Visiting Entomologist Introduces Fabians to Invasive Exotic Insect Pests in the Uk at a Special Seminar

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VISITING ENTOMOLOGIST INTRODUCES FABIANS TO INVASIVE EXOTIC INSECT PESTS IN THE UK AT A SPECIAL SEMINAR Dr Chris Malumphy shed light on alien insect species that threaten the survival of various tree species in the United Kingdom in his special seminar, “New and emerging pest threats to trees in the UK” on 22 June. The seminar focused on the origins of these insect pests, their pathways of introduction (when known), their physical characteristics and the damage they wreak on their hosts. Dr Malumphy is an entomologist with the Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera) Science and he was in South Africa on an international sampling project with FABI’s Dr Trudy Paap. He began his presentation by introducing the audience to wood boring beetles such as Agrilus planipennis. He warned that coupled with ash dieback, the presence of the beetle may “signal death” to surviving Fraxinus species. He suggested that disregard for phytosanitary measures for wood packaging material and the sale of living plants online could have introduced Anoplophora glabripennis to the UK. Introduced to Europe via Italy, Dr Malumphy suggested that Corythucha ciliata could change the landscape of London’s avenues, lined mostly by Platanus species, the lacebug’s host. He warned that Corythucha arcuata, a threat to Quercus, could be a problem if introduced in South Africa, especially in drought-stricken areas in the Western Cape owing to similarities in climate in the Mediterranean, where its impact has been severe. He referred to Halymorpha halys as a hitchhiker – it has been caught in the UK on passenger luggage and timber – and described it as polyphagous because it infests about 100 tree species including orchard trees. Dr Malumphy also discussed a pest of Eucalyptus, Paropsisterna selmani, native to Tasmania and reported in Ireland in 2007. He said the beetle’s pathway of introduction is unknown. .

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Paropsisterna Selmani
Plant Pest Factsheet Tasmanian Eucalyptus Beetle Paropsisterna selmani Figure 1. Adult Tasmanian Eucalyptus beetle, pre -hibernation, London © ZooTaxa, Paula French Background In 2007, an exotic leaf beetle was found damaging cultivated Eucalyptus species in County Kerry, Republic of Ireland. The same beetle had been previously found damaging Eucalyptus plantations in Tasmania, Australia, and in 2012 a single adult was photographed in a garden in London. The beetle was tentatively identified as Paropsisterna gloriosa (Blackburn) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) but subsequently described in 2013 as a new species P. selmani Reid & de Little. In June 2015 larvae of P. selmani were found causing severe defoliation to Eucalyptus plants at a public garden in Surrey; and in August 2015 a single adult was found in West Sussex. Geographical Distribution Paropsisterna selmani appears to be native to Tasmania, Australia, and has been introduced to the Republic of Ireland where it occurs widely in the south. Paropsisterna selmani has been found in three localities in South East England and is likely to become established in the UK. Host Plants Paropsisterna selmani feeds exclusively on Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae), preferentially on glaucous-foliaged eucalypt species of the subgenus Symphyomyrtus, particularly the plantation tree E. nitens. Other hosts include: Eucalyptus brookeriana, E. dalrympleana, E. rubida, E. glaucesens, E. globulus, E. gunnii, E. johnstonii, E. moorei, E. nicholii, E. parvula, E. pauciflora ssp. niphophila, E. perriniana, E. pulverulenta, E. vernicosa and E. viminalis. Description Adult P. selmani are hemispherical (Figs. 1 and 4), oval (Figs. 2-3), and about 9 mm in length with the females being slightly larger than the males.
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Durable Eucalypts on Drylands: Protecting and Enhancing Value
DURABLE EUCALYPTS ON DRYLANDS: PROTECTING AND ENHANCING VALUE Clemens M. Altaner, Tara J. Murray and Justin Morgenroth (Eds) WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS 2017 Workshop held at the Marlborough Research Centre, Blenheim, New Zealand, April 19th 2017. PREFACE The workshop “Durable Eucalypts on Drylands: Protecting and Enhancing Value” was held on the 19 April 2017 at the Marlborough Research Centre in Blenheim. On the 20 April 2017 a field visit followed to one of the NZ Dryland Forests Initiative’s (NZDFI) breeding trials, located on land owned by the Marlborough District Council near Blenheim, and then to Nelson Pine Industries Ltd’s LVL processing plant in Richmond, Nelson. The main aims of the workshop were (i) to inform our supporters and the wider public of the recent progress in establishing a forest industry based on durable eucalypts and (ii) to enable international experts to review our research programme. While the challenges associated with growing and processing durable eucalypts are general, those organising this workshop have a specific interest in addressing local issues and uncertainties. The workshop attracted participants spanning a broad range of nationalities, interests and expertise, and we gained valuable feedback on the NZDFI research programme. The workshop enabled NZDFI to strengthen and expand domestic and international collaborations. We thank all the speakers and their companies/organisations for their support. The speakers’ time in preparing material for the proceedings and their participation at the workshop was greatly appreciated. We thank those who helped to organise the workshop and the field trip, in particular Gerald Hope and Mandy Mitchell (Marlborough Research Centre); Harriet Palmer, Ash Millen and Ruth McConnochie (NZDFI); Vicki Wilton and Jeanette Allen (University of Canterbury) and Richard Barry (Nelson Pine Industries Ltd).
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Leslie, Andrew (2016) Eucalypts As a Genus for Short Rotation Forestry in Great Britain
Leslie, Andrew (2016) Eucalypts as a genus for short rotation forestry in Great Britain. Doctoral thesis, University of Edinburgh. Downloaded from: http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/3539/ Usage of any items from the University of Cumbria’s institutional repository ‘Insight’ must conform to the following fair usage guidelines. Any item and its associated metadata held in the University of Cumbria’s institutional repository Insight (unless stated otherwise on the metadata record) may be copied, displayed or performed, and stored in line with the JISC fair dealing guidelines (available here) for educational and not-for-profit activities provided that • the authors, title and full bibliographic details of the item are cited clearly when any part of the work is referred to verbally or in the written form • a hyperlink/URL to the original Insight record of that item is included in any citations of the work • the content is not changed in any way • all files required for usage of the item are kept together with the main item file. You may not • sell any part of an item • refer to any part of an item without citation • amend any item or contextualise it in a way that will impugn the creator’s reputation • remove or alter the copyright statement on an item. The full policy can be found here. Alternatively contact the University of Cumbria Repository Editor by emailing [email protected]. This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated.
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Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a Semi-Rural Suburb in New Zealand Emmanuel Yamoah1*, Dave Voice2, Disna Gunawardana3, Brad Chandler1 and Don Hammond4
Yamoah et al. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science (2016) 46:5 DOI 10.1186/s40490-016-0061-3 SHORT REPORT Open Access Eradication of Paropsisterna beata (Newman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a semi-rural suburb in New Zealand Emmanuel Yamoah1*, Dave Voice2, Disna Gunawardana3, Brad Chandler1 and Don Hammond4 Abstract Background: A large population of Paropsisterna beata (eucalyptus leaf beetle) was detected on Eucalyptus nitens (H. Deane & Maiden) Maiden (Myrtaceae) at Whitemans Valley, a suburb east of Upper Hutt, Wellington, in 2012. The suburb is a semi-rural residential area with a large number of eucalypt, planted for amenity, shelterbelt and firewood. Surveillance to delimit spread showed that the beetle population was confined to about 0.7 ha consisting of about 40 eucalypts. The Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) initiated a response to eradicate the beetle population. Findings: Aerial applications of Dominex EC 100 (alpha-cypermethrin) and ground applications of Talstar (bifenthrin) respectively over a 15-month period targeted the adults and larvae in the foliage and the pre-pupae, larvae and emerging adults in the leaf litter. Removal of overwintering habitat by stripping loose bark from host trees further reduced the beetle population. Following these treatments, the beetle has not been detected through a series of surveys using light traps, bark inspection, sticky tapes, visual inspection from the ground, climbing and felling host trees for inspection for 2 years since the last detection of two adults on neighbouring trees. Conclusions: The P. beata population has been successfully eradicated using a combination of aerial and ground- based application of insecticides.
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Predicting the Biocontrol Potential of the Parasitoid Wasp Enoggera Nassaui on the Eucalyptus Leaf Beetle Paropsisterna Selmani
Technology Updates Crops, Environment and Land Use Project number: 6356 Date: Nov, 2018 Funding source: Teagasc Project dates: Jan 2013 – Jul 2018 Predicting the biocontrol potential of the parasitoid wasp Enoggera nassaui on the Eucalyptus leaf beetle Paropsisterna selmani Key external stakeholders: Horticulture industry Coillte DAFM (Forest Service) NPWS Practical implications for stakeholders: . Monitoring of field sites recorded a rate of population expansion and associated damage levels that demonstrate the serious risk that the leaf beetle P. selmani presents to the Irish Eucalyptus industry. In laboratory conditions, the parasitoid wasp E. nassaui developed on the eggs of the leaf beetle across temperatures from 11°C to 23°C. Developmental rates in relation to temperature suggest that the Irish climate is suitable for the establishment of the parasitoid in field conditions. The parasitoid wasp demonstrated high host specificity. It showed minimal interest in a range of 22 alternative non-target native species, and failed to reproduce on any of them. Main results: Monitoring of field sites recorded a rate of population expansion and associated damage levels that demonstrate the serious risk that the leaf beetle Paropsisterna selmani presents to the Eucalyptus industry in Ireland. Our research represents the first time that a leaf beetle has been targeted with a biological control agent in Europe. In laboratory conditions, we demonstrated that the immature stages of the parasitoid wasp Enoggera nassaui can develop on the eggs of the leaf beetle across temperatures from 11°C to 23°C. Predictive modelling suggests the viability of the wasp as a biocontrol agent from May to September in Ireland, the most likely period of host availability.
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Niche Breadth
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Epitrix Papa Sp. N. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), Previously Misidentified As Epitrix Similaris, Is a Threat to Potato Production in Europe
Eur. J. Entomol. 112(4): 824–830, 2015 doi: 10.14411/eje.2015.096 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Epitrix papa sp. n. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), previously misidentified as Epitrix similaris, is a threat to potato production in Europe MARINA J. ORLOVA-BIENKOWSKAJA A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy Prospect, 119071 Moscow, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Epitrix, flea beetle, Europe, introduced pest, potato,Solanum tuberosum, tubers Abstract. A nonnative pest of potato recently established and causing significant economic damage in Portugal and Spain was ini- tially identified as Epitrix similaris Gentner and included on lists of quarantine pests. The identity of this pest was doubted by some experts, since E. similaris is a rare species previously recorded only from California and does not damage potato in its native range. Our comparison of 20 specimens of this pest from Portugal with paratypes of E. similaris has revealed that it is not E. similaris. The name “Epitrix similaris” should be removed from lists of quarantine pests. The damage to potato tubers caused by the larvae of this pest is similar to that of E. tuberis Gentner, but examination of paratypes of E. tuberis has revealed that the pest is not E. tuberis. This pest differs from all species of Epitrix recorded in the Holarctic and from all known Epitrix pests of potato in the world. Herewith it is described as a new species Epitrix papa sp. n., whose native range is unknown. INTRODUCTION In 2010 E.
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International Year of Family Farming
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Intellectual Property Checklist
Technology Updates Crops, Environment and Land Use Project number: 5776 Date: October, 2016 Funding source: RSF 07533 Project dates: Dec 2007 – May 2013 The short and medium term impact of insect herbivory on Short Rotation Coppiced Willow and Eucalyptus crops grown for biomass in Ireland Key external stakeholders: Growers, Farmers, Agronomists, Crop Protection Specialists, Policy Makers, Governmental Organisations Practical implications for stakeholders: Populations of economically important herbivorous beetles of biomass crops will increase in significance, with some attaining additional generations under current climate change scenarios, in the medium term As such, the development and planting of resistance and semi- resistant clones should be considered as a part of an Integrated Pest Management strategy for these pests Some commercial and native Willow clones display resistance and partial resistance to herbivory from both Brown and Blue Willow beetles Main results: The negative impact of beetle herbivory on short rotation coppiced willow is likely to increase, with climate prediction models estimating that 50% of emerging adults will attain a second generation by 2050 Populations of the Brown Willow Beetle were more prominent in observed commercial plantations, with higher numbers of eggs and larvae being present. Infiltration of Brown Willow Beetles from the margins, into the main body of crop occurred earlier than with the Blue Willow Beetle. Plant with high levels of insect defoliation suffered premature leaf drop, but compensated for this by the proliferation of 3 to 4 new leaves emerging at the nearest node. Climate modelling suggests that the non-native beetle, Paropsisterna selmani could attain 2 generations in Ireland and up to 4 generations in the southern UK.
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Invasive Ant Tapinoma Melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a Rare Guest Or Increasingly Common Indoor Pest in Europe?
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A New Species of Paropsisterna Motschulsky, 1860, a Significant Pest of Plantation Eucalypts in Tasmania and Ireland (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)
Zootaxa 3681 (4): 395–404 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.4.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7D873D35-CBBD-4AA7-8D7C-9ECE13780025 A new species of Paropsisterna Motschulsky, 1860, a significant pest of plantation eucalypts in Tasmania and Ireland (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae) CHRIS A. M. REID1 & DAVID W. DE LITTLE2 1Department of Entomology, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010. E-mail: [email protected] 2Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Rosny Research Facility, Winkleigh Place, Rosny, Tasmania 7018. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of chrysomeline leaf beetle, Paropsisterna selmani Reid & de Little, is described, including all larval in- stars. This species, native to Australia, is now a significant pest of Eucalyptus plantations in Australia and Ireland, and has been recorded in southern England. Its occurrence in the British Isles represents the first record of establishment of a eu- calypt feeding chrysomelid in Europe. Key words: leaf beetle, larva, adult, taxonomy, morphology, forestry, Eire, British Isles, Australia Introduction In 2007 the authors were notified by colleagues of the occurrence of a species of the subfamily Chrysomelinae attacking cultivated Eucalyptus species in County Kerry, Ireland. In 2012 it was photographed in a garden in England. This species clearly belonged to the genus Paropsisterna Motschulsky, 1860 (Reid 2006), which is native to Australia and New Guinea (Reid 2006). Examination of live and preserved material showed the species to be identical to a pest species on Eucalyptus nitens plantations in Tasmania, which had been tentatively identified as Chrysophtharta gloriosa (Blackburn, 1899) by the late Brian Selman (pers.
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Tasmanian Eucalyptus Beetle (Paropsisterna Selmani) Please Look out for This Beetle This Summer, Especially of You Are Light Trapping, and Send Me Your Records
Tasmanian Eucalyptus Beetle (Paropsisterna selmani) Please look out for this beetle this summer, especially of you are light trapping, and send me your records. (Contact details below). This very distinctive Chrysomelid beetle (leaf beetle) is about the size of a large ladybird. As its name suggests it comes from Tasmania, but it is also native to Australia, where it can be a pest in Eucalyptus plantations. The larvae and adults feed on the leaves of a variety of Eucalyptus tree species. Figs. 1 & 2. Tasmanian Eucalyptus beetle: This one in a Light trap in Hemingford Grey, Cambridgeshire, on the morning of 25th June 2020. (Photos: Nick Greatorex-Davies) It was first recorded in Britain in a garden in London in 2012. It is spreading. It probably entered Britain via the horticultural industry and its international trade in Eucalyptus trees. Since 2012 it has been sporadically recorded in SE England, especially Kent, Sussex, Surrey and the London area. Fresh adults appear from June onwards. It hibernates as an adult in the soil, appearing again the following April when it lays its eggs on Eucalyptus trees. It was first recorded in the Republic of Ireland in 2007 in County Derry, and is already widespread there and causing defoliation in Eucalyptus plantations. More details about the beetle can be found on DEFRAs Tasmanian Leaf Beetle Plant Pest Factsheet, including a picture of the greyish yellow-green larva with its dark head and legs (see reference below). For another picture of the larvae see: https://www.brc.ac.uk/psl/photo/paropsisterna- selmani-reid-de-little-2013 LOOK IN MOTH TRAPS More than half the records (60%) are from moth traps, and the majority of records have come from private gardens.
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