AMERICAN MUSEUM Nov itates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Nurtber 3118, 10 pp., 11 figures January 27, 1995

Additions to the Geometridae () of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, Including a New Species of Eupithecia

BERNARD LANDRY1 AND FREDERICK H. RINDGE2

ABSTRACT One species of Geometridae, Eupithecia gala- mentioned from the archipelago for the first time. pagosata, is described as new from the Galapagos Also, 20 new island records are given for species Islands. Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee) is already known from the archipelago. RESUMEN Se describen una especies nueva de Geometri- sentan 20 nuevos registros de distribucion dentro dae (Eupithecia galapagosata), para las islas Ga- del archipielago, por especies previamente men- lapagos. Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee) se cionadas. cita por primera vez para el archipielago. Se pre- INTRODUCTION Tle Geometridae ofthe Galapagos Islands from the Galapagos in the literature. Rindge were,revised by Rindge (1973). Thirteen spe- (1983) revised the New World genera of Na- cies and subspecies were then recognized to cophorini, a tribe that includes the genus occur on the archipelago. Thyrinteina, containing two Galapagos en- Subsequent to Rindge's (1973) revision, demics. Silberglied (1978) mentioned the oc- there has been little mention ofGeometridae currence of stellata (Guenee)

1 Curator of Pyralidae, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Reseach, Agriculture Canada, C. E. F., Neatby Bldg., Ottawa, Ontario KIA 0C6 Canada. 2 Curator Emeritus, Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History.

Copyright 33 American Museum of Natural History 1995 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $1.70 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3118 at lights of a tour boat, suggesting the trans- Cruiz, Santa Fe, Santiago and Seymour Norte port of this species and others among islands (see Landry and Gielis, 1992, and B. Landry, and from the continent to the archipelago. 1993, for further details). Brown et al. (1991) gave some insight into Smaller species of Geometridae were col- the phylogenetic relationships ofOxydia spe- lected in small vials and kept alive until the cies, including 0. lignata (Warren), endemic next day, when they were killed, pinned with to the Galapagos, and commented on the lack minutens, and properly mounted (J.-F. Lan- of relationships between the Galapagos and dry, 1991, and Landry and Landry, 1994). Cocos Island faunas ofGeometridae. Finally, Selected specimens of the larger species were McMullen (1993) summarized all known ob- killed with ammonia and pinned, usually the servations of flower-visiting in the next day. Galapagos, reporting D. stellata at flowers of The type of the new species described in Cordia leucophlyctis Hooker f (Boragina- the following pages is deposited in the Ca- ceae). nadian National Collection, Ottawa. Some of This paper reports new information on the the other specimens collected in 1989 and faunistics of Galapagos Geometridae. These 1992 are deposited in the following collec- new data were gathered by the first author tions: the first author's personal collection during two field trips to the archipelago in (BLC); the Canadian National Collection 1989 and 1992. With the description of one (CNC), Ottawa, the American Museum of new species and the newly reported occur- Natural History (AMNH), New York, the rence of Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Gue- Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS), nee) in the archipelago, the geometrid fauna Isla Santa Cr'uz, and the Museo Ecuatoriano now includes 15 species, 11 ofwhich are pre- de Ciencias Naturales (MECN), Quito, Ec- sumed to be endemic. In addition to these, uador. a photograph of a striking black-and-white Except for the new species of Eupithecia, on flowers of Conocarpus erecta L. for Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee), (Combretaceae) was sent to the first author mentioned here from the archipelago for the for examination by Conley K. McMullen of first time, and for Perizoma (?) perryi Rindge, West Liberty State College, West Virginia. not mentioned because it was not collected The photograph was taken on 17 June 1990 by the first author, we make additions to on Santa CrCuz Island, on the roadside be- Rindge (1973). We mention new island rec- tween the Charles Darwin Research Station ords and months of capture. No additional and Puerto Ayora. The species was identified information on the food plants and early as Thersana vidrierata Dognin (Geometri- stages is available. dae) by Douglas C. Ferguson, of the System- atic Entomology Laboratory of the U.S. De- partment ofAgriculture in Washington, D.C. It was not collected or seen in the archipelago impudens (Warren) by the first author in 1989 and 1992. The establishment in the Galapagos of this day- impudens Warren, 1904: 487. flying species, described from the Loja area, Cyclophora impudens: Rindge, 1973: 9, figs. 8, 24, Ecuador, will only be confirmed or refuted 39. when additional material is found. This endemic species is widespread in the Galapagos. It has previously been recorded from Espainola, Floreana, Gardner, Genove- MATERIAL AND METHODS sa, Isabela, Pinzon, San Cristobal, San Sal- In 1989, from January to March, and in vador, Santa Criuz, and Santa Fe. Additional 1992, from March to June, the first author islands now include the following: Baltra, collected specimens of Geometridae with a Pinta, Marchena, Rabida, and Seymour mercury-vapor lamp on the islands of Es- Norte. Adults have been captured in January, paniola, Floreana, Genovesa, Isabela, Mar- February, March, April, May, June, August, chena, Pinta, Rabida, San Cristobal, Santa September, and October. 1995 LANDRY AND RINDGE: GEOMETRIDAE OF THE GALAPAGOS 3

IlJ

1 2

Figs. 1, 2. Adults. 1. Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee), female, San Cristobal Island, base of Cerro Pelado, February 22, 1989 (B. Landry; CNC), wingspan = 16 mm. 2. Eupithecia galapagosata, new species, holotype, male, Isabela Island, Volcan Darwin, 630 m elev., May 16, 1992 (B. Landry; CNC), wingspan = 15 mm.

Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee) elongate, membranous corpus bursae, weakly Figures 1, 3, 4, 9 enlarged posteriorly; signum absent. In Rindge's (1973) keys, the adults run to This species was not included in Rindge couplet 2, the male genitalia to couplet 6, and (1973); a photograph of a male was not re- the female genitalia to couplet 10. The char- ceived until after that paper had gone to press. acters given above, especially the wing color That specimen, deposited in the California and maculation, will distinguish this species Academy of Sciences (CAS), San Francisco, from the others treated here. was found on Santa Cr'uz Island. In addition, months are as fol- the first author found it to occur rather com- Locations and collection monly on several islands (see below). lows: Genovesa, March; Isabela, March; The identity of this species will remain Marchena, March; San Cristobal, February; questionable until a revision ofthe Neotrop- Santa Crfuz, April (CAS); Santiago, April. ical members of this genus makes it more definite. In general facies these are cer- tainly similar to others ofthe widespread spe- LARENTIINAE cies insulsaria. (Guenee) ADULTS (fig. 1): Males have pectinate an- Scotosia stellata Guenee, 1857: 443. tennae; those offemales are simple. This small Disclisioprocta stellata: Rindge, 1973: 13, figs. 9, species has pointed forewings, 7.5-8.0 mm 25, 40. long. Upper surface ofall wings is a pale brown with a faint pinkish cast; maculation is faint, This widespread Neotropical species is a with veins of forewings having some darker conspicuous component of the moth fauna scaling, and with a row of small, black ven- of most, if not all, islands of the archipelago. ular dots in outer portion ofall wings. Under It is particularly abundant at lower eleva- surface is a unicolorous pinkish white, with tions. It has been reported before from Baltra, maculation of the upper surface faintly in- Espafiola, Fernandina, Floreana, Genovesa, dicated. Isabela, Pinta, Santa Cr'uz, Santa Fe, and San- MALE GENITALIA (figs. 3, 4): With elongate tiago. Additional island records are Mar- valves, and with a spine-tipped costal arm chena, San Cristobal (Puerto Baquerizo Mo- shorter than the valves. reno and pampa zone), and Seymour Norte. FEMALE GENITALIA (fig. 9): A short, broad Moths have been collected in all months of sterigma, a very short ductus bursae, and an the year except December. 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3118

Hydria affirmata (Guenee) This species has heretofore been known from the islands of Pinta, Rabida, Santiago, Scotosia affirmata Guenee, 1857: 447, pl. 9, fig. 2. Hydria affirmata: Rindge, 1973: 14, figs. 23, 26, and Santa Cr'uz. The following records are 41. new: Isabela, Marchena, San Cristobal, and Seymour Norte. The moths have been caught Hydria affirmata is similar in wing shape, in January-April, July, August, October, and color, and maculation to D. stellata but it is November. about twice the size of that species and its hindwing margin is more deeply scalloped. Eupithecia perryvriesi Herbulot Generally found at higher elevations in the Figure 10 Galapagos, this Neotropical species was re- ported before from only four females taken Eupithecia perryvriesi Herbulot, 1971: 13, figs. 1- on Isabela (April) and Santa Cr'uz (June and 3. Rindge, 1973: 16, figs. 3, 4, 29, 30. August). The following data are for an ad- This endemic species is larger and darker ditional 20 specimens collected by the first than E. leleupi. The length of the forewings author. Isabela: Sierra Negra (16, 1 sex un- is 6.0 mm in the males (n = 3), and in the determined [sent to CDRS in 1991]) March females it ranges from 6.0 to 9.0 mm (n = 12, 1989; e15 km N Puerto Villamil (18) 15). The palpi are shorter than in the pre- May 25, 1992. San Cristobal: 1 km S El Pro- ceding species, not extending beyond the eye greso (26) February 14, 1989. Santa Cr'uz: 4 by more than the diameter of the eye. The km N Puerto Ayora (1 sex undetermined [sent males have an elongate hair pencil near the to CDRS in 1991]) January 20, 1989; Media base of the underside of the forewing. The Luna, pampa zone, (18, 12) January 21, 1989. upper surface ofall wings is generally broadly Santiago: Bahia Espumilla (16) April 4, 1992; suffused with blackish brown, reddish brown, 200 m elev. (16) April 5, 1992; Aguacate, 520 grayish brown, or green scales, often suffusing m elev. (16) April 7, 1992 (32) April 12, 1992; the maculation. Jaboncillo, ~e850 m elev. (26, 19) April 8, Redescription of female genitalia (fig. 10): 1992; Central, 700 m elev. (16, 19) April 9, Ductus bursae short. Corpus bursae with pos- 1992 (19) April 10, 1992. terior half sclerotized, weakly curved, broad, Eupithecia leleupi Herbulot with a few longitudinal striations; right side enlarged, terminating in lightly sclerotized Eupithecia leleupi Herbulot, 1970: 19, fig. 3; 1971: appendix bursae, its curved end with ductus 12. Rindge, 1973: 15, figs. 1, 2, 27, 28, 42. seminalis; centrally with a curved row of sev- This endemic species is the smallest of the eral medium-sized-to-short, thick spines, and Gal'apagos Eupithecia, with the length of the usually with a short row of small spines on forewings ranging from 4.5 to 5.6 mm in the left side; anterior halfofcorpus bursae a large, males (n = 26), and from 5.0 to 6.9 mm in membranous, swollen, strongly stellate di- the females (n = 47). This species has very verticulum. long palpi in both sexes, extending beyond Because of the confusion of sexes of this the eye by more than the eye diameter. Wings species and the following one by earlier au- are paler on the upper surface than those of thors (see Note below), previous distribution other members of the genus in the islands, records based on females are dubious. Based and usually have distinct cross lines, a pale on males, the known distribution included median area, and a brownish suffusion in the the islands of Santa Cr'uz (the type locality), outer part of forewing upper surface. Isabela, and Pinta (Rindge, 1973). There are With more material now at hand, it ap- no new island records. The adults have been pears that the amount of variation in color collected in January, February, March, April, and maculation reported in Rindge (1973) May, and November. may reflect a fair amount ofindividual rather Note: We believe that the female described than geographic variation. As with many spe- as perryvriesi by Herbulot (1971) should not cies of Eupithecia, flown specimens tend to have been associated with the male holotype lose their scales rather easily, and so the mac- ofthat species, and that it belongs to the new ulation and color are reduced. species described below. We base this affir- 1995 LANDRY AND RINDGE: GEOMETRIDAE OF THE GALAPAGOS 5

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8 Figs. 3-8. Male genitalia. 3, 4. Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee), Genovesa Island, Bahia Dar- win, March 10, 1992 (B. Landry; CNC), slide BL 506. 3. Genitalia, with tegumen detached on left side. 4. Aedeagus with vesica mostly everted. 5-8. Eupithecia galapagosata, new species, holotype, Isabela Island, Volcan Darwin, 630 m elev., May 16, 1992 (B. Landry; CNC), slide BL 549. 5. Genitalia in ventral view without the aedeagus. 6. Same in side view. 7. Aedeagus in side view with vesica everted. 8. Ventral plate. Scale bar = 1 mm. 6 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3118

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9 11

Figs. 9-11. Female genitalia in ventral view. 9. Pleuroprucha sp., ?insulsaria (Guenee), Marchena Island, March 12, 1992 (B. Landry; CNC), slide BL 507. 10. Eupithecia perryvriesi Herbulot, Santa Cr'uz Island, Media Luna, January 21, 1989 (B. Landry; CNC), slide BL 550. 11. Eupithecia galapagosata, new species, paratype, San Cristobal Island, pampa zone, February 15, 1989 (B. Landry; CNC), slide BL 5 5 1. Scale bar = 1 mm. mation on two reasons: 1-The male geni- the sclerotized part of the corpus bursae on talia of perryvriesi were found to be smaller the left side posteriorly, beside the ductus than those of the new species, even though bursae, of the female described as perryvriesi the specimens were of the same size; there- by Herbulot (1971). fore, it would be logical to find smaller female genitalia in perryvriesi, but, rather, we were finding the opposite situation. 2-The median piece of the vesica of male perryvriesi was Eupithecia galapagosata, new species found to be consistently smaller (see diag- Figures 2, 5-8, 11 nosis ofgalapagosata, n. sp. below) than that of the new species. Using prepared genitalia Eupitheciaperryvriesi nec Herbulot (females only): of these two species, if one superimposes a Herbulot, 1971: 13, fig. 4. Rindge, 1973: 16, figs. male everted vesica over the bursa of a fe- 5-7, 43. male, the longer median piece of male gal- DiAGNosIs: This species can be recognized apagosata fits better with the enlargement of by its dark color and large size; in those two 1995 LANDRY AND RINDGE: GEOMETRIDAE OF THE GALAPAGOS 7 characters it differs markedly from E. leleupi, MALE GENITALIA (figs. 5-8): Uncus slender, but it is very similar to E. perryvriesi at first terminating in elongate point. Valves ex- glance. The males of E. perryvriesi are easily tending beyond uncus, swollen basally, ta- distinguished by their elongate hair pencil pered distally. Aedeagus broad; vesica with near the base ofthe underside ofthe forewing. thin, more or less L-shaped apical plate with The male genitalia are very similar in both one long spine dorsally and about five shorter species but the median piece on the vesica of spines ventrad to it; with dorsomedian crest E. perryvriesi is about halfas long as the dor- of about 20 medium-sized-to-short spines, sal crest of spines while it is longer than the and a rather thin, apically blunt piece in mid- crest of spines in E. galapagosata. The fe- dle longer than dorsomedian crest of spines. males ofthe two species can only be separated Ventral plate with two slender elongate rods, by their genitalic features. Those of E. gala- weakly connected basally, slightly bowed, and pagosata are characterized by an enlargement with apices curved ventromedially. of the sclerotized part of the corpus bursae FEMALE GENITALIA (fig. 11): Ductus bursae on the left side posteriorly, beside the ductus short. Corpus bursae with posterior half bursae, and by the smaller and much less sclerotized, weakly curved, broad, with a few strongly sclerotized spicules of the anterior longitudinal striations; right side enlarged, membranous part of the corpus bursae (see terminating in lightly sclerotized appendix figs. 10 and 11 for comparison). The shape bursae, its curved end with ductus seminalis; and location of the pair of pockets in the centrally with curved row ofseveral medium- intersegmental membrane between abdomi- sized-to-short, thick spines, and usually with nal sternites VI and VII are also different in short row of small spines on left side; pos- both species. Those ofE. perryvriesi are close teriorly enlarged beside ductus bursae on left to the sides ofthe abdomen and are not con- side; anterior half of corpus bursae a large, nected by sclerotization, whereas those ofE. membranous, swollen, poorly stellate diver- galapagosata are situated about halfway be- ticulum, which in some preparations appears tween the sides and the middle longitudinal unswollen (compare Herbulot, 1971, fig. 4, axis of the abdomen and are connected by a and Rindge, 1973, fig. 43). thin sclerotized band. TYPE SERIES: Holotype male, Galapagos Is- ADULTS (fig. 2): Wingspan of type series lands, Isabela:, V[olcan] Darwin, 630 m, May 13.5-16.0 mm (holotype 15 mm). Palpi por- 16, 1992 (B. Landry); the genitalia are rect, about as long as diameter of eye. An- mounted on slide BL 549. The holotype has tennae of males finely ciliated, with pair of been deposited in the CNC (type no. 21930). longer setae basally on each side starting from Six paratypes, all from the Galapagos Islands about 12th article; dorsally spotted with pale and collected by B. Landry with a mercury- olive green and dark brown scales on each vapor lamp (MVL): Isabela: 2 (genitalia on article from base until about 12th article. slide BL 572), V[olcan] Darwin, 630 m elev., Forewings appearing olive green and black: May 17, 1992; 9 (genitalia on slide FHR costa dark brown with paler spots; thin dark 20217), 3 km N S[an]to Tomas, Agric[ulture] brown basal line present; basal area mostly Zone, March 8, 1989; 6 (genitalia on slide olive green interspersed with dark brown MIC 2808), 8.5 km N P[uer]to Villamil, scales; antemedial area mostly white, inter- March 11, 1989. San Cristobal: 2 (genitalia spersed with dark brown and olive green on slide BL 551), pampa zone, February 15, scales; dark brown discal spot very small, fol- 1989. Santiago: 9, Bahia Espumilla, April 4, lowed with few white scales and large dark 1992; 2 (genitalia on slide FHR 21411), Cen- brown spot; postmedian area mostly olive tral, 700 m elev., April 9, 1992. green; postmedian line formed by discon- ETYMOLOGY: The Latin suffix-ata has been nected medium-sized dark brown spots fol- added to the name of the archipelago. lowed by few white scales; fringe spotted with REMARKS: There is some variation in color dark brown and pale olive green. Hindwing pattern when specimens are compared with mostly dark brown with rather well-defined the holotype. One specimen does not have pattern ofwhitish bands; also with olive green the olive green scales and a discal spot, while scales in postmedian area, in anal and cubital others have at least some green scales and a sectors. small but well-defined discal spot. Also vari- 8 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3118 able are the number and size of the spines in the outer margin of the forewings gently the sclerotized part ofthe female corpus bur- rounded, and with the hindwings weakly ex- sae. tended at vein M3; the upper surface is no- In the Rindge (1973) keys (see preceding ticeably darker than that of cruciata, being species), E. galapagosata comes out at cou- dark gray and gray. plet 4, E. leleupi, for the adults, at couplet 5, It has heretofore been known only from E. perryvriesi, for the male genitalia, and at Santa Cr(uz Island. Additional collection has couplet 2, E. perryvriesi, for the female gen- shown that it flies on San Cristobal as well; italia. See above Diagnosis to further separate the moths have been taken in January, Feb- this species. Six specimens, all ofwhich were ruary, March, May, and June. dissected, have been studied. Thyrinteina infans Herbulot ENNOMINAE Thyrinteina infans Herbulot, 1970: 24, fig. 2; 1971: Semiothisa cruciata cruciata Herbulot 14. Rindge, 1973: 26, figs. 15, 16, 35, 47. Semiothisa cruciata Herbulot, 1970: 21, figs. 4, 5; Two species of Thyrinteina occur in the 1971: 14. Galapagos Islands; both are endemic, and in Semiothisa cruciata cruciata: Rindge, 1973: 24, both the males are smaller than the females. figs. 11, 31, 32, 45. In the present species the color of the upper The endemic species S. cruciata can be rec- surface of the wings varies from pale gray or ognized by the shape and color of the wings, grayish white (females) to a more or less uni- as the forewings have the outer margin ex- colorous grayish white to having the median cised below the apex, and the hindwings are area of the forewings heavily suffused with angulate at vein M3; the upper surface of all black scaling (males). The latter sex is quite wings is brown and gray. variable in coloration, whereas the females The species occurs as two subspecies, each are much more uniform. The length of the on its own island. The nominate population forewings varies from 7.5 to 11.0 mm in the has the upper surface of the wings grayish to males (n = 15); in the females, from 10.8 to grayish brown, with the under surface having 16.0 mm (n = 20). a broad brown outer band on all wings. It This species has heretofore been recorded flies on Santa Cr'uz Island, in the months of from the islands ofFernandina, Floreana, Is- January, February, March, June, August, abela, Santiago, Santa Cr'uz, and Santa Fe; September, October, and November. additional collecting has added Marchena, Pinta, and San Cristobal to the list. Adults Semiothisa cruciata isabelae Rindge have been captured in January-July, Octo- Semiothisa cruciata isabelae Rindge, 1973: 24, fig. ber, and November. 12. Thyrinteina umbrosa Herbulot This population differs from the preceding Thyrinteina infans umbrosa Herbulot, 1971: 14. one by having the upper surface ofthe wings Thyrinteina umbrosa: Rindge, 1973: 27, figs. 17, grayish white (females) to pale ocher (males), 18, 36, 48. with the under surface not having the outer brown band. The moths have much browner wings than It is known only from Isabela Island, being are found in infans; the males are darker than captured in January and March. the females. The length ofthe forewings var- ies from 9.1 to 11.2 mm in the males (n = Semiothisa cerussata Herbulot 5); in the females, from 12.1 to 16.7 mm (n = 24). Semiothisa cerussata Herbulot, 1970: 23, fig. 1; from 1971: 14. Rindge, 1973: 25, figs. 13, 14, 33, 34, This moth has been known Fernan- 46. dina, Isabela, Santiago, and Santa Criuz Is- lands. The moths have been caught in Jan- This species is also an endemic, and may uary, February, March, April, May, and be separated from the preceding by having December. 1995 LANDRY AND RINDGE: GEOMETRIDAE OF THE GALAPAGOS 9

Sphacelodes vulneraria (Hiibner) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Brotis vulneraria Hiubner, [1819]-1823: 23. We wish to acknowledge the Ecuadorian Sphacelodes vulneraria: Rindge, 1973: 29, figs. 21, Ministry of Agriculture, the Galapagos Na- 22, 38, 50. tional Park authorities, and the authorities of This widespread Neotropical species was the Charles Darwin Research Station for al- known from the Galapagos from only two lowing fieldwork and providing logistical specimens taken in March and May on Santa support in 1989 and 1992. We thank Joyce Cr'uz. In 1989, five additional specimens were Cook, Moraima Inca, Ricardo Palma, Stew- collected on Santa Cruz by B. Landry: (16) art B. Peck, Bradley J. Sinclair, and Eduardo Media Luna, pampa zone, January 21; (26) Vilema for companionship and help in the Los Gemelos, January 31; (16, 1 ) Finca Steve field. Fieldwork was supported by an oper- Devine, March 17. ating grant to Prof. S. B. Peck, Carleton Uni- versity, Ottawa, from the Natural Sciences Oxydia lignata (Warren) and Engineering Research Council ofCanada for field research on evolution. Sericosema lignata Warren, 1905: 362. We would also like to thank B. Lukey and Oxydia lignata: Rindge, 1973: 30, figs. 19, 20, 37, the Biographics Unit ofthe Research Branch 49. Brown et al., 1991: 15. of Agriculture Canada for the photographs, A quite variable species in coloration and David Moorhouse for assembling the plates, maculation, Oxydia lignata is endemic to the and the Centre for Land and Biological Re- Galapagos Islands, and is often commonly sources Research ofAgriculture Canada, Ot- encountered at higher elevations in the rainy tawa, for lab space, equipment, and support. season. It has been reported before from the Douglas C. Ferguson, Systematic Ento- islands of Fernandina (February), Isabela mology Laboratory, United States Depart- (March), San Cristobal (April), Santa Cr'uz ment of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., (February-June), and Santiago (no date). In kindly identified one species on a photograph addition to this, the first author collected the taken by Dr. Conley K. McMullen, West Lib- species on Pinta (March), and in January on erty State College, West Virginia, whom we Santa Criuz. thank for allowing us to publish the data re- According to Brown et al. (199 1), this spe- garding the photograph. cies has phylogenetic similarities with 0. ho- Finally, we are indebted to Claude Her- guei Brown, Donahue, and Miller (1991), en- bulot and Scott E. Miller for reviewing the demic to Cocos Island, and 0. vesulia manuscript. (Cramer, 1779). The latter species, as now understood, extends from southern Florida and Texas to southern South America.

REFERENCES Brown, J. W., J. P. Donahue, and S. E. Miller 1971. Deuxieme note sur les Lepidopteres Ge- 1991. Two new species of Geometrid moths ometridae des Iles Gal'apagos. Ibid. 71: (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennomi- 11-15. nae) from Cocos Island, Costa Rica. Hiibner, J. Contrib. Sci. 423: 11-18. [1819]-1823. Zutrage zur Sammlung exotisch- Guenee, A. er Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Zwentes 1857. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Species Hundert, 32 + [8] pp. general des Lepidopteres, X. Uranides Landry, B. et Phalenites, II. Paris, 584 pp. 1993. Additions to the knowledge ofthe Pter- Herbulot, C. ophoridae (Lepidoptera) of the Gala- 1970. Lepidopteres Geometridae des Iles Ga- pagos archipelago, Ecuador, with de- lipagos recueillis par M. et Mme N. Le- scriptions of two new species. Zool. leup. Lambillionea 69: 17-25. Meded. 67:473-485. 10 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3118

Landry, B., and C. Gielis Galapagos Islands. Am. Mus. Novitates 1992. A synopsis of the Pterophoridae (Lep- 2510: 31 pp. idoptera) of the Galapagos Islands, Ec- 1983. A generic revision of the New World uador. Zool. Verh. 276: 1-42. Nacophorini (Lepidoptera, Geometri- Landry J.-F. dae). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 175: 1991. Recolte et preparation des Microlepi- 147-262. dopteres. Fabreries 16: 1-21. Silberglied, R. E. Landry, J.-F., and B. Landry 1978. Inter-island transport of insects aboard 1994. A technique for setting and mounting ships in the Galapagos Islands. Biol. Microlepidoptera. J. Lepid. Soc. 48:205- Conserv. 13: 273-278. 227. Warren, W. McMullen, C. K. 1904. New Thyrididae and Geometridae from 1993. Flower-visiting insects ofthe Galapagos the Oriental regions. Novitates Zool. 11: Islands. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 69: 95-106. 483-492. Rindge, F. H. 1905. New Thyrididae, Uraniidae and Geo- 1973. The Geometridae (Lepidoptera) of the metridae. Ibid. 12: 307-379.

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