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DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.210519 Online Supplementary Material A new species of Pteronisculus from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Luoping, Yunnan, China, and phylogenetic relationships of early actinopterygian fishes Table of Contents 1. Occurrences of Pteronisculus 2. Comparisons of pterygial formula 3. Taxa and principal sources of data Advanced4. Supplementary figure online publication 5. Character list 6. References to supplementary information 1 1. Occurrences of Pteronisculus White, 1933, according to the published literature Species Occurrence Age References Pteronisculus cicatrosus Northwest Early Triassic White (1933), Lehman Madagascar (1952), Uyeno (1978) P. macropterus Northwest Early Triassic White (1933), Lehman Madagascar (1952) P. arambourgi Northwest Early Triassic Lehman (1952) Madagascar P. broughi Northwest Early Triassic Lehman (1952) Madagascar P. gyrolepidoides Spitsbergen Early Triassic Stensiö (1921), Véran (Svalbard) (1988) P. arcticus Greenland Early Triassic Stensiö (1932), Nielsen (1936, 1942) AdvancedP. stensioi Greenlandonline Early Triassicpublication Nielsen (1942) P. gunnari Greenland Early Triassic Nielsen (1942) P. magnus Greenland Early Triassic Nielsen (1942) P. aldingeri Greenland Early Triassic Nielsen (1942) P. nevadanus Nevada (USA) Early Triassic Romano et al. (2019) P. nielseni Yunnan (China) Middle Triassic Xu et al. (2014) P. changae Yunnan (China) Middle Triassic This study 2. Comparisons of pterygial formula in selected species of Pteronisculus Species D P A T P. arctica 33–35 14 30 55–59 P. stensioi 41–43 20 35 63 P. aldingeri ~40 16–18 37 ~65 P. nielseni 36–38 14 29–30 60–61 P. changae 53 15 44 83 2 3. Taxa and principal sources of data Taxon Source Guiyu oneiros (out group) Zhu et al., 2009; Qiao and Zhu, 2010 Acipenser brevirostrum Nieuwenhuys, 1982; Hilton et al., 2011 Aesopichthys erinaceus Poplin and Lund, 2000 Amia calva Grande and Bemis, 1998; Sallan, 2014 Asialepidotus shingyiensis Su, 1959; Xu and Ma, 2017 Amphicentrum granulosum Traquair, 1875; Bradley-Dyne, 1939 Atractosteus spatula Grande, 2010 Australosomus kochi Nielsen, 1949 Beagiascus pulcherrimus Mickle et al., 2009 Beishanichthys brevicaudalis Xu and Gao, 2011 Birgeria groenlandica Nielsen, 1949 AdvancedBirgeria stensioi onlineAldinger, 1931; Romano publication and Brinkmann, 2009 Bobasatrania groenlandica Stensiö, 1932 Boreosomus piveteaui Nielsen, 1942 Caturus furcatus Patterson, 1975; Lambers, 1994; Grande and Bemis, 1998 Cheirolepis canadensis Arratia and Cloutier, 1996; Arratia, 2009 Cheirolepis schultzei Cloutier and Arratia, 2004 Cheirolepis trailli Pearson and Westoll, 1979; Giles et al., 2015a Chondrosteus acipenseroides Hilton and Forey 2011; Hilton et al., 2011 Cosmoptychius striatus Schaeffer, 1971; Coates, 1999 Cyranorhis bergeraci Lund et al., 1997 Discoserra pectinodon Lund, 2000; Hurley et al., 2007 Donnrosenia schaefferi Long et al., 2008 Dorsetichthys bechei Patterson, 1968, 1973, 1975; Grande and Bemis, 1998 Ebenaqua ritchei Campbell and Le Duy Phuoc, 1983 Elops hawaiensis Forey, 1973 Erpetoichthys calabaricus Claeson et al., 2007; Claeson and Hagadorn, 2008 Evenkia eunoptera Berg, 1942; Selezneva, 1985; Sytchevskaya, 1999 Fouldenia ischiptera Sallan and Coates, 2013 Fukangichthys longidorsalis Xu et al., 2014a Howqualepis rostridens Long, 1988; Choo, 2009 Ionoscopus cyprinoides Grande and Bemis, 1998; Maisey, 1999 Kalops monophyrum Poplin and Lund, 2000 Kentuckia deani Rayner, 1951; Giles and Friedman, 2014 Balfour and Parker, 1882; Rayner, 1937; Mathiesen and Lepisosteus osseus Popper, 1987; Grande, 2010 Louwoichthys pusillus Xu, 2020 Luganoia lepidosteoides Bürgin, 1992 Jain and Robinson, 1963; Wenz, 1967; Patterson, 1975; Macrosemimimus lennieri Schröder et al., 2012 3 Macrosemius rostratus Bartram, 1977 Melanecta anneae Coates, 1998 Mesopoma planti Coates, 1999 Mimipiscis bartrami Gardiner, 1984; Choo, 2011 Mimipiscis toombsi Gardiner, 1984; Choo, 2011; Giles and Friedman, 2014 Moythomasia lineata Jessen, 1968; Choo 2015 Moythomasia nitida Jessen, 1968; Choo 2015 Moythomasia durgaringa Gardiner, 1984; Long and Trinajstic, 2010; Choo 2015 Obaichthys decoratus Grande, 2010 Ophiopsiella attenuata Wagner, 1863; Bartram, 1975; Lane and Ebert, 2015 Osorioichthys marginis Taverne, 1997 Polyodon spathula Walbaum, 1792; Grande and Bemis, 1991 Allis, 1922; Jollie, 1984; Bjerring, 1991; Bartsch and Polypterus bichir Advanced onlineGemballa, 1992; Ba publicationrtsch et al., 1997; Grande, 2010 Propterus elongatus Bartram, 1977 Pteronisculus changae sp. nov. This study Pteronisculus cicatrosus Lehman, 1952 Pteronisculus magnus Nielsen, 1942 Pteronisculus nielseni Xu et al., 2014b Pteronisculus stensioi Nielsen 1942; Coates, 1998 Raynerius splendens Giles et al., 2015b Saurichthys madagascariensis Kogan et al., 2016 Saurichthys ornatus Stensiö, 1925; Mutter et al., 2008 Saurichthys sp. Stensiö, 1925; Minikh, 1981 Semionotus elegans Olsen and McCune, 1991 Styracopterus fulcratus Sallan and Coates, 2013 Teffichthys madagascariensis Piveteau, 1934; Marramà et al., 2017 Venusichthys comptus Xu and Zhao, 2016 Watsonulus eugnathoides Olsen, 1984; Grande and Bemis, 1998 Woodichthys bearsdeni Coates, 1998 Yelangichthys macrocephalus Wu et al., 2013 4 4. Supplementary figure Advanced online publication Fig. 1S Strict consensus of 12 most parsimonious trees with character states supporting the nodes and terminal taxa 5 5. Character list Characters 1–275 are taken from Argyriou et al. (2018), which in turn is modified from Giles et al. (2017; see for character notes and provenance). Changes in coding and the source of additional characters (Chas. 276–282) are noted in the description. The states of 18 characters (Chas. 1, 2, 28, 37, 94, 99, 127, 128, 135, 140, 147, 150, 176, 208, 230, 234, 238, and 250) are constant throughout the selected taxa and are not included when performing this phylogenetic analysis. Ordered multistate characters (91, 93, 155, 177, 251 and 260) are indicated with an asterisk (*). General 1. Large dermal plates (Forey, 1980; Gardiner, 1984; Zhu and Schultze, 2001; Zhu et al., 2001, 2006, 2009, 2013; Zhu and Yu, 2002; Friedman, 2007; Brazeau, 2009; Friedman and Brazeau; 2010; Davis et al., 2012; Brazeau and Friedman, 2014; Giles et al., 2015b, 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018) 0 absent 1 present Advanced2. Sensory lines online publication (Brazeau, 2009; Zhu et al., 2013; Giles et al., 2015b, 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018) 0 preserved as open grooves 1 pass through canals Dermal skull 3. Premaxilla as distinct ossification (Hurley et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2014a; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. Typically, the premaxilla is a short, paired or median bone that contributes to the orbital margin anterior to the maxilla. The coding for Australosomus kochi is revised to ‘?’) 0 present 1 absent 4. Premaxillae, contact at midline (Cloutier and Ahlberg, 1996; Taverne, 1997; Schultze and Cumbaa, 2001; Zhu and Schultze, 2001; Zhu and Yu, 2002; Cloutier and Arratia, 2004; Friedman and Blom, 2006; Zhu et al., 2006; Friedman, 2007; Long et al., 2008; Swartz, 2009; Choo, 2011; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018) 0 present 1 absent 5. Premaxilla fused at midline (Xu et al., 2012, 2015; Xu and Zhao, 2016; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. Coded as inapplicable in taxa lacking any ossification in the position typically occupied by the premaxilla (e.g. Acipenser and Cyranorhis) and where the premaxilla appears fused with the rostral (e.g. Bobasatrania, Styracopterus and Luganoia)) 0 absent 1 present 6. Premaxilla (Friedman, 2007; Giles et al., 2015b, 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. Coded as inapplicable in taxa lacking any ossification in the position typically occupied by the premaxilla (e.g. Acipenser and Cyranorhis) and in taxa where the premaxillae do not contact at the midline. The coding for Watsonulus eugnathoides is revised to ‘1’) 6 0 reaches or extends past anterior margin of orbit 1 confined to region anterior to orbit 7. Premaxilla contributes to orbital margin (Cloutier and Ahlberg, 1996; Schultze and Cumbaa, 2001; Zhu and Schultze, 2001; Zhu et al., 2001, 2006, 2009, 2013; Zhu and Yu, 2002; Cloutier and Arratia, 2004; Friedman, 2007; Long et al., 2008; Swartz, 2009; Xu and Gao, 2011; Xu et al., 2014a; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. The coding for Pteronisculus stensioi is revised to ‘?’) 0 absent 1 present 8. Teeth on premaxillae (Cloutier and Arratia, 2004, Xu et al., 2014a; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. The coding for Pteronisculus stensioi is revised to ‘?’) 0 present 1 absent Advanced9. Mobile premaxilla online publication (Arratia, 1999; Cavin and Suteethorn, 2006; Hurley et al., 2007; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018) 0 absent 1 present 10. Olfactory nerve pierces premaxilla (Grande, 2010; Xu et al., 2015; Xu and Shen, 2015; Xu and Zhao, 2016; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018. The codings for Watsonulus eugnathoides and Macrosemius rostratus are revised to ‘0’) 0 absent 1 present 11. Nasal process of premaxilla (Gardiner and Schaeffer, 1989; Gardiner et al., 1996, 2005; Cavin and Suteethorn, 2006; Hurley et al., 2007; Grande, 2010; Lopez-Arbarello, 2011; Xu and Wu, 2012; Xu et al., 2014a; Xu and Shen, 2015; Xu and Zhao, 2016; Giles et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2018; Argyriou et al., 2018) 0 absent 1 short 2
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    THE SOUTHWESTERNNATURALIST 46(2):151-157 JUNE 2001 ECOLOGY OF THE ALLIGATOR GAR, ATRACTOSTEUSSPATULA, IN THE VICENTE G1;JERRERORESERVOIR, TAMAULIPAS, MEXICO .-., FRANCISCO J. GARCiA DE LEON, LEONARDO GoNzALEZ-GARCiA, JOSE M. HERRERA-CAsTILLO, KIRK O. WINEMILLER,* AND ALFONSO BANDA-VALDES Laboratorio de Biologia lntegrativa, lnstituto Tecnol6gicode Ciudad Victoria, Boulevard Emilio Fortes Gil1301, Ciudad Victoria, CP 87010, Tamaulipas, Mexico (F]GL, LGG,]MHC) Department of Wildlife and FisheriesSciences, Texas A&M University, CollegeStation, TX 77843-2258 (KO~ Direcci6n Generalde Pescadel Gobiernodel Estado de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico (ABV) * Correspondent:[email protected] ABsTRACf-We provide the first ecological account of the alligator gar, Atractosteusspatula, in the Vicente Guerrero Reservoir, Tamaulipas, Mexico. During March to September, 1998, the local fishery cooperative captured more than 23,000 kg of alligator gar from the reservoir. A random sample of their catch was dominated by males, which were significantly smaller than females. Males and females had similar weight-length relationships. Relative testicular weight varied little season- ally, but relative ovarian weight showed a strong seasonal pattern that indicated peak spawning activity during July and August. Body condition of both sexes also varied in a pattern consistent with late summer spawning. Fishing for alligator gar virtually ceased from October to February, when nonreproductive individuals were presumed to move offshore to deeper water. Alligator gar fed primarily on largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides,and less frequently on other fishes. The gillnet fishery for alligator gar in the reservoir appears to be based primarily on individuals that move into shallow, shoreline areas to spawn. Males probably remain in these habitats longer than females.
  • The Early Triassic Jurong Fish Fauna, South China Age, Anatomy, Taphonomy, and Global Correlation

    The Early Triassic Jurong Fish Fauna, South China Age, Anatomy, Taphonomy, and Global Correlation

    Global and Planetary Change 180 (2019) 33–50 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Global and Planetary Change journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gloplacha Research article The Early Triassic Jurong fish fauna, South China: Age, anatomy, T taphonomy, and global correlation ⁎ Xincheng Qiua, Yaling Xua, Zhong-Qiang Chena, , Michael J. Bentonb, Wen Wenc, Yuangeng Huanga, Siqi Wua a State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China b School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK c Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: As the higher trophic guilds in marine food chains, top predators such as larger fishes and reptiles are important Lower Triassic indicators that a marine ecosystem has recovered following a crisis. Early Triassic marine fishes and reptiles Fish nodule therefore are key proxies in reconstructing the ecosystem recovery process after the end-Permian mass extinc- Redox condition tion. In South China, the Early Triassic Jurong fish fauna is the earliest marine vertebrate assemblage inthe Ecosystem recovery period. It is constrained as mid-late Smithian in age based on both conodont biostratigraphy and carbon Taphonomy isotopic correlations. The Jurong fishes are all preserved in calcareous nodules embedded in black shaleofthe Lower Triassic Lower Qinglong Formation, and the fauna comprises at least three genera of Paraseminotidae and Perleididae. The phosphatic fish bodies often show exceptionally preserved interior structures, including net- work structures of possible organ walls and cartilages. Microanalysis reveals the well-preserved micro-structures (i.e. collagen layers) of teleost scales and fish fins.
  • Lombardy 2012 Part A

    Lombardy 2012 Part A

    Pan-European Correlation of the Triassic 9th International Field Workshop September 1-5, 2012 The Middle-Late Triassic of Lombardy (I) and Canton Ticino (CH) By Flavio Jadoul and Andrea Tintori 2 This Field Trip had support from: Convenzione dei Comuni italiani del Monte San Giorgio/UNESCO Fondazione UNESCO- Monte San Giorgio Svizzera Comunità Montana della Valsassina, Valvarrone, Val d’Esino e Riviera Parco Regionale della Grigna Settentrionale 3 September 2, first day by Andrea Tintori and Markus Felber MONTE SAN GIORGIO IS UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE Monte San Giorgio is among the most important fossil-bearing sites in the world, in particular concerning the middle Triassic fauna (245-230 million years ago). Following the UNESCO inscription of the Swiss side of the mountain in 2003, the Italian side has been inscribed in 2010, stating that: “Monte San Giorgio is the only and best known evidence of the marine Triassic life but also preserves some important remains of terrestrial organisms. The numerous and diverse fossil finds are exceptionally preserved and complete. The long history of the research and the controlled management of the paleontological resources have allowed thorough studies and the classification of exceptional specimens which are the basis for a rich scientific paper production. For all these reasons Monte San Giorgio represents the main reference in the world concerning the Triassic faunas.” 4 THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF MONTE SAN GIORGIO Monte San Giorgio belongs to the broad tectonic feature named Sudalpino , which encompasses all the rock formations lying South of the Insubric Line. The oldest rocks of Monte San Giorgio outcrop in spots along the shores of the Ceresio Lake, between the Brusino Arsizio custom house and the built-up area of Porto Ceresio.