U.S. Department of State Bureau Ministry of Social Policy Ministry of Veterans Affairs, of Population, Refugees, and Migration of Ukraine Temporarily Occupied Territories and Internally Displaced Persons of Ukraine NATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM REPORT ON THE SITUATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS June 2019 Cover and internal cover page photos: Photographic retouchers Alisa and Yevhen fled from Donetsk to Kharkiv in 2014. Here, in Kharkiv, their son Matvii was born. Alisa participated in IOM’s economic empowerment programme for IDPs and received а computer, а monitor and а graphical tablet. Recently the couple bought a professional camera, so now they provide not just retouching, but photo-shooting and graphic design services as well. © Volodymyr Shuvayev/IОМ This publication was produced with funding from the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM). The views and opinions contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the position of the PRM, and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps used in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, and implemented by the U.S. Department of State Bureau International Organization for Migration (IOM) of Population, Refugees, and Migration CONTENT INTRODUCTION . 4 OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY OF ROUND 14 . 5 OVERALL SUMMARY . 6 1 . CHARACTERISTICS OF IDPs AND THEIR HOUSEHOLDS . 8 • IDP household members . 8 • Gender and age structure . 9 • IDPs with disabilities . 9 • Education . 9 2 . EMPLOYMENT OF IDPs . 10 • Employment rates . 10 • Unemployment rates . 12 3 . WELL-BEING OF IDPs . 15 • Livelihood opportunities . 15 • Living conditions and types of accommodation . 23 • Suspension of social payments . 27 • Safety of the environment and infrastructure . 30 • Human trafficking and labour exploitation . 31 4 . ACCESS TO SOCIAL SERVICES . 32 5 . IDP MOBILITY . 35 • Displacement . 35 • Intentions to return . 36 • Intentions to move abroad . 38 • Visits to domicile before the displacement . 38 6 . INTEGRATION INTO LOCAL COMMUNITIES . 43 • Integration rates . 43 • Discrimination . 48 7 . ELECTORAL RIGHTS . 50 8 . RETURNEES TO THE NON-GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED AREAS . 53 9 . ANNEXES . 65 June 2019 3 The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, U.S. Department and Migration, and implemented by the of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, International Organization for Migration (IOM) and Migration INTRODUCTION According to the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, line. The main share of IDPs is located in Donetsk at the period of survey conduction there were Oblast (487,952), Luhansk Oblast (271,367), Kyiv city 1,385,062 internally displaced persons (IDPs) who (148,740) and Kyiv Oblast (57,123), Kharkiv Oblast left their homes and moved to other areas and re- (129,168), Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (68,911) and gions of Ukraine looking for safety. Among those IDPs, Zaporizhia Oblast (54,714). 60 per cent have moved from their previous place In 2016, IOM began conducting regular complex of residence located in Donetsk Oblast, 37 per cent survey of the situation with IDPs in Ukraine, the Na- have been displaced from Luhansk Oblast, and tional Monitoring System (NMS). The goal of the re- 3 per cent have left their homes in the Auton omous search is monitoring of different aspects of IDPs life: Republic of Crimea. Half of the registered IDPs per- material well-being, employment, social problems, manently reside in the GCA in Donetsk and Luhansk needs, mobility and integration of the IDPs into oblasts, beyond the 20 km area along the contact the local communities. KYIV CITY 148,740 VOLYN CHERNIHIV 3,097 SUMY RIVNE 7,220 2,984 11,081 ZHYTOMYR 7,058 LVIV KYIV 10,469 KHARKIV KHMELNYTSKYI POLTAVA 57,123 129,168 TERNOPIL 5,939 22,479 CHERKASY LUHANSK 2,095 10,884 271,367 VINNYTSIA IVANO- FRANKIVSK 11,035 DNIPRO ZAKARPATTIA 3,658 3,314 KROPYVNYTSKYI 68,911 6,518 DONETSK CHERNIVTSI 2,464 487,952 ZAPORIZHIA MYKOLAIV 54,714 ODESA 8,106 TOTAL 35,304 KHERSON NUMBER 13,382 OF IDPs IN UKRAINE 1,385,062 ACCORDING TO THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL POLICY 4 NATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM REPORT ON THE SITUATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, and implemented by the U.S. Department of State Bureau International Organization for Migration (IOM) of Population, Refugees, and Migration OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY OF ROUND 14 The objective of the National Monitoring System (NMS) maintained by the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine in Ukraine, drawing from IOM’s Displacement Track- were interviewed using this method by IOM between ing Matrix (DTM) approach, is to support the Govern- April–June 2019. Out of the total, 3,222 interviews ment of Ukraine in collecting and analyzing informa- were with IDPs residing in the government-controlled tion on the socioeconomic characteristics of internally area (GCA), and 851 interviews were with returnees displaced persons (IDPs) and IDP households, as well to the non-government controlled area (NGCA)1 . as the challenges they face. IOM adapted the DTM, a system designed to regularly capture, process and Data from telephone interviews were combined disseminate information on displacement situations, with data from face-to-face interviews. The combin- to the Ukrainian context. The NMS provides a better ing of these two data sets was done using a statis- understanding of the evolving movements and loca- tical weighting tool. Both data sets were weighted tions, numbers, vulnerabilities and needs of displaced according to the regional distribution of registered populations in Ukraine. IDPs. Data from telephone interviews were also weighted according to the sociodemographic char- The survey collected information on socioeconomic acteristics of IDPs interviewed face-to-face. characteristics of IDPs at individual and household levels, including trends and movement intentions, Face-to-face interviews with people crossing employment, livelihood opportunities, access to the contact line social services and assistance needs in 24 oblasts of 1,255 people crossing the contact line were inter- Ukraine and the city of Kyiv. viewed using this method during May 2019 . The sur- Main information sources used for the NMS: vey was conducted at the five entry-exit checkpoints (EECPs) to the NGCA, which currently function in Lu- i) Data from sample surveys of IDPs via face- hansk and Donetsk oblasts. to-face interviews; ii) Data from sample surveys of IDPs via tel- Data from the survey of people crossing the contact ephone interviews; line were used to complement ongoing data col- iii) Data from sample surveys of the people lection for the sections on “IDP mobility” and “Re- crossing the contact line via face-to-face turnees to the non-government controlled areas”. interviews; iv) Data from focus group discussions; Focus group discussions v) Administrative data and relevant data avail- Five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted able from other sources. during the period of May–June 2019, specifically two FGDs with key informants, two FGDs with IDPs and Face-to-face interviews with IDPs one FGD with returnees to the NGCA . The FGDs with A total of 2,401 IDPs were interviewed using this IDPs took place in Ternopil and Izium, with key in- method in 300 territorial units across the country formants in Sumy and Zhytomyr, and with returnees during the period of April–June 2019. The sampling in Starobilsk. The FGDs covered people living in both of territorial units was devised for all government- urban and rural areas . controlled areas of Ukraine and distributed in pro- portion to the number of registered IDPs. Please see Annex 1 for more details on methodology. Telephone interviews with IDPs 1 The sampling was derived from the IDP registration A total of 4,073 individuals registered in the Unified database maintained by the Ministry of Social Policy of Information Database of Internally Displaced Persons Ukraine June 2019 5 The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, U.S. Department and Migration, and implemented by the of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, International Organization for Migration (IOM) and Migration OVERALL SUMMARY 1. Characteristics of IDPs and their households. Average size Age distribution Gender distribution Households Households with of household of household members of household members with children persons with disabilities 60 and over – 19% Female – 58% 2 .40 persons 18–59 years – 57% 36% of IDP households 11% of IDP households Male – 42% Under 18 years – 24% 2. Employment of IDPs. The employment rate of IDPs slightly decreased compared to the previous round. As of April–June 2019, the share of employed IDPs amounted to 46 per cent. Among the total popula- tion of Ukraine, the level of employment remained stable and as of the first quarter of 2019 amounted to 57 per cent of the population aged 15–70 years2 . Employment of IDPs after the displacement, by rounds, % 46 49 50 48 48 46 41 42 43 44 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Round 12 Round 13 Round 14 (March (June (September (December (March (June (September (December (March (June 2017) 2017) 2017) 2017) 2018) 2018) 2018) 2018) 2019) 2019) Seven (7%) per cent of IDPs reported that they had The economically inactive population amounted to been actively seeking employment and were ready 47 per cent among surveyed IDPs, with the largest to start working within a two-week period. The vast portion being retired persons or pensioners (24%) majority (91%) of them noted that they had faced dif- and persons who were doing housework, looking af- ficulties when looking for a job.