The American Legion Magazine [Volume 73, No. 2 (August 1962)]

The American

AUGUST 1962 Volume 7i, Number 2 Cover by Walter Richards

POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis 6. Ind. LEGION The American Legion Magazine is published monthly at 1100 West Broadway. Louisville. Ky., Magazine by The American Legion. Copy- right 1962 by The American Le- gion. Second-class postage paid at Louisville. Ky. Price: single copy. IS cents; yearly subscrip- Contents for August 1962 tion. $1.50. Nonmember sub- scriptions should be sent to the Circulation Department of The American Legion Magazine, P.O Box 1055, Indianapolis 6. Ind. THE BIG ISSUE -PRO & CON ARGUMENTS ON THE QUESTION: CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis 6, Ind., "DO WE HEED AH 'EQUAL RIGHTS' AMEHDMEHT FOR WOMEH?" 4 using Post Office Form 3578. At- tach old address label and give pro: REP. KATHARINE ST. GEORGE (R-N.Y.) 28th District old and new addresses and current membership card number. con: REP. EMANUEL CELLER (D.-N.Y.) 11th District Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. KEY TARGETS OF THE COMMUNISTS 10 The American Legion Executive and BY HON. GORDON H. SCHERER Administrative Offices the House Committee on Un-American Activities Indianapolis 6. Indiana A member of Charles L. Bacon, National answers a question that puzzles many: How can a few thousand Commander, The American Le- communists exert such'a disproportionate amount of influence? gion, Indianapolis 6, Ind.

The American Legion Publica- tions Commission: WONDERS OF THE WESTERN WORLD 12 Edward McSweeney, Armonk, N. Y. (Chairman): Dan W. BY PETE CZURA Emmett, Palo Alio, Calil., Frank C. Love. Syracuse, N. Y., and Within easy driving distance of Las Vegas are many of America's Morris Meyer. Starkville, Miss. greatest scenic attractions. This is a brief travel guide which (Vice Chairmen): Lang Arm- will help you plan your trip to or the Legion Convention. strong, Spokane, Wash.; Charles from E. Booth, Huntington, W. Va.; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.: Roland Cocreham, Baton Rouge. La.: E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, PRISONERS OF WAR FOR SALE 14 Fla.: Clovis Copeland, Little Rock, Ark.: Paul B. Dague, BY MAI. GEN. HAYDON L. BOATNER Downinglown, Pa.: Raymond An officer who learned the hard way about prisoners war Fields. Guymon. Okla.: Dave H. of Fleischer, St. Louis, Mo.; Hcr- points out that the ground rules have been changed by the com- schiel L. Hunt. El Tex.: Campo, munists and it is time we revised our thinking on the subject. George D. Levy. Sumter, S. C.i Dr. Charles R. Logan. Keokuk, Iowa: Lewis E. McCray. Tusca- loosa, Ala.: Earl L. Meyer. Al- liance, Neb.: Robert Mitchler, DOES THE MANAGER REALLY COUNT? 16 Oswego, III.; Harold A. Shind- ler. Lafayette, Ind.; William F. BY EDWARD PRELL Taylor. Greensbitrg, Ky.; Benja- In days of yore managers of baseball clubs were men of stature. min B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn. But these erstwhile giants have become less important, and now they merely carry out the orders the general manager. The American Legion Magazine of Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue New York 19, New York LEGIONNAIRES OVER THERE 18 Publisher, James F. O'Neil In April a group of Legionnaires traveled to Europe in a plane Editor Joseph C. Kcelcy they had chartered themselves to learn at first hand something about foreign policy. Here are some of the things they found out. Managing Editor Robert B. Pitkin Art Editor LOGIC Al Marshall LADYLIKE ..20

Associate Editor BY HAL CHADW1CK John Andreola Further evidence that no man should ever underestimate the Editorial Assistant power of a woman to do the unpredictable and irrational. Eli L. Kerins

Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 23 Indianapolis, Ind.

Advertising Director Robert P. Redden Departments Midwestern Adv. Mgr. Norman C. Schoen PERSONAL 2 NEWSLETTER 21 Midwestern Advertising Sales Office SAID IT 6 BRIEFLY ABOUT BOOKS 31 35 East Wacker Drive YOU Chicago 1, Illinois SHOPPER 43 West Coast Adv. Rep. EDITOR'S CORNER 8 LEGION Blanchard-Nichols Assoc. 633 S. Westmoreland Ave. ROD & GUN CLUB 9 PARTING SHOTS 48 Los Angeles 5, Calif, and 900 Third St. Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, San Francisco 7, Calif. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. THE SALK INSTITUTE BUILDING FUND, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SPONSORED BY THE NATIONAL FOUNDATION THROUGH THE MARCH OF DIMES N'F .

MEN PAST40

Afflicted With Getting Up Nights, Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, Nervousness, Tiredness. If are victim of above symp- you a the WITH EVERYDAY PROBLEMS toms, the trouble may be due to Gland- INFORMATION THAT CAN HELP YOU ular Inflammation. A constitutional Dis- ease for which it is futile for sufferers to try to treat themselves at home. Many a man has packed his kids off to college, haunted by the thought that To men of middle age or past this the free-and-easy credit available these days might tempt his youngsters into type of inflammation occurs frequently. financial shenanigans. Legal will tell off is It is often accompanied by despond- experts you right that there no ency, emotional upset and other mental quick way to buy peace of mind in this area, but that you can guide your and nervous reactions. Neglect of such thinking in the right direction by remembering that: Inflammation causes men to lose their vigor, grow old prematurely and often 1) In a general way, when your ''infant" or minor purchases necessities, leads to incurable conditions. you can be held responsible for payment. Most men, if treatment is taken in 2) On anything else, the seller takes the risk. time, can be successfully NON-SURGI- For this reason — and because definitions, laws, and exceptions are so com- CALLY treated for Glandular Inflam- plex — financial institutions mation. If the condition is aggravated many vendors and have worked out their own by lack of treatment, surgery may be rules for dealing with minors. Here are some of the precautions: the only chance. • Installment credit: The big finance companies thoroughly check out all applicants. Youngsters usually can't make the grade, except on tuition plans. N0N-SUR6/CAL TREATMENTS • Charge accounts: Employment is a key criterion here. If the applicant The NON-SURGICAL New Type treat- is dependent on you, he's going to get a fine-screening before he can charge ments used at the Excelsior Medical anything. Clinic are the result of discoveries in • Credit cards: The rule at American Express is that you must be 21 and recent years of new techniques and drugs plus over 20 years research by earn $7,500 a year. • scientific technologists and Doctors. Securities (stocks and bonds) : It's a brave broker who will trust any- Men from all walks of life and from body under 21. over 1,000 communities have been suc- On the other hand, an "infant" can do the following: Open a savings or cessfully treated here at Excelsior Springs. checking account (it's to the judgment of the bank) buy life insurance They found soothing and com- up ; forting relief and health life. new in (generally after age 15); buy auto insurance (if he has legal possession of a vehicle and a driver's license) RECTAL-COLON EXAMINATION DISORDERS There's still enough warm weather left this year to make certain safety AT LOW COST Are often associated with Glandu- reminders timely. Note these in particular: When you arrive lar Inflammation. We can treat these • If you attend the Seattle World's Fair and then decide to drive into at the clinic, our you disorders for British Columbia (Canada), be sure your car insurance is up to snuff. Along doctors — who have at the same time years of experience we treat Glandular with its many scenic wonders, British Columbia has exceptionally stiff cov- Inflammation. in this field — make erage requirements -at least $25,000/$25,000 bodily injury and $25,000 prop- a complete examina- REDUCIBLE erty damage (this will go to $35,000 on Jan. 1). Check with your insurance tion. Your condition HERNIA company to see whether you're in the clear; otherwise your vehicle could be is frankly explained Is also amenable and then you decide to a mild non- impounded if you have a mishap. Elsewhere in Canada, the insurance re- surgical treatment if you will take the that we have de- quirements are $5,000 and up, depending on the province. treatments needed. veloped. Full de- • With 7,000,000 pleasure boats scooting around, some 3,000 accidents are Our treatments are tails of this treat- so mild, hospitaliza- ment are given In expected this year. If you have a homeowner's "package" insurance policy, our Free Book. tion is not required. your craft will have free bodily injury and property damage coverage, provided it's a small job (rowboat, canoe, little sailboat, outboard motor not in Write Today For Our excess of 10 h.p., or inboard not over 50 h.p.). Anything more powerful Our New Free Book gives facts that may requires an extra payment; ditto sailboats 26 ft. and longer. save you painful, expensive surgery. Tells HOW and Explains Those aerosol tire inflators you see advertised all over for around $4.95 WHY NON-SURGICAL are catching on so fast that a king-^ze version (by National Dynamics) is treatment methods are coming out for trucks. Meantime, at least one auto manufacturer seriously so successful today. Write today. No obliga- has been considering the substitution of an aerosol can for a spare tire and tion. wheel. It would bring the price of the car down, of course. EXCELSIOR Whatever the case, the aerosol kits consist of a pressurized container which MEDICAL CLINIC emits gas plus butyl latex into a tire, thus performing both an inflating and i Dept B 1 1 5 1 sealing job. Most makers frankly advertise their wares as emergency kits, Excelsior Springs, Mo. designed to get out of a jam temporarily. has great. J you Business been Gentlemen: Kindly send me at once, your ' New FREE Book. I am interested in full J information (Please Check Box) Notes of the month: Hernia Rectal-Colon Glandular | INSTANT COLOR: Polaroid will put color film, with a two-minute de- Inflammation | velopment speed, on the market in time for the Christmas trade. Dealers NAME_ _ I figure the price will be in the $4-$5 per roll range. I ADDRESS- _ I APPLIANCES: TV sets with 23-inch screens again predominate manu- I TOWN- _ I facturers' lines. Meantime, more and more portable stereo phonographs I will be available, including a couple by Admiral with sing-along mikes. STATE. I .j By Edgar A. Grunwald

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUG UST 1962 !

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THIS MONTH'S BIG ISSUE: Do We Need An "Equal Rights

tels belonging first to their fathers, then to their hus- bands, and if they were spinsters, some male member PRO of the family took over and cared for them, sometimes well, sometimes badly. Rep. Katharine St. George (R-N.Y.) In most civilized nations today, women have full 28th District equality under the law and are able to receive equal The proposed "Equal Rights" pay for equal work. This is not true in the United Amendment to the Consti- States at present, and all the absurd talk about pro- tution was first introduced in tective legislation for women cannot obscure the fact Congress in 1923 and has been that women in this country still work under very real reintroduced in each Congress since. handicaps. Frequently this Joint Resolution has been referred We are constantly told that the women of our coun- to as an "Equal Rights Law for Women", but a more try have all the money, all the power in the world. If accurate description is "An Amendment Proposing it is true that the women of America are so powerful, Equal Rights for Men and Women." surely they should assume full responsibility and stop It is admitted, by even the most adamant foes, that in asking for special and unwarranted privileges. some States the laws still discriminate against women. I do not happen to know many women who want or This uneven situation, proponents seek to correct by need these special privileges, and when we come to the creating a basis for uniformity, equal justice and treat- matter of special legislation for the protection of spe- ment. cial groups in the United States, the Amendment will After ratification by three-fourths of the States, not change that at all. We have always had special there would be a three-year period for enactment by groups which were protected under the law, notably State Legislatures and by the Congress of specific our veterans, also the blind, the aged, the infirm, in- legislation which would preserve certain protections fants and others, so that argument is one of the most for women which have traditionally been regarded as puerile of all. in the public interest. The measure has been endorsed I sincerely believe that ratification of the "Equal in the platforms of both parties. Rights" Amendment would strengthen America, and What those favoring the Amendment want is simply carry forward the purposes of those who founded this equality under the law which, without a Constitutional Government on the principle that none be denied his Amendment, would be impossible throughout the 50 rights because of race, color or previous condition of States of the Union. servitude. We tend to forget that we have the oldest written Constitution in existence. When our Constitution was V written, women had few legal rights. They were chat-

// you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel on this

big issue, tear out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him >

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 rHE BIG ISSUES

Amendment For Women ?

the industries engaged, just as I decry the discrimina- tions and civil disabilities which women undeniably CON suffer under the laws of some of the States. What is needed in my opinion is a campaign in each State Rep. Emanuel Celler (D-N.Y.) addressed to the State Legislatures to remove such in- 11th District justices and inequities. Where such inequities involve Contrary to the belief of interstate commerce over which the Federal Govern- some groups favoring the ment has jurisdiction, the Government could act; but proposed "Equal Rights" to invade strictly State and local jurisdictions would Amendment, I am not opposed be totally unjustified and unconstitutional. to equal rights for the womanhood of this country. The proposed Constitutional Amendment is drasti- I do, however, oppose this Amendment to the Con- cally different from the Suffrage Amendment, the stitution because I firmly believe it would sweep away Nineteenth. That act met a specific ill with a specific many of the protective statutes formulated over more measure giving women the vote. The proposed "Equal than a century to safeguard the basic rights and safety Rights" Amendment would be an attempt to legislate of American women. the whole sphere of human behavior. The proposed Amendment, which has been before To use the Constitution of the United States for a Congress for almost 30 years is simply stated: "That broom to sweep away indiscriminately the good with equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or the bad is neither sound law nor sane behavior. abridged by the United States or by any State on ac- I have found it extremely difficult to find an ade- count of sex. Congress and the several States shall quate definition of "equal rights" for men and women. have power, within their respective jurisdictions, to How, for instance would rights be distinguished from enforce this article by appropriate legislation. This duties and duties from obligations? Would men be Amendment shall take effect three years after date of required to accept the standards traditionally the do- ratification." main of women, or would women be expected to accept

The enactment of this Amendment would, I believe, the standards of men including military service, hard thrust the Federal Government into areas of jurisdic- labor and survival of the fittest? tion reserved by the Constitution to the States and re- This proposed Amendment is unworkable, imprac- sult in widespread confusion not easily corrected. It tical and thoroughly misleading. would involve the Federal Government in domestic relations laws such as dower rights, custody of children, etc., and the police powers of the States and in other areas rightly reserved to State and local authority. I am a firm advocate of equal pay for equal work in

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

IN MY OPINION We Need We Do Not Need

I have read in The American Legion Magazine for August AN "EQUAL RIGHTS" AMENDMENT FOR WOMEN the arguments in PRO & CON on the subject: Do We Need SIGNED An "Equal Rights" Amendment For Women? ADDRESS.

TOWN _STATE_

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 5 .

SCOTCHING A RUMOR ship and crew were long on courage sir: Recently a co-worker asked my and determination, by any standards. wife ro save the cellophane strips from She was commissioned at Astoria, Ore., her cigarette packages. She explained on December 28, 1943. The Gambler that after a certain number of these Bay lived almost ten months. She was strips had been collected, they could sunk by gunfire from Vice Admiral be turned in (she did not say to Kurita's "Center Force" in the Battle whom), and a blind child would be off Samar on the morning of October gh en a Seeing Eye dog. Basically, the 25, 1944. I had the privilege of com- idea seemed to be worthwhile, but it missioning and commanding her dur- did not impress us as the sort of pro- ing most of her brief life span. Even gram w hich the Seeing Eye Founda- though I was not with her at the end, tion would sponsor; therefore, we I've always felt that the life and death wrote to their headquarters in Morris- of the Gainbier Bay is a story worth town, X. J., to obtain further infor- telling. On a recent trip to New York mation regarding this matter. Enclosed I found some friends in the publishing is a copy of the letter received in reply. business who agreed with me. Now Charles W. Richmond I'm going to write a book about the

Westerly, R. I. ship—our ship—and I need help. Do you remember the Bos'un's Mate who The Seeing Eye Inc. said: "There is no passed the word, "Now all those who in this it is truth whatsoever rumor— a have not done so . . . lay up to the cruel hoax which has caused a great Captain's cabin and do so immedi- deal of unhappiness, and we are con- ately!"? I hope you will lay up to my stantly making an effort to prevent its cabin, with anecdotes and interesting spreading. The only way a blind per- tidbits about the ship and crew. Men son may obtain a Seeing Eye guide dog who have never received any kind of and their actions gave life to the is to make direct application to The government farm subsidy, and are a Gambler Bay— it'll take men and their Seeing Eye, Inc." to give soul to the book I little tired of being represented as a memories The Editors. bunch of loafers who are being sup- want to write about her. ported by Uncle Sam. Hugh H. Goodwin Mrs. Paul iYIcConeghey Vice Admiral, U.S. Navy (Ret.) BIG BUT Monroe, Iowa 2828 Sloat Road sir: In "Pro & Con" for May Sen. Pebble Beach, Calif. Humphrey said, in part: "Each carefully-spent foreign aid dollar will re- FREE EATS pay itself many times over in national COMMENDATION sir: Just after I read Werner Keller's It not be proper for a Sl/c security." To most people this makes excellent "The Secret of Russia's Suc- sir: may pretty good sense but the trouble is to say "Well Done" to a Vice Ad- cess in Science" in the June issue, I that is what Vice Adm. that for every dollar we spend wisely turned to the papers to find Senator miral, but in foreign Goodwin deserves for his aid we seem to waste a Humphrey stating that the ban on aid Hugh H. Kind Words for Youth" thousand foolishly. The reckless to communistic countries voted yester- article "Some the issue of The American squandering of money in much of our day would bring a cancellation of the in May foreign aid is a sinful egion Magazine injustice to the joint Polish - American - Russian re- L T. Hearell American taxpayer. A check should search on cancer which appears to J. Ex-S lie USS Gambier Bay be put on this outpouring of money so have great potential. Senator Dirksen Danville, III. that it is spent wisely and carefully. said he changed his mind because he Ralph D. Williams discovered that the ban voted yester- Batavia, N. Y. day would curtail the sale of surplus WARNING farm crops. In short, we are going to sir: The second article of the ten give the reds their food free so that FARM FACTS original amendments to the Constitu- they may devote their time exclusively sir: The cartoon in your June issue tion of the United States provides that, to science and our destruction. What depicting withholding farm produc- well regulated Militia, being neces- egg-headed thinking! a tion is extremely misleading. I would sary to the security of a free State, George Q. St. George suggest that cartoonist Keller check the right of the people to keep and Chicago, 111. his figures before drawing any more bear arms, shall not be infringed. How farm cartoons. Instead of $600 a month can Congress reconcile that with the sir: I enjoyed "The Secret of Russia's for not raising wheat, a farmer gets on enactment of Public Law 87-297, the Success in Science." The article proves the average of $21.00 per acre a year. "Arms Control and Disarmament the truth of the saying in Russia that This boils down to about $7.00 a Act"? This law, together with H.R. that country's greatest invention is month on the average size diversified 613, makes possible the disarmament of Comrade Rcguspatoff (Reg. U.S. Pat. farm. Also, if cartoonist Keller had America and elimination of her Armed Off.). taken the trouble to check, he would Forces under the cloak of bureaucratic E. E. Mansell have found that there is no govern- secrecy. It may well be the back-door Kansas City, Mo. ment payment for not raising hogs and for the one-worlders to bring about cattle. Please reaffirm my faith in your the mandatory international world sir: I was so very glad to see the ex- magazine as one that prints the facts. court, repeal of the Connolly Reserva- cerpt from Werner Keller's important The general public is far too misin- tion, and subservience of American book "East Minus West = Zero," and formed as to present day farm con- sovereignty to some supcrbody. Le- hope that this will help it to "catch ditions as it is. gionnaires and all Americans would on" in this country. It was a best seller E. R. Vavra do well to arm themselves with a copy in Europe. Tobias, Nebr. 107, No. 165, The Congres- Mrs. Glenn Berry of Vol. sional Record, dated September 19, Onawa, Iowa sir: Most of the time I enjoy reading 1961, and make their views known to your magazine but the cartoon on their Congressmen. These gentlemen ." their page 46 of the June issue made me see "LAY UP TO . . have obviously not been reading red! First of all, it's incorrect. No one sir: She was a little ship, by carrier mail from home. is paid for not raising hogs or cattle. standards—the crew was short on ex- L. E. McNutt,

Believe it or not, there are some of us perience, by Navy standards—but the Orlando, Fla.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 ON SHELTERS

sir: Congratulations to your magazine and Dale Shaw for the excellent article, Will you invest a 4* stamp "Should You Build a Shelter?" in your June issue. Considering the vast to learn how to amount of derogatory and often harm- ful statements by self-styled "experts" that appear even in leading publica- tions, it is encouraging to see such scientifically prepare an open-minded, clearly-defined approach to this vital phase of national security. You have presented the prob-

lem factually and accurately, and it is our hope that many million Americans yourself for SUCCESS? will take note. Too many side issues have been raised, succeeding only in clouding up the picture and spreading doubt and confusion. Dale Shaw's statement, "The problem is how best you can defend yourself since defense is this your idea of success... is necessary," puts the decision squarely A boost in income that can end money worries forever j where it should rest—on the shoulders ] of every person who is concerned with Ability to get along with others in any situation | | survival, private or public. Job promotions that will help you get to the top in your field Frank F. Norton, President | ] National Shelter Association Greater family happiness f~~~| and enjoyment of your home life Lake Forest, III. Peace of mind from daily pressures and tensions | | ELIGIBILITY These are just a few of the many benefits that success can sir: It would seem, from reviewing bring. Unfortunately, 95 out of every 100 people never past history, that the primary social achieve true success. Not because they aren't . . reform required of a recipient of for- capable . but just because they eign aid is "coalition with the com- don't know how to scientifically munists." I refer to Poland of the mid- prepare for it. 40s, China, Katanga, and Laos. We You can learn how to become one of the select 5% who benefit from this "social reform" by enjoy success — if you will just send in the coupon below losing friendly allies and gaining ene- for more information about an amazing method of success mies. The benefits to the countries preparation. This is more than just who enter coalition governments with another book on success. It's a series communists appear to be contained in complete of lessons prepared by Napoleon one word, enslavement. Hill . . . author of Think and Grow Rich, whose writings Mrs. W. A. Triplett, have helped more people become successful than any other Odessa, Tex. living man.

These lessons . . . complete with individual instruction . . . WANTS THIRD BALLOT form the basis of a valuable home study course known as sir: I agree with the idea of including the PMA Science of Success. The proven principles taught ballots in your "Pro & Con" feature. in this course have been scientifically developed by over Why not include three ballots? We twenty years of research. Each lesson is filled with valuable have two Senators one and Congress- ideas that are ready and waiting to go to work for you. man. I have been writing letters on Thousands have already benefited from these practical "the big issues" since Hiram Johnson success principles. was our Senator. H. E. Christensen Regardless of your age, income, or occupation — this course Terra Bella, Calif. will scientifically prepare you for success. So take the first step now by just filling out and detaching the coupon below. Put it in THANKS an envelope and invest 4£ for postage. By return mail, you'll receive complete information about sir: The Minnesota Heart Association the PMA Science of Success course. wishes to extend a special message of thanks to The American Legion and Auxiliary for their unselfish efforts in NAPOLEON HILL the fight against heart disease. There INSTITUTE is little doubt that this cooperation and 5050 Broadway • Chicago 40, Illinois the help that we have received here in Minnesota from the Minnesota Legion- naires has been one of the Detach important | Gentlemen: factors in the continued success of the Please send me, without any charge or obligation, complete Heart Association. j and John B. Moyer, M.D., President information on the amazing PMA Science of Success course. Minnesota Heart Association, Inc. Mail

St. Paul, Minn. My Name is TODAY! (please print) j Street Address Letters published in You Said It! do not i necessarily represent the policy of The American Legion. Name withheld if re- City i . Zone .State quested. Keep your letters short. Address: You Said It, The American Legion Maga- AL862 zine. 720 Fifth Avenue. New York 19, N. Y.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 COLONIALISM charged. If the official is upheld in his stands to collect hen benny goodman made his recent contention, U Thant rent tour of the U.S.S.R., an incident oc- about $17,000. Clearly this kind of is than most Americans pay but it is curred in Tiflis that made the front pages. more only fitting and proper that The band's vocalist, Joya Sherrill, sang a obviously statesmen live in the style to song in Russian and an audience of 8,000 these global accustomed. became infuriated, hooting and whistling which they have become Incidentally, we wonder what hap- to show their anger. It was not that they million issue disliked Miss Sherrill or her singing, but pened to that $200 bond being floated the U.N. to obtain rhey iliiln't like the language. by permit this "They must really hate the Russians," money desperately needed to organization to attain its lofty, idealistic she said later. goals. This bit of by-play illustrates a fact of life that many people do not understand. Most of us are inclined to look upon the CENSORSHIP Soviet Union as a strongly united nation ORE THAN A DECADE AGO We published made up of people with similar back- an article by Irene Corbally Kuhn grounds, but the truth is quite otherwise. that told of the censorship of the left, Actually, the U.S.S.R. is a conglomeration exercised through influential book review cle- of peoples dominated by the Russian had better pull its troops out of Thailand. sections. As described in the article, the ment and the Russians comprise only Echoing this, the Soviet's Laotian puppet censorship was exercised by plugging about half of the total population. Souphanouvong ripped into the U.S. as books that followed a certain line and The history of Russia indeed represents warmongers. However, pessimists always ignoring or knocking those books that did colonialism at its worst, and the process worry about things like that. This U.S.- not conform to the approved line. has gone on for centuries as the Russians promoted coalition government assures The case in point was China, and the moved eastward, subjugating nations peace in our time in Southeast Asia, and author showed how a certain clique had exploiting for along the way and them it may still be in force when you read plugged enthusiastically those books that the benefit of the Little White Fathers this dispatch in print. portrayed iMao Tse-tung as a liberal and back home. Some of the actions of the Now the next step will be to achieve an "agrarian reformer" while damning or Russians make the worst features of west- another great diplomatic triumph by get- ignoring books which warned that Mao ern colonialism seem humane by compari- ting one of these coalition governments was not an honest'liberal but a communist. son, but the Georgians, being a tough in the Congo. This will have the added Well, we all know what happened and people, gave the Russkys a hard time be- advantage of enhancing still further the you'd think the experience would have fore they were subjugated. As the Benny tremendous prestige of the United taught a lesson to those people responsible Goodman incident proves, the Georgians Nations as an idealistic organization. for such damaging propaganda. But ap- still harbor no love for their .Moscow- parently it did nothing of the sort. The based masters. INTERNATIONALISM PAYS censorship and brainwashing continue. Now that this episode in Tirlis has Dhe offices of The American Legion Specifically, a few months ago a most served to remind the world that the Magazine happen to be across the important book was published showing greediest and most brutal colonial power street from one of the world's most ex- how Russia for the past thousand years on earth is the U.S.S.R., we trust that the clusive (and expensive) jewelry empori- has operated as a parasitic nation. This Afro-Asian nations, with Krishna Menon ums. Not the sort of place patronized by book, "East Minus West Equals Zero," by and Sukarno taking the lead, will demand the hoi polloi looking for a trinket cost- Werner Keller, and published by G. P. that Khrushchev turn his captive nations ing only a few hundred dollars. Putnam's Sons, describes in detail how loose. And if they seem hesitant about A few days ago in an idle moment we Russian leaders from the time of Ivan doing so, maybe Ambassador Adlai looked out the window and saw an out- the Terrible have begged, borrowed and Stevenson can spark some debate on the size Cadillac drive up to the establishment. stolen from the West the things that have T subject in the halls of the L nited Nations. A chauffeur hopped out and opened a made that country, today, a threat to the door, and out swept two brilliantly entire world. But more than that, it em- BIG V gowned ladies who were ceremoniously phasized why we should put an immedi- p^OTe seem to have achieved an ovcr- ushered into the store. They were, quite ate stop to our suicidal compulsion to whelming diplomatic victory in obviously, nationals of one of the "emerg- keep feeding Russia tools, materials, ideas Laos. There was a trouble-maker there ing nations." We went back to work and know-how. by the name of Boun Oum who persisted while the ladies did their shopping. We considered this message so im- in fighting the communists, but by with- It is nice to know that all this inter- portant that we published a chapter from holding military and economic aid from nationalism being conducted in New the book in our June issue. U.S. News & r feature article him our diplomats forced him to back York is pay ing off for some people, and World Report published a it, excellent down and join a coalition government in is putting a lot of U.S. dollars in circula- about and the book has had peaceful coexistence. As his associates in tion. The United Nations indeed makes reviews outside of New York. But the this shack-up he has "Comrade Prince" quite a point of this. Conceding that the book review sections that can make or break a book — specifically The Souphanouvong, who is firmly in the U.N. gets a lot of money from Washing- New Soviet camp, and Souphanouvong's half- ton (which means American taxpayers) York Times and The New York Herald- that brother, the so-called neutralist Souvanna it points out that a lot of this cash is spent Tribune have presumably ordained is not Phouma, no great admirer of the United right here. There is no denying this. "East Minus West Equals Zero" States. In this column for May we referred to proper reading material for Americans. Delighted over this happy turn of a news story telling about C. S. Jha, U.N. The Times has ignored it; the Herald- events, the U.S. announced that once delegate from impoverished India, and Tribune expressed its displeasure with it. again American aid would be forth- how he was having trouble with his $1,600 The Trib is of course entitled to its coming. Nikita Khrushchev was so happy a month apartment. Now another story opinion but we don't like to see a book of that he cabled congratulations to Presi- has broken about a U.N. employee who such significance being given the familiar It is of dent Kennedy and British Prime Minister is having landlord troubles. This one is silent treatment by the Times. Macmillan. And the papers published the boss-man himself, U Thant, Assistant course possible that by the time this ap- pictures showing the three Laotian rulers Secretary General of the outfit. Accord- pears in print the latter paper will have shaking hands. ing to the press, Mr. U Thant is in danger reviewed it, but since weeks have passed Pessimists will continue to worry, of of suffering removal of $51,000 worth of since the book was issued this is now un- course. They will point out that even furniture from his apartment at 125 E. likely. while Nikita was cabling his congratula- 72nd St. Seems that he has been paying And so another important book is given tions, the Soviet newspaper Izvestia was SI,200 a month and the State Rent Ad- the thumbs-down treatment that is likely snarling a warning that the United States ministrator thinks he is being over- to consign it to oblivion.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 AN OLD FOUNTAIN PEN can serve as an oil can to reach hard-to-get-at parts of a gun, fishing tackle, etc. E. Carlson, of St. Paul, Minn., who offers this idea, says this improvised oil can will operate with any light lubricating oil.

BROWNING ARMS COMPANY has announced three new .22 caliber automatic pistols. They are the Nomad at $49.95, the Challenger at $64.95, and the Aledalist at FOR THE MAN un CLUB $112.95. All three models feature a hand- WITH AN INTEREST IN THE GREAT OUTDOORS filling, wrap-around grip; a wide, crisp trigger; front and rear sights contoured to prevent light reflection; a precision rear WE ARE INDEBTED to J. Glen Briggs, DOZENS OF READERS have written to sight adjustable for horizontal and verti- of Meeker, Colo., for pinpointing "the top suggest freezing water in empty plastic cal correction, and stationary so it docs deer nation." fish, hunting area in the This bottles for refrigerating etc. A new not move with the operating slide; quickly phrase appears in local larger in a headline his and dimension is given to this basic interchangeable barrels; and a ten-round newspaper, The Meeker Herald, which idea by Mrs. G. M. Willett, of Colville, magazine with follower button that speeds goes on to boast: "Colorado is the greatest Wash., who makes her ice in a plastic the loading. deer hunting state in the country, the West- wastebasket, using a deep freeze. The re- ern Slope is the greatest deer hunting sec- sulting block, she says, is ample with- to "ON TARGET," a new Bill Stern, Co- tion in this state, Rio Blanco county is the stand a 40-mile trip still lot of and do a lumbia Pictures sports film, features Rem- top county, and Piceance Creek in that refrigerating. Incidentally, this will be the ington Arms Company personnel and prod- county is the top deer hunting area in last word on the use of plastic containers ucts in a thrilling series of camera close-ups Colorado." Rio Blanco had a deer kill of for ice-making and hauling. of all forms of clay target shooting. Soon 25,329 in 1961, and the Piceance area had to be released to motion picture theaters in 11,958 of that number. Did your county this country and abroad, and already in top this? distribution to the Armed Services, "On Target" is the first clay target film ever ANTI-GUN LEGISLATION keeps crop- made for theatrical release. The film covers ping up at State and National levels, as scenes at the "Grand American" trap-shoot- various lawmakers persevere in the notion ing tournament, Vandalia, Ohio; night trap that if all shotguns, rifles and handguns are shooting; hand trap shooting; skeet shoot- registered and if strict licensing is required ing; and practice shooting off the stern of there will be a sharp drop in crime. The a power cruiser underway in Biscayne Bay, fallaciousness of this bureaucratic approach Miami. Local motion picture theaters can is pointed out by Congressman Walter L. book the film through Columbia Pictures. McVey, of Kansas, who said: "We have had an experience in Kansas with prohibi- TRANSPARENT LACQUER brushed on tion laws, where we had prohibition against SHOOTING OLD-TIME muzzle-loading the threads of a machine screw before driv- the sale of alcoholic beverages. Yet, those rifles and muskets is a fascinating sport but ing it into a reel or other fishing or hunting who wanted to drink always seemed to be cleaning up the barrels after shooting can equipment will hold it firmly, according to able to find what they wanted to drink. be pretty tedious. This point is made by Wilfred E. Beaver, of Chicago, 111. Even And so it is with guns. Criminals will al- Benjamin F. Durfee, of Pensacola, Fla., who vibration will not jar it loose once the lac- ways have guns. To restrict the ownership says he stumbled on a way of preventing quer has set. of guns only restricts the ownership by ." much of the powder fouling and would honest people. . . like to pass it on to other "charcoal burn- ers." Firing a .40 caliber Kentucky rifle that had been converted from flint to percus- sion, he had to brush out and scrub the barrel after every eight or ten shots. Then one day he could not find any linen to make patches with and he substituted some scraps of fiberglass cloth that were handy. "Believe it or not," he said, "I found that I could fire all day without scrubbing out the barrel and there was no charred linen AN INTERESTING SIDELINE hobby for

left in the bore." outdoorsmen is suggested by Bill Berry, of

TO KEEP A PUPPY from crying and Kerens, Tex. This is the collection of ani- whining when he is left alone at night, IF WHEN FISHING you run out of bait, mal trades for use as teaching aids for Boy- J. M. Waters, Jr., of Hawthorne, Fla., sug- chewing gum will provide a highly prac- Scouts, school classes, etc. To get into this gests putting a loud-ticking alarm clock tical substitute, says James R. Rancourt, of hobby you carry two or three old wax near his bed. "This," he says, "simulates the North Adams, Mass. You chew it till it is candles with you when you go afield. beating of his mother's heart and comforts soft, then mold it into the shape of a min- When a suitable track is found—usually in him. You may not believe this but it works now. It will only lose its shape after a hard mud or soft ground— light one of the can- very well with most dogs. Try it!" strike and it can be easily reshaped again. dles and fill the track with hot wax. When

As proof of chewing gum's pulling power, cool, the wax-filled track is dug out and

LEGION POSTS can obtain, free of he says he has caught many fish with it, carried home At your convenience you charge, an interesting and informative out- including his first pike. press it in fresh plaster where it will leave door film being made available by the a perfect imprint of the track. Ithaca Gun Co. The film, "Manitoba ALONG THE SAME LINE, Mrs. Everett Trails," If presents 20 minutes of exciting J. Lee, of Arvada, Colo., maintains that a you have a helpful idea for this feature hunting and exploring trips into Canada's piece of foil from a stick of chewing gum, send it along. If we can use it we'll pay you most picturesque wildlife region. The film twisted in the middle and tied to your fish $5.00. However, we are unable to acknowl- is 16 mm size, in full color with sound. The hook with the ends spread fan shape, will edge contributions, return them or enter only cost is return postage. Posts interested often lure fish when other lures fail. The into correspondence concerning them. Ad- in borrowing this film should write to moral seems to be to make sure your tackle dress Outdoor Editor, The American Legion Ithaca Gun Company, Ithaca, N. Y. box contains plenty of chewing gum. Magazine, 720 Fifth Ave., New York 19, N. Y.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 9 By Hon. GORDON H. SCHERER, M.C.

SHORT TIME OF ago a pro- A fessor in midwest- TARGETS of our KEY one ern universities was lecturing to his class in political science. Using the principle of the lever, After a few sarcas- tic references to the Committee on Un- American Activities, J. Edgar Hoover, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, he smirkingly said: "This fellow Hoover talks out of both sides of his mouth. One day he admits that the membership of the Communist Party has reached an all- time low in this country. The next day, when he is before the Appropriations Committee of Congress asking for more money for the F. B. I., Hoover charges that the threat from internal communism in this country is greater than ever." The professor then continued to parrot the communist line. He said: "Since there are so few communists in this country, why should we become so ex- cited over them? What possible harm can 10.000 communists do in a nation of 180 million people?" This professor was not a communist although he belonged to some communist-front organizations. Of course, his students did not know that. But here we have a man who, because of his position of influence — and there are thousands more like him in the United States — is in top College man Yellin took a doing more harm to this country than William Martin (I) and Bernon Mitchell worked government jobs, then they defected to the Soviet menial job, concealing his ; many in that group of 10,000 commu- secret Union and revealed that we had broken the Russian code. educational background. , nists. In evaluating the extent of the danger of the threat from within, we must mul- application to a basic industry for a and refused to answer questions about his tiply this 10,000 many times because of menial job in an industrial plant. In his activities as a communist colonizer in the synthetic Americans like the professor. application for employment he misrep- Chicago area. He was subsequently con- We must be ever cognizant of the fact resents his educational attainments by victed in the Federal Court for contempt that most communists operate from key downgrading them. His job application of Congress. [Mr. Yellin's appeal from and strategic positions where their sub- shows only one year's attendance at same will be reargued in the Supreme versive activities have the maximum high school whereas he has a master's Court in the new term beginning next went effect on the greatest number. degree. A person operating as a colon- October 1.] During the litigation, he student at Let me cite just a few of hundreds of izer obtains a job on the assembly line back to college as a graduate examples from hearings of the Commit- where his communist connections are the University of Illinois on a Ford following tee on Un-American Activities in order unknown. He is then in a position to in- Foundation scholarship. The to prove the point which the professor doctrinate fellow workers and stir up year—believe it or not—the National Sci- by the either did not understand or did not want strife and dissension in the plant, at the ence Foundation which was set up to understand. direction of the communist apparatus. Congress in the interest of national de- tax- Edward Yellin, a rather brilliant young It does not take much imagination to fense gave Yellin a fellowship from man, while in college and most likely see that one red colonizer might be the payers' money to continue his research. under the influence of a man like our cause of a slowdown, a strike, and even This however was revoked after the professor, became a dedicated, fanatical espionage and sabotage in a vital defense Committee on Un-American Activities communist. Let's see how the Com- plant. Again, who can say that a single investigated the National Science Foun- granting fellowships. munist Party used him in its colonization professor such as I have mentioned did dation's policies in program. First, we must understand not start a chain reaction like this in During this investigation it was dis- great universities what colonization is. It is a highly de- many directions over the years? closed that one of the veloped, successful technique of the Getting back to Edward Yellin. When in this country—some people refer to it communist conspiracy. As an example, a he was called before the Committee on as one of the more liberal — received well-educated young communist with Un-American Activities in Gary, In- from the Federal treasury, through the over a one or more university degrees makes diana, in 1958, he defied the Committee National Science Foundation,

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 three-year period, $235,500 for scientific research projects. These projects were requested by and were under the supervision and direction of a professor HE who, when before our Committee not too long ago, invoked the Fifth Amend- ment in refusing to answer questions Communists concerning his membership in the Com- munist Party. In another case, one Lee Lorch, a handful of communists in key positions in this country brilliant mathematician — but also an identified, hard-core communist, who was fired from three universities, subse- are able to manipulate large numbers of deluded dupes quently received a grant from the Na- tional Science Foundation. and get them to do what the Kremlin wants done- Now the National Science Founda- tion has been set up by your government primarily in the interests of

national defense — and note I say in the interests of national defense— to advance scientific study and research in this country. Its action in granting a fellowship to Yellin seemed incomprehensible. Professors in the university who knew about Yellin's conviction and Commu- nist Party activities and who recom- mended him to the National Science Foundation for the fellowship, failed to disclose his conviction in their recom- mendations. Their excuse was that they were only interested in his proficiency as a scientist. This same attitude was expressed by

people with whom I discussed the award in the National Science Foundation. They said in substance that they were concerned only about Yellin's ability and suitability as a scientist; that some scientists were a different breed of cats than the rest of us, and that they would not give the government the benefit of their scientific knowledge and research

if we inquired too closely into their backgrounds and political beliefs. To those who continue to peddle the communist line that 10,000 communists in this country are of little or no conse- When students rioted against the HUAC at San Francisco, the commies stayed quence, may I remind them that at the largely in the background. But the riots were exactly what the reds wanted. time Russia was taken over, less than

one-seventh of 1 percent of the people in that unhappy country were communists. Poland had only 4 percent. When Castro

seized Cuba and took it behind the Iron Curtain, there were only a handful of communists pulling the strings. Even today in Czechoslovakia, which has the largest percentage of communists in any

country in the world, we find it with only

1 1 percent. It should be obvious to the least informed that, if the communists had attempted to take Cuba by outward or Gus Hall, red boss in this country, military aggression, they would have lays down the line. Invariably his failed miserably because we would have mouthings are echoed by stooges. moved in with everything we had. Yet today, Havana is as communist-domi- The fact that Castro is a sworn en- nated and controlled as are Peiping and emy of the U.S.A. does not faze bra- Moscow. Why? Because a corporal's zen Fidelistas who try to spread the guard of communists in key positions fiction that many here approve of him. (Continued on page 32)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 H Wonders ofthe Western World

Places to see on your way to or

from the Legion's National Convention

in Las Vegas this October

By PETE CZURA can be visited on your way back home, depending on whether you take northern LEGIONNAIRES HEADING FOR the or southern routes. Best of all, your National Convention at Las visits can be short one-day affairs or full- J Vegas, Nevada, this year, can fledged week stays. The choice is up to add a bonus to their convention jaunt you. a tough chore. by visiting some of our fabulous west- Picking 14 spots was ern wonders. There are so many outstanding sights in omitted What do you want to see? Caverns? the west that I'm bound to have Geysers? Cliff dwellings? Wildlife? Rug- some which deserve mention. However, ged mountain scenery at close range? time and space forced me to compress interesting, Do you like to boat, hike, climb, fish, the list to the following — I take photos, camp in the wilderness, or scenic, and historical spots which with just enjoy the view from your car? The guarantee — will provide you thrills. choice is yours. pleasure and I've picked ten western wonderlands within an easy day's drive of Las Vegas. Giant sequoia trees thrill tourists Four others worthy of consideration, who visit Yosemite National Park.

Teton Mountains and famous Jackson Hole Just a short ride from Las Vegas is America's highest dam, The magnificent our Western states. tames the waters of the Colorado River. i country delight all who travel through I Hoover Dam, which the area began to rise into a huge plateau, all geared to suit the pocketbook of the

but the ground rose so slowly it did not average family. Lake Mead marina is affect the river's course. Using gravel, only a 45-minute drive from Vegas.

silt, sand, and huge rocks like sand- Once considered a land of desolation paper, the hungry river slowly knifed and tragedy, Death Valley, lying prac-

its way inch by inch into the rock-hard tically on the California-Nevada border, walls. Frost, rain, and thaw, along with offers many rare attractions. Notable is plant roots continually clawing for a toe- Dante's View, where visitors may peer hold, have finally chewed the Canyon in down upon Bad Water, 280 feet below some spots up to 18 miles in width. sea level, the lowest point in the U. S.; If you are adventurous you can cross then look northwest and on a clear day the Grand Canyon on foot from rim to see Mt. Whitney poking its rugged head rim. It is only 12 miles across as the 14,495 feet into the sky. crow flies, but 21 miles by the famed Most people associate Death Valley Kaibab Trail. The hike across a slender with lifelessness, but such is not the case. steel suspension bridge dangling above Over 600 varieties of plants can be the Colorado River is a thrill you won't found here. Of breathtaking beauty are soon forget. It took four years of sweat brilliantly-colored blossoms of the cactus and toil to wrench this trail out of the family. Some sturdy blossoms stand for awesome canyon. days, but the more fragile plants burst A short drive from Las Vegas will their buds in a blaze of splendor at sun- Hourly eruption of Old Faithful Geyser bring you to Lake Mead National rise and vanish with the setting sun. Sev- is top attraction at Yellowstone Park. Recreation area and to America's high- eral species of mariposa bloom in the est dam, Hoover Dam, a massive monu- high country, along with mallows, ment of concrete towering 60 stories lupines, and dahlias, providing a flower high. Completed in 1936, the dam now show that lasts most of the summer. tames the waters of the Colorado River One of the most popular spots, pro- and provides irrigation, power and flood viding overnight accommodations, Eu- control. Visitors are taken by elevators ropean plan, is Scotty's Castle. The down through the face of the dam to its Castle is an ornate mansion built by mammoth power plant. Walter Scott, an ex-cowboy of Buffalo The largest artificially-made lake in Bill's Wild West Show, who became known as Death Valley Scotty. A small guide fee is charged for a tour of the Castle. The Joshua Tree National Monument, located in the beautiful, high desert country, preserves a typical California desert where plants and animals have

Death Valley's Zabriskie's Point is noted for its natural beauty and deep erosion.

In my opinion, the top natural and scenic attraction in the west is the Grand

Canyon in Arizona. It is one of the marvels of the world and should head your list of places to visit. This magnificent work of nature defies Bizarre rock formations and exquisite adequate description. As the sun re- colors lure tourists to Zion Park. volves in the heavens, the yawning chasm walls are ablaze in a myriad of colors. This spectacular gorge — still the world, Lake Mead, has 550 miles of being gouged relentlessly by what ap- shore line and extends 115 miles from pears, when viewed from the North Rim, Hoover Dam to Grand Canyon. Water like a tiny Colorado River, — bares rocks sports such as boating, fishing, water formed over a billion years ago. skiing and swimming are popular If you ride astride a sure-footed mule, through the summer season. Lake Mead

down the Bright Angel Trail toward the is also an angler's mecca. Great sporting The Grand Canyon, the West's outstand- Canyon's Inner Gorge, almost a mile fish such as bass, trout, crappie, channel ing attraction, is a marvel of the world. below, you're in for a rare treat. People catfish, and bluegill are ready to tangle who have made this adventurous trip with any fisherman who tries his luck acquired specialized habits in order to claim they wouldn't trade the experience here. survive; where sand may suddenly be for anything. There are trailer parks and bathing covered with millions of wild flowers; Naturalists say that millions of years and boating beaches that are free to the where the oases shelter a colorful and ago northern Arizona stood barely public. In addition, there are special varied bird population, and where cac- above sea level and through this region concession boating facilities which offer tuses like the spidery ocotillo and the meandered a slow-poking river. Then boats with pilots for overnight trips — (Continued on page 41)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 13 Prisoners of War FOR SALE

A new kind of warfare calls for a new approach to the prisoner of war problem.

By Maj. Gen. HAYDON L. BOATNER, than as an "enemy" killed and taken out U.S. Army (Ret.) of action. His capture was considered a bit of good fortune by the reds. Christmas Eve Day last year From the communist point of view, Ona young man bicycled out of the Sp. George Fryett could be exploited for sunwashed capital city of South propaganda purposes — as he later was Vietnam on what was to be a peaceful — or he could be traded at some future holiday excursion through the quiet, lush, truce conference. Traded, not for Viet green countryside. Somewhere along the Cong prisoners, but for military or dip- main road leading from Saigon to the lomatic concessions. town of Bicn Hoa, 20 miles to the north, For six months Fryett was just one of the lone cyclist was jumped by Viet a small group of Americans being held Cong communist guerrillas. prisoner in the Indo-China area by the Specialist 4/c George F. Fryett, a communists. Along with a number of his 26-year-old American soldier and code fellow countrymen who are captives be- clerk attached to headquarters of the hind the Iron and Bamboo Curtains, this U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group young army enlisted man symbolized a to Vietnam, became another prisoner in new problem that calls for a new ap- one of several undeclared wars currently proach involving prisoners of war. being fought in various parts of the For a while, his life and his freedom world. were for sale for whatever the traffic He was a prisoner of war; but name, would bear when and if his value as a rank and serial number meant nothing hostage could be parlayed by the com- to his captors who, in all likelihood, had munists at some future bargaining ses- never heard of the Geneva sion. But he was inexplicably released Conventions The Russians in WWII slaughtered for the Protection of War Victims. He on June 24. Why? Guerrilla forces, com- thousands of Polish officers and tried was more important to his captors alive munist or otherwise, rarely take prison- to blame the atrocity on Germany.

Gen. Boatner ordered the leader of rioting red POWs on Koje Showing they meant business, our soldiers entered the compound pre- Island, Korea, to get his men ready to move at a specified time. ceded by tanks and took down red signs and poles erected by prisoners. Sgt. George Groom, left, and Sgt. Fran- Americans taken prisoner by reds in Korea were required to read a lot of propaganda. cis Quinn were seized by the communists in South Vietnam and exploited. mets, rushed the two sergeants and enter into all-out war in South Vietnam pulled their two wounded comrades to or Laos. the ground. It was over in a moment. Three weeks after their capture, Sgts. ers. Fryett's surprising release — after the The two wounded Americans were shot Quinn and Groom were suddenly re- reds broadcast a series of anti-American in the face and gouged with machetes. leased by the reds in what is a typical propaganda statements they attributed Like Fryett, Sgts. Quinn and Groom Chinese Communist gesture. It was May to the slender GI — has followed a pat- were at the mercy of their captors. Less Day, a holy day in the communist world, tern that began with the equally sudden than two weeks after Fryett was cap- and the Viet Cong guerrillas magnani- release of the two U.S. Army sergeants tured, the Viet Cong paraded the hag- mously and suddenly released the two last May. Fryett denied the anti-Ameri- gard soldier through a number of villages Americans who were half starved after a can propaganda statements and also de- in communist dominated areas. But the diet of fish and rice. Why? There's no nied that he succumbed to red brain- two sergeants were more fortunate. The reason, unless of course the reds ex- washing. red guerrillas were trying to evade South pected to reap a propaganda coup. Was One may rightly wonder if the Viet Vietnam Army patrols led by American the decision made by the Viet Cong Cong reds had "sold" Fryett and the two advisers. They holed up in the hills about leader? Perhaps. However, guerrilla lead- sergeants back to this country; terms of five miles from where the sergeants were ers are not noted for any deep political the "sale" to be ironed out at some fu- captured and kept their two prize prison- thinking. It's possible that the fine hand ture conclave. For purposes other than ers tied up throughout their captivity. of a top red official pulled the strings. propaganda, their release might well The sergeants escaped the treatment For the release was typical of similar have deeper diplomatic overtones. Only accorded to Fryett. When the code clerk incidents the Chinese reds have pulled. time will tell. (after his capture and for security rea- They gave the two sergeants safe conduct The passing of time and the U.S. build- sons, he was described officially as an passes and even had them sign a docu- up in Vietnam has resulted in additional English language instructor) was paraded ment stating that they would not remain American casualties — killed, wounded through pro-red villages, the anti-Ameri- in Vietnam or lift a weapon against the and captured. Fryett was joined in cap- can Vietnamese vented their hatred in Viet Cong. Our military officials attempt- tivity four months later by Sgt. lc Fran- the only way they knew how, epithets ed to suppress any information about the cis Quinn and Sgt. George E. Groom. and rotten fruit hurled in his direction. Viet Cong documents the two sergeants

They were luckier than Fryett; they were If Fryett were frightened, it was only were carrying. Newsmen quickly spotted released after three weeks. The two ser- natural. He suffered a severe beating, the communist gambit, and those among geants were part of a four-man team of was kept continuously bound by ropes the press corps with years of experience American combat "advisers" who, along except when forced to do menial work, in Asia, quickly ran down the truth. The with their 31 Vietnamese civil guards, and a gun was pointed in his direction at two sergeants were unwitting victims of were jumped by red guerrillas in April. all times. He was also ill and weak. an old red propaganda trick. Two of the Americans were wounded in Such treatment, including the brutal State Department and military officials the attack. When the Viet Cong guerril- deaths of the two wounded American attempted to squirm out of the box in las moved out, they forced Quinn and sergeants, is exactly what Asians have which they found themselves by explain- Groom to carry their two wounded bud- done to Occidental prisoners for more ing that any documents or parole signed dies. After two miles of hard slogging, than a century. Unless they become seri- by the two sergeants had no validity be- the guerrilla leader decided the two ously ill, in which case they will receive cause the United States is not at war in wounded men were holding up the Viet inadequate treatment, Americans held Vietnam nor is the Viet Cong an army Cong escape to friendly territory. His prisoner by the Viet Cong and Pathet representing a sovereign state. Thus, the orders were blunt and to the point. Viet Lao guerrillas in South Vietnam and reds had injected into a guerrilla war an Cong soldiers, clad in mustard-green uni- Laos are at present quite safe. They will unknown but minor factor that caught forms, rubber sneakers and wicker hel- remain safe as long as the U.S. does not (Continued on page 38)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 15 two of the 16 old-line major chiefs of ticket sales, and other personnel Onlyleague baseball clubs started out with titles to match, was almost anony- this season with the same mana- mous or non-existent in earlier years. gers who were in command in 1957. If Now it has become a critical part of because of the expen- this sounds startling, consider that since baseball's structure Dtves 1946 these eight American and eight Na- sive farm system, lavish bonuses to un- contracts, tional League teams have had a total of tried talent, television-radio

1 1 2 field leaders! The handclasp of competing managers before the opening World Series game is one of the standard photographs in sports. It has nationwide appeal, from the Little Leaguer to his Pop and Grand- pop, who, more than likely are frustrated ball players. This is the epitome of baseball, the scaling of Mount Olympus. See how relaxed and resplendent they are in their baseball flannels? These men, in popular opinion, are overlords of the diamond. Actually they're fall guys, baseball's clay pigeons. Managers were men of stature and tenure in the long ago era. Connie Mack led the Philadelphia Athletics for half a century. Uncle Wilbert Robinson was the Brooklyn Dodgers' chief for 18 seasons. Fred Clarke bossed the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1901 through 1916. Hughie Jennings was the Detroit Tigers' strate- gist for 14 campaigns. Bill Terry had a decade with the New York Giants, Joe McCarthy 16 years with the New York Yankees, Jimmie Dykes 13 with the Chi- cago White Sox, and Pat Moran nine with the Cincinnati Reds. But the machinery of the game has changed so drastically that one owner, Phil Wrigley of the Chicago Cubs, is trying to prove what many others suspect- that managers are as dead as the dodo. Year by year they become less important, little more than servants who do the bidding of baseball's new strong man— the general manager. Except in rare instances, the field manager is a foreman or an expediter taking his cue from the general manager who has been given the ball by the owner. Since an increasing number of owners are in baseball just for kicks, and since most general managers never were professional players, it is easy to see how unimportant to them is the field manager. The manager is expendable because the owner or his hatchetman, the G. M., has made him so. The general manager takes precedence in trades. Many order the manager to use players to prove either that they've made a good deal or to The general manager from his mahogany desk vantage "show" a chattel to a rival team in the point wields an all-powerful whip in baseball today. hope of selling or trading him. In the old days, the club owner was farm teams, the only one holding the whip hand over the players' pension program, and em- Cubs and six minor league complete the manager. Some of the managers also phasis on promotion to meet growing Wrigley called it putting his were part owners — Connie Mack, Clark competition from other sports. No longer operation under one roof. manager from Griffith, John McGraw, and even Rogers does the owner just open the gates and "We've had every type inspi- Hornsby, who once held a huge block wait for customers. the hard-bitten slave driver to the in finishing out of the first of stock in the St. Louis Cardinals. Scoffing was general over a year ago rational leader years," declared Phil. Today's front office, consisting of gen- when Owner Wrigley, declaring mana- division the last 14 eraL managers, farm club directors, ex- gers obsolete, set up a grand plan of ten (The Cubs made it 15 in 1961.) fire your manager, the ecutive and just plain vice presidents, revolving coaches as overseers of his "When you

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 ManagerJ?ea//n Count?.,By EDWARD PRELL

year under the four different head A hard look at today's field leader and how coaches — Elvin Tappe, Harry Crait, Vedie Himsl, and Lou Klein — said shift- ing of command upset the players, particularly the younger ones. with of baseball's old-timers. he compares some Ron Santo, 21 -year-old third baseman, was confused by conflicting orders, Zim- mer charged. Ron, however, was voted the National League's Sophomore of the Year and Tappe, dedicated to the no- manager experiment, suggested that if Santo's bewilderment continues he may be named Player of the Year in 1962. Another Cub youngster, 23-year-old Billy Williams, survived the retreat from tradition when he was named the league's Rookie of the Year in 1961. This year the 33-year-old Tappe started out as head coach. In mid-May came a bizarre turn when he was reactivated as

a catcher, but still retained coach status. The top job had been turned over to Klein. It was explained the move was made only to take advantage of Tappe's experience in handling the young pitchers, who had been slightly erratic. The Wrigley plan is watered down this season. Three of the coaches are to remain with the Cubs all the way — Tappe, Klein, and Charley Metro, the latter a highly successful manager in the minors. The three pitching coaches — Fred Mar- tin, Goldie Holt, and Himsl — take turns running this department, sometimes with two of them attached to the Cubs. The others — Charlie Grimm, Rip Collins, Bobby Adams, and Verlon Walker — are roaming the Cubs' minor league proper- ties, giving a helping hand to the young- coaching staff usually leaves too. So you the development period between the sters. Harry Craft and Dick Cole are the start fumbling all over again. The new minors and the majors from five years to only two of the original ten who did not manager, having different theories for three. Obviously, a system, rather than a return this year. Craft jumped at the

the same group of players, puts in his manager, is the answer." chance to manage the new Houston Colt own system and selects his own helpers. Wrigley's break with the managerial .45s. This confusion is multiplied with every union brought repercussions, openly and If managers are vital, why are they change. And your farm club managers privately. Don Zimmer, who played last (Continued on page 34) usually are old stars who do not have the ability or the desire to give the expensive THESE OLD-TIME MANAGERS HAD STAYING POWER prospects proper coaching." Millionaire, non-conformist Wrigley blasts the custom of managers hiring old pals as coaches without regard to compe- tence. "We need coaching specialists in the various skills to guide these high-priced youngsters to the majors," he declares. "I do not propose to have them dominated by somebody with a one-track mind, which is what a man with the title of manager usually turns out to be. I believe that with top coaches we can cut John McGraw Connie Mack Joe McCarthy Jimmie Dykes ILLUSTRATED BY WILLARD MULLIN Giants Athletics Yankees White Sox

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 17 Legionnaires OVER THERE

87 Legionnaires recently spent two weeks in on-the-spot studies of situations

in Europe in which we are involved. Here are some of their observations.

april 9, 87 members of the to learn something about the attitudes of this country, various members of the OnNational Security and Foreign our allies, and they saw close-up the group described some of the things that Relations Commissions of The grim menace of communism in East had had the greatest impact on them. American Legion flew in a chartered Berlin. France, Germany and Italy were Excerpts from their reports are presented plane to Europe to study at first hand visited by the group who personally un- herewith. The photographs were also the military situation of the United derwrote all the costs of the trip as their taken by the Legionnaires. States and our NATO allies. The Legion- contribution to the formulation of naires were given briefings at NATO and Legion policy based on a realistic under- National Commander CHARLES L. SHAPE. They had a unique opportunity standing of the issues. On their return to BACON: In East Berlin you see what

DR. A. J. SEBASTIANELLI LEE A. LEMOS

The Legionnaires' first official act in Paris was to honor France's Unknown In Rome the Legionnaires saw that city's ancient Soldier at the Arc de Triomphe. National Commander Bacon laid the wreath. and modern glories. This is the famed Coliseum.

U. S. ARMY

The group outside Paris, before a briefing on our military potential at SHAPE, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers, Europe.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 DANIEL H. BURKHARDT IALPH WATKINS

" in Berlin. Note the forbidding wall. EastBeSli onValmSunday mo^SHmS ' ThSfKHSSSTarlie East

LEE A. LEMOS

communism really is. I don't recall seeing a single person smile. It's been more than 15 years since the Russians took over, but the palaces and the great governmental buildings remain bombed-out shells.

J. RALPH HUTCHISON; Jefferson City, Mo.: I received several strong impressions in the course of the tour. ( 1 ) How the world has shrunk; (2) that people here are more appre- hensive than those nearest the Iron Curtain; (3) memories of the frightened, furtive looks and dejected attitude of those Germans observed on our tour to East Berlin; (4) the non- chalant, carefree attitude of the French, German and Italian people and their reliance on our Uncle Sam for protection and freedom; (5) the leadership of our military and naval

installation is in competent and capable hands; (6) we citizens must continue to stand firmly in support of our armed forces overseas.

DANIEL H. BURKHARDT; Baltimore, Md.: The desolation of East Berlin was depressing. All churches, except one. were boarded up. We saw fewer than a hundred people on the streets all the time we were there. Only eight autos were visible and we passed only one gas station. But only officials have a car anyhow. There is no unemployment; everyone having at least one job. East Berliners stay at home when not working, Another touch of communism. This building on the East Berlin line to stay out of trouble. I was also impressed by the briefings was bricked in to prevent escapes to freedom. An old woman died at NATO and SHAPE. NATO and its military subsidiary trying to get away and this sidewalk memorial was built on the spot. SHAPE enjoy great prestige and respect. The United Nations is neither much thought of, nor thought much of, in Europe. WILLIAM W. SEIFFERT

DOUGLAS D. KRAMER; Twin Falls, Idaho: It is obvious that The American Legion must continue in every way

it can conceive to keep America strong because the hope of the freedom of the world actually lies in the United States. It is necessary that the American people themselves be constantly reminded of the blessings they have, and that those blessings are such that we should not hesitate to sacrifice to keep them. One saying is, "As Maine goes, so goes the nation." A truer saying is, "As the United States goes, so goes the world." 1

RAY MURPHY; Saratoga, Calif.: My overriding interest in going to Europe was to have a look behind the Iron Cur- tain. In West Berlin we were 110 miles inside the Iron Curtain — but in West Berlin one could never realize that, for West Berlin is a city of bustling life, a showplace of the western world set down in the midst of a communist puppet state. In Memorial of another war. At Spandau Prison, Hitler hung up on hooks West Berlin there are theaters, night (Continued on page 36) "like pigs" 12 men who tried to kill him. Six of the hooks can be seen.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 19 Ladylike Logic Anyone who wishes may ask me to repeat that. But every time I do, it comes out the same way. his little More evidence that no man should ever underestimate woman. 1 recall another explanation of another shopping spree. "Well, when the cleaners lost the belt from my blue dress, I had to do something," Ruth pointed out. "Then, today,

1 found this darling belt in one of the

stores and it was just perfect for the

dress. But it didn't go with my blue hat, so naturally, I had to get a new hat, too."

"Naturally," I agreed weakly.

"Then I realized I couldn't very well wear the new hat with the old dress, so you can see I absolutely had to have another dress to wear the belt on. After all,

Dear, I couldn't just let the new belt go to waste when you're always talking about economy."

I'll admit I could follow her line of thought to a certain extent ... at least enough to feel the goose flesh rising. But

I can't say the same for the one she came up with today. My teeth are still chat- tering.

I had just gotten home and settled

Obviously it would have been dangerous if Ruth had signalled her left turn. down with the evening paper when Ruth asked if it would be all right if we ate By HAL CHADWICK Ruth shot me the scornfully superior right away. glance of the species known as woman "Why, sure," I said. "But what's the am probably as brave as the aver- driver. "With all those cars speeding rush?" I age man. I can face my son's algebra by?" she retorted. "Do you think I "I want to have dinner early tonight," homework without flinching unduly. I wanted my arm taken off?" she explained, "because I've invited can phone for a dental appointment My terror of a moment before faded Uncle Henry over tomorrow and he may without resorting to tranquilizers. I can into insignificance beside the newer not be able to get here until too late for even step on the bathroom scales with- fright resulting from hearing her expla- the 'Perry Mason Show'." out closing my eyes. But I can't listen to nation. As I said at the beginning, feminine my wife's reasoning without cold shivers Frequently the bank's statements pro- figuring frightens me. But I don't think running up and down my spine. The vide a shattering insight to my wife's any of my wife's reasoning has ever sur- plain, unvarnished truth is that FEMI- mental processes. The last time I was passed what she came up with the day

NINE FIGURING FRIGHTENS ME. trying to reconcile her check stubs with I brought home the first paycheck after Recently, Ruth came home from an what her bank had somehow managed to our wedding. I still wake up in a cold

afternoon of shopping. She was as loaded deduce, I discovered that the most re- sweat every time I hear it again in my down as a compact car carrying a family cent entry on her stubs was a minus dreams. of eight on a two-month vacation. $65.20. When I worked up the courage "Sugar," Ruth sighed wistfully, look- "But. Dear," she replied to my pro- to inquire, she looked down at me arch- ing at the figures, "I wish your salary

tests, "just wait till the monthly state- ly from her mental plateau. was twice what it is, so we could spend ments come in from the stores and you'll "What's so odd about my stubs being three times as much money." find that actually the whole works cost $65 in the red?" she asked. "I postdated Believe me, that left me with some-

no more than a handbag. You see, I three of the checks . . . didn't you notice? thing to think about! the end bought the handbag on sale and saved So I'm actually $12.35 to the good un- $5, which I spent for shoes I saved $9.98 til next Saturday. And if you'll just give on, which I spent for a hat I saved me my $25 grocery allowance for three ." $16.85 on, which I spent. . . weeks instead of one, I'll be a little bet- But why continue? Suffice to say that ter than even with the board then."

I consider myself lucky she didn't work Needless to say, she got the three up to a comparatively small diamond weeks' allowances. I got the chills. necklace that she saved $9,000 on. A few days later we were watching Another day, not long ago, we were TV when Ruth said gaily: "Genevieve whizzing along a busy through road. phoned today. And what do you think? ." Ruth was at She told strict . the wheel. Suddenly she me in confidence. . swerved out of the extreme right hand "Whoa!" I interrupted. "You'd better lane into a left turn. As the screaming not pass it on." of rubber on other cars died in my ears, "Why not?"

I retrieved the small glob of jelly on the "You said it was a secret."

windshield which had previously been "Oh, it is a secret! But Genevieve said my heart. she was telling everyone not to repeat

"You might at least have stuck out it. Besides, how do you expect to hear

your hand to signal your turn," I gasped, it if 1 don't tell you before somebody Luckily for her, but not for me, she was still panting heavily. else does?" able to locate a perfectly darling belt.

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 NEWSLETTER

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU

EXECUTIVE BRANCH WITHDRAWS the House Post Office and Civil Service OBJECTIONS TO REOPENING OF Committee in support of two bills, the VETS LIFE INSURANCE: Legion pointed out that: On June 27, both the Veterans Adminis- "In many cases, after the Civil tration and the Bureau of the Budget Service Commission had decided an appeal notified Congress that they had withdrawn against an agency (ordering an employee earlier objections to reopening WW2 and who had been let out to be reinstated) Korea vets life insurance for a year, as the agency had refused to do so ... In requested by the Legion and approved two these cases, in spite of law on its side, years running by the Senate . . . Budget the Civil Service Commission felt it was

Director David E. Bell rescinded earlier powerless to enforce compliance . . . The objections, while VA Administrator John S. individual was then forced to seek Gleason, Jr., "urged passage" of the redress in the courts.'' reopening . . . Their actions reflect a The Legion suggested that the language switch in policy of the Kennedy Adminis- in proposed legislation be amended to tration from against to for the reopening make it "crystal clear that the agency

. . . The general outlook of the usual concerned must restore the individual to "informed sources" was that with the the position (or one of like stature and Administration behind the bill, The House pay) from which he was removed," as Veterans Affairs Committee would unbottle well as to provide back pay and restora- it and it should soon pass the House. . . . tion of lost benefits. However, it hadn't been reported out by The particular legislation would apply the 4th of July ... If the bill becomes to all federal employees in cases where law, insurable WW2 and Korea vets with no the Civil Service Commission finds in gov't life insurance would have one year their favor, as well as to veterans whose to take out any amount up to $10,000, job status is protected by the Veterans while those with less than $10,000 at Preference Act. present could increase the amount up to The two bills were HR10685 and HR10687. that limit within a year. . . . Other de- Following the Legion testimony, the tails of the plan would depend upon the two bills were consolidated in one, with exact form of the bill as enacted . . . the language strengthened, and reported Passage of the insurance bill would also out as HR11753 ... It passed the House on unlock the legislative doors for the June 18, and early in July was in the proposed increase in compensation for Senate Post Office and Civil Service service-connected disabilities, which the Commission. Senate has combined in one bill with $5000 PRIZE OFFERED FOR the insurance bill for the last two INVENTION OF ACCEPTABLE years. . . .The House's refusal to bring STAIR-CLIMBING WHEELCHAIR: the insurance bill to a head has kept the compensation increase tied up too. Inventors, scientists and engineers about the nation are cudgeling their LEGION SEEKS TEETH FOR brains to come up with an ideal, safe, stair-climbing wheelchair, CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION ORDERS: for which a $5,000 prize has been offered by an

The American Legion in May (with good anonymous donor . . . Contest is being man- early results) sought an end to govern- aged by the National Inventors Council ment agencies defying the Civil Service of the U.S. Dept. of Commerce. . . . The Commission when ordered by the Commission President's Committee on the Employment to reinstate employees in federal jobs of the Handicapped (in which the Legion

. . . In testimony before a subcommittee of participates) is cooperating in the

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 21 :

just POSTS INTERESTED IN SUPPORTING search. . .This year's contest DETAILED LEGION INFO: passed the midpoint, with a final dead- EYE-BANKS CAN GET Legion Nat'l Rehabilita- line of Dec. 31, 1962. The American prepared a fact- A similar contest last year failed to tion Commission has information bulletin for provide a wheelchair meeting all the packed 8-page in support- specifications, but the design of a Posts which may be interested

. Attached to it is a three-man team composed of two ing eye-banks . . the United Californians and one Kentuckian was so roster of all eye-banks in sup- . . Many Legion Posts already good, though short of ideal, that a States . members deeding special $5000 award went to them anyway. port eye-banks, their death, to the near- All the rules for the contest may be had their eyes, on their

. . Many other Posts want in a booklet available from National est eye-bank. . service to Inventors Council, U.S. Dept. of Com- more info on this volunteer persons society . . . Eyes from deceased merce, Washington 25, D.C. . . . Some of ways to save the sight the specifications are that the invention are used in several communities must of the living, and in many blind or partially 1. Cost no more than $500. eye-surgeons have waiting list for 2. Function as a normal, self- blind patients on a Large propelled wheelchair 95% of the time. surgery pending available eyes . . . needed to Donor put up the prize-money when he numbers of volunteers are even to meet learned that the difficulty of moving deed their eyes to eye-banks since they are persons in wheelchairs in and out of a small demand for eyes, office buildings was a serious drawback only available at death. new bulletin on the to their employment opportunities. The comprehensive subject is Nat'l Rehabilitation Bulletin CORRECTION: CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT No. 22-62 (19-8) of June 12, 1962 . . . PAY STATEMENT IN JULY WAS INADEQUATE: Copies have gone to every Department (state) Service We apologize for an inadequate state- Adjutant and Department Legion. . . . Posts ment in our July Newsletter which has Officer of The American an eye- misled veterans on Civil Service retire- wishing details for supporting should inquire of ment ... We stated that under the old bank as a Post project pension law certain forms of retirement their state Legion Hq. pay, such as Civil Service, do not count "COLD WAR" CAMPAIGN MEDAL as VA-pension-disqualifying income, while FOR FOREIGN MILITARY OPERATIONS they do under the new law . . . The state- SINCE 1958 FIRMED UP: ment, which is far short of adequacy, was has issued cri- made in reference to those veterans who The Dep't of Defense Armed Forces have a choice of receiving VA pension teria for awarding The overseas under either the old or new laws, by Expeditionary Medal, for certain . Award of having been in receipt of pension in July, military duty since 1958 . . last December. 1960, when the new law went into effect. the medal was authorized qualifying for the medal An adequate statement would have . . . Service 1961 been: "Under the old law, veterans can includes (a) Berlin since Aug. 14, July 1 to Nov. 1, voluntarily have certain forms of retire- . . . (b) Lebanon, (c) Quemoy and Matsu since Aug. ment pay, such as Civil Service, reduced 1958 . . . same date to in order to bring them within the 23, 1958 and Taiwan Strait, (d) Congo (in direct qualifying income for VA pension, but Jan. 1, 1959. . .

1961 . . . under the new law such voluntary re- support of UN) , since July 14, (f) duction of retirement pay is not allowed (e) Laos, since April 19, 1961. . .

. .Further for the purpose of qualifying for a VA Vietnam, since July 1, 1958 . qualifying specifications are set forth, pension." . . .Railroad Retirement is the only retirement pay fully exempt from and service in other areas or at other Servicemen who counting as income for VA pension times may be added . . . assigned purposes under the old law ... It counts were bona fide members of units as income under the new law. to a designated area, with honorable Thanks to William F. Monogan, Sr., service, are generally eligible . . . while Service Officer of Post 10, Charleston, Service in the qualifying areas meet S.C., the first of many to call this to not assigned to a unit there must our attention. more detailed qualifications.

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 :

OF THE AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS' AFFAIRS AUGUST 1962*

Swingle brothers, Joe and Dan, as well Thousands of Teams Vie for as hurler Bob Connors. Those three won 17 games and lost none last year as Phoenix had a 39-3 won-lost record, in- Boys' National Baseball Crown cluding the national tourney. Dan Swin- gle struck out 11 in the final game 16,000 Legion teams afield to knock over last year's against Cincinnati. But Phoenix is hurting in bench eight finalists; All 8 back with strong teams; Final strength. Manager Pete Kramer reported tourney set for Aug. 28 at Bismarck, N. D.; Phoenix that boys who couldn't play regularly on the national championship team have Champs' bench weakened. moved to the host of other Legion teams in the area where they could have regu- The American Legion Baseball pro- The Champs, Phoenix lar assignments—and there are now 23 gram for boys up to 18 years old, and In a report to The Sporting News, Legion teams, including 13 Class A in the original national youth baseball Frank Gianelli wrote from Phoenix, the Phoenix area. tournament, is now in full swing in its Ariz., that the National American Le- Coach Bard Miller has, altogether, 36th year, with some 16,000 teams spon- gion Champions for 1961 of Luke- five regulars and three utility players left sored by local Posts all over the country Creenway Post 1, in Phoenix (who are from last year— a powerful nucleus that engaging one another locally, each with co-sponsored by Phoenix's Kerr Sporting could go a long way—though the odds an eye to climbing up the ladder to their Goods Store) are suffering from their against a repeater are enormous. state, regional, and finally the national success. New Legion teams flowered in Cincinnati elimination rounds. Swords (in the per- the Phoenix area after the Post 1-Kerr The runners-up from Cincinnati, son of thousands of challengers) hang Sporting Goods gang came home with Ohio, in last year's tourney will be strong over the heads of the eight teams that the national championship. The champs again this year, said writer Pat Harmon got into the finals at Hastings, Nebraska still have those of last year's regulars in a report to The Sporting News. The last year. They were, in the order of their who are still eligible, including the number two team in the nation has a final standing, the teams sponsored by powerful pitching combination of the (Continued on page 26) the following Posts (1) Post 1, Phoenix, Arizona, Nat'l YOGI STEALS HOME - IN 1942 LEGION SECTIONAL GAME Champion; (2) Post 554, Cincinnati, Ohio; (3) Post 1, Omaha, Nebraska;

(4) Post 72, Brooklawn, N. J.; (5) Post 4, Billings, Montana; (6) Post 284, Colonial Heights, Virginia; (7) Post 1, Jackson, Miss, and (8) Post 96, West Hartford, Conn. Their 1962 prospects are reviewed below.

Bismarck, North Dakota, and its sumptious and influential American Le- gion Post 1, will be host to the eight unknowns who will fight it out in the final round in 1962, between August 28 and Sept. 2. North Dakota's capital city is already far along in the planning to receive the young Legion-sponsored athletes from all over the nation who will play 14 or 15 games to determine the final national champion. Bismarck and its twin city of Mandan on the Missouri Biver are baseball-mad towns, among the few in the country to recently have taken on new minor league teams. Man- dan will hold one of the Legion Begional eliminations earlier. Bismarck is adding Here's one of the most famous photos in the files of the Hastings (Nebr.) Daily Tribune, (to 5,000 seats to the capacity of its Munici- whom thanks). It is Yogi Berra stealing home for the Legion Junior Baseball team of Stockham Post, of St. Louis, in a sectional game against Los Angeles' Sunrise Post, played at Hastings pal Ball Park for the Legion finals. in 1942. The famous Yankee catcher, still active in the outfield and at bat, is one of 268 Thanks to its nationwide network of present Major Leaguers who played Legion ball, and one of the few who got close to the sportswriters, we are indebted to The national finals in the tough competition. Yogi played in the outfield, pitched and caught for Sporting News, of St. Louis, Mo., for a St. Louis. On this play he took a big lead off third, retreated during the pitcher's wind-up, then headed for home. Catcher Dick Behnke of L.A. claimed that batter Russ Steger interfered with rundown on how last year's finalists hope him, but as Behnke (already starting to yell) dropped the ball. Umpire "Peaches" Postlewaite to defy the odds and make the trip to of Omaha ruled that Behnke interfered with the batter and Yogi scored. Behnke got the final Bismarck. consolation, as Yogi's team lost out and Los Angeles went on to the 1942 National Crown.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 23 Ready and waiting to be won!

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a £2 Baseball and walked off with the Louisville Slug- last year. The team still has a tight in- (Continued from page 23) ger award. Without the top Legion field and tough batting order, and is still new Post as sponsor, Cincinnati's Buckle junior hitter of last year, Omaha still has under manager Joe Barth, who has had Post has taken over from the Gehlert most of its players back and some strong a way of winning ever since he took over Post. Budde Post had the Number Two new candidates. But like the Cincinnati the team 11 years ago. Bed Hamer re- team in the nation in 1949. A new co- team it has a tough job to survive in its ported to The Sporting News from sponsor is the Coca Cola Co. of Cin- Philadelphia—across the Delaware River cinnati. Dick Hauck is still the coach from Brooklawn—that Barth has a lot of and has seven regulars left from the talent to work with, and talent in Barth's team that lost out only in the last game hands is dangerous to all challengers. in 1961. Missing is Jim Gruber, en- Billings shrined in Baseball's Hall of Fame as the Last year's 5th place team from Yel- most valuable Legion player in the land lowstone Post in Billings, Montana, was last year. Eddie Brinkman is no longer but one of a series of Billings teams that with the team, having been signed by have been in national contention year the Washington Senators. But his in and year out. Billings has three of its brother Chuck is there to do the catch- pitchers left from last year, writer Roy ing. Defensively, the team seems as good Anderson reported. Veteran catching, or better than last year, but the hitting and a strong hitting outfield are also power might be down. The team may back. The infield is mostly new, and the see hope in the fact that it was a Cin- team is young—average age 16%. Billings cinnati team which defied the seemingly is a habitual winner, and Coach Ed impossible odds in the past, by winning Bayne feeds the team from a strong Babe the national title five times, as well as Last year's champs return to Phoenix, Ariz., Ruth League of younger ballplayers in taking a third and a fourth. That was after seeing first two World Series games as Billings. Veteran catcher Dick Brickley, Legion guests. Nat'l Commander Bacon and Cincinnati's Bentley Post, under coach a standout in Legion ball, is back. Bill- Arizona Legion NECman Soleng Tom, lower Joe Hawk. But in order to get out of its right, were among their greeters. ings will always be a threat under Bayne, own district, the 1961 runners-up will regardless of the odds. have to get by that same Bentley Post, own bailiwick, with the strong Omaha Colonial Heights coached by the same Joe Hawk. When Pepsis, as well as teams used to win- Colonial Heights, Virginia, started the you read this that will have been de- ning at Hastings and Grand Island, Ne- season raring to do even better than its cided. braska, entirely willing to keep Omaha 6th place finish out of 16,000 last year. Omaha short of even the Nebraska title. Post 284 had had a team only two years Maurice Shadle wrote from Omaha Brooklawn when it went that far. The two-man that Omaha Post l's 3rd place 1961 Last year's 4th place team of Post 72, coaching team of Coach Roland Fon- team, under coach Ken Bauermeister, is Brooklawn, N. J., which was also in the taine and assistant Rich Rogers is back, hopeful of making the finals again, national finals two years ago, has left and so is nearly the whole 6th place though it has lost bespectacled Pitcher- only one of a staff of veteran pitchers team of last year, including first base- Outfielder Ken McEwen, who batted a which were so valuable a year ago. The man (and slugger) Tommy Kidd, al- stupendous .548 in the tourney last year, survivor is Dick Laxton, who was 5-1 ready a center of attention of major league scouts. So reported writer Jack Fulp from Petersburg, Va. Only two THE PRESIDENT MAKES AN AWARD FOR A LEGION POST starters have been lost by Colonial Heights, and the replacement for short- stop Dave Trickier is Jimmy Rosenstock, a handy man with a bat from Petersburg High School. Coach Fontaine, a Colonial Heights policeman, was most optimistic over another year in the limelight. Colonial Heights draws from the tri-city area of Colonial Heights, Petersburg and Hope- well, Va., an area with some potent young ballplayers, as the two-year-old team proved last year. Jackson Jackson, Mississippi, is another place where success last year has only whetted an appetite for more. The 7th place team of Henry H. Graves Post 1 surprised itself when it woke up in Hastings, Ne- Marine President John F. Kennedy is here seen awarding the annual American Merchant braska, as one of the top eight in the Achievement trophy of Robert L. Hague Post of The American Legion (N.Y.C.) to Senator nation last year. Perhaps the surprise at Warren Magnuson of Washington. The Legion believes a strong U.S. Merchant Marine is essential to national security. The Hague Post Legionnaires include numerous experts and leaders being in the bigtime was one of the in the shipping field, including Henry C. Parke, Chairman of the Legion's Nat'l Merchant causes of dropping two straight games. Marine Committee. Sen. the Senate on Commerce, got the Magnuson, Chairman of Committee Now Jackson is used to the idea and has 1962 trophy for his legislative work on behalf of a strong U.S. merchant fleet. Nat'l Legion virtually the same team back again—13 Commander Charles L. Bacon (right) joined the Hague Post in honoring Sen. Magnuson at the White House function on Nat'l Maritime Day, May 22. out of 15 of the 1961 team are back as

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 NEWS a result of the new rule permitting 18- West Hartford has four others left from come up with a state winner. The state year-olds to play the season out. last year, including pitcher Joe Cassa- baseball committeemen are numerous, Ace pitcher Claude Reeder (11-2 last rino, a true veteran of American Legion but at least their chairmen are so few year) is one of the college freshmen who Baseball who was so good so young that that we can name them all in small may play for the first time under the he is still within the age limit in this, type. Here are the head men of the state 18-year-old rule this year. He was 4-0 his fourth season. West Hartford likes committees which will see to it that 51 on the mound for the Mississippi State plenty of tough competition, and sched- state tournaments are held by Aug. 12 U. freshmen this spring. Coach Robert ules tough teams outside its local league ("state" is a misnomer. D.C. and the Berry was very happy as the season during the initial local round. On July Canal Zone are in the national tourna- opened, and the citizens of Jackson were 4, West Hartford and Colonial Heights, ment, Pennsylvania is not, hence 51). looking for big things, according to the Va., set up a bigtime non-sched game Mack McWhorter of Montgomery, Ala.; Bill Weiss of Ketchikan, Alaska; Bus Mead of filed Sporting report with The News by at West Hartford. Winslow, Ariz.; Fred Williams of Newport, writer Robert Fulton from Jackson. The only trouble with the great out- Ark.; Pat Ahern of Long Beach, Calif.; S. A. Anderson of Denver, Colo. West Hartford look of all of last year's finalists is that Sam Gorman of West Hartford, Conn.; Bill 1961's eighth finalist has its top thousands of teams with talent just as Melville of Hartley, Del.; Wilson Westbrook Clear- pitcher, Dick Caley, back, as well as the likely, though less known, are ready and of Washington, D.C; George Dalby of water, Fla.; Dorris Holt of Albany, Ga.; Phil same coach, Clayton Johnson. That willing to knock them off. Even if all Minn of Honolulu, T.H. would be the Nutmeggers, of Haynes- eight of them weather their own state E. B. Anderson of Lewiston, Idaho; Frank Mace of Canton, 111.; Ray Smith of Indian- Velhage Post 96, Hartford, Conn., tourneys, they'll have to get other West by 43 apolis, Ind.; F. W. McQuigg of Schaller, Iowa; a team with a three-year American Le- Department winners in order to finish Howard Randall of Olathe, Kans.; Wayne Spoonamore of South Mitchell, Ky. gion Baseball record of 93 wins and 15 as high as eighth in the nation. Any boys' Ben Abadie of New Orleans, La.; Sid losses. This team was third in the United team that weathers the state and re- Schwartz of South Portland, Me.; Bob- Koch Springfield, States finals in 1959 as well as 8th last gional tournaments in The American of Baltimore, Md.; Jim Denver of Mass.; George Frederick of Detroit, Mich.; year. Last year Caley pitched 48 innings, Legion is truly a great team. 286 of the Tom Warner of Minneapolis, Minn. yielded five runs, fanned 33 and has "a present major leaguers played Legion Jim McLeod of Brandon, Miss.; Lloyd Machholz of Chillicothe, Mo.; Jack Russell of average" to quote ball, of never a smell gaudy 0.90 earned run and most them had Anaconda, Mont.; Jack Ditter of Grand Island, writer Jerry Strecker's report to The of the title. Yogi Berra got part way in Nebr. ; Max Grimm of Reno, Nev. Karl Underwood of Keene, N.H.; Art Pow- Sporting News from West Hartford. 1942—see photo on page 23. ers of Fairlawn, N.J.; R. L. Crownover of Albuquerque, N.Mex.; Dick Conners of Al- bany, N.Y.; Duma Bledsoe of Raleigh, N.C.; How Legion Runs Boys' Ball Teams Otto Helm of New Rockford, N.Dak. 16,000 Larry Scales (and Director Charlie Davis) both of Columbus, Ohio; O. B. Powers of And Produces Natl Champ From June to Sept. Duncan, Okla.; Herb Peterson of Portland, Oreg.; R. S. Brogie of Balboa, C.Z.; Stan K. Gar- Who runs the Legion's big boys' base- Trenton is the New Jersey team that has Legawiec of Central Falls, R.I.; W. rison of Anderson (and Commissioner A. B. ball program? How can 16,000 teams be most often had its name up in the big- Fennell of Columbia) So. Car. pushed through an organized schedule time, until the Brooklawn team got into Jack Dorman of Castlewood, S.Dak.; Marv Jarvis of Nashville, Tenn.; Jim Reed of Gaines- starting in June and come up with a na- the finals in recent years. ville, Tex.; Don Frisehnecht of Salt Lake City, tional champion in the first week of Your Post has its Joe Bonin, (let's Utah; Ray Murphy of Rutland, Vt.; Howard September? Evans of Poquoson, Va. Ernie Tannler of Seattle, Wash.; Frank The answer is typically Legion, be- Securo of Fairmont, W.Va.; Bob Beltrone of of Wor- cause it takes a veritable legion of adults Appleton, Wise; and Lloyd Seaman land, Wyo. in a labor of love to run the whole thing off smoothly. National Local After all the states have certified their Your writer is a member of Post 78, champions, the national organization in Englewood, N.J. Our Post has one of provides 8 regional elimination tourna- the teams. Joe Boirin handles our team. ments reducing the field from 51 teams He is a WWI vet in his 60's — and a to 8. Of enormous assistance to the na- steelworker by day. Joe is an awful lot tional organization are (1) Organized of the Legion in our Post. He's the Baseball, which guarantees regional and service officer too. He's been doing both final tournaments against loss up to jobs for years. Joe calls on all widows of $60,000, and (2) The nine communities deceased veterans to see what he can do and Legion Posts which take the job of for them. He visits the sick in the East hosting the regional and final tourneys. A close pickoff at 3rd in game between Cincin- Orange VA hospital. He files claims for This year the regional tournaments nati and Jackson, Miss., in last year's finals. any local veteran with the Veterans Ad- are at: ministration. In the spring he rounds hope) and the fellows who do the enor- 1. Keene, New Hampshire (Conn.; up the local boy baseball players from mous job of organizing and running Me.; N.H.; R.I. and Vt.) our two high schools, whips them into a 16,000 Legion boy baseball teams are 2. College Park, Maryland (Del.; team. He scrounges transportation for Joe Bonin times 16,000. But that doesn't D.C; Md., N.J., N.Y.; W. Va.) them to their scheduled games. He regu- put them all together in a national pro- 3. Colonial Heights, Virginia (Ala.; larly attends County Legion meetings, is gram. Fla.; Ga.; N.C.; S.C.; Va.) frequently a county Legion Baseball State 4. Helena, Arkansas (Ark.; La.; committeeman or chairman. Usually our By August 12th this year, all the state Miss.; Panama C.Z.; Tenn.; Tex.) team gains some county laurels, and we championships must be decided. It's the 5. Murphysboro, Illinois (111.; Ind.; remember when we won the state title worry of the state headquarters and the Ky.; Mich.; Mo.; Ohio) some years back. But more often we are state baseball committeemen to run off 6. Mandan, North Dakota (Alaska; 1 of the 16,000. The Schroth team in a tournament of the local champs to (Continued on next page)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 27 BASEBALL in turn by the Legion's unpaid members by an unofficial national body comprised (Continued from previous page) of its National Americanism Commis- of the state and other Department base- Iowa; Minn.; Nebr.; No.Dak.; So. Dak.; sion, chairmanned this year by Charles ball chairmen, and many of the Depart- Wise.) Hamilton, St. Louis, Mo., attorney. ment Adjutants, who gather once a year 7. Altus, Oklahoma (Colo.; Idaho; Rules and planning are strongly guided to make joint suggestions. Kans.; Mont.; Okla.; Wyo.) 8. Las Vegas, New Mexico (Ariz.; Vets For Whom New Law is Sought Already Eligible; Calif.; T.H.; Nev.; N.Mex.; Oreg.; Utah; But Pressures in Their Imperil Their Rights. Wash.) Name Finals (8 regional winners, two losses Vigorous discussions at quite a few of a new law for his relief. Simply refer and out) — Bismarck, No.Dak. American Legion state conventions this him to the nearest American Legion Top worry man nationally is George summer have indicated a general lack of Service Officer, to file a claim under Rulon, who wasn't shot up bad enough knowledge about the non-service-con- existing law. in the ETO in WW2 to lose his enthusi- nected pensions that are available to war The type of law sought in citing these asm for life and baseball. Rulon, as veterans. Numerous speakers from the cases, would provide about $100 a Assistant National Americanism Direc- floors of various state conventions have month to nearly all veterans over 65. It tor, has already logged nearly 100,000 told delegates that they know of penni- would include veterans who are in com- miles traveling about the country to set less 72-year-old veterans, physically un- fortable circumstances, by raising in- up the tournaments and jell all details able to work, for whose relief a general come limits and excluding retirement with the Legion baseball officials in the veterans pension law should be enacted, benefits. The American Legion believes states and with organized baseball. A granting $100 a month-or-so to most such a law to be a legislative impossi- native of Jamestown and long a resident veterans after age 65. bility, and that if Congress were pres- of Fargo (both North Dakota) Rulon Under the existing law, any war vet- sured into adopting its general princi- worked 11 years as a service officer of eran who meets that description, and ples, as might happen under tremendous the Legion in his home state, after twice who was honorably discharged from 90 pressure, the amount paid monthly being wounded in WW2. His dedicated days or more service, may receive a non- would be greatly compromised, to the and capable work for the Legion in service-pension of from $85 to $100 a detriment of veterans who are in great North Dakota (where he is a member month. In fact a penniless veteran of need. There are close to 3,000,000 vet- of Fargo's Gilbert C. Grafton Post) any war and any age, who is permanent- erans who would become eligible for ended up in his being wooed away to ly and totally disabled and unable to about $1200 a year, for a total yearly head up the Membership Division at work may receive $85 to $100 a month payment of about $3¥i billion dollars. the Legion's Nat'l Hq in Indianapolis. under existing law. Veterans in similar The numbers would increase. When the resignation of Lou Brissie as condition, who have incomes up to (The proposed law would apply only top Legion baseball executive left an $3,000 may, if they have a dependent, to WWI veterans and would add from opening, Rulon was the natural choice, receive smaller pensions (the amount 700,000 to a million pensioners, but it as his enthusiasm for baseball had long depending on the amount of other in- is hard to see how it could be enacted been second only to his enthusiasm for come.) Veterans over 65 need not be without including WW2 and Korea vet- The American Legion. Rulon, at 41, more than 10% disabled in order to qual- erans. The 1940 draft took men 45 years gives the program capability, enthusi- ify for a pension if they are otherwise old, and they are 67 this year. Many asm and loyalty. Rulon handles the base- in the condition cited. WW2 veterans who volunteered are also ball work under National Americanism When a veteran in such a plight is in their 60's today and some are in their Director C. A. Tesch. Policy is guided known, there is no need to urge passage 70's. As a general pension bill would have to be argued on the grounds that age and past service rated entitlement, the proponents of the bill would have to deny their strongest argument if they were to exclude veterans of WW2 and Korea of the same age and similar past military service.) Another difficulty in limiting such a bill to WWI veterans, is that the older WW2 veterans have received less federal benefit than any other generation of war veterans. Virtually none of the GI Bill benefits went to the WW2 vets who are now in their fifties, sixties and seventies. They had already educated or job-trained and housed themselves before the war. As no federal "bonus" or adjusted compensation was paid them, most of the war veterans in the land who have received no federal benefits as veterans at all are the older WW2 vets. Nearly a quarter A huge Veterans Memorial Center will soon stand on New York City's Union Square, once million WW2 vets are now in their six- architect Maurice Bacon shows plans of famous for rabble-rousing red soap box orators. Here, ties. the $7. million edifice to James J. O'Melia, executive director of the new project. Eight N. Y. (Continued on next page) vets organizations, including the Legion, have joined the project, will be officed there.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 :

It is conceivable that Congress could DOUBLE AD ment to those WWI and other veterans be pressured into extending the princi- whose personal circumstances demon- ples of the general pension, substituting strate a right to assistance out of regard a pension-for-age for the present pen- for their past service to the nation. sions for need and disability. If the na- American Legion Nat'l Commander tion's veterans make it clear that that is Charles L. Bacon, asked by the press to what is wanted, it could happen. But comment on the pension situation, set it is not conceivable that the amount forth the Legion's position as follows: would be $100 a month, since a proposal " ( 1 ) That disability pension benefits are to add billions to the Federal budget based on a showing of disability and under a high pressure campaign, would unemployability. (2) That need (but generate equal or greater opposition not indigency or destitution) is an es- pressure. The federal government is sential element of entitlement. ( 3 ) That presently paying about $1.8 billion in war veterans similarly situated should non-service pensions to veterans who are be similarly treated by their government, disabled and in need, and most of the regardless of the dates of their service. provisions of the present law are tailored (4) That special consideration and spe- to hold the cost to about that figure, as cial attention should be given to veterans it is already about l/40th of the fed- aged 65 and over." eral budget. The Coca-Cola Bottling Co. of Corinth, Miss., The Commander said that "The The great danger to fair treatment of has no hesitancy in advertising the Legion American Legion has had as one of its war veterans in recognition of past serv- and Americanism along with its own product, . . . major . . . objectives . . . the liberali- as this photo from Adjt. R. O. McKewen of ices that lies in pressuring through such zation of the . . . present laws. Le- Corinth's Post 6 testifies. Post Life Member Two a proposal is that the aged, penniless, Lee Knight asked the firm for the sign and gion sponsored bills are pending, HR886 unable-to-work veteran who can now get up it went. and HR2237, which recognize the pres- up to $100 a month would be reduced in ent concepts. They would increase the order to distribute the available part of that by the time the Senate were pressed amounts of pension payable, give spe- the federal budget to veterans who are to act for the bill it would be under anti- cial attention to veterans aged 65 and in less need than he. pension and anti-veteran public pres- over, and eliminate undesirable features The American Legion has not sup- sures of enormous magnitude. When a of existing legislation." ported the general pension idea, and in similar bill was proposed in 1948 the net Meanwhile, if you know of any aged result was a wave of anti-veteran senti- honorably discharged war veteran of NEW CONTEST ment (even without passage by the 90 days service unable to work, and House) which for years greatly jeopar- broke, rush him to your Post Service dized the existing veterans program that Officer for an existing pension. is especially sympathetic to veterans A with demonstrable need of the benefits. Q & The news that 201 Representatives How Come That "French" Girl? had signed the discharge petition, Q. It was wonderful to see that the brought a flood of newspaper editorials, daughter of a lost B-29 pilot won our such as that of the N. Y. Herald Tribune National Oratorical Contest and its of June 29, headed "Stop this Veterans' $4,000 scholarship. In reading the small Grab" which ended by suggesting that type, I noticed that The American Le- A new national contest will be held at the Rep. Winfield Denton, who introduced gion of France sent a girl with a German Legion's 44th Nat'l Convention in Las Vegas, the bill, should be retired from office by name (Helgard Voigt) from Germany Nevada, in October. It's a national champion- oratorical ship for singing quartets. Here, members his 8th Indiana Congressional District, to compete in the regional of Post 312, Indianapolis, get in practice. and an AP story that if the Congress elimination at Dover, Delaware. Can passed the bill the President would you say why the Legion in France sent debate on convention floors since 1949 veto it. a girl from Germany? Or in what school the realistic problems cited here have Today, the veterans in greatest need in Europe did she debate the U.S. Con- been those that have governed Legion of pension are for the most part WWI stitution in order to qualify? Who on policy on the subject. A group of WWI veterans. Almost an even million WWI earth paid her way back and forth across veterans organized for the chief purpose vets are presently pensioned because of the Atlantic? If these questions have of having a general pension enacted their age, need and disability, under the good answers, they must be great ones. have recently pressured their Congress- existing law, whose principles are sup- Let's have them! /. F. Smythe, San Fran- men so successfully that, by the first of ported by the Legion. The Legion is cisco, Cal. July, 201 members of the House had dissatisfied with the law in detail, though A. The American Legion Posts in signed a petition to get the bill out of not in principle. The amounts payable West Germany are affiliated with the committee, 18 short of the votes needed. in the upper brackets of the permissible Department of France. As for Miss But the Legislature, under organized income level are believed to be inade- Voigt, Milo Shaw, Sgt. at Arms of The pressure, has many ways of seeming nice quate; and the counting of a wife's in- American Legion of France, reports as and still blocking an act. Under great come as disqualifying income has been follows heat, the House could pass the bill and applied in many instances where it Miss Voigt, 17, is a U.S. citizen of throw it to the Senate. This could hap- should not have been, the wife's income German origin. Her parents fled red- pen. However, with news of its passage not having been available to the vet- occupied Wiemar, Germany, to Salt by the House the Legislature could rely eran. These and other aspects of the Lake City, Utah, in 1951, under Mor- upon the strongest public reaction present law would be amended under mon Church sponsorship, and were against war veterans in many years, so Legion proposals, to give better treat- naturalized there. (Cont'd on next page)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 29 man Ernest T. Wagstaff, who served on the above Robert S. Lufkin and Orville D. Martin and She is the eldest of 5 daughters of ship in 1918, needs info which may guide her Chester W. Page (all 1961), Post 283, Lunenburg, Werner Voigt, who joined the U.S. Army to his service record. Prior to WWI, Wagstaff Mass. was a lightweight boxer. Friends who knew him Estey V. Brown and Willard W. Leavenworth and duty in and is a Stall Sergeant now on then may have recollections that would be clues Everett G. Lovcring (all 1962), Post 293, East Long- what his widow seeks. Contact: Mrs. Marian Frankfurt, Germany. to meadow, Mass. C. Wagstaff, 1934 Catawba St., S.E., Roanoke, Gerhard H. Hardebeck and Simon Hempel and The American Legion of France di- Va. Claude McGowan and Amos P. Sprague (all 1962), U.S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, Calif. Qucntin H. Post 51, Buchanan, Mich. \ ided its 1962 Nat'l Oratorical Contest Chadwick sought. A member of the staff of the C. Hollinger and W. Kaiser and G. Kochaniac above hospital, Chadwick was a friend of the for American high schools into a French and W. Kuglin (all 1962), Post 261, East Detroit, late Velder T. Mehsling in the Marine Corps. Mich. and a German District. Miss Voigt en- He may be able to provide info about Mehsling Henry A. Winter (1962), Post 314, Winthrop, helpful to his widow, Mrs. Betty Lou Mehsling. Minn. tered the contest from The American Contact: F. A. Robinson, Service Officer, Morgan Henry Capdepon, Sr. and Gerald V. Price, Sr. County, c/o Illinois State Veterans Commission, School in Frankfurt. She was sponsored (both 1962), Post 139, Bay St. Louis. Miss. 6 — 7 Morrison Bldg., Jacksonville, III. George J. Hancock (1962), Post 135, Ogallala, hy the Hanau American Legion Post 7. 2nd Marine Division, 6th Reg't, 3rd Bn., L Co., Nebr. 3rd Platoon — WW2. Members of the above out- Whitlow Post 76. Princeton, N.J. champions of James E. (1962). She won over high school fit who remember Burnell O. Nelson in the Charles F. Bryan (1961), Post 158. Egg Harbor Saipan and Tinian operations, Naval American schools in seven German and any City, N.J. medical personnel who may recall Nelson, may Minnie Hofmann (1959), Post 406, East Orange, cities: Kaiserslautern, Mannheim, assist him in a claim handled by The American N.J. Legion. Contact: Burnell O. Nelson, 139 Mitscher Pequannock, Karls- George Chriswell (1961), Post 450, Heidelberg, Munich, Augsburg, Street, Chula Vista, Calif. N.J. ruhe and Ludwigsburg. Armed Forces Walter W. Kerzner (1962), Post 44, Malverne, N.Y. Radio, Stars and Stripes and Overseas Surprise Dividend Lee F. Wittig (1962), Post 135. White Plains, N.Y. Family gave the contest wide coverage Matured permanent-plan WWI VA Joseph Fallert and Win. B. Fletcher and A. L. among the American community in insurance policies got a surprise div-, Goble and F. J. Hamra (all 1953), Post 391, Brook- lyn, N.Y. Europe. idend this year. Here's how come: Since Paul G. A. Reynolds and Arthur M. Shrager and Claire J. Smith and Thomas R. Walsh (all 1961). the District title, 1953 has paid "terminal" dividends Having won German VA Post 543, New York, N.Y. Miss Voigt met and defeated the cham- on permanent WWI policies that come Frank Clark and William Sisti and Louis Werkel (all 1961), Post 774, Bronx, N.Y. pion of the French District, in the finals to a natural end. A special dividend to sponsored by American Legion Post 8 all of them but the matured one's last in Munich. The French District Cham- year ended the "terminal" dividend. That HEADS PENNA. POST pion was William Osteen, Jr., 18, of left the "terminal" funds for the Orleans High School, France. He and matured policies on hand. So the ma- Miss Voigt were the survivors of 290 tured permanent policies got a special contestants high schools in in American dividend this year, to complete the end- Germany and France. ing of paying "terminal" dividends. She thus qualified to compete in the U.S. regional contest in Dover, Del. Helgard and her mother flew on TWA LIFE MEMBERSHIPS jet from to the Rhein-Main, Germany, The award of a life membership to a U.S. Legionnaire by his Post is a testimonial by those who know him best that he Transportation was provided by has served The American Legion well. Below are listed some of the pre- Stuart Reichstein, Director of The viously unpublished life membership American Military International Insur- Post awards that have been reported to the editors. They are arranged by ance Ass'n and a member of American States or Depts.

Legion Post 1, Paris, France. Thomas William Skov (1962), Post 123. Santa Monica, K. Zaucha, of Republic, Pa., won the Calif. Homer A. Wright (1962). Post 241, Baldwin Park, contest at Dover, Del., ending Miss Calif. Miss Anne Cawthern is the first woman to be- Voigt's bid for the national title. Alfred Baptist and John Schimelpfenig (both come Commander of a mostly-male Legion 1962), Post 429, San Francisco. Calif. Post in Pennsylvania's 17th District. A vet of Zaucha was in turn defeated by James Carl Reed and Howard Rheingans and W. L. Robertson and Clark Van Nostrand (all 1961), Post the Army Nurse Corps in WW2, she's the new R. Barrett III, of Bangor, Me., who fin- 53, Monte Vista, Colo. Commander of Post 73 in Shamokin, Pa. Miss Jacob Lawson and Earl Moore (both 1962), Post ished 4th in the final round at Salt Lake Cawthern is a nurse at Shamokin State Gen- 114, Grand Valley, Colo. City, Utah. Had Miss Voigt made the Ernest T. Albertine (1961) and John J. Ahem eral Hospital. There's no count of the women (1962), Post 83, Branford. Conn. vets in the Legion — probably more than 100,- finals, she would have been competing Robert Grant (1961). Post 168. Warren, Conn. 000. In many areas women have served as in her adopted U.S. hometown. William A. Kay (1962), Post 302. Chicago, 111. Walter Paquette (1962). Post 305. Chicago, 111. Commanders of so-called male Posts as well Henry Gumkowski and Verne B. Harris and as of all-women's Posts. Meta R. Hull and Stanley Komorowski (all 1962), Post 330. Calumet City, III. COMRADES IN DISTRESS Lawrence Di Prima (1962), Post 885, Chicago, 111. [ j Jack Johnson (1962). Post 1437, Chicago, 111. Erhard E. Carlson and Harvey E. Crandall and Readers who can help these com- Roland Kindig (1962), Post 308. Osceola, Ind. Harry H. Haag and Roy E. Hitchcock (all 1962), Clarence Bittinger Cliff Celoron. N.Y. rades are urged to do so. W. and Bowman and Post 777. Chester A. Tripp (all 1962), Post 1, Spencer, Iowa. Harry M. Sullivan (1962), Post 886, Wooclside, Notices are run at the request of John F. Hatiber (1960), Post 108, Pleasantville. N.Y. The American Legion Nat l Rehabilita- Iowa. Benjamin Komarow (1962). Post 1049, New York, tion Commission. They are not ac- Robert Siehke and Arthur Sorensen (both 1962), N.Y. cepted from other sources. Post 353, Dixon, Iowa. John M. Cannella (1962). Post 1093. New York. Readers wanting Legion help with Ernest E. Plock (1962). Post 15, Louisville, Ky. N.Y. Alee S. Rouleau Louis M. Sehapiro (1962), Post 1129. Brooklyn, claims should contact their (1962), Post 75, Old Town, local serv- Maine. N.Y. ice officers. Harold C. Smith and Hugh Thompson (both Charles Pesso (1962). Post 1698. Brooklyn, N.Y. Service officers unable to locate 1962), Post 86, Rockville. Md. Lester G. Long (1962). Post 336. East Bend, N.C. needed witnesses for claims develop- Samuel M. Loose and Clifford E. Sullivan (both E. W. Kibler (1962). Post 11, Cavalier, N. Dak. ment should refer the matter to the 1962). Post 116, Reisterstown. Md. Carl A. Schuh and Sidney B. Tewksbury (both Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission Richard R. Samuels (1962), Post 128, Aberdeen. 1962). Post 99, Seaside. Oreg. Md. Lloyd Morris (1962), Post 102, Portland, Oreg. through normal channels, for further Arthur Carson, Sr. (1962), Post 177, Baltimore. Kenneth E. Kressler and Fred W. McElroy and search before referral to this column. Md. Luella C. Warner and Bertha N. Wolfe (all 1961), Albert Zorn (1962), Post 180, Rosedale, Md. Post 9, Easton, Pa. Camp Beale, Calif. 1945. Company C. Lt. McQual Charles W. Clark (1962), Post 196, Suitland, Md. Donald T. Gutelius and Freeman Neidig and sought. Info from 1st Lt. McQual. who was Napoleon M. Beaudry and Charles Sirois (both George W. Wilson (all 1962), Post 44, Northumber- Commander of Company C Replacement Depot. 1962). Post 109. Sturbridge. Mass. land, Pa. Camp Beale. Calif, in 1945, is needed in con- Roland Leach (1962), Post 175, Longmeadow, Clarence E. Moser and George W. Murray and nection with a veteran's claim handled by The Mass. Irvin C. Nickle (all 1960). Post 295, Brownsville, Pa. American Legion. Contact: Ivan Van Note, Box Herbert Grime (1962), Post 228, Somerset, Mass. Samuel Bronstein (1962). Post 434, Ashland, Pa. 444, Saybrook. Illinois. Alvin G. Kenney and James H. Sheeran (both William S. Herrington and Benjamin E. Keim Troopship '-Fairmont" \V W I . The widow of Sea- 1961), Post 270. Boston Mass. (both 1962), Post 515, Latrobe, Pa.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AU GUST 1962 .

NEWS BRIEFLY Michael Zelinsky and John Zielasko (both 1960), 127th Inf Reg't (WW1 & 2)-(Sept.) Clifford G. Post 544, Minersville, Pa. Peters, 1629 W. Lorain St., Appleton, Wise. Edward Cappola and Daniel Duffy and Norman 127th Inf Reg't, Co L-(Sept.) Leslie A. Burow, ABOUT Ott and Howard Pyle (all 1962), Post 738, Phila- 223 N. Pleasant Ave., Jefferson, Wise. delphia, Pa. 137th Inf Reg't, Co K (WWl)-(Sept.) George G. Milton Glass (1962), Post 962. Reading, Pa. Meeske, Box 20, Coffeyville, Kans. Fred M. Fuecker (1962), Post 11, Seattle, Wash. 138th Aero Sqdn (WWl)-(Oct.) Joseph P. Lafond, Ralph A. Brown and Pat Garaghan and O. K. 4248 Washington Blvd., Chicago 24, 111. Hill and August Jackel (all 1962), Post 116, Golden- 142nd Inf Reg't, Co H (WWl)-(Oct.) Harry I. dale, Wash. Boothe, Box 128, Quanah, Tex. William A. Carpenter (1962), Post 178, Marys- 164th Inf Reg't-(Oct.) Bernard C. Lyons, Box 990, ville, Wash. Valley City, N. Dak. Frank Boyans (1961), Post 6, Stevens Point, Wis. 206th Coast Art'y (AA)-(Sept.) Dewey W. Gartrell, Richard A. Dehmel (1962), Post 321, German- P.O. Box 211, Sweet Home, Ark. town, Wis. 210th Gen. Hosp. (WW2)-(Sept.) Walter C. Bailey, Kids, Crime and Chaos, Clifford Peil (1960) and Charles J. McLaughlin 310 Lyndale Ave., Ashland, Ohio. by Roul Tunley. AEF)-(Sept.) Louis (1961), Post 382, Menomonee Falls, Wis. 305th Ammo Train (80th Div, harper & bros., $3.95. An objective, com- Goldberg, 1032 Parkview Dr., New Kensington, Pa. monsense report dealing with this problem 315th Inf Reg't-(Aug.) Andrew Stanko, 216 West- Life Memberships are accepted for in all parts of the world. A new approach publication only on an official form, view Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 322nd Field Sig Bn (WWl)-(Nov.) Julius Merkel- is indicated. which we provide. Reports received bach, P.O. Box 24, La Honda, Calif. or only from Commander, Adjutant 324th Field Art'y (WWl)-(Sept.) Willard L. Berry, Finance Officer of Post which awarded 1530 Parker St., Springfield 9, Ohio. Reserve Forces and the Kennedy Strategy, the life membership. 326th Field Art'y, Bat B (WWl)-(Sept.) Chester They may get form by sending Brown, P.O. Box 112, Cynthiana, Ky. by George Fielding Eliot, the stackpoi.e 327th Field Art'y (WWl)-(Sept.) Charles A. Camp- stamped, addressed return envelope to: co., $2.75. A timely book of interest to all bell, 407 S. Cherokee St., Taylorville, 111. "L. M. Form, American Legion Maga- 339th Field Art'y, Bat D-(Sept.) Ben F. Miller, Legionnaires. Ma). Eliot will discuss this zine, 720 5th Ave., New York 19, N.Y." Osceola, Iowa. subject in an article in this magazine next On a corner of the return envelope 361st Engrs Reg't-(Oct.) John R. Breheny, River write the number of names you wish Road, Nauvoo, 111. month. to report. No written letter necessary 463rd AAA Bn-(Oct.) Arthur DeAngelo, 42 Bur- to get forms. gess St., East Haven 12, Conn. 534th AAA—(Aug.) Harvey E. Hoyt, Box 1231, The New Frontier of War, by William R. Elburn, 111. 3939th QM Gasoline Co-(Oct.) William A. Weik- Kintner and Joseph Z. Kornfeder. henry ert, P.O. Box 635, Lancaster, Pa. regnery co., $7.50. Two authorities on 'RinillllUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIJIIMIMIIIIItlllllllltllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIlK NAVY Soviet methods of warfare show how the 63rd Seabees-(Sept.) V. P. Cooley, 101 E. Douglas, communists exploit individuals and or- OUTFIT REUNIONS Knoxville, Iowa. 97th & 108th Seabees-(Sept.) Elmo W. Tanner, ganizations to further Kremlin aims. '^riiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiinii^ 333 E. 10th St., Claremore, Okla. 108th Seabees-See 97th Seabees. above. Reunion will be held in month indicated. Marine Air Grp 25 & SCAT (WW2)-(Sept.) Robert For particulars, write person whose address J. Biggane, Box 88, Canajoharie, N.Y. Why Not Victory? by Barry Goldwater. Newport Yeoman School 1909-1919-(Aug.) Wm. E. is given. MCGRAW-HILL PUBLISHING CO., $3.95. The Notices accepted on official form only. Ragsdale, 2 Summer St., Newport, R.I. USS Baham (AG 71)-(Sept.) Stanley conservative leader failures For form send stamped, addressed return W. Dague, discusses our in Box 290, RFD 1, Rittman, Ohio. envelope to O. R. Form, American Legion foreign policy and offers a program for USS Mt. Vernon (WWl)-(Sept.) William J. Mc- Magazine, 720 Fifth Ave., New York 19, N.Y. Kee, 22 Wolcott St.. West Medford 55, Mass. victory. Notices should be received at least four USS Santa Fe (CL 60)-(Oct.) Frederick C. Jaissle, months before scheduled reunion. 18 Cedar St., Hudson, Mass. USS Thomas Jefferson (APA 30)-(Sept.) Earliest submissions favored when vol- Clifford In Tito's Death Marches, Phelan, 25 Esterbrook Rd., Lexington by Joseph ume of requests is too great to print all. 73, Mass. Hecimovic. Croatian Franciscan press, ARMY ALL SERVICES $2.00. An eyewitness report on the massacre 1st Gas Regt (WWl)-(Oct.) Howard C. O'Brien, Retreads-(Sept.) Elmer H. Braun, 40-07 154th St., 1 St. Botolph St., Boston 16, Mass. Flushing 54, N.Y. of Croatian war prisoners and civilians J. 84 11th Field Art'y-(Sept.) Robert Summers, after II, a brutal operation which had Ampere Parkway, East Orange, N.J. WW 13th Coast Art'y (Ft. Barrancas)-(Oct-) Francis tens of thousands of victims. Walling, 3 Linden Ave., Oneonta, N.Y. THE AMERICAN LEGION 13th Evac. Hosp. (WWl)-(Sept.) Leo J. Bellg, 808 NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS Ash St., Toledo 11, Ohio. MAY 31, 1962 18th Engrs Rwy (WW1) (Oreg. Reunion)-(Oct.) Imperialism Reader, by Louis L. Snyder. J. D. Lyman, 2710 S.E. Courtney Rd., Portland ASSETS van nostrand, $8.50. Documents and read- 22, Oreg. Cash on hand and on deposit. . . 277,384.53 19th Engrs Rwy-(Oct.) Harold R. Jefferson, 5706 Receivables 240,389.39 ings on modern expansionism and its mani- Woodland Ave., Philadelphia 43, Pa. Inventories 538,534.38 festations in Africa, Asia, the Middle and 21st Engrs Rwy (WWl)-(Oct.) George B. Whit- Invested Funds 1,550,455.12 field, 192 Broad St., Eatontown, N.J. Trust Funds: the Near East. 26th Base Hosp. (WWl)-(Sept.) Robert B. Gile, Overseas Graves Decoration 500 South 7th St., Minneapolis 15, Minn. Trust Funds 270,554.33 26th Engrs Reg't (WWl)-(Oct.) W. Wilbur White, Employees Retirement Modern Guerrilla Warfare, edited by Frank- 15217 Forrer Ave., Detroit 27, Mich. Trust Fund 3,271,882.45_ 3,542,436.78 32nd Cav. Recon. Trp.-(Oct.) Edwin J. Babcock, lin Mark Osanka. free press of Glencoe, Real Estate . 814,228.39 R.R. Sparta, Wise. #4, Furniture & Fixtures, 32nd Sta. Hosp. (WW2)-(Oct.) Miss Margaret M. $7.50. The how and why of guerrilla tac- Less Depreciation . . . 231,583.57 McCormick, 59 Pineapple St., Brooklyn 1, N.Y. Deferred Charges .... 57,547.77 tics by 37 experts, including Lenin and Che 38th Inf Div (WW1 & 2)-(Sept.) Albert L. Croy, Box 185, Ohio City, Ohio. $7,252,559.93 Guevara. 52nd Pioneer Inf-(Nov.) Thomas E. Sinton, 2257 University Ave., New York 68, N.Y. LIABILITIES, DEFERRED REVENUE 56th Coast Art'y (WWl)-(Sept.) Harold M. Gre- AND NET WORTH Scarne on Dice, by John Scarne with Clay- gory, 79 Everett St., Stratford, Conn. 82nd Inf Div (WWl)-(Oct.) Thomas J. Conway, Current Liabilities $ 396,021.15 ton Rawson. the stackpole co., $10.00. The Funds Restricted 28 East 39th St., New York 16, N.Y. as to use 22,575.41 greatest living authority on gambling pre- 87th Inf Div-(Sept.) Jack M. Dalton, 4095 S.O.M. Deferred Income 1,504,752.88 Center Rd., Chagrin Falls, Ohio. Trust Funds: sents a revised edition dealing with the Overseas Graves Decoration 100th Inf Dtv-(Sept.) Leonard Mcllvaine, Chest- dancing ivories. nut Ridge Rd., Glens Falls, N.Y. Trust Funds ...$ 270,554.33

102nd QM Reg't, Co B (374th Truck Co)-(Oct ) Employees Retirement Bob Hart, 3109 Tilden Ave., Brooklyn 26, N.Y. Trust Fund 3,271,882.45 3,542,436.78 105th Medical Reg't, Co D-(Aug.) William H. Net Worth: Road to Huertgen, Forest in Hell, by Paul Collins, P.O. Box 226, Madison, N.C. Reserve Fund $ 24,185.11 Boesch. gulf publishing co., $4.95. In three 106th Inf Reg't, Co E-(Oct.) Peter Korba, 10 Lake Restricted Fund . . 22,025.40 Ave., Binghamton, N.Y. Real Estate 814,228.39' interminable months we suffered 28,000 107th Machine Gun Bn, Co B (WW1) - (Sept.) Reserve for Reha- casualties in Huertgen Forest. This is an Clarence L. Collins, 1022 Susquehanna Ave., bilitation .'. 505,122.17 Sunbury, Pa. Reserve for Child eyewitness report of that inferno. 108th Inf Reg't, Co B (WW2)-(Oct.) Edward J. Welfare 70,609.45 Hickey, 71 Fillmore St., Rochester 11, N.Y. Reserve for 109th Engrs Reg't (WWl)-(Oct.) E. W. Rockwell, Convention 60,000.00 yon wish to order any of these books, 1815 Avenue E, Council Bluffs, Iowa. If $1,496,170.52 110th Inf Reg't, Co K (Korea)-(Sept.) Leonard send check or money order made out to Katchmark, 270 Greene St., Waynesburg, Pa. Unrestricted W. Bookmailer, Inc. Address: Box 101, 113th Engrs (WWl)-(Sept.) Leo Fenton, 953 Mul- Capital 290,603.19 1,786,773.71 The berry, Noblesville, Ind. $7,252,559.93 Murray Hill Station, New York, N. Y. 115th Inf Div, Co H-(Sept.) Wilber Fritz, Union Books will be sent postpaid. Bridge, Md. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 31 :

KEY TARGETS OF THE COMMUNISTS (Continued from page 11) were able to enlist the help of thousands Mitchell and Martin went on radio and present battle plans of the Communist of Cubans and many Americans by con- television in the Soviet Union and bitter- Party, USA, are well-calculated efforts to cealing their identity and their real ob- ly attacked and condemned the United embarrass the American economic sys- jective. Cuba was taken by internal sub- States. Yes, they were only two men, but tem; to infiltrate and gain control in our version. Its people and their possessions they did incalculable harm to the security labor organizations; and to secure foot- were taken intact and put to use by in- of the United States and furnished vol- holds in basic American industries, such ternational communism. It is now the umes of effective, insidious propaganda as transportation, manufacturing, com- base of operations for more takeovers in to the communists in the cold war. munications, and chemicals. Success of

Central and South America. Because the matter is still under in- these red objectives will be destruction There are other instances where a rela- vestigation, I cannot name names at this for our way of life." tively few communists in strategic posi- time, but I do know that a disreputable The Defense Department, in request- tions in government were able to flip a ing legislation to help it combat espion- country from the Western into the com- age and possible sabotage in defense munist orbit after just a few murders and plants, told the Committee on Un- assassinations. This is what happened in American Activities:

Iraq. "United States industry is a prime tar- I'm sure that if one of the left-wing get of the communist movement in the crowd accidentally got hold of this United States. It is a primary concern to

American Legion Magazine and read the communist movement that it obtain this article in the dark of night where from American industry information none of his ADA friends would catch concerning the defense structure of the him, he would say: "Well, none of these United States, particularly with reference things can happen in these United to modern weapons of war. To this ex- States." tent, the Communist Party has been con- The left-wing crowd in England said sistently interested in penetrating defense the same thing. We all know that Eng- industries where classified work is being land has just completed a penetrating performed and also basic industries and extensive investigation of communist which, while not engaged in classified infiltration into its government agencies work, may be in support of industries (called in England, the civil service). performing modern weapons' manufac- The results rocked the British Isles and ture. shocked them out of their complacency. "The potential for bringing defense Even Prime Minister Macmillan who, production to a halt by sabotage of like many people in this country, had power facilities is enormous and the heretofore not been too concerned about repercussions would be, I think, disas- "We'll be through with you in a minute, sir. trous the communist internal threat, did a THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE because, if the power itself is cut rightabout-face. off, defense plants cannot produce, and

Since the United States is the prime we would thus be denying ourselves the target in the current struggle with inter- character who for many years was, to weapons which are so essential to our national communism, is anyone so naive say the least, closely associated with national defense effort." as to believe that only the British are the communist causes, occupies a position Here the Defense Department among targets of internal subversion? today where he has high level influence other things makes the point that it is In order to prove the tremendous in agencies of this government. possible for one communist in a key danger of only a few communists in gov- I am convinced in my own mind that position in an electric power plant in ernment, I am not going to beat an old not all of the failures in our missile time of crisis to put out of commission bag of bones by dragging out the Hiss, launchings are due to oversights by our not only defense plants but an entire city. Remington, Judith Coplon, Rosenberg, scientists and technicians. Recently, I In connection with the Defense De- and Abel cases, etc. Instead, let's take a listened to witnesses under oath who partment's request to give it legislative look at the dire results of one of the most charged that defects found in a highly tools to enable it to deal with security recent penetrations of the government complex weapon resulted from sabotage risks in defense plants, the Committee on service by just two security risks. in a plant where communist activity is Un-American Activities conducted ex- Not too many months ago Bernon under investigation. The actual saboteur tensive hearings. I was told by repre- Mitchell and William Martin, two bril- has not been found. sentatives of the Defense Department liant young mathematicians, from good J. Edgar Hoover, who is perhaps the that there are 2,000 potential espionage American homes, educated in our best outstanding authority in this country on agents and potential saboteurs working universities, obtained highly sensitive communist objectives and techniques, in defense plants today. jobs in the top-secret, hush-hush Na- said The Committee found that in the tional Security Agency. They defected to "Soviet espionage activities in this Pittsburgh area alone there were five the Soviet Union and revealed to the country expose the fallacy of so-called plants which had vital defense contracts Kremlin that we had broken the Rus- 'peaceful coexistence.' In recent years, and in which the United Electrical, sians' secret code and that of other pseudo-appeals for peace by communists Radio and Machine Workers of America, satellite nations. Of course, these coun- have been more than matched by intensi- known as UE, had bargaining rights for tries immediately changed their codes. fied communist espionage efforts in the employees. UE was expelled from the

This meant months and perhaps years United States. Using blackmail, bribery, CIO because it was communist domi- when the United States would be de- and similar techniques, communist nated and controlled. Numerous officials prived of valuable intelligence informa- agents, many with diplomatic immunity, of this organization were identified as tion, since it might take that long to de- are stepping up their efforts to obtain our members of the communist apparatus. cipher their new codes. military, scientific, and industrial secrets Then again, let us look at Michael

In addition to their traitorous act, for use against us. . . . Foremost in the Mignon who at one time was an official

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 of the American Communications As- Committee with trying to prevent men This nationality group is then flooded

sociation. At the same time he was a from earning a living because of their with propaganda directed to i his issue. functionary of the Communist Party. political beliefs. It is printed in the language of that The American Communications Associa- It developed at the hearings just how group. It is addressed and mailed from tion has also been expelled from the CIO, dangerous a communist could be aboard Iron Curtain countries directly to indi-

because it was communist dominated and a merchant vessel. It was shown that we viduals in this country. controlled. Michael Mignon, who later are building extremely costly and highly "Average Joe" communist is given the broke with the communists, testified that complex mechanisms and weapons to job of getting the names and current ad- the communist apparatus wanted com- protect this nation from potential Soviet dresses of individuals belonging to their munists working on our communications aggression. Some of these are being specific group. When he transmits such system so that in time of internal or ex- shipped to various parts of the world. In a list to his superiors, "average Joe" ternal conflict with the Soviet Union, tie- a crisis one saboteur, with or without communist completes one of his assign- lines and cables could be sabotaged in a modern electronic devices, could sabo- ments and then eagerly waits for an- matter of minutes. tage these weapons on board a ship. In other. Today this American Communica- fact, he could sink the ship in the Pan- Another key target of the communists

tions Association has bargaining rights ama Canal, the St. Lawrence Seaway, or is the field of entertainment. It is a means for some of the employees of Western one of our harbors, putting them out of by which they can reach millions of peo- Union and Radio Corporation of Amer- commission for many, many months. ple with propaganda that subtly and ica and of course this is because under There are still those, I repeat, who want cleverly presents the communist pro- provisions of the Labor Relations Act the to equate danger with numbers. gram. The Communist Party line may be companies have no alternative but to em- I can hear some die-hards charge that found in a lengthy soliloquy on social ploy such people. These are the compa- very few of these 10,000 communists in injustice. It may be presented in a movie nies that operate and maintain the tie- the United States hold key positions. Let which will be shown around the world,

lines coming out of the Pentagon and the me just give you one example of how or it may be only a snide crack about nine trans-Atlantic cables to Europe. effective a so-called "average Joe" com- patriotism delivered by a "sick" come- Persons have been identified as commu- munist can be. Some 20 million pieces dian in a popular night club. No detail nists who are members of the American of vicious communist propaganda are or opportunity is missed by the commu- Communications Association, who are coming into this country each year nists to use the play or movie for their employed by Radio Corporation of through the United States mail. purposes. America and Western Union, and whose One of the many techniques used in The script for a scene in a satire job it is to maintain and operate these connection with communist propaganda called for Stalin and Hitler to dance vital lines of communication. is to get nationality groups in this coun- together, each holding a knife in the Recently, the Committee developed try to take a position on a current polit- back of the other. The director of the evidence to show that there are com- ical issue involving the Soviet Union. play was a communist. He removed the munists who have radio operators' li- censes from the Federal Communica- tions Commission. These operators — whether working on ship or shore in- DOING IT THE HARD WAY by borr stallations — are in a position to disrupt * (GETTING RID OF DANDRUFF, THAT IS!) —*^ ' our whole Conelrad warning system should this country be attacked. The communists want the American people to believe that their Party in this

country is fading and dying. That is part of their current strategy. To those who consider themselves loyal Americans yet continue to parrot this line — to those who argue that there are so few communists left that we should abolish the Committee on Un- American Activities and weaken the Federal Bureau of Investigation — let me continue to present some additional cogent evidence. The overwhelming majority of the men who serve in the Merchant Marine are hard-working, dedicated, loyal Amer-

icans, but the evidence is clear that a few are not. The question arises: How dangerous to our security are these very few? When the Courts held (due to a de- easier 3-minute way for men: FITCH ficiency in the law) that the Coast Guard Men, get rid of embarrassing dandruff easy as 1-2-3 with FITCH! In just lacked authority to screen security risks 3 minutes (one rubbing, one lathering, one rinsing), every trace of off merchant vessels, hundreds who had B® dandruff, grime, gummy old hair tonic goes been denied seamen's papers were again down the drain! Your hair looks handsomer, permitted on our ships. When the Com- FITCH healthier. Your scalp feels so refreshed. Use mittee on Un-American Activities started LEADING MAN'S FITCH Dandruff Remover SHAMPOO every to correct or plug this loophole in the law week for positive dandruff control. Keep your the communists and the left-wing sob- SHAMPOO hair and scalp really clean, dandruff-free! sisters cried loudly. They charged the

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 33 knife from the communist leader's hand. the United States. These demonstrations To avoid giving any sort of help to Of course, the communists over the were effective propaganda battles in the communist promotions, a negative ap-

years also had a practical reason for cold war. proach is necessary. If the 10,000 reds snaring show people into the communist They were instigated and directed by in this country want to call for things

apparatus. Show people made unusually an unbelievably few trained communists desired by the Kremlin, let it be clear good dupes for communist-front activi- who cleverly used others to do the job. that they speak for themselves. Since ties within the entertainment field. Their The victory for international commu- most Americans are by now aware that talents were used to bring large sums of nism's propaganda assault throughout these people are determined to bury us, money into the coffers of the Communist the world was tremendous. why should we assist in our own inter- Party. Many of them with sizeable in- We must never forget that big oaks ment? comes contributed substantially to the from little acorns grow! However, more than a negative ap- communist treasury. Robert Rossen, a Don't plant or nurture any of those proach is necessary if we are to turn prominent Hollywood director, for a acorns unwittingly. Don't permit your- the red tide and win out in this struggle. time was a member of the communist self to be used by the communists in any There is one area in which we have to movie set. Eventually he became disen- way to advance communist-inspired give due credit to the communists, and chanted and disillusioned with the com- projects. To avoid being so used, you that is their utter dedication to the cause munist offensive. He testified that out of should be very careful about the orga- represented by the red conspiracy. Ob- his salary he contributed $40,000 to com- nizations you join, the meetings you at- viously it is a wrong cause and an evil munist causes. tend, the petitions you sign, contributions one, but we cannot deny that commu- Again, we can see that, while only a you make, and the use of your name. nists work at promoting it in a way that, comparatively few people in the enter- More than one person has been em- to most of us, is absolutely incredible. tainment field served communist causes, barrassed to learn, too late, that his The time has come when Americans yet the total effect of such service was name, his prestige or his money was used are going to have to show some of the tremendous. to help push a cause that had its origin same kind of dedication. We have a na- Let me give you just one more exam- in top communist circles. Before you tion and a way of life that should inspire ple of the point I have been trying to become involved, check carefully the such dedication. make in this article before I close. organization that wants your help and We must understand that we are en-

Two years ago the Committee on Un- the people who are tied up with it. And gaged in a life or death struggle for sur- American Activities was holding hear- if you have any doubts whatsoever, stay vival with the international communist

ings in San Francisco. A substantial clear of it. apparatus; that we cannot hope to pre- number of students, although a handful Many red-inspired projects look inno- vail in this struggle unless all Americans compared to the student body in the cent on the surface, some of them with in every field of endeavor are absolutely San Francisco-Bay area, picketed the expressed goals that are highly com- convinced beyond any doubt that we are hearings. Most of them honestly felt hos- mendable. The Party line in some cases not engaged in a popularity contest with

tile to the Committee, largely as the re- will be so skillfully camouflaged that it a competing economic system; that we sult of some clever brainwashing by hardly shows. However, some manifesta- are not faced merely with certain annoy- some left-wing professors and a few tions will always be apparent to the vigil- ing adjustments which should be made clergymen. The student picketing and ant, and you have a responsibility to be so that we may co-exist with a different demonstrations were turned into riots vigilant about such things. system of government; but that we are and mob violence by a handful of hard- So that you can exercise intelligent now in a death grip with an enemy the core, trained communist agents. These vigilance, learn everything you can about like of which, for debasement and in- are the facts, in spite of what some of communism, and get your education humanity, the world has not seen since the "soft-on communism" clique con- from qualified sources, not from people the time of the Dark Ages. We can ig- tend. These demonstrations, like the ones who are ill-informed or who may be ex- nore, appease and negotiate with this against Eisenhower in Tokyo and against ploiting legitimate fears of communism enemy only at the cost of our survival. Nixon in Caracas were used by the com- for ulterior purposes. The more you This is the challenge of our day to all munist propaganda machine around the know about communism, its history, and patriots of this republic. We must accept world in an effort to show that all stu- the way it operates, the easier it will be this challenge. We shall either dedicate dents were opposed to the American for you to spot organizations and indi- ourselves to it or, like the countries al- Government and its activities. They were viduals who do the bidding of the Com- ready behind the Iron Curtain, face slav- used to create hatred and ill-will toward munist Party. ery and eventual destruction, the end

DOES THE MANAGER REALLY COUNT? (Continued from page 17)

dropped like hot potatoes? Some even ingly as the customers mutter they'll boy- ond year in the exalted ranks. The old have been brought back by the team cott the park until a change is made. The Fordham Flash then had 13 more man- which discarded them. Others have con- distracted owner and his general mana- agerial seasons in various cities, but his tinued their uneasy careers for years, ger bow to the weight of public opinion. teams never won. often jumping back and forth from It's not fair — but that's baseball. Fred Haney's career was quite the league to league. When the Cardinals grabbed the flag opposite to Hornsby's and Frisch's. He The manager goes under the guillotine in 1926 their pilot was Rogers Hornsby, started out by managing two of the because he is the SYMBOL of his club. who was just getting his feet wet and deepest cellar dwellers, the old St. Louis If it fails to prosper, it's three strikes and his brow feverish in this part of the busi- Browns of two decades ago and the Pitts- he's out. A losing streak stirs up criticism ness. This same Hornsby, despite his ex- burgh Pirates later on. Yet, after these from press and radio. The fans join in perience, never again came close with the stark failures, Fred popped up as mana- the harangue. The poor manager is Braves, Cubs, Browns, or Reds. But old ger of the Milwaukee Braves when they blamed for all the dreadful things which managers never quit. This year he is a were winners in 1957 and 1958. Could are happening. Sometimes it's his fault, coach with the New York Mets. it just be that he had better players at sometimes not. Soon there are rumors of The Cardinals won the 1934 pennant Milwaukee? Could be! dissension. Attendance dwindles alarm- with Frankie Frisch as manager, his sec- And where had Fred Hutchinson been

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 before he burst into prominence last fall inson in Detroit, staying two seasons. Sox. RADAR DETECTOR as leader of the flag-winning Cincinnati Now he's scouting for the White at Reds? He, too, had taken a few spills off Charlie Grimm had three shots the baseball merry-go-round. In 1952 leading the Cubs. His first appointment the Tigers sent Red Rolfe and ulcer back came in August of 1932 when he re- take to his New Hampshire hills, transferring placed Hornsby. The Cubs rallied to the mantle to Hutchinson, their star the flag. In 1935 they again were first, TO SIGNAL DRIVERS OF RADAR ZONES Charlie was deposed late in 1938 pitcher. The Tigers finished eighth. They but Radar Sentry alerts a driver of a controlled radar speed zone tar in advance of the critical ad- when, by his own confession, he lost con- clocked area. As the radar beam is picked up, the Radar Sentry sounds a steady beep reminding were sixth in 1953 and despite an the driver to slow down and stay within safe speed limits. Radar Sentry increases driver atten-

tion ! Miniature magnesium case W * 2%" 0 x 2%* H, clips on sun visor—no wires— was trol of his players. Grimm was sum- vance to fifth the next year, Fred completely transistorized—approved in many states for safe driving. Colors—beige, blue or Drug, Automotive, Hardware, Electronic Stores. gone. moned in 1944 and the following sum- green. Sold at leading Department, the won their last pennant. It After a year's absence, Hutch reap- mer Cubs -£3F* RADAR SENTRY was not unnoticed that in this final war peared in 1956 as the 49th pilot the Car- Write to RMMTR0N, INC, 2414 Zimmerman Street, North Tonawanda, N. X. only lightly tap- dinals had employed since 1876. But he year the Cubs had been 10 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE became a knockout victim late in his ped for military service. Wrigley coaxed again in 1960. third season. Did this discourage Fred? Grimm into the trap yielded to Boudreau after only Not a bit! He was waiting in the wings— Grimm DON'T FLY ABROAD Charlie in the Pacific Coast League - when the 17 games and Wrigley led away without FIRST writing for Reds invited him to succeed Mayo Smith because: "I was fearful the strain would complete information on in early in 1959. They tied for fifth and kill him. He was walking in the park FREE-PORT SHOPPING BY were sixth in 1960. After eight seasons, the early morning hours. His face was MAIL direct to your door. the World Series only gray and he looked 1 10 years old." Intramerica Export Hutchinson knew 366 Broadway, New York, N.Y. by television. Last year the Reds scored Another with a checkered past is Tel: Dlgby 9.2350 power and pitch- Charlie Dressen. Late in 1951 he was a stunning upset when representing ing jelled perfectly to give them the pen- managing the Dodgers and they were AL2 INTERNATIONALE, S.A. nant. playing the Giants in the deciding play- Hutchinson took his belated and elat- off game for the National League cham- of insect but what of Cookie Lavagetto pionship. The Giants started thumping ed bow, bites . . . and Solly Hemus? They were shocking Don Newcombe in the ninth inning. heat rash — STOP. ITCH victims in 1961 of their cruel trade. In Brooklyn's lead and the impending Now, get relief fast. In seconds D.D.D. Prescrip- stops itching torment of insect 1960, Cookie was hailed as a genius flag triumph — was in jeopardy. tion positively bites, heat rash, athlete's foot, acne, eczema, when the raggedy Washington Senators Carl Erskine and Ralph Branca were other itch troubles. Greaseless, stainless. Cool- ing, antiseptic. Stops scratching — helps prevent contenders. But the in the bullpen. Dressen called became first division heating up infection — promotes healing. Don't suffer. Ask Senators, switching to Minneapolis-St. for Branca. Bobby Thomson's historic your druggist now for D.D.D. — liquid or creme. Paul under a new identity, the Minnesota three-run pennant-winning homer fol- Twins, executed such a nose dive that lowed. But Dressen refused to take the Lavagetto was among the missing be- rap, disclosing he had put the choice HOW TO PUBLISH Join our successful authors in a fore mid-season. Hemus had been toast- between Branca and Erskine up to his complete and reliable publishing program: publicity, advertising, ed by the St. Louis fans after a third bullpen coach, Clyde Sukeforth. How- YOUR handsome books. Speedy, efficient place finish in 1960, but he was out of ever, it is not these occasional boo-boos service. Send for FREE manuscript report & copy of Publish Your Book. a job last year before the sun really which cause the rapid changing of the CARLTON PRESS Dept. ALH down on the banks of managerial guard. Dressen's Dodgers re- started beating BOOK 84 Fifth Ave., New York 11. N. Y. the Mississippi. covered to win in 1952 and 1953, where- Bucky Harris managed in the majors upon he departed because his bosses DRAINS cellars, cisterns, wash tubs, IRRIGATES - CIRCULATES - SPRAYS first post in would give him nothing longer than a for 29 years. He held his Type P Pump has 1,001 uses, btalnless Won't rust or clogl Use 1/6 HP on, shaft. 2.400 1924 when, as the Boy Wonder, he led one-year contract. Later Dressen was motor or larger. . . 3/4 HP for up to GPH: 450 GPH 80' high; or 1,800 GPU an also-ran skipper with the Senators 'ibdrrimi 25' well. 1" Inlet; 3 i" outlet. the Washington Senators to two consec- TsE»"Coupling Included free * 7 -'5 Heavy Duty Ball-Bearing Pump. Up to 1" utive pennants. Bucky yielded after the and Braves. 5,200 GPH: H4" Inlet; out let . S12.95 Postpaid If cash with order. IVIoney Bach 1928 season to Walter Johnson, whose Sometimes the managers eliminate Guarantee. Also other sizes, types. skill as a manager never matched his themselves. Bobby Bragan clowned his UPLABAWCO PUMPS, Belle Mead 56. N.J. pitching wizardry. Next, Bucky had five way out with the Pirates a few years ago. seasons with the Tigers — but no pen- A rugged individualist whose dislike of SMOKING nants. He managed the Red Sox in 1934, umpires, particularly Frank Dascoli, DON'T QUIT . . . Before Giving My Pipe a Trial! then returned to the Senators for eight transcended concern over his status as New principle that contradicts every idea you've ever years. In 1943 he had an ill-starred ad- a diamond genius, Bobby pranced out had about pipe smoking. I guarantee it to smoke cool and mild hour after hour, day after day, without rest Bill Phillies, quitting on the field during a game in Milwaukee venture with Cox's without bite, bitterness or sludge. To prove it, I U let for my a few days before Commissioner Kene- chewing on a hot dog and guzzling a you try a new Carey Pipe. Send name today FREE complete trial offer. Write to : E. A. CAREY, saw Mountain Landis bounced the club bottle of soda pop. He was tossed out 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 246-J, Chicago 40, III. owner for betting on baseball games. not only by Dascoli but by his general Harris managed in the minors during manager, Joe L. Brown, who, though the next two seasons, was front office himself the son of the famous Joe E. RUPTURED aid MacPhail of the Yankees Brown, holds that the ball field is no BE FREE FROM TRUSS SLAVERY to Larry AWAY in 1946, and moved into the Yankee place for a comedian. Surely you want to THROW TRUSSES FOREVER, be rid of Rupture Wor- dugout the next year, a pennant-winning Al Lopez of the White Sox and Walt ries. Then Why put up with wearing a griping, For there is now a Alston of the Los Angeles Dodgers are chafing and unsanitary truss. one. But when the Yankees finished third new modern Non-Surgical treatment that is de- These in '48, eliminated only on the next-to- the only ones among the 16 major signed to permanently correct rupture. Non-Surgical treatments are so dependable, that last-day, the front office announced he league managers of 1951 who have been a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance is given. New FREE BOOK that was leaving "by mutual agreement." unscathed by the blight. Senor Lopez, in Write today for our gives facts that may save you painful, expensive Bucky started his third term with the this jungle of head-hunting for mana- surgery. Tells HOW and Explains WHY NON- SURGICAL Methods of Treating Rupture are gers, safe from the gunfire. Alston, Senators in 1950 and lasted five years. seems so successful today. Write today—Dept. H-1123 Mo. In 1955, at age 58, he replaced Hutch- though heading the Dodgers for a ninth Excelsior Medical Clinic, Excelsior Springs,

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 35 season, has been rumored on the way "Once players prove themselves they ger of the White Sox, insisted that but out more than once. are allowed to put on their own plays. for Stengel's wholesale platooning of his Lopez disclaims any swami powers, Base runners like Luis Aparicio, Maury players, the Yankees would have won by but definitely does not concede that the Wills, Willie Mays, and Dick Howser wider margins.

manager is expendable. travel at their own risk. It's the same Stengel's New York Mets lost their "The mechanical running of the game with hit and run slickers like Dick Groat. first nine games this season and except

is routine." says Al. "Almost any player The more players of this type a manager for the stumbling start of the manager- from the big leagues could go down to has, the more successful he'll be. Give a less Cubs would have been in tenth place the minors for a year and master the so- manager an Elston Howard or Del Cran- after the first six weeks of the season. called art of strategy." dall behind the plate, four good starting However, no one expected Casey to The manager earns his salt, Lopez pitchers, a strong bullpen, a nifty double work miracles with a crazy-quilt team declares, by maintaining a delicate bal- play combination, a top centerfielder, made up of expendables from the eight ance with his players, showing sharp and a bench — and, boy, I'd even want older National League clubs and pickups judgment in handling pitchers, and chart- to come back!" from the minors. ing development of high-priced young And that's a reminder. Casey Stengel, The one consolation for the battered players. The manager, he adds, is the who did come back after spending a year managers is that there's usually another team's last word in evaluation of pros- counting his money in his Glendale, haven, sometimes found even before pects who cost a small fortune. "Later," California home, is the classic example wounds have healed. Expansion to 20 he adds, "the manager must get the most that players make the manager. clubs makes this even more probable, out of them as major leaguers." At 57, Casey was a surprise choice but perhaps doesn't threaten the remark- Paul Richards, who like Lopez came to manage the Yankees in 1949. From a able record of Rogers Hornsby, who has into the big time as a manager in 1951, 20-year record he had done nothing to written a book tracing how he lost his likewise has been master of his own fate. merit the cream of managerial assign- various managing jobs. He must stand Paul jumped from the White Sox to the ments. In nine seasons as manager of the apart from all others in this essay, clearly Orioles in 1955. In the late stages of the Brooklyn Dodgers and Boston Braves he the unsinkable man of baseball. 1961 campaign, the thin Texan left had never seen the first division. The two On July 24, 1933, Hornsby was a Baltimore to become general manager teams lost 767 and won only 602 for a player with the Cardinals. Backing up a of the Houston Colt .45s. Paul was rated .430 percentage. In the minors he had bit — he had been fired by the Cardinals one of the slickest skippers ever, but been only fairly successful. as manager after they had won the 1926 never won a pennant. But the Yankees had Joe DiMaggio, World Series from the Yankees. He had "No matter how skillful the manager Phil Rizzuto, Charley Keller, Hank gone in 1927 to the Giants as player and may be, the 162 game schedule will beat Bauer, Yogi Berra, Vic Raschi, Allie assistant manager to John McGraw. him unless he has the players," says Lew Reynolds, Johnny Mize, Eddie Lopat, The next year he was with the Braves Fonseca. Lew wears a managerial purple Joe Page, and some other great ones. In and wound up as manager. Then, for heart (White Sox, '33), and for three Casey's 12 campaigns through 1960 the 1929, he was sold to the Cubs for $200,- decades has supervised the major Yankees won ten league titles, rolling up 000 and five players. Late in the 1930 leagues' motion picture program. He be- 1,049 victories against 696 losses for season he replaced Joe McCarthy as the lieves that the importance of managers .601. After Casey left and was replaced Cubs' skipper. Near the end of 1932 he often is over-emphasized. by freshman manager Ralph Houk, the yielded to Charlie Grimm. "A manager's major tasks are han- Yankees won again in 1961. And so, in 1933, Rogers Hornsby was dling the pitching staff, maintaining dis- Now don't get the idea that the mana- back with his original team, the Cardi- cipline, and winning the respect of the ger should be rated below the clubhouse nals, as a player. On July 24 he was re- players," says Fonseca. "When I was boy. In a close race he might be the dif- leased. But the next day the St. Louis with the Reds, our manager, Pat Moran, ference between a pennant winner and Browns of the rival American League put us on our own about 90 percent of an also-ran. Fonseca, a deep student of signed him as manager. He didn't even the time. Pat used to say to guys like Edd baseball, believes that perhaps five to ten have to move his gear. The Cardinals Roush, Greasy Neale, and Jake Daubert: games a year can be credited directly to and the Browns used the same clubhouse 'If you don't know what to do by now, the manager for sagacious maneuvering. in old Sportsman's Park! you'll never know.' Frank Lane, when he was general mana- THE END

LEGIONNAIRES OVER THERE (Continued from page 19)

clubs, cafes — and churches that are points, 13 escapees had been killed. standing by within blocks. It is at once openly in use. Why was The Wall of August 13 per- a monument and a confession— a monu- Our group was permitted to tour East mitted by allied forces to be built? Why ment to a police state which only by bar-

Berlin, by bus only, on Palm Sunday. was it not knocked down as it was being ricade and brutish force can prevent de- Not a car could be seen; the streets were built? Questions such as these were posed sertion by its subjects—a confession that practically devoid of people. No wor- at briefings and in conversations with communism cannot stand day-to-day shippers were seen at the churches. What senior officers. Consensus was, that The competition with freedom.

an observer had said of Dresden in East Wall is built on ground lying wholly Germany, once one of the loveliest cities within the Russian sector of Berlin; to JUDGE WILLIAM R. MITCHELL; in Europe, "It is a dead city," was true have moved in to knock down The Wall Marshall, Minn.: I was impressed by the also of East Berlin. We took our last would have been to invade territory oc- strength of NATO, its apparent effective- close look at East Berlin from the West cupied by Russia under standing agree- ness and its organizational efforts to dis- Berlin side of The Wall along which we ment with the U.S. and allies; that such tribute the defense burden of each na- rode. At points we came upon West Ger- invasion could have triggered reaction tion. NATO is an absolute necessity, mans laying wreaths on crude markers which might have led to all-out war. So particularly in view of the fact that we commemorating East Germans who had The Wall still stands, gray, grim and for- cannot depend upon being protected by died at the hands of East German border bidding, heavily guarded by border po- the United Nations. It was extremely police. We were told that at one of these lice, with unparaded Russian forces gratifying, too, to note the supreme atti-

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 tude of confidence displayed by every broken bottles, discarded cans and other YOU'D NEVER KNOW SHE HAD officer with whom we talked, regardless debris; (3) the smart propagandists the of nationality. They expressed or showed East Germans put on our bus to East PSORIASIS no fear. Berlin; (4) the apparent ability in high- Like hundreds of thousands of men and er headquarters, notably in the Navy women, she uses SIROIL, which tends to remove the external crusts and scales Command at Naples, to brush aside dif- R. K. WISE; Columbia, S. C: The of psoriasis on arms, legs, scalp and to thing that impressed me most was that ferences in language and customs other parts of the body. Apply the people in West Berlin were busy and make a staff operational. I was unim- SIROIL before going to bed; it that "So won't stain clothing or bedding. enjoying life, whereas in East Berlin the pressed with ( 1 ) the statement SIROIL is sold on 2-weeks-sat- far as the Common Market is concerned few I saw appeared to be downhearted, isfaction or money back basis. with no desire to live. I feel that if our we are willing to give a little." When do Get a bottle of SIROIL today. neces- Army, Air Force and Sixth Fleet were we stop giving?; (2) the apparent AT ALL of military commanders being com- not working with 1 3 other nations in the sity ivSIROIL DRUG organization, West Germany pelled to turn to State Department hired STORES NATO ifflK IS HER FRIEND would be almost in the Russian yoke to- help for political answers. Is this a take- NEW! For daytime comfort use the United States is off on the old Soviet system of having Write today for day. What money SIR-O-LENE Skin Softener for each operational mili- FREE booklet spending in Europe is well spent and "commissars" between nightly Siroil applications. about psoriasis. Also ideal for dry and flaky skin. God help us if we ever withdraw our tary unit? SIROIL LABORATORIES INC., Dept. al-21 Santa Monica.Cal support to the free people of Europe I Please send me your new FREE booklet on PSORIASIS. and throughout the world. We cannot MICHAEL A. SKOVIRA; Jessup, NAME- live by ourselves. Berlin Wall disturbed me. I Please Print Pa.: The I ADDRESS-

feel we should not have permitted it to I CITY -STATE- WILLIAM J. CONNIFF; Port be built. It reminded me of an experi- Angeles, Wash.: The ruins of bombed ence I had in Berlin in 1945. I was a PLAY RIGHT AWAY! buildings in East and West Berlin are Pfc. with the Second Armored Division Even If You Don't Know a Note of Music Now reminders of what has happened in our which was ordered into Berlin on July 4. Now it's easy to learn any instru- time; and the ruins of a former civiliza- At Alexanderplatz a Russian Colonel ment. No boring ex- ercises. Start playing are approached me, we real pieces by notes tion, tragically evident in Rome, and a Lieutenant right away. Amazing progress, at home, in spare time. No teacher. Low Cost! mute witnesses to the havoc wrought by saluted each other and the Colonel or- 1,000,000 students all over the world. Write for 3 . and to us, if we fail to remain sufficiently it was the Russian Zone and I had no BE PREPARED ! strong, or, remaining strong, lack the will right to be there. I told the Lieutenant, to use our might. who was interpreting for the Colonel, to FIX BROKEN inform him that I had as much right to DENTURES AT HOME be there as had; that all forces were IN MINUTES SAM J. LOBER; Cissnn Park, III.: he After having seen The Wall in Berlin, permitted to enter any Zone, and I wasn't Quik-Fix Denture Repair Kit the next step of our trip was reassuring. leaving. When the Lieutenant gave the broken plates; cracks; replaces loose On that we had a chance to see some of Colonel my answer, he sounded off in Easily mends teeth in minutes. Directions enclosed. Money-back Russian and looked mad, but he left. our military might at U. S. Army and guarantee. Send $1.98, enough for many repairs. Dept. A La, 1075 Air Force Headquarters at Heidelberg, I mention this because I feel that if our QUIK-FIX COMPANY, Q Main Street, Buffalo 9, New York. the USAF installation at Ramstein, and Government would do a little demand- then, at Naples, the Headquarters of our ing we would be further ahead. CDCCFUND RAISING If foryout Naval Strike Force (South). Seeing r LE BOOKLET Timely hints on easy way to raise funds these things gave special meaning to the NICHOLAS SCARAMELLA; Bos- for church or group. Also sent free is a colorful catalog illustrating at least briefings we had previously received at ton, Mass.: I was struck most forcefully 800 ITEMS America's greatest NATO Headquarters and SHAPE, in by conditions in East Berlin. There were selection of gifts, housewares, toys, Christ- finance you. Paris. very few people on the streets. Those mas cards and wraps. We PROJECTS who were, walked along dejectedly, act- ADRIANE „SG 2-953 Park Square, St, Paul 1, Minneseta PAT MILLOY; Wahpeton, N. Dak.: ing as if whatever hope they had was One week after we had been in East completely gone. They were afraid to EARN beaTAX CONSULTANT Berlin, we were in Rome. Over a quarter talk because none knows who is a spy. Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 MORE month busy tax season preparing income of a million people crowded into the To me, East Berlin had every appear- mm tax returns in spare time — and operate Business Tax Service yielding steady profitable round courtyard of St. Peter's to hear Pope ance of a dead city. monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part John XXIII deliver his Easter message. time home-office business. No experience necessary. We train you at home and help you start. Write To see the opposite ends of the religious KESSLER; Worcester, Mass.: today for free literature. No agent will call. State JACOB Approved Course. P-17. New Jersey spectrum in so short a time was a star- The most informative part of this trip UNION INSTITUTE, Lakewood. tling experience. It is difficult to believe to me was what I saw in East Berlin, MAKE to $5°° AN HOUR AT HOME that people with the intelligence and namely, The Wall. We were informed Let Me Prove It To You FREE! background of the East Germans can be that before this wall was built there were I'll show you how Plastic Sealing and Laminating at home, spare time, can forced to live in such utter subjection. 80 points of entrance between East and give you as much as $5.00 each hour you operate. Table-top machine seta up anywhere. Truly, communism is a vicious master, West Berlin. Now there are only seven. Easy. Fun. Noexperienceneeded. Wefurnish everything. We'll even help finance you. No its and no people are immune to dangers. This represents, to me, a sign of weak- house-to-house selling. Orders come by mail. Write for facts FREE. No salesman will call. ness on our part. Yet, by the same token, WARNER ELECTRIC, 1512 Jarvis, Dept. L-8-J, Chicago 26, III. JOSEPH S. DEUTSCHLE; Colum- the building of this wall by the com- bus, Ohio: Several things impressed me; munists on East Berlin soil with their several other things left me unimpressed. barbed wire entanglements and their TOYS BROKEN? I was impressed by ( ) the military feel- many armed guards, in order to make 1 fix it quick with ing, that we are in Europe to keep the sure that no one from East Berlin could peace or fight if we must; (2) that high- possibly defect to West Berlin, definitely ways and main streets in Germany and proves to me a weakness on the part of PLASTIC WOOD France were not littered with garbage, the communists. the end Handles like putty-hardens like wood!

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 37 PRISONERS OF WAR FOR SALE (Continued from page 15)

us off balance. The question now facing by the Saracens in Holy Land battles native is escape. During wars, coura- us is: Are we capable of fighting this type were considered "valuable slaves" to be geous prisoners have attempted to es- of war and of understanding the Oriental ransomed for gold. cape. Some succeeded. As the Geneva mind whereby two wounded Americans As civilization marched on and wars Conventions is written, escape is tacitly are slaughtered and two others are re- became even more immense in scope as considered part of the "game." But the leased from captivity at the snap of a well as geography, conferences at the Soviets, in a prelude to the Korean War linger? Hague in 1899 and 1907 set the stage for and future conflicts, added a few new As the fighting in Vietnam increases, more humane treatment of POWs in factors concerning war prisoners. They more than 7,000 American fighting men World War [. The motivating force be- were of a very complex and foreboding will be on hand before long to help the hind these conferences was to protect nature. After the Nazi invasion of Po- loyal army with equipment, weapons and war prisoners from abuse and exploita- land in 1939, when Hitler and Stalin anti-guerrilla combat know-how. This tion, set livable standards for custody, were on speaking terms, the Red Army means that more Americans on the fight- and insure their return to native lands marched in from the east and both dicta- ing line will surely fall into the hands of tors divided that wartorn nation. The the Viet Cong. Once again, today's Red Army took 15,400 Polish officers American POWs will become tomor- prisoner. Fifteen thousand of these offi- row's international political problem. cers subsequently vanished. With an eye

We're at war in South Vietnam; it's as cocked to the future, Stalin ordered his simple as that. Early this year President political commissars to screen the Polish Kennedy admitted at a press conference officer POWs for men who might em- that, "There is a war going on in South brace communism and help the Soviets Vietnam ... a guerrilla war of increas- rule their half of defeated Poland. Only ing ferocity." Every day headlines report six of the 15,400 Polish officers turned just how close to the fighting U.S. Army communist. The remainder were strongly and Marine Corps combat instructors, anti-communist. helicopter pilots and Air Force pilots get. In Stalin's crystal ball Poland would But until the United States formally de- ultimately become a communist satellite. clares military aid to South Vietnam a But this could happen only if anti- war, these men can be awarded the Pur- communist leaders were removed. The ple Heart for wounds received in action officer corps of intellectuals and edu- but will receive no protection under the cated professional men represented the Geneva Conventions nor under existing anti-communist leadership of Poland. laws covering many U.S. veteran's bene- There was only one solution to the prob- fits. lem and it was carried out in April and If this guerrilla war ever explodes May of 1940. into a full scale brush-fire conflict requir- Three years later the Nazis announced ing more American fighting men, then the discovery of more than 4,000 bodies the prisoner of war problem will certain- "Remember, Fred — mustard and relish stacked like cordwood in six mass graves ly turn into another sorry mess reminis- and easy on the onions." in Katyn forest in that part of western THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE cent of the Korean War. This is a prob- Russia then occupied by the Wehrmacht. lem that United States military and Goebbels' propaganda machine, in an diplomatic planners have so far over- with the minimum of permanent injury. effort to split the Allies, claimed that the looked. Since the early days of the Ko- The Geneva Conventions of 1929, capi- victims found in Katyn forest were all rean "police action" our government's talizing on the experiences of the 1914- Polish officers massacred by the Soviets. policy has been to send men into combat 18 conflict, guaranteed the survival of It was a case of the pot calling the kettle to fight informal and undeclared wars. many prisoners during World War II. black. Nobody wanted to believe that the "Brush-fire" or "police action" little wars Allied captives of the Nazis survived the men who used the concentration camp were never envisioned under domestic or stalags and oflags, and German and Ital- and crematorium to liquidate undesir- international laws of which the Geneva ian POWs captured in Europe and North able peoples and "enemies of the Reich" Conventions is such a covenant. As for Africa didn't fare too badly in prison were innocent of the Katyn massacre. the prisoner of war, he's no longer going camps located in the United States. Nonetheless, the common enemy of to be considered the traditional unfortu- In Asia, on the other hand, the POW World War II was innocent of the Katyn nate fighting man who remains passively problem was markedly different. Japa- murders. in a military prison until the end of the nese soldiers preferred to die fighting or The Soviets failed in their attempt to war. From now on he's for barter or for took their own lives rather than surren- convert Polish officers to communism. sale and, in a sense, a stumbling block to der. Japanese treatment of captives On the other hand, they set the stage for any cease-fire. exacted its heavy toll as a result of inci- the pattern of events that led to so-called Historically, POWs have suffered one dents like the infamous Bataan "Death "brainwashing" and other attempts at of two fates — slavery or death. Ancient March," harsh prison camp conditions communist political indoctrination of Athens was an exception. There the and the rations and medical care which Americans who were captured by the slaves outnumbered the free men and were inadequate for Americans and reds in Korea. Among the remnants of made a great contribution to the power European captives. the Nazi Sixth Army defeated at Stalin- and culture of that ancient city-state. One of the most poignant and still grad, the Soviets successfully indoctri- Elsewhere. POW treatment was standard. unanswered questions of World War II nated and converted 10,000 German offi- Roman generals trained and armed their is: What actually happened to the still cers and men to communism — including captured prisoners and then threw them missing millions of German and Japa- several top Nazi generals. into the arena as gladiators. During the nese prisoners of war held by Russia? Trying with much more persuasive Middle Ages crusading knights captured For the POW the only positive alter- methods to convert captured German

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 "

the United States armistice in Korea "inaugurated a new troops to democracy, WIN GREATER SUCCESS IN BUSINESS during World War II followed the Soviet principle of freedom—that prisoners of pattern of POW indoctrination. This was war are entitled to choose the side to Study LAW at Home official United States policy. At the be- which they wish to be released." LA SALLE hest of the Secretary of State, who was The shocker on our side was 21 Amer- EARN AN LL.B DEGREE FROM also thinking of the future, German icans who elected to remain with the POWs were carefully screened and se- reds. Perhaps the biggest surprise to the lected for the American brand of "brain- Pentagon was the continuation of the washing" and political instruction in war inside the POW compounds. Hard democratic ideals which we called "re- core reds mobilized shock troops who, education." Farsighted policy makers in at one point in 1952, threatened a mass Washington wanted the cooperation of escape from barbed wire compounds on United States A knowledge of Law is regarded today as Indispensable Germans friendly to the Koje Island. equipment in every activity of business. Multiply your in governing the opportunities for rapid promotion, big income and per- who could be of help Organized militant defiance by prison- sonal prestige through LaSalle Law Training in your areas of a defeated nation. The spare time. Under supervision of LaSalle's distinguished occupied ers of war was unheard of until the Koje faculty, you complete the course without interfering group of Nazi POWs imprisoned with your present job. You work with actual legal huge Island episode. We actually fell into a cases, acquiring real experience. Send for Free illustrated book, "Law Training for Leadership" behind barbed wire on American soil of- trap of our own making, reported war LA SALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY 417 S. Dearborn Street of future German fered just such a pool correspondent Ed Hymoff, bureau chief A Correspondence Institution • Dept. 08-058 Chicago 5. IN. leaders friendly to the United States. International News Service. The for OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN In the recently published fourth edi- he filed raised the roof in Washing- story big money $H0E BUSINESS! tion of the handbook of the West Ger- ton and at United Nations Command Par- myourown profitable 'shoe store' man Bundestag, the lower house of headquarters in Tokyo. He reported that business from home! Represent liament, more than 300 Deputies for the the "detaining power," the United States fast growing million dollar firm in spare or full time. We give you — first time refer to military service in their in this case, was not treating POWs FREE— complete Starting Outfit that makes you $217.00 EXTRA fol- biographies. Imprisonment as POWs under terms of the "Geneva Convention each month for just 2 easy orders a day. You feature lowing capture by the United States Ar- Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners 195 fast-selling dress, sport, work shoe styles for men and my was noted by 120 of these legislators. of War of August 12, 1949." If POWs women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! Sizes 2'/2-15—widths AAAA to EEEE. Draw on 200.000 pair The Korean War set new precedents were treated according to this section of stock. Also horsehide jackets. Start now selling to friends,

folks where you work. Rush postcard for EB£E Outfit 1 concerning POWs. The Geneva Conven- the international covenant, he wrote, MASON SHOE, Dept. H-388 CHIPPEWA FALLS, WIS tions of 1929 stated that "repatriation of "there would never have been mayhem prisoners shall be effected with the least on Koje Island and in other POW possible delay after the conclusion of camps." POEMS WANTED peace." As a signatory to this agreement, was referring to articles 129 and He To Be Set To Music the United States after World War II 130 in this Geneva Convention which Send one or more of your best poems immediately returned every war prisoner with treatment today for FREE EXAMINATION Any is specifically concerned Subject. Immediate Consideration. to his homeland. We interpreted, as had of POWs, stipulating that prisoners are Phonograph Records Made CROWN MUSIC CO., 49 W.32 St., Studio 946 New York 1 previously been the case, except when subject to the same military laws as their political asylum had been granted, that captors. Fanatic reds who murdered fel- the foregoing meant all POWs. Some low prisoners, tortured or beat them, enemy POWs sued for the right to re- were subject to arrest and court-martial. main in the United States. Their suits The penalty for murder in the United Are you miserable with pain and aches of to leg ulcers, swelling, itching, rash due were turned down by our courts. We in States Army is death. If civilized rules venous congestion? Send for FREE BOOK Refund Trial Plan on tested fact forced all POWs to return to their military conduct governed American and Full of VISCOSE home treatment. country of origin. In some cases large soldiers in Korea, Hymoff reasoned, why L. E. VISCOSE company numbers of displaced civilians front f! Ave. • Chicago 10, III. should they not govern North Korean 100 W. Chicago Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union and Chinese captives of the United Na- LEARN were also forcibly returned to communist tions who were in the custody of the control. There was neither an alternative United States Army. He claimed that MEAT CUTTING nor a precedent for the United States to the bent over backwards Train quickly In 8 short weeks at UN Command Toledo for a bright future with security do otherwise. In the vital meat business. Big pay, to avoid incidents behind barbed wire, full-tlm i jobs— HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after But the picture changed during the and by doing so gave enemy a graduation. Diploma given. Job help. POWs (Thousands of successful graduates. Our the States 39th yearl Sent! now for big, new Korean War. Both United and chance to get away with murder. They IllustratedmFREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. the Soviet Union had signed the Geneva did, too, for a time. Moreover, when red Convention of 1949 which provided that prisoners were returned during the POWs "shall be released and repatriated months following the Korean armistice, Shrinks Hemorrhoids without delay after the cessation of ac- among them were the hard core com- tive hostilities." It was at the Panmunjom munist leaders of Compound 76 who New Way Without Surgery truce talks that the return of POWs be- had captured their American prison came a bone of contention. Many anti- camp commander and later tortured and Stops Itch -Relieves Pain communist North Koreans and Chinese killed many anti-communists before For the first time science has found a declared outright that they didn't want to their conspiracy was shattered by United new healing substance with the astonishing ability to shrink hemorrhoids to return behind the and relieve Bamboo Curtain. Pres- States troops. pain — without surgery. ident Truman then reversed his World Prisoners suddenly and possibly acci- In case after case, while gently relieving pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. War II policy of forcible repatriation dentally became sacrificial figures on the Most amazing of all — results were so and stated that he would not force North diplomatic chessboard in the game being thorough that sufferers made astonishing statements Koreans and Chinese war prisoners to played at Panmunjom. Since Korea, the like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! return to their homelands where im- prisoner picture has changed markedly. The secret is a new healing substance prisonment or certain death awaited Cuban anti-communists captured during (Bio-Dyne®)— discovery of a world-famous research institute. them. President Eisenhower backed up the ill-fated assault at the Bay of Pigs This substance is now available in sup- his predecessor by stating what had been last year first became pawns in a ransom pository or ointment form under the name Preparation H®. set as a precedent. declared Ask for it at all drug He that the demand for tractors and then in a blatant counters.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 39 demand for $62 million in exchange for not wish to return to communism." down the communist demand that all freedom. In the Congo, native troops I, too, have serious doubts about our POWs, including anti-communists, be horribly massacred Italian airmen and policy in that matter, and as time passes repatriated, we set an awesome prospect medical personnel of the UN forces in and our country's foreign policies and for any Americans who might become an incident that shocked the world. In commitments become more complex, future captives of communist nations. If yet another incident in the Congo, a sur- they become more grave. Ten years ago, and when captured, attempts will surely rounded company of UN led Irish in- during my first week in command at be made to re-educate them to the com- fantry valiantly held off repeated heavy Koje-do. on my own responsibility I munist way. attacks until they ran out of food, water stopped our Information and Education It is this document upon which our and ammunition. Then they surrendered Program for the prisoners. In my opin- thinking and policies regarding POWs is to a relatively unknown enemy—the mili- ion it had become a cause for the riots. now based. Both are obsolete. The pros- tary forces of a nation less than a gen- No reaction ever came from higher pect of nuclear warfare and ideological eration removed from the jungle. headquarters. Several weeks later I "dis- war, as fearsome as religious wars of the past, The lot of the war prisoner has have made it so. We must be pre- changed in this changing world. History pared to institute drastic changes in our has proven that when American soldiers thinking or call for startling revisions of were captured in Asia, their chances of the 1949 Geneva agreement. If some of si/rviving long captivity were not good. the following steps are taken, then per- Moreover, their chances of survival in haps we can counter the peddling in the future will be even less if we con- human lives by the reds of American tinue to maintain the right to "re-edu- POWs in communist captivity. cate" men held in our custody and even First, the entire prisoner of war prob- ''choose the side to which tliey wish to lem must be restudied in the light of cur- be released." Inevitably we will have rent and future military and political entered a contest without rules. conditions. POW problems should be Armistice negotiations have always in- considered in nuclear, conventional, cluded all the emotions consistent with brush-fire and military assistance armed national pride. Our future negotiators conflicts as well as purely cold war situ- must not be hampered by instructions ations where an imprisoned American based on obsolete policies that are left- U-2 pilot is traded for a Soviet spy. overs from past wars. Successful future Second, after we decide what we want truce or peace negotiations quite possibly to do about POWs, then we must de- can end a brush-fire war before it can termine how we are going to do it. The expand into one of national extinction Geneva Conventions of 1949 is obsolete or destruction. This means that upon and in Korea we discovered to our dis- entering negotiations our representatives may that the International Committee should be able to accept the principles of the Red Cross was virtually at an im- of traditional repatriation of prisoners THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE passe because of non-recognition by the of war. Is there any reason why oppor- North Korean and Chinese Reds. There- tunities for negotiating a cease-fire might fore, the United Nations stands out as be missed, or why truce talks should be couraged" further defections from the the most logical organization to super- prolonged, while attempts are made to communist camp because they had in- vise POWs of both parties to an armed swap "enemy" turncoats for American creased to such an extent that our "esti- conflict. Within the UN are most of the "turncoats" before the reasons for mated total" to be returned after the new nations including those which do United States troop defections are armistice was subject to drastic change not have the resources or traditions to known? Is it not crass hypocrisy for the and prolonged dickering. I did not want treat POWs humanely. United States to restrict immigration in to risk any extension of the war just so Third, only the United Nations will times of peace when men are relatively a few more prisoners could claim to be be in a position to force attention on free, yet take pride in the conversion of anti-communists after having failed to Article 19 of the Geneva pact relating our erstwhile enemies to "our side" by do so in the preceding months. Possibly to treatment of war prisoners which their "free choice?" Especially when my senior officers never knew of this states in part that POWs "shall be evacu- they were in fact in our prisons, subject action, although there was never any ated as soon after their capture, to camps to our indoctrination and therefore not doubt in my mind that General Mark situated in an area far enough from the free to make a "free choice." Clark, the UN commander, would pri- combat zone for them to be out of Admiral Daniel Joy, the first United vately support my decision though he danger." Under present concepts of nu- Nations chief negotiator at Panmunjom, might not be able to do so publicly. clear war no nation involved in conflict had serious doubts about the instructions The Geneva Conventions for the Pro- is out of danger, and POWs imprisoned he was required to follow in the num- tection of War Victims signed on August in camps located in a nation at war are bers-game-dickering over prisoners of 12, 1949, by most civilized nations (and in harm's way when the mushroom war and where they would be repatriated. some not so civilized) is outdated. clouds begin to boil. Moving POWs out He claimed that so-called voluntary re- Events since then have rendered mean- of a combat zone now means moving patriation placed the welfare of ex-com- ingless this well-intentioned document. them to a neutral nation of which the munist soldiers above that of American It's too generally phrased and oriented UN has several among its members. and United Nations personnel in com- to the philosophical viewpoint of west- Finally, it's time we started moving munist prison camps along with UN ern nations. As signatories to this 13- in the direction of a realistic reappraisal troops on the front lines. year-old international agreement, we are of what really makes a man want to fight

"The United Nations Command," the obligated to follow it to the letter. But for his country and what should be done admiral later wrote, "suffered at least we didn't in Korea when we permitted to help him stand up under the hard- 50,000 casualties in the continuing Ko- enemy prisoners to kill their fellow cap- ships of possible communist captivity. rean. War while we argued to protect a tives inside our prison compounds and In terms of the American combat lesser number of ex-communists who did go free without trial. When we turned soldier, this point must be emphasized 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE AUGUST 1962 along with our obligation to him if he's Under present conditions and until we GET YOURSELF FIXED FOR LIFE captured. It won't take or revise obsolete thinking about pris- weeks months, our in the BIG PAY SHOE BUSINESS but years to accomplish this reappraisal. oners of war, Americans captured in WE PUT UP THE MONEY! As long as the Cold War blows hot in Vietnam today or in another part of the It's no trick at all to make big money—FULL elsewhere, will have to be bought OR SPARE TIME-^with the only shoe line Vietnam or and Americans world tomorrow, featuring baby shoes in addition to shoes for all the family with new Family Discount are on the firing line, it might be later back. Plan. Lifetime security. Amazing new block "Spring-Step" cushion invention proves it than we think if the POW problem isn't Like slaves of old, they're on the by actual demonstration. Only ORTHO- the end VENT has it. There is no other shoe in the taken under consideration now. —for sale. world like it. Repeat orders are sure, steady. One try and a customer is sold for life. Profits are BIG. Orders are sure and easy with the most amazing 1-minute demon- WE GIVE stration in the history of the shoe business. PRODUCERS WONDERS OF THE WESTERN WORLD No experience needed. No investment to make. Everything, including actual cut-a- THEIR OWN SHOES (Continued from page 13) ways, furnished free! Be the big-pay AS A BONUS ORTHO-VENT man in your territory. Write TODAYI grotesque Joshua tree are symbols of the numbers here. Certain authorities claim ORTHO-VENT SHOE COMPANY desert. that some of the trees are over 3,000 3028 Brand Road, Salem, Virginia Some of the desert plants found here years old. Next to the Giant Forest, are becoming extremely rare. Among Grant Grove is the best known of the ENJOY STEADY PAY EVERY DAY AS A these are the rapidly diminishing Joshua park's 24 groves of sequoias. The Gen- NURSE tree (Yucca brevifolia), one of the most eral Grant Tree, considered more im- LEARN AT HOME IN ONLY 10 WEEKS y \ security, independence and freedom spectacular botanical features of this pressive by many than the General Enjoy i f\ from money worries. Earn up to $65.00 a week western desert. It belongs to the lily Sherman Tree (the biggest tree), is as a Practical Nurse. Age, education not r**- / r~ family, attains heights up to 40 feet, and widely known as the Nation's Christmas important. Send for FREE sample lesson, j/ / its creamy-white blossoms grow in clus- Tree. Congress has also designated it as POST GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NURSING ROOM 37B82 - 121 S. WABASH, CHICAGO 3, ILL. ters eight to 14 inches long. Legend has a national shrine honoring America's it that Mormons gave this giant yucca war dead. Weekly campfire programs Smoke for Relief — the name of Joshua tree or "praying are given by Park naturalists during the summer season. plant" because its arms turn heavenward ASTH MA- HAYFEVER in silent supplication. Another single trip covers Bryce Can- Yosemite Park in California is one of yon and Zion National Parks, located try them FREE our greatest National Parks. Its chief in southwest Utah. These parks are Sufferers from Asthma and the dis- a drive from Las Vegas. comforts of excessive secretions in the feature is its lovely green valley sur- about 200-mile nasal passages associated with Hay rounded by tremendous granite domes, Within a 56-square-mile area of Bryce Fever have, for over 60 years, found quick, temporary relief by smoking and fringed with feathery waterfalls and Canyon stands the jagged edge of PAGE'S INHALERS. Pleasant, inex- are exposed pensive. At drug stores, cataracts. It is an all-year playground Paunsaugunt Plateau. Here or order direct from drawing a million visitors annually. the famous Pink Cliffs with their delicate factory. Here you will marvel at giant trees, color patterns etched in Wastach lime- For free samples, write Consolidated Chemical Co., lofty Yosemite Falls, granite domes that stone. Below the plateau rim stand 835A Cherry St., Grand Rapids 6, Michigan inspire awe and admiration, the snow- miniature cities, cathedrals, spires, win- fields on the High Sierras, and enjoy dowed walls, and endless chessmen SEND FOR FREE SAMPLES lakes filled with frisky trout. All are shaped by rain, frost and running water. wonders that lure visitors back again These are rock sculptures that chal- Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY and again. lenge the imagination not only with their Need more money? Earn $30-$50 And just as you'll never tire of look- fantastic designs but with their vivid a week, spare time, at home making rubber stamps for offices, facing, you'll probably never find enough colors — an endless array of orange, red tories, individuals. Hundreds of uses. Hundreds of prospects— ev- 1 time to do all the many things the park and pink blended with white, gray and ery where. Right in your own com- i munity. Turn out special stamps for names, addresses, notices, prices, etc invites, such as hiking along nature cream. Here and there strips of brown, , ' in minutes with table-top machine. We trails, horseback riding in the valley or lavender and pale yellow appear like ' furnish everything and lirl), finance von. Write for free facts. No salesman calls. on the heights, fishing in the valley, and threads of color gone astray from the RubberStampDiv.,1512JarvisAve..Dept. R-8-J, Chicago 26 swimming or sunning on the river master design. beaches. You can picnic or camp be- But you will never experience the true neath a starry sky, or luxuriate at nearby sensation of mystery and awe that FEET or TOES ITCH? hotels. Though parts of the park are hovers over this amphitheatre at Bryce Beware! Athlete's Foot Starts Just That Way! Get Dr. Schorl's Solvex at once. sometimes crowded, it's easy to find Canyon until have ventured into it you Stops intense itching right off. solitude and quiet. on one of the many safe and well- Instantly kills fungi on contact; helps heal red, raw, cracked or One trip that will put you within the marked trails and have walked among peeling skin. Sold everywhere. confines of two parks is a visit to the the colorful fantasia of weird erosion. D-'Scholls SOLVEX Sequoia and Kings Canyon National At Zion Park you can see deep, nar- Parks. These parks straddle the heart of row canyons; sheer rock walls; and im- the lofty Sierra Nevada range and in- pressive individual rock masses, all clude more than 1300 square miles of among the most bizarre in the entire spectacular granite mountains, deep plateau and canyon country of southern SHOP AT THIS SIGN canyons, and magnificent forests. Utah and northern Arizona. The lavish Nature has bestowed her bounties display of colors in Zion Park, perhaps lavishly on Sequoia and Kings Canyon. more than any other single feature, sets Two significant facts give these parks this area apart from all similar geo- special distinction — the forests of gi- logical phenomena throughout the Fill Flaws gantic trees and the rugged, towering world. The region is a color photog- mountains which form a backdrop of rapher's paradise. In Plywood magnificent grandeur. Multi-colored Zion canyon, one of the Handles like putty. Hardens like wood. The giant sequoias (Sequoia gigantea), highlights of the Park, has been de- largest of all living things, reach their scribed as "the best known example of PLASTIC WOOD" greatest size and are found in greatest a deep, narrow, vertically-walled chasm The Genuine - Accept No Substitute.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 41 easily accessible for observation." If you should take the southern route true. But I'll stack my money on western Highly colored finger canyons, lanc- homeward, you won't go wrong if you hospitality. As you travel among our ing the western edge of Kolab Terrace, stop at New Mexico's famed White western wonderlands, you can't help but illustrate the end results when great Sands National Monument and at Carls- feel a glow from the many warm-hearted forces of nature oppose each other: up- bad Caverns. greetings you'll encounter. Maybe the lifting of the earth, faulting and erosion. The most unique part of the world's philosophy one westerner lives by can Hikers can choose from ten park trails largest gypsum desert is part of White tell it better than I. He said: "Strangers at Zion. These range from the easy, half- Sands. This glistening sea of rippling are only friends I haven't met yet." mile Weeping Rock Trail, which can be sands has been whipped by winds into Those of you traveling by plane or traversed in a half-hour to the more huge wave-like dunes of unending beau- train to Las Vegas can solve the problem rugged 12'/2 mile West Rim Trail that ty. The dazzling white dunes and their of seeing the nearby wonders by renting requires about eight hours to negotiate. intriguing patterns of light and shadows a car. However, be sure to make car Legionnaires traveling via the north- are most photogenic during the late after- rental reservations at least a week in ern route to or from Las Vegas should noon when the sun's rays dance on the advance — from your hometown rental agency — so will make it a point to tarry a day or two at a car be waiting for you. either Yellowstone or Grand Teton Na- If you don't there's a chance you will be tional Parks. disappointed when you decide at the last to visit Yellowstone Park is our oldest and moment one of these attractions. largest national park, and probably at- Car rental agencies have compacts for tracts the greatest number of visitors. a few dollars a day plus mileage charges. It contains such a variety of natural Combining plane and auto travel is a good way phenomena that early explorers called it to save time. Also, plane travel will give "Wonderland." Within its several geyser you more leisure to see and enjoy basins, it harbors over 3,000 thermal some of the spots I've mentioned features. Geysers, hot springs, bubbling above. mud volcanoes, brilliant pools and ter- Visitors to the convention from the eastern half races combine to make it the most spec- of the United States-includ- tacular thermal region in the world. ing all states east of the Mississippi plus will A visit here is a must if you are within Minnesota— have a unique oppor- 200 miles of Yellowstone. One gander at tunity to see a lot of the west and its the electrifying eruption of "Old Faith- wonders through a plan offered by Bo- ful" is worth the trip. nanza Air Lines, serving Arizona, Cali- A variety of wild animals — bear, fornia, Nevada and Utah. Called the moose, deer, wapiti, pronghorn, coyote, Bonanza Area-Fare, the plan gives a bison, and others — roam the mountain- ticket-holder the unlimited use of all Bonanza flights, sides and meadows. Some say this is the which are jet powered, world's largest wildlife sanctuary. Visi- at a flat rate of $90 for 15 days or $160 tors are warned not to molest the ani- for 30 days. "I can remember when a car didn't go mals. You're in their kingdom and fail- Don't forget to include warm cloth- through here all day." ure to give them plenty of elbow room ing, as nights in the wonderland regions could mean trouble. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE can be cold. Don't overlook taking your Whatever beauties of lake, stream, camera and fishing tackle, too. Take forest or meadow may attract you in the plenty of color film. sands. Or if you are near this area at Grand Teton Park, your eyes will never- night don't pass up the chance of seeing At most of the spots I have picked you theless be drawn again and again to the will find visitor the effect of moonlight upon them. centers, guided trips, majestic Teton Range. No matter which Carlsbad Caverns are renowned for campfire programs and information sta- route you take to the park, these moun- their magnificence, spaciousness of tions. Nominal fees are charged at some tains dominate the landscape. rooms and passages, and the endless of the National Monuments to offset You will find that your impression of variety of stalactites and stalagmites. One operational expenses. You can obtain, the Teton mountains change with their at no cost, complete and detailed bro- room in this cavern is so enormous it chures the areas mood, and their mood changes with each could hold 14 football fields and has a of that appeal to you hour of the day. In the valley that joins ceiling as high as a 22-story building. and your family by writing to the U.S. the mountains is Jackson Hole, named Although many miles of cavern pas- Department of Interior, National Park after one of its early explorers, David E. sages have been explored, others remain Service, Washington 25, D.C. Jackson. And your feet will walk along a mystery, and the full extent of this un- A visit to one of our western wonder- paths which were once the setting of im- usual underground playground is not lands can be a once-in-a-lifetime adven- portant events in the opening of the known. Developments have been limited ture. You can drive through some of this West. to the 750- and 829-foot levels. country's most exciting scenery. Take While you are traveling in the north- Each day, conducted four-hour tours time to drop a line into a placid pool western part of the United States, you start at the natural entrance; walking stuffed between a couple of mountain

may want to visit Washington State and distance is three miles. Chambers like peaks. Pitch a camp overlooking pic- see a man-made wonder, the Seattle the King's Palace, Queen's Chamber, turesque lakes. Relax and enjoy your- World's Fair. The Fair, which focuses Green Lake Room and Papoose Room self. Slow down and forget the tensions attention on what life will be like in (the scenic chambers) are the lowest on of the atom world. Century 21, runs through October 21. the cavern tour and unparalleled in And if, when you look around, you With the Convention ending on October splendor. The Big Room tour is the draw a deep breath of contentment and 1 1, this should give you time enough to easiest and considered by many to be the feel like a king — why not? In a very real make it. From the Fair's Space Needle most superb of all chambers. sense you are. For no king ever owned (tallest building west of the Mississippi), A lot has been written about the hos- wonderlands like these. But they do be- you can see more of nature's wonders, pitality of Southern States, and the gre- long to you. Enjoy them when you head

Puget Sound and Mt. Rainier. gariousness of Texans, and it may all be for Las Vegas this year. the end

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 ™lAmerican Leti< (3H0PPKR

Send today for this Spectacular Oriental Collec- tion! More than 50 fabulous genuine postage This section is presented as a service to readers and advertisers. All products are sold with a money- stamps from Taiwan, Korea, Viet Nam, Japan, back guarantee. When ordering, please allow a reasonable amount of time for handling and shipping. Singapore, Burma, Pakistan, Indonesia. Thailand, Hong Kong, Laos, many other strange, remote lands of the mysterious Far East. Sensational stamps picturing weird beasts, birds, ancient ships, queens kings, beautiful women. Extra! Big Bargain Catalog, exciting offers and other thrilling stamps for your free examination. Send 10c for mailing expense — Double your money back if not delighted! Jamestown Stamp Co. Dept. C 82 AL, Jamestown, New York

I RUSH Free Collection of 53 Orientals & other j

I offers. I enclose 10c for mailing costs. PLEASE I

| PRINT

j Name ...

Address J ' City & I State 22-FT. PARACHUTE comes in bright orange DOUBLE EYEGLASS CASE snaps apart, is color complete with white rayon shroud made of genuine pigskin. Snapped together, lines. It's ideal for shrub protection, lawn it's ideal for sunglasses and reading glasses, furniture covers, children's play tents, etc. yet it's easy to carry one pair at a time. $3.30 ppd. You can order from Scott Mitchell Comes in black, red or natural pigskin color. House, Inc., Dept. AL-8, 415 South Broad- $1 ppd.; with initials, $1.25 ppd. Empire, way, Yonkers, N.Y. Dept. AL-8, 140 Marbledale, Tuckahoe, N.Y.

SLIDER TYPE BASEMENT WINDOW of aluminum alloy. Will not Rust or Rot. Designed to eliminate

air infiltration. Includes 2 glass and 1 screen in- sert — easily removed for washing — all inserts IT'S doll with her own LEARN TO PLAY THE GUITAR IN 7 LOOK, MOM, ME-A slide in vinyl track under spring tension. Size guitarist Sale shows how face hand-colored in oils will delight any DAYS. Famous Ed 32%" wide X 16" high. Other sizes also avail- to play any song by ear or note in 7 days. In little girl. Sturdy 9" paperboard doll comes able. Comes wrapped in polyethelene to elimi- addition to 66-page Instruction Book, you get with cut-out and color wardrobe, crayons. words and music for 110 songs, chord finder, Send snapshot, color of hair, eyes. $2.98 ppd. nate after construction clean-up. Packed 2 to a special Guitarist's Book. $2.98 ppd. Ed Sale House of Kramer, Dept. AL-8, 968 East carton for only $12.00 each — storm with clips Studio, Dept. AL-8, Avon-By-The-Sea, N. J. 101st St., Brooklyn 36, N. Y. for $3.50. Send check or money order. F. O. B. TRUMBOWER INDUSTRIES, INC., Box 336, Pa- deeville, Wisconsin.

take the BUGS "BUG DEATH" out of living Kills flys, roaches, ants, etc. Clean BUG odorless, unbreakable. Used in hospitals, restaurants, hotels, DEATH farms. Safe near ELECTRONIC children, pets, and food. "Just plug it in." CONTROLLED Nat'lly Mkt'ed lOyrs. BUG KILLER! 10 year guar. $3.95 ppd. (Reg. $4.95 SLIP-ON MAGNIFIERS - Having trouble LIKE TO DRAW?-It's easy with this new value) 2 for $7.50 seeing fine print and close detail work? Slip art aid. Just focus on any subject and follow SKH IND. CORP. these magnifiers over your prescription glasses the lines of the "picture image" that's re- P.O. Box 2096, Dept. 1 and see the difference instantly. Powerful flected on paper. Reduces and enlarges. It's Riverside, Calif. 2.50 diopter lenses. Fits all glasses. $2.98 easy and fun. $1 ppd. Master Art Helper Co., Dealer ppd. Nel-King Products, Dept. AL-82S, 811 Dept. AL-8, 285 Market St., Newark, N. J. inquiries Wyandotte, Kansas City 5, Mo. invited

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 43 „ , GET THIS

Valuable collection\

Big beautiful collection, all-different post-

age stamps of Greenland (North Pole), St. Pierre, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Legion featuring Eskimos, scarce "^American Canada —

1867 Confederation, United Nations,

Northern Territories. U. S. Stamps —

ancient 19th Century, first Ship &

Plane, rare Whooping Crane, Pony

Express, etc. ALSO, complete set

Colonial & Civil War commemoratives

PLUS 87 colorful foreign flag stamps. HOPPER

EXTRA! Big bargain catalog, How To

Recognize Rare Stamps, other excit-

ing stamp offers for free inspection.

Send 10c. for mailing. SENSATIONAL oerjcouMTBD

KENMORE STAMP COMPANY UKITIO >T»T»S Ml tjJ \ MILFORD, EF-391 NEW HAMPSHIRE Many others!

2 FREE ENLARGEMENTS O OF YOUR FAVORITE PHOTOS, / NEGATIVES OR COLOR SLIDES fc Just to introduce our new gold-tone process we will make PROFESSIONAL 5x7 enlargements of your favorite 2 snapshots, photos, negatives or color slides ABSOLUTELY FREE. Be sure to include color of hair, eyes and clothing for prompt information on having your enlargements beautifully hand-colored in oil and mounted in FREE FRAMES. Limit 2. Originals returned with enlargements. Act CUT FROZEN FOODS with this 12" stain- MONOGRAMMED MONEY BELT has se- now. SEND NO MONEY. Just send 2 photos, nega- less steel, double-edge (one a deep saw cret zippered inner pocket to hold currency. tives, snapshots or color slides today. edge) knife. Zips through frozen food pack- IVi" wide belt. Buckle has 2 or 3 initials.

HOLLYWOOD FILM STUDIOS Dept. X-266 ages, wrapper and all. Cuts frozen meats too. ( Specify. ) Comes in brown cowhide with 7021 Santa Monica Blvd. Hollywood 38, Calif. No more wasteful thawing—cut off what you gold-plated buckle or black leather with need, return rest to freezer. $2 ppd.; 3 for rhodium buckle. Give size. $3 ppd. Scott- $5. Bruce Sales, Dept. KE-33, 121 East 24th Mitchell, Dept. AL-8, 415 South Broadway, St., N.Y. 10. Yonkers, N.Y.

YOU CAN STRIKE IT RICH '?pm*X When you own a 40 acre ^M\J. S. GOVERNMENT OIL LEASE NEVADA OIL BOOM! Shell Oil discovered a multi-million dollar oil field in "Railroad Valley" near Ely, Nevada! Standard Oil, Texaco and other majors have geologists and seismographic crews working in the area right now. Our giant U. S. Gov- ernment lease holdings, near pro- ducing wells, are available to you while they last! Thousands of Ameri- SLIM your appearance, relieve backstrain. can citizens who bought oil leases SOUTH SEAS SARONG-The islanders know "struck it rich" and now enjoy in- how useful and lovely these snow-white, 100% Princess Beauty Belt weighs just 4 ozs., ad- comes of $3000 a month and more. cotton terry cloth sarongs are. Fine after justs in seconds. Makes you appear inches Stop dreaming, act today, reserve bath, for lounging. Never needs ironing. Piped slimmer. Give hip measure. $4.98 ppd. Hip your 40 acre oil lease in the rich in candy stripe. Fasten two buttons and be sizes 46-50, $5.98 ppd. Removable long "Railroad Valley" . . . choice glamorously robed. .$3.98 ppd. Greenland Stu garter attachments, set of 4, 50c\ Nel-King, parcels are going fast. dios, Dept. AL-8, Miami 47, Fla. Dept. AL-82L, 811 Wyandotte, Kansas City 5, Mo.

30 DAY MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE DOWN 40 ACRES ONLY *10 ILLUSTRATES COLLECTOR S GUIDE ONLY $10 A MONTH UNITED STATES ($110 FULL PRICE) MAIL COUPON TODAY NEVADA OIL LEASE CO. (NOLCO) BOX 5215-L, RENO, NEVADA

LARGEST OIL LEASE AGENTS IN BEST VALUES to. , NEVADA LAND _ Enclosed is my down-payment for my oil lease in "Rail- road Valley" as close to Shell Oil as possible. I have a MONEY YOU SPEND can be worth a lot more than its face value. What people don't realize 30 day money-back guarantee after receipt of literature. of dollars have been paid for Enclosed $10 down-payment on a 40 acre paris that coins do not have to be old to be valuable. Thousands cel ($10 per month payments) coins as recent as 1940 to 1956. For example, certain nickels issued prior to 1945 are worth Enclosed is $10 down-payment on an 80 acre $6,000, certain dimes prior to 1946, $5,000, etc. Be careful not to spend valuable coins that parcel in "Railroad Valley" ($20 payments per may be worth more. The illustrated 1804 silver dollar is worth $9,985.50 and there are nearly month, $210 full price) 19,000 of them unaccounted for. Is one yours? Catalog lists prices paid for hundreds of U.S. Name coins, $1 ppd. Best Values Co., Coin Dept. AL-8, 285 Market St., Newark, N.J. Address City". State You must be a citizen of the U.S.A. and over 21 years of age.

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 !

FREE! U.S. STAMPS PLUS COMPLETE U. S. CATALOG 1

WHY BUY BATTERIES? — This flashlight MAILED FREE - a 1 carat white diamond 4 Sensational Get-Acquainted Offers doesn't need them. The secret's in its built-in ladies or man's ring for $395 — that's the offer —From World's Largest Stamp Firm! storage battery that itself of these people who ask you to have it ap- recharges by plug- 1. Genuine centennial postage stamp, as ging into any electric outlet. Measures 4%", praised by your jeweler. They'll refund ap- illustrated, picturing first U.S.A. (issued 114 is ideal for home, car, etc. $2.30 ppd.; 2 for praisal cost if diamond isn't worth at least years ago!) •S4.10 ppd. Scott-Mitchell, Dept. AL-8, 415 50% above their price. Free catalog. Empire 2. Big collection of 25 all different United S. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. Diamond, AL-3, Empire State BIdg., N. Y. States — Ancient 19th century, $1.00 stamp, etc. 3. Collection beautiful commemoratives: American Revolution, Wild West, 1893 Col- umbian, many others. 4. Collector's Guide; Big U.S. Bargain Cat- alog; exciting stamp offers for your FREE inspection. Send 10c for mailing. MAIL COUPON TODAY! ACT NOW ~ ~H. i.~HARR?S~&"ca Dept. C-105, Boston 17, Mass. Rush my United States stamps and other

offers. I enclose 10c for mailing expenses.

Name

Address City &

State ... SEPTIC TANK TROUBLE? CANDY STRIPE SWIMSUITS are conti- EYEGLASS REPAIR KIT contains an optical nental inspired. Made of Helenca yarn, they screwdriver and an assortment of 12 standard jgm ,» NORTH EL Reactivator hug your body, dry in a jiffy. One size fits frame screws and nuts. If you've ever lost the wor 'cs t0 keep septic tank everyone. Three combinations, red and white, screws from your glasses, you'll know what a "\jA and it sspoi .1 clean. A b.R - olive and black, black and gold. Regular, handy item this can be. $1 ppd. Columbia teria concentrate breaks $3.95 ppd.; long leg style, $4.95. Grayson, Co., Dept. K-30, 404 Security BIdg., 234 ' — Dept. S-7, 210 Fifth Ave., N.Y. 10. East Colorado St., Pasadena, Calif. "n up solids and grease work-, in pi l vent <>\u- pPSSBP^y^ flow, back-up, odors. Reg- ular use can save costly pumping or digging. Sim- ply mix dry powder in water, flush down toilet. Non-poisonous, non- caustic. Guaranteed to reactivate septic tank, cesspool. Six months supply (23 ozs.) only $2.95 postpaid. ! 4 NORTHEL DISTRIBUTORS, AL-8

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YOU CAN'T BITE your nails after coating BE A BETTER BOWLER-Practice at home NO. K-3 TABLE them with "Kant-Bite." This safe scientific with Bowl-Rite. No bowling ball is needed. FULL-FINISHED formula forms a diamond-hard coat that It's simple and sturdy, sets up in a jiffy, is MASONITE TOP, STAIN-RESISTANT cannot be bitten. Also prevents splitting, collapsible for easy storage. Fine for use by chipping, breaking, keeps nails long and the whole family. With full instructions, FOLDING lovely. $1.50 ppd. Kant-Bite, Dept. AL-8, $13.95 ppd. Bowl-Rite, Dept. AL-6, P.O. Box 75 Rugby Sta., Brooklyn 3, N. Y. Box 8637, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. CHAIRS PEDESTAL TABLES DIRECT-FROM-FACTORY SAVINGS to Churches, Schools, Clubs, etc. Famous MONROE folding banquet tables. Automatic locking. Easily PARTITIONS seats 10 people. 94 models and sizes. FREE—NEW 1962 CATAtOG. Color pictures on full line—folding tables, chairs, table and chair trucks, risers, portable partitions. Our 54th year. THE MONROE CO., 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa RUPTURE-EASER (APiper Iirace Truss) i

Double 5.95 Right or left No CORRECT YOUR POSTURE - Broad, pow- FIRE AND BURGLAR ALARM protects Side (1 Fitting erful elastic belt pulls in sagging stomach home and family. It automatically sounds off 95 Required muscles, helps relieve backstrain, makes you when room temperature exceeds 135°, or if strong, form-fitting washable support appear taller, slimmer. Detachable pouch. someone tampers with window or door where Completely for reducible inguinal hernia. Back lacing adjustable. washable. Send hip measure. burglar attachment is connected. With bat- Snaps up in front. Adjustable leg strap. Soft, flat groin $4.98 ppd. Piper Brace Co., Dept. AL-82R, teries, $4.30; 3 for $12. Scott-Mitchell, Dept. pad. No steel or leather bands. Unexcelled for comfort. 811 Wyandotte, Kansas City Also used as after operation support. For men. women, 5, Mo. AL-8, 415 S. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. children. Mail orders give measure around the lowest part of the abdomen and state right, left side or double. We Prepay Postage except C.O.D.'s. PIPER BRACE CO. 811 Wyandotte Dept. AL-82 Kansas City 5, Mo. '^American Legion

What a bargain! Get these stamps— plus Germany Sputnik. Formosa An- cient Fortress, French India Mystic Goddess. Grand total 10'J all-different—only 10c. You also get: 88 Flags of the World; Midget Encyclopedia of Stamps. At the same time we'll send a fine selection of other stamps on approval for free examination. Buy only want, return balance within HOPPER those you 10 days. Satisfaction guaranteed. Ask for LotGU-15

ZENITH CO., 81 Wilioughby St., Bklyn 1 , N.Y. BUY REAL DIAMONDS THIS NEW WAY! SAVE 1/3 TO 1/2!

The Talk of the Country — You can now buy diamond jewelry by mail direct from one of America's Well Known Diamond Cutters. Any ring mailed direct for FREE 10 DAYS INSPECTION without any payment, if references given. Even appraise it at our risk. Send for FREE 72 Page Catalog. Over 5,000 styles $50 to $100,000 EMPIRE DIAMOND CORP., DEPT. L-9 Empire State Bldg., New York 1, N. Y. NAME ADDRESS FREE VITAMINS - You get a 100-tablet get EVERGREEN GROUND COVER-You supply of Bob Mathias one-a-day-type mul- YOUR OLD FUR COAT plants to cover 100 50 hardy creeping myrtle tiple vitamins for just 25^' in coin to help , sq. ft. of ground. Thrives in dense shade no INTO NEW CAPE 0 , q cover postage and handling. There are where will not grow. Blooms each STOLE, JACKET grass strings attached, no obligation. Just send A spring with myriads of periwinkle blue address and 25('- to General Nutrition, W name, flowers. $3.38 ppd.; 100 plants, $6.15 ppd. Dept. AL-8, 239 Fourth Ave., Pittsburgh 22, MORTON'S remodels your old Michigan Bulb, Dept. VM-1403, Grand fur coat, jacket, or cape into Pa. glamorous new fashion for only Rapids 2, Mich. S24.9.3. Includes restyling, new lining, interlining, muriOKrnm, cleaning, glazing. ORDER FROM MORTON'S, WORLD'S LARGEST FUR RE- STYLING SPECIALISTS. LARG- EST SELECTION AT ANY PRICE. Over 40 Styles. Praised by Harper's Bazaar, Glamour, others. Send no moncv! Just mail old fur. state dress size. Pay postman, plus postage, when new style arrives. Or write for Morton's new FREE Style Book. MORTON'S. Dept. 5-H WASHINGTON 4. D. C.

PORTABLE BLOCK & TACKLE weighs STOP STOOPING-Shoulder brace provides only 15 ozs. yet lifts up to 2000 lbs. Ideal even, distributed support for sagging shoul- for motorists, farmers, hunters, anyone who ders, corrects posture quickly, comfortably. has to do heavy lifting. Made of aluminum, Lightweight, cool, padded armbands, Give comes complete with 100 ft. nylon cord, measurement around chest. For men, women. carrying bag. $7.50 ppd. Scott Mitchell, $4.95 ppd. Piper Brace Co., Dept. AG-92H, Dept. AL-8, 415 S. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. 811 Wyandotte, Kansas City 5, Mo.

HURRY! SEND TODAY for new, FREE collection of 100 Worldwide stamps. Get new Issues of

past 12 months . . . Pakistan Khyber Pass, Queensland "Victoria", Central African Butter- fly, Argentina Llama, Mozambique "Arms", many others. Wonderful new additions to your collection. All different, all genuine, toplcals. pictorials, mint and used. Many In limited circulation, so get them first. Send today for this new, FREE collection, other stamp offers for approval. Rush name, 100 for handling, postage. Garcelon Stamp Co., Dept. 8A LX Calais. Maine. Suspens-O- Truss

NOW! -.'i 2-WAY f y RUPTURE LAWNMOWER SHARPENER— This handy DRINK MEASURER automatically pours a accessory for electric drills does a pro- 1-ounce shot every time, makes you the RELIEF fessional job on all makes and models of perfect bartender. By adjusting a screw, you lawnmower blades, hoes, scythes etc. Long- can vary size of shot. Pourer acts as cork You can enjoy the relief and comfort of a new lasting reversible grinding wheel. Saves you when bottle is upright. Each $1.98 ppd.; 3 truss design for reducible inguinal hernia com- time and money. $1.98 ppd. A & B Indus- for $5 ppd. Murray Hill House, Dept. AL-7, bined with the ease security of cool, added and a tries, Dept. AL-8, 342 Madison Ave., N.Y. 17. P.O. Box 126, Bethpage, N.Y. comfortable suspensory. Flat foam rubber pad shaped to fit snugly under abdominal bultfe. Elas- tic body belt. Send hip measurement. Only $6.98 postpaid. Satisfaction guaranteed. Money back if truss returned postpaid in 30 days. KINLEN COM- PANY, Dept. AL-82T, 809 Wyandotte, Kansas City 5, Mo. The AMERICAN LEGION CLASSIFIED

For rates, write American Legion Classified 720 Fifth Avenue, New York 19, N.Y.

SALESMEN WANTED HELP WANTED SENSATIONAL NEW longer-burning Light Bulb. SELL ADVERTISING MATCHBOOKS to local Amazing Free Replacement Guarantee — never businesses. No experience needed — powerful again buy light bulbs. No competition. Multi- sales kit free. Part, full-time. Match Corpora- million dollar market yours alone. Make small tion of America, Dept. EX-82, Chicago 32. 1 CARAT DIAMOND costs $1000, yet a A fortune even spare time. Incredibly quick sales. comparable selected 1 carat Capra Gem is Free sales kit. Merlite (Bulb Div.), 114 E. 32nd, LOANS BY MAIL Skillfully and hand pol- only $27. hand cut Dept. C-74X, New York 16. BORROW $100 to $1,000 BY MAIL. Quick, Easy, ished. Capra Gems are as dazzling as dia- MAKE BIG MONEY taking orders for Stark Private. No Co-Signers. Repay in 24 small monds. Priced within reach of all! Write for DWARF Fruit Trees. Everybody can now grow monthly payments. For the amount you want, free booklet and easy pay details. Capra Gem, Giant Size Apples, Peaches, Pears in their write today to DIAL Finance Co., 410 KilpatricK Dept. AL-82, Box 5145, Philadelphia 41, Pa. yards. Also Shade Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Roses, Bldg., Dept. H-102, Omaha 2, Nebraska. etc. Outfit FREE. Stark Bro's, Desk 30183, REAL ESTATE Louisiana, Missouri. BAHAMA ISLAND Sunswept Homesites (120' x BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES 85'). Sandy beach, fishing, water sports. $895. INVESTIGATE ACCIDENTS— Earn $750 to $1,000 No taxes. $10 month. Suitable investment, vaca- monthly. Thousands of insurance companies, tioning, retirement. Free information. Bahama airlines, steamship lines urgently need Acci- Estates, 3768-A Bathurst, Downsview, Ontario, dent Investigators. Free Book. WRITE: Univer- Canada. sal Schools, CA-8, 6801 Hillcrest, Dallas 5, CRAFTS & SUPPLIES Texas. FELLER'S AUCTIONEERING COLLEGE-World's SKIL-CRAFTS New '62-'63 catalog. Largest and Finest selection of Leathercraft, highest trained degree, free catalog. 225 South Artist, Hobby- craft supplies in the world. Free Gift with first Schuyler, Kankakee, Illinois. order. Send 50c. Refundable with first order. HOME MAILORDER BUSINESS - Raising fish- Skil-Crafts, Box 167-A, Joplin, Missouri. worms and crickets. Free Literature. Carter FOR Gardens, Plains, Georgia. WOMEN EARN FAST, MAKE-UP AIDS are transparent plastic cut- EARN CASH Clipping Newspapers. Dignified $50.00 easy, sewing Aprons, spare, full time. Excellent opportunity to build steady out that help the ladies find the right lip and Homework. Details: Crystalco M71-CAL8, Hobo- extra income. Details free. Redikuts, Loganville eyebrow outlines to flatter the contours of ken, New Jersey. 22, Wisconsin. their faces. Comes with hints on the best AGENTS WANTED ways of applying make-up. ppd. Charles SCHOOLS & INSTRUCTIONS $1 BUSINESS KIT FREE! Postcard puts you in of Fifth Avenue, Dept. AL-8, Box 67, Rugby business! Complete line 230 shoe styles, jack- ELECTRONICS RADIO TELEVISION. Learn at Sta., Brooklyn 3, N. Y. ets! New Discoveries pay Big Commissions. No home. Get catalog free. National Radio Insti- investment. Send fer Free Kit. Mason, Chippewa tute, Dept. 2GM8, Washington 16, D.C. Falls K-435, Wisconsin. LEATHERCRAFT MUSIC — SONGWRITERS FREE "DO-IT-YOURSELF" Leathercraft Catalog. POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown Tandy Leather Company, Box 791-W44, Fort Music, 49-AM West 32, New York 1. Worth, Texas.

NAME AND ADDRESS LABELS are handy to have around, and are perfect for such as letters, cards, packages, checks, etc. Print your name and address carefully and send it in to these people and they'll print you 1,000 gummed labels packed in a plastic box. $1 ppd. Tower Press, Box 591-AL, Lynn, Mass.

FLORIDA ACREAGE ON THE INSTALLMENT PLAN - Now it is possible to buy investment acreage in Collier County, Florida, only 50 miles west of Miami (downtown Miami pictured above). $1 down and $10 a month buys a 5-acre tract of undeveloped, unimproved land without drainage, clearing or roads, and none are planned. Total price, $795. No closing costs, interest or hidden charges. Send $1 deposit to reserve your 5-acre tract. You'll receive complete information, brochure, maps, contract. 30-day money-back guarantee. Golden Florida Acres, Dept. AL-AD 61024 (K) (5), 420 Lincoln Rd., Miami Beach 39, Fla.

LAND IN NEW MEXICO - own an acre of land near Albuquerque, America's 7th fastest growing city, in a climate that's really lovely. $395 complete; $10 down, $10 a month. For full information: Valley of the Estancia VALUABLE Ranchettes, Dept. N20-H, 2316 Central S.E., HIGH-POTENCY Albuquerque, N. M. 25-Day Supply Worth $1.25

GET FREE VITAMINS—These good people ALL TRANSISTOR DESK RADIO & PEN will send you absolutely free a 25-day supply SET operates on inexpensive pencil batteries, of a valuable high-potency vitamin worth has built-in loud speaker, internal built-in $1.25. This vitamin food supplement con- ferrite antenna, is fully portable, plays any- tains 45 nutritional aids, is presently being where. You get perfect reception on all sta- private SAVE ON VITAMINS for the whole family used by thousands of nutrition-conscious tions. Comes with your own personal are with Hudson's new vitamin catalog. Over Americans. Just send 10^ in coin to cover earphone. Batteries and ball point pen additional charge. It's 100 formulas listed. For example: Vitamin mailing costs. Also available is a free catalog also included at no meas- B-l (50 mg.) sells nationally for $4.59 per and vitamin guidebook that will tell you lightweight (weighs less than 1 lb.), 2", is for office, 100-Hudson's price, 65(! per 100. Write for how to make savings of 50% and more on ures 6%"~x 4%" x ideal people will free 48-page catalog to Hudson Vitamin, your vitamin and health aid purchases. For home, traveling, etc. These good three- Dept. AL-8, 89 Seventh Ave., N. Y. 11. your free vitamin supply send 10^ to Vitamin- personalize it free with three 24-kt. Quota, Dept. A-667, 880 Broadway, N.Y. 3 dimensional initials (specify). Gift-boxed. or Dept. A-667, 1125 South Crenshaw, Los $10.50 ppd. Novel Mfg. Corp., Dept. AL-8, Angeles, Calif. 31 Second Ave., N.Y. 3.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 47 SUET GOES Yes, shedding fat, Fatso, Is tough to continue; Freak diets fall flat, so Do "Pills That'll Thin You." There's no quick way, Fatso, PA rxr'f iXfrl^z^ To melt off your lard, And you will find that's so; —De-greasing is hard. It means strain and stress It's a real, rugged chore For you gotta eat less Or you gotta sweat more. Howard Winley

PLAYING THE GAME

A girl will find summer sports essentially' the same as the ones she went out with in the winter. S. S. BlDDLE

FAMILY REUNION PICNIC 'Tis a joyous feast shared 'Mid the birds, bees, and plants, Communing with cousins, uncles, And ants. Wanda G. Cunningham

TIDE-Y FELLOW

An opportunist is a man who never casts

his bread upon the waters until he is sure

the tide is coming in. Philip Thomas

TOOL FOOL'S LAMENT I once owned tools which, to my sorrow, I used to lend, but now must borrow. 'Ever since Davis retired, he shows up mornings just to gloat!" Joseph F. Norris

THE BEST KIND

QUICK AS A CAT There is nothing wrong with a communist underground in America— if he is A father and his small son were seated on the bus at the terminal. The permanently and horizontally there. youngster, bursting with pride, was carefully holding a covered box on D. O. Flynn his lap. "Daddy," he asked suddenly, "is my kitten a lady kitten or a man kitten?" AH, MEN! "A man kitten," said Dad. Men seldom pick out "How do you know?" the boy persisted, to the amusement of the other Girls who don't stick out. passengers. S. Omar Barker One could have heard a pin drop as the father promptly replied: "Well, he has whiskers, hasn't he?" F. G. Kernan

CONSTANT REMINDER Two friends met on the street and after exchanging greetings Bill said, "Where are you going on your vacation?" "I'm going to Yellowstone Park," replied Bob, eagerly. "That's wonderful!" enthused Bill, "don't forget Old Faithful." "Forget Old Faithful!" exclaimed the tourist, "I'm taking her with me!" Anna Herbert

GIRL'S BEST FRIEND A woman who had always been in modest circumstances before she came into an unexpected large inheritance attended a baseball game with some friends. She was wearing a smart tweed outfit with a diamond brooch about the size of a large English walnut. "My dear," cooed a woman friend seated in the box with her, "if you don't mind my saying so, you shouldn't wear such a large piece of jewelry with tweeds."

"I know," snapped the wealthy woman. "That's what I always said . . .

before I owned one!" Dan Bennett

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1962 IN AMERICA... BUY AND FLY A FLAG

ALL PURPOSE FLAG SET with two piece aluminum pole, hal-

yards and utility holder for attaching to wall, window sill, etc. Defiance cotton bunting, sewed stars and sewed stripes.

3 x 5-ft. flag; 6-ft. pole No. 72800 $ 7.40 4 x 6-ft. flag; 8-ft. pole No. 72801 10.00

Reliance cotton, printed stars and sewed stripes 3 x 5-ft. flag; 6-ft. pole No. 72802 $ 4.00 Six or more, each 3.50

4 x 6-ft. flag ; 8-ft. pole No. 72803 6.20 ALL PURPOSE SETS SHIPPED PREPAID

UNMOUNTED U. S. FLAGS Fast color with canvas headings and metal MEMBERS RING grommets. Popular priced Sterling (Prices of other sizes and qualities on request.) Silver ring with gold-plated Reliance Defiance Nylanin Cotton Cotton (Long wear wool emblem for every Legion- ci7r (printed stars, (sewed stars texture 75% nylon, sewed stripes) and stripes) 25% wool) naire. (Sizes 7 to 13 from 2 x 3 feet $ 2.70 $ 7.20 stock. Other sizes add 3x5 feet S2.50 5.50 12.50 4x 6 feet 3.50 7.30 18.90 $1 .50 2 with weeks delivery) 5x 8 feet 11.00 29.00 No. 73880 $2.75 6 x 10 feet 14.00 39.00 8 x 12 feet 22.00 62.50

LAWN U. S. FLAG SETS Two piece, 12-ft. wood pole with brass capped lawn socket.

Defiance cotton bunting 3 x 5 ft. flag with dyed stars and sewed stripes. No. 72837 $15.00 Reliance cotton 3 x 5-ft. flag with dyed stars and sewed stripes. No. 72838, each $11.00 NYLON JACKET Six or more, each 10.00 Lawn sets F.O.B. New York City. Two weeks delivery. Lightweight washable 100% nylon. "Hurricane" FLAG MATERIAL (not illustrated) type two-button stand-up Let's Be Right on Flag Etiquette— 20-page pamphlet. Ques- tions and answers. collar. Navy blue (No. Each No. 72600 $ .15 70271) or white (No. 70275) Per 100 7.00 in sizes Sm., Med., Lg., Flag Code— Illustrates and describes the correct way to dis- Ex-Lg $6.95 play the American Flag. Each No. 72601 $ .04 Per 100 3.00 Per 1000 20.00

Flag Code Newspaper Mat— Set in standard newspaper col- umns. Can be cut into sections for periodic or partial use. Each No. 72602 $ 1.70

ON ALL ORDERS UNDER $3.00, ADD 25c FOR POSTAGE AND HANDLING PRICES INCLUDE FEDERAL EXCISE TAX WHERE APPLICABLE

THE AMERICAN LEGION, NATIONAL EMBLEM SALES

P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis 6, Indiana

Enclosed is $ . Please rush the following

NAME BUFFALO CALF "REGISTRAR" BILLFOLD by Prince Gardner. Removable photo card case. Brown (No. ADDRESS 74435) or Black (No. 74436) $5.50 CITY STATE

Send me a free Emblem catalog. Membership Card No.