DOCSLIB.ORG

Participatory Monitoring of Humanitarian Mine Action

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Participatory Monitoring of Humanitarian Mine Action The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR—an intergovernmental organization within the United Nations—conducts research on disarmament and security. UNIDIR is based in Geneva, Switzerland, the centre for bilateral and multilateral disarmament and non- proliferation negotiations, and home of the Conference on Disarmament. The Institute explores current issues pertaining to the variety of existing and future armaments, as well as global diplomacy and local entrenched tensions and conflicts. Working with researchers, diplomats, Government officials, NGOs and other institutions since 1980, UNIDIR acts as a bridge between the research community and Governments. UNIDIR’s activities are funded by contributions from Governments and donors foundations. The Institute’s web site can be found at URL: http://www.unidir.org Cover page: designed by Diego Oyarzún-Reyes (UNCTAD) Photos: provided by People Against Landmines (www.mgm.org) UNIDIR/2002/19 Participatory Monitoring of Humanitarian Mine Action: Giving Voice to Citizens of Nicaragua, Mozambique and Cambodia Susan Willett Editor UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research Geneva, Switzerland NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. * * * The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. UNIDIR/2002/19 Copyright © United Nations, 2003 All rights reserved UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. GV.E.03.0.6 ISBN 92-9045-146-7 CONTENTS Page Dedication. v Acknowledgements . vii Preface. ix Acronyms. xi Introduction Susan Willett . 1 Chapter 1 Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation of Humanitarian Mine Action in Nicaragua Susan Willett . 11 Introduction . 11 Background . 13 The Landmine Situation in Nicaragua . 17 Mine Action Coordination . 18 Mine Action Programmes . 21 Demining . 21 Stockpile Destruction. 23 Victim Assistance . 24 Victim Assistance Programmes . 25 A Case of Neglect: Somoto, Madriz. 28 A Local Initiative . 30 Socio-Economic Reintegration . 31 Conclusion . 34 iii iv Page Chapter 2 Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation of Humanitarian Mine Action in Mozambique Hildegard Scheu . 41 Introduction . 41 Background . 42 The Landmine Situation in Mozambique. 43 Mine and UXO Contamination . 43 History of Mine Action. 44 Mine Action Coordination . 45 Mozambique Landmine Impact Survey (2001). 47 Landmine Victim Data. 48 The Socio-Economic Impact of Mines . 49 Mine Action . 53 Mine Clearance . 53 Mine Risk Reduction Education (MRRE) . 60 Survivor Assistance. 62 Mine Action Funding . 64 Conclusion . 64 Chapter 3 Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation of Humanitarian Mine Action in Cambodia Chris Dammers . 69 Background . 69 Landmines in Cambodia . 71 Government and Civil Society. 73 Mine Action . 75 Mine Victims and Mine Victim Support. 78 Mine Action in Context. 80 Conclusions and Recommendations . 82 Annex: Mine Victims in Cambodia . 91 UNIDIR Publications . 103 DEDICATION This publication is dedicated to all the mine victims around the world who still do not have the support, the recourses or a voice with which to overcome their suffering and regain dignity in their lives. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are a number of individuals and organizations whose direct and indirect contributions to this study have been invaluable. Firstly I would like to thank the United Nations Foundation whose financial support enabled the feasibility studies to be conducted on the use of participatory monitoring and evaluation techniques in Mozambique, Nicaragua and Cambodia. Secondly I would like to acknowledge the inspiration provided by the Participatory Group at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex. I would also like to acknowledge the stimulating discussions I had early on in the project with Robert Muggah from the Small Arms Survey about the potential application of participatory monitoring and evaluation to citizens monitoring and verification of arms control and disarmament processes. Not forgetting my co-contributors Hildegard Scheu and Chris Dammers, whose enthusiasm for this pioneering project was most rewarding. Thanks are also due to my colleagues at UNIDIR, Steve Tulliu and Anita Blétry for all their work on the final manuscripts. By far the most instructive and inspiring experience took place during my visit to mine-affected communities along the Nicaraguan/Honduran border. Here I would like to mention Carlos Pacheco from the Centro de Estudios Internacionales de Nicaragua, who selflessly acted as my translator and guide, Peter Sundberg from the Falls Brook Centre, who is training landmine victims, but above all I want to acknowledge the work of Uriel Carazo and all his compañeros at the Comisión Conjunta de Discapacitados por la Paz y la Reconstruccion de Madriz (CCDPRM) in Somoto. Their unstinting work in support of mine-affected communities, their lack of resources, and the fact that they are all ex-combatants and mine victims are truly humbling. Their sense of community and dedication drove me on to ensure that one way or another their voices and experience would be heard in the corridors of power. Finally I would like to acknowledge the love and support given to me by my long-suffering husband, Fred Hasson, who put up with my extended absences, but was always there when the going got rough. vii PREFACE At a time when arms control and disarmament are being rolled back in favour of unilateral rearmament, it is reassuring to find that the Mine Ban Treaty (MBT) continues to make headway in achieving its universal goals. This is partly attributable to the fact that the MBT is primarily driven by humanitarian principles, rather than the balance of military power dynamics that have characterized more traditional and less secure regimes such as the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty and the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) process. The durability of the MBT is also attributable to the fact that civil society has played such a central role in the formulation and the evolution of humanitarian mine action. While not party to the treaty, civil society organizations, particularly those that work under the umbrella organization the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), have worked tirelessly to further the aims of the treaty, to monitor the treaty’s progress around the world, to ensure that States parties comply with their treaty obligations and to place pressure on those States that remain outside the treaty to join. While certain States remain sceptical, even resistant to the role of civil society in arms control regimes, within the humanitarian mine action community the majority of member States welcome and even rely upon the constructive work that ICBL contributes towards achieving the goal of a universal ban on landmines. One area in which ICBL has been particularly innovative is in the field of citizens’ monitoring and verification (CM&V). To date ICBL has evolved the most sophisticated and universal form of CM&V, encapsulated in the annual publication the Landmine Monitor. Although not an official mechanism of the Mine Ban Treaty it has come to be regarded as one of the most reliable verification sources on the MBT. The techniques of CM&V are however still in their infancy. There is a sense in which much of ICBL activity in this field is driven by learning by doing, a valid form of policy evolution within the development field. By implication learning by doing suggests that the techniques and methodologies utilized in CM&V have yet to achieve maturity. ix x In this publication, by way of contributing to the debate on appropriate methodologies for CM&V, we have tentatively explored the idea of using participatory monitoring and evaluation techniques in an attempt to expand the notion of CM&V. Established participatory methods of monitoring and evaluation that have evolved within the development field facilitate the input of so-called recipients into the policy implementation process, thereby empowering affected communities through their inclusion. Participatory policies not only attempt to break traditional patterns of dependency but give substance to the idea of democratization and civil society empowerment. The implication of using participatory methods of monitoring in mine-affected communities is that it will bestow even greater strength and credibility to the process of CM&V. Our study by no means proffers tried and tested solutions. The following pages simply capture the beginning of a process, in which the feasibility of using participatory methods is explored. It is hoped that the contents will stimulate not only further debate on the potential of participatory methods but also encourage practitioners to adopt such techniques, so that those most affected by landmines are included in the monitoring and verification process. Susan Willett August 2002 ACRONYMS ADEMO Associação dos Deficientes Moçambicanos ADP Accelerated Demining Programme AMAC Assistance to Mine-Affected Communities Project at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) CCDPRM Comisión Conjunta de Discapacitados por la Paz y la Reconstruccion de Madriz CEEN Centro de Estudios Estrategicos de Nicaragua CEI Centro de Estudios Internacionales CIDA
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Action Sheet 6 Mines and Explosive Remnants of War Key Message in Many of Today’S Conflicts Landmines Kill and Mutilate More Civilians Than Any Other Weapon
    Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons Action Sheet 6 Mines and Explosive Remnants of War Key message In many of today’s conflicts landmines kill and mutilate more civilians than any other weapon. They affect far more civilians than military personnel and continue to do so long after the conflict has ended. Landmines and explosive remnants of war pose a serious threat to civilians, including internally displaced persons, whether during flight, during displacement or when trying to return home or pursuing other solutions. It is imperative that mine action is fully integrated in the overall humanitarian response. 1. What are landmines and explosive remnants of war? A landmine is an explosive device that is placed under, on or near the ground or other surface, and that is designed to explode by the presence, proximity or contact of a person or a vehicle.1 Landmines can also be triggered by tripwires, command detonation and other methods, or can self-detonate with the passage of time. They are sometimes booby-trapped by anti-handling devices to make their removal more difficult. Landmines are usually camouflaged and can be difficult to detect and avoid. They are often laid in patterns to create security barriers along roads and around strategic military areas or installations. In many cases, however, they are laid without clear design or record in areas that are mainly civilian. Explosive remnants of war (ERW) are all explosive ordnance that have been used or fired but have failed to explode as intended (unexploded ordnance or UXO) or that have been abandoned (abandoned unexploded ordnance or AXO).2 They can be hard to detect, have no consistent shape, are often unstable, and can detonate if touched or disturbed, or simply as a result of the passage of time.
    [Show full text]
  • Mine Action and Effective Coordination: the United Nations Inter-Agency Policy Acronyms
    MINE ACTION AND EFFECTIVE COORDINATION: THE UNITED NATIONS INTER-AGENCY POLICY ACRONYMS APMBT Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty CAP Consolidated Appeals Process CCW Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons DDA Department of Disarmament Affairs DPKO Department of Peacekeeping Operations ERW Explosive Remnants of War FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GICHD Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining IACG-MA Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee ICBL International Campaign to Ban Landmines ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IMAS International Mine Action Standards IMSMA Information Management System for Mine Action MACC Mine Action Coordination Centre MASG Mine Action Support Group MRE Mine Risk Education NGO Nongovernmental Organisation OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OHCHR Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights OSAGI Office of the Special Advisor on Gender Issues SCMA Steering Committee on Mine Action SRSG Special Representative of the Secretary-General UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services UNMAS United Nations Mine Action Service UXO Unexploded Ordnance WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization Photos by GERVASIO SA´NCHEZ from the book VIDAS MINADAS. CONTENTS Preface . 3 I. Vision and Objectives . 5 II. Context . 7 III. Legal Framework . 8 IV. Common Positions . 11 V. Mine Action Roles and Responsibilities of the United Nations . 19 A. Decision-making and coordination . 19 B. Programme support and management . 21 C. Key activities of United Nations-supported and managed programmes .
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Peace Operations
    OROLSI is comprised of five components: “UN Peacekeeping deploys to some of the most complex OFFICE OF RULE OF LAW & SECURITY INSTITUTIONS and difficult places, protecting some of the world’s most United Nations Police Division (PD) vulnerable. We are working in partnership with Member States to implement the Secretary-General’s Action for Where requested and mandated, United Nations Police (UNPOL) supports Member States to realize effective, efficient, representative, responsive and accountable police services that Peacekeeping initiative to strengthen peacekeeping, including serve and protect the population. UNPOL build and support police capacity to prevent and to improve how we protect civilians, which is at the heart of detect crime, protect life and property and maintain public order and safety in adherence our work. For hundreds of millions, peacekeeping is the last to the rule of law and international human rights norms. The United Nations Police Division best hope and it needs all our support.” supports UNPOL by selecting, recruiting, deploying and rotating personnel in UN peace operations; developing policy and guidance; providing strategic and operational support, Jean-Pierre Lacroix Under-Secretary-General for Peace Operations including through the Standing Police Capacity; and facilitating assessments and evaluations. Justice and Corrections Service (JCS) Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) OROLSI colleagues are at the forefront of efforts to enhance The Justice and Corrections Service serves as a center of expertise on justice and the performance and accountability of peacekeepers, includ- corrections areas and supports the work of justice and corrections components in OROLSI is committed to ing by conducting trainings and assessments of Formed Police United Nations peace operations and other UN entities.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Should Ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) As a Matter of Priority
    CLEARING CLUSTER DEMOCRATIC MUNITION REMNANTS REPUBLIC 2019 OF CONGO RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION ■ The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) should ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) as a matter of priority. ■ DRC should comply with its obligations under international human rights law to clear cluster munition remnants (CMR) on territory under its jurisdiction or control as soon as possible. ■ The DRC should prioritise completing clearance of the newly identified CMR-contaminated areas on its territory. Far greater efforts should also be made to ensure the accuracy of survey by national operators, with precise reporting of the type of devices identified along with the size of suspected hazardous areas (SHAs) and confirmed hazardous areas (CHAs). ■ Significant efforts should be made to ensure the national mine action database is accurate, up to date, and effectively managed and resourced by the national authorities. Updated information should be regularly shared with all mine action stakeholders. ■ Mine action data should be recorded and reported according to International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) land release terminology. ■ The national mine action authority, the Centre Congolais de Lutte Antimines (CCLAM), should enhance collaboration with, and support for the work of, international mine action organisations. UNDERSTANDING OF CONTAMINATION According to CCLAM, at the start of 2019, six CHAs in The CCLAM reported that a national survey of CMR was the DRC contained CMR, covering a total size of just carried out in tandem with a survey of anti-personnel over 81,000m2. CCLAM reported that these areas were mine contamination in 2013–14, with the exception of newly recorded in the national database in 2018 and Aru, a territory in Ituri province, and Dungu, a territory early 2019.1 in Haut Uele province.
    [Show full text]
  • ENDING the LANDMINE ERA ACHIEVEMENTS and CHALLENGES Landmines DEF GB 2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 4
    Landmines DEF_GB_2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 3 ENDING THE LANDMINE ERA ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Landmines DEF_GB_2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 4 The landmine epidemic is being contained but success of the Ottawa Convention will depend their commitments and provide the necessary ⇍ In the mid-1990s, the medical staff of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) - overwhelmed by the ever-increasing number of civilian mine victims they had to treat - characterized the global anti-personnel mine problem as an epidemic. ⇍ Major public advocacy campaigns undertaken by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), the United Nations and many States, culminated in 1997 in the adoption of a new international treaty outlawing anti-personnel mines: the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction (Ottawa Convention). ⇍ This was the first time in history that States had agreed to ban a weapon that was in widespread use by armed forces throughout the world, owing to its appalling human costs.The treaty is based on fundamental rules of humanitarian law prohibiting the use of certain kinds of weapons. ⇍ Since 1997 impressive progress has been made towards universal adherence to, and implementation of, the Ottawa Convention. It has already had a significant impact in many mine-affected countries. ⇍ Where mine-affected States are faithfully fulfilling their obligations, the annual number of new mine victims has fallen by two-thirds or more. Lives, limbs and livelihoods are being saved.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023
    THE UNITED NATIONS MINE ACTION STRATEGY 2019-2023 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM IN MINE ACTION 2 VISION 3 MISSION STATEMENT 5 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 7 CHAPTER II: CONTEXT AND OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 9 CHAPTER III: STRATEGIC APPROACH 15 CHAPTER IV: STRATEGIC OUTCOMES 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 1: PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES FROM THE RISKS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE STRENGTHENED. 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 2: SURVIVORS, FAMILY MEMBERS AND COMMUNITIES AFFECTED BY EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE HAVE EQUAL ACCESS TO HEALTH AND EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATE FULLY IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 3: NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EFFECTIVELY LEAD AND MANAGE MINE ACTION FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES 16 CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIC OUTCOME 1: MOMENTUM AND PROFILE OF MINE ACTION EFFORTS, INCLUDING THROUGH MAINSTREAMING IN HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE, HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACEBUILDING, STABILIZATION, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, MAINTAINED AND ENHANCED 16 CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIC OUTCOME 2: MINE ACTION PROGRAMMES ADDRESS THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF WOMEN, GIRLS, MEN AND BOYS FROM DIVERSE GROUPS, WHILE FACILITATING THEIR EMPOWERMENT AND INCLUSION 18 CHAPTER V: MONITORING AND EVALUATION 20 NOTE ON METHODOLOGY 22 ANNEXES 27 ACRONYMS THE UN SYSTEM IN MINE ACTION Cover photo caption: In Nepal, UNICEF provides risk education to local children in a school, near to where one child was killed and another injured when they tampered with an Improvised Explosive Device (IED). UNICEF/Laurenge — 31 — THE UNITED NATIONS IN MINE ACTION The United Nations Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023 is an accountability framework for the UN system. The Strategy reflects the collective engagement of the United Nations Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action (IACG-MA).
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction and History of Mine Action Key Messages
    Chapter 1 PART I – WHAT IS MINE ACTION? INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF MINE ACTION KEY MESSAGES • Anti-personnel landmines, cluster munitions and explosive remnants of war (ERW) are defined in international treaties and conventions. • Landmines and cluster munitions have been used extensively around the globe since World War II. • Quantifying the level of contamination and the number of mine victims around the world has been difficult, but is becoming better as a result of improved survey and reporting processes. • The Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC) and the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) have played a key role in the development of the sector. • National level mine action programmes have successfully evolved over the years and landmines/ERW are increasingly seen as a development issue. INTRODUCTION Mine action is the combination of activities designed to: • reduce real and perceived risks to affected populations of landmines, cluster munitions, ammunition stockpiles and ERW; • address consequences of accidents upon victims; • reduce economic, social and developmental consequences of contamination; and • advocate developing, adopting and complying with appropriate instruments of international humanitarian law (IHL). Each of these elements of mine action is addressed in this publication. It is, however, important to understand that mine action is most effective when all its different component activities take place together, in a coordinated and reinforcing programme. Doing so is difficult, requiring the combined attention and efforts of international and national government agencies, international institutions, militaries, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), commercial companies and representatives of women, girls, boys and men in affected populations. 14 | Chapter 1 Mine action is not a static process that has already been defined and perfected.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2009 2009
    THE UNITED NATIONS MINE ACTION SERVICE | ANNUAL REPORT 2009 2009 Our DOnOrs ANDORA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA CANADA COMMON DENMARK EUROPEAN FINLAND HUMANITARIAN FUND COMMISSION ITALY ITF JAPAN KOREA, REPUBLIC OF LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG NETHERLANDS NEW ZEALAND OMAN SAUDI ARABIA SPAIN SWEDEN SWITZERLAND UNHCR UNITED KINGDOM 2009 Contents | annual report Foreword 03 Executive Summary 05 HEADQuArTErs COOrDInATIOn AnD THEMATIC ACTIVITIEs 07 Normative Frameworks 09 Coordination and Consultation Mechanisms to Increase Value for Money 15 Operational Effectiveness 20 Assisting Mine and ERW Survivors and Preventing Risks 27 Mine Risk Education 28 Ensuring Consensus Through Relevant Treaties 29 Communicating to the Public and Other Constituencies 35 Building Awareness within United Nations 38 Developing and Applying New Technologies 39 Photo: AFP Mohammed Abed 2009 Contents | annual report COunTrY PrOGrAMMEs 41 Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of 42 Chad 52 Democratic Republic of Congo 55 Gaza 59 Lebanon 62 Nepal 67 Somalia 73 Sudan 78 Western Sahara 90 UNMAS Support to Other Programmes 94 FInAnCIAL PErFOrMAnCE 98 Photo: AFP Mohammed Abed 2009 FOREWORD As Chair of the Inter-Agency Coordination Group Demining and Victim Assistance (ITF), the Common for Mine Action (IACG-MA), I am honoured to Humanitarian Trust Fund for Sudan (CHF) and the present to you the results achieved by the UN Mine UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Action Service (UNMAS), a crucial component of contributed to the Voluntary Trust Fund for the Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions Assistance in Mine Action (VTF) in 2009, compared (OROLSI) in the Department of Peacekeeping to 19 donors in 2008. The total amount of US $90.7 Operations (DPKO).
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Mre Handbook
    Emergency Mine Risk Education Toolkit EMERGENCY MRE HANDBOOK July 2008 First Edition, New York unicef unite for children Key do’s and don’ts Do adapt the messages and materials illustrated in this Handbook to local circumstances – they’re suggestions not a blueprint. don’t provide technical details about mines or explosive remnants of war to children. Do make sure you understand the explosive threat in as much detail as possible before planning your programme. don’t carry on implementing your emergency mine risk education programme for more than six weeks before reviewing progress. Do work in partnership with other MRE organisations, not in competition. don’t print your own materials if you can agree on a standard set of materials that every organisation can use – this ensures consistency of message and approach. Do use a mix of communication channels to get your safety messages across successfully. Be creative! unicef For every child Health, Education, Equality, Protection ADVANCE HUMANITY Contents INTRODUCTION 1 Responsibilities What is MRE? 1 What is emergency MRE? 1 and timelines How does MRE differ in an emergency? 1 What is the aim of the Emergency MRE Handbook? 2 Layout of the Handbook 2 SECTION A: Responsibilities and timelines 3 SECTION B: Understanding the threat 4 Types of explosive device 4 Relative threats to the civilian population 6 SECTION C: A needs and capacities assessment 7 Determining target audiences 8 Sources of information on casualties 8 Gathering data on suspected hazardous areas 9 Storing data 9 Ten principles for data gathering 10 UNICEF works with children, SECTION D: Setting objectives and strategies families and communities to for an emergency MRE campaign 11 lower their risks of being hurt Setting objectives 11 by landmines.
    [Show full text]
  • Portfolio of Mine Action Projects 2011 (PDF)
    PORTFOLIO OF MINE ACtioN ProJECTS 2011 FOUrtEENTH EDitioN PUBliSHED BY UNitED NatioNS MINE ACtioN SERVICE (DEpartmENT of PEACEKEEpiNG OPEratioNS) UNitED NatioNS DEVElopmENT ProGrammE UNitED NatioNS CHilDREN’S FUND Portfolio of Mine Action Projects 2011 © United Nations Mine Action Service Department of Peacekeeping Operations Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions 380 Madison Avenue, 11th floor New York, NY 10017, USA [email protected] www.mineaction.org United Nations Development Programme, Mine Action, Small Arms and Armed Violence Team, 1 United Nations Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10017, USA. [email protected] United Nations Children’s Fund Landmines and Small Arms Cluster Child Protection Section, Programme Division 3 United Nations Plaza, H-832 New York, NY 10017, USA [email protected] Portfolio of MINE ACtioN ProJECTS 2011 CoNTENTS Introduction iii 2011 Portfolio Highlights iv Portfolio of Mine Action Projects: Questions and Answers v Country/Territorial Profiles and Projects 1 Afghanistan (Islamic Republic of) 2 Albania 14 Angola 26 Azerbaijan 37 Bosnia and Herzegovina 43 Cambodia 51 Chad 63 Colombia 76 Croatia 103 Cyprus 113 Democratic Republic of Congo 118 Egypt 146 Eritrea 155 Ethiopia 162 Guinea Bissau 168 Iraq 177 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 193 Lebanon 206 Mauritania 215 MINURSO (UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara) 222 Mozambique 228 Nepal 236 Occupied Palestinian Territory 243 Pakistan 247 Somalia 256 Sri Lanka 276 Sudan 287 Tajikistan 308 Yemen 336 Global Projects 346 Charts
    [Show full text]
  • LANDMINE EMERGENCY Twenty Years on from the Ottawa Treaty the World Is Facing a New Humanitarian Crisis
    ISSUE BRIEF LANDMINE EMERGENCY Twenty years on from the Ottawa Treaty the world is facing a new humanitarian crisis January 2017 SUMMARY Twenty years on from the historic Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty, the world is facing a new landmine emergency. The regional conflict in Iraq and Syria has resulted in a scale of contamination not seen for decades. Global deaths and injuries from landmines hit a ten-year high in 2015 – a staggering 75% increase on those recorded in 2014. This trend is set to continue unless urgent action is taken and more funding provided to respond to this new emergency, as well as to legacy contamination from the latter part of the 20th Century. Every day in Iraq and Syria, people are losing lives, limbs and livelihoods from indiscriminate weapons that have no place in modern warfare. The legacy of the treaty must mean more than this: the world must respond and say, once again, that use of these weapons is not acceptable. Action must be taken to remove these indiscriminate killers once and for all. CONTENTS 3 Introduction 4 The New Landmine Emergency 6 The Legacy Landmine Issue 7 Conclusion WHAT IS A LANDMINE? An anti-personnel mine is an explosive munition that is deployed to explode by the presence, proximity or contact of a person and which is placed under, on or near the ground. Anti-personnel mines are ‘dumb’ weapons, meaning they cannot tell the difference between a solider and a civilian and they keep functioning long after a conflict has ended. Above: Landmines cleared by MAG in Mosul and awaiting destruction.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper UNITED NATIONS / WORLD
    31542 Public Disclosure Authorized Working Paper Public Disclosure Authorized UNITED NATIONS / WORLD BANK JOINT IRAQ NEEDS ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized Mine Action TASK MANAGER: ARCHIE LAW, UNMAS AGENCIES PARTICIPATING: UNMAS, UNOPS, UNICEF, UNDP, UNEP, WHO, WFP Public Disclosure Authorized October 2003 Joint Iraq Needs Assessment Working Paper – Mine Action 1 Introduction The Mine Action Needs Assessment was conducted with the assistance of the Iraqi National Mine Action Authority and UN colleagues in Iraq. The assessment was constrained by the limited knowledge of the impact of landmines and UXO outside of the three northern governorates, the security difficulties and the time frame in which the assessment had to be completed. The process undertaken to complete the assessment included a desk assessment and stakeholder meetings in Erbil, Baghdad and Basra that included a cross section of mine action service providers. In Erbil the stakeholder meeting was held with the assistance of the UNOPS Mine Action Programme and representatives from the national mine action NGOs were in attendance. In Baghdad the assessment gained valuable input from other sectoral working groups, mine action NGOs and commercial companies and the National Mine Action Authority for Iraq. In Basra the Area Mine Action Coordination Team held a workshop that included all Mine Action Service Providers and the Coalition Military. NGOs and UN colleagues who were not able to attend the meetings provided input by email, and an early draft report was shared with them for comment. An emergency mine action survey currently underway in the North and South of Iraq and an impact survey completed in 2002 have provided valuable data for the report.
    [Show full text]