Mackinac Island & Wisconsin Treasures

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Mackinac Island & Wisconsin Treasures 9 Days Mackinac Island & Wisconsin Treasures Including 2 Nights on Mackinac Island enjoy the sweeping view of the Straits, stroll the shops of Huron Street, or walk some of the endless nature trails on the island. You may wish to see the Old Fort, which is within walking distance of the downtown area, or shop in the many shops near our hotel, after all the hotel is in downtown! Don’t forget to try the famous Mackinac Fudge. Mackinac has no motorized vehicles and the only way to get around is by horse-drawn carriage, bicycle or foot. Golfing, biking, swimming, and fudge eating are the four popular sports on Mackinac. B L PHOTO: MICHAEL PATTERSON FRANKENMUTH • BRONNER’S THE GRAND HOTEL ON MACKINAC ISLAND, MICHIGAN 7 CHRISTMAS WONDERLAND • INDIANAPOLIS: Today we meet new friends on our awaited scenic journey to DINNER IN THE BAVARIAN VILLAGE: Our first stop today is in Frankenmuth, 1 see the many treasures of Mackinac Island and Wisconsin. RACINE • MILWAUKEE HIGHLIGHTS: Upon our arrival in Racine this afternoon, a Bavarian village founded in 1845 by Franconians from Germany. Enjoy the 2 we visit a bakery to sample Danish Kringle. Racine is located on Lake Michi- gan at the mouth of the Root River. We view one of the oldest and tallest active 35-bell glockenspiel that tells the story lighthouses on the Great Lakes, Windpoint Lighthouse. We continue to Milwaukee of the Pied Piper, then explore a nos- for a city tour. See three horticultural domes in Mitchell Park, Marquette University talgic world of gift shops, craft shops, Campus, Port of Milwaukee, the cliffs, sprawling sand beaches, Lake Park, Pabst restaurants, and bakeries along Theatre and much more. We overnight in the Milwaukee area. D Main Street. Before leaving we visit “CAPE COD OF THE MIDWEST” • LUNCH: A peninsula which divides Green Bay Bronner’s Christmas Wonderland, the largest and best known Christmas 3 from the main body of Lake Michigan and boasts 250-miles of ruggedly beau- tiful shoreline, Door County is often called the “Cape Cod of the Midwest.” Upon decoration store in the world. We arrival to beautiful Door County we enjoy lunch before meeting our local guide enjoy dinner at the Bavarian Inn, for an afternoon of touring. We continue north and learn the history of the quaint where their world-famous family-style little villages that make up this beautiful area. A drive through Wisconsin’s largest chicken dinner will be served. We continue our travel to Flint, where we state park brings us to Eagle Bluff Lighthouse for a guided tour. This little gem, built B D in 1868, is period furnished. We overnight in Door County the next two nights. L overnight. ICELANDIC SETTLEMENT AT WASHINGTON ISLAND • DOOR COUNTY FISH HENRY FORD MUSEUM • DINNER: At the Henry Ford Museum we 4 BOIL: This morning we enjoy breakfast at Al Johnson’s. See the famous goats 8 on the roof and enjoy the marvelous lingonberries atop a stack of pancakes. We see nearly three hundred years of leave time for shopping in the fabulous gift store. Next we ride to the Northern technological and cultural change. Pier where we board a ferry for a half-hour trip to Washington Island, located six The museum’s collections include miles off the coast in Lake Michigan. From here we enjoy a narrated sightseeing communications, transportation, tour of the island on our motorcoach. Washington Island is one of the oldest agriculture and domestic life. Later Icelandic settlements in the United States and is a must on any trip to historic Door this evening we arrive in Cincinnati for County. After lunch, we learn more about Door County’s rich maritime history at a dinner and overnight. D the Jackson Harbor Maritime Museum. The museum is located in two former fish- HOME: It is hard to believe our tour ing sheds, where fishermen continue in the commercial fishing trade. We see the 9 has come to an end! This has been a beautiful Norwegian Stave Chapel patterned after the one in Borgund, Norway. very scenic fun-filled tour! We board the Washington Island Ferry and return to the Peninsula. Dinner this evening is an event you won’t soon forget. It’s a traditional Door County Fish Boil. Mackinac Island B L D Door County LAMBEAU FIELD – GREEN BAY • MACKINAC ISLAND – LAKE VIEW HOTEL • Frankenmuth 5DINNER: It’s a short drive to Green Bay. It has two claims to fame that no other Milwaukee Flint town in the state can match, it’s longevity and the Green Bay Packers. We take Indianapolis a guided tour of Lambeau Field and see the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame located at the field. We travel the northern shore of Lake Michigan to Mackinaw Cincinnati City. We board a ferry for an 18-minute cruise across the Straits of Mackinac to fascinating Mackinac Island for a two-night stay at the beautiful Lake View Hotel. Welcome to the Bermuda of the North! Upon arrival to the island we check into Christian Tours our lovely hotel. We enjoy a wonderful dinner this evening at the hotel. The rest of Activity Level the evening is free to enjoy this beautiful island and hotel. D Easy Strenuous CARRIAGE TOUR • GRAND HOTEL 1 2 3 4 5 6 LUNCHEON • FREE TIME: We begin our fabulous day on Mackinac Island with a steaming breakfast in the dining room of the Lake View Hotel. Late this morning we are off for a horse-drawn carriage tour of Mackinac Island and the State Park. We see several of the many rock formations along the shore from our carriage. The famous Grand Luncheon Buffet is included today at the beautiful Grand Hotel. The remainder of the day is free for you to VISIT THE BEAUTIFUL NORWEGIAN STAVE CHAPEL .
Recommended publications
  • We Invite You to Sail the 107Th Running of the Chicago to Mackinac Race in 2015. Afterwards Cruise Michigan's Islands and Northern Harbors
    We invite you to sail the 107th running of the Chicago to Mackinac race in 2015. Afterwards cruise Michigan's islands and northern harbors. Stearns Boating [email protected] P 312-994-9153 C 847-404-2209 Make the race then take a cruise afterwards. The Race to Mackinac is the world’s longest running fresh water race. Started by a few wealthy Chicagoans who were looking for a fast way to get to their summer retreats on Mackinac Island. Up until now, it was hard and expensive for a non-Chicagoan to sail in this race. If you didn’t know someone with a boat, you would have to bring your own or charter one…both expensive propositions. The J/88 changes all of that. For a fraction of what it would cost to charter a boat, you too can experience the thrill of the race and the beauty of the region on your J/88. We have put together some information to help you think about the possibility and realize how easy it can be to mark this event off your bucket list. THE RACE The Chicago to Mackinac race is on July 11, 2015. For more information on the race to go Chicagoyachtclub.com. Registration is done by email, you must first apply for an invitation. So if you have never done the race it is best to start early. There is a space limit of just over 300 boats. Early application is encouraged as late entrants may not be accepted. GETTING YOUR BOAT TO CHICAGO This section gives you some general information on cost of launching and hauling your boat, and delivering trailers to northern Michigan.
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  • Architecture on Mackinac Island Native American French Rustic Military Federalist Colonial Victorian Era Greek Revival Gothic Re
    Islamic thought and architecture came to Europe via Italianate, Second Empire, Romanesque and Queen the crusades during the medieval era. Instead of using Anne are all Victorian era styles. Early buildings include ArchitectureWith few exceptions, on Mackinac Mackinac Island’s Island building are wood for military fortifications, the Islamic architects the Island House Hotel and Lake View Hotel. Stick style constructed of wood and at least eleven are built of logs, used stone or brick made from local materials in order may be found gracing Bay View Bed & Breakfast and most with clapboard siding. There is also a history of to withstand fire. The French and Spanish crusaders many cottages on the East Bluff while Queen Anne style building over existing buildings as well as moving build- brought this idea to the west after their military holds sway at the cottage Brigadoon and on the West ings around on the Island which lends to each buildings campaigns through the Islamic world. Fort Mackinac’s Bluff. history of place. Styles found on Mackinac Island span walls reflect this influence. At the highest point on the three centuries and include Native American, French Island, the Island’s second military post, Fort Holmes Rustic, Military, Colonial, Victorian, Carpenter Gothic, reflects British Military architecture as it is completely GreekArchitectural Revival features include a gable, front wings, Greek Revival, Colonial Revival, Classical Revival, made of wood and as a result has burned and been full height classical portico and eared architraves. Ste Shingle Style, Arts & Craft and American Foursquare. rebuilt several times. Anne’s Church Rectory, Harbour View Inn and Haan’s 1830 Inn are excellent examples.
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  • The Straits of Mackinac an Exhibit
    Imaging the Sacred The Straits of Mackinac an Exhibit MATERIALS ON DISPLAY ARE AVAILABLE FOR CHECKOUT WHEN A SECOND COPY IS HELD BY THE LIBRARY. MORE TITLES MAY BE FOUND ON OUR CATALOG, ANSWERCAT.ORG. CASE ONE, FIRST IMPRESSIONS, 1ST FLOOR ATRIUM Material that imagine the first contact era of the Straits of Mackinac. Carroll, Justin M. The merchant John Askin: furs and empire at British Michilimackinac. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 12017. F572.F6 C38 2017 Dunnigan, Brian Leigh A picturesque situation: Mackinac before photography, 1615-1860. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2008. F572.M16 D965 2008 Shimizu, Eileen Concannon Michigan Indian place names, the Little Traverse Bay region. MI: E.C. Shimizu, 1977. Michigan Flat File G4111.N8 A8 1977 S55 Tanner, Helen Hornbeck, Et al. Atlas of Great Lakes Indian history/ cartography by Miklos Pinther. Norman, OK: Published for the Newberry Library by the University of Oklahoma Press, 1987. E78.G7 A87 1987 MILITARY, EXPLORATION AND COMMERCE, 2ND FLOOR ATRIUM These three cases hold material portraying the military presence on the Straits from the French era to the American occupation. Before the Bridge and the Grand Hotel, one of the most imaged structures was Fort Michilimackinac. The military forces at the Straits facilitated early exploration and commerce, evidence of which can be found in the archeological record. Most materials in this section are the work of the Mackinac Island State Park Commission or the Mackinac State Historic Parks. Library of Michigan ● 702 W. Kalamazoo St. ● Lansing, MI 48915 ● 517-373-1300 ● www.michigan.gov/libraryofmichigan Page 2 of 13 Armour, David A.
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  • Chronology of Michigan History 1618-1701
    CHRONOLOGY OF MICHIGAN HISTORY 1618-1701 1618 Etienne Brulé passes through North Channel at the neck of Lake Huron; that same year (or during two following years) he lands at Sault Ste. Marie, probably the first European to look upon the Sault. The Michigan Native American population is approximately 15,000. 1621 Brulé returns, explores the Lake Superior coast, and notes copper deposits. 1634 Jean Nicolet passes through the Straits of Mackinac and travels along Lake Michigan’s northern shore, seeking a route to the Orient. 1641 Fathers Isaac Jogues and Charles Raymbault conduct religious services at the Sault. 1660 Father René Mesnard establishes the first regular mission, held throughout winter at Keweenaw Bay. 1668 Father Jacques Marquette takes over the Sault mission and founds the first permanent settlement on Michigan soil at Sault Ste. Marie. 1669 Louis Jolliet is guided east by way of the Detroit River, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario. 1671 Simon François, Sieur de St. Lusson, lands at the Sault, claims vast Great Lakes region, comprising most of western America, for Louis XIV. St. Ignace is founded when Father Marquette builds a mission chapel. First of the military outposts, Fort de Buade (later known as Fort Michilimackinac), is established at St. Ignace. 1673 Jolliet and Marquette travel down the Mississippi River. 1675 Father Marquette dies at Ludington. 1679 The Griffon, the first sailing vessel on the Great Lakes, is built by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, and lost in a storm on Lake Michigan. ➤ La Salle erects Fort Miami at the mouth of the St.
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  • Mackinac Breccia
    MACKINAC BRECCIA considered by the Michigan Geological Survey to be not only more euphonious but also to be "in use" according to the rules of The Mackinac breccia is composed of masses of rock nomenclature. G. M. Ehlers is not in accord with this decision and protested the change from "Islands" to "Island" in his manuscript. from many of the described formations. It is not a Editor. stratigraphic unit representing a distinct episode of 20 deposition, but is a record of events that involved the Stauffer, C. R., Relative age of the Detroit River Series; Geol. Soc. Amer. Vol. 27, 1916. fracture and displacement of sedimentary rocks. The 21 geologic processes which compose this record and a Williams, M. Y., The Silurian Geology and faunas of Ontario Peninsula, Manitoulin and adjacent islands: Canada Dept. Mines and detailed description of the breccia are given in Chapter Geol. Survey, Mem. 111. III. 22Carman, J. E., The Monroe Division of rocks in Ohio: Jour. Geol., 1Bigsby, J. J., Geological and Mineralogical Observation on the Vol. 35, No. 6, 1929. Northwest Portion of Lake Huron, Amer. Jour. Sci., Vol. 3, 1821. 23 Notes on Geography and Geology of Lake Huron, Trans. Carman, J. E., Sylvania Sandstone of Northwestern Ohio: Bull. Geol. Geol. Soc. London, 2nd ser., Vol. 1, 1824. Soc. Amer., Vol. 47, 1 pl., 5 figs., 1936. 23 2Houghton, Douglass, Third Annual Report of the State Geologist. Lane, A. C., Deep wells and prospects for oil and gas. Geol. Surv. Documents accompanying Jour., House of Representatives, State of Michigan. 3rd Ann. Rep't.
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  • Mackinac Island & Chicago Bus Tour
    MACKINAC ISLAND & CHICAGO BUS TOUR Visit Niagara Falls, Frankenmuth, Green Bay, Chicago, *optional Notre Dame Wisconsin at Soldier Field, Cleveland’s Rock and Roll Hall of Fame & Stay at the Grand Hotel, Mackinac Island! September 18-27, 2021 Price per person based on 2 to a room..$2395.00 Price per person based on 3 to a room..$2250.00 Price for single occupancy…$700.00 Travel Safe Insurance is highly recommended at an additional $249.00 Sept 18…NIAGARA FALLS, ONTARIO CANADA Niagara Falls, Ontario, is a Canadian city at the famous waterfalls of the same name, linked with the U.S. by the Rainbow Bridge. Its site on the Niagara River's western shore overlooks the Horseshoe Falls, the cascades' most expansive section. Elevators take visitors to a lower, wetter vantage point behind the falls. A Cliffside park features a promenade alongside 520-ft.- high Skylon Tower with an observation deck. Enjoy an up-close vantage point of Journey Behind the Falls and witness the Horseshoe Falls tumble and crash below. Overnight – Niagara Falls, Ontario – Meals (L) Sept 19… FRANKENMUTH, MICHIGAN’S LITTLE BAVARIA Depart for Frankenmuth, Michigan’s Little Bavaria. Stroll after dinner along the streets with shops and a warm smile everywhere. Overnight – Frankenmuth – Bavaria Inn – Meals – (B) Sept 20… MACKINAC ISLAND AND THE GRAND HOTEL Depart out hotel for Mackinaw City where we will board our ferry for Mackinaw Island and the Grand Hotel. Every year since 1887, the Grand Hotel has welcomed countless guests where horse drawn carriages is the favored mode of transportation.
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  • Inquiry Into the Chicago Yacht Club-Race to Mackinac Capsize and Fatalities
    Inquiry into the Chicago Yacht Club-Race to Mackinac Capsize and Fatalities Written by Chuck Hawley, John Rousmaniere, Ralph Naranjo and Sheila McCurdy With Technical Support from Ron Trossbach, Dan Nowlan, and Jim Teeters 10/18/20112/3/2014Independent Review Panel for the 2011 Mackinac Race Page 1 Table of Contents Introduction and Mission, Panel ......................................................................................................3 Summary of the Incident, Chuck Hawley ........................................................................................3 Findings, Chuck Hawley ..................................................................................................................4 Narrative, John Rousmaniere ...........................................................................................................8 Organization .......................................................................................................................10 WingNuts and her Crew .....................................................................................................13 Stability ..............................................................................................................................16 Weather ..............................................................................................................................18 Harnesses, Tethers and Jacklines .......................................................................................21 The Storm...........................................................................................................................21
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  • Grand Hotel and Mackinac Island Fun Facts
    GRAND HOTEL AND MACKINAC ISLAND FUN FACTS * Grand Hotel opened on July 10, 1887. * The Musser family owned Grand Hotel for over 85 years. * At 660 feet, Grand Hotel's Front Porch is the world's largest, and is visible as you approach the Island from Lake Huron. * Grand Hotel is 332,500 square feet. * No motorized vehicles are allowed on Michigan's Mackinac Island. All transportation is provided by horse and carriage or bicycle. * Mackinac Island is accessible only by ferry boat or plane. * More than 150,000 overnight guests stay at Grand Hotel each season. * The 5,000,000th guest in Grand Hotel history checked in on June 26, 2006. * While nearly 1 million people visit Mackinac Island each year, the Island has less than 600 year-round residents. * It takes 500,000 gallons of water to fill Grand Hotel's swimming pool, which was named for actress Esther Williams when she starred in the 1947 movie, This Time for Keeps, shot at Grand Hotel. * The 1980 film Somewhere in Time, starring Christopher Reeve, Jane Seymour and Christopher Plummer, was filmed on location at Grand Hotel. The movie now has a huge following and fan club that meets yearly at Grand Hotel in late October. * There are more than 500 horses on Mackinac Island. * Five U.S. Presidents have visited Grand Hotel: Presidents Clinton, Bush, Ford, Kennedy and Truman. * Grand Hotel's kitchen staff of more than 100 people prepares and serves as many as 4,000 meals per day. - 2020 - * During the 2019 season, Grand Hotel used 9,000 pounds of prime rib, 102,500 pounds of potatoes, 5,500 pounds of rack of lamb, 6,400 pounds of bacon, 42,500 pounds of strawberries and 6,000 pounds of pecans.
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  • French Africans in Ojibwe Country: Negotiating Marriage, Identity and Race, 1780-1890
    French Africans in Ojibwe Country: Negotiating Marriage, Identity and Race, 1780-1890 by Mattie Marie Harper A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies and the Designated Emphasis in Women, Gender, and Sexuality in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Thomas Biolsi, Chair Professor Beth Piatote Professor Brian DeLay Fall 2012 Abstract French Africans in Ojibwe Country: Negotiating Marriage, Identity and Race, 1780-1890 by Mattie Marie Harper Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies and the Designated Emphasis in Women, Gender, and Sexuality University of California, Berkeley Professor Thomas Biolsi, Chair This project explores changing constructions of identity for African Americans and Native Americans in the Western Great Lakes region from 1780-1890. I focus on the Bonga family, whose lineage in the region begins with the French-speaking African slaves Jean and Marie Jeanne Bonga. Their descendants intermarried with Ojibwe Indians, worked in the fur trade, participated in treaty negotiations between the Ojibwe and the U.S. government, and struggled to preserve Ojibwe autonomy in the face of assimilation policies. French Africans in Ojibwe Country analyzes how the Bongas’ racial identities changed over four generations. Enmeshed in a network of Ojibwe kin ties, yet differentiated from their Ojibwe kin by their status as a family of mixed-ancestry fur traders, the Bongas gained political and social influence in both Indian and white circles. In addition to their social and legal status as Indians, at various times the labels “white,” “negro,” “half- breed,” and “mulatto” were also applied to them.
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  • Mackinac County Facilities
    MACKINAC COUNTY FACILITIES DNR/DEQ Facilities LUCE CHIPPEWA COUNTRY OF CANADA AIR QUALITY OFFICE BOAT ACCESS SITE Camp 7 Rd 9 443 ERMD OFFICE W Curleys Blvd 498 Lake Superior FISHERIES OFFICE FMD OFFICE 475 Lakeshore Dr 1 1/2 Mile Rd Camp One Rd North Country Trail East West Rd 16th Ave W 449 East West Rd HARBOR Star Rd 474 Silver Creek Trail Murphy Creek Trl 431 HISTORIC SITE County Road 510 489 Riverside Dr Scenic Dr County Road 422 LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICE Shunk Rd Shunk 6 Mile Rd 498 County Road 407 LOCK Salt Point Rd Ibo Rd Fire Ln Fire 8 49 MUSEUM Updated: 11/15/2011 45 PARK OFFICE W 10 Mile Rd Map Note: Soo/Strong Trl Rd Bound REMEDIATION OFFICE Newberry9 Rd Hulbert N Riverside Dr Riverside SCENIC SITE Click the facility icons on 461 454 the map to show Bing Map. 480 STATE FOREST CAMPGROUND Click on the listing below for 9/45 474 15 Mile Rd STATE GAME AREA the facilities web site. Tilson Rd Tilson 492 381 Road County 43 405 North Road County 472 STATE PARK 457 455 Strongs Rd County Road 98 Curtis Rd Dick Rd Black Creek Rd WATER RESOURCE OFFICE 45/457 MCALPINE POND BAS THIRD CREEK TROUT POND BAS UPPER MILLECOQUIN RIVER BAS Main St 494 WILDLIFE OFFICE 47 PORTAGECOOKS TOWNSHIP BAY BAS PARK BAS VISITOR CENTER CURTIS BAS 457 North Country Trail 43 WOLFE BAY BAS STATE FOREST Trout Lake Rd E Lake Rd NISTIQUE LAKE SFCG SOUTH MANISTIQUE LAKE BAS Rd Centerline 23 Mile Rd Vertz Rd STATE PARK Borgstrom Rd Borgstrom Dryburg Rd Dryburg DUNKLES LANDING BAS Rd Krause 473 Gogomain Rd GARNET LAKE SFCG 460 Rd Pealine 05102.5 St Ignace to Trout Lake
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  • United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
    USCA Case #15-5118 Document #1570241 Filed: 08/28/2015 Page 1 of 46 NOT YET SCHEDULED FOR ORAL ARGUMENT United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit Case No. 15-5118 MACKINAC TRIBE, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. SALLY JEWELL, U.S. SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR, Defendant-Appellee. _____________________________ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Columbia Case No. 1:14-CV-0456 (Hon. Ketanji Brown Jackson) OPENING BRIEF FOR APPELLANT Ryan C. Posey #56029 Posey Lebowitz PLLC 3221 M Street NW Washington DC 20007 Phone: (202) 524-0123 Fax: (202) 810-9009 Local Counsel for Appellant Michael J. Walleri (to argue pro hac vice) GAZEWOOD & WEINER, PC 1008 16th Avenue, Suite 200 Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Telephone: (907) 452-5196 Facsimile: (907) 456-7058 National Counsel for Appellant August 28, 2015 COUNSEL PRESS, LLC (202) 783-7288 * (888) 277-3259 USCA Case #15-5118 Document #1570241 Filed: 08/28/2015 Page 2 of 46 CERTIFICATE OF PARTIES, RULINGS, AND RELATED CASES Pursuant to Circuit Rule 28.1(a)(1), the undersigned counsel for Appellants in the above-captioned matter submits this Certificate of Parties, Rulings, and Related Cases. (A) Parties. Plaintiff in the court below and Appellant in this Court is the Mackinac Tribe, which claims to be a federally recognized Indian tribe and historical successor to the Chippewa (Ojibwa) and Ottawa (Odawa) Indians bands signatory to the Treaty of July 31, 1855 (11 Stat. 621) - with the “Ottawa and Chippewa.” Defendant is Sally Jewell, United State Secretary of the Interior. There were no intervenors or amici below.
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  • Anishinaabe Warriors, Soldiers, and Veterans from Pontiac's War
    “Both the Honor and the Profit”: Anishinaabe Warriors, Soldiers, and Veterans from Pontiac’s War through the Civil War by Michelle K. Cassidy A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Professor Gregory Evans Dowd, Co-Chair Associate Professor Michael Witgen, Co-Chair Professor Susan Juster Associate Professor Scott Richard Lyons Professor Tiya Miles © Michelle K. Cassidy 2016 Acknowledgements During my last year in graduate school, I went on a “final” research trip to Anishinaabe places in western Michigan. I started in Hart and worked my way up to Petoskey, stopping at various county seats to look at government records and land deeds. On my first day, while I was doing research at the County Clerk’s office in Hart, a man wearing a veteran’s ball cap walked in and requested information about several individuals whose last names—associated with Euro- Odawa fur trading families—caught my attention. As he waited for the vital records, he asked why I was sitting in a corner with giant books and we began talking. He knew about the Odawaag in Company K that I was researching and he said he was a descendent of a Company K soldier. We talked about the Odawa soldiers but our conversation quickly turned to contemporary Odawa politics. This dissertation is comprised of many such conversations—both fortuitous and planned—and the encouragement and generosity of many. I would not have written a dissertation on indigenous peoples if I had not taken Michael Witgen’s American Indian history class as an undergraduate.
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