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Empire's Legacy: the Transformations of Roman Italy, 350 BC to AD 300

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Empire's Legacy: the Transformations of Roman Italy, 350 BC to AD 300 Empire’s Legacy: the Transformations of Roman Italy, 350 BC to AD 300 Convenor: Alessandro Launaro <[email protected]> Course description: It is fairly common for studies of (Roman) imperialism to concentrate their attention on its relative consequences on newly-acquired provinces or peripheral regions. However, the impact of empire on the centre may be as great, if not greater, especially as peripheries develop from a political and military land of conquest into an integrated and ‘global’ empire. A case in point is Roman Italy between 300 BC and AD 300: those six centuries saw the Italian people being (reluctantly) brought together under Roman hegemony, supplying Rome’s imperial ambitions with soldiers and resources, eventually achieving a position of unique privilege within the empire, only to lose it – somewhat ironically – once that same empire had fully matured. As conquerors became emperors, the people of Italy became just a part of a wider empire. This course will explore the political, social, economic and cultural transformations which took place within Italy as a result of its own changing relationship with Rome and her empire. Its approach will combine both a chronological and thematic element, discussing specific themes (e.g. colonization, identity, ‘Hellenization’, villa economy, demography) as the defining features of specific historical phases (or conjonctures). In order to achieve this, it will deploy the full array of available evidence – both archaeological and textual – as part of an effectively integrated account. Moving beyond easy narratives of ‘rise and fall’, this analysis will offer a more dynamic view of the transformations of Roman Italy, highlighting a remarkable degree of flexibility and adaptation to the new conditions and varied opportunities which the empire presented in the longue durée. Preliminary readings (those reported in bold are digitally available online): G. Bradley, E. Isayev and C. Riva (eds.) (2007), Ancient Italy: Regions without Boundaries (Exeter); G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.) (2017), The Peoples of Ancient Italy (Berlin); A. Cooley (ed.) (2016), A Companion to Roman Italy (Chichester); T.C.A. De Haas and G.W. Tol (eds.) (2017), The Economic Integration of Roman Italy (Leiden & Boston); J. De Rose Evans (ed.) (2013), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic (Chichester); A. Launaro (2011), Peasants and Slaves (Cambridge); K. Lomas (1996), Roman Italy, 338 BC – AD 200: a Sourcebook (London); J.R. Patterson (2006), Landscape and Cities (Oxford); T.W. Potter (1987), Roman Italy (London); S. Roselaar (2019), Italy’s Economic Revolution (Oxford); N. Terrenato (2019), The early Roman expansion into Italy (Cambridge); A. Wallace-Hadrill (2008), Rome’s Cultural Revolution (Cambridge). Mode of teaching: 16 hours of lectures, 9 hours of classes, 5 supervisions (1 hour, in groups of 2-3 students). Maximum supervision capacity: up to 30 people PART 2 / PAPER D4 EMPIRE’S LEGACY: THE TRANSFORMATIONS OF ROMAN ITALY, 350 BC TO AD 300 Course bibliography Alessandro Launaro * = suggested readings highlighted = available online GENERAL RESOURCES FOR THIS COURSE Cancik, H. et al. (eds.) 2005-2010. Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopedia of the Ancient World. Leiden & Boston Erskine, A., Hollander, D.B., Papaconstantinou, A. et al. (eds.) 2012. The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. Malden-Oxford. Hornblower, S., Spawforth, A. and Eidinow, E. (eds) 2012. The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 4th ed. Oxford. Lomas, K. 1996. Roman Italy, 338 BC – AD 200. A Sourcebook. London. Patterson, J. 2020. Roman Italy, 4th century bce to 3rd century ce. In Oxford Bibliography in Classics. Oxford. DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780195389661-0348 Talbert, R. (ed.) 2000. Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton. Wittke, A.-M., Olshausen, E. and Szydlak, R. (eds.) 2010. Historical Atlas of the Ancient World. Leiden & Boston. 1. INTRODUCTION: ROMANS AND ITALIANS Bintliff, J. 1991. The Annales School and Archaeology. London-Leicester. Bintliff, J. 2004. Time, structure, and agency: the Annales, emergent complexity, and archaeology. In J. Bintliff (ed.), A Companion to Archaeology. Malden-Oxford. 174-194. *Bradley, G. and Glinister, F. 2013. Italic religion. In L. Bredholt Christensen, O. Hammer and D.A. Warburton (eds.), The Handbook of Religions in Ancient Europe. Durham. 173-191. Burke, P. 2015. The French Historical Revolution: the Annales School, 1929-2014, 2nd ed. Stanford *Carlà-Uhink, F. 2017. The “Birth” of Italy. The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd-1st Century BCE. Berlin-Boston. [97-111] de Cazanove, O. 2007. Pre-Roman Italy, before and under the Romans. In J. Rüpke (ed.), A Companion to Roman Religion. Malden-Oxford. 43-57. Carter, J.C. 2006. Discovering the Greek Countryside at Metaponto. Ann Arbor. [91-132] Dench, E. 2005. Beyond the Greeks and Barbarians: Italy and Sicily in the Hellenistic Age. In A. Erskine (ed.), A Companion to the Hellenistic world. Oxford. 294-310. Di Fazio, M. 2017. Religions of Ancient Italy. In G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. Berlin-Boston. 149-172. *Glinister, F. 2006. Reconsidering “religious Romanization”. In C. Schultz and P.B. Harvey (eds.), Religion in Republican Italy. Cambridge.10-33. Griffith, A.B. 2013. Reconstructing religious ritual in Italy. In J. DeRose Evans (ed.), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic. Malden-Oxford. 235-249. Gualtieri, M. 2013. Greeks, Lucanians and Romans at Poseidonia/Paestum (South Italy). In J. DeRose Evans (ed.), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic. Malden-Oxford. 369-386. [369-382] Horden, P. and Purcell, N. 2000. The Corrupting Sea. London. [9-25, 123-72] *Horsnaes, H.W. 2017. Ancient Italian Numismatics. In G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. Berlin-Boston. 35-61. Hughes, J. 2017. Votive Body Parts in Greek and Roman Religion. Cambridge. [62-105] Isayev, H. 2007. Why Italy? In G. Bradley, E. Isayev and C. Riva (eds.). Ancient Italy. Regions Without Boundaries. Exeter. 1-20. *Isayev, H. 2016. Italy before the Romans. In A.E. Cooley (ed.), A Companion to Roman Italy. Malden- Oxford. 2-32. Isayev, H. 2017. Migration, Mobility and Place in Ancient Italy. Cambridge. *Johnson, M. 2010. Archaeological Theory: an Introduction, 2nd ed. Chichester. [185-187] Laird, M.L. 2016. Diversity in Architecture and Urbanism. In A.E. Cooley (ed.), A Companion to Roman Italy. Malden-Oxford. 181-216. [181-194] *Lomas, K. 1995. The Greeks in the West and the Hellenization of Italy. In A. Powell (ed.), The Greek World. London-New York. 347-367. [347-353] *Lomas , K. 2009. Italy beyond Rome. In A. Erskine (ed.), A Companion to Ancient History. Malden- Oxford. 248-259. *Lomas, K. 2013. Language and literacy in Roman Italy. In A.E. Cooley (ed.), A Companion to Roman Italy. Malden-Oxford. 217-234. [217-222] Moggetta, M. 2014. From Latin planned urbanism to Roman colonial layouts: the town-planning of Gabii and its cultural implications. In E.C. Robinson (ed.), Papers on Italian Urbanism in the First Millennium B.C. Portsmouth. 145-174. Purcell, N. 1994. South Italy in the Fourth century B.C. In D. M. Lewis et al. (eds.), Cambridge Ancient History: the Fourth Century BC, 2nd ed. Cambridge. 381-403. Rosealaar, S. 2019. Italy’s Economic Revolution. Integration and Economy in Republican Italy. Oxford. [40-46]. Scopacasa, R. 2015. Moulding cultural change: a contextual approach to anatomical votive terracottas in Central Italy, Fourth-Second centuries BC. In Papers of the British School at Rome 83: 1-27, 343-344. *Scopacasa, R. 2017. Ethnicity. In G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. Berlin-Boston. 105-126. Sewell, J. 2016. Higher-order settlements in Early Hellenistic Italy: a quantitative analysis of a new archaeological database. In American Journal of Archaeology 120.4: 603-630. *Stoddart, S. 2006. The physical geography and environment of Republican Italy. In N. Rosenstein and R. Morstein-Marx (eds.), A Companion to the Roman Republic. Malden-Oxford. 102-121. *Terrenato, N. 2019. The early Roman Expansion into Italy: Elite Negotiation and Family Agendas. Cambridge. [31-108] Zair, N. 2017. Languages of Ancient Italy. In G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. Berlin-Boston. 127-148. 2. A TASTE OF EMPIRE: ROME’S ENCROACHMENT ON ITALY Adam, J.-P. 1994. Roman Building: Materials and Technique. London. [276-280] *Bradley, G. 2014. The nature of Roman strategy in Mid-Republican colonization and road-building. In J. Pelgrom and T. Stek (eds.), Roman Republican Colonisation: New Perspectives from Archaeology and Ancient History. Rome. 61-72. *Bradley, G. and Hall, J. 2017. The Roman conquest of Italy. In G.D. Farney and G. Bradley (eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. Berlin-Boston. 191-214. *Broadhead, W. 2001. Rome’s migration policy and the so-called ius migrandi. In Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz 12: 69-89. Broadhead, W. 2008. Migration and hegemony: fixity and mobility in second-century Italy. In L. de Ligt and S. Northwood (eds.), People, Land, and Politics: Demographic Developments and the Transformation of Roman Italy 300 BC-AD 14. Leiden. 451-470. Capogrossi Colognesi, L. 2014. Law and Power in the Making of the Roman Commonwealth. Cambridge. [89-107]. *Carlà-Uhink, F. 2017. The “Birth” of Italy. The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd-1st Century BCE. Berlin/Boston. [70-95, 203-255] Cornell, T. 1995. The Beginnings of Rome. Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c.1000-264 BC). London. [293-304, 351-419] DeLaine, J. 2016. Ostia. In A.E. Cooley (ed.), A Companion to Roman Italy. Malden-Oxford. 417-438. [417-422] Dilke, O.A.W. 1971. The Roman Land Surveyors: An Introduction to the Agrimensores. New York. [133-149] Dilke, O.A.W. 1985. Greek and Roman Maps. London. Dyson, S.L.
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