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The World at the Time of Messel: Conference Volume
T. Lehmann & S.F.K. Schaal (eds) The World at the Time of Messel - Conference Volume Time at the The World The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 2011 Frankfurt am Main, 15th - 19th November 2011 ISBN 978-3-929907-86-5 Conference Volume SENCKENBERG Gesellschaft für Naturforschung THOMAS LEHMANN & STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL (eds) The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference Frankfurt am Main, 15th – 19th November 2011 Conference Volume Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung IMPRINT The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Conference Volume Publisher PROF. DR. DR. H.C. VOLKER MOSBRUGGER Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Editors DR. THOMAS LEHMANN & DR. STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected]; [email protected] Language editors JOSEPH E.B. HOGAN & DR. KRISTER T. SMITH Layout JULIANE EBERHARDT & ANIKA VOGEL Cover Illustration EVELINE JUNQUEIRA Print Rhein-Main-Geschäftsdrucke, Hofheim-Wallau, Germany Citation LEHMANN, T. & SCHAAL, S.F.K. (eds) (2011). The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates. 22nd International Senckenberg Conference. 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main. Conference Volume. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main. pp. 203. -
From the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming Robert M
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of 2002 New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming Robert M. Hunt Jr. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Hunt, Robert M. Jr., "New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming" (2002). Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 546. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub/546 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3385, 41 pp., 28 ®gures, 4 tables December 27, 2002 New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming ROBERT M. HUNT, JR.1 CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ............................................................... -
Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Iktman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin* Wyoming
Distribution and Stratigraphip Correlation of Upper:UB_ • Ju Paleocene and Lower Eocene Fossil Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Iktman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin* Wyoming U,S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESS IONAL PAPER 1540 Cover. A member of the American Museum of Natural History 1896 expedition enter ing the badlands of the Willwood Formation on Dorsey Creek, Wyoming, near what is now U.S. Geological Survey fossil vertebrate locality D1691 (Wardel Reservoir quadran gle). View to the southwest. Photograph by Walter Granger, courtesy of the Department of Library Services, American Museum of Natural History, New York, negative no. 35957. DISTRIBUTION AND STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION OF UPPER PALEOCENE AND LOWER EOCENE FOSSIL MAMMAL AND PLANT LOCALITIES OF THE FORT UNION, WILLWOOD, AND TATMAN FORMATIONS, SOUTHERN BIGHORN BASIN, WYOMING Upper part of the Will wood Formation on East Ridge, Middle Fork of Fifteenmile Creek, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. The Kirwin intrusive complex of the Absaroka Range is in the background. View to the west. Distribution and Stratigraphic Correlation of Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene Fossil Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Tatman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming By Thomas M. Down, Kenneth D. Rose, Elwyn L. Simons, and Scott L. Wing U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1540 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Box 25286, MS 306, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
Systematic Revision of the Genus Prochetodon (Ptilodontidae, Multituberculata) from the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene of Western North America
CONTRIBUTIONS FKOM THt \ICSEU\I OF PhLEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN VOL. 27. No. 8. p. 221-236 October 13. 1987 SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS PROCHETODON (PTILODONTIDAE, MULTITUBERCULATA) FROM THE LATE PALEOCENE AND EARLY EOCENE OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA H Y DAVID W. KRAUSE MUSEUhI OF PALEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY Charles B. Beck. Director Jennifer A. Kitchell. Editor This series of contributions from the Museum of Paleontology is a medium for publication of papers based chiefly on collections in the Museum. When the number of pages issued is sufficient to make a volume, a title page and a table of contents will be sent to libraries on the mailing list, and to individuals upon request. A list of the separate issues may also be obtained by request. Correspond- ence should be directed to the Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48 109. VOLS. II-XXVII. Parts of volumes may be obtained if available. Price lists are available upon inquiry. SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS PROCHETODOA' (PTILODONTIDAE, MULTITUBERCULATA) FROM THE LATE PALEOCENE AND EARLY EOCENE OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA Abstract.-Prochetoclorz is one of four valid genera in the multituberculate family Ptilodontidae. Although originally described from a single late Tiffanian locality, specimens of Proclzeiodorz are now known from 33 localities ranging in age from middle Tiffanian to middle Clarkforkian distributed throughout the northern part of the Western Interior of North America. These additional specimens permit the identification of two new species, Proclzetodon fo-xi and P. taxus, and revised diagnoses for both the genus and the type species, P. -
Mammals from the Earliest Uintan (Middle Eocene) Turtle Bluff Member, Bridger Formation, Southwestern Wyoming, USA, Part 1: Primates and Rodentia
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Mammals from the earliest Uintan (middle Eocene) Turtle Bluff Member, Bridger Formation, southwestern Wyoming, USA, Part 1: Primates and Rodentia Thomas S. Kelly and Paul C. Murphey ABSTRACT The Turtle Bluff Member (TBM) is the stratotype section for the earliest Uintan bio- chron, Ui1a, of the middle Eocene Uintan North American Land Mammal age. For more than a century, the TBM had yielded only a few fragmentary specimens. As the result of many years of field work, numerous mammal fossils have now been recov- ered and provide an unprecedented opportunity to better define this poorly known interval. This is the first in a series of papers that provide detailed descriptions and tax- onomic revisions of the fauna of the TBM. Here we document the occurrence of the fol- lowing taxa in the TBM: Uintasorex parvulus; Microsyops annectans; Notharctus robustior; Omomys carteri; Trogolemur myodes; Washakius insignis; Thisbemys corru- gatus; Microparamys minutus; Microparamys sp.; Sciuravus nitidus; Tillomys senex; Tillomys? parvidens; Taxymys lucaris; Pauromys sp., cf. P. perdit us ; three informal sci- uravid species (sp. A, B and C); cf. Pareumys sp.; Metanoiamys sp.; and Elymys? emryi new species. Except for the previously described Hemiacodon engardae, all of the primates from the TBM are holdover taxa from the earlier Bridgerian Land Mammal age, whereas the rodents exhibit a modest diversification during the earliest Uintan. Elymys? emryi and four additional informal rodent species (Microparamys sp., sci- uravid sp. A, cf. Pareumys sp., and Metanoiamys sp.) make their appearances in the TBM and, as such, can be added to the list of index species characterizing biochron Ui1a. -
Convergent Evolution of Olfactory and Thermoregulatory Capacities in Small Amphibious Mammals
Convergent evolution of olfactory and thermoregulatory capacities in small amphibious mammals Quentin Martineza,1, Julien Clavelb,c, Jacob A. Esselstynd,e, Anang S. Achmadif, Camille Grohég,h, Nelly Piroti,j, and Pierre-Henri Fabrea,k aInstitut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France; bDepartment of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom; cUniv. Lyon Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’État (ENTPE), F‐69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France; dMuseum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; eDepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; fMuseum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), 16911 Cibinong, Indonesia; gDivision of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024; hLaboratoire Paléontologie Évolution Paléoécosystèmes Paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM, UMR 7262, CNRS-Institut écologie et environnement [INEE]), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France; iInstitut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U1194 UM, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France; jRéseau d’Histologie Expérimentale de Montpellier, UMS3426 CNRS-US009 INSERM-UM, 34298 Montpellier, France; and kMammal Section, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom Edited by David B. Wake, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved February 28, 2020 (received for review October 11, 2019) Olfaction and thermoregulation are key functions for mammals. The partitioning has been documented in histological, airflow dynamic, former is critical to feeding, mating, and predator avoidance behaviors, and performance test studies (9–13). -
8. Primate Evolution
8. Primate Evolution Jonathan M. G. Perry, Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Stephanie L. Canington, B.A., The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Learning Objectives • Understand the major trends in primate evolution from the origin of primates to the origin of our own species • Learn about primate adaptations and how they characterize major primate groups • Discuss the kinds of evidence that anthropologists use to find out how extinct primates are related to each other and to living primates • Recognize how the changing geography and climate of Earth have influenced where and when primates have thrived or gone extinct The first fifty million years of primate evolution was a series of adaptive radiations leading to the diversification of the earliest lemurs, monkeys, and apes. The primate story begins in the canopy and understory of conifer-dominated forests, with our small, furtive ancestors subsisting at night, beneath the notice of day-active dinosaurs. From the archaic plesiadapiforms (archaic primates) to the earliest groups of true primates (euprimates), the origin of our own order is characterized by the struggle for new food sources and microhabitats in the arboreal setting. Climate change forced major extinctions as the northern continents became increasingly dry, cold, and seasonal and as tropical rainforests gave way to deciduous forests, woodlands, and eventually grasslands. Lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers—once diverse groups containing many species—became rare, except for lemurs in Madagascar where there were no anthropoid competitors and perhaps few predators. Meanwhile, anthropoids (monkeys and apes) emerged in the Old World, then dispersed across parts of the northern hemisphere, Africa, and ultimately South America. -
Paleo-The Story of Life
PALEO: THE STORY OF LIFE Life on Earth has not always existed as it currently does. The fact that life began on Earth in the first place is miraculous due to the environmental factors needed for its beginnings and sustainability. The relentless pursuit of life over billions of years from small living molecules to complex creatures roaming, flying and swimming throughout the Earth has culminated into the current state of life’s existence as we know it on the planet we call home. Paleo: The Story of Life is a 3,000-square-foot exhibit, spanning 4.6 billion years in scope. The exhibit presents casts of 128 rare fossils, including Lucy, Archaeopteryx and T rex, among many others. Drawn from the world’s foremost fossil collections, the Paleo exhibit showcases casts of rare fossils from the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia – skeletons, skulls, claws and eggs gathered from prestigious museums, including the Smithsonian Institution, American Museum of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum and Carnegie Museum, among others. Rarely available for viewing outside of their respective museums, these compelling artifacts are presented exclusively in Paleo: The Story of Life. Fossils range from the earliest invertebrate marine life through the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous dinosaurs to mammals and prehistoric humans. Paleo: The Story of Life explores the comprehensive story of prehistoric life on Earth. The Paleo exhibit is a visiting exhibit and will be on display through Thursday, May 31, 2018. It is located in the Horowitz Traveling Exhibit Area. The MOST presents Paleo: The Story of Life in association with the International Museum Institute, Inc. -
(Aves: Palaeognathae) from the Paleocene (Tiffanian) of Southern California
PaleoBios 31(1):1–7, May 13, 2014 A lithornithid (Aves: Palaeognathae) from the Paleocene (Tiffanian) of southern California THOMAS A. STIDHAM,1* DON LOFGREN,2 ANDREW A. FARKE,2 MICHAEL PAIK,3 and RACHEL CHOI3 1Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China; e-mail: [email protected], corresponding author. 2Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology, Claremont, California 91711, USA. 3 The Webb Schools, Claremont, California 91711, USA The proximal end of a bird humerus recovered from the Paleocene Goler Formation of southern California is the oldest Cenozoic record of this clade from the west coast of North America. The fossil is characterized by a relatively large, dorsally-positioned head of the humerus and a subcircular opening to the pneumotricipital fossa, consistent with the Lithornithidae among known North American Paleocene birds, and is similar in size to Lithornis celetius. This specimen from the Tiffanian NALMA extends the known geographic range of lithornithids outside of the Rocky Mountains region in the United States. The inferred coastal depositional environment of the Goler Formation is consistent with a broad ecological niche of lithornithids. The age and geographic distribution of lithornithids in North America and Europe suggests these birds dispersed from North America to Europe in the Paleocene or by the early Eocene. During the Paleogene the intercontinental dispersal of lithornithids likely occurred alongside other known bird and mammalian movements that were facilitated by climatic and sea level changes. Keywords: bird humerus, fossil, Lithornithidae, Goler Formation, Tiffanian, California INTRODUCTION largely unknown in North America. -
Tarsioid Primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People's Republic
ACT A PAL A EON T 0 LOG ICA POLONICA Vol. 22 1977 No.2 DEMBERELYIN DASHZEVEG & MALCOLM C. McKENNA TARSIOID PRIMATE FROM THE EARLY TERTIARY OF THE MONGOLIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Abstract. - A tiny tarsioid primate occurs in early Eocene sediments of the Naran Bulak Formation, southern Gobi Desert, Mongolian People's Republic. The new primate, Altanius orlovi, new genus and species, is an anaptomorphine omomyid and t,herefore belongs to a primarily American group of primates. Altanius is appar ently not a direct ancestor of the Asian genus Tarsius. American rather than Euro pean zoogeographic affinities are indicated, and this in turn supports the view that for a time in the earliest Eocene the climate of the Bering Route was sufficiently warm to support a primate smaller than Microcebus. INTRODUCTION The discovery of a new genus and species of tiny fossil primate, Altanius orlovi, from the upper part of the early Tertiary Naran Bulak Formation of the southwestern Mongolian People's Republic extends the known geologic range of the order Primates in Asia back to the very be ginning of the Eocene and establishes that anaptomorphine tarsioid pri mates were living in that part of the world a little more than fifty million years ago. Previously, the oldest known Asian animals referred by various authors to the Primates were Pondaungia Pilgrim, 1927, Hoanghonius Zdansky, 1930, Amphipithecus Colbert, 1937, Lushius Chow, 1961, and Lantianius Chow, 1964, described on the basis of a handfull of specimens from late Eocene deposits in China and Burma about ten million years or more younger than the youngest part of the Naran Bulak Formation. -
Cranial Remains of an Eocene Tarsier
Cranial remains of an Eocene tarsier James B. Rossie*†, Xijun Ni‡, and K. Christopher Beard§ *Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794; ‡Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 643, Beijing 100044, China; §Section of Vertebrate Paleontology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Edited by Alan Walker, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, and approved January 30, 2006 (received for review October 28, 2005) The phylogenetic position of tarsiers relative to anthropoids and Paleogene omomyids remains a subject of lively debate that lies at the center of research into anthropoid origins. Omomyids have long been regarded as the nearest relatives of tarsiers, but a sister group relationship between anthropoids and tarsiers has also been proposed. These conflicting phylogenetic reconstructions rely heavily on comparisons of cranial anatomy, but until now, the fossil record of tarsiers has been limited to a single jaw and several isolated teeth. In this article, we describe cranial material of a fossil tarsiid from the middle-Eocene Shanghuang fissure-fillings in southern Jiangsu Province, China. This facial fragment, which is allocated to Tarsius eocaenus, is virtually identical to the corre- sponding anatomy in living tarsiers and differs substantially from that of early anthropoids such as Bahinia, Phenacopithecus, and Parapithecus. This new specimen indicates that tarsiers already possessed greatly enlarged orbits and a haplorhine oronasal con- figuration by the time they are first documented in the fossil record during the middle Eocene. China ͉ primate ͉ tarsiid ack of consensus regarding the interrelationships among Lanthropoids, tarsiids, and omomyids is largely due to con- tradictory similarities among the three groups in cranial anat- omy. -
An Anachronistic Clarkforkian Mammal Fauna from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation (Great Divide Basin, Wyoming, USA)
Geologica Acta, Vol.7, Nos 1-2, March-June 2009, 113-124 DOI: 10.1344/105.000000274 Available online at www.geologica-acta.com An anachronistic Clarkforkian mammal fauna from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation (Great Divide Basin, Wyoming, USA) 1 2 ROBERT L. ANEMONE and WENDY DIRKS 1 Department of Anthropology. Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5306, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Oral Biology, School of Dental Sciences. Newcastle University Framlington Place. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4BW, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Clarkforkian (latest Paleocene) North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA) remains a relatively poorly sampled biostratigraphic interval at the close of the Paleocene epoch that is best known from the Bighorn Basin of northwestern Wyoming. A period of global warming between the cooler early and middle Paleocene and the extreme warming of the early Eocene, the Clarkforkian witnessed significant floral and faunal turnover with important ramifications for the development of Cenozoic biotas. The combination of warming global climates with mammalian turnover (including likely intercontinental dispersals) marks the Clarkforkian and the succeeding Wasatchian (Earliest Eocene) NALMAs as periods of intense interest to paleobiologists and other earth scientists concerned with aspects of biostratigraphy and with the biotic effects of climate change in the past. In this paper we describe a new Clarkforkian mammalian fauna from the Great Divide Basin of southwestern Wyoming with some surprising faunal elements that differ from the typical suite of taxic associations found in Clarkforkian assemblages of the Bighorn Basin. Several different scenarios are explored to explain this “anachronistic” assem- blage of mammals from southern Wyoming in relation to the typical patterns found in northern Wyoming, includ- ing the concepts of basin-margin faunas, latitudinal and climatic gradients, and a chronologically transitional fau- na.