Bangladesh map pdf 2019 Continue This article is about the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Other uses: Bangladesh (ibility). Country South Asia coordinates: 24°N 90°E / 24°N 90°E / 24; 90 Bangladeshগণজাতী বাংলােদশ People's Republic (Bengali)Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh Flag Emblem Anthem: Amar Sonar Bangla (Bengal)My Golden Bengal March: Notuner GaanThe Song of Youth[1]Official Seal of the Government of Bangladesh Capital and largest cityDhaka23°45′50N 90°23′20E / 23.76389° N 90.38889° E / 23.76389; 90.38889Official language and national languageBengali[2]Regional languagesChittagonianSylhetiRangpuriEthnic groups (2011[3])98% Bengalis 2% minorities Chakmas Biharis Marmas Santhals Mros Tanchangyas Bawms Tripuris Khumis Kukis Garos Bisnupriya Manipuris Religion (2011[5])90.5% Islam (State religion)[4]8.5% Hinduism0.6% Buddhism0.4% ChristianityDemonym(s)BangladeshiGovernmentUnitarydominant-party parliamentaryconstitutional republic• President Abdul Hamid• Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina• House Speaker Shirin Chaudhury• Chief Justice Syed Mahmud Hossain LegislatureJatiya SangsadIndependence from Pakistan• Declared 26 March 1971• V-Day 16 December 1971• Current constitution 16 December 1972 Area • Total148,460[6] km2 (57,320 sq mi) (92nd)• Water (%)6.4Population• 2018 estimate161,376,708[7][8] (8th)• 2011 census149,772,364[9] (8th)• Density1,106/km2 (2,864.5/sq mi) (7th)GDP (PPP)2020 estimate• Total$864.883 billion[10] (30th)• Per capita$5,139[10] (135th)GDP (nominal)2020 estimate• Total$317.768 billion[10] (40th)• Per capita$1,888[10] (140th)Gini (2016)32.4[11]mediumHDI (2018) 0.614[12]medium · 135thCurrencyBangladeshi taka (৳) (BDT)Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)Date formatdd-mm-yyyy ADDriving sideleftCalling code+880ISO 3166 codeBDInternet TLD.bd.বাংলাWebsitebangladesh.gov.bd This article contains silent)), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a South Asian country. It is the eighth most populous country in the world, with a) [ااdeاlaاBengali: বাংলােদশ, pronounced [ˈba [ا/,[ləˈdɛ13اbæا/) Bengali text. Question marks, boxes, or other symbols may appear without proper rendering support. Bangladesh population of more than 162 million people. [14] In terms of land, Bangladesh is the 92st most resi ed member of the World Bank. Bangladesh borders the western, northern and eastern land borders, myanmar in the southeast and the Bay of Bengal to the south. Nepal and Bhutan are separated from Nepal and Bhutan by the Siliguri Corridor, and in the north by Sikkim. Dakka, the capital and the largest city, is the economic, political and cultural center of the country. the largest seaport, the second largest city. Bangladesh is a major and eastern part of the Bengal region. [15] According to ancient Indian texts, Rāmāyana and Mahābhārata, a namesake of the Vanga Kingdom, the Bengal region, were powerful naval allies of the legendary Ayodhya. During the ancient and classical periods of the Indian subcontinent, the area was home to many principality, including Pundra, Gangaridai, Gauda, Samatata, and Harikela. It is also a Mauryan province during the reign of Ashoka. The principalities were notable for their overseas trade, relations with the Roman world, the middle eastern exports of fine Muslin and silk, and the dissemination of philosophy and art in Southeast Asia. The Slate Empire, the Chandra Dynasty and the Sena Dynasty were the last pre- Islamic Bengali middle kingdoms. Islam was introduced during the Shale Empire, through trade with the Abbāsid caliphate,[16] but bakhtiyar khalji's early conquest and sermon of the Delhi Sultanate and Shah Jalāl of East Bengal, spread faithfully throughout the region. In 1576, the wealthy Bengali sultan was absorbed into the Mughal Empire, but his reign was briefly interrupted by the Suri Empire. Following the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in the early 1700s, the proto-industrial mogul became a Bengali semi-independent state under the Bengali nawabs. The region was later conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. [17] The borders of modern Bangladesh were established in August 1947, when India was split, when the region became eastern Pakistan as part of the newly formed Pakistani dominion, with the Bengali partition. [18] Later, the rise of the pro-democracy movement was based on Bengali nationalism and self-determination, which led to the liberation war and eventually resulted in Bangladesh's emergence as a sovereign and independent nation in 1971. Bangladesh is the only country in the world that has been created on the basis of ethnicity. [19] The Bengali make up 98% of Bangladesh's total population,[2][3] making it one of the most geographically homogeneous states in the world. [21] Bangladesh's large Muslim population makes it the third largest Muslim-majority country. [23] The Constitution declares Bangladesh a se worldly state, while establishing Islam as a state religion. [4] As the central power of world politics, Bangladesh is a unified parliamentary democracy and constitutional republic following the Westminster governance system. The country is divided into eight administrative districts and sixty-four districts. Although the country continues to face the challenges of corruption in the Rohingya refugee crisis[25] and the adverse effects of climate change,[27] Bangladesh is one of the emerging and growth-leading economies and one of the next eleven countries with one of the fastest real GDP growth rates. Bangladesh's economy, with nominal GDP, is the 39th largest economy in the world. Etymology Main article: Bengali names The exact origin of the word Bangla is unknown, although it is believed to originate in vanga, an ancient kingdom and geopolitical divide in the Ganges delta on the Indian subcontinent. It was located in the south of Bengal, now south-west Bengal (India) and southwestern Bangladesh. In the Islamic tradition, it is said to come to / Bang, the son of Hind (the son of Hām, who is noah's son), who colonized the area first. [28] The sub suffix was added from the fact that the ecstasis of this land was 10 feet high and 20-width, at the foot of the hills, which were called al. From this suffix he added that Bung, the name Bengal came up and earned currency. [29] [30] This view is supported by Ghulam Husain Salim's Riyaz-us-Salatin. [28] Other theories refer to a Bronze Age proto-dravidian tribe,[31] the word austric bonga (Sun God),[32][32][self-published source?] and the Iron Age Vanga Kingdom. [32] The Indo-Aryan suffix desh comes from the Sanskrit word deśha, which means land or country. Therefore, the Bangladeshi name means Bengali land or Bengali country. [33] Bangla refers to the Bengal region and the Bengali language. The earliest known use of the term is Nesari Disk 805 AD. The term Vangaladesa was given official status in the 11th [33] century under the Bengali Sultanship. [35] Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah declared himself the first Shah of Bangala in 1342. [35] Bangla became the region's most common name during the Islamic period. The Portuguese called the region Bengali in the 16th [37] The Bangladeshi term was often written as two words, bangla desh, in the past. Since the 1950s, Bengali nationalists have used the term at political rallies in eastern Pakistan. History main articles: History of Bengal and history of Bangladesh in the early and medieval periods of Vanga Kingdom and its age-old neighbors in ancient South AsiaGauda Kingdom, the first independent uniform polity in the Bengal region Stone Age assets found in Bangladesh indicate human habitation for more than 20,000 years,[38] and remnants of copper age settlements dating back 4,000 years. [38] The ancient Bengalis settled in successive waves of migration of austroasiatics, Tibetan-Burmese, Dravidans, and Indo-Aryans. [38] Archaeological evidence confirms that rice-farming communities inhabited the region in the second millennium. in Article 11(1), the following shall be copper ornaments and black and red ceramics. [40] The Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers were natural arteries of communication and transport,[40] and the bay of Bengal estuary allowed maritime trade. In the early Iron Age, metal weapons, coinage, agriculture and irrigation were found. [40] At the end of the Iron Age, in the middle of the first millennium, major urban settlements were formed,[41] when the culture of northern black-polished goods emerged. In 1879, Alexander Cunningham identified Mahasthangarh as the capital of the Kingdom of Pundra, mentioned in Rigveda. [43] Bangladesh's oldest inscription was found in Mahasthangarh and was used in the 3rd and 3th IBE. It's written in the Brahmi script. [45] Greek and Roman records of the ancient Kingdom of Gangarida, which (legend has it) deterred alexander the great's invasion, are linked to the fortress town of Wari-Bateshwar. [46] [47] The site has also been identified as a thriving trading center in Souanagoura, listed on the Ptolemaio world map. [48] Roman geographers recorded a large seaport in southeastern Bengal, the equivalent of what is now the Chittagong region. [49] The Shale Empire was an imperial power in the late classical period on the Indian subcontinent, which was the 9th century of Somapura in Mama Mahavihara. The ruins were home to the largest monastery in pre-Islam Bangladesh, and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the ancient Buddhist and Hindu states that ruled Bangladesh included the Vanga, Samatata and Pundra kingdoms, the Mauryan and Gupta Empires, the Varman Dynasty, The Kingdom of Shashanka, the Khadga and Candra Dynastic, the Slate Empire, the Sena Dynasty, the Harikela Kingdom and the Dvada Dynasty. These states have well developed currencies, banking, shipping, architecture and art, and the ancient universities of Bikrampur and Mainamati are hosted by scholars and students from other parts of Asia. China's Xuanzang was a renowned scholar who stayed in Somapura Mahavihara (the largest monastery in ancient India) and atisa traveled from Bengal to Tibet to preach Buddhism.