrett’s Daytimers and Frank Kappler, editor of Peopled ican rip-off is US magazine. Kappler Gossip. The other major gossip mag­ “Chatter” page, was rather succinct said, however, the most interesting azine publishers are based in New in his reasons why personality gossip was a German variation that was York. They include Ideal Publishing, magazines are so successful: “People McFadden Group, Inc. and Sterling want to know about people. It is a initially successful but ceased publi­ cation after a year and a half. Publications. phenomena that is not going to go away.” “They ran out of people for their Benjamin affirmed that fan maga­ magazine,” he said. zines do have the power to “make or Although People Editor Richard break a star.” A practice in the past, Stolley “finds the term gossip dis­ So You Want To Be In Gossip? she said, was the publishing of unfa­ dainful,” Kappler said, he sees vorable items about stars the pub­ nothing wrong with it. He admitted, The backgrounds of gossips are lishers had vendettas against. Tiger however, that many other publica­ almost as varied as their publica­ Beat, she said, does not engage in tions have been irresponsible with tions. Some have journalism degrees that opened the employment doors such practices. their gossip content. Gossip is what the people want, and still others landed their jobs with Fan magazines also have been according to Kappler. “We all have a luck. accused of a sort of checkbook jour­ baser instinct for gossip.” Syndicated Washington Colum­ nalism. Benjamin sees nothing uneth­ nist Maxine Cheshire began her ical about the practice. “The teen idol People magazine has become one of publishing’s greatest and most newspaper career as a police and gives up his time and we give him a rapid success stories. After making story or money. It’s an equal trade.” its debut on the newsstands in 1974, She added that often information People has reached an impressive 2.3 is acquired through the young star’s million copies purchased in grocery publicist or mother—secondhand. stores each week. Another practice that Benjamin Kappler maintains that People'^ and cohorts engage in that many accuracy rivals that of its parent “legitimate” journalists would scorn company’s Time magazine. “Every is the development of close relation­ word in every article is put through a ships with sources. “This kind of checking process. Researchers pencil Talk... journalism is really different than other kinds because you really get to know the stars well,” she said. Experts at deception, gossip mag­ azines have a reputation for publish­ ing misleading titles. Full of innuendo (an example in a recent issue of Modern Screen: John Tra- volta/Jane Fonda: What He Has That She Wants!) that never pans out, the titles accompany articles that are forced and ultimately disappointing. But people still buy the glossy- covered, newsprint magazines in droves, though sales have dropped from a collective 8 million sold each week in the 1950s to about 2 million today. The reasons are clear and varied. Gossip is no longer a commodity limited to movie magazines. Televi­ sion, radio, newspapers and “respec­ table magazines” have weasled a chunk of the glamour gossip market.

6 Klipsun crime reporter in Tennessee. A move New York Daily News in 1976. One video gossip. Barreft began her suc­ to the nation’s capitol forced her to of her questions at the time was: cessful career in gossip news in the take a job as a society reporter for the “Who could know that we were just ’60s as a columnist for the now Washington Post. “I was not too on the verge of this era of trivia-tidbit defunct magazine. Photoplay. happy about my new job because it journalism, that it would absolutely Though Barrett’s name is listed as was not straight reporting. I was not deluge us?” “executive editor” on the Laufer pub­ interested in tea-party journalism,” The fan-oriented gossip publica­ lications that bear her name, she acts she once said of her job. tions probably have the biggest as little more than a figurehead or People magazine “Chatter” editor number of non-journalism graduates trademark. She does not write a sin­ Kappler became a staff member of employed. Linda Benjamin of Tiger gle word for two of the four maga­ the gossipy weekly after several years Beat began her career in public rela­ zines emblazoned with her face. with Life magazine and Time-Life tions and advertising. “I always liked Unlike Barrett, who gained her Books. He said he had the opportun­ writing and I got real bored at my PR fame as a syndicated television ity to work for Time, but instead job,” she said. She applied for a job at columnist for Metromedia Televi­ opted for the new People. “Nobody Laufer Publications “just when they sion, rival Joyce Haber has earned at Life liked Time, ** he said in a needed someone.” Her training for her gossip queen title for her work manner befitting a professional gos­ reporting? “I took a class at UCLA.” with print journalism. Haber’s sip monger. “They tortured the Eng­ A phone call to Sterling publica­ column is syndicated by the Los lish language and were committed to tions in New York revealed the Angeles Times. Republican candidates.” backgrounds of most of Modern The two women’s feuds have been Kappler said he feels that People is Screen"^ editorial staff. A spokesper­ well reported, as were old Hollywood as credible a publication as Time or son for the magazine, Deborah Her- gossips Louella Parsons’ and Hedda Newsweek, a notion much to the con­ shey, said as far as she knew no one Hopper’s. Most of the tiffs have trary of People"^ many critics. writing for Modern Screen gradu­ involved one being mad at the other Another syndicated gossip colum­ ated in journalism. for “scooping” a big story. Haber nist, Liz Smith, landed her job at the “We have some English graduates; once said, in a characteristically tart ^one in speech pathology and a few in rebuttal, “My audience is different drama,” she said. than Rona’s. Mine can read.” The most visible professional gos- Most of the anger directed toward sipmonger (and the one people the gossips is not from one another automatically link to the word “gos­ but from maligned celebrities. Haber sip” is New Yorker Rona Barrett. and Barrett have both reported Every morning millions of people receiving hate mail in the form of tune in ABC-TV’s “Good Morning conventional telegrams to a parcel America” show to watch Rona Bar­ post tarantula. rett’s segment from Hollywood: Actor Tony Curtis had a few words to say about Barrett after she broadcast what he maintained was an inaccurate story. “My main com­ plaint is that she’s a liar.” Gossip And The Future The general trend of gossip publi­ cations seems to be a movement toward greater respectability. Plans are currently afoot to revamp Rona Barrett’s Hollywood into a gossip magazine with in-depth interviews (example: “What it is like to be a male porno star?”). In a move to expand the focus and credibility of People, Kappler said that publication has added a regular section on science. Whether those changes will elicit respect from the masses is an issue that will have to be resolved over time. For now, it is quite safe to say that gossip has become one of the mainstays of print and broadcast journalism. It has arrived. ■

September 7 Home Brew. Today, beer-brewing no longer brewing beer is, he made his first few The words conjure to mind the pic­ carries the same connotations that it batches while he lived on campus in ture of a sleazy Chicago speakeasy, once did. Its status has changed dras­ Gamma Hall. circa 1930, complete with dirty tically since the days of Prohibition. “I used the stove in the TV lounge siphon hoses, fat little bartenders and What was once a felony is now a for the brewing part, then just set the rows and rows of bathtubs bubbling hobby enjoyed by thousands. In fact, bottle in the corner of my room to over with suds. Only it’s not soap, it’s if the possibility of having an unlim­ ferment,” he said. beer. ited supply of beer is of interest, “My father made beer when he The beer brewed back then must you’d probably be delighted to learn lived in the dorms at Washington have had some kind of romantic just how easy home brewing is. State University,” Reister added. quality to it. It must have had some­ ‘Tt’s almost as fun to make it as it is “I guess I got the idea from him.” thing other than alcohol to make up to drink it,” said Western student Lois Tarrance manages Wine Art for what it lacked in taste. But what­ Dave Reister, 24, 1200 Garden St. & Beverage, 1305 Commercial St., ever that something was, it must have Reister started making his own with her husband Bill. She is a local gotten lost somewhere back in the far beer a couple of years ago. To illus­ expert at brewing homemade beer. reaches of antiquity. trate just how simple the process of Wine Art is the only place in Bel-

8 Klipsun lingham where you can purchase all increase. She listed a number of rea­ tent of 5 to 6 percent, compared with the necessary equipment if you want sons for the rise in popularity, the the 3 percent alcohol content of to start brewing beer at home. most important being cost. commercial beers. “The process is a little more refined On the average, a case of beer can Both Tarrance and Reister suggest than what it used to be,” Tarrance cost between $6 to $8. Even a $5 case that the first thing to do if you want said. “It has become more scientific.” with the coming of the generic revo­ to try your brewmaster skills is to go The equipment to get started is lution can’t compare with the thrift to the library and check out a book available in a kit at Wine Art for of a homemade beer. It can cost you on it. They recommend the Art o f $32.95. The supplies used are basic. about $9 to make six gallons of home Making Beer. It lists all the equip­ A bathtub is no longer needed brew. This figures out to be about $3 ment and ingredients to make beer, unless you want your beer to taste a case. as well as giving step-by-step like Comet. A seven to eight gallon Another feature of brewing your instructions. plastic barrel will do the trick. This is own beer is that by adding different Beer brewing at home does have called a primary fermentor. You will blends of hops and barley, you can one drawback that you can’t get also need a seven to eight gallon glass substantially alter its taste. around. It takes a little effort on the bottle (carboy) to use as a secondary For example, if you wish to make hobbyist’s part to brew it, as well as fermentor. your beer taste like Miller beer, then four weeks of patience while the beer A fermentation lock that fits over you add bitter hops to it. In copying ferments and carbonates in the the neck of the secondary fermentor the tastes of Olympia and Rainier, a bottles. also is necessary. The fermentation milder mixture of hops and barley is In Washington State the law lock will allow carbon dioxide gas to required. regarding home brewing requires the escape while the beer is fermenting, After some experimentation Keis­ brewer to be of legal drinking age. It but won’t let any oxygen in to spoil ter has been able to make some pleas­ also limits the amount of beer any the brew. ing batches of beer. He claims that he one person can brew to 200 gallons A thermometer, syphon hose and has been able to make his best per year. hydrometer set are also required. The batches taste like Budweiser. Home Brew is a little more scien­ hydrometer is a device that will mea­ Reister buys all his ingredients at tific, a little more legal and a little sure the specific gravity of water. It Wine Art. They carry several blends more palatable than in the days of A1 will tell you when your beer has fin­ of hops and barley to make a wide Capone. Today, it’s a hobby that ished fermenting and when it is ready variety of tastes, even dark beer. more and more people are taking to to bottle. A hydrometer will also tell An interesting sidelight to home with a thirst. For reasons like cost you the potential alcohol content of brew is just how potent you can make and flavor, home brewed beer is the beer. the stuff. becoming a trend of the future that Tarrance said in the two years she By adding a little more brewers Just might offer you a taste of the has been at Wine Art, sales in beer­ yeast in the fermentation process you past. ■ making equipment have been on the can make a beer with an alcohol con­

The actual process of brewing beer is rather simple. A ture in the wort is 65 degrees, add your brewers yeast and typical example in making a Canadian lager beer is as cover the primary fermentor with plastic. follows: When the specific gravity has dropped by 20 degrees, Place two ounces of compressed hops into a muslin bag add finishing hops and syphon into the secondary fer­ and put it into one gallon of boiling water. Stir in one mentor. Attach the fermentation lock and in about two pound of extra pale malt and allow it to simmer for one weeks the beer is ready to be bottled. Add anti-oxidant hour. powder, heading liquid and a cup more of sugar. Pour four pounds of corn sugar into your primary Bottle, cap and in about 10 more days your beer is fermentor and dump in your simmered bath of malt ready to be chilled and served. and hops which is now called a wort. When the tempera­ —Mike Stoddard

September 9 by Susan Borter

10 a.m. again for the hundredth time, no time quickly thrown in. He starts the Steve’s small, lithe body hunches for that either. Thirty-five conten­ engine and revs the motor. They tear over the metallic frame, sweating ders for one goal — be first. out of the driveway at breakneck heavily — tense gut and short breath, He knows the race will be tough. speed, ignoring the speed limits and he counts the seconds to the start. For one thing, a professional racer almost running stop signs. The pre­ One black-leather foot rests on tip­ will be leading the pack. Thirty-four race fear and tension cramps his toe, holding his lightweight frame in amateurs and one pro. Great. stomach and makes his palms sweat. a ballet pose. His other foot runs the Breakfast seems like 10 hours ago, “Why do we bother?” he asks pedal backwards nervously. He and no time is left to let the food sink aloud, to no one in particular. No doesn’t hear the sound — the into his system properly. Some meal. one answers. They are each intent on whirring o f the chain through well- He thinks back on the rushed morn­ similar pains and fears. oiled gears. His palms twist the ing. Everything that possibly could “Why do we bother?,” he persists. curved handlebars tightly, feeling the go wrong, did. “I mean, we’re probably late now, worn tape through weathered gloves, 9 a.m. why don’t we just quit, sit this one his fingers open to the air for He gulps down five bowls of out?” He waits for an answer. ventilation. Wheat Chex and Sugar Pops, five Silence. “I used to be good, 1 used to Hot rays of blinding sunlight beat donuts, three glasses of juice and two train hard for this,” he says. “I’ve down on the dry, dusty trail; a bicycle milks, a nutritional conglomerate stuck with this sport longer than herd stirs up the dust, readying for guaranteed to hold him through the most racers. They usually drop out the stampede, the break and chase usual day —but not the race. early when they realize the time and down a quiet, country lane. The 9:15 a.m. money it takes.” racers’ minds are filled with un­ He finishes his sugar-coated meal He snaps out of his monologue in spoken messages — catch up ... stay and races back down the hill to the time to hit the brakes, seeing the stop up ... keep pedaling ... don’t get dorm. The Suburban is ready and sign at the last minute. “I’m only dropped ... don’t get left behind. waiting in the turn-around. The mediocre now because I don’t train A last-minute panic hits him: ‘7 monstrous gold machine amply like I used to.” He checks the rear­ can’t win ... I ’m not ready ...no time holds four racing bikes and an equal view mirror and realizes no one is to warm up ... I’m not even in shape! number of passengers. Steve and his listening. He sighs. “It’s such a lot of ... What am I doing here?... Why am three friends dismantle the bicycles’ hard work.” I doing all this ...I should be in bed, front tires and pack them behind the Finally, the starting lot is in sight. sleeping, watching TV, or even seat. Steve supervises. It’s hard to miss. Cars line both sides studying!” “No, no, not that one. Put this one of the narrow two-lane road; bicycle His eyes glance in jerks at the in front, then the blue one.” He slams clothing, equipment and gear lay others surrounding him. The close the door, leaving the window down. strewn out beside them. Sports cars group feels tense, hot; he has to go “Now the tires,” he adds. They are with bikes mounted on the trunks

10 Klipsun appear mouse-like next to elephant cal to him; it’s a matter of knowing they are soft, squishy and easy to eat campers and pickup trucks. The when and how to push himself, more on the road. They don’t dry his chrome on the bumpers and mirrors being experienced than being in mouth or make him any thirstier catches the sun and blinds Steve’s shape. Five years of racing has taught than he already is. Plus, he doesn’t eyes for an instant as he slows and him well. have to worry about saving garbage. drives by, looking for a possible spot. He dresses in the car, slumped He just tosses the skins as he rides. He settles for one not far down the down in the front seat, wriggling in He walks over to the table and road beside a deep drainage ditch and out of clothes. Every piece has signs the accident release form, forg­ and some brambles. been designed to prevent ing his father’s name because he is They get out and begin unloading. overheating. under 21 and legally must have one of Racers crowd around the card table His gloves are leather, crocheted his parent’s signatures. that doubles as a registration center, loosely on the back with cotton He doesn’t have time to warm up perched at an angle on a small clump string. He wears light nylon foot before the race as he usually does, of weeds off the road. Most have socks, purchases in the women’s de­ riding down the road and back for a changed into their racing costumes: partment at J.C. Penney’s. few miles, easily, to loosen his long, black, sleek racing shorts that His shoes are special $40 Italian muscles and ready his legs. hug the buttocks and thighs, racing cleats. They have steel inserts 10 a.m. specially made with chamois lining to and arches to prevent bending, and The race begins. prevent saddle sores. No room for one metal cleat, used especially for The category II riders leave first. underwear. climbing hills. They are given a five-minute lead Those who finish registering, par­ He once wore a leather helmet — before the category I riders as a ade before the spectators, displaying stuffed leather strips wrapped handicap. Normally, they would brightly colored jerseys. Each body around the head like fat black start with the Ts and wouldn’t stand a seems the perfect athletic type: long sausages and strapped under the chance. The official gives the starting and lean, short and lean, young or chin. This style proved unsafe, how­ word and they obey. old. ever; someone died in a race the 'As one large pack, they roll up No protruding bellies in this previous year wearing one. So now onto the hot asphalt, a clean-cut bunch, only muscular arms and legs, he wears a plastic, half-walnut shell band of Hell’s Angels on quiet strong backs with slogans and club with ventilation. wheels. The colors are more reminis­ names written across them, plastic or 9:45 a.m. cent of horse racing; their trusty paper numbers pinned below. They Steve packs bananas into the three metallic steeds carry them down the look professional, but Steve knows pockets sewn in the back of his jersey. lane and out of sight. They are gone the clothes don’t make the best Besides water, they are the only nour­ before you can blink twice. racers. ishment he will carry. He packs Steve’s group is next. They line up Racing is more mental than physi­ bananas, as for every race, because on the side of the road. The official

September 11 reads off the few rules for this race, they hit the hills and leave more and “You’re giving up, eh?” he asks, “Don’t go over the center line ... more riders behind. shaking the sweat off his neck and No food handed o u t... don’t swerve “You wheel sucker,” one yells at back like a dog. He rubs his glove or ride wild.” another as they almost crash to­ across his wet forehead. His legs con­ Heads down, ears shut off to the gether. “Where did you learn to tinue pumping. world, they hear nothing, each lost in ride?” “Yeah, I can’t make it. I’m out of his own thoughts. They have heard He whizzes by the exhausted man, shape.” Steve wiggles his shoulders the rules so many times before. who drops back and stops pedaling, and rubs his neck, feeling the tension Muscles tighten in shoulders and knowing he is through. “If you can’t ease. “This will just have to be a train­ necks as they wait for the magic take it, don’t race,” is the other’s ing race for me.” parting shot. word. They talk little after that. “What “Go!” Outside the town of Alger, the hills can I say after quitting?,” Steve asks Thirty-five racers push off the appear. Steve has been keeping up, himself. He’s glad he has someone to ground with one foot, pressing down even at the 30 mph pace, but he ride with, but hates to have someone on the pedal with the other. begins to slip. along when he’s given up. Adrenalin rushes when the skinny His neck is very stiff, tight. His “When I get dropped, I get the tires meet the road, metal cleat muscles, stretched to the limit, make feeling Tm never going to win again,” crashes with metal pedal as the other him pay for the strain of the hard he says. The Canadian nods foot locks into place. Legs begin to sprints. sympathetically. pump, slowly at first, building up His light breathing becomes speed, moving up and down like heavier, sweat pours down his face in “I know,” he says. “It happens to pistons cranking out power. little rivers from his eyes to his chin, all of us.” Eyes down, backs hunched, they blown off by the wind. His hands grip They continue to ride hard, are intent only on the wheel directly the bars tighter. He coughs hard keeping a good pace. They pass other in front of them, inches away. The twice and spits, clearing his lungs, riders who have dropped out scenery zips by without so much as a but loses needed air at the same time. completely, pedaling only to keep glance. The spectators could be “Keep pushing ... keep pushing ... from falling. Fifty-three miles is no statues, the trees birds, clouds and keep pushing ...” It becomes a chant distance for beginners. lake could be dry flatland; they running through his brain that he “Well, we won’t have to worry wouldn’t notice. can’t shut off. about getting boxed in, anyway,” Steve surges to the front and Relief. They reach the top of the Steve says. “I hate to crash.” falls in behind another racer as the hill and begin to descend. Slowing Usually, near the end of a race, he group forms a pace line. Each racer their pedaling, they gulp the cool rides up to the front of the pack to see follows another in single file, moving breeze and pray for shade. Steve is and stays just behind one good rider up one side of the lane away from the shaky, but still holding on. He has to block the wind. In the last few wind, reaching the front and dropp­ dropped back to the second group yards’ sprint, he takes off, pushing ing off on the other side, blocking it —the first is long since gone, out of his hardest to pass and cross the for the others. Steve pedals to the sight. The Canadians have the race finish line first. He knows the strat­ front and drops back on the right, won, he knows. egy well. cutting off the wind for the others His confidence diminishes rapidly This race he doesn’t have the moving up on his left. They stream when he glances up and sees more chance. The finish line comes in forward, passing him until he is again hills in the distance near a village sight. The Canadian and Steve cross at the end. He pumps harder to again called Park. He wishes he was back in at almost the same time; Steve is just pass the racers on his right. The pace bed, asleep. He starts to drop back, barely in the lead. It doesn’t matter. line runs in a continuous circle, accel­ ready to give up. He’s too tired to care. erating the race because the wind, “C’mon, move up. You can do it,” He hunches over the bars and which usually slows them down, is presses another racer as he passes hangs his feet, almost dragging them diminished. alongside. “Don’t give up yet. Give it on the ground. He lets the bike carry “Look out, idiot, ” Steve hollers at one more try. C’mon, push!” him down the road, past the on­ one panting racer who decides to The adrenalin surges once more. lookers, past the clouds, the trees, the drop out, unable to keep up. The He catches up, his confidence re­ lake. He notices nothing. His head bikes are so close that any sudden turns, he feels good. Then they hit the hangs low and loose. swerving or slowing could cause a hills. The bike finally slows. He turns crash. He gets dropped once more, and and rides it back, dropping it in the The race is fast, no chance to carry this time, he gives up. They pass him grass. It feels strange to be off the seat on a conversation. All effort is put up, one by one, grinning and yelling and walking on hard ground again. into pedaling and breathing. Usually themselves hoarse. He could strangle He plops on the sparse grass and the riders sing, whistle to psyche out them. He feels sick physically and thinks back over the last two hours. their opponents, or they talk to their mentally. A rider slows near him, He knew he had the experience, just friends, keeping morale up. This race another tired loser, another dis­ not the stamina. they merely grunt, moan and pant as appointed racer. It had been a long race. ■

12 Klipsun by Brian VanderHaak

The work-hardened and age- Antique hands are placed firmly to relives his memories. wrinkled hands have hitched the steady antique plow. The wooden His memories are of the small harness to the plow countless times. handles have been worn smooth and farming community of Lynden. His They do the work with skill and shiny by the sandpaper rough hands. past is part of Lynden’s history. speed. The steel blade shows wear but the You still can see Lynden’s history The man flexes his hands and rubs edge is finely honed to slice the thick in the horses and early machines that them to alleviate the stiffness. The sod. developed the area. The diligent speed of working the leather harness As the boy backs away, the power­ interest and hard work of the farm over the massive beasts has dimin­ ful Belgians strain the leather and folk and townspeople have preserved ished somewhat, “arthritis, you sidestep in anticipation. A quick these things and the skills to use know,” but everything is done metic­ glance at the placement of the horses, them. They are shared regularly with ulously with no compromising for a forward lean and the steel blade the public. quality. bites deep into the earth. Last spring, Cornelius Verduin, The old man squints at the efforts The boy, left standing by the fresh 76, prepared himself and his horses of his grandson to do some last- furrow, admires the man’s skill and for the annual plowing match just as minute grooming on the Belgian dreams of the year when he’ll be he has every year since it began, 39 draft horses. The manes and tails of allowed to handle the team. springs ago. On the rainy Saturday of the two animals are intricately The old man knows it’s 1980, but the match, he guided his sharp hand- braided and garnered with bright here with the horses he feels like it’s plow and 2,000-pound Belgian draft blue ribbons. The tight knots flutter 60 years ago. A faint smile softens the horses down a grassy pasture and as the horses bob their heads but each lines of concentration on his wea­ created one-third of an acre of falls neatly back into place. thered face. While he plows, he plowed art.

September 13 “The match hasn’t changed much horses and plows,” he said. rated in 1972 to bring these collectors over the years, and we hope to keep it “Do you understand?” he asked. together. from changing,” Verduin said. Scott Polinder, 24, understood as The association is active with a “We’ve got a public address system he worked and sweated his way to variety of shows designed to display now but you don’t want the thing first place in the main division last and operate the accumulated equip­ blaring all the time while the farmers spring and so did 17-year-old Craig ment. Along with the shows, it spon­ get together and talk,” he said. Wilder when his team won the boys’ sors a tractor-pulling contest at the Verduin loves the challenge of division. Northwest Washington Fair that fea­ tures antique equipment exhibiting plowing in a contest that requires A time existed when horses did complete concentration and the total its muscle. almost all the work on the Lynden The horses also appear at the fair cooperation of horses, plow and farms, but eventually the area moved man. He remembers a time when all but this time they’re attached to into the mechanized age. First the brightly painted wagons. As the plowing was done with horses and machines merely eased the horses you could tell a farmer’s skill from wagons slowly ease ont .he race­ tasks, but soon the clattering tractors track every summer, the spectators the straightness of his furrows. and simple engines replaced them. When Verduin and the other old marvel at the beauty of the carefully Lynden has a very active group of masters die, the plowing craft won’t matched teams. collectors who are dedicated to the die with them. Several wagons take positions restoration and preservation of along the track and at a signal from “This year we featured youth to antique machinery. The Puget the announcer they accelerate amidst show that when we old fellows are Sound Antique Tractor and the sound of pounding hooves and gone there’ll still be a future for the Machinery Association was incorpo­ wagon master shouting commands.

14 Klipsun With careening precision and reck­ and 50-year-old tractors brightly manure and freshly turned sod at the less speed, the wagons perform sud­ reflected in the sunlight, are visions plowing match. Lynden’s history is den turns and veering patterns often from the past etched on the mind. heard in the bang, clatter and hiss of coming within hand-shaking dis­ antique engines as the men putter The owner of an antique “usually tance of other teams. The action and curse to keep their beloved slows with the wagons resuming their tears it down to nothing and starts all machines running. Lynden’s heritage original positions to allow horses, over, even replacing whole fenders is seen in the golden wheat chaff wagon masters and the crowd to and original operation decals,’’ Jay sticking to striped overalls at the catch their breaths. Van Lant, 26, a long time collector, threshing bee. Every autumn, the antique explained. This process requires To live in Lynden is to receive an machinery club highlights its year’s hundreds of man hours but “that’s inheritance of the wealth of history activities with the threshing bee. The the only way to get a really good that’s to be found there. You don’t, association uses antique equipment restoration,’’ he said. however, have to live there to catch to farm about 15 acres of wheat and All these things blend to make the flavor of the past. A visit to any then threshes it at a spectacular gath­ Lynden an unusual town. All things number of Lynden celebrations is a ering in the fall. are done with an eye on the past and chance to partake of the past with all The sight of wind-blown chaff swirl­ an awareness of Lynden’s heritage. of your senses, and glory in the ac­ ing in the steam and diesel smoke. Lynden’s heritage is the smell of complishments of days long gone.*

Itet'leelUms on a sm all loirii In pioneer times they cleared the forests of northern style caps with John Deere written on the front. I looked Whatcom County and created the town of Lynden, dedi­ at the machines and saw a lot of wasted time polishing cated to the land and committed to farming. and puttering. They saw Lynden’s heritage. The community soon became dominated by conserva­ I left Lynden for a time and saw places that had lost tive farmers. They zealously tilled the new fields in an their heritage. Thousands of people would be clustered effort to create a future for their children. together and not know what had gone before or what Quite often, the efforts of past generations to create a forces had manipulated their elders. No one belonged to legacy are forgotten, but that never happened in Lynden. the place where they lived, nor did the place seem to Our fathers passed on the history of their fathers for us to belong to them. learn from and delight in. When I returned, the shows no longer looked like men While I was growing up in Lynden, I didn’t understand playing with toys and the matches weren’t just old folks what it all meant. I didn’t understand why a friend’s reminiscing. Now I understood. garage was packed with rusting tractors while his father’s Lynden is more than a town, it’s a way of life. Life in new Oldsmobile stood out in the rain. Lynden would not be complete unless one realized its My friends and I didn’t realize how important it all was hard working history. when we rode our bikes to the plowing matches. The That history is, in part, mine and it gives me the birth­ adults would meander around the long, straight furrows right to be a part of that town. I have just realized an even and talk in reverent tones about the plowmen’s skill. The greater inheritance than that. Lynden has become a part kids just generally hung out and acted cool. of me with the memories of warm barn smells, and long Eventually, my friends began to see something I didn’t. fields of yellow hay and tall grasses. We d stand side by side at the antique machinery shows. It is always with me. They’d spit at all the right times and tug their baseball —Brian VanderHaak

September 15

DmE BmiNN^D by Gregg Olsen Northwest Coast Indian red and black sculpins twist by “whites” and other non-natives (yet sold as “native stark mysterious images across cedar poles and around art”) and the practice of reworking fossilized ivory figures the rims of handwoven baskets. To the touch, an ivory or using “fresh” ivory are two of the schemes used to cash polar bear seems cool and smooth. But the bear is a fraud in on Indian heritage and the Coast art boom. and the sculpin’s mystery no longer lies in the artwork’s Peter Macnair, ethnologist at the Provincial Museum heritage or meaning, rather in its authenticity. in Victoria, B.C., said protective legislation on both sides Coast Indian art is being snatched up with a vehemence of the border has caused an influx of fraudulent ivory never seen before by the residents of the area that spans pieces into the market. Alaska to Oregon. Collectors—professionals or novices After both nations levied laws which protect some looking for an investment—have developed a lust for the marine mammals, fresh ivory became outlawed except art that their forefathers once attempted to annihilate. for the traditional uses necessary to native cultures. Only Unwittingly, people purchase the baskets, wood or natives could possess and carve the ivory from recently stone carvings and prints believing the value stems from killed marine mammals, such as walruses and whales. its creator, the native artist. In many cases, it does. The rest of the art world had to make do with objects Recently, however, some collectors have discovered that carved from archeological whalebone or fossilized ivory. their newly acquired piece is a phony; the product of an Entrepreneurs with questionable ethics seized the artistic sham. opportunity to exploit the demand of ivory pieces by Besides the schlock Indian art produced by cheap sou­ selling illegal fresh ivory as fossilized, or by commission­ venir mills, more subtle types of fraudulent art have ing artists to carve new designs on fossilized ivory. surfaced and nearly inundated the market. Art produced Over the past few years, Macnair said more than a half

18 Klipsun dozen people have approached him with the same story. among haute and not-so-haute collectors who prize the “It seems that they were all able to purchase ivory pieces Haida’s meticulous craftsmanship. “If it’s good, it’s for a real bargain.” H^ida. If it’s Haida, it’s good.” The carvings were genuine ivory, the ethnologist said, The Haidas have had some problems with argillite that adding that there is some simulated plastic-like ivory on are not so good, however. Few dealers and collectors the market, but “it was the style that was faked.” Many of beyond the immediate area of British Columbia are those pieces shown to Macnair were “crude enough” that familiar with the stone. It follows that if they are unaware someone with a background in Coast art could spot of the value of the stone, they won’t buy it. facsimiles. One dealer mentioned that a customer came into his gallery with a valuable argillite totem that he purchased As Macnair noted, “Even the so-called experts get in Portland, Ore. for a mere $1.50. The Portland dealer fooled.” didn’t realize what he was selling. Commercial art dealers are often the experts As one Haida said, “They just don’t know the quality approached when people have ivory pieces they wish to of the stone.” have authenticated. It is not always a simple task. Pearlite, Inc., an assembly-line art company in Van­ David Franklin, proprietor of the Whale House, said, couver, B.C., is giving the Haida’s argillite and art enthu­ of all Indian art mediums, ivory is the most difficult to siasts another run for the money. Pearlite manufactures authenticate. The Seattle dealer said he has been con­ reproductions of argillite totems for sale to tourists. tacted many times by persons who wish to sell recent Manager Chris Walsh said his firm’s products, made of

carvings on fossilized ivory. Their ploy is a clever one: an a mixture of a polyester compound and crushed black attempt to cross the fine line that exists between art object rock, are not a threat to the Haida’s or real argillite’s and genuine artifact. reputations. He maintains that the two “argillites” are Because of their archeological and historical value, competing in different markets. artifacts can command higher prices than some contem­ “You really can’t compare them. It would be like com­ porary pieces. In the quest for extra cash, Macnair said paring a Rembrandt hanging in a museum gallery with a some natives and whites have attempted to pass off their print hanging in anyone’s home,” Walsh said. pieces as equal to museum quality. Walsh said the designs of Pearlite’s products are accu­ “Just two weeks ago, someone brought me a mask that rate renditions of Haida carvings. Haidas design the orig­ was a fake,” Macnair said. “Stylistically, it was okay. But inal artwork for the firm and sell the rights of the design. it was crudely antiqued.” Artists are paid royalties for copies sold, Walsh said. Although Macnair said some of the fakes are so blatant Walsh makes no pretentions about the replicas. He a layman could spot them, Franklin said that is not so doesn’t claim they are “native produced” or anything with ivory carvings. other than inexpensive souvenirs. “Eskimo ivory carvings are usually so simple and His prices confirm that. Averaging $10 price tags, the standard that it is hard to tell if it is 30 or 50 years old, or Pearlite figures are substantially cheaper than real argil­ two days old,” he said. lite pieces which can sell for $ 100 to $ 125 per inch, he said. Ivory objects are not the only art pieces involved in the Even though the pieces are marketed as curios and not Indian art dilemma. objets d’art, some Indians have said that the replicas Rich, smoky argillite, a soft black slate, is the stone of existence on the market threatens and cheapens authentic the Haida Indians of British Columbia. Often cited as the Coast art. Walsh admitted that he has received com­ “master craftspeople” of all Northwest Indian groups, the plaints from Indians concerned about the phony argillite Haidas mine and carve the stone on the Queen Charlotte but, as he said, “If I don’t (manufacture the facsimiles), Islands. The islands, off the Northern B.C. coast, are said the Japanese will.” to be the only place where argillite can be found. His assertion was confirmed by museum personnel and Ethnologist Macnair reiterated a rumor circulating dealers. Said one Bellingham ivory dealer: “A lot of ivory

September 19 is sent to Japan or India where it is carved and sent back One Indian woman, whose brother is an artist, said she here and passed off as real Indian art.” is “irritated” when she sees white craftsmen and artists Several years ago, Indian Arts and Crafts, Inc., of dabbling in native styles. “Even if they aren’t passing it off Seattle, was involved in a court battle with the Federal as native art and are just copying the style, it still bothers Trade Commission for six years. The FTC charged that me,” she said. the company purchased its goods in India and was sel­ David Franklin, dealer and artist, said he occasionally ling them as “Indian made.” Wrong Indians, though. hears negative comments from natives that he creates President of the firm, Walter Lowen, said Indian Arts works of art in the Northwest Coast tradition. He said he and Crafts has been vindicated. But he added that other respects the Indian’s art and maintains that the respect is companies are engaged in the same geographic double­ not abridged by his carving. dealing the FTC said his firm had committed. It is a After all, he pointed out, art and culture are not some­ common practice today, he said, especially in the thing that can be registered or copyrighted. Southwest. “You can’t walk up to a native and tell him that he can’t Indian Arts and Crafts, Inc., purchases small totem wear tennis shoes, play a guitar or go to church just poles, masks and soapstone carvings from Northwest because it isn’t in his culture.” Indian artists and supplies retail outlets with the handi­ Franklin said he knows of dealers and artists who sell crafts. “We do not manufacture them as some Indians phony art as authentic by placing deceptive labels on the say,” Lowen said. piece. Still others use a more subtle ruse, telling custo­ The pieces are strictly “souvenir trinkets,” Lowen said. mers that the art is the creation of an Indian, but neglect-

not the quality serious collectors would be interested in ing to mention that the native is only “one-thirty-second owning. Indian.” Nevertheless, a spokesperson for United Indians of All One dealer said some baskets displayed in a few Seattle Tribes in Seattle, Evonne Demmert, said she thinks Low- shops recently as authentic Northwest Coast Indian work en’s firm should have the word “Indian” eliminated from were woven in the Philippines. The dealer said, “One its name. person came in twice with baskets painted with North­ “They don’t sell Indian arts and crafts. What they are west Coast designs. He had an inventive story, but I doing is cashing in on the Indian name and ripping off the didn’t fall for it.” Indian artists at the same time,” Demmert said. Apparently several other dealers in Seattle were not as Lowen disagreed. “We are helping Eskimos and Indi­ shrewd; the baskets are for sale in several antique shops ans. We’ve always helped them. We’re buying from some as “native” art. artist whose grandparents we bought from.” The dealer further said the baskets probably were Indian Arts and Crafts, Inc., has had its name since its purchased in the Puget Sound area for the express pur­ door opened in 1946, Lowen said, and had not received pose of forging Coast designs on them and selling them to any complaints “until things changed.” unsuspecting dealers or collectors. The “things changed” remark is a reference to the “I wouldn’t doubt that the artist read Indian art books recent resurgence of Indian pride in art and culture. to get the designs. They were very authentic,” the dealer Indian groups across the continent have filed lawsuits said. against non-natives who have amassed fortunes by The fact that the con man/artist was a native made his exploiting Indian heritage. story all the more credible. An additional conflict stirring in the Indian art world To avoid falling victim to such a rip-off scheme, those involves the creator of the artwork. Some natives are interested in acquiring Coast art should deal with reputa­ questioning whether it is legitimate for white artists to ble dealers. A check with the local museum or art associa­ carve in the Indian tradition. Some wonder if the white tion usually renders a list of those with honorable artists can truly understand and appreciate the cultural reputations. heritage they are attempting to duplicate. But it is no guarantee. ■

20 Klipsun The sun is shining, it’s 72 degrees F., you’re trudging through the VU Plaza with 25 pounds of books in your arms en route to another mind- numbing lecture when you casually glance down at the bay. You see tiny white triangles slowly gliding against CWTO the blue background of water and sky. For a few seconds you stand hypnotized. Then the pain in your laden arms reminds you of class. And at that point, you seriously begin questioning the priorities in your life. In Bellingham, it’s possible to be part of that enchanting scene without dropping out of school. If your budget is tight, opportuni­ ties exist to take inexpensive sailing lessons or to rent dinghies on a daily basis. Or if you happen to have an extra $ 1,500 and a week to spare, you could charter a 40-foot sloop com­ plete with skipper, cook, wine and prepared meals and learn why Jimmy by Trade Hornung Buffet sings so much about sailing.

LESSONS If you don’t know how to sail, les­ sons are offered in Bellingham throughout the year except in winter. Western’s physical education depart­ ment offers a beginning sailing class in spring and fall at Lakewood on Lake Whatcom. For learning advanced sailing techniques. Western’s Viking Sailing Club has a first-come, first-served policy of accepting new students, Stacey Wilson, commodore of the sailing club, said. The free lessons, taught at Lakewood in the fall and spring, are given on Lazers or 420s, both 14-foot dinghies. Lakewood is in the process of renovation and Wil­ son said he expects the changes to include the addition of 16 new 420s and five Lazers. For $25, four two-hour lessons are available through the Whatcom County Parks Department. Begin­ ners’ classes are given on Lake Sam- ish in six eight-foot El Toros, Pat Milliken of the Parks Department said. With only one student in each boat, the basics of sailing are learned quickly. The instructor teaches from a nearby chase boat. Milliken said it’s an ideal method of instruction since the boats are simple to sail and the student has no one to depend on but himself.

September 21 Classes are taught spring and sum­ Samish Park rents two 420s for $4 Chartering a sailboat is one of the mer week nights and on Saturdays in an hour in the summer. To prove best ways to “get away from it all” in the fall. He added that intermediate your sailing skills, you’re required to style, and in Bellingham, chartering sailing lessons can be arranged if any­ rig the boat yourself, to ans^wer basic opportunities abound. one is interested. questions about sailing and to take a The San Juan Cruising Center The Northwest Sailing School, short on-the-water test. Dennis Con­ offers charter boats complete with a Inc. offers the most complete sailing nor, a park employee, said it helps to skipper, cook, food and provisions instruction in Bellingham. Ann have a Western or Red Cross sailing for a week or more, or just a “bare” Fleming, instructor and owner, card. boat for the day. Prices run from offers beginning, intermediate and about $ 100 for a bare boat day sail to advanced lessons in the spring, CRUISES $ 1,800 a week for a boat with or with­ summer and fall on Bellingham Bay. Whether or not you have sailing out a skipper. The Cruising Center Each class consists of three lessons at experience, you can be part of a has 18 sailboats to choose among, three hours each. A group rate (four Whatcom County Parks Depart­ ranging in size from 27 to 50 feet. people) for each class is $45 per ment summer cruise through the San Intrepid Boat Sales, Inc. charters person. Semi-private (two people) is Juan Islands. Six people can go on a primarily bare boats but can provide $80 per person and private lessons skippered weekend cruise for $60 per a skipper upon request. It has nine are $140. person, Milliken said. Everyone boats from 24 to 36 feet in a price must bring his own food and the range of $75 to $300 per week. This year she added two new group plans and cooks the meals. If a Both charter businesses require classes. After a student has com­ group wanted to save money, Milli­ you to answer questions about your pleted beginning and intermediate ken added, he would try to accom­ sailing experience but you’re on your classes, he can take a basic cruising or modate them by finding a skipper honor. Rarely is your background a basic racing class. The cruising with a less “fancy” boat. researched to find out if you’re telling class emphasizes chart reading, This summer the Parks Depart­ the truth. But as Terry Hileman of compass use, learning tide and cur­ ment started a new evening cruise Intrepid and Charlie Liddington of rent tables, studying weather pat­ program. The skippered cruises, the Cruising Center said, each busi­ terns, anchoring techniques and week nights between 5-10 p.m., cost ness reserves the right to test you on course plotting. The racing class $18 per person. This is an excellent the water and if your abilities are covers advanced sail trim, how to use way to unwind after a day at work or questionable, to put a skipper on a spinnaker, mast-tuning, racing school. your boat at your expense. rules and “go-fast” strategies. The cruising and racing classes are sched­ uled when convenient for the stu­ \ dents, Fleming noted. Fleming’s instruction is flexible in other ways. Anyone taking private lessons can vary the course content to emphasize whatever sailing skills he wants to learn.

DAY RENTALS Any Western student can rent a 14-foot boat for the day at Lake- wood, Friday through Monday, as long as he possesses a sailing card. A student must pass an open-book written test and an on-the-water test to qualify for the card which costs $3 for a quarter or $6 a year. If anyone wishes to rent the largest sailboat at Lakewood, a 21-foot Victory, he must have a sailing card and pass the written, closed-book skipper’s test. Many questions on that test deal with racing, Wilson said. If someone wants bigger-boat experience, he added, the club can usually find someone with a boat in Squalicum Harbor who will lend it for a day sail on Bellingham Bay.

22 Klipsun The Parks Department will probably sponsor a series of “low pressure” dinghy races this fall, Milliken said, on Lakes Samish or Whatcom. Western’s sailing club races its 420s and Lazers on Lake Whatcom in the fall and spring. As part of the Northwest District, one of 18 in the nation, the club participates in regional regattas in the United States and Canada. When refurbishment at Lakewood is completed, the club will resume hosting regattas here, Wilson said. The spring, summer and fall Bell­ ingham Yacht Club races are the largest in town. Dozens of boats, ranging in size from 20 to 40 feet, sail in the races on Bellingham Bay. The best way to get involved in the yacht club series is to walk down the docks on Wednesday afternoon in spring or summer and on the weekends in fall, and simply ask any skippers if they need someone to crew. Usually several boats need bodies. The yacht club also sponsors a women’s series in the spring and summer on Tuesday nights. Rate reductions are available at charter. Food and its preparation is In Bellingham you can choose the both shops. Intrepid gives a 10 provided on a skippered cruise or amount of time and expense you percent discount on two-week char­ you can bring your own. Costs range want to put into sailing. Since the ters in the peak season and on char­ from $325-$900 for a bare boat and wind is free and the energy outlook ters scheduled before July 1 and after $200-$300 per person on skippered bleak, sailing could easily become September 15. The Cruising Center trips. one of your cheapest forms of enter­ offers a 15 percent discount on week- tainment. Whether you enjoy the long trips before June 1 and after RACING excitement of heavy weather racing Sept. 15. or just like to drift under the hot sun Bill and Gloria Sayles, of Sayles For someone who has taken sailing lessons and rented a dinghy or with a cold beer in hand, you’ll be Charters, have three skippered sail­ glad you discovered sailing. ing cruises to choose from. There’s a chartered a yacht, and is ready to see how he rates against other sailors, And what better way to forget day sail for $55 per trip, a two-day about economics class? ■ marine park overnighter to Matia or he’ll find racing is the best test. Sucia Island for $85 a couple and'a But racing is definitely not for cruise to Butchart Gardens on Van­ everybody. Many people sail because couver Island for $325 per couple. they enjoy the relaxation of it and The clients can plan their own racing is absolutely the antithesis of course, too. Food and sleeping gear relaxation. But if you enjoy compe­ are not provided. tition and more importantly, if you Chuck Lind, of Chuckanut Char­ want to improve your sailing skills, For your information: ters, offers several options for there’s no faster way to do it than by Chuckanut Charters 733-2125 charters on either his 32 or 41-foot racing. You’re forced to make quick Intrepid Boat Sales 676-1248 Coronado. Depending on your sail­ decisions which can become a valu­ Lakewood 733-9699 ing experience and your budget, you able asset in any kind of sailing emer­ Northwest Sailing School 734-7814 can choose a bare boat, an “assisted gency. Racing also sharpens your Samish Park 733-2362 charter” (you’re the skipper but an awareness of the boat and teaches San Juan Cruising Center 671-2004 experienced sailor familiar with the you how to control it in a variety of Whatcom Co. Parks 733-2900 islands comes along) or a skippered situations. Sayles Charters 384-4230

September 23 24 Klipsun September 25 Hello Muddah ...

Dear Mom, Dorm life is great I I*m really glad you talked me into living in these doms my first year up here at Western* I love the yr^ay these dorms are set up, it seems like there is something new and exciting going on all the time* For example, last week I went with a bunch of the guys on our floor down to Clayton Beach and had a picnic. It was really fun and we played games all day until it got too dark to see anymore* I was so tired after that I went back to the dorms and slept until noon the next day. I don*t know if I explained this to you or not, but the way these dorms are set up, I ’m living on a floor with 12 other guys. XAll of them are great, esp ecially my roommate. Matt* Matt and I hit it off from the very start* I think i t ’s because we have similar lifestyles* He is a junior and i t ’s nice to have someone a few years older to show you the ropes* An average night up hereat the dorms ussually ends by sitting down with some of your friends* Of course, we have to turn the stereos down by 11 because people are trying to sleep* The other night a guy from across the hall came over and said he had a test the next morning and asked us if we could please turn the music down a little early* We said that we were sorry and then turned our stereo off. We didn’t mind because we knew that if we had an early test, he’d do the same for us* The only senior on the floor is this guy named Space* Since he is the oldest, we all look up to him as a big brother* Space is majoring in horticulture and said he should be fin ish ed w ith i t any week now* There are also girls in this dorm and they are a 11 very nice* I ’m always saying ”hi” when I pass one in the hall. The dorm is sponsoring a dance tonight and I hope to dance with a few that I ’ve been getting to knoacw. I think i t ’s great the dorm does things like this* V/ell Mom, I have to stop writing now and start getting ready fxor the dance* I ’m really enjoying myself up here, but I ’m also learning a lot, too. Dorm life is great, and your’re welcome to come up here anytime and see for yourself* Just let me know ahead of time. Yoji know how I hate surprises.

26 Klipsun Hello Bruddah

Dear John, Dorm life is greatl And I just want you to know, little brother, what to expect when you come up to college next year. First off, you have to live in the dorms. There is nothing like it in the v/orld. Last week I went with a bunch of guys on this floor to Clayton Beach where we had a keg. Vife played drinking games all day till everything got too fuzzy to see. After that, we went back to the dorms where I promptly lost it. I blew chunks in the shower and the bathroom looked like a scene from ’’Psycho." I had such a hangover I didn*t get out of bed until noon the next day. I liv e w ith 12 other guys on th is flo o r. All of them are freaked out drug addicts, especially my roommate. Matt© Matt and I hit it off from the very first beer. I think it*s because we both have similar life styles - we drink constantly. He’s a junior and i t ’s nice to have someone a couple years older than ±spc you are to buy you booze and take you to p a rtie s . An average night up here at the dorms usually ends with us sitting in our rooms and rocking out to our stereos. ^«e turn them up so loud that they start knocking thumb tacks out of the walls. The other night about 11 this guy from acrooss the hall, a real jerk, came by and told us to turn it down. We just locked the door and shouted back that we couldn’t hear him because the stereos were too loud. The only senior on this floor is this guy named Space. He claims to have tried every drug in the world except for adrenachrome, and his girlfriend took that. He’s majorMing in PE and is growing pot under his bed. He thinks it should be ready in a couple v^eeks. The weekends are the rovfdiest times. I have started going to the library just to sleep. This is also a co-ed dorm and the girls are not to be believed. I ’m always running into one of them in the guy’s section o f the hall. The dorm has this dance going on tonight, so the guys thought we’d have a strawxberry daiquiri pre-function and invite about 20 girls. Vifell, I guess I should stop writing and start getting the blender warmed up. John, dorm life is great and you have to live here to believe it. You’re welcome to come up here anytime, ju s t don’t bring Mom.

Many firm handshakes, ^^'^Tke Mike Stoddard

September 27 Line-Standing Rib-Sticking Go-od! Although the campus food service. Holy Cows at Wawoo Saga, inspires a sincere belief that they are doing their best, there are My best friend Dave happened to be you in on four of Wawoo’s major two features of some annoyance that strolling about Hyde Park, London, holy cows. look like they aren’t ever going to not too terribly long ago when he change: long lines leading to crowded heard a tremendous “pop!”—that The Classic Confrontation dining halls, and heavy, starchy, pre­ kind of ambiguous newsreel crack This is one cow you will never dominantly chewy food. that leaves one in doubt as to whether escape here at Wawoo, but it’s espe­ The tendency among freshmen he’s heard a lorry backfire or an cially pertinent to your first quarter. seems to be to gain about 15 pounds embassy exploding. Whenever you meet someone new, in their first week at Western. After In this particular case, it happened you can count on them asking you being jostled in line for about 20 to be an embassy. The ace British the secret and sacred questions that minutes, most people build up troops had managed, just minutes make the social life here so especially enough anxiety and hunger that they before, to save the Iranians and kill meaningful: namely, “What’re you wolf down anything the server shoves their dastardly captors, but des­ taking this quarter?” and “Do you at them. troyed the Iranian embassy in the have a major?” Only experience will help you out process. My personal favorite answer to here. You can either become a very A long line of gunless Bobbies “what are you taking” is “phenobar- chubby person with an ulcer, or learn lined the street bounding the park bitol. ” There are several decent varia­ to use moderation. My only advice and the embassy, holding back the tions of facetious answers, most of would be to stick a book in your Londoners and tourists whose curi­ them in a military vein, to “what’s pocket for the line and a finger down osity could not get them close enough your major?” your throat for particularly heavy to the flaming building. Dave said he Whether to answer these questions bouts of over-indulgence. sort of followed a crowd through the seriously, or even ask them yourself, park, and was pretty busy keeping an is something you will have to decide Flushing the Showers: For Men Only eye on the embassy, so he didn’t on your own. It is a hallowed tradi­ Whoever he was, you have to have really respond right away when the tion here that offers about as much a sort of grudging respect for the guy woman next to him gasped, “My excitement and enlightenment as a who started this weirdest Wawoo God! They’re eating cheeps! The rerun of Gilligan’s Island. locker-room tradition. embassy’s burning and they’re eating The Only a Buck No-Car Surprise I keep trying to picture the guy in cheeps!** the back of my mind—probably “Who’s eating chips? What’re you You can get frustrated and stomp fresh out of the army, or from a high talking about?” Dave asked her. your feet all you want, but there is school with a very low water supply. “The bobbies. Can’t you see? The no way you are going to improve the parking crisis at Western. When Wherever, he somehow got the bloody embassy’s going up in flames idea that it was proper etiquette to and they*re eating cheeps!” Wawoo was built, no one had any idea it would become this popular, so holler “showers!” at the top of his Dave looked ahead, and sure lungs before flushing the toilet. He enough, that’s exactly what was we’re all going to have to live with the fact that only about one of every 15 was most likely laboring under the going on. The embassy was crackling impression that flushing was going to and sparking and getting ready to of us is going to get a parking spot. The one thing you are going to do something drastic to the water fall, and the bobbies were passing a supply—such as draining all the cold bag of potato chips down their long have to deal with, if you have a car, is tickets. Security loves to give them. water out of the system and scalding blue line, munching contentedly man to death the poor athletes in the to man. It’s sort of a day-long orgy for them, Is there a moral to a story like this? and people just don’t take the darn shower. If so, it’s that at least two ways exist things too seriously, since the fine is Alas, this is not the case. I have to deal with any situation that seems only $ 1. (At least it was at press time.) been in the shower numerous times very ridiculous or very serious when However, rest assured that if you when the call rang out. I have you can’t do anything about it. You prefer to be snotty or sneaky and not strained every nerve fiber to detect can either go into outraged shock at pay the piddling things, you will the slightest variation in temperature the burning of an embassy or fill your eventually find your car missing. You or water pressure, totally without stomach a bit and warm your face will have forgotten to pay your third success. and hands. You can either bow down ticket, and security will have towed The “shower!” warning is a pro­ to a holy cow, or shrug at its pam­ your wheels away. verbial boy-who-cried-wolf example. pered, useless flesh. Trying to argue with them about it Everyone knows nothing is going to The decision to shrug or bow is one will make your head ring painfully happen. you will have to make many times at for days and days. Everyone yells before they flush. Western, and, just to make those Good luck dealing with this Even me. ■ decisions a little easier. I’d like to let bureaucratic heifer. I prefer to walk. Rudy Yuly

28 Klipsun So, as I say, if you aim somewhere in the middle between these two The Order of the Pack extremes and scout around for one of Pack it in. Pack it up. Pack rat. Discount outlets do sell packs at those outdoorsy places, you really Rat pack. Pachyderm. Pack up your miniscule sums with miniscule seam can’t miss. troubles in your old kit bag and ... so allowances that will wrench apart The second, and most difficult, on. with an embarrassing riiiip right in part of the pack code follows the pur­ To tote or not to tote is not the the middle of Red Square. I assure chase. I know you have heard West­ question at this partially ivy-covered you. So let’s avoid the cheap crap. ern is what is known old-fashionedly institution, it is how one totes that as “laid-back,” but this is not always counts. true. Certain traditions have flour­ Higher education is not merely a ished here over the years, such as matter of superior intellect but addi­ rusty art, slick bricks, an over­ tionally that of a superior pack. A chlorinated pool and rhetorical superior pack?! If you will just whimsy from the Associated exhibit a smidgeon of patience, I Students. shall explain the “Code of the Pack The code of the pack fits right in. — Western Style” to those of you I cannot divulge exact require­ who have not tread upon the painted ments or necessities involved as my birds in Miller Hall. (If you do not sojourn here would be cruelly cut understand the previous reference, it short. Pack enforcers would miss is to you that I speak.) their fun if everyone knew the rules. I must point out that this is a I can drop a small hint or two, if I serious business. I cannot stress the am ever so careful. Do not, on pain of humiliations and subsequent low a large thwacking, wear both straps GPAs suffered by the unfortunate Other students, emboldened by at once. It is simply not done. The “new” persons who ignored the code their acceptance at this fine institu­ pack may be artfully dangled from of the pack. tion, have purchased rather over­ the left shoulder, or the right I will go over the points carefully, large contraptions complete with shoulder, depending on the signal but only once, so listen up. sleeping bag, cooking pots, mosquito you may wish to convey. Firstly, you must purchase a back netting and retractable fishing poles. No, I’ve said enough. Someone is pack before entering campus No doubt they have heard about the probably loosening my straps at this grounds so no one will suspect you coho salmon in Fisher Fountain. It very moment. I simply don’t trust the do not belong. But, and here is the is not wise to follow this trend as little buggers. tricky part, it cannot be just any old these sort usually go to Huxley and Don’t say I didn’t warn you. ■ nylon and plastic monstrosity. eat seeds. Nancy Walbeck Western's Unabridged An incomplete guide to Western terms and otherwise Klipsun — A Lummi Indian work meaning “beautiful insignificant trivia: sunset.” Professors — Frustrated Las Vegas entertainers with KUGS — Aboveground radio station with an under­ footnote-infested brains. Seek adulation. Rarely get it. ground flavor. Rhubarb. Call letters likely to conjure up Lectures — 50 minutes of academic drivel directed to an obscene act in listeners’ minds. 200 eager students. Eager to gang-bludgeon the lecturer. Vikings — A Kirk Douglas movie, award-winning India — Not a country in Asia. Star Wars cars and trusty athletic supporters. Grotto — Campus Romper Room. Degree available in School spirit — If found, please return to the ’60s. Rah. pinball wizardry. Term paper — A project representative of one quarter’s Dormitories — The Bellingham zoos and wildlife pre­ learning completed in 17 hours. Coherence unnecessary. serves. Maiming encouraged. Western Front — Hard-hitting student newspaper Old Main — Western’s Camelot. Comes furnished deserving of its reputation as the junior National with student prince, ivy-covered walls and monarchial Enquirer. policy of your choice. Red Square — A Russian transfer student who es­ For Handel — The more than $10,000 pyramid and pouses egalitarianism and thinks Olivia Newton-John is teepee frame with thyroid condition. “neat sky.” Blue Book — a) A precursor to terminal writer’s Wilson Library — Campus social center. Romantic cramp. How many words can you scribble in 50 minutes? encounters, 4E; Nirvana, 5W. Hurry. ■ b) Passport to a degree and your academic diary(rhea). Dave Miltenberger

September 29 The Honorable Schoolboy

University students are a commod­ The subjects cover almost every said he liked the cohesiveness of the ity, nameless numbers, herded area except math and social sciences, seminar group. Lasine said he will through the educational system like Brian Copenhaver, associate dean of teach the same seminar next year. sheep. Right? the college of arts and sciences, said. “It’s like a Volkswagen bug,” he Wrong. At least not for 300 stu­ In addition, seminars are not said. “Once you get a good one you dents enrolled in Western’s honors departmentally organized. keep it as long as possible, making program. Students are offered an “Topics selected for the seminars improvements to the inside.” alternative to the assembly line learn­ must be narrowly enough conceived Carl Simpson of the sociology de­ ing atmosphere which often pervades to be done by a small group. Thus partment taught a seminar dealing university lecture halls. you wouldn’t cover a survey in Amer­ with concepts of education and said In addition to completing a regular ican History but maybe a Shakes­ the only problem of the seminar was major and the General University peare play, something allowing work “keeping focus. Requirements (GUR), honors stu­ in depth without a lot of previous “Because the issues we discussed dents choose those seminar classes of information,” Copenhaver explained. were abstract, the class seemed to interest. Enrollment is limited to 15 “The honors seminars are designed take off in different directions,” he per class. for students who believe that think­ added. The program is open to any West­ ing, writing and learning are impor­ Not everyone who starts in the ern student, though past academic tant things in themselves, not honors program finishes. Sue Pro- achievement is an important factor in because they lead to a degree,” basco, an elementary education the acceptance of an honors appli­ Copenhaver said. cant. The number of requirements to major, said she doesn’t know whe­ “If I lecture in an ordinary univer­ ther she can complete her honors the­ be met, however, and the small sity class, normally I’m the active number of honors seminars offered sis because much of her time has been emitter and the student is the passive devoted to student teaching. annually make it advisable to enter receiver,” he pointed out. “The rea­ the program early. “I find myself in a real bind trying son for class sizes of 100-150 is purely to get things wrapped up,” she said. To graduate with honors, a stu­ economic. Groups of 10 are much dent must maintain a grade point better because they allow greater par­ Peterson said that seminar classes average of 3.5 or higher over the jun­ ticipation and place greater respon­ require that a student write well ior and senior years, complete four to sibility on the students to learn.” because of the four to five papers six honors seminars and write a 12- Debra Peterson, an art history required in each seminar and the to 20-page honors thesis. major, said she enjoys the stimula­ honors thesis. Students who enter the honors tion the honors program provides. “Not too many students complete program are rewarded with a special “There are very few classes which the honors thesis,” Montague said. kind of attention from the honors compare with the honors seminar In spite of these factors, drop rates faculty, honors program director classes,” she said. in seminar classes are very low. Phillip Montague, said. They also Rudy Yuly, a journalism major, Lasine and Simpson said they lost gain an experience of how to prepare said the attitude in many university only one student each. a graduate thesis by working on the classes is “don’t talk unless you have honors thesis, he said. to. In the honors seminars, the atti­ Montague currently is trying to recruit more students for the pro­ tude is you have to talk,” he said. Another reward of the program for gram. Those who have shown high students who graduate with honors is “Your ideas are taken seriously,” he added. “If you’re mistaken about scholastic achievement during high the benefit in seeking a job. An school years frequently are recruited honors transcript shows an emphasis something, nobody’s going to call you dumb.” to the program on acceptance of their toward scholastic excellence for an application to Western, he said. employer seeking someone academi­ Faculty are selected on the basis of cally inclined, Montague, a philo­ their experience with the program The honors program offers stu­ sophy professor, said. and upon the adaptability of their dents an opportunity to complete The honors seminars are the dis­ area of studies to the seminar format. their GUR and major requirements tinguishing factor between honors Stuart Lasine, a liberal studies pro­ in an interesting and rewarding way, students and the rest of Western’s fessor, taught a seminar titled, Copenhaver said. ■ student body. “Reading in Plato’s Dialogue” and Bill Gibson

30 Klipsun ments in most majors. Western’s General University Requirements are more extensive than most other It's a Matter of Degrees universities. If a student enters West­ ern with an associate of arts degree, it Every year at Western, a few un­ major. It just depends on a variety ot will be honored in most cases. lucky students find themselves things such as the student’s history,” “We have a working agreement unable to graduate as expected. Registrar Eugene Omey said. with each two-year college within the Some have failed to turn in repeat Another surprise awaiting some state of Washington, so students with cards, forgotten to schedule once-a- unknowing students is the fact that a A. A. degrees do not have to fulfill all year courses or have expected two student cannot get two degrees from of Western’s GURs. They enter with degrees for a double major. Some the same curricula. Western has three junior status,” Mather said. students discover, often too late, that curricula — bachelor of arts, bach­ Some students find they have com­ they lack credits or requirements and elor of science and bachelor of educa­ pleted the mandatory number of cannot graduate as anticipated. tion degrees. For example, a student credits for graduation but failed to Karyl Mather, a counselor at cannot get two B. A. degrees, but may acquire at least 60 of those credits as Western’s Registrar’s Office, said a get a B.A. and then a B.S. or any upper division credits. majority of students wait too long to combination of the various curricula. Mather says she can’t stress have their credits evaluated. For some students who enter enough the importance of seeking “One common problem we have is Western as freshmen, it takes about early advisement to “iron out all students don’t turn in repeat cards in 17 quarters to complete a degree. problems.” ■ time for the courses they are repeat­ This is due to an increase of require- Kathy Zalewski ing. P.E. classes generally are not repeatable. The student then ends up short of credits during senior evalu­ A Loan Opportunity ation, moving graduation up one quarter in most cases,” Mather Don’t quit school because you’re sary to apply personally at the bank. explained. out of money. Get help. Ways to The application form is available at In order to insure prompt gradu­ finance your educational sojourn at the Financial Aid Office. ation, a student should have his cred­ Western are easily available. A new need basis is required now. its evaluated in the last quarter of his “Very few students are turned The student must have been living junior year or the first quarter of his away from Western because of lack away from home for two years, his senior year. Procrastination leads to of funds,” Wayne Sparks, director of parents cannot claim him as a depend­ an extended graduation date. the financial aid department at West­ ent on their income taxes and the Mather pointed out that students ern, said. student cannot receive more than who come in early to check for re­ “There are many ways to get $750 from his parents in a year. peats and advice, usually have an eas­ money,” he explained. “The problem Sparks said. ier trip through school. Other stu­ is communication. Students just “It is very rare for a student, fresh dents rely on erroneous information don’t know what types of aid are from high school, to get this loan,” he and advice from friends. available to them.” said. Annual courses can also hinder the The financial aid office, located in The Western Emergency Loans graduation process. Most students Old Main 240, has pamphlets that are made possible through funds are able to plan for once-a-year explain how to estimate expenses, derived from student fees, the Blunt/ courses through advisement of a how much money is needed for col­ Wilkinson Bequest and other gifts. counselor. lege and how to apply for the differ­ Students who receive this loan may “The departments just cannot ent types of financial aid. borrow up to $50, repayable in up to afford to offer these courses more National Direct Student Loans four weeks with 6 percent interest. than once a year,” Mather said. (NDSL) are long term, low interest The Western Institutional Loans If a student does not take a re­ loans available to undergraduate and are for full-time students. quired course in his senior year, he graduate students. The 3 percent “These loans are usually used to may have to wait another year to interest does not accrue and repay­ pay rent,” Sparks said. The amount complete it. But, she added, this one ment does not begin until nine of the loan is adjusted to meet the year postponement is highly unlike­ months after the student has left individual student’s needs, up to ly. Other procedures will be taken in Western on at least a half-time basis. $300. These must be repaid from 30 such emergencies. In one isolated Guaranteed Student Loans (GSL) days to six months with 6 percent instance, a student worked out a enable students, who cannot be interest. solution through an appeal proced­ helped by other financial aid pro­ During 1978-79, Western provided ure and was able to graduate on grams, to borrow from a bank or about $3,850,000 in federal, state and schedule. other participating lender such as a institutional aid to needy students.* “It’s pretty rare for students not to credit union, savings and loan or do well in a class that is required for a mutual savings bank. It is not neces- Mary Norvell

September 31 sT'‘

Klipsun