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2004 Update of the 1992 Wildland Fire Management Plan

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2004 Update of the 1992 Wildland Fire Management Plan National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Yellowstone National Park 2004 Update of the 1992 Wildland Fire Management Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................1 A. Purpose for 2004 Update of the 1992 Wildland Fire Management Plan.................1 B. History of Wildland Fire Management in Yellowstone National Park ..................... 4 C. Collaborative Processes....................................................................................... 5 D. Achieving Resource Management and Fire Management Goals Through Implementation of Fire Management Policies ........................................................5 E. Compliance with Federal Laws..............................................................................7 1. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 .....................................................7 2. National Historic Preservation Act of 1966......................................................7 3. Endangered Species Act of 1973....................................................................8 F. Authorities for Implementation of the 2004 Update..............................................8 II. RELATIONSHIP TO LAND MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND FIRE POLICY...............9 A. NPS 2001 Management Policies............................................................................9 B. Enabling Legislation and Purpose of Park ..............................................................9 C. Parkwide Desired Future Conditions ...................................................................11 D. Objectives of the Resource Management Plan.....................................................11 E. The Role of the 2004 Update in Meeting the Objectives in the Resource Management Plan ..............................................................................................11 III. WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ......................................................12 A. General Management Considerations.................................................................12 B. Wildland Fire Management Goals .......................................................................13 C. Wildland Fire Management Options....................................................................13 1. Suppression .................................................................................................13 2. Wildland Fire Use .........................................................................................13 3. Prescribed Fire..............................................................................................14 4. Non-Fire Fuels Management Applications.....................................................14 D. Description of Wildland Fire Management Options by Fire Management Unit......14 1. Fire Management Unit Identifier...................................................................14 a. Physical Description of the Fire Management Units.................................14 (1) Northern Range ..............................................................................14 (2) Northwest.......................................................................................17 (3) Washburn Range ............................................................................18 (4) Mirror Plateau.................................................................................19 (5) Central Plateau ...............................................................................20 (6) Southwest ......................................................................................21 (7) Southeast .......................................................................................22 b. Description of Cultural Resources...........................................................23 (1) Museum Collections........................................................................24 (2) Archeology .....................................................................................24 (3) Ethnography ...................................................................................25 (4) Historic Properties ...........................................................................25 (5) Cultural Landscapes ........................................................................26 Page iii of 107 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) c. Description of Natural Resources............................................................26 (1) Vegetation......................................................................................27 (2) Soils................................................................................................29 (3) Air Quality.......................................................................................29 (4) Wilderness ......................................................................................31 (5) Wildlife ...........................................................................................32 (6) Geothermal Resources ....................................................................33 (7) Wetlands and Aquatic Resources.....................................................33 2. Strategic and Measurable Fire Management Objectives for Fire Management Units ......................................................................................34 3. Five-Year Plan for Fire Management Program ...............................................34 4. Historical Role of Fire ...................................................................................35 5. Specifics of Wildland Fire Management Situation for Fire Management Units ......................................................................................36 a. Historical Weather Analysis....................................................................36 b. Fire Season............................................................................................37 c. Fuel Characteristics In Relation to Fire Behavior ......................................37 d. Fire Regime Alteration ...........................................................................39 e. Control Problems and Dominant Topographic Features ..........................41 f. Other Elements of Environment Affecting Fire Management ..................41 IV. WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS................................41 A. General Implementation Procedures ...................................................................41 B. Wildland Fire Implementation Plan......................................................................42 1. Stage I: Initial Fire Assessment......................................................................43 2. Stage II: Short-term Implementation Actions.................................................43 3. Stage III: Long-term Assessment and Implementation Actions.......................45 4. Periodic Fire Assessment...............................................................................45 C. Wildland Fire Suppression...................................................................................46 1. Range of Potential Fire Behavior ...................................................................46 2. Preparedness Actions ...................................................................................46 a. Fire Prevention Program.........................................................................46 (1) Objectives .......................................................................................46 (2) General Actions ..............................................................................47 (3) Annual Schedule For Preparedness Actions Including Training..........48 b. Fire Readiness of Equipment and Supplies..............................................49 c. Fire Weather and Fire Danger Monitoring ..............................................49 (1) Weather Stations ............................................................................49 (2) National Fire Danger Rating System.................................................50 d. Step-Up Staffing Plan ............................................................................52 e. Severity Funding....................................................................................52 Page iv of 107 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) f. Fire Detection........................................................................................53 (1) Fire Lookouts ..................................................................................53 (2) Aerial Detection Flights ...................................................................53 (3) Fire Detection Patrols ......................................................................53 (4) Other Federal Agency Fire Detection Methods .................................53 3. Pre-Attack Plan ............................................................................................54 4. Initial Attack ................................................................................................54 a. Information Used to Set Initial Attack Priorities.......................................54 b. Dispatch................................................................................................55 c. Criteria for the Appropriate Initial Attack Response Consistent with Resource Management Plan Goals and Objectives..................................56 d. Confinement as an Initial Attack Suppression Strategy ...........................56 5. Extended Attack and Large
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