THE NGAI TAHU MAGAZINE Makariri / Winter 1998
EDITOR Gabrielle Huria CONTRIBUTORS Adrienne Anderson Te Maire Tau editorial Charles Crofts amount and Claire Kaahu White GABRIELLE HURIA David O'Connell er own. Her humility Suzanne Ellison , her home was your home and Ripeka Paraone Tena koutou katoa. Ka nui taku mihi ki a koutou i tenei makariri. Kua ited. Trudie Allan Culture Council) Nigel Harris pahure atu te ra poto 0 te tau, a, ka tatari tatou ma te kana kia kai ai i nor the downpour of the James McAloon nga inaka! Engari, he wa pai tenei kia noho aii te taha 0 te ahi, panuitia Tahu Potiki passing, ~ tears and ai tenei pukapuka. Hana O'Regan a sign of the respect and love in Nicola Walsh which you weI' Leld. Your presence haS It's been over six months since the last issue of Te Karaka due to budget Rob lipa dignity to many competition and festival s Anna Papa cuts. However the time has been spent wisely and the editorial team througho t the country, your gracious s • Moana lipa has had the luxury of spending more time on this issue. Many thanks for owledgement of the many Moana Gemmell all your contributions. If your piece is not in this magazine, do not lose ents of your people. Maatakiwi Wakefield heart because it will be in future issues. Cultural Council) Matiu Payne Wayne Anderson d 1906 as Elizabeth Timua Tau, There are many talented Ngai Tahu involved in a wide range of activities, .onately known as Taua Flake or DESIGN Yellow Pencil from television and radio, like our cover girl Stacey Daniels, to cooking in Lizzie Turn au. Being Maori meant everything PRINTING Liaise On a first class restaurant like Jason Dell. I tried out Jason's muffins by the to Taua Flake - she worked for Maori in the PUBLISHER Ngai Tahu Publications Ltd way and they are a perfect accompaniment to a cup of tea and this prisons, took homeless Maori off the streets, fed PO Box 13 046 magazine on a cold winters day! them and gave them money. She fought for the Christchurch welfare of Maori and lived her principles of Phone 03-366 4344 The tribe has recently participated in the Select Committee hearings for whanaungatanga and manaakitanga. Fax 03-365 4424 the Bill to enact the Deed of Settlement. For those involved it has been Her family line was prestigious. Taua was the great Contributions and letters to the Editor should a fascinating and frustrating experience. For me, it has highlighted a granddaughter of Paora Tau from Rapaki, who be sent to: need for some explanation - about 'Waitaha' and the origins of Ngai was at the siege of Kaiapoi Pol in the I830s and TE KARAKA Tahu whanui. Many people seem confused and the media coverage great granddaughter of Rawiri Te Maire, the The Editor renowned Wesleyan Maori missioner of Ngai Tahu Group Management does not always have the depth to explain. Canterbury. PO Box 13046 Although it is well past Waitangi day, Maatakiwi Wakefield's piece on In 1926 Taua married Hapa Ngaio Crofts of CHRISTCHURCH women speaking on the marae is always relevant. The kawa needs to Tuahiwi, where she lived for the next 33 years raising h © 1995 The entire contents of Te Karslca are copyright and may not be reproduced in any form either in part y 0 ve children. Taua Flake was active amongst Maori cultural groups and she was a ~ be revisited. There cannot be one rule for Pakeha women and another or in whole without the written permission of the member of many Maori organisations including theWaitaha Cultural Council, Pounamu NgaiTahu andTe publisher. All letters addressed to Te Karaka will be for Maori women. Must we wait until we have a Maori woman Prime Kotahitanga Maori Club. assumed intended for publication unless clearly Minister before we can have a voice on Waitangi Day? For Ngai Tahu, marked "Not for Publication". In 1959 when Taua moved to Christchurch, her vol mcr_ed IfPd she was known in the community as a the kawa is laid down in the chant from Tuahuriri: Opinions expressed in Te Karaka are those of the friend to everyone no matter their social or ethnic writers and not necessarily endorsed by Te ROnanga 'Ko Hine Matiora e tD rnai ra i Turanga to ariki tapu i Ngai Tahu' Taua Flake was a founding member of Te Ran' • Cath urch, the Tuahiwi branch of the Maori Women's o Ngai Tahu. Welfare League and Nga Hau e Wha Mane. A lVorking wo her life, she was an employee of Lichfield Shirts Hine Matiora stands at Turanga as the supreme head of Ngai Tahu. for 25 years. In 1986 Taua Flake was ilwarded the QSM fur her services to the community. She was gifted with an Once again, everything comes back to whakapapa.• ability to weld unity and consensus fur the hetterment of all in determining the correct pathway furward. Taua is preceded by 206 children, grandchildren and great grandchildren. She will always be remembered as a loving taua who never stopped for herself and haS lett a cultural legacy that has become an important part of the fabric of Ngai Tahu in Te Waipounamu. Issue 8 published July 1998 Ka mate kainga tahi, ka ora kainga ma. Life from one generation does not end with it but passes on to the next. @ Ngai Tahu Publications Limited
ISSN No. 1173/6011 Makariri / Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 1 3 Miscellaneous Merenia Gray (Ngai Tahu, Rangitane) pictured below contents News and reviews from members of the Ngai Tahu Whiinui with Kristian Larsen, performing for the Wellington Fringe Festival in a recent production of 'Alchemy'. Over the 4 From the Kaiwhakahaere TE KARAKA - MakaririlWinter 1998 How the Ngai Tahu Claim was brought before the Waitangi Tribunal past seven years Merenia Gray has danced and choreographed her way to a world class reputation.• 5 Ngai Tahu Customary Fisheries Working towards the fulfillment ofthe South Island Customary Fishing Regulations 6 Eel Management· Is it slipping through our fingers? Due to our South Island eel population being rapidly depleted, Eel Management Alchemy Committees have been established to provide advice, local knowledge and management ideas 7 Maori Health Workers Giving advice to other team members on cultural issues 8 Na Wai Te Ki? Recognising and understanding the various forms of pepeha used at Maori gatherings and Marae rituals 10 Na Moana Wahaaruhe Jacobs Gemmell The history of Mangamaunu 11 Memorial to Pakinui and William Harpur As a result of the efforts of their great, great granddaughter, a memorial stone was erected in honour of this ancestral couple 12 Wayne's World The tragic story of Wayne Anderson screams out in the words ofhis poem, written in an attempt to reach out to young Maori entering the prison system 14 Ngai Tahu Rangitahi Awards Supported by Caltex, Te Karaka is seeking to award young Ngai Tahu achievers Tina Nixon, winner of the 1997 Te Ohu Kai Moana award for Maori journalism presented by Sir Tipene O'Regan. 16 Te Mahana Walsh This sprightly and articulate kaumatua tells us of her part in the Maori cultural Tina's prize was a trip for two to Hong Kong. Tina is revival over the years employed as a journalist for the Southland Times and at the time of print, has accepted the position of Press 19 Celebrating Gold Noelene and George Fife celebrate their 50th wedding anniversary Secretary to the Minister of Conservation, Dr Nick Smith.• 20 What's Cooking Chef Jason Dell whips up a fine fare in Blenheim Rick Austin 21 Stacey Daniels, Rangatahi Extraordinaire This exuberant young woman talks about her passions, her inspirations and her Fishing since he left school at 16, Rick Austin fulfilled a future dream last year when at the age of 31, he gained his deep sea skipper's ticket. Rick is currently employed 22 World Watch - The Subtle Art of Communication Rob Tipa recounts his humorous attempts at communicating with the locals as a skipper on one of the Sealord's trawlers.• 23 Taumutu Runanga How to become a valued member of this motivated, vibrant team 24 He Wanaka Mogi Celebrating live generations Reviving the ancient art of making mokihi Aunt Keita (Kate) Ruru is pictured here with her daughter 26 So What's Wrong with the Verandah? Maatakiwi Wakefield questions why non-Maori women are allowed to go where Lucy Whariu Burke, (nee Ruru) her grandaughter, Maori women have always been refused entry Miriama Whariu Burke, her great grand-daughter, Elana Marie Hart and she is nursing her great, great grandson 27 Noticeboard Mohiotanga Wiremu John Talusi Masters. Information on upcoming events, courses and research inquiries 28 Cockles Remain Tight Lipped Aunt Keita Ruru was born some 86 years ago in Onuku, Closure of the Port Levy cockle beds for a further three years a daughter of Nohomoki Hokianga and George Aaron 28 Ngai Tahu Website -A Must See! Bunker. She married Wiremu Kerei Ruru from Koukourarata. 28 New Zealand Photographic Competition Dust off those cameras - entries are open to anyone interested She is a grandchild of Hamiria Puhirere of the Kaika, 29 Crossword Onuku, Akaroa Harbour who in turn was the grandchild 30 Ngai Tahu Development Corporation of Puhirere and Tapuraki, and Puai Tuhaewa and Reka ROnanga news and reviews, including an update on our scholarship recipients (Ngati Irakehu of Ngai Tahu). 41 The Origins of Waitaha Her grandfather was Peni Hokianga who was the son of A brief study of the evolvement of Ngai Tahu Whiinui Ohi and Kehoma Hokianga, originally from near Mohaka 46 Nga Reta - Letters to the Editor (Ngati Pahauwera of Ngati Kahungunu). She is the last 48 The Story of Aoraki/Mt Cook surviving member of her generation of the Ruru Bunker, Cover photo courtesy of Publicity TVNZ: Stacey Daniels Puhirere and Hokianga families.• Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 3 2 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 The historians scoured the archives. c=Q From the Shortly before the opening of the hearings, Harry Evison located the Smith-Nairn papers in National Fisheries I Kaiwhakahaere: Archives. These papers, containing With the Ngai Tahu Claims the transcripts of the evidence of all The Customary Fisheries mru Settlement Bill now before the kaumatua (and of some high Management team has been Parliament, it is appropriate to recall government officials) who appeared working towards fulfilling their before the Smith-Nairn Royal ~ the way in which the claim was mission statement. Extensive Commission in 1879-81, were a brought before the Waitangi negotiations with the Ministry of priceless reinforcement of the case. c=Q Tribunal. Over a decade has passed Fisheries have led to the Fisheries The Ngai Tahu research office, since August 1987 when the Tribunal (South Island Customary Fishing) 6 organised by Trevor Howse and opened its hearings into the Ngai Regulations 1998. These regulations mru Aroha Poharama, expanded were launched at Nga Hau e Wha Tahu claim at Tuahiwi. Many of the considerably. By the time Ngai Tahu kaumatua who had nurtured Ngai Marae on 2nd and 3rd of May 1998, c=Q finished their case, in June 1988, with over 300 people from all sectors Tahu to that stage - Wharetutu the Tribunal had sat at Kaik6ura, ~ Stirling, Bob Whaitiri, Henare of the fishing industry attending. The Tuahiwi, Arowhenua, Otakou, Hui was seen as the first step in the c=::=J Robinson, Rima Bell, and others Hokitika and Bluff. successful implementation of the §J have left us. Sir Monita Delamere The tribe's case was followed by the Regulations, which are a major and Sir Desmond Sullivan, two of the Crown. The Crown had four achievement for Ngai Tahu and other cs Tribunal members, have likewise historians, as well as a considerable South Island iwi. ~ passed away. Paul Temm and David number of other experts in fields Palmer, both untiring in their roles A video and information booklet were ~ from fisheries management, to as legal counsel to Ngai Tahu, are launched at this Hui also. Copies of p anthropology, to education. While also gone. both are still available - the the Crown admitted some parts of information booklet is free but the The Ngai Tahu claim was the first of the claim, they were issues which video is at a cost of $15.00. the major historical cases heard by no one could have sensibly denied. the Tribunal. It was only in 1985 that Thus, the Crown admitted that The team is responsible for two contracts of service with the Ministry the Labour government gave the reserves in most of the purchase of Fisheries in addition to fulfilling the Tribunal jurisdiction to hear claims blocks were inadequate, but often core mission statement. To help with extending back to 1840. Orakei, (Bastion Point), had implied that Ngai Tahu had lacked foresight in what they the increased workload of these gone before Ngai Tahu but the scale of that case selected. On some issues, such as the West Coast contracts, two new positions have important though it was - was much less than that of perpetual leases, the Crown argued strenuously against been created - a Policy Support Ngai Tahu. No one expected the Ngai Tahu hearings to Ngai Tahu. Particular attention was paid to the claims that the interior of Kemp's Block (the 'hole in the middle') Officer and a Customary Fisheries last as long as they did (two years in the Tribunal) or to and Fiordland had not been intentionally sold. With more Administrator have joined the generate as much evidence as they did (some eight time and perhaps greater resources, the Crown Customary Fisheries Team. The metres of shelf space) or to raise the profile of Ngai Tahu witnesses produced material of which the Ngai Tahu team now consists of the 18-member as much as it was raised (no one says there are no team were unaware, which added to everyone's Mahinga Kai Tikanga 0 Ngai Tahu Maori 'issues' in the South Island now). Everyone knowledge. Crown witnesses were in turn rigorously advisory komiti, 5 Kai Arahi, a Policy involved was aware that the hearings were making questioned by Tribunal members and Ngai Tahu lawyers; Support Officer, an Administrator, a history. That imposed a serious burden on all Crown and Ngai Tahu researchers also exchanged many Kaitohutohu and a Customary participants: it was vitally important for Ngai Tahu, for long written criticisms of each other's arguments. Fisheries Manager. the Tribunal's credibility and for future claims, that the Key projects for the 1998/99 year process be fair and impartial. The Tribunal had commissioned Professor Alan Ward, include the effective operations of an eminent New Zealand-born historian (whose book A As claimants, Ngai Tahu presented their case first. Each the Fisheries (South Island ShowofJustice, on government Maori policy last century week of hearing opened with kaumatua and others from Customary Fishing) Regulations is a standard work) to assess the evidence from both the relevant area presenting traditional and local 1998 and the training of the tangata sides. He and his assistants produced their own report, evidence. This was followed by the historians' expert tiaki that are gazetted through this which, in turn, was commented on at length by Ngai evidence: Harry Evison on Kemp's Purchase, the Banks process, the implementation of a Tahu and Crown lawyers and researchers. Following Peninsula purchases, North Canterbury and Kaik6ura; GIS based data management that, the Ngai Tahu and Crown counsel made their final Ann Parsonson on Otakou; and Jim McAloon on Arahura system and the building of Ngai speeches, summing up the case. That was in September and Murihiku. Others, in particular Atholl Anderson on Tahu's capacity in fisheries research. and October 1989; the Tribunal reported on the land mahinga kai, also presented expert evidence. The The Customary Fisheries Team are claim in February 1991. mahinga kai hearings were particularly notable for the also busy in negotiations with the way in which extensive local and traditional evidence It is often said, by those either ignorant or careless of Department of Conservation for the promulgation of Customary Fresh was brought by the people of the various papatipu the truth, that the Tribunal did not cross-examine continued on page 47 water Fisheries Regulations.• marae. Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 5 4 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Maori Health Workers Janet Rueben (left) and Kim Manahi-Masterson (right)
Janet Rueben, Kim Manahi-Masterson and Wendi Crofts graduated last year with a certificate in Community Psychiatric Care from the Christchurch School of Medicine. All three are Maori Health Workers for Healthlink South.
Maori Health Workers are one of the 16 people who make up a mental health team. Their role is mainly to give advice to the other team workers on cultural issues that are sensitive to Maori. Between the three they cover the greater Canterbury region; Janet works in the rural sector which goes from Rakaia to Banks Peninsula and north to Kaik6ura.- Kim is responsible for the west and south sectors and Wendi covers the east and north sectors. MAORI HEALTH WORKERS Giving advice to the other team workers on cultural issues that are sensitive to Maori
Drawing on their vast experience and networks in the Maori community they were able to develop their own structures and clinical skills. Completing the course and gaining the certificate has given them the accreditation in an area where there are many Maori clients and few Maori practitioners.
"We all had families and full time jobs so finding the time to study was not easy," said Kim.
For Janet, turning fifty and passing the course were two highlights of the past year. However as a mature student her advice for others is "go for it when you're young."
The team pay tribute to Dr Erihana Ryan who was part of the drive to establish the Maori Health Workers. In many ways the three have been pioneers in their work and plan to continue to raise Maori awareness in the area of mental health,
"Its not something to be shunned, it can be cured, just like the flu, " says Kim.•
Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 7 "Karia ka puna. Ahua ka puke. which had begun at Kaik6ura. This This pepeha is one version of the Kia raraka Tatare a Tanemoehau"4 battle is memorable firstly for the statement made by TOrakautahi and death of Te Matauira, the son of Te his mokai as he laid claim to " Dig the wells and raise the hills. Ruahikihiki, secondly for a Kuratawhiti, a mountain peak in the Burst forth the Sharks of disagreement over resource Torlesse Range. The exclamation Tanemoehau" distribution on the journey down and came as result of TOrakautahi and Tanemoehau was the matriachal thirdly for the actions of Parakiore. other chiefs of the time competing ancestor of Kati KurT. Rakaitauheke It was said that Parakiore was a very to seize the neighbouring mountain attempted to inspire his relations by fast runner and that there was no peak of Whata-a-rama, reknowned describing the gathering of chiefs as other quicker than he. The for the prized kakap6 feathers the sharks or dogfish of their great northeners were losing the battle required to create chiefly regalia for grandmother. There are a number of because the Taumutu contingent their daughters. variations of this pepeha although had stood back and refused to fight. Aware that he was losing the they all retain the common 'shark' competition to claim Whata-a-rama, theme. As the enemy approached Parakiore he responded with the above TOrakautahi sent his slave to the tree This is a good example of a 'boast'. statement. He then promptly lifted tops to sight Kuratawhiti and he Using this pepeha in a modern his wife onto his back and piggy subsequently uttered the above context could have many backed her down the beach, so words asserting his mana over the 6 applications. The speaker could be quickly that he still outran his peak and its resources. identifying himself as a descendant pursuers. TOrakautahi's action is a variation of ···the pepeha (can be considered to be) equivalent to aboast, particularly atribal boast... and alludes to the deeds of our NA Wai Te Ki? ancestors, tribal migrations, warfare and whakapapa...
of Tanemoehau and therefore as (Ka Pepeha 0 Ka Tipuna) By Tahu POtiki The pepeha is Parakiore's boast the custom known as taunaha. This one of her 'sharks'. He could be about his own speed. The first half is when a chief of considerable mana using the pepeha to relate a set of of the pepeha is well known outside is able to claim an area or a similar circumstances and of Kai Tahu. The torea works quickly geographical location by naming it This is a form of pepeha which is colloquial expressions. Despite this, During their migrations south, Kati subsequently as a way to inspire and and takes its opportunities as they after themselves and effectively utilised by many Kai Tahu as a way the distinction is important. 'The KurT had arrived just north of present encourage. It could also be used to arise. When the water recedes the claiming it as their own. of identifying themselves to others. essential difference between a day Kaik6ura. There were tensions make the point that there is a time torea collects the shellfish. The It is appropriate for those who trace Upon hearing this declaration of pepeha and a whakataukf is that a between the new arrivals and the for humility and a time to boast. This second half is Parakiore's personal descent from Turakautahi and who identity, others are immediately pepeha is a tribal saying (that is a Kati Mamoe and further conflict was was a time for Kati KurT to boast and interpretation, " I am as quick as the associate strongly with the Kaiapoi informed as to which iwi and rohe saying about a tribe) and a imminent. Word had reached the it paid off as Kati Mamoe were flames travelling along the flax dried district to recite this pepeha as a way the speaker comes from. It is a form whakataukT is a proverb or a pithy Kati KurT that the enemy had beaten in the subsequent battle. by mother, Hine-Kakai." of identifying themselves. of pepeha common to many hapO saying.'2 tetewhai, a special and dangerous and iwi and they are recited in part weapon, in their possession and Another form the pepeha takes is The Williams Dictionary considers "Kia whati te tai, kia pao te torea, and in entirety at Maori gatherings morale was low. The people had lost one which refers directly to an "Ko Kuratawhiti te mauka kakapo. that the pepeha is equivalent to a kia ina te harakeke a Hine-Kakai"5 and during marae ritual throughout faith in P6hatu, their tohuka and a ancient tupuna and specific features Ko TCirakautahi te takata". boast, particularly a tribal boast. 3 the country. hui was called of the fighting chiefs. "When the tide recedes the torea of the land. It is generally used by The above example would tend to Those present included Maru, (oyster-catcher) strikes. The flax of the speaker to indicate his or her This is an example of a pepeha A pepeha is often likened to a support the Williams' definition but Rakaitauheke, Te Kaue, TO Te Hine-Kakai burns. " own personal connections to the which is similar in form to the more proverb or whakataukf although not all pepeha are as explicit as the Urutira, Te Rakiwhakaputa, Te said land or tupuna and in the past modern mountain/river/ancestor many would consider this Aoraki pepeha. Most are extracted Rakitaurewa, Manawa and others. The above pepeha was recited by may have been used to lay claim or style of identification but which has comparison far too restrictive. Hirini from tribal history and allude to the Parakiore, the son of TOrakautahi establish rights to collect resources its origins in the historical Mead says that" the term embraces deeds of our ancestors, tribal Rakaitauheke stood to encourage and Hinekakai, on the beach at from the area mentioned. r collections of our iwi. • also charms, witticisms, figures of migrations, warfare and whakapapa. the chiefs to speak of their past Katiki, just south of Moeraki. speech, boasts and other sayings." 1 They endure the ages through victories and bravery. But when no "Ko Kuratawhiti te mauka kakapo. Pepeha can be seen to fit into the continued retelling and ongoing response was forthcoming he A war party had travelled from Ko au te takata." same broad category as whakataukT, application to contemporary events decided to lead and inspire the Kaiapoi and Taumutu to do battle "Kuratawhiti is the mountain home whakatauakT, kTwaha, waiata, of significance. Following, are some people himself. He leapt to his feet with some of their southern relations of the kakapo. I am the man who m6teatea and other creative and examples of other Kai Tahu pepeha. and cried: as the culmination of a series of insults lays claim to it."
, Mead & Grove, Nga Pepeha 0 Nga Tupuna (Wellington: Department of Maori Studies, Victoria University, 1991), v • Hoani Maaka MS unpaginated; Carrington MS The History of Ngai Tahu, 65
, Karetu,1. Language and Protocol of the Marae, in Te Ao Hurihuri, (Auckland: Reed, 1992), 33 5 Beattie, J.H., JPS Traditions & Legends, Series XIII, 193; Hoani Maaka MS unpaginated; Carrington MS The History ofNgai Tahu, 131
3 Williams, H.W., A Dictionary of the Maori Language (Wellington: Gov!. Printer, 1971),274 , Canon Stack, South Island Maoris (Christchurch: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1898), 73; Rawiri Te Maire Tau, personal communication
8 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 9 na Moana Wahaaruhe Jacobs Gemmell Ko Tapuae 0 Uenuku te maunga ko Ngati Hine Ie Wai Ie Hapii Ko Waiautoa te awa Ko Mangamaunu raua ko te Haumi te Whenua cattle farming and kai ngahere were European language by the Maori Ko Hohepa te Wharenui common. missioner and appropriate hymns Ko te Pohatunui 0 te Umu Wheke te were sung. Mass was celebrated. Urupa In the 1940s, road and rail Memorial to Pakinui (Mere) and William Harpur Ko Ngai Tahu Whanui te iwi construction took place and the Fifty pounds was collected towards By Anna Papa the occasion and thanks extended Tena Koutou Katoa population soared. The native to the people for raising funds for the school built in 1877 was relocated On Sunday, April 12th, exactly 126 Pakinui share the same burial plot. descendants of the ancestral couple at Mangamaunu where several church improvement. Eighty people years since Pakinui's death, more were invited to come forward and History: For many attending, it was the first generations of Whanau were were entertained in the Wharenui. than 250 descendants of her and place their hand upon the memorial time they had been welcomed on to The Mangamaunu Pa, built in the educated. The school had a very husband William Harpur converged stone. Everyone then returned to the the marae at Waimate. After the 1890s, is situated on the terrace Present Day: on the cemetery at Waimate in South marae for kai and to compare high level of sporting successes and unveiling the extended Harpur above State Highway 1 as it meets Canterbury, for the unveiling of a whakapapa. the trend was for the females to go In 1985 restoration and repiling of whanau were welcomed onto the the Coast and Te P6hatunui 0 Te memorial stone to the ancestral on to Hato H6hepa Maori Girl's the Wharenui commenced and total marae of their tipuna by local Speaking on behalf of the Harpur Umu Wheke Urupa, north of couple. College at Greenmeadows, Napier. support was given. Kaumatua, Kelly Davis, who spoke whanau was August Harding. He Kaik6ura. It lies on a traditional Erecting a memorial at the cemetery of the 1868 eviction from the expressed the universal feeling of native land reserve called Te Haumi. Roman Catholic History: In 1990 a dawn service was held and was the idea of direct descendant ancestral pa site. Later in the those gathered for the day as he In the early years it was surrounded carvings were blessed by Father Fiona Doolan from Auckland. After afternoon he showed many of those spoke of his ambition to travel to In the mid 1980s, descendants of by many Pa and was the centre of Cahill before being placed on the travelling down to Waimate to visit gathered, the site of the original pa Waimate to acknowledge where his Mangamaunu formed a building Maori occupation in the Kaik6ura Wharenui. In 1992 the opening of the grave of her great, great and spoke of his hope that one day ancestors once walked. committee to restore the Wharenui grandfather William Harpur, Fiona soon that land would be returned to District. There is evidence today of Takahanga Marae was held and It was a very special and moving 'H6hepa' and the Whare Karakia was dismayed to find no markings the tribe. the old battlements. 2000 visitors attended. The Tainui occasion for all that attended. It was at his burial site. While researching 'Hato Francis'. The latter was and Ngati Kahungunu tribes were The blessing of the memorial stone a day concerned with rekindling the Maori have dwelt in the the subject, she was surprised to consecrated on 18th May 1890 by represented. Te Haumi Pa at at the Waimate cemetery was whanaungatangata and keeping discover that the unmarked site at Mangamaunu district for many the most Rev. Redwood, Archbishop performed by Kelly Davis and the hold of the ancestral ties. Mangamaunu welcomed many Waimate was probably the resting hundreds of years. of Wellington - the Rev. Father Melu Canon Reverend Richard Wallace, R6pO, as did the Whanau of Maraea site of her great, great grandmother, Special thanks must be extended to a direct descendant of Pakinui and SM assisting. In December 1937 it Waruhe Poharama Jacobs. Pakinui, as well. William died seven Fiona Doolan and her cousin John Activities: William Harpur, who travelled from was reopened by Rev. Father years after Pakinui and as the Mcintosh - their enthusiasm and his home in Nelson for the occasion. These included the Waitaha, Ngati Venning, Maori Missioner and Ko matou te ;w; e noho ana cemetery map shows that his plot is dedication made this memorable Mamoe and Ngai Tahu tribes. He assisted by Rev. Father Devlin. A ; raro ; te par;rau 0 to matou wider than normal for a single burial, At the end of the ceremony and after event possible.• ika, manu, bush clearing, sheep and welcome was given in the native and Maungatapu, ko Tapuae-o-Uenuku. it seems likely that William and the lifting of the tapu, all the
10 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 11
This year, Te Karaka will be awarding $1000 to 3 young Ngai Tahu achievers. The aim of LORIIVES· the Rangatahi Awards is to find young Ngai Tahu role models doing well in their chosen Basketballer field, whether it be in sport, music, kapa haka, farming, whatever, as long as they are Ngati Rakiamoa giving it their best and doing well. Lori Ives is 21 years old and just over six foot tall. She is currently on a If you know of a young Ngai Tahu aged between 5 and 25 who is achieving in their three year basketball scholarship in the States, at Butler, Indiana - ''the chosen field, write in and tell us about them and their success in no more than 500 home of basketball." words. The scholarship involves playing competitive basketball as well as In this issue we profile two young Rangatahi Award recipients. performing academically. This year Lori made an all American team, v which is the pick of the best teams in the States and is also studying to become a qualified primary teacher Ngai Tahu Rangatahi Awards with a Masters in Education. I Lori comes from an athletic family who have all been keen basketball (9 Suppopted by and netball players including her (jjj) mother, Mary Jane Moody, who CL\LTEX plays and coaches. "Lori grew up in an atmosphere at Tuahiwi school where the kids are encouraged to keep trying at the AROHA llMOTI . Ice Skater things they are good at; with this sort of positive reinforcement they develop a sense of achievement at Kai Tuahuriri an early age," says Mary Jane. Kati Irakehu Kati Wairaki Lori first played in the under-13 team Kati Mamoe for Canterbury and went on to play Aroha Timoti is a 9 year old who's moving and for the New Zealand under-20 A shaking on the ice. In 1997 she became the team. She also represented National Juvenile Ladies Figure Skating Canterbury in netball for the under champion when she won her grade at the .~ . 16 team and the NZ Maori under-16 National Championships held in Christchurch. .' team. Aroha has been skating for five years. Totally Lori has been living in the States dedicated, Aroha trains at the Alpine Ice Sports since she was 18 when she won her Centre in Christchurch for 44 weeks of the year first scholarship to Casper, and is a member of the Centaurus Club. Wyoming. On her trips back to New Zealand she coaches local clubs and Aroha attends the bilingual unit at St Albans visits schools to talk to students Primary School and this year will be sitting about basketball. She also has school certificate Maori. access to the key coaches in the Ambitious would be one way of describing this States who are always on the look young woman. In 1999 she hopes to compete out for talented young players. at the Australian Nationals, in 2001 she hopes A strong focus and hard work have to compete at the Junior Worlds and in 2002 paid off for Lori. Her aim is to play the Winter Olympics. for New Zealand at the Olympics in Her mother Hine says that ''the whanau are the year 2000 and to teach primary totally committed to helping Aroha achieve her school when she returns to New goals".• Zealand. So what is the secret to her success - "follow your bliss". The reason we are profiling two recipients in this issue is that there will only be two issues "Whatever you are good at, keep on of Te Karaka this year - Ed. doing it," says Mary Jane.• Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 15 14 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS, 74 Maori Council and the Maori Maori culture party, which performed year old kaumatua Te Mahana Women's Welfare League. throughout the district at fund-raising Walsh, of Kati Huirapa rOnanga ki events for schools and churches and "Our strongest bonds as a tribe were Puketeraki, has witnessed a for the war effort. formed during the Waitangi Tribunal remarkable cultural revival. More hearings," she said. Te Mahana recalls her wonderful than that, she played a big part in it. In between all that, this sprightly, training in food preparation and the Like many Maori people of her articulate great-grandmother has hospitality industry at the classy generation, she grew away from her Savoy Restaurant in Dunedin. She raised two families - her own four culture for 15 years after she married married a Pakeha New Zealander of children and another seven she and left her spiritual home of Scottish descent, Percy Smith and fostered when their own mother Puketeraki for the Waitaki Valley. moved to the Waitaki Valley in 1956, died. She is a Justice of the Peace where she easily stepped in to a job Her culture was always with her, but and is actively involved in the as a working mother, running the Te Mahana recalls: "I always came running of her family's business dining room for 100 boys and 50 staff back to the marae at Puketeraki to interests. at the Campbell Park special school recharge the batteries". When her "I'll be 75 this year and I want a big at Otekaike. father died in 1974 and her mother celebration," says Te Mahana. "It's in 1978, "they took a lot of their "It was good training for me," she time for me to let go and for others knowledge with them, which I deeply recalls as she found herself working to take it up. regretted." in a totally European environment. Te Mahana Te Tau was born at She also managed the sewing room In the mid 1970s she revived her Arowhenua and was brought up in a and laundry, instructing young interest in her culture and realised strong Maori community at people in work skills. she knew a lot more than she Puketeraki on the South Island east thought. She helped set up a branch During that time her family were coast in the 1920s. Maori and of the New Zealand Women's Pakeha families had intermarried in growing up and her eldest son, Welfare League in Oamaru and Tama, was sent to Waitaki Boys High the district for generations and were became closely involved in the well integrated. There were few School and her three daughters to Te Waipounamu College in revival of the language and the arts. racial differences or stigma, Mrs Christchurch. Since then she has taught herself to Walsh recalls. speak Te Reo Maori, learnt ancient She loved her school at Karitane, In 1970 her first husband died. Her waiata and karanga, taught weaving which was evenly split between children were grown up, but Te and is comfortable performing a mihi Maori and Pakeha pupils. The Mahana was very lonely without him or poroporaki on marae. Huirapa Hall was the focal point for and her family. Later she attended a tangi for a Ngai Tahu woman who Hungry to learn more about her the whole community. had died leaving a young family of culture, she took every opportunity The men were hard workers. They seven children behind, including two to attend hui all around Te were ex-whalers, great seamen and set of twins - the eldest was 12 and Waipounamu - "hui hopping" as Te fishermen and gun shearers, some the youngest 18 months. Mahana calls it. had dairy farms and milked cows. Te Mahana realised the family was "We spent a lot of years doing that, They bred cattle, rode horses and likely to be split up, so she offered partly for our own information, partly raised poultry and geese. to foster them and reached an for our spiritual needs and partly for There was always fish on the table, agreement with the Anglican Social the fun of it." she said. The seafood diet was Services. She gave up her job and A decade later, she borrowed money varied and plentiful- paua, crayfish, stayed home to look after her second for the chance to travel to San flounders, greenbone, blue cod and family. Francisco to visit the Te Maori eels as well as pipis and cockles. "It was lovely having young children exhibition as a supporter of the Ngai But the Great Depression of the early around me again," she says. "It kept Tahu contingent - the experience of 1930s changed everything. Some me young too." a lifetime for Te Mahana - from continued fishing, but times were which she learnt a great deal about harder and the men were forced into Eventually she married the father of herself, her tTpuna and gained an other work, perhaps because of the her young family, Bernie Walsh. international perspective of her lack of land. Te Mahana's father and They had a lot in common. The culture. uncles worked for the Railways. children's natural mother was Ngai Tahu, so Bernie took an interest in With growing confidence in her She was almost 16 when the war the culture and supported many of knowledge, she attended all the broke out. Maori and Pakeha the things Te Mahana was doing. hearings of the Waitangi Tribunal, soldiers left together and she which built on the very strong remembers the long years waiting "He travelled to hui with me and networks established through for them to come home. As a became quite a strength to me and involvement with the New Zealand teenager, she joined the Puketeraki the rOnanga," she said.
Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 17 16 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 After becoming a stepmother, she and fisheries for us and our children "I think we have many problems to became more involved in Taha Maori after us. We all want the same solve. The compensation we talk c:J and the "hui hopping" became more things." about will never become personal. I 25 intense once the Ngai Tahu claim to hope it never comes to that. We There were strong lobbies against mru the Waitangi Tribunal got under way. don't want Ngai Tahu to become Ngai Tahu gaining any interest in the another handout group." "I thought it was a wonderful exercise Greenstone Valley and Elfin Bay and F really," she said. "It gave our people there is still a strong feeling of "We need funding to develop our c:::::::::::J every chance to express their hostility over mahinga kai rights and own things in our own way. That kind CUi] feelings. Ngai Tahu made some fisheries which have yet to be of thing delights me. I think our wonderful friends during that time." resolved. people will become good business mru people." A lot of people desperately defended "Land is one thing - mahinga kai and ~ the Crown, but the evidence against fisheries is another," says Te Recently she joined four of her great ~ some of its officials was damning, Te Mahana. "The early settlers had a grandsons and her rOnanga on the Mahana says. great run. They got away to a head Greenstone trail, the first of 14 ~ start. They left behind (in Great events organised by her rOnanga "I wish a lot more of the public had Britain) a lot of restrictions that they with funding given by the Ngai Tahu experienced those hearings. The didn't have to deal with here. In doing Development Corporation. Other c:J whole of New Zealand missed a c:::::::::::J so, our rights as indigenous people events planned include workshops great opportunity of learning. It would were usually disregarded." on whakapapa, fishing, weaving, ~ have been a good way of educating carving, historical tours and hui for the public." "We know we could have been better mru educated, better men, women and children. @V housed and fed, Te Mahana has witnessed the whole I suppose. of the Maori culture in the south, but We could have she says it could not have happened @ become good without the Waitangi Tribunal. She CUi] farmers - our o says her spiritual renaissance has o people loved the probably made her more assertive. o outdoors." Her daughter recently told her: Today's gene "We're all strong mum because rations of Ngai you're strong." Ngai Tahu's Southern-most Taua and Poua celebrated their 50th Golden wedding Anniversary in Tahu have a "I can now move more easily in and challenge ahead out of Te Ao Maori, but perhaps not April of this year. Noelene and George Fife are the oldest married couple on Rakiura. in combining old with the ease of my parents and values with new elders," Te Mahana says. George was born on the Bluff but his handsome guy he was," she said. ground, they heard a chopping values. father came from Stewart Island. sound through the bush. There was "I am now comfortable with my world Things were different on Stewart When he left school at fourteen, his no wind and it seemed close by. "We have some and I'm comfortable that my family Island in those days. The roads family moved to Stewart Island and Preparing to do battle with someone distance to go to can go out into the world, earn their weren't sealed, there were very few fishing became George's life. poaching off the Fife's ground, "However, public perceptions are be as strong as it was when I was living, stand on their own two feet, cars and a lot more native birds. George's father asked, "Who the hell changing, particularly as young young. Maybe we tend to do Maori enjoy what the world has and still Noelene first went to the island on a There was no electricity or even is that?". Next thing they heard a tree children are learning the Maori things in a Pakeha way. value the things that I have given working holiday in 1948. She fell in diesel power. The lights were run off fall. Bursting through the bush to language and values and they have them." love with the place and still a Briggs & Stratton Iron Horse. "There are heaps of things we have where the noise was, they found, to no hang-ups about it." remembers when she first arrived to catch up on, because they have "I feel my life has been greatly Sometimes George would be at sea their dismay, there was nothing it was January and the smell of the "Parents once objected to their been let go of a lot of my lifetime and enriched by these challenges and for two weeks at a time, out of there, no chips, no fallen trees, only native flowers was overwhelming. children learning Maori, but they they've only come back slowly. We my experiences. This world has contact with no radio. Noelene bush. Noelene grew up on the flat farm don't object now," says Te Mahana. need more visual things and to adapt much to offer and be enjoyed. At passed the time knitting, house land of North Canterbury, so the Fishing in the early days meant "There is a hard core of hostility that the visual things of the past - like times my cup has overflowed with keeping, visiting friends and going native bush and the hills were pulling all the fish up by hand. you come up against some times." fashion shows and more Maori art the good things and I am truly for long walks in the bush. Because wonderfully different. George would work two lines, works, sculptures and other craft blessed." the environment was so beautiful "I was quite affronted by some things hauling up and baiting one while the works for public display." "Where else could you live and have she rarely felt lonely. The wives also that have been said. But we're not "I am deeply grateful to all those who other sat on the bottom. The tuis in your back yard?" she says. did the garden while the men were being confronted with the same "I'm delighted the way young people have helped to shape my way maximum catch was seven per line. fishing everything was hostility now - not openly anyway." are grasping what has been given through this life, to my many Noelene first met George at a dance. George's biggest day's catch was homegrown. to them. I can see how they will use treasured friends from all walks of She had been dancing quite well all one ton, hand hauling and by the end "People in conservation, fisheries it in the future." life and, most of all, to my wonderful night but when George asked her for After 50 years, Noelene wouldn't live of the day, his hands were rubbed and forestry have finally begun to family." • a dance... anywhere else. raw. realise that we want the same type "They've started with no hang-ups. of environment that they want. The It's like teaching a kid to swim. Once Ma te Atua Kaha Rawa e manaaki, "I was feeling so nervous, my feet George always went muttonbirding "I must have fished for half a century, Ngai Tahu motto has always been they can swim, they can always e tiaki tatou katoa. wouldn't behave properly and I during the season. One day while out it's a long time when you think about the conservation of our land, forests swim." na Rob Tipa remember thinking what a birding with his father on their family it like that", he says.•
18 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 19 MOST OF US ARE USED TO SEEING STACEY DANIELS on our television sets as one of the Mai Time presenters, however it seems entirely appropriate to be chatting with her on the shore of Whakaraupo, her moana. Stacey is on a brief visit to Christchumh, to Rapaki marae in fact, taking part in a reo rumaki hui, or total immersion Maori language hui. Stacey Carissa Pirihia Daniels was born in Cbristchurch in 1973. Her parents are James Daniels and Sue Whalan (nee Walmsley). Her ~ grandparents on . er father's side are M ntero and Katerina Daniels. ~ Stacey affiliate~ to Kai Tahu (Kati Stacey to work on Mai Time because pressures on young people in the © c o rakehu), e Arawa (Tuhourangi), he knew rakatahi were her focus. industry, however she believes the '2 Stacey believes that rakatahi need way to deal with these is to remain 'E Tainui Tuwharetoa and Maniapoto. 22J o awhi because it is hard being young. professional all the time, no matter c:=:J c Stacey spent most of her childhood Gl She also believes that the potential where she is. .r. and you1h in
M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1998 TE KARAKA 21 20 TEKARAKAM a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 ~ Members 01 Ngai Tahu Whanui can be lound allover the globe. @ World Watch invites Ngii Tahu living overseas to send us aslice 01 ~ lile Irom their corner 01 the globe. r ©J Rob Tipa has travelled extensively in the Pacific. On his last trip to the Solomon Islands as a ~ BSA volunteer he wrote the following piece about the subtle art of communication. ~ The Subtle Art 01 Communication
@ When it comes to communication, of industrial noise as Westerners note or the clink of change. Very Solomon Islanders are wonderful to because their senses - especially subtle. 2S watch. eyesight, hearing and perception To stop the bus, the accepted are unusually acute. Landing in the tropics, ex-parties (as practise is to hiss, barely above a anyone who is not a Solomon Here it is quite possible to catch a whisper. No matter how loud the Islander is known locally) learn very bus into the capital of Honiara, buy engine and road noise, or how fast to economise on effort. your lunch, do your weekly shopping vigorous the driver is dodging at the busy central market and catch potholes, somehow he always hears Many arrive here full of evangelical a bus home again, all without a word that sound. enthusiasm and run around like the passing your lips. The first time I tried it, my 'Tssssss' Have you ever wondered who your Riinanga is? proverbial mad dog in the midday sun, trying to move mountains And you don't have to be in a bad was so loud I frightened everyone in single-handed and before dark if mood to do it. In fact, you often felt the bus. The driver screeched to a possible. like you have had elaborate halt to let me off. I think everyone conversations, a good laugh and thought a tyre had blown out. Te Taumutu ROnanga is centred at Taumutu, on the activities. These activities include numerous marae Solomon Islanders are smarter than .' southern shores of Te Waihora (Lake Ellesmere). This based wananga such as eeling, whakapapa, te reo, made a few friends along the way. Since that embarrassing experience, that. They are shy, patient people ROnanga is a member of Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu and raranga (weaving), and participation in community To flag down a bus, you could I learnt to pitch my hiss at local with manners that would put most represents those Ngai Tahu interests in the traditional sporting activities such as the SmokeFree Maori Sports discreetly raise one finger by your levels. Western cultures to shame. takiwa of Ngai Te Ruahikihiki ki Taumutu. Festival. side, but even that is a bit flashy and Months later I learned of an easier The first major culture shock for Membership to Te Taumutu ROnanga is automatically We promote excellence in education by proViding annual a waste of energy. All you need to way to stop the bus. All you have to expatriates comes with the discovery do is LOOK at the bus and the driver bestowed on all persons who can trace genealogical education grants and utilising Ngai Tahu Development do is catch the driver's eye in his of how dependent Westerners are KNOWS you want a lift, even in a descent from Te Ruahikihiki and may also be open to Corporation monies for the purposes of After School on spoken and written crowded street. Not a word is said continued on page 47 spouses of descendants from Te Ruahikihiki. It should Tuition Programmes. communication. as you step aboard. be noted that the ROnanga has a policy whereby all The ROnanga has a firm commitment to establishing persons wishing to vote, may only do so at Taumutu. By contrast, Solomon Islanders do Most bus stops are unmarked, and maintaining honest communication mechanisms This, in essence, prevents multi voting and/or the not waste words. That would be a because everyone seems to with it's members. It produces an Annual Report in ~~ 'stacking' of meetings. waste of precious energy in such a know where they are. The . 11/ t August and distributes this to all persons on it's mailing ~~! I/, hot climate. Here, the spoken word same goes for pedestrian , I V· The vision of Te Taumutu ROnanga is a commitment to: list. Furthermore, the ROnanga also maintains a more comes a distant second to much crossings. They are invisible, • Nurturing a Home specific mailing list for distributing wananga fliers and more finely tuned facilities. other important notices. but the drivers automatically • Cultural Enhancement Perhaps it has something to do with stop as pedestrians bravely step • Promoting Growth Should you wish to become a valued member of this the 90 distinct languages spoken into the mad traffic flow with all the IVI"~ motivated, vibrant team, please drop a line to our • Our Kaitiaki Role throughout this loosely connected confidence of the true believer. I~~ ~~~. Administration Office advising them of your contact
chain of islands strung out between Every bus has a 'bus boy' to collect. 'L I , To achieve this vision the ROnanga has identified the details, relationship to Taumutu and the name/s of your Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu. fares, but he would not dream of r~ fI' \' ~-~ ~. following Key Result Areas: 1848 Kaumatua who is a descendant of Te Ruahikihiki. Many Solomon Islanders speak four asking you to pay. ItcostSI$1 (50fji' r'1~ ~.- • To have whanau participating in the ROnanga Should you require any help regarding this please feel or five different languages. cents NZ) regardless of f'~ltl and marae life and activities free to contact: V.~ Neighbouring villagers may speak whether you want to go '.i~·~ f(J~,} . ~ • To identify and develop a skill base David O'Connell or Rose Nutira different languages. Pijin is the 100 metres or back and I j.. t - I Te Taumutu ROnanga ~ ~ • Management of Te Waihora and wider takiwa common language but it is limited in forth across town all A(} ft f ! I Administration Office 0 • Development of Ngati Moki Marae its range, so people use a lot of day. j" f Jl1/ PO Box 4532 • Economic interests subtle body language to get their You pay when you feel (\ ! I CHRISTCHURCH message across. like it and his hand will only ..., J.'" IJ' Te Taumutu ROnanga are a proactive, fast developing Phone: (03)379 5680 Perhaps Solomon Islanders have extend to collect your fare \"~~r-"""'~_~iiM~_ and friendly whanau with a healthy mix of rangatahi, Fax: (03) 365 3641 not been exposed to the same levels when he hears a rustle of a .... '" pakeke and kaumatua participating in a wide range of E-mail: [email protected]
22 TE KARAKA Makariri J Win t e r 1 9 9 8 Makariri J Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 23 HE WANAKA MOGI Pictures etched into our identity raupo (raupo plantations) such as about 40. Some of our whanau had many generations ago by our tipuna Whakaraupo and Ahuriri, provided a not been home for over 13 years. in the many caves around Te good base from which we could With so many hands, our m6kihi was Waipounamu, depict the antiquity of learn. As our tTpuna were nomadic finished by the Saturday afternoon the mogi (m6kihi) as a vessel used people, so are we today. Therefore and the trial was attempted after it is beneficial for us to learn, if for to traverse our many lakes and rivers karakia was said. and transport the seasonal food no other reason than when we travel supplies along the way. to our nohoaka sites on our lakes It floated magnificently and was and rivers, to build m6kihi to unofficially named 'Hinetewai' - the Until relatively recent times it was transport our kai from the less maiden of the water, and also after thought by many that the knowledge accessible areas. an ancestor of the same name. of making m6kihi had died with earlier generations. That was until Other uses such as regattas were a Everybody from our Poua and Taua Tim Te Maiharoa led a renaissance secondary motivation for wanting to right down to the taitamariki all had by holding a wanaka at Waihao learn. a go - and loved it. Preparation is now currently underway at Rapaki Marae about 10-15 years ago and Our wanaka mogi was part of our J for their wanaka mogi later this year. began to teach others and ensure whanau development programme, that the knowledge of how to make to enable whanau members, who Next year it is hoped that we will 1 m6kihi did not die with him. are unable or uninterested in have enough mogi to have an inter Recently at Koukourarata we have ROnaka matters, to come home and marae mogi regatta - at this stage benefited from his vision and participate in something that was a it's only a thought, but a good one. foresight by having one of the people whanau effort - to know they have a he taught, Awatea Edwin, coming to home and to renew family For those who are interested in teach us how to make them. connections. making magi, we have devised a Despite our distance from the We started with around 20 people very loose recipe (see adjacent traditional pathways of these waka, at the p6whiri on Easter Friday and page) for a magi capable ofcarrying our close historic proximity to pa by Saturday, numbers had reached 3 people.• Maka,i,i I Winte, 1998 TE KARAKA 25 24 TEKARAKAM a k a , i 'i I Win t e, 1 9 9 8 CUlJ When our men allow non-Maori women to stand and speak on our Diploma of There will be a Russell Reunion from ~ Marae Atea, they not only belinle all the Maori women present on that day, COMPUTER GRAPHIC DESIGN 29 December 1999 until 2 January 2000 but they also belittle the Maori women in their whakapapa - their Tupuna Diploma of i MULTIMEDIA at the Kaik (Otakou, Dunedin). Wahine, their Taua, their Hakui, their tuahine, their Kiitiro and their The use of computers has radically changed All descendants of: how graphic images are developed and g mokopuna hlnehou - all 01 us. By Maatakiwi Wakefield deployed in all media. Give yourself real world skills and get your hands on a Horo Papara - Rolu design career. NZQA registered with full accreditation for I both diploma courses. Topori + John Russell : SO WHATS WRONG WITH THE VERANDAH? Student loans and allowances available. I New courses starting in October, January and March. @ Another Waitangi day has passed up in their faces in the form of 'radical non-Maori women to stand and George Ashwell + Harawilea i ~ and rising from the ashes comes yet action'. speak on our Marae Atea, they not another controversy. only belittle all the Maori women ~ In my opinion, when Titiwhai Teone + Koreana Te Horo present on that day, but they also "The right of non-Maori women Harawira challenged Helen Clarke at §J belittle the Maori women in their being allowed to speak on the Waitangi this year on her right to For all those descendants interested whakapapa - their Tupuna Wahine, Marae Atea..." Many Kai Tahu will speak on the Marae Atea of @ theirTaua, their Hakui, theirtuahine, in registering their names, please write to: see this as being a North Island Titiwhai's marae, she was not their K6tiro and their mokopuna ~ issue and not really pertaining to 'us' challenging Ms Clarke, but the 'Old Elliott Russell hinehou - all of us. in the South. Boys Club' that seems to exist 292 Middleton Road among some circles of men. It is just Don't be fooled - even the most But hold on a minute, didn't Amiria St. Clair unfortunate that Ms Clarke has colonialised Maori women take a Reriti address this same issue three Dunedin borne the brunt of an argument second look when they see a non years ago with her article "May I Phone: 03-487 7099 which many Maori men refuse to Maori woman standing to speak on speak on your Marae?" (Issue 1, Te acknowledge let alone discuss. Nau maio Harae mai - Elliott Karaka, Apri/1995). Where she cites the Marae Atea. Don't get me wrong, I am not a Dame Cath Tizard speaking on the As Amiria stated in her article "... supporter of Titiwhai Harawira's past Marae Atea at Arowhenua and asks even Pakeha have such rituals and actions. However, when she stood the question "... women speaking on places where particular people are and issued her challenge at Kai Tahu Marae. What is the Kawa? not allowed to speak least they Waitangi, she was challenging the Amiria tells Whetu Tirikatini-Sullivan, ~i commit some unspeakable cardinal continual whakaititanga of all Maori . Pou,nam,u "... when M.P for Southern Maori sin... " Amiria also states "... I would women by some men. had spoken from the verandah of have been included into the rituals dO~li!;~~a.-",.N'iii~TahU? Mahanui at Tuahiwi Marae and We as Maori women are taught from of the marae and would not have "I therefore didn't trample on ourmen's birth that women do not stand and been given the same speaking rights , /!..#~ .. mana... " speak on the Marae Atea. This is as Dame Cath... " I guarantee that if Kai ora koutou f.l and always will be the domain of the HURA KOHATU // / So can someone please tell me, why Helen or Jenny were Maori, they too . men and the men alone. would be swallowed up into the / My nC!,me is Belinda Vial;1 am Ngai Tlilhu through is it okay for one lot of women to An Invitation to Ngai Tahu Whanau my father, Trevor Howse. I a.m currently studying for 'rituals of the Marae' - there would I stand on the Atea and not the other? Well that's if you're not a non-Maori to attend the unveiling of the stone for / eostl'Graduate Hono~rs irl\Social Anthropology at women who is the Leader of a be no room for discussion at all. I am fully aware of the LORE that Massey University, Pa'merston Nort!l. Country or the Leader of the governs the Marae Atea, of the For the last 158 years, Maori have My research i~("investiga9ng t~e value of Opposition or the Governor-General. Robert Tuakana Pere Karakia Brown rituals that once occurred in respect learnt about the Pakeha culture and p'Qunamu to you - as a memb~,6'f the iwi Ngai Tahu. If Then and only then will they change to P6whiri and Whaik6rero (rituals, have adapted quite readily to the yo'\! would like to take part i~~s research, please either at the may I add, that have vastly the LOREto allow you to stand and way of life. So perhaps it is time they write, p,ho~ne, fax or emai~eat the below address and speak on the Marae Atea. diminished since the coming of the learnt about our culture and our way TATARAHAKE URupA ler:me .know'what p~namu means to you. I would of life. Perhaps too it is time to ask appre~iate h~aring.ff6"9·as Missionary and the word of the Now you ask me what is the TOlAGA BAY, EAST COAST many of you ,as possible. Bible). So why do our men whakaiti difference between LORE.and LAvv. our non-Maori counterparts to step All. infolJPaflon. vitill be treated inf6nfidence, no one group by their up on the verandah with the rest of one wi~~,riameey'orreferred tOiil)~such a way that LORE: is handed down from the on Friday 23rd October 1998 a.m. whakamanatanga of another? us. You never know, they might just they. could be recognised - but I would appreciate your Atua to our Tupuna and then finally like it, after all we've been doing it h~Iif1.to find hal value Ng'i ;rahu people place on Perhaps it is because 30-40 years HAUITI MARAE, TOlAGA BAY 011 down to us - ITDOES NOT CHANGE for hundreds of years. poynamu. . ago there was no such thing as LAW: is man made and changes Naumai, Haeremai te whanau women Prime Ministers or Governor And now you ask me where I stand MykddreSs i . Dalgettys Road / like the wind a Ngai Tahu on the issue of Maori women ~ ~.D.4, Taihape i Generals, let alone women M.Ps. It § . speaking on the Marae Atea... Well iPhone/fax: (06) 382 ~518 was truly a man's world in all walks So which one governs the Marae R.S.V.P: T Brown, Ph 03-366 7663 of life and culture. Now as we race Atea now? Long ago it was LORE, lets justsayI'm still doing the dishes Email: [email protected] .I I ~., I/ to the year 2000, it has begun to blow what is it now? When our men allow in the kitchen.... M a k a r i r i I Win t er 1998 TE KARAKA 27 26 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 DOWN @ Cockles remain tight-lipped 1. Visitor (8) ~ 2. Pith of a tree, soaked (3,2) Koukourarata Riinanga have ruled that the Port Levy cockle beds will remain closed for a @ 3. Sun (2) further three years due to arecent decrease in numbers. (!!iJ 4. Pounamu ornament (7) (!!iJ Following the closure of the Port based community training cockle beds at Port Levy remain 5. Pluck leaf by leaf, a kumara (8) Levy cockle beds in late 1995, the organisation, Nga Peeka te closed for a further three years. This 6. Ransom, reward, reply (3) ~ Koukourarata ROnanga and local Matauranga 0 Otautahi. will allow the numbers of small residents initiated a survey of the cockles to rise and ensure a good @ Results from the survey show the 7. Particle denotes new action (2) cockle beds in 1997 to provide a supply of large cockles to sustain the beds have had a small increase (16 8. Thicken, cooking (3) ~ baseline population estimate. cockle beds in future years. per cent) in harvest sized cockles (> 9. Beget (2) Another survey of the Port Levy beds 3.5cm long), but an almost 50 per Also recommended is that the \9 was recently completed by an cent decrease in smaller (non monitoring of the beds continues on 12. He, she, it (2) enthusiastic group of thirty eight harvestable) sized cockles. The an annual basis over the next three 17. Calm (2) people from the ROnanga, local Koukourarata ROnanga has years so that the state of the cockle residents and the Christchurch therefore recommended that the stocks can be assessed.• 19. Cordyline Australis (2) 20. To (2) 22. Parrot (4) The Ngai Tahu website is proving to be extremely popular and was 24. Wooden bowl (3) awarded site of the week in the June Ngai Tahu Website 25. Tooth (4) issue of Computaworld magazine. The Toi Rakatahi pages on the site http://ToiRakatahi.ngaitahu.iwi.nz 26. N.l. Palm (5) have increased the youth audience 29. Current, rushing stream (2) and the soon to be added Ngai Tahu Development section will provide VtlVtIVtI.ngaitahu.iVtli.nz ACROSS 30. Sharp (6) browsers with an in-depth overview • Hundreds of requests for children's page as I have 2 kids 1. Southern South Island (7) 31. Basket (6) 32. Trevally (6) of the Corporation's programmes information from students in the that are missing home real bad and tribal activities. 7. Mountain Parrot (3) 33. Then (4) 34. Godwit (5) States studying Maori and look forward to more stories." Comments and requests for more 10. What (3) 34. Particle before proper nouns (2) 36. Seafoam (3) • From Canada - "I saw 'Once • From Hawaii - "I have registered information are flooding in from all 11. Drive away (6) 35. Alive, life (3) 37. Wade or swim (3) Were Warriors' yesterday and I with our tribe and I would like to over the globe, including the wanted to learn more about your thank you for the regular updates 13. Belonging to (2) 36. Bunch, bundle (2) 39. You (3) following: extraordinary culture." and the children's books." • From Ireland - "You must keep 14. Shudder (2) 38. Smoke, fog (2) 41. Food (3) your tribal heritage alive. All • From Norway -"... we look • From Aotearoa - "Excellent info 15. Back, behind, number prefix (3) 39. Calabash (3) 42. Fixed, established (3) heritage is sacred... Na nGeal forward to updates of the tribal on Kai Tahu ... Keep up the good (tribe of the Geals) Eire news but also updates to the work." • 16. Land - not sea (3) 40. Vigorous (6) 45. Canoe thwart, sideboards (2) 18. Spear (3) 43. Viscera (6) Answers on page 47 21. Flax cloak (5) 44. Lung (3) New Zealand:The Millennium 23. Fruit of N.Z. Fuchsia (6) 46. Embark (3) PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPETITION 27. Red billed gull (6) 47. Expressing surprise (2) Congratulations go to Dylan 28. Raise, lift up (5) 48. Look away (4) Thorpe of Lyttelton who is the Over 7 days in February 1999, a select • Entries close 5pm 20 September 1998. lucky winner of the "Guess group of photographers will venture into • Winners will be announced in the October issue of the heart of our nation, capturing The Photographers Mail. On 15 August 1998, Taua Flake's What's in Hana Hoko's Sack" thousands of images of New Zealand and RULES & CONDITIONS r------"I I HAVE ENCLOSED A MAXIMUM OF SIX (6) 10" BY 8" I Mark Solomon is the kawemate will return to Waihao Christmas Competition. Entrants must supply 10" x e- unmounted prints or mounted transparencies. UNMOUNTED PRINTS AND/OR MOUNTED TRANSPARENCIES I its people. The best of these images, A maximum of six (6) prints per entry only. (Morven). For further information Each print must be clearty marKed WIth the enlrants name, address &day phone representative on The correct answer was 50 together with photographs selected from number on the back. FIRST NAME contact James Brennan - 03-389 6485 this competition, will be encapsulated into Each entry must be accompanied by aseparate, signed entry lorm (photocopies I ~~~;T:::~~rt to the number of entries submitted. Entry Is free. SURNAME _ Te Riinanga 0 Ngai Tahu lor kina, 10 paua, 6 crayfish. Entries must be the original work. of the entrant, who must own the copyright. an unrivalled book and companion Composite images must contain only original work. of the author. I Entries must be sent prior 10 20 September 1998 to be eligible. POSTALADDRESS __ Over 21 ,000 people have registered with Dylan has won a trip for two exhibition entitled New Zealand:The Entries will not be returned unless astamped, self·addressed envelope/packaging I the Kaikiiura Riinanga. ~fz~~r~~~~~~ii~~ j~e~~~~:~e Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu. If you would Millennium right to publish and/or exhibit any prize winner's whale watching in Haikoura. entries. I II you have any enquiries, like further details on registration contact: NZ: The MHiennium will not accept any claim or complaint from models or other TELEPHONE (DAYTIME) _ The winner of the competition will join parties who consider they have claim to the right of use of any image published or exhibited. I WHAKAPAPA Dylan, please contact the this select group on an all expenses paid ~~~7; ~t~~~~a~:Ywi~ be~~eredbe~~rN~n~ri~~t~n~~~~ed- FAX (tFAPPLICABLE) _ I he can be contacted on Ngai Tahu Group Management assignment for one week within New Staff and immediate families of NZ: The Millennium are not eligible to enter. Editol' 101' youI' tickets. The judge's decision is final and no correspondence will be entered into. Christchurch 03-359 9303. PO Box 13 046,Christchurch Zealand during February 1999.• Any entry which does not comply with these rules will be eXduded. SIGNED I or phone 03-366 4344 I hereby certify that my entry fully complies with New Zealand: The Millennium I Photographic Compefflion rules & conditions and I agree to be boundby these roles. 28 TE KARAKA Makariri I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 29 SEND YOUR ENTRIES TO: NEW ZEALAND: THE MILLENNIUM ~ BOX 19625, AUCKLAND 1230. FAX09-8282043 ~ • (§) Te Reo Update mru ~ NGAI TAHD DEVELOPMENT Situations Vacant Kia Kurapa The need for a bridging course towards total Development Corporation is looking to make immersion language programmes has become mru CORPORATION several senior appointments. increasingly evident in recent times. We have ~ therefore created a programme entitled Kia Kurapa that will prepare beginners of te reo to cope with ~ the total immersion environment. Although we have not yet finalised the date, the first course will be held F An Operational Support Manager will be between September 28 and October 9 at Te reqUired to take responsibility for planning and Matauranga Maori (the Christchurch Polytechnic ~ Marae). The hui will be two full days in duration. tii iWi, tii mana; tii toranga, tii mahi policy development. This will include financial planning and responsibility for a small Reo Rumaki CU1J Ngai Tahu Development Corporation is the arm of the tribal structure which is administration team. We are looking for someone A reminder regarding the next Reo Rumaki. It will with a suitable tertiary qualification and be held at Takahanga Marae in Kaikoura 18-24 @ charged with developing the social benefits for Ngai Tahu. It is responsible for experience in strategic planning, financial October. ~ putting in place a broad developmental framework to drive Ngai Tahu whanui into management and teamwork. Suitable applicants The number will be fixed so early registrations will will have excellent communication skills and an be given preference. At least a basic understanding ~ the future. ability to work with Ngai Tahu people. The of te reo is essential. position will be a key part of the management If you are interested in either of these, please ~ phone Mason Ngawhika on (03) 371 2648 or e-mail Planning is underway for the strong then the whole tribal feedback throughout the year. team of Ngai Tahu Development Corporation. me on [email protected]. ~ impending settlement of the Ngai structure will not function well c:::J Papatipu ROnaka are facing major Tahu claim against the Crown. It is • There is a need to clearly focus growth in activity levels. There is an @ expected that consultation will the roles of the various parts of urgent need to resource the continue during the year ahead, and There is also a need to take on a Heritage ~ the Ngai Tahu corporate organisational development and Kai Tabu Education Hui with it will come an increasing Development Manager. There are an increasing structure infrastructural support needs of A reminder that there is an education hui planned for number of challenges. These can number of challenges relating to iwi heritage these rOnaka. Resources are to be 13-14 August at the Otakou Marae, near Dunedin. be grouped into four areas: 1997-98 was a gearing up year for issues and a range of policy development work The focus for the hui will be: How will Kai Tahu at all put in place now to avoid risks in the Ngai Tahu Development is required to put in place a robust heritage levels and of all ages engage in education? What is the • There is a need to balance the future. Corporation. The work is really just framework for Ngai Tahu. The Pounamu responsibility of Kai Tahu? What model do we want for short, medium and long term starting. A most important part of this There are an increasing number of Development Project will be an important part of the establishment of Kai Tahu kura? What resources expectations of Ngai Tahu do we need to develop to support our education is to make decisions about the way opportunities for you as Ngai Tahu this new position. We are looking for someone initiatives? What is the best process to include Kai Tahu whanui with a broad understanding of heritage and taoka Ngai Tahu will spend its money in people to participate in the affairs of whanui? What should the Kai Tahu Education plan • There is a need to put a strong the future and more importantly for the tribe. We urge you to take up issues as they impact upon iwi. The suitable include? What are our priorities? policy and planning framework Ngai Tahu whanui to answer the these opportunities. Unless the work applicant should have a relevant tertiary A panui with all the necessary details will be sent out in in place question, "what do we want Ngai that Development Corporation qualification, strong analytical skills, excellent July. Please register your interest with Mason Ngawhika communication skills and the ability to work with • There is a need to develop Tahu to look like in 25 years time?" undertakes is driven by an under by phoning, 0800 KAITAHU, or send details to Te papatipu rOnaka to enable them We thank all of you who have standing of the needs of Ngai Tahu the various groups within Ngai Tahu who are Waipounamu House, PO Box 13-046, or email: to meet future demands. If the already written to us with your views whanui, it will not fulfill the dreams involved with heritage matters. [email protected] for your copy.• papatipu structures are not and urge you to continue giving your and aspirations within all of us.• Whaia te matauraka! Seek the knowledge!
Expansion of programmes has led to the need to find a Cultural Development Manager. This Recruitment for Management Project person will be responsible for planning and Korero Project implementing a range of cultural development It has become something of a catch cry over the past Ngai Tahu Development Corporation is about to recruits will work in the private and public sectors activities aimed at maximising cultural growth and year. At rOnaka meetings, at Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu launch a project to ensure Ngai Tahu has the and in Ngai Tahu organisations over a five year participation. This will include te reo, waiata, the table and at just about every other forum where Ngai necessary people to manage our various activities period, spending time in each area to give them a arts and Kai Tahutaka in general. The suitable Tahu Development Corporation meet with rOnaka in the future. Unless we plan for the development of solid base of experience. After a period of time we person should have excellent communication members, we have been constantly quizzed about the tribal members, there are no assurances that we will should have developed a pool of highly skilled skills including some fluency in Maori, as well as 'K6rero Project'. The K6rero Project is going to change have the right people with the skills and experience potential managers, who can foot it both in the private good organisational skills. They should be a team how we communicate within Ngai Tahu. It will see all to run our operations in years to come. and public sector as well as in the Ngai Tahu worker who is comfortable in the Ngai Tahu grass papatipu rOnaka with the equipment and training to make environment. the most of technology as a means of overcoming barriers It is our plan to recruit five young Ngai Tahu university roots environment. to communication. We are all looking forward to the graduates annually and place them on a five year More details will follow, however if you are interested If you are interested in any of these positions, possibilities that this wide spread access to and use of programme of personal development. These recruits in a long term future in management, this may be a please send your details to Receptionist, Riria technology will bring to Ngai Tahu. It will allow all parts will need to be all-rounders, and a programme aimed career path for you. Please contact Paul White, Ngai Pirika. She will ensure that you receive detailed of the tribal structure to be on e-mail and access the at professional, organisational and cultural Tahu Development Corporation, if you want to receive information and are put onto the appropriate internet. If you are 'on-line' let Suzanne Ellison know and development will be designed for each of them. The more information.• person.• we can put you on appropriate mailing lists.•
30 TE KARAKA Maka r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 998 TEKARAKA 31 ____L Piitea Mitauraka Scholarship Recipients
Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu, through its distributive To date, approximately 320 Kai Tahu tribal members arm, Ngai Tahu Development Corporation, offered have applied for and received funding from pOtea Tenei te mihi atu ki a koutou huri noa steer this waka through its journey are taoka unique to Kai Tahu. They tertiary assistance of $226,000 for the 1998 year. i ka motu ahakoa kei te noho ki tena of discovery. It is a journey well contain our whakapapa and our matauraka. In addition to the 180 scholarship This included 40 tertiary education scholarships. applicants, we have received at least another 140 pito, ki tena pito 0 te ao nei. Tena worth taking and Ngai Tahu tribal histories. They are your taoka, Each scholarship is worth $1500 to assist Kai Tahu koutou katoa. Development Corporation is proud they are our taoka, treasure them, applications solely for base grants. Ngai Tahu tribal members with the increasing cost of tertiary to add its hoe (paddle), its kaha nurture them and care for them. Development Corporation will continue to make He aha tenei mea Te Ha 0 (strength) and its ha (breath) to this stUdy. Eighteen of the scholarships available were available base grants for the remainder of 1998, to Tahupotiki? It is the waka in which kaupapa. No reira, maraka mai Te Ha 0 selected by Kai Tahu Papatipu ROnaka; one per the value of $250 for first year students and $500 we place our waiata, whakapapa Tahupotiki. ROnaka and to date, 14 of the ROnaka have finished for second and subsequent year students. and korero for our Kai Tahu The first two sets of tapes and nii Ripeka Paraone their selections. whanauka. It is a tohu which reminds booklets with words and photos are 35 Scholarship recipients are profiled in this edition Projects Manager The remaining 22 scholarships were chosen with us of our links and it is what binds koha to Kai Tahu whanui. If you of Te Karaka. A full list of all tertiary funding Education & Cultural Development the assistance of Ngai Tahu Development us together. require further copies there will be a recipients (scholarship and grants) will be published small cost of $5-$6 plus postage, so For a copy of this taoka contact: Corporation staff and Kaumatua. In excess of 180 in the next issue of Te Karaka, due for release in Te Ha 0 Tahupotiki was born of a this project can continue. If you Mason Ngawhika applications were received for Kai Tahu October/November 1998. In addition, Ngai Tahu desire of Kai Tahu whanui to would like to purchase a copy see Te Waipounamu House scholarships. Due to the high quality of applicants Development Corporation will distribute a copy of strengthen and promote a Kai Tahu and the delay in finalising all Papatipu ROnaka below for details. PO Box 13-046 the 'Nga POtea' funding assistance guide for the identity through waiata and korero. scholarships, a final pool of 30 applicants have been We thank our whanau who have CHRISTCHURCH 1998/99 financial year, for the information of Kai selected for scholarship consideration. The Ngai Tahu Development Corporation gifted waiata to Kai Tahu whanui. Phone: 0800 KAITAHU Tahu tribal members.• was asked to act as a Kaihautu to These waiata, korero and whakaaro E-mail: [email protected] remaining 150 applicants have been awarded base grants. From the 30 applicants short-listed for Application forms for tertiary education funding scholarships, 20 have been awarded a scholarship. for the 1999 academic year will be available on Once Papatipu ROnaka scholarships are finalised, request from October 1998. At a recent hui held at Rauhoto remaining scholarship recipients will be selected. Marae, Taupo, on 4-5 April 1998, the formation of a national Maori Touch structure inclusive of Marae, Waka, HapO, Iwi, rohe, ROnaka and takiwa Papatipu KOnanla Scholarships was mandated. An interim Executive DC for Maori Touch was appointed headed by Gerard Ngawati (Nga Puhi, Ngati Hine, Te Atiawa, Ngati Pikiao, Ngati Riinaka: Puketeraki • Scholarship Recipient: Kelly Holmes Porou), who is also employed as He Oranga Poutama Kaiwhakahaere for Sport Waitakere and Sport North Harbour. Kelly, who affiliates to Kati Huirapa ki Puketeraki, is into his seventh year at Otago The vision statement for Maori Touch is, 'To be recognised for our tikanga andprofessionalism at every level University working towards a Master of Arts and a Post Graduate Diploma in Clinical ofthe game oftouch and to Ultimately be World Champions'. The mission statement is to ensure Maori will be Psychology. As well as his studies he tutors Maori Psychology students. Kelly's empowered and strengthened, through Maori Touch, in: family are active in iwi life and as a result Kelly has spent a lot of time on the marae. His sporting interests are varied, including rugby, boxing, tennis and badminton. Kelly's • tikanga Maori vision for the future would be the establishment of an iwi based Maori mental health • te reo unit here in Te Waipounamu, meeting the needs of those who are falling through the • whakawhanaungatanga cultural gaps in our present day psychiatric services. • Te Hauora Riinaka: Oraka-Aparima • Scholarship Recipient: Perita Bien Suddaby The concept of a National Maori Touch body is supported by Associate Minister of Sport, the Hon. Tau Henare. He Ellen is in her first year of studying for a Diploma of Teaching in Primary Bilingual at believes there is an obligation under Te Tiriti 0 Waitangi to provide for Maori initiatives and economic development the Dunedin College of Education (Southland campus). Although her hapO is Ngati for the indigenous culture of this country. Wheke, Ellen has been involved with the Oraka-Aparima ROnaka since 1994, participating in hui and fundraising for marae projects. Outside of study Ellen's sporting It has been agreed to hold an inaugural National Maori Touch tournament on 5-6th December, 1998 at Hopuhopu interest is netball and she is involved in the Polytech kapahaka group. Her vision is to (Tainui). The tournament will be open to all Maori with grades consisting of Open Mens, Open Womens, Open see rakatahi Kai Tahu preserve and develop their cultural and linguistic heritage. Mixed, Youth 20s and Under 18s, Masters Mixed 30/30. The kaupapa of the National tournament will be auahi kore (smokefree) and alcohol free. In addition each competing province will perform kapahaka and waiata during a Riinaka: Kaikoura • Scholarship Recipient: Christopher lickell cultural evening on the night of 5th December. Chris who affiliates to Kati KurT, is in his second year of Te Rangakura ki Waitaha Teaching programme It is hoped that representation from Te Waipounamu can be organised for the inaugural National Maori Touch through the Whanganui Polytechnic. Chris has been involved in kapahaka, fundraising events and hui on tournament. The National Maori tournament offers an alternative to the National tournament, whereby specific behalf of his hapu. On section he is currently teaching te reo me ona tikanga as part of his bi-lingual tikanga Maori and whakawhanungatanga are developed and enhanced as an integral part of the tournament. training. He has participated and gained placings in two manu karero competitions. Since 1990 he has been studying Te Mau Taiaha. Chris has also participated in inter-tribal sports tournaments. Anyone interested in registering their interest or simply gaining further information regarding the development of Maori Touch in Te Waipounamu should contact: Dion Williams Riinaka: Ngai liIahuriri • Joint Scholarship Recipient: Manu Manihera Ngai Tahu Development Corporation Manu is currently in his first year stUdying Te Reo Rakatira through Te Whare ROnanga 0 Otautahi PO Box 13-046, Christchurch (Christchurch Polytechnic). Manu has been involved with culture groups all his life and has just competed Work phone: 03-371 0189 or0800 524 824 with Te Kotahitanga in the National competitions. He is also helping Manning Intermediate Culture Club, Home phone: 03-385 1569 particularly with Ngai Tahu waiata. He has played representative level rugby league.
32 TE KARAKA Makar; r; I W; n t e r 1 9 9 8 Makarir; I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 33 Riinaka: Hokonui • Scholarship Recipient: Ann Maree Cairns Ann, who affiliates to the Kai te Pahi hapO, is in her first year at Southland Polytechnic, studying extramurally for a Batchelor of Commerce from Otago University. Ann, aTe Riinaka: Moeraki • Scholarship Recipient: John Harpur Wai Pounamu College 'old girl', has been involved with several cultural groups and John (Hone) is in his second year studying Tikaka Maori at Aoraki Polytechnic. John lists a really awesome array of sporting interests, both current and past, including the is married to Joy and they have four children and five mokopuna. He affiliates to Murihiku Marae Softball Team, karate and accredited training in 9 Kiwisports activities. Moeraki and Waihao. John has had a lifelong involvement in visual arts in a variety of Ann has been involved with Te Kohaka Reo 0 Murihiku and Te Kohanga Reo 0 Hokonui. media. More recently he has photographed places and events of significance to Kai Her vision for the future is a secure base in te reo for Ngai Tahu kohanga reo graduates Tahu at hui and noho marae. John has a specific interest in photographing rock art, as they move from primary through to secondary education and beyond. making it accessible to all iwi members.
Riinaka: Otakou • Scholarship Recipient: Brett Ellison Riinaka: Te Hapii 0 Ngati Wheke (Rapaki) • Scholarship Recipient: Patricia Mare Lake Brett is in his second year studying Geography at Otago University. He affiliates to Te Trish is in her third year studying for a B.Ed at the Dunedin College of Education and Ruahikihiki, Kati Moki and Kai te Pahi. Brett has been involved with his marae at a BA in Maori at Otago University. She affiliates to Kati Wheke, Kati Ruahikihiki, Kai many hui and recently was part of a roopu identifying sites for the Deed of Settlement. te Pahi, Kati Moki, Kati Irakehu and Kati Kahukura. Trish has been involved in cultural On the sporting side of things, Brett has been in several representative rugby teams competitions and groups including Te Kapa Haka 0 Te Whare Wananga 0 Otakou and including the Otago Maori team, and has been involved in coaching the game as well. Te Ata 0 Tu Mahina. Last year she travelled to Canada as part of an indigenous Brett's vision for Ngai Tahu would be for all the resources and expertise within the iwi people's conference there. At home she has been involved with rOnaka hui and noho to be harnessed so that the iwi can grow and prosper. marae. Her sporting interests include hockey, touch rugby and Tae Kwon Do.
Riinaka: Kati Waewae • Scholarship Recipient: Karen Coakley Karen is in her first year studying for a Diploma of Teaching through the Whanganui Polytechnic, and is Riinaka: Awarua • Scholarship Recipient: James Paul Whaanga currently on section at Arahura Kohanga Reo in Hokitika. She has three children and four mokopuna. She is active in runanga life, catering for, and attending hui. As a taua and a teacher Karen sees the loss James who affiliates to Awarua ROnanga and Ngai Tuahuriri, is in his fifth year of of identity for Ngai Tahu as a thing of the past, and believes that we have the strength to immerse ourselves study for an MA at Waikato University having completed a BA in linguistics (bi lingual) in our language and culture to instil a sense of pride and belonging into today's tamariki. last year. James hopes that upon the completion of his studies at Waikato, he will be able to return home, although living up north hasn't stopped him from being a member Riinaka: Arowhenua • Scholarship Recipient: Winsome Murchie of Te Kapa Haka 0 Te Whare Wananga 0 Otakou and the Murihiku rugby team! Winsome, who already has a BA in English and a BSc in Psychology to her name, is in her sixth year studying medicine at Te Whare Wananga 0 Otago. Winsome has had lifelong and extensive involvement with her people at Arowhenua and Moeraki. She has been a member of the MWWL for 25 years. She was a tutor in the University Riinaka: MakaWhio • Scholarship Recipient: Athena Te Koeti Maori Department and more recently, tutored Maori nurses and midwives at the Otago Athena Te Koeti is in her third year studying for a BA in Maori at Canterbury University. Polytechnic. Winsome enjoyed introducing te reo to Playschool in her role as presenter Athena affiliates to Kati Mamoe, Kati Mahaka and to Te ROnanga 0 Makawhio. Athena from 1980-87. Winsome's vision for the future is regaining lost ground so that Ngai is involved in many university clubs and societies, including the Sport's Union Review Tahu can fully participate in all areas of society, particularly at a professional level, Board, Club's Development Officer, Performing Art's Committee, Te Akatoki, Te Mana enabling us to become 'a proud, confident people.' Akonga, Te Poari and she has been nominated to be part of the Ngai Tahu Research Centre Board. Riinaka: Waihao • Scholarship Recipient: Andrew Herd Andrew, who affiliates to Kati HUirapa, is in his second year studying for a BSc at Otago University. Since his high school years Andrew took an interest in his Maori Saunders" Co (Barristers and Solicitors) Scholarship for Law Students heritage which included whanau wananga at Waihao. Andrew has excelled in his Recipient: Mason Fitzgerald sporting endeavours, representing Otago in tennis and basketball and was chosen as Mason, who affiliates to Ngai Te Ruahikihiki, Nga ROnanga 0 Awarua and Murihiku, is the Green Island 'Sportsman of the Year' for soccer. Andrew sees a need for Ngai the first student to be awarded this prestigious scholarship by the Christchurch law Tahu to upskill en masse, not only in terms of Pakeha education but in tikanga Maori firm, Saunders & Co. Mason is in his sixth year at Canterbury University studying for too, for the sake of future generations. an LLB (Hons). He is currently a member of the Canterbury Under 23 golf team. Mason sees the need to attain and develop tribal identity through participation by all iwi members in iwi life. Riinaka: Waihopai • Scholarship Recipient: Shannon Goldsmith Shannon, who affiliates to Kati Huirapa, is in his second year studying for a New Zealand Diploma in Management/Business Studies at Southland Polytechnic. Shannon has been involved in voluntary work with Murihiku Marae and with the Maori Wardens Ngai Tahu Scholarships there. During his high school days he was in the SBHS Maori Culture Group. His sporting interests include touch, rowing and rugby and last year Shannon captained Dean Fraser the Southland Maori Colts XV. Dean affiliates to Ngai Te Ruahikihiki and Te ROnanga Otakou and is currently stUdying for a BA in Community and Family Studies and a Postgraduate Diploma in Psychiatric Healt~. Dean's passion lies in 'the health and well-being of Maori' and to this end he Riinaka: Te Taumutu • Scholarship Recipient: Darryl Stuart Mc Queen has studied occupational therapy, te ao Maori and residential rehabilitation with a bi Darryl, who affiliates to Taumutu - Ngai Te Ruahikihiki, is studying at the National College of Design and cultural focus. He works with the CHE within a kaupapa Maori service for Maori who Technology (Christchurch) for a Diploma of Multi-media. Darryl's been involved with hui and wananga at require psychiatric services in the hospital. Dean is a regular member of the Kai Tahu Taumutu and in the future he hopes Ngai Tahu will be able to utilise his computer and graphic design Whanau culture group and has helped in cultural performances fundraising for the skills. Darryl's sporting interests include soccer, softball, kickboxing and taiaha. Arai Te Uru marae.
34 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 35 ErueraPrendergast Eruera is in his third year studying for a BA in Maori at Canterbury University. Eru Amos Kamo affiliates to Tuahuriri, Irakehu and to nga rOnanga 0 Koukourarata, Te Ngai Tuahuriri Amos, having completed his BA last year, is now studying History (Hons) and Maori at and Otautahi. He has been involved in several culture groups including Te Kotahitanga, a postgraduate level. He affiliates to Ngati Huirapa and to Te ROnanga 0 Arowhenua. and Pounamu Ngai Tahu. Eru has also participated in several reo rumaki (total Amos has been involved with several culture groups including Te Whatumanawa 0 immersion hui). His interest in art, particularly carving, has seen him included in many Rehua, Te Kotahitanga Uuniors), Aranui High School and Pounamu Ngai Tahu. He Maori art festivals. He is a member of Te Awa Haku waka ama club. lists Te Awa Haku (waka ama) as a particular interest. From an early age he has Eruera has been selected as joint rOnaka scholarship recipient for Ngai Tuahuriri as attended Ngai Tahu land court hearings, ka hui kaumatua and Te ROnanga 0 Ngai well as a Ngai Tahu scholarship. Tahu meetings. Manawanui Parata Damon Bell Damon, who affiliates to Te Ruahikihiki, Huirapa and Tuahuriri and to Oraka Aparima ROnaka, is in his Manawanui is in his third year studying for a BCom in Telecommunication Technology fourth year studying for a MBChB at the Otago Medical School. Damon has a special interest in mate at Canterbury University. He affiliates to Te HapO 0 Ngati Wheke, Rapaki. Manawanui huka (diabetes) and has been involved in research with Te Rangahau Hauora Maori 0 Ngai Tahu and with has performed globally as part of Maori performing art groups and even as a back up Healthcare Otago's Maori Health worker. Damon is committed to helping devise strategies to deal with singer for Crowded House! He is currently a member of Te Ahikaaroa. Manawanui is very much involved with his marae and is currently involved with Te Toi Rakatahi project, this illness, both now and in the future. a computer web site for rakatahi Kai Tahu.
Jonathan Kilgour Charisma Rangi Jonathan is in his fourth year studying for an LLB and a Bachelor of Social Sciences at Charisma is in her third year studying for a BA in Maori and Sociology and an LLB at Waikato University. Jonathan affiliates to Ngati Irakehu and to Wairewa ROnanga. Can!erbury University. She affiliates to Kati Irakehu and to nga rOnanga 0 Wairewa During his time at University he has been a member of the Maori University Student me Onuku and Te Atiawa on her mother's side and Ngati Kahungunu on her father's. Support Group and the Maori Law Student Support Group as well as the kapahaka She has participated in several Korimako speech competitions and is currently an groups, Nga Pumanawa and Mauri Taiaho. His sporting interests include volleyball, executive member of both Te Putairiki (Maori Law Student's Association) and Te Roopu hockey and indoor netball. K~pa. Haka 0 te Whare ~ananga. 0 Waitaha. This yrr Charisma is tutoring in the Maori Department. Her Interests Include tennis and volleyball, painting and playing guitar. James Hardy James is in his fifth year of study for an LLB and a BCom at Otago University. James affiliates to Kati Huirapa, and to Te ROnanga Otakou. He is a member of the Kai Tahu Whanau ropO (last year touring Nola Richards Canada), and is a voluntary worker at the Kai Tahu Maori Law Centre. A keen sportsperson, James has Nola is married with two children and is in her second year of studying for a Diploma of been an Otago University representative in both rugby league and touch rugby. Teaching through the Christchurch College of Education. She affiliates to Ngati Hateatea o Moeraki. She has early childhood qualifications and is the convenor of Rosebank Primary School (Balclutha) Taha Maori Committee. Outside of teaching her interests include coaching netball, supporting South Otago junior cricket, catering, Riding for Tamara Mutu the Disabled and learning te reo. Tamara is in her fourth year studying for an LLB (Hons) and a Bachelor of Social Sciences at Waikato University. She affiliates to Kati Mamoe and to Awarua ROnanga. She has participated in manu korero competitions and is the recipient of several academic scholarships, including one from Te Ohu Kaimoana in 1995. Last year Hine-te-Wai Roseanne Robinson Tamara won 'Best Netball Player' in Te Whakahiapo (Maori Law Student's Association Roseanne is a mother of two in her third and final year of studying for a Diploma of / of Waikato University). Other sporting activities include Te Papa Takaro 0 Te Arawa, Teaching through the Christchurch College of Education. She is also studying Maori Marae Fun Run and the Maniopoto Sport's Festival. at Canterbury University. Roseanne affiliates to Kati Taoka, Rakiamoa, Huirapa and to Te ROnanga 0 Arowhenua. She has been involved with kapahaka groups, Kapahaka Te Aitarakihi and Pounamu Ngai Tahu as well as reo rumaki, treaty workshops and Matthew Prebble taiaha wananga. Matthew is in his fourth year at Victoria University studying for a BSc (Hons). Matthew affiliates to Kai Tuahuriri and to Wairewa ROnanga. He has latterly been involved in hui such as reo rumaki and Wairewa wanaka. He was a member of the New Zealand Aroha Rogerson Underwater Hockey Men's Team from 1993-1995. Aroha is in her first year of teacher training in Invercargill on Te Rangakura for a Diploma of Teaching through Wanganui Polytechnic. Aroha affiliates to Ngati Huirapa, Ngai Te Ruahikihiki and to Hokonui ROnaka. Previous work experience includes her role as Kaiawhina at Te Kura Kaupapa Maori 0 Arowhenua.
Rachel Palmer Herena Stone Rachel is in her second year studying for a PhD in Anthropology at Otago University. Herena is a mother of one, in her second year of study for a LLB at Waikato University. Herena affiliates She completed her BA with honours in 1995 and her MA with distinction last year. to Kati Wheke, Ngai Tuahuriri and to Te Hapu 0 Ngati Wheke ROnanga. Herena is very involved in her Rachel affiliates to Kati Huirapa and Te ROnanga Otakou. This year she is recording marae with MWWL work there, reo rumaki, Te Rangatahi 0 Rapaki as well as Wahine Tukaha and Te archaeological sites in the Taieri Mouth Area and working with a team who are re Kurawhakapumau i te reo tuturu ki Waitaha. She was an original member in the cultural groups, Te Whetu vegetating Moturata Island, one of her Poua's favourite places. In the past she has Ariki 0 Kahukura and Pounamu Ngai Tahu. been involved with the Kai Tahu ki Otago Natural Resource Management Plan. M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1998 TE KARAKA 37 36 TEKARAKAM a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 101 RAKAIAHI - Oho Ake - Charg Anoushka Ode Shankar This project is being driven by a dynamic team of taiohi/ Anoushka, who affiliates to Kati Huirapa, is in her second year studying medicine/ rakatahi who are visionary, energetic and pioneering. pharmacy at Otago University. Anoushka's family are involved with Nga Hau e Wha Ripeka Paraone as the Project Manager with Manawanui marae, Anoushka herself, has been networking with other Ngai Tahu involved in Parata, Eruera Prendergast and Asian Consultants health. She is also part of the Maori University Student's Association. Anoushka Limited have been responsible for working with a sees the need for Maori to be treated using both western medicine and traditional supportive project team to get the job done. rongoa Maori. Toi Rakatahi is an awesome Kai Tahu website for youth. Juliet Tainui It went on the worldwide internet on the 15th June 1998. Events to celebrate Toi Rakatahi were held in Juliet is in her sixth year studying for an LLB and a BA(Hons) in Maori at Canterbury Christchurch and Dunedin. University and affiliates to Kati Irakehu and Kati Waewae as well as to Onuku ROnanga. Juliet has been working part time with the Claim's Team over the last two years and It's a fun, colourful, interactive learning resource to assist is a member of the Board of Trustees for Maori Legal Services. Whenever possible the revitalisation of Kai Tahu reo and tikaka. It provides she is a kaimahi back at Onuku. She has tutored Maori language and law. Juliet is a a cyberspace marae/whare wanaka for Kai Tahu rakatahi current member of the Canterbury University Women's Touch Team. that has input and ownership from kaumatua, ROnaka, Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu and rakatahi. The bright graphics, children's games, waiata and stories will entertain and delight people of all ages. The site will be Pamela (Suzy) Waaka updated bi-monthly. Pamela, mother of two, is in her third year studying for a Bachelor of Health Studies Book, audio and CD Rom resources of the content on (BHS) through Te Wananga 0 Raukawa. Suzy affiliates to Kati Huirapa and to Awarua the website will be produced and made available at cost Runanga. She is currently the secretary of Te Rau Aroha Marae komiti and president price through Ngai Tahu Development Corporation by of the Arahi Maori Women's Welfare League as well as being the health representative August/September 1998. for Awarua ROnanga. Link up with our site at: http://ToiRakatahi.ngaitahu.iwi.nz and look out for the mischievous patupaearehe 'Taiohi' Ceceleah Win as he goes through hair raising adventures and pops Ceceleah is in her first year of study for a BSc in Human Nutrition at Otago University. up in the most unexpected places. Ceceleah affiliates to Kati Huirapa and Kati Waewae ROnaka. She is a past member of He Rangatahi 0 Te Waitaki and was a korimako participant. Ceceleah is well aware of the cultural factors in good and bad diets and hopes that through her studies she will eventually be able to address these issues in a way Maori can relate to.
Maatakiwi Wakefield Maatakiwi is in her first year studying for a BA in Maori at Canterbury University. Maatakiwi affiliates to Kati Wheke, Kati Irakehu and Kai Tuahuriri and to ka rOnaka 0 Rapaki, Taumutu, Onuku, Mako and Tuahiwi. Maatakiwi has already completed a Diploma of Maori at Christchurch Polytechnic and tutors Maori part time. She is a keen weaver and a member of Te Ahikaaroa culture group and Te Roopu Waiata Maori (NZ Maori choir). In the past she has tutored kapahaka groups.
Jason's Apple Crumble Mullins
2 litres milk 10 medium apples, coarsely grated 700 gms wholemeal flour 600gms butter, melted J 700 gms white flour 600 gms bran 100 gms butter 600 gms brown sugar 150 gms pecan nuts - ground 400 mls maple syrup 150 gms brown sugar 50 gms baking powder Boil milk and add to dry ingredients, adding melted butter. last. 25 gms baking soda Pipe into buttered muffin tins and sprinkle crumble mix o-n top. 8 eggs Bake for 40 minutes at 1800 (150 0 our oven).
38 TE KARAKA Maka r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1998 TE KARAKA 39 I I II I I I I I I The Origin nah I I PRODUCT ORDER FORM I There are at east three distinct roupings of Polynesia, is associated with the earliest aming I 'Waitaha'. ihe first of these is'a grouping that claims traditions of Te Wai Pounamu. It was Rakaihautu's Ngai Tahu Development Corp. Toi Rakatahi T-Shirts - 815.00 I that the NQrth anCl'n outh Island Waitaha tribes are k5 (digging tool) that formed the lakes and T-Shirts - Black 818.00,White 815.00 Black with Taiohi Black or white with Ngai Tahu Development Corp. one and the s me antl is on the internet proclaiming mountains of the South Island. One example of his logo/slogan Caps - 815.00 Black with Ngai Tahu Development Corporation logo a 500,000 year whaRapapa. This places its origins work can be seen in the name of Lake Ellesmere Sports Bags - 825.00 some 100,000 year before Neanderthal man. Te Kete Ika a Rakaihautu (Rakailiautu.:s food Black and blue with orange Ngai Tahu Development Tamariki Number Wall Frieze Corporation logo 85.00 Beanies - 818.00 Tamariki Alphabet Wall Frieze who are part of the Arawa Confederation of tribes. Individuals involvea in the Ngai TaHu claim have Black with Ngai Tahu Development Corporation logo/ slogan 85.00
------~ The Wail ha tfiat Ngii Tah acl(now edges are those people with Order Details legitimate inter sts, in MiD!'. terms, tthin the Ngii I hu takiwa and Complete the order form below and mail or phone your details to: Product Orders, Ngai Tahu Development who are members 01 Ngai Tahu whanui as amatter 01 hakapapa. Corporation, PO Box 13-046, CHRISTCHURCH. Telephone: 03-371 0180.
NAME PHONE No. _ ttiese people do not descend from one of the three worked for years on man 19th century manuscripts
POSTAL ADDRESS _ streams of escent of the Ngai Tahu iwi. Te in which the oral traditions n whakapapa of Te
Waipounamu Waitaha descend from Rakaihautu, Wai Pounamu are recore . Tiley have had the
while the Arawa Waitaha descend from Waitaha, a opportunity to stuay the origins of the three major PRODUCT COLOUR QUANTITY PRICE BLACK WHITE son of Hei, who was the brother of Tamatekapua streams of descent which have~historicallY'gone to XXL L XXL L of the Arawa canoe. form the present €Jay Ngai Tahu Wlianui. ose NTDC T-Shirts :r Toi Rakatahi T-Shirts SML XL XXL XXXL Sports Bags The Waitaha that Ngai Tahu acknowledges are Beanies and Waitaha. .4:s mentioned earlier, those people with legitimate interests, in Maori Caps 'Waitaha' is generic and denotes a varie Tamariki Number Wall Frieze terms, within the Ngai Tahu takiwa and who are Tamariki Alphabet Wall Frieze Postage and Handling" $5.00 members of Ngai Tahu whanui as a matter of Rapuwai and Kahui Tipoa, amongst oth,ers. "Up to five items within New Zealand: other quantities and destinations negotiable whakapapa. These Waitaha were amongst the TOTAL PRICE earliest occupants of Te Wai Pounamu. It is a The following pages briefly examine the origins of Payment Options generic term and is also sometimes used to WaitaHa. The views are largely,; those of many of o Cheque attached (Make payable to NTDC) Credit Cards: 0 Visa 0 Mastercard 0 Other describe a specific tribal group said to descend from our Kaumatua alive betwee the 19608 an the
Card No. the exploring ancestor Rakaihautu of the Uruao 1980s and are based on the old I:listorical canoe. This ancestor, who a so features in the manuscripts from the last century. Expiry Date _ / Signature _ whakapapa of Rarotonga and,Othepparts of eastern continued over the page
40 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makari'i I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 41 (LINE 1) Tairawhiti I Heretaunga Rarotonga I Tairawhiti I Taitokerau
(LINE 2) The adjacent diagram is designed to commonly ascribed to Waitaha generally only the 'surplus' show the tribal origins of Ngai Tahu within Te Waipounamu suggests that population moved, the gre ter Whanui in the form of 'blocks' of the latest departure poi t for that proportion remaining to form the fou dations of tlie iwi that we today Mamoe / Paikea / Pre-Kahungunu Waitaha -"'-~ l-r whakapapa flowing over time, from tradition was from the Tairaw iti the earliest known ance9tral sources (East Coast) region of the north aSSOCiate with those areas. island. This may be seen in t to the present. It is nu''mbered by By way of example, Tahupotiki, tlie consideration of ego the Arai-Te-Uru 'time layer' or period. eponymous ancestor of 'Ngai Tahu' traditions, the Tawhaaki traditions was a Paikea desoendant who wa,s and the Maori traditions. In tpes,!:! born at Whangara, north of Line 1 traditions there is marked similarities Glsporne. He lived fiis latter life in (LINE 3) with the Tairawhiti v,ersions as the Mangatu area near Gisborne and disti'1ct from the Taitokerau and Tbis iIIustr tes the regions in which by the time of his grandson, Rarotongan versions. the early anc~§try coalesced into he aliumurihape, his line is at Iwitea Tuhaitara = Kuri Mamoe = Waitaha ea Iy tribal rappings named 0r (Mahia). Within another two idE3 tified in t e traditions. Numerous tine 2 generations, his line has shifted to ncestors named in this phase are the area near Cape Kidnappers and the same as persons named in within a further two generations to Describes a period judged to be Pacific Island whakapapa especially Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington). ~ ~ ~ centered on the 14th century. In this from the Cook Isla a and Society (LINE 4) Island groups. This suggests that period the Tairawhiti tribes, One of the groups who coalesced fney were either regarded as characterised by their ties through into an iwi around the ancestor migrating ncestors or names, the the ancestor Paikea, were beginning Hotumamoe in the Otatara, Heipipi traditions0f which have been to become dominant in what is now and Ahuriri areas (Taradale/Napier) (5x) Ngai Tahu - Kati M8,moe imported into New Zealand. This tI'le Gisborne region and other was a group which was to become 'migration of tradition' (as distinct groups now widely recognised as known as Ngati (Kati) Mamoe. They from the traditions of migration) is a dis inct tribal entities in that region were to become reasonably well recognised usage in cultu(e5 anq southwards to the Mahia numerous. This phase of Kati reliant on oral tradition. Peninsula, were beginning to take Mamoe development was a coalition tf.leirearliest formation, for example of descent from Tairawhiti-sourced The source of all of the non-Waitaha Ronge Whakaata, Ngai Tamanuhiri, Waitaha together with Ruapani and whakapapa is Tairawhiti and Teo/Aitanga-a-Mahaki and Ruapani. Kurahaupo groupings. This block of Heretaunga (East Coast ana descent continued through Hawkes Bay respectively) with a At broa Iy the same time, other generations of different ascriptions particular emphasis on Turanganui groups belonging to the Kurahaupo and survives today as one of the a-Kiwa (Gisborne regiolil). These Waka traditi'~;m were beginning to contributing sources of modern Ngati origin whakapapa are well known coalesce in th Mahia and Wairoa Kahungunu. A section of them was and commonly shared, in art, with areas. These geoples may be later to migrate southwards into Te tribes such as Ngati PormJ, Rongo ch1aract~rise as being linked by Waipounamu. Whakaata, Te Aitanga-a-Mahaki, tHeir ties to the Kuratiatlp artcE3stor Ngai Tamanuhiri, Rongomaiwahine Whatonga. l:hese tribes were to The last group in this tilT)e layer, is and Ngati Kahungunu. become in ti e KnlDwn as Ngai Tara, a group designated 'Pre The source of the Waitahatradition Rangitane Ng""ati Apa aDd Kanungunu'. This is the admixture is a more complex issue but has a MuaupoKo, q,owever, in this period of peoples, very. largely of large measure of congruency in the -they areanlikelyto have carried Kurahaupo descent, who 'laid the Ngai Tahu - Ngati Mamoe form of common traditions and place tnose ascripticms and are more seed-bed' of modern Ngati namig with arotonga, Mauke, generally. described as 'Te Tini 0 Toi', Kahungunu in the Heretaunga and Western Tai Tokerau (Northland) and Whatonga having been a son (or Wairarapa areas in particular Tairawhiti (East Coast). "Fraditions grandson) of ToL It stiQuld be noted (although that modern ascription and whakapapa of Rakaihautu, the that the earliest knowl1l Kurahaupo now includes the people of the whole eponymous ancestor of Waitaha, in traditions Within New Zealand are in area from Mahia to Palliser Bay). particu ar, are well known in the norttlerl'il,parts of Taltokerau. (LINE 7) This grouping which assembled and Ramtonga. There is some linguistic With increasing popul'ation in the divided and re-assembled in the and archaeological evidence which Gisborne and Mahia c ntres, these HeretaungalWairarapa area over the suggests links to the Marquesas two groupings of people undertook next two centuries, featured such Islands but that is fragmentary and gradual diaspora into the 'Napier' groups as the powerful Ngati Ira who Ngai Tahu Whanui not relied on in this context. region and into the Heretaunga were sourced from Tairawhiti, the Internal evidence within traditions Plains. It should be emphasised that people who were to become Ngati
42 TE KARAKA Makariri I Win t e r 1 9 9 8 Makarir; I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 43 r
Whatia-apiti of Te Hauke and the Hine aka and his son, Maru, married the leader of Ngai Tahu, Te emergent Ngai Tara ard Rangitane sisters who were of Ngati I(a and Hautapunuiotu and the leader of Kati tribes. The Kati Mamoe element had Mamoe descent. Mamoe, Te Rakiihia, married into a strong presence amongst them each other's families and locked the and it was their connections with chiefly descent in Te Waipounamu Waitaha which inserted the latter into Une4 together. the mix. This time layer is judged to cover fA section of Kati Mamoe dissented It was in this time layer that the approximately the 17th century. It from the rokopai and the new allies breakaway sections of Kati Mamoe contains the evolution of the 'five turned on hem and defeated them carrying their Waitaha descent within primary hapO' of Ngai Tahu from their utterly. Since that time, the two tribes ttiem began the process of migration early mixed origins, chiefly the have continually reinforced their into Te Waipounamu. The traditions intermarriage between tnemselves common descent to Hie point where suggest that some migrants of and the warfare and intermarriage today they are indistinguishable. It Waitaha descent preceded this with the Kati Mamoe (comprised of should be noted that Mamoe carried movement and it is regarded as an a Mamoe - Waitaha mix) ho had their Waitaha descent into this union. open guestion as whether these migrated into Te Waipounamu There re some few important came out of the same sources or previously. marriages in the whakapapa in The Launch of the South Island Customary migrated directly fro some of the which a Waitaha ancestor of Some of the migrating ancestors other Waitaha sources in the Pacific 'unmixed' descent married directly from within this group migrated Nga Hau e Wha Marae or, as appears more likely, from into the Ngai Tahu iwi grouping made directly fro the Gisborne area into Taitokeral!l. Most of the evidence for up of the five primary hapO referred Te Waipounamu, although most 2nd·3rd May 1998 this Mamoe - Waitaha migration is to above. An example is the marriage reflect in their descent the slower fragmentary and derived from fairly of Punahikoia of Waitaha to the diaspora process referred to above. narrowly based whakapapa. The migrating ancestor Te Rakitamau evidence relating to the other groups An example of the former is on this time layer is much stronger Tuteahuka who was born in and more extensive. Tura ganui (Gisborne) and died in UneB Kaik6ura. This time layer covers the mid-19th It is fair to say that this time layer century to the late 20th century and Une3 reflects a process which was reflects the fact that the evolution of cnmplete within three to four This time layer covers a period what might be called the heritage of generations. In that time the five judged to be from roughly. the late Te Kereme (The Claim), which major hapil blocks had become 15th century to the early 17th dates from its earliest articulation in distinct with distinct southern century. It saw the formation into 1849, has featured the ascription identities and acted very much as an distinct descent groups of the tribes 'Ngai Tahu - Ngati Mamoe'. which were to undertake the iwi. It is not clear at which stage that migration into Te Waipounamu and iwi began to be identified as 'Ngai This duality reflects the ongoing the interconnections between these Tahu' as distinct from the 'blocks' of consciousness of these two streams groups, the marriages, warfare and descent of which it was comprised. of descent in the identity of the tribe. migrating traditions are well recorded By the early 18th century, this group It has further been consistently in the 'main-frame' whakapapa of had become C10mjrlant within the acknowledged that the older tribes modern Ngai Tahu. present Ngai 'fahu takiwa but this mixed in with Mamoe such as dominance was by no means Rapuwai, Hawea and Kahui TiRua It is important to note that the two unchallenged. are part and parcel of that identity. main migrating 'blocks' (Tuhaitara Whilst not distinct, the presence of and KurT) were very substantially of that older descent within modern Mamoe descent in their North Island Un8'5 Ngai Tahu is accorded varying origins. values by different members of the This time layer is characterised as To illustrate, the ancestor Tuhaitara, tribe. an event - the Rokopai or after whom those migrating were peacemaking at Poupoutunoa near called at the time of the m1gration, Clinton in Southland. That event is was of half Mamoe descent and her Une7 a defining one in the evolution of husband, Marukore, was full modern Ngai Tahu Whanui. It is This reflects the present phase. The Mamoe. The Paikea and Ngati Ira believed to have occurred in the late term 'Ngai Tahu Whanui' is a lines which fed into the migrating 17th or early 18th century. contemporary usage resorted to for group of Ngati Tuhautara were the purpose of describing and relatively narrow. Again, the ancestor fter; a long bout of vigorous warfare defining the total inclusive collective Purahonui, who led the Kati KurT between the Ngai Tahu iwi and the of the Ngsi Tahu iwi.•~ migration into Te Waipounamu, was Kati Mamoe iwi, a peace was married to a full Mamoe woman, negotiated at Poupoutunoa in which Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 45 44 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 ~.;-:J~."::C:':.ili.:.:=::;;JI---==-----_-':~-~~------ ~
F THE "ANCIENT NATION" There is also no need to impose the continued from page 4 @ Ngi Reta Modern discoveries of an ancient people findings and understandings of one UU1J which suddenly emerge from the "mists discipline on top of the other. These 9th tribe 8& the tribunal @ of time" and burst into print 5,000 years Century arrivals and the Waitaha are not Across 9 KARAWEKO after they allegedly arrived in the country, necessarily one and the same people witnesses, and approached the rear-vision mirror 1. Murihiku ~ I was pleased to read Moana Tipa's take some understanding. But more than but we appear to accept without question inquiry with preconceptions. On the 7. Kea 9 article 'Let the House Speak' (Te Karaka, that, if there is little or no evidence to that they are. Subsequently as new contrary, searching questions were 10. Aha 9 UU1J Spring 1997). Two small errors though, support those discoveries, they take a archaeological evidence presents itself, c:=::::J firstly (a typo?) the article refers to "....Te leap of faith. Yet in the case of the further permission is given to Waitaha asked of witnesses by Tribunal 11. Atiati ~ Puhirere, Mere Whariu and their son "Ancient Nation of Waitaha", this blind to expand their story. New scientific members and by Crown counsel. 13. No ~ Karaweko". (1820-1886) Karawekowas and potentially dangerous leap is what evidence equates to a new chapter in Ngai Tahu had the burden of proving 14. Ai (]fjiJ the husband, not son, of Mere Whariu (c the history of Waitaha. These recent If you spot someone you know in the media and others suggest we all every claim made, which was 15. Tua b 1830 - 1887). Karaweko's parents were need to take. claimants, to previously unimagined town, naturally you raise your eye Te Puhirere and Tapuraki. antiquity within Aotearoa, have had a entirely proper, in view of what was 16. Uta UU1J Using ancient whakapapa and tradition brows. That means "Hello". If you 9 Secondly, the article claimed thatAmiria rapid rise to credibility. at stake for all parties. If argument 18. Tao to determine historical fact is a complex hold your eyebrows a split-second @J @ Puhirere, Karaweko's daughter, was business. It requires straddling a In reality, the "Ancient Nation's" claims and debate form the path to truth, 21. Hieki over 100 years of age when she died in longer, that means "How are you". traditional Maori world view and a exist in a vacuum. They are standing then it should be remembered that 23. Konini 1944. Much as I would like to believe If you are feeling particularly chatty, western scientific world view. alone in a fictitious wilderness devoid of every part of the Ngai Tahu claim CU1J this family legend, baptismal records accepted historical research, scholar 27. Akiaki 9 This straddling has been attempted often you could ask "Hao?" prove otherwise - the Canterbury ship or fact. The "Waitaha Nation" as was considered and argued over 28. Riaki ~ ~ over the last century with whakapapa Baptismal Register shows that Amiria such, does not and did not exist. four times: by the Ngai Tahu team, Two people travelling in opposite 31. Tohake was born in November 1855. She died being poked and prodded by many @ The balanced seekers of Pakehajustice by the Crown team, by Professor directions on the back of open trucks UU1J 27th July 1944. scholars, both Maori and Pakeha, in an 33. lana attempt to determine its usefulness have meticulously sifted through the Ward and finally by the Tribunal can have a rich and rewarding I am a direct descendant of all these 34. Ko ~ within anthropological, archaeological historical information surrounding the members themselves. conversation with a combination of UU1J people. Ngai Tahu proposal for settlement, but 35. Ora o and historical thinking. But whakapapa flashing eyes and teeth and waving o @J Mr Cheyne C McDowall is neither science nor history, just as the have not so much as raised their The Tribunal upheld many claims 36. Pu o ROTORUA tohunga (priests) of last century, our magnifying glass to the ludicrous claims arms and legs. Not a word is said. c:=::::J relating to the conduct of the Crown 38. Au most reliable source of authentic of the "Ancient Nation". These scholars purchase agents, to the total Western visitors often complain 39. Kia NZ COCKLES IN ITALY tradition, were neither scientists nor of convenience have been laughably 9 inadequacy of the land left to Ngai On reading your article on the historians. Whakapapa is the chronicle seduced by the opportunity to collect about the lack of service in the 40. Uakaha @ Koukourarata cockle beds I was of our origin. further fuel for the anti-Ngai Tahu fire. Tahu, to mahinga kai, to the Crown's Solomon Islands. 43. Ngakau reminded of my resolve to protest or A chapter within this chronicle talks of Ngai Tahu has many tribal historians and minimal attempts to make redress 44. Roa ~ make known my concern about being archivists. They are the storehouses of For a start, it is not easy to tell who the Waitaha people -sailing here upon since the purchases, and to the way 46. Eke served "NZ scallops" in an Italian their canoe, Uruao. It talks of their leader, knowledge and the analysts of tribal is a shop assistant and who is just in which the Crown has dealt with 47. Ai Restaurant earlier this year in Boston. Rakaihautu, trampling the land, digging tradition. They are our elder kaumatua leaning against the counter waiting and our younger academics. The Ngai Ngai Tahu land since the purchases. Taau (Tau) An enormous price was paid for these the lakes of central South Island and for something to happen. No-one 48. thumb-nail size cockles. I asked to see settling here with his people. The Tahu, Ngati Mamoe and Waitaha would dream of asking if they can the package and was not pleased to see Waitaha narrative is one of many which ancestors who first mastered literacy, left Down these were local - (Dunedin/Peninsula) serve to explain, through ancient eyes, behind an invaluable written resource. help you. It is up to the customer to 1. Manuhiri cockles. The beds must be getting ~ who we were and how we got here, how Some found its way to the publishing .. .every part of tbe make contact. When you have houses although much has remained in 2. Uho li depleted if this is an example of the the land was formed, named and settled decided what you want to buy, you product. Your article suggests getting in tribal hands and is as yet unpublished. 3. Ra and how we are connected with other Ngii Tabu claim was catch the assistant's eye, naturally contact with the policy team in Dunedin iwi and with our homelands. These written remnants have been 4. Heitiki but I do not know how to contact this coupled with the traditions transferred enough, by raising your eyebrows. But tradition needs to be read in its entire considered and argued 5. Katokato group. Could you please advise. by word of mouth to give us a A direct stare may be considered context. This includes fantastic stories comprehensive understanding of who 6. Utu Who profits from these ventures? The of canoes which turn into mountains, confrontational, even rude. we are and where we come from. over four times ... 7. Ka Processors or the Restaurants or Ngai ancestors travelling on rainbows, packs Tahu. of two-headed dogs and gigantic birds There are no longer any surprises when If you want to know how much an 8. Ete Wendy Silva consuming innocent villagers. This is the it comes to our whakapapa. From time item costs, you could ask "Hao 9. Ai to time we receive a jewel of However, the Tribunal rejected some DUNEDIN tradition that western academics find a musT, or you could save the effort 12. la little hard to swallow. It is these same enlightenment, particularly when we gain claims; most importantly, that the a new understanding about an old by pointing to the item and raising 17. Ae PLEASE HELP academics who have the need to interior of the island - the hole in the problem. But the present extant of our your eyebrows in a questioning way. 19. li I believe I am a descendant of Te determine precise historical moments in middle - and Fiordland had not been time and to calculate exact boundaries knowledge and its parameters are well 20. Ki Wharerauaruhe (Koki) and Mathew understood. So when a very obvious part of Kemp's Purchase and the The shop assistant will probably Hamilton who were married in Akaroa, between myth and reality, between 22. Kaka acceptable and non-acceptable Maori square shows up claiming to be a circle Murihiku Purchase. The Tribunal point at a price tag you should be September 1845, most probably by the we are suspicious and we discard it. 24. Oko Reverend Charles Creed, the Maori tradition. They selected the Waitaha also found that the Tenths had not able to see for yourself, but really, missioner visiting there at the time. story some time ago as inhabiting the Similar to Bob Jones' New Zealand been part of the agreement in you should know how much a can 25. Niho outer reaches of acceptable. Party, the 'Ancient Nation' are no more They had three children, Thomas, 26. Nikau than a flash in the pan. A keen eye for Otakou. These matters can be of tuna (or whatever) costs. Money Marguerite Elizabeth and Jane. I would The present limits of archeaological sensationalism and a gullible audience, debated in historical terms, but Ngai changes hands. You could say 29. la like to know what happened to Jane, also technology allows us to paint a they will provide the media with a few 30. Aneane where Te Wharerauaruhe was born, hypothetical picture of the antiquity of Tahu has accepted the Tribunal's "Tanggio too mus," but it is not really months of controversy. But we are died, tribal affiliations etc. The mother of man within the South Island. According findings as the basis for a settlement necessary. A polite nod of the head 32. Araara satisfied that the 'Ancient Nation' will Te Matenga Taiaroa was also named to this picture, an Eastern Polynesian with the Crown. Whatever else might is sufficient, so why waste words and 34. Kuaka people arrived in the South Island some ultimately dissipate and its constituent Wharerauaruhe and I feel there must be be said, the Tribunal's enquiry was valuable energy. 36. Pua a connection between the two. time in the 9th or 10th Century. We know members will return from whence they came. For many this means returning the most exhaustive that had ever 37. Kau If someone could enlighten me on this this through the excavation particularly As one astute observer of the culture of ancient moa butchery sites and the to their home marae and whanau. We been made into the Crown's 39. Koe subject, I would greatly appreciate it. will accept them. We can do nothing here put it: "Melanesians are subsequent carbon dating of the material dealings with an iwi group. And if the 41. Kai Noho ora mai koe discovered within them. There is an else. At the end of the day they have minimalists." Three words. Very length of the Tribunal's report is any 42. Mau Naku na Gillian Kaka accepted degree of error within this nowhere else to go. economical. Paraha Road, RD1, Kawakawa dating process but it certainly does not Tahu P6tiki indication, it is a record which looks 45. Oa BAY OF ISLANDS extend to a millennium either side. CHRISTCHURCH likely to endure for some time.• Welcome to Melanesia.• 46 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1998 Makariri I Winter 1998 TE KARAKA 47 Tamariki Ma and we'll put your name into the draw.
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