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Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene Echinoderms and the K/T Boundary in the Southeast Netherlands and Northeast Belgium — Part 6: Conclusions
pp 507-580 15-01-2007 14:51 Pagina 505 Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene echinoderms and the K/T boundary in the southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium — Part 6: Conclusions John W.M. Jagt Jagt, J.W.M. Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene echinoderms and the K/T boundary in the southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium — Part 6: Conclusions. — Scripta Geol., 121: 505-577, 8 figs., 9 tables, Leiden, December 2000. John W.M. Jagt, Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht, Postbus 882, NL-6200 AW Maastricht, The Netherlands, E-mail: [email protected] Key words: Echinodermata, Late Cretaceous, Early Palaeogene, palaeobiology, K/T boundary, extinc- tion. The palaeobiology of echinoderms occurring in the Meerssen and Geulhem members is discussed and changes in diversity across the K/T boundary are documented. Using literature data on the ecology of extant faunas, the various echinoderm groups are considered. Naturally, such data can only be applied with due caution to fossil forms, whose skeletal morphology is often incompletely known. This holds especially true for asteroids, ophiuroids, and crinoids, which, upon death, rapidly disinte- grate into jumbles of dissociated ossicles. Bioturbation, scavenging, and current winnowing all con- tribute to blurring the picture still further. However, data on extant forms do allow a preliminary sub- division of fossil species into various ecological groups, which are discussed herein. Combining recently published data on K/T boundary sections in Jylland and Sjælland (Denmark) with the pic- ture drawn here for the Maastricht area results in the following best constrained scenario. The demise of the highly diverse latest Maastrichtian echinoderm faunas, typical of shallow-water settings with local palaeorelief and associated unconsolidated bottoms, was rapid, suggestive of a catastrophic event (e.g. -
Ecological Assessment of the Flora and Fauna of Point Lookout Dive Sites North Stradbroke Island, QLD Australia
Ecological Assessment of the Flora and Fauna of Point Lookout Dive Sites North Stradbroke Island, QLD Australia Authors Chris Roelfsema, Ruth Thurstan, Jason Flower, Maria Beger, Michele Gallo, Jennifer Loder, Eva Kovacs, K-le Gomez Cabrera, Alexandra Lea, Juan Ortiz, Dunia Brunner, and Diana Kleine Ecological Assessment of the Flora and Fauna of Point Lookout Dive Sites, North Stradbroke Island, Queensland. Final Report This report should be cited as: Roelfsema C., R. Thurstan, J. Flower, M. Beger, M. Gallo, J. Loder, E. Kovacs, K. Gomez Cabrera, A. Lea, J. Ortiz, D. Brunner, and D. Kleine (2014). Ecological Assessment of the Flora and Fauna of Point Lookout Dive Sites, North Stradbroke Island, Queensland., UniDive, The University of Queensland Underwater Club, Brisbane, Australia. The views and interpretation expressed in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily those of contributing agencies and organisations. UniDive PLEA Final Report 12/12/2014 1 | Page UniDive PLEA Final Report 12/12/2014 2 | Page I see a majestic gliding turtle Like a bird of the ocean Go past colourful stinging coral The slimy fish like darts Miniscule bubbles rising fast That are like ocean toys I hear colossal waves forming A front flip splashing, shrill, bulking dolphin Diving through the salt water, croaking calmly A poem by Felix Pheasant 8 years old, the youngest PLEA participant to join us during the survey weekends.. This Report will give him a chance to enjoy “Straddie” as much as the volunteers did. UniDive PLEA Final Report 12/12/2014 3 | Page Table of Contents Table of Contents 4 List of Figures 5 List of Tables 6 List of Appendices 6 Acknowledgements 7 Core PLEA divers during training weekend in January and March 2014. -
The Role of Chemical Signals on the Feeding Behavior of the Crown-Of-Thorns Seastar, Acanthaster Planci (Linnaeus, 1758)
THE ROLE OF CHEMICAL SIGNALS ON THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE CROWN-OF-THORNS SEASTAR, ACANTHASTER PLANCI (LINNAEUS, 1758) BY CIEMON FRANK CABALLES A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GUAM SEPTEMBER, 2009 AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS of Ciemon Frank Caballes for the Master of Science in Biology presented 25 September, 2009. Title: The Role of Chemical Signals on the Feeding Behavior of the Crown-of- Thorns Seastar, Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) Approved: ______________________________________________________________ Peter J. Schupp, Chairman, Thesis Committee Coral reefs are among the world’s most diverse and productive ecosystems, but at the same time also one of the most threatened. Increasing anthropogenic pressure has limited the resilience of reefs to natural disturbances, such as outbreaks of crown-of- thorns seastar, Acanthaster planci. A. planci is a corallivore known to inflict large-scale coral mortality at high population densities and continues to be a reef management problem despite previous control efforts. There has been no active control of A. planci populations on Guam since the 1970’s despite recent surveys showing that A. planci outbreaks continue to damage large areas of reef and is one of the primary sources of coral mortality around Guam. Large aggregations of up to 522 individuals/ha of reef were observed to feed mainly on Acroporids, especially encrusting Montipora and branching Acropora. Preferential feeding by A. planci, even at moderate densities, causes differential mortality among coral species, which can exert a major influence on community structure. Despite this, the underlying mechanisms involved in this feeding behavior are still poorly understood. -
An Early Cretaceous Astropectinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea)
Andean Geology 41 (1): 210-223. January, 2014 Andean Geology doi: 10.5027/andgeoV41n1-a0810.5027/andgeoV40n2-a?? formerly Revista Geológica de Chile www.andeangeology.cl An Early Cretaceous astropectinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from Patagonia (Argentina): A new species and the oldest record of the family for the Southern Hemisphere Diana E. Fernández1, Damián E. Pérez2, Leticia Luci1, Martín A. Carrizo2 1 Instituto de Estudios Andinos Don Pablo Groeber (IDEAN-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, Ángel Gallardo 470, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT. Asterozoans are free living, star-shaped echinoderms which are important components of benthic marine faunas worldwide. Their fossil record is, however, poor and fragmentary, probably due to dissarticulation of ossicles. In particular, fossil asteroids are infrequent in South America. A new species of starfish is reported from the early Valanginian of the Mulichinco Formation, Neuquén Basin, in the context of a shallow-water, storm-dominated shoreface environment. The specimen belongs to the Astropectinidae, and was assigned to a new species within the genus Tethyaster Sladen, T. antares sp. nov., characterized by a R:r ratio of 2.43:1, rectangular marginals wider in the interbrachial angles, infero- marginals (28 pairs along a median arc) with slightly convex profile and flat spines (one per ossicle in the interbrachials and two per ossicle in the arms). -
THE ECHINODERM NEWSLETTER Number 22. 1997 Editor: Cynthia Ahearn Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Room
•...~ ..~ THE ECHINODERM NEWSLETTER Number 22. 1997 Editor: Cynthia Ahearn Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Room W-31S, Mail Stop 163 Washington D.C. 20560, U.S.A. NEW E-MAIL: [email protected] Distributed by: David Pawson Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Room W-321, Mail Stop 163 Washington D.C. 20560, U.S.A. The newsletter contains information concerning meetings and conferences, publications of interest to echinoderm biologists, titles of theses on echinoderms, and research interests, and addresses of echinoderm biologists. Individuals who desire to receive the newsletter should send their name, address and research interests to the editor. The newsletter is not intended to be a part of the scientific literature and should not be cited, abstracted, or reprinted as a published document. A. Agassiz, 1872-73 ., TABLE OF CONTENTS Echinoderm Specialists Addresses Phone (p-) ; Fax (f-) ; e-mail numbers . ........................ .1 Current Research ........•... .34 Information Requests .. .55 Announcements, Suggestions .. • .56 Items of Interest 'Creeping Comatulid' by William Allison .. .57 Obituary - Franklin Boone Hartsock .. • .58 Echinoderms in Literature. 59 Theses and Dissertations ... 60 Recent Echinoderm Publications and Papers in Press. ...................... • .66 New Book Announcements Life and Death of Coral Reefs ......•....... .84 Before the Backbone . ........................ .84 Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna & Flora of Korea . • •• 84 Echinoderms: San Francisco. Proceedings of the Ninth IEC. • .85 Papers Presented at Meetings (by country or region) Africa. • .96 Asia . ....96 Austral ia .. ...96 Canada..... • .97 Caribbean •. .97 Europe. .... .97 Guam ••• .98 Israel. 99 Japan .. • •.••. 99 Mexico. .99 Philippines .• . .•.•.• 99 South America .. .99 united States .•. .100 Papers Presented at Meetings (by conference) Fourth Temperate Reef Symposium................................•...... -
Glossary of Terms for Echinoderms
Southeastern Regional Taxonomic Center South Carolina Department of Natural Resources http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/ GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR ECHINODERMS (taken from the SERTC Echinoderm Taxonomy Workshop manual) ABACTINAL. The area of the body opposite the mouth. ABORAL. In a direction away from the mouth; the part of the body opposite the mouth. ACCESSORY DORSAL ARM PLATE. In some ophiuroids, one or several small, symmetrically arranged plates that are inserted between the dorsal arm plate and the lateral arm plate. ACTINAL. The surface of the body that contains the mouth. ADAMBULACRAL. Towards, or immediately adjacent to, an ambulacrum. ADAPICAL. In echinoids, towards the highest part of the test. ADORAL SHIELDS. In ophiuroids, a pair of plates, one of which is found at each side of the oral shield. ADPRESSED. Squeezed against. The adpressed arm spines of ophiuroids are flattened against the sides of the arm. AMBULACRAL GROOVE. In asteroids, the groove on the oral (ventral) surface of the arm, in which the tube feet are carried. Its sides are formed by the adambulacral plates, and it is roofed by the ambulacral plates. In crinoids, a furrow on the oral (dorsal) surface of the pinnules, arms, and central body, which is lined with cilia and bordered by the tube feet. AMBULACRUM. A zone of the body that carries tube feet (pl. ambulacra). Echinoderms generally have 5 ambulacra. The midline of an ambulacrum is a radius. ANAL CONE (or TUBE). In crinoids and echinoids, a fleshy projection bearing the anus at its apex. ANCHOR. See OSSICLE TYPES. ANCHOR PLATE. See OSSICLE TYPES. -
Echinodermata
Echinodermata Gr : spine skin 6500 spp all marine except for few estuarine, none freshwater 1) pentamerous radial symmetry (adults) *larvae bilateral symmetrical 2) spines 3) endoskeleton mesodermally-derived ossicles calcareous plates up to 95% CaCO3, up to 15% MgCO3, salts, trace metals, small amount of organic materials 4) water vascular system (WVS) 5) tube feet (podia) Unicellular (acellular) Multicellular (metazoa) protozoan protists Poorly defined Diploblastic tissue layers Triploblastic Cnidaria Porifera Ctenophora Placozoa Uncertain Acoelomate Coelomate Pseudocoelomate Priapulida Rotifera Chaetognatha Platyhelminthes Nematoda Gastrotricha Rhynchocoela (Nemertea) Kinorhyncha Entoprocta Mesozoa Acanthocephala Loricifera Gnathostomulida Nematomorpha Protostomes Uncertain (misfits) Deuterostomes Annelida Mollusca Echinodermata Brachiopoda Hemichordata Arthropoda Phoronida Onychophora Bryozoa Chordata Pentastomida Pogonophora Sipuncula Echiura 1 Chapter 14: Echinodermata Classes: 1) Asteroidea (Gr: characterized by star-like) 1600 spp 2) Ophiuroidea (Gr: snake-tail-like) 2100 spp 3) Echinoidea (Gr: hedgehog-form) 1000 spp 4) Holothuroidea (Gr: sea cucumber-like) 1200 spp 5) Crinoidea (Gr: lily-like) stalked – 100 spp nonstalked, motile comatulid (feather stars)- 600 spp Asteroidea sea stars/starfish arms not sharply marked off from central star shaped disc spines fixed pedicellariae ambulacral groove open tube feet with suckers on oral side anus/madreporite aboral 2 Figure 22.01 Pincushion star, Culcita navaeguineae, preys on coral -
Echinodermata of Lakshadweep, Arabian Sea with the Description of a New Genus and a Species
Rec. zool. Surv. India: Vol 119(4)/ 348-372, 2019 ISSN (Online) : 2581-8686 DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v119/i4/2019/144963 ISSN (Print) : 0375-1511 Echinodermata of Lakshadweep, Arabian Sea with the description of a new genus and a species D. R. K. Sastry1*, N. Marimuthu2* and Rajkumar Rajan3 1Erstwhile Scientist, Zoological Survey of India (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change), FPS Building, Indian Museum Complex, Kolkata – 700016 and S-2 Saitejaswini Enclave, 22-1-7 Veerabhadrapuram, Rajahmundry – 533105, India; [email protected] 2Zoological Survey of India (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change), FPS Building, Indian Museum Complex, Kolkata – 700016, India; [email protected] 3Marine Biology Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change), 130, Santhome High Road, Chennai – 600028, India Zoobank: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85CF1D23-335E-4B3FB27B-2911BCEBE07E http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B87403E6-D6B8-4ED7-B90A-164911587AB7 Abstract During the recent dives around reef slopes of some islands in the Lakshadweep, a total of 52 species of echinoderms, including four unidentified holothurians, were encountered. These included 12 species each of Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea and eightspecies each of Echinoidea and Holothuroidea. Of these 11 species of Crinoidea [Capillaster multiradiatus (Linnaeus), Comaster multifidus (Müller), Phanogenia distincta (Carpenter), Phanogenia gracilis (Hartlaub), Phanogenia multibrachiata (Carpenter), Himerometra robustipinna (Carpenter), Lamprometra palmata (Müller), Stephanometra indica (Smith), Stephanometra tenuipinna (Hartlaub), Cenometra bella (Hartlaub) and Tropiometra carinata (Lamarck)], four species of Asteroidea [Fromia pacifica H.L. Clark, F. nodosa A.M. Clark, Choriaster granulatus Lütken and Echinaster luzonicus (Gray)] and four species of Ophiuroidea [Gymnolophus obscura (Ljungman), Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) marginata Koehler, Ophiomastix elegans Peters and Indophioderma ganapatii gen et. -
Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands
Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands LOISETTE M . MARSH Western Australian Museum, Perth, Western Australia 6000 Abstract.-A collection of nearly 600 specimens of Asteroidea from Palau , representing 24 species in J 8 genera and 8 families is reported herein . A new species, Asterina coral/icola, is described and the following 9 species are recorded from Palau for the first time : Celerina heffernani, Fromia mil/eporel/a , Comophia egyptia ca (?), Neoferdina offreti , Ophidiaster robillardi , Asterina anomala, Mithrodia c/avigera, Echinaster callosus, and an undetermined species of Nardoa . Introduction The asteroids of Palau were previously studied by Hayashi (1938b) who re ported on sixteen species collected in the vicinity of Koror Island . The present collection does not cover a much greater geographical area but includes species from deeper water, obtained by snorkel and scuba diving. Two species, Nardoa tumu/osa and Asteropsis carinifera , recorded by Hayashi , are not represented in the present collection. Also absent are members of the families Luidiidae and Astropectinidae , possibly due to the limited sampling of soft substrates; nearly all the species are more or less associated with coral reefs. A new species, Asterina corallico/a is described and the following nine species are recorded from Palau for the first time: Ce/erina h ejfernani, Fromia mil/e porel/a, Gomophia egyptiaca (?), Neoferdina offreti , Ophidiaster robillardi , Asterina anomala, Mithrodia clal'igera, Echinaster callosus, and an undetermined species of Nardoa , bringing the number of asteroids recorded from Palau to twenty-six species. The greater part of this collection (566 specimens of 21 species) was made by Dr. -
Global Diversity of Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)
Review Global Diversity of Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Sabine Sto¨ hr1*, Timothy D. O’Hara2, Ben Thuy3 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3 Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Go¨ttingen, Go¨ttingen, Germany fossils has remained relatively low and constant since that date. Abstract: This review presents a comprehensive over- The use of isolated skeletal elements (see glossary below) as the view of the current status regarding the global diversity of taxonomic basis for ophiuroid palaeontology was systematically the echinoderm class Ophiuroidea, focussing on taxono- introduced in the early 1960s [5] and initiated a major increase in my and distribution patterns, with brief introduction to discoveries as it allowed for complete assemblages instead of their anatomy, biology, phylogeny, and palaeontological occasional findings to be assessed. history. A glossary of terms is provided. Species names This review provides an overview of global ophiuroid diversity and taxonomic decisions have been extracted from the literature and compiled in The World Ophiuroidea and distribution, including evolutionary and taxonomic history. It Database, part of the World Register of Marine Species was prompted by the near completion of the World Register of (WoRMS). Ophiuroidea, with 2064 known species, are the Marine Species (http://www.marinespecies.org) [6], of which the largest class of Echinodermata. A table presents 16 World Ophiuroidea Database (http://www.marinespecies.org/ families with numbers of genera and species. The largest ophiuroidea/index.php) is a part. A brief overview of ophiuroid are Amphiuridae (467), Ophiuridae (344 species) and anatomy and biology will be followed by a systematic and Ophiacanthidae (319 species). -
Echinodermata
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS ECHINODERMATA ARTICLE 6 Pages 1-16, Plates 1-4, Text-figures 1-8 A LIVING SOMASTEROID, PLATASTERIAS LATIRADIATA GRAY By H. BARRACLOUGH FELL UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS JULY 9, 1962 THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS Echinodermata, Article 6, pages 1-16, Plates 1-4, Text-figures 1-8 A LIVING SOMASTEROID, PLAT ASTERIAS LATIRADIATA GRAY By H. BARRACLOUGH FELL Department of Zoology, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand CONTENTS PAGE PAGE ABSTRACT 4 PINNATE FASCIOLAR GROOVES 13 INTRODUCTION 4 NUTRITION 14 MATERIAL EXAMINED 5 ABORAL SKELETON 14 BODY SHAPE 5 SYSTEMATIC POSITION 15 ARM STRUCTURE 6 REFERENCES METAPINNULES 11 15 BUCCAL SKELETON 12 ADDENDUM 16 ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE FACING PAGE FIGURE 1. Platasterias latiradiata GRAY. Aboral aspect of ventral skeleton after exposure. Specimen from disc and one arm. Specimen from Corinto, Corinto, Nicaragua 12 4 Nicaragua 4. Platasterias latiradiata GRAY. Oblique ventral 2. Platasterias latiradiata GRAY. Adorai aspect of aspect of part of a regenerating arm, partially disc and one arm of specimen illustrated in dissected to expose the skeleton. Holotype, from Plate 1 5 Tehuantepec, Southern Mexico, now in British 3. Platasterias latiradiata GRAY. External aspect of Museum of Natural History, London 13 FIGURE PAGE FIG URE 1. Chinianaster levyi THORAL (Chinianasteridae) 5 6. Platasterias latiradiata: dissection of buccal skeleton and arm-base 10 2. Villebrunaster thorali SPENCER (Chinianasteri- dae) 6 7. Platasterias latiradiata: A, furrow aspect of fur- row-wall; B, block-diagram of virgalia and fas- SPENCER (Archegon- 3. Archegonaster pentagona ciolar channels; C, transverse section of arm, 7 asteridae) near tip, in regenerating region (holotype) 11 4. -
An Overview of Late Cretaceous and Early Palaeogene Echinoderm Faunas from Liege-Limburg (Belgium, the Netherlands)
BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE SCIENCES DE LA TERRE, 69-SUPP. A: 103-118, 1999 BULLETIN VAN HIT KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN AARDWETENSCHAPPEN. 69-SUPP. A: 103-1 IX. 19» An overview of Late Cretaceous and Early Palaeogene echinoderm faunas from Liege-Limburg (Belgium, The Netherlands) by John W. M. JAGT Abstract My3eHHHM KOJUieKIJKHM, H B OC06eHHOCTH C034aHHbIM RO 1975 roaa, He XBaraeT, B nacTHOCTH, noapoôHoft HHthopMauHH o With the exception of echinoids, echinoderm faunas from the type area CTpaTHrpatnHHecKOM npoHcxo»c;reHHH. HoBaa KOJLieKima He of the Maastrichtian Stage still are more or less terra incognita. TOJibKO SHaHHTeiiBHO \TJiy6jiHeT Hanm 3H3HH5I O tbavHax Material collected recently in the area by a group of professional and HraoK05KHX LIo3ÄHero Mena (KaMnaHCKo-MacipHXTCKHH apycbi) amateur palaeontologists comprises numerous new records, which H Parmero riarteoreHa (TJaTCKMH apyc) B aaHHOH oônactn, HO H have the added advantaue of being well documented stratigraphically. Museum collections, and those pre-dating 1975 in particular, generally no3BOjmeT nojp3ecTH HTOTH no cTpyKTvpe pa3Hoo6pa3H« H suffer from a lack of detail where slratigraphic provenance is con• BbiMHpaHH», npejiiiiecTBOBaBuieH rpamme K/T H BKpecT rparame cerned. Not only do these new collections considerably increase our K/T. Kpancoe o6o3peiöie dpavH HTJIOKOJKHX npe^cTaBaeHO B knowledge of Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) and Early aaHHOM OMepKe, ocoôoe BHHMaHHe yaeaeHO MopcKHM e*aM H Palaeogene (Danian) echinoderm faunas in the area, they also allow acTepoH/raM. conclusions on diversification and extinction patterns prior to and across the KT boundary to be drawn. In the present paper a brief overview is given of these echinoderm faunas, with emphasis on KjiioReBbie cioBa: rio3aHHH Mea, PaHrodi IlajieoreH, echinoids and asteroids.