Mine Action a Guide to Mine Action
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Action Sheet 6 Mines and Explosive Remnants of War Key Message in Many of Today’S Conflicts Landmines Kill and Mutilate More Civilians Than Any Other Weapon
Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons Action Sheet 6 Mines and Explosive Remnants of War Key message In many of today’s conflicts landmines kill and mutilate more civilians than any other weapon. They affect far more civilians than military personnel and continue to do so long after the conflict has ended. Landmines and explosive remnants of war pose a serious threat to civilians, including internally displaced persons, whether during flight, during displacement or when trying to return home or pursuing other solutions. It is imperative that mine action is fully integrated in the overall humanitarian response. 1. What are landmines and explosive remnants of war? A landmine is an explosive device that is placed under, on or near the ground or other surface, and that is designed to explode by the presence, proximity or contact of a person or a vehicle.1 Landmines can also be triggered by tripwires, command detonation and other methods, or can self-detonate with the passage of time. They are sometimes booby-trapped by anti-handling devices to make their removal more difficult. Landmines are usually camouflaged and can be difficult to detect and avoid. They are often laid in patterns to create security barriers along roads and around strategic military areas or installations. In many cases, however, they are laid without clear design or record in areas that are mainly civilian. Explosive remnants of war (ERW) are all explosive ordnance that have been used or fired but have failed to explode as intended (unexploded ordnance or UXO) or that have been abandoned (abandoned unexploded ordnance or AXO).2 They can be hard to detect, have no consistent shape, are often unstable, and can detonate if touched or disturbed, or simply as a result of the passage of time. -
Mine Action and Effective Coordination: the United Nations Inter-Agency Policy Acronyms
MINE ACTION AND EFFECTIVE COORDINATION: THE UNITED NATIONS INTER-AGENCY POLICY ACRONYMS APMBT Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty CAP Consolidated Appeals Process CCW Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons DDA Department of Disarmament Affairs DPKO Department of Peacekeeping Operations ERW Explosive Remnants of War FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GICHD Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining IACG-MA Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee ICBL International Campaign to Ban Landmines ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IMAS International Mine Action Standards IMSMA Information Management System for Mine Action MACC Mine Action Coordination Centre MASG Mine Action Support Group MRE Mine Risk Education NGO Nongovernmental Organisation OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OHCHR Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights OSAGI Office of the Special Advisor on Gender Issues SCMA Steering Committee on Mine Action SRSG Special Representative of the Secretary-General UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services UNMAS United Nations Mine Action Service UXO Unexploded Ordnance WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization Photos by GERVASIO SA´NCHEZ from the book VIDAS MINADAS. CONTENTS Preface . 3 I. Vision and Objectives . 5 II. Context . 7 III. Legal Framework . 8 IV. Common Positions . 11 V. Mine Action Roles and Responsibilities of the United Nations . 19 A. Decision-making and coordination . 19 B. Programme support and management . 21 C. Key activities of United Nations-supported and managed programmes . -
Department of Peace Operations
OROLSI is comprised of five components: “UN Peacekeeping deploys to some of the most complex OFFICE OF RULE OF LAW & SECURITY INSTITUTIONS and difficult places, protecting some of the world’s most United Nations Police Division (PD) vulnerable. We are working in partnership with Member States to implement the Secretary-General’s Action for Where requested and mandated, United Nations Police (UNPOL) supports Member States to realize effective, efficient, representative, responsive and accountable police services that Peacekeeping initiative to strengthen peacekeeping, including serve and protect the population. UNPOL build and support police capacity to prevent and to improve how we protect civilians, which is at the heart of detect crime, protect life and property and maintain public order and safety in adherence our work. For hundreds of millions, peacekeeping is the last to the rule of law and international human rights norms. The United Nations Police Division best hope and it needs all our support.” supports UNPOL by selecting, recruiting, deploying and rotating personnel in UN peace operations; developing policy and guidance; providing strategic and operational support, Jean-Pierre Lacroix Under-Secretary-General for Peace Operations including through the Standing Police Capacity; and facilitating assessments and evaluations. Justice and Corrections Service (JCS) Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) OROLSI colleagues are at the forefront of efforts to enhance The Justice and Corrections Service serves as a center of expertise on justice and the performance and accountability of peacekeepers, includ- corrections areas and supports the work of justice and corrections components in OROLSI is committed to ing by conducting trainings and assessments of Formed Police United Nations peace operations and other UN entities. -
Handbook on the Management of Munitions Response Actions
United States Office of Solid Waste and EPA 505-B-01-001 Environmental Protection Emergency Response May 2005 Agency Washington, DC 20460 EPA Handbook on the Management of Munitions Response Actions Interim Final 000735 EPA Handbook on The Management of Munitions Response Actions INTERIM FINAL May 2005 000736 This page intentionally left blank. 000737 Disclaimer This handbook provides guidance to EPA staff. The document does not substitute for EPA’s statutes or regulations, nor is it a regulation itself. Thus, it cannot impose legally binding requirements on EPA, States, or the regulated community, and may not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances. This handbook is an Interim Final document and allows for future revisions as applicable. 000738 This page intentionally left blank. 000739 TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................................... xiii ACRONYMS ...............................................................xxv 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1-1 1.1 Overview...................................................... 1-1 1.2 The Common Nomenclature ....................................... 1-2 1.3 Organization of This Handbook .................................... 1-5 2.0 REGULATORY OVERVIEW ........................................... 2-1 2.1 Regulatory Overview............................................. 2-2 2.1.1 Defense Environmental Restoration Program .................... 2-2 2.1.2 CERCLA ............................................... -
Unexploded Ordnance: a Reference Guide for the Citizen
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BRIEFS FOR CITIZENS by M. Lambert Unexploded Ordnance: A Reference Guide for the Citizen This publication is published by the Hazard- he Technical Outreach Services contain lead, which might contaminate ous Substance Research Centers as part of their Technical Outreach Services for Com- for Communities (TOSC) pro- firing ranges on military bases. How- munities (TOSC) program series of Environ- Tgram of the Great Plains/ ever, many “formerly used defense mental Science and Technology Briefs for Rocky Mountain Hazardous Sub- sites” (known as FUDS in military par- Citizens. If you would like more information stance Research Center (HSRC) acts lance) have been left with unexploded about the TOSC program, contact your re- gional coordinator: as a source of technical expertise for ordnance that present a special kind of citizens at formerly used defense sites hazard to those workers involved with Northeast HSRC undergoing environmental cleanup. cleaning up the site, and for any future New Jersy Institute of Technology Many communities across the United use of the area. Otto H. York CEES 138 Warren St. States are near former military bases Types of former military installa- Newark, NJ 07102 that have environmental problems. A tions where UXO may be encountered (201) 596-5846 complication in the cleanup of these during environmental cleanup typically sites is the potential presence of UXO include depots where ordnance may Great Plains/Rocky Mountain HSRC Kansas State University (unexploded ordnance). TOSC pre- have been stored and decommissioned, 101 Ward Hall sents this reference about UXO to help as well as bombing, artillery, and gun- Manhattan, KS 66506 provide the general public with a nery ranges used for firing practice. -
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Should Ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) As a Matter of Priority
CLEARING CLUSTER DEMOCRATIC MUNITION REMNANTS REPUBLIC 2019 OF CONGO RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION ■ The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) should ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) as a matter of priority. ■ DRC should comply with its obligations under international human rights law to clear cluster munition remnants (CMR) on territory under its jurisdiction or control as soon as possible. ■ The DRC should prioritise completing clearance of the newly identified CMR-contaminated areas on its territory. Far greater efforts should also be made to ensure the accuracy of survey by national operators, with precise reporting of the type of devices identified along with the size of suspected hazardous areas (SHAs) and confirmed hazardous areas (CHAs). ■ Significant efforts should be made to ensure the national mine action database is accurate, up to date, and effectively managed and resourced by the national authorities. Updated information should be regularly shared with all mine action stakeholders. ■ Mine action data should be recorded and reported according to International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) land release terminology. ■ The national mine action authority, the Centre Congolais de Lutte Antimines (CCLAM), should enhance collaboration with, and support for the work of, international mine action organisations. UNDERSTANDING OF CONTAMINATION According to CCLAM, at the start of 2019, six CHAs in The CCLAM reported that a national survey of CMR was the DRC contained CMR, covering a total size of just carried out in tandem with a survey of anti-personnel over 81,000m2. CCLAM reported that these areas were mine contamination in 2013–14, with the exception of newly recorded in the national database in 2018 and Aru, a territory in Ituri province, and Dungu, a territory early 2019.1 in Haut Uele province. -
ENDING the LANDMINE ERA ACHIEVEMENTS and CHALLENGES Landmines DEF GB 2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 4
Landmines DEF_GB_2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 3 ENDING THE LANDMINE ERA ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Landmines DEF_GB_2.5 20.8.2004 11:09 Page 4 The landmine epidemic is being contained but success of the Ottawa Convention will depend their commitments and provide the necessary ⇍ In the mid-1990s, the medical staff of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) - overwhelmed by the ever-increasing number of civilian mine victims they had to treat - characterized the global anti-personnel mine problem as an epidemic. ⇍ Major public advocacy campaigns undertaken by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), the United Nations and many States, culminated in 1997 in the adoption of a new international treaty outlawing anti-personnel mines: the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction (Ottawa Convention). ⇍ This was the first time in history that States had agreed to ban a weapon that was in widespread use by armed forces throughout the world, owing to its appalling human costs.The treaty is based on fundamental rules of humanitarian law prohibiting the use of certain kinds of weapons. ⇍ Since 1997 impressive progress has been made towards universal adherence to, and implementation of, the Ottawa Convention. It has already had a significant impact in many mine-affected countries. ⇍ Where mine-affected States are faithfully fulfilling their obligations, the annual number of new mine victims has fallen by two-thirds or more. Lives, limbs and livelihoods are being saved. -
Unexploded Ordnance
Detailed Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Threat & Risk Assessment Meeting the requirements of CIRIA C681 ‘Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) A guide for the Construction Industry’ Risk Management Framework PROJECT NUMBER P7462 ORIGINATOR L. Gregory VERSION NUMBER 1.0 REVIEWED BY B. Wilkinson (18th July 2019) CLIENT Campbell Reith RELEASED BY R. Griffiths (23rd July 2019) SITE Harrow (Northwick Park, HA1 3GX) RATING VERY HIGH - This Site requires further action to reduce risk to ALARP during intrusive activities. 6 Alpha Associates Limited, Unit 2A Woolpit Business Park, Bury St Edmunds, IP30 9UP, United Kingdom T: +44 (0)2033 713 900 | W: www.6alpha.com Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................. 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 3 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 5 STAGE ONE – SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION .............................................................................. 6 Proposed Works ............................................................................................................................. 6 Ground Conditions ........................................................................................................................ -
MIL EOD STM Lesson 1.2.Pdf
Lesson 1.2 Overview of United Nations Military Explosive Ordnance Disposal Units (MILEOD) 1 Lesson 1.2 Content • Terminology – key terms • UN use of the term EOD • Role of MILEOD • Aim of MILEOD deployment on Peacekeeping Missions • Direct support provided by EOD activities • EOD deployment considerations 2 Learning Outcomes Lesson 1.2 • Explain the key Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) terms • Explain the role and aim of MILEOD deployment in Peacekeeping Missions • Explain the direct support provided by EOD activities • Outline what planning considerations should be included when deploying a MILEOD 3 Abbreviations • AO: Area of Operation • IED: Improvised Explosive Device • AXO: Abandoned Explosive Ordnance • IEDD: Improvised Explosive Device Disposal • BAC: Battlefield Area Clearance • LOO: Lines of Operation • BCMD: Biological and Chemical • MILEOD: UN Military EOD units Munitions Disposal • OPCW: Organization for the • CBRN: Chemical, Biological, Radiological Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and Nuclear • PKO: Peacekeeping Operations • CMD: Conventional Munitions Disposal • ROE: Rules of Engagement • DtD: Defeat the Device • TCC: Troop Contributing Country • EO: Explosive Ordnance • UN: United Nations • EOD: Explosive Ordnance Disposal • UNMAS: United Nations Mine Action • ERW: Explosive Remnants of War Service • FP: Force Protection • UXO: Unexploded Ordnance • HN: Host Nation 4 Terminology – Key Terms • Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) • Explosive Ordnance (EO) • Conventional Munitions Disposal (CMD) • Improvised Explosive Device -
Unexploded Ordnance a Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods
Unexploded Ordnance A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods Jacqueline MacDonald Debra Knopman J.R. Lockwood Gary Cecchine Henry Willis Prepared for the United States Army R Arroyo Center Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research described in this report was sponsored by the United States Army under Contract No. DASW01-01-C-0003. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Unexploded ordnance : a critical review of risk assessment methods / Jacqueline MacDonald ... [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. “MR-1674.” ISBN 0-8330-3432-4 (Paperback) 1. Explosive ordnance disposal. 2. Military bases—United States. 3. Military base closures—United States. 4. Hazardous substances—Risk assessment—United States. I. MacDonald, Jacqueline. UF860.U55 2003 355.6'213'0973—dc21 2003012740 The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. Cover design by Barbara Angell Caslon © Copyright 2004 RAND Corporation All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND. Published 2004 by the RAND Corporation 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 201 North Craig Street, Suite 202, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-1516 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org/ To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] PREFACE This report documents the findings of a study that examined meth- ods for assessing the risks of unexploded ordnance (UXO) and muni- tions constituents on former military training land. -
The United Nations Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023
THE UNITED NATIONS MINE ACTION STRATEGY 2019-2023 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM IN MINE ACTION 2 VISION 3 MISSION STATEMENT 5 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 7 CHAPTER II: CONTEXT AND OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 9 CHAPTER III: STRATEGIC APPROACH 15 CHAPTER IV: STRATEGIC OUTCOMES 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 1: PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES FROM THE RISKS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE STRENGTHENED. 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 2: SURVIVORS, FAMILY MEMBERS AND COMMUNITIES AFFECTED BY EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE HAVE EQUAL ACCESS TO HEALTH AND EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATE FULLY IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE 15 STRATEGIC OUTCOME 3: NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EFFECTIVELY LEAD AND MANAGE MINE ACTION FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES 16 CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIC OUTCOME 1: MOMENTUM AND PROFILE OF MINE ACTION EFFORTS, INCLUDING THROUGH MAINSTREAMING IN HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE, HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACEBUILDING, STABILIZATION, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, MAINTAINED AND ENHANCED 16 CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIC OUTCOME 2: MINE ACTION PROGRAMMES ADDRESS THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF WOMEN, GIRLS, MEN AND BOYS FROM DIVERSE GROUPS, WHILE FACILITATING THEIR EMPOWERMENT AND INCLUSION 18 CHAPTER V: MONITORING AND EVALUATION 20 NOTE ON METHODOLOGY 22 ANNEXES 27 ACRONYMS THE UN SYSTEM IN MINE ACTION Cover photo caption: In Nepal, UNICEF provides risk education to local children in a school, near to where one child was killed and another injured when they tampered with an Improvised Explosive Device (IED). UNICEF/Laurenge — 31 — THE UNITED NATIONS IN MINE ACTION The United Nations Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023 is an accountability framework for the UN system. The Strategy reflects the collective engagement of the United Nations Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action (IACG-MA). -
Introduction and History of Mine Action Key Messages
Chapter 1 PART I – WHAT IS MINE ACTION? INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF MINE ACTION KEY MESSAGES • Anti-personnel landmines, cluster munitions and explosive remnants of war (ERW) are defined in international treaties and conventions. • Landmines and cluster munitions have been used extensively around the globe since World War II. • Quantifying the level of contamination and the number of mine victims around the world has been difficult, but is becoming better as a result of improved survey and reporting processes. • The Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC) and the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) have played a key role in the development of the sector. • National level mine action programmes have successfully evolved over the years and landmines/ERW are increasingly seen as a development issue. INTRODUCTION Mine action is the combination of activities designed to: • reduce real and perceived risks to affected populations of landmines, cluster munitions, ammunition stockpiles and ERW; • address consequences of accidents upon victims; • reduce economic, social and developmental consequences of contamination; and • advocate developing, adopting and complying with appropriate instruments of international humanitarian law (IHL). Each of these elements of mine action is addressed in this publication. It is, however, important to understand that mine action is most effective when all its different component activities take place together, in a coordinated and reinforcing programme. Doing so is difficult, requiring the combined attention and efforts of international and national government agencies, international institutions, militaries, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), commercial companies and representatives of women, girls, boys and men in affected populations. 14 | Chapter 1 Mine action is not a static process that has already been defined and perfected.