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Vol. 118, No. 6 June 1985 ARTICLE TRAVEL, AMERICA! 11 Share in the beauty of our rich national heritage.

EIGHT GREAT TOURIST SITES 12 Here's a selection ofgreat travel spots from coast to coast. By Gary Turbak

SPLENDOR IN OUR NATIONAL PARKS 14

America's natural beauty can be enjoyed by all. By Gary Turbak

VISITING OUR NATION'S CAPITAL 16

This is America in all of its diversity, splendor and uniqueness. By Inger Krogh

TAKING THE TEARS OUT OF TRAVEL 18 Heed these travel tips for a trip worth remembering. By Gary Turbak

BIRTH OF OUR 50-STAR FLAG 19 Ninety-thousand Americans had a good idea, but only one was a winner. By June Huffman

CONFRONTATION UNDERSEAS 20

A global wargame is being waged . . . beneath the surface of the sea. By Edward L. Beach

IS CASTRO FOR REAL? 22

Are Castro's overtures friendly . . . or merely desperate? By Philip C. Clarke

HAIL THE HERO! 24 Where have all the real heroes gone? By Joseph C. Keeley

BOYS STATE: 50 YEARS OF BUILDING LEADERS 28 A million young Americans have been groomed in good citizenship.

NEW HOPE FOR DIABETICS 54 Insulin shots are fast becoming a thing of the past. By Edward Edelson DEPARTMENTS BIG ISSUES 11 Should Congress Launch a Civilian Conservation Corps?

LETTERS 3 LEGION NEWS 32 VETERANS ALERT 38

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 5 POST OF THE MONTH 34 NEWS TO USE 41

DATELINE WASHINGTON 7 LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION 35 ORBEN'S WORLD 46

VETERANS UPDATE 26 PROFILES IN SERVICE 36 PARTING SHOTS 56

THE COVER

Merced River in Yosemite National Park, Calif. National Park Service Photo by Fred E. Mang Jr.

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.5 million members. These military-service veterans, work- ing through 16,000 community-level Posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service, and the wholesome development of our nation's youth. free airfare; hbhhbhhi THE AMERICAN 10% Off For Legionnaires! LEGION MAGAZINE

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James N. Sites One-And-Only QE2 Publisher/Editor in Chief Daniel S. Wheeler Most talked-about ship of our time, St. Thomas; return to Norfolk on Assistant Publisher/Editor QE2 now boasts the two highest rat- Nov. 22, N.Y on Nov. 23; 9 or 11 Raymond H. Mahon Managing Editor ings in Fielding's Worldwide Cruises: days, from $1,395, less discount. Michael D. LaBonne Five Stars and Five-Plus Stars. Dec. 21 Port from N.Y, Dec. 23 from Senior Editor Discover the "Golden St. Door Spa Everglades. Thomas, Guade- Margaret Bradbury at Sea,"® with gym and jogging loupe, Barbados, Grenada, Caracas Associate Editor deck, pools, saunas and Jacuzzi® (La Guaira), Bonaire; return to Port Simon Smith Art Director Whirlpool Baths. Day or night, Everglades on Jan. 2, N.Y. on Jan. 4; enjoy entertainment in the unique 10 or 14 days, from $2,395, less William L. Poff Production Manager "Magrodome Indoor/Outdoor Cen- discount. ter," with its retractable glass enclo- Jan. 4, 1986, from N.Y. St. Maarten, Advertising Representatives sure. Other innovations: a hands-on Martinique, Barbados, St. Thomas; The American Legion Magazine IBM Computer Center, a branch of 10 days, from $1,495, less discount. Bernice Holbrook P O Box 1055 London's famed Harrod's and the You fly free between your Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 317-635-8411 first seagoing American Express hometown and New York, Philadel-

Robert Redden Assoc , Inc Bank. And of course, superlative phia, Norfolk or Port Everglades P.O. Box 999, Teaneck, NJ 07666 nightclubs, an intimate disco and (maximum air allowance, $325). 201-837-5511 the glamorous Players Club casino. Don't risk disappointment. Phone The American Legion Oct. 15 from N.Y., Oct. 16 from Phil- Mr. Les Kertes-toll-free-(800) 645- Magazine Commission adelphia. St. Thomas, San Juan, St. 2120. New York residents, call collect Mi Iford A Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, Kissner, Maarten; return to Philadelphia on at (718) 895-7062. SC; James V. Vice Chairman, Palatine, IL; James R. Kelley, National Com- Oct. 25, N.Y. on Oct 26; 9 or 11 days, mander's Representative, Wayne, PA; Nor- man Biebel, Belleville, IL, Adolph F. Bremer, from $1,395, less member's discount Winona, MN; Victor Broom, Fulton, MS; of 10 percent. Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA, Hal G. Hor- ton, Topeka, KS; Frank J. Holcshuh, Nov. 12 from N.Y., Nov. 13 Youngstown, OH; Russell H Laird, Des from Norfolk (Wil- Moines, IA, Arthur M McDowell, In- dianapolis, IN, Nathaniel J. McKee, liamsburg). St. Kitts, Princeton, NJ, J Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; J H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Wayne J. Barbados, Gua- British Registry Painter. Milwaukee, Wl; Bruce E. Penny, Seattle, WA; Dr. Shafer, E. deloupe, Rates per person, dou- James D Stroudsburg, PA; George G Sinopoli, Fresno. ble occupancy, subject to CA, Ralph L Smith, Bartlesville, OK; Dewey availability. C. Spencer, Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; George J. Zanos Sr., Wellsburg, WV, Margaret M Malone, Consul- tant, Trenton, NJ; Casimir F. Sojka, Consul- UEEN 1 tant, New Rochelle, NY. LIZABETH L Copyright 1985 by The American Legion

Price: annual subscription, $12 00, single copy, $1.50. To subscribe, send $12.00 Mr. Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays, PO. Box 462, ($18 00 in foreign countries) to Circulation

277 Northern Blvd., Great Neck, NY 11022. Dept , P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

Send me the facts on special QE2 cruise opportunities for Legionnaires and Change of Address: Notify your local Post their families. Adjutant and The American Legion's Circula- tion Dept, PO Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206 Attach old address label, provide old NAME and new addresses and current membership card number. Allow 8 weeks for change of address to take effect ADDRESS, APT. NO.

To request microfilm copies, please write to: University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann CITY STATE ZIP Arbor, Ml 48106 E40152 •fo CUNARD 1985 CUNARD Member Audit Bureau of Circulations LETTERS

ing annuities and lifetime perquisites. Our military leaders will not recog- Changing Spots BUT, we are a helluva lot more proud nize the fact that "numbers win wars." Concerning the Edward Rowney of our service. We should forget air and armor and interview and "Russia's Economy: Jeff Weible, MSGT give the infantry and artillery better Achilles' Heel of the USSR" (March): USAF Retired training and more ammunition. It is well known that the clique that Payson, Ariz. Charles Davis rules Communist Russia is out to con- East Greenville, Pa. quer the free world. It would be well if Mauldin's Best we could expect it to change its ruth- less, barbaric and Godless ways, but Seeing the "Best of Bill Mauldin" Health Care then, we might as well expect a (April) caused me to wonder how you I wholly agree with the Legion leopard to change its spots. could have left out the famous jeep position in "Legion Braces for VA Charles C. Haimo running up the hill again to make the Health Care Fight" (March). Last New York, N.Y. shaving water hotter, or about to be week I went to the VA in Tucson for a administered the coup de grace for checkup, and nowhere in the private having broken down in the left front sector could I have received a more On Pensions quarter. Then I realized that picking thorough and cheerful exam. Please, no one should try to put a the whitest snowflake in a winter Jesse W. Neff Sr. guilt trip on our retired military per- storm would be as easy as picking nine Vernon, Ariz. sonnel. To put it succinctly: We were of Mauldin's best cartoons. offered a contract; we fulfilled that Duayne Thompson contract wholly and honorably; we are El Paso, Texas POW/MIA Stamps deserving of all the benefits inherent in that contract — written, expressed China: A recent issue features an Illinois and implied. No Match post drive to persuade the USPS to We who served as post-WWII Dateline Washington contained an issue a stamp remembering serv- career military retainees do not re- item that China was no match for the icemen missing or held prisoner in ceive compensation commensurate in Soviets. If Afghanistan, with 12 mil- Vietnam. It is apparently ignoring the any way, shape or form as our legis- lion people, is a match for the Soviets, 40,000+ POW/MIAs from WWII and lators have bestowed on themselves, how will they invade and control a the 400+ from Korea. Any stamp hon- as regarding retirement pay, increas- country with over a billion people? oring POW/MIAs should honor ALL POW/MIAs! Charles L. Collins About Our Readers: U Huntsville, Ala.

In the April issue, abroad — half of these visiting Canada Trade Deficits we mentioned some and one-fifth, Europe. Buy American-made products and of the more impor- • More than 2 out of 5 have taken tant "demographic" airplane trips in the past year, and almost support American workers. After all, findings about all Legion vacationers stay at hotels, the American worker pays for veter- LEGION Magazine motels and other paid accommodations at ans benefits, Social Security, Medicare readers, as revealed least once a year. and all other government programs. in the latest survey Other interesting findings: Sure, some made-in-America products by the research • Fishing and hunting are the most cost a little more — but think of what firm, Starch- popular sports, and outdoor gardening, is being paid for. INRA-Hooper. the leading leisure activity. R. D. Stayte We thought you might also like to know • Readers buy large amounts of health Englewood, Fla. about the survey's findings concerning care products, and special diet and health personal activities and product and serv- foods are widely consumed. ice preferences of a cross-section of our • Average auto ownership is 2.3 vehi- many readers. cles per household, and Legion members V...-Mail We found out, for instance, that the are renowned do-it-yourselfers in both Your article on V-Mail made me, as average Legionnaire goes in for extensive auto and home repair. an ex-V-Mail technician, feel good to travel — which is one of the reasons we We at The American LEGION Maga- produced this "Travel, America!" issue. zine use this kind of information to do a be recognized. It was a job that some- More to the point: better job in relating to your basic inter- one had to do and we were a few lucky • Three-fourths of the 2,500,000 mem- ests. In effect, our readers make up a ones who got assigned to it. Of course, bers of The American Legion will take great cross-section of mainstream we cannot brag about the battles we an of trips this America, and want to be reporting on average two vacation we were in, but at least we knew that we year — a staggering total of nearly the things that concern you most. Please were bringing the GIs on the 4,000,000 separate trips. let us know if you find we're missing out frontlines some news from home. • Most Legion travelers vacation in on something important. Wallace Frankenfield the United States; yet 1 of 5 goes — The Editors Paterson, N.J.

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U.S. Aid Is Crucial To Struggling Nations Of Central America

hen I return from visiting levels to achieve victory rather than our allies across the At- stalemate. Aid should be provided on a lantic later this month I long-term basis so that the Salvador- will have completed fact- ans can develop an effective long- finding trips to more than range strategy for political, economic a dozen nations in the Far and military improvements. East, Latin America and They have made progress and they Europe. The visits have been particu- are eager and able to do the job. larly productive and have provided They need and deserve our firm, valuable information about the effec- long-term commitment as envisioned tiveness of our national security and in the "Jackson Plan," which proposes foreign relations policies. implementation of the bipartisan rec- A major point of my visit with U.S. ommendations of the National Biparti- Ambassador to Japan Mike Mansfield san Commission on Central America. has been illustrated recently by our But the matter of U.S. -Central nation's appeal to Japan to establish American cooperation goes beyond more equitable trade relations. just these countries, as I learned in In the Republic of Korea, I was im- my recent visits to Mexico and pressed with the dedication and pro- Panama. Not only is Mexico fighting a fessionalism of U.S. armed forces, and war against the flow of drugs across in Taipei I became more aware of the Nat'l. Cdr. Clarence M. Bacon its borders into the United States, importance of maintaining firm U.S. but also it is interested in acquiring support for the people of Taiwan. pal challenge now is to make sure that another squadron of U.S. F-5 fighter Immediately after my return to the all U.S. aid is spent effectively. aircraft for its national security. This re- United States, I traveled to two cru- He also said substantial progress quest is in full accord with The Ameri- cial areas in Central America. During has been made. The legislative and can Legion's resolution on Mexico, and several days in Costa Rica I saw a vi- mayoral elections in March proved I gave the proposal full support in a brant, democratic society. And, al- that the country is moving steadily on meeting with the representatives of though conditions differ in each Cen- the road to democracy. Another ob- the U.S. State Department and De- tral American country, the Costa servation which stood out was that partment of Defense when I returned. Rican experience proves that democ- U.S. economic and security aid I believe my trip to Europe also will racy can thrive in the area. genuinely is appreciated and effec- reinforce American Legion positions Costa Rica has no military forces. It tively used by the Salvadorans. The supporting our allies there. It will add relies on the United States and other military has recognized civil control of one more element to firsthand knowl- Rio Treaty signatories to ensure that the armed forces and recent im- edge so that our organization remains Nicaragua — whom the Costa Ricans provements in training and mobility current in a climate where interna- perceive as the main threat to their have given the Salvadoran army a tional ties with our allies are so vital to national security — does not destabilize more offensive spirit. the security of the free world. its government or invade its borders. However, as long as Nicaragua It is armed with this knowledge and Consequently, I found that the provides a rear base for the Salvado- with a vigorous and growing member- United States must continue providing ran guerrillas, it will be very difficult ship that the American Legion re- political support, economic assistance for the Salvadoran government to mains an influential and well-respected and security assistance to help Costa suppress the insurgency. Therefore, it voice in regard to America's policies Rica maintain its democratic system. is imperative for Congress to approve abroad and at home. The trip to El Salvador was equally full funding for aid to the Nicaraguan In this vein, the important contri- productive. My meeting with Ambas- freedom fighters, whose operations butions made by each of you are sador Pickering told me that, although reduce Nicaragua's effectiveness as a noteworthy and appreciated. So, as Congress now apparently recognizes launching pad for revolutions. you approach this year's Flag Day ob- desired changes in El Salvador can In the final analysis, the United servance June 14, show pride in your more readily be achieved by granting States must provide economic and se- country and organization; wave your aid than by withholding it, the princi- curity assistance to El Salvador at all flag high — and often.

JUNE 1985 5 .

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operators. Some 20 jails across the country are already New Social Security Plan under private management, and more such turnovers are A movement has been initiated in Congress to re- under way. establish the Social Security Administration as an indepen- At the root of this phenomenon is the increasing need by dent agency run by a bipartisan board. local governments to cut costs in the face of rising expendi- Legislation introduced by Senators Daniel P. Moynihan tures. It is also suspected that some of the communities and Donald W. Riegle would concentrate into a single So- may be switching to private operations to avoid a vote on a cial Security agency the federal programs covering old age, bond issue for capital improvements to the facility. survivors and disability insurance; hospital and supplemen- Boosters of the concept say it is a matter of cost effec- tary medical, insurance; and supplemental security income. tiveness, with the local governments still in ultimate con- These programs cover virtually all Americans in the event trol. Critics see a violation of the Constitution and civil of old age, death, disability and sickness. rights, and question whether justice can be fairly served The measure would remove the administrative functions when the motivation is efficiency or profit. Both the Justice from the Department of Health and Human Services. Department and Congress have initiated studies to further Today, 36 million Americans draw monthly Social Secu- examine the issue. rity benefit checks, and 29 million aged and disabled Amer- icans receive federal financial aid to help defray the cost of hospital and medical treatment. Backing a Military Draft Two national commissions have recommended creation of Amid debates in Congress over appropriations for the independent agency. "In the past," Moynihan charges, firepower in the air and in space, two quiet but persistent "the present system earned a well-deserved reputation for voices in the Senate have been calling for more attention to administrative efficiency, fairness and public responsive- the strength of the nation's military manpower. ness, but recently this reputation has been tarnished. Diffi- Senators Ernest Hollings and Steven Symms have intro- culties have arisen in the SSI program; thousands of dis- duced legislation that would revive the military draft. ability beneficiaries have been wrongfully terminated and Under the measure, the President would be empowered to the computer system has deteriorated." set the draft into motion, with an early call up to fill the depleted Reserves, and with a mobilization system in read- iness for any eventuality. Hot Line Paye Off The Senators say that reinstituting the draft as an ex- It's six years since the General Accounting Office set up pression of national willpower would make a stronger im- a hot line (1-800-424-5454) for complaints about waste, pression on the Soviet Union than increased firepower. fraud and abuse in the federal government, and more than Hollings concedes that the voluntary military system is 64,000 calls have been recorded. Of these, 15,900 were sig- currently meeting its recruiting requirements, but he is nificant enough to be classified and some 11,000 were seri- concerned that the Department of Defense will be running ous enough to initiate an investigation. into stiff competition for youthful manpower as the econ- These figures were presented to the Senate by Sen. Jim omy improves. Sasser, father of the nationwide toll-free fraud hotline. He Hollings notes there already has been a drop in the de- notes that since this "cost-efficient weapon" against waste layed entry program in all services, and that with the was started, more than 20 federal agencies have created "baby boom" years running out, a smaller pool of young their own hot lines. people will be available for voluntary military service.

According to the GAO, one out of four calls appears to Hollings also is worried that the voluntary setup draws have some substance. Many substantial cases of fraud have mainly minority recruits. He says the defense of the coun- been uncovered by the hotline, and the culprits fined and try should be shared by all sectors of American life and that sent to prison. California whistle-blowers lead the parade; the draft, with tight standards for exemption, would pro- and the Social Security Administration is first among the vide this sharing. agencies targeted.

Quote of the Month Citizen-Operated fails? "... Our goal must be to prevent and deter future ter-

As if Washington didn't have enough trouble already in rorist acts, and experience has taught us over the years the nation's enforcement of the criminal laws, a new prob- that one of the best deterrents to terrorism is the certainty lem is gnawing at the consciences of both the Justice De- that swift and sure measures will be taken against those partment and Congress. who engage in it." The nation's capital has suddenly become aware of the George P. Shultz trend to turn over local correctional facilities to private Secretary of State

JUNE 1985 7 . Aran Summer Vacation for You America's Most Successful Veterans Housing Project is offering summer Buyers a fully paid Florida vacation during July, August and September.

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Should We Launch a Civilian Conservation Corps?

Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, D-N.Y. Rep. Ron Marlenee, R-Mont.

The need for a conser- We should not create the vation corps is as great American Conservation today as it was on April YES Corps (ACC). 1933, when Henry Rich became the At a time when we're looking down the 7, I §31 Jfr first inductee in Franklin Delano barrel of a trillion-dollar deficit we can- Roosevelt's Civilian Conservation Corps not afford an add-on $225 million project (CCC). Our parks, forests and recre- which is duplicative and unnecessary. ational areas suffer from overuse, in- In testimony before the House Inte- adequate maintenance and deteriorating infrastructure. All rior Committee, both the U.S. Forest Service and Depart- the while, 3.2 million of our youths aged 16 to 25 are out of ment of Interior indicated that ACC employees would be school, out of work, and nearly out of hope. performing low-priority work such as grooming trails, rak- Rep. John Seiberling, Sen. Charles Mathias and I have ing leaves and maintaining outhouses. reintroduced legislation to create an American Conserva- Bear in mind that taxpayers already will spend about $4 tion Corps (ACC). Our bill is similar to one passed by Con- billion this year on natural resource management and pro- gress last year, but pocket vetoed by President Reagan tection of our national parks. (who created a California Ecology Corps in 1971, calling it Taxpayers also are spending $2.2 billion annually to fund "the prototype for future national implementation"). such job programs as the recently created Jobs Training A conservation corps returns far more than it costs. The Partnership Act, the Job Corps' State Block Grant Pro- CCC, for instance, enrolled three million men who per- gram and the Summer Youth Program. These programs formed conservation work worth $1.5 billion. How many of bring employment to some 1.5 million young people. us have walked through a woods or national park to dis- And while youth unemployment remains a problem in our cover a bridge or ledge built by the CCC 50 years ago? country, the heart of the problem rests primarily in eastern These projects provide eloquent testimony to the quality inner cities — areas far removed from western public lands. and quantity of the corps' work. Equally important, 100,000 If we are committed to providing jobs for youths, we illiterates learned to read and write in the corps. And, lest should target the aid to where the problem is most serious. it be forgotten, many career military men (such as Gen. The ACC is negligent in this respect. Mark Clark) served in the CCC. Supporters of the conservation corps will maintain that Recent programs — the Youth Conservation Corps and Ronald Reagan, when governor of California, supported the Young Adult Conservation Corps — returned $1.04 and the corps program. Sure he did. What kind of budget situ- $1.20, respectively, in conservation work for each dollar ation did California face then? It surely wasn't a trillion- expended. How do we quantify the benefits of putting un- dollar deficit — a deficit which threatens to snuff out the employed youths to work, while instilling in them a work past three years of record-breaking economic growth. ethic and reducing juvenile crime and drug abuse? Supporters of the program also argue that the amount of

ACC opponents claim economic recovery is providing federal money is trivial. They'll shrug and slough off com- jobs. Not for teen-agers, who have suffered a net loss of ments suggesting the conservation corps costs a mere $225 34,000 jobs since November 1982. Black teen-age unem- million over three years, a paltry $75 million a year. ployment is 43.1 percent. I disagree. We have no paltry sums of money in our fed- Is there conservation work for these youths? The Forest eral budget. These wasteful, so-called "paltry sums" are Service alone has a backlog of projects sufficient to provide what have bloated the budget in the first place. 16 years of work for an ACC funded at $75 million annually. At a time when Congress will consider or has recently Yet the Administration proposes deep funding cuts for the considered changes in programs such as Medicaid, Medi- forest and park services, water and soil conservation, his- care, Social Security and others, we must be wary of creat- toric preservation and recreation programs. ing new programs which cannot justify their existence. We must reduce the federal deficit, but not at the ex- No one said budget cutting was easy. Congress should pense of precious human and natural resources'. admit we simply cannot afford the ACC.

JUNE 1985 9 — —

GREAT NEW TRANSPORTATION IDEA INDOOR/OUTDOOR Electric Car(t) Who says safe, quiet, electric-powered personal transportation is a dream for the future? That dream is now— thanks to modern engineering - and ELECTRIC MOBILITY.

In fact, there are thousands of through the stores! Only 21" to 28" top. electric vehicles out there right wide, it goes up and down the aisles Standard features include pneu- now—taking their satisfied owners to with ease to let you shop in motorized matic tires, variable speed control, the store—the library—the park comfort. built-in battery chargers, rear differ- even just around the house and yard Time to carry the bundles home ential drive, padded swivel seat, on- and off to visit friends. just load them into the big front and off switch with key, sealed beam

They use no gas or oil, go up to 20 rear cargo baskets and wheel on headlight, heavy duty front drum miles on a single 10$ battery charge, home in style. brake and more. and recharge overnight just by plug- ging into any household electric No License Needed Call Toll-Free outlet. Even if you've never learned to 1-800-662-4548 drive, you can operate one of these for Complete Details Meet CycleChair three-wheelers. And no drivers license is needed. and little Rascal Of course, with a 20-mile range, In fact, they're so easy to ride, even these vehicles won't replace the fam- a child can do it. All the controls are These peppy little three-wheelers ily car. right on the handlebar, so one hand go up to 12mph, and are as much But for safe, reliable transportation is all it takes to speed up, slow down, fun to ride as a Moped, but far safer. around your neighborhood or town stop, back up or make a turn. The wide rear wheelbase makes —with no gas to pump, no oil to them virtually untippable. At the change, no waiting for buses or help- Variety Sizes same time, having all the weight over A of ful friends, they simply can't be beat! the rear axle gives them excellent And Options Available So don't wait for the future to arrive function on slopes, hills even off- — Both Cycle Chair and little Rascal . . . because it's already here! Mail the-road surfaces like grass, sand, are available in short or long frame the coupon below or call our toll-free gravel or carpet. models, with and without such de- number 1-800-662-4548 and arrange Both the Rascal and the luxe accessories as a locking stor- to test drive a brand-new Cycle Chair CycleChair have lightweight alumi- age box, electric horn, rear view or little Rascal today! num frames which are guaranteed for life, solid-state controls and mod- w ular design, which makes them easy Electric Mobility Corp., Dept. 1339 to transport in the trunk of your car. #1 Mobility Plaza, Sewell, NJ 08080

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HjOD HAS, INDEED, W III blessed America. He I has granted her PV bountiful riches — not just symbolized by Bl * II grinding oil wells or HHH jingling cash regis- ters, but the riches of cool mountain streams and sparkling lakes. He has given us endless plains, rolling green hills and snow-capped mountains that lift our spirits with thanksgiving. IMAGE BANK God has also blessed Ameri- cans with a penchant to travel and the freedom to enjoy this bounty. And millions of Americans are doing just that. There are enough diverse things to do and sights to see that even the most discriminating traveler is hard pressed to find fault. Among the favorite outdoor spots are America's national parks. Millions of outdoor enthusiasts go to the National parks for picnics, fishing, overnight camp-outs, hiking nature trails or merely to enjoy leisurely vacations. Meanwhile, millions of other Americans hit the highways destined for the country's

infinite number of tourist attractions . . . the annual pilgrimage to the Indianapolis

500 or the Kentucky Derby . . . the promised trip to Disneyland during the school break ... or that once-in-a-lifetime visit to the nation's capital, rich with national heritage and history-book places to see. Now comes another season to travel, America! And here, on the following pages, is our own sampling of places to see — plus some timely tips on how to get the most out of this year's greatest travel adventure. Have fun!

JUNE 1985 1 1 — —

TRAVELOGUE EightGreat Tourist Sites

Millions of Americans most famous auto race occurs in In- dianapolis each spring before 300,000 flock annually to tourist fans. During the rest of the year, you may ride a bus around the track and sites erected by man tour the museum with its 25 winning cars and collection of antique passen- and nature. Here's a ger autos. There's even a nine-hole glimpse at some of the golf course inside the track. • Kentucky Derby. The two best in the country. greatest minutes in sports occur each May at Churchill Downs racetrack. But the Derby is more than a horse- race. For 10 days, Louisville By Gary Turbak entertains 750,000 spectators with parties, parades, concerts, a horse O American traveler show, steamboat race, dances, cruises, will ever see it all. a giant picnic and hot-air balloon race. LIBERTY LADY America's most famous Within the borders of • Niagara Falls. This cataract on landmark Is now being restored. our nation are too many the Niagara River between New York worthy places for any and Ontario has long been a hon- lifetime. So, each eymooners' mecca. Lovers of all ages traveler must choose still thrill to the thundering of water from among thousands going over the brink. A boat ride past of vacation sites. To the base of the falls shows what it's help you in your selection, here is a like to be on the receiving end. brief look at eight of America's top • Walt Disney World. Sprawling tourist attractions. over 43 square miles of Florida lake and • The Black Hills. These pine- forest country, this is the most popular covered mountains rise like an oasis out tourist attraction in the nation. From of the South Dakota prairie and are "wilderness" camping to Mickey Mouse, packed with recreational opportunities there's something for everyone. One fa- and scenic vistas: several caves, bison vorite is the Epcot Center with its dazzl- herds, sparkling lakes and Mount ing array of futuristic exhibits and its Rushmore. But even the four faces are collection of music and culture from dwarfed by the Crazy Horse Memorial, around the world. where an entire mountain is being • Golden Gate Bridge. Hanging like sculpted with bulldozers and dynamite. a hammock between giant pillars, the BORDER The 162-foot-hlgh Niagara • Statue of Liberty. Millions of im- great bridge exudes grace and beauty. Falls Is shared by two nations. migrants first glimpsed America in the But it is a structural marvel too, span- eyes of the Great Lady towering 305 ning the mile-wide shoreline gap on the ing rivers of hot mud once flowed, feet above New York Harbor. She strength of two huge cables anchored in photograph the peakless mountain and stands there still, choking visitors rock at both ends. Visitors may walk to enjoy a variety of visitor programs with emotion as she welcomes "hud- the center of the span and feel the colos- provided by the U.S. Forest Service. dled masses yearning to breathe free." sus swaying in the breeze. These are but a few stops on the • Indianapolis 500. The world's • Mount St. Helens. In the five nation's bountiful vacationland route. years since this Washington volcano Hundreds more are, perhaps, just as Gary Turbak, an award-winning free- erupted, the area has become a na- deserving of your attention. One thing lance journalist, writes articles on tional monument and a popular tourist is for sure: You'll never run out of U.S. travel for this and other leading attraction. Visitors may hike through great places to visit as long as you general-interest magazines. the flattened forest, drive where surg- travel the face of America.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — ———

GOLDEN GATE This famous bridge graces San Francisco's skyline.

OUT OF THIS WORLD Fun and adventure await visitors to the newest addition to RACE FOR ROSES The Kentucky Derby has Florida's Disney World, the Epcot Center. been run each May for 110 years.

MT. RUSHMORE The faces of four of the United States Presidents tower above the SOUTH DAKOTA Visitors can see the sculpt- trees near U.S. 25 In the hills of South Dakota. Ing of the Crazy Horse figures.

JUNE 1985 13 — — Splendor In Our NATIONAL

GRAND CANYON A varicolored chasm, the northern Arizona canyon has a rim-to-rim width of4-to-13 miles and is 217 miles long.

Most mountains and streams From the silent depths stand today as pure and undefiled as they of Mammoth Cave to did a century ago. Wildlife — deer, elk, bison, and others — wander peacefully Yosemite's lofty crags, about the land, grazing on the same native grasses that waved a greeting America's natural to homesteaders in decades past. beauty is yours for the The parks also offer a respite. America in 1985 is a bustling maze of asking in our scenic freeways, appointments and sky- scrapers. Often, we lead our lives as if national parks. paced by a metronome. But in the parks, time is measured in eons, not hours. Tomorrow will be much like to- TRAIL BREAK Shenandoah (Va.) Park day, and each visitor can move at his blazes with color during the fall. By Gary Turbak own pace. In the parks, we can live for a time in a slower world, one where ing, wooded hills of the Great Smoky HE mysterious Yel- the sun is the only timekeeper. Mountains and the swampy Ever- lowstone land of geysers But indolence is a stranger in most glades, teeming with life. Every- and wildlife became the national parks. The alluring beauty is where, there are placid lakes to mirror world's first national too strong an attraction. There are too the beauty back upon itself. park in 1872. Since then, many streams to canoe, too many In the parks we can see and feel more parks have sprung trails to walk, too many lakes to fish, what the land was like before mankind up across America, for a visitor to remain abed for long. changed it. Here, we can know our T forming a chain of scenic Available too are a plethora of hikes, roots. It is good that the people of our splendor unequaled slide shows, lectures and other activi- nation have set these places aside. To anywhere else on the globe. Each ties designed to help us better under- pass by our national parks and not year, millions of visitors come to gaze stand the geology, biology and ecology enter in is to miss what America the in awe at the unique natural beauty of the parks. The truly curious often beautiful is really all about. that is an American national park. come away with an education.

From the silent depths of Mammoth Mostly, though, national parks pro- ALL PHOTOGRAPHS COURTESY OF Cave to the lofty crags of Yosemite, vide grand feasts for our eyes. The THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE from the impossible vastness of the mountain parks of the West — Glacier, Grand Canyon to the eternity of Red- Yellowstone, Grand Teton, Rocky Planning a Trip? wood, the beauty of the republic lies Mountain — send majestic peaks sky- protected forever in national parks. To ward, capped with snow for much of Remember to use your visit these hallowed places is to touch the year. In the Southwest, glorious American Legion the face of America. reds and oranges splash across the Many national parks offer visitors a rocks of Zion, Bryce and other can- Family Benefit Plan trip through time as well as space. yonland parks. To the east lie the roll-

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — — —

GIANTS The Sequoias (Calif.) are the MT. RAINIER, WASH. Glaciers cover the UTAH TREASURE Zion Canyon Park tallest living things on Earth. sides of this dormant volcano. protects archeologlcal sites.

THE WILDS Visitors to Yosemlte National Park In California are treated to scenes of lakes, forests, cascades and wildlife.

JUNE 1985 15 VISITING OUR NATION'S CAPITAL

By Inger Krogh

'"Ti^—TV

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — — —

"Despite all the governmental problems we hear about daily here is the very essence and soul of 'nation' — of America."

ASHINGTON, as U.S. Capitol at one end and the Lin- from occasionally conducting tours for every American knows, coln Memorial at the other and the un- Scandinavian visitors: is something special. It limited riches of the Smithsonian • The great public buildings seen at is a rich historical and buildings gracing the sides. Off the night under floodlight — and the view cultural center, as well wings are the gleaming White House from the high ground of Arlington as the political capital and Jefferson Memorials. And who, House (the Curtis-Lee Mansion) in of a mighty nation and especially a veteran, would want to Virginia. the Free World. It is miss visiting the Tomb of the Un- • The murals inside the capitol home to 3.2 million known Soldier at Arlington National dome where the Italian immigrant, people. And it's a magnet for over 17 Cemetery, the Iwo Jima Memorial or Constantino Brumidi, labored 25 years million tourists each year. the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial? to bequeath an enduring gift to his Washington's great public buildings Every stone and intersection here adopted nation. and memorials, its flowers, trees and has a story to tell, and everyone finds • Springtime's cherry blossoms park-like vistas all form an unforget- his own favorite attractions. Yet here around the mosquito-infested swamp table impression. It singularly com- are the ones that stand out for me, that later became the beautiful Tidal bines the power of ancient Rome, the based especially on reactions I get Basin. inspiration of ancient Athens and the • The old Chesapeake and Ohio beauty of Paris. Despite all the gov- Canal, a hiker's dream that, from 1828 ernmental problems we hear about on, reached westward from daily, here is the very essence and Georgetown 184 miles to Cumberland soul of "nation" — of America. and the Appalachians. I myself saw Washington for the • The imposing yet serene statue of first time as a newcomer to America in Abraham Lincoln, which took Daniel

1946 . . . and vowed to return one day. Chester French four years to carve This my family and I did, for good, in and enshrine in its temple. 1951. The population was then 1.2 mil- • The Franciscan Monastery with lion, and the city bore many of the its realistic reconstructions of shrines cozy characteristics of a sleepy south- of the Holy Land and Rome's ern town. It still does, but you have to Catacombs. look harder now to find them. • The magnificent National Cathe- The dominant impact of Washington dral on Mount St. Alban, whose con- emerges from its grand mall, with the struction has been under way, hand- carved stone by stone, since 1907. Inger Krogh is a Washington tour Washington also ranks as a great art guide, writer and Norwegian language center (the National Gallery, the Cor- teacher at the State Department's coran, etc.), a center of learning (six Foreign Service Institute. universities and the Library of Con- gress) and a museum center — the V Smithsonian is visited by more people than any other in the world. GEORGETOWN BARGE Tourists may Here, in short, is something for every- also see the historic city by boat. one— something special, indeed.

IWO JIMA MEMORIAL is based on, HONOR GUARD Tomb of the Unknown WALL OF NAMES The Vietnam Memo- perhaps, the most famous photo of WWII. Soldier has special guardians. rial lists 58,022 fallen heroes.

JUNE 1985 17 reservations instead of shopping around once you get there. Call TAKING 1-800-555-1212, to find out if your favorite motel chain has a toll free res- ervation number. When making a res- ervation, always get the name of the THE TEARS person with whom you spoke. There are lots of alternatives to motels. Two couples vacationing to- gether may be able to rent a con- OUT OF TRAVEL dominium cheaper than staying in a motel. Many college campuses rent dormitory rooms to travelers during the summer. If you're of retirement Before your bags are packed and you're ready to age, look into Elderhostel, a program that allows travelers to stay in college go, bone up on your travel-savvy with these tips dorms, take classes, eat in the dining from a pro. Don't leave home without them! hall and enjoy other campus facilities. Several hundred colleges and univer- sities participate. European style "bed and breakfast" By Gary Turbak checks. Car rental companies almost and "tourist home" lodgings are be- always insist you use a credit card. ginning to show up across America. RAVELING across Another rental possibility is a recre- Usually, these places offer a modest

; America can be the ex- ational vehicle that will provide trans- private room, bathroom down the hall,

I perience of a lifetime. Or portation, shelter and a place to cook breakfast, and friendly company at a it can be an expensive your meals. An RV, however, may get reasonable rate. For unique lodging, nightmare. Often, the only eight or nine miles per gallon. book yourself into one of the hundreds difference lies in plan- If you drive your own car, get all of working farms and ranches that jning and paying atten- mechanical work done before you cater to travelers. tion to detail. leave home. If a gas station attendant Camping provides the cheapest T j I Long before you leave along the way suggests repairs such as lodging of all, and it doesn't have to home, write for information about the new shock absorbers, get a second mean a night alone in the forest. Most area you'll be visiting. State tourist opinion before having the work done. commercial campgrounds have show- agencies and city chambers of com- You may save money on gas by buying ers, laundry facilities and other merce will gladly suggest what to see, at stations that are not along major amenities. Some even provide tour where to stay and when to visit. highways or near tourist attractions. buses, barbecues, craft lessons or If you're flying, use a travel agent. Other valuable items include a hand movies. Many have tents for rent. It's impossible to keep up with changes calculator to compute mileage, tips You can reduce food expenses by car- in rates and schedules, and reservations and your budget; a multi-purpose fold- rying your own. Milk and fruit kept in a made by a travel agent cost no more ing knife with bottle opener, can small cooler and a box of dry cereal can than if you make them yourself. opener, scissors and sharp blades; provide breakfasts. Take along some Whenever possible, carry valu- alarm clock; a clothes brush; an extra plastic plates and silverware. Buy a few ables — such as cameras — on board in- pair of eyeglasses; health insurance groceries in a supermarket and treat stead of putting them in luggage to be identification, in case you need yourself to an inexpensive picnic. checked with the airline. Also carry emergency treatment; and a first aid If you'll be visiting Canada or with you the personal things you'll kit. Also take all the prescription Mexico, change your money in a bank need if your bags arrive a day or two drugs you'll need, as it may be impos- or use a credit card. Don't pay for after you do. Most airlines will cover sible to get a refill in another state. things in U.S. currency. lost luggage only to a maximum of If you'll be staying in motels, make You also may save by avoiding high- $750, regardless of what was priced tourist traps and tak- inside the suitcase. Consider ing free tours of factories, buying excess valuation in- state capitols and govern- surance if the contents of ment facilities such as mints your luggage exceed that* and military installations. amount even slightly. Look for discounts. The When entering the secure National Park Service and area of an airport, ask that many private tourist busi- your camera bag be inspected nesses offer discounts for by hand, not x-rayed. Re- senior citizens — sometimes gardless of what the security defined as anyone over 50. people tell you, airport x-ray *Auto club membership may machines that vary in inten- I qualify you for cheaper rates. sity can damage film. SAnd your American Legion If you plan to rent a car, z membership card can get you don't expect to pay for the E.a discount at certain inns, vehicle with cash or by 1 restaurants, car rental com- check — even travelers ^panies and other facilities.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — BIRTH OF THE 50-STAR FLAG

All the spunky high school kid wanted was a better grade in history. But before it was over, the nation got a new flag.

ByJune Huffman President reached Heft at his new job he was asked if he recalled sending a 50-star flag. "Vaguely," the designer scene, perhaps, has been replied naively. repeated in American class- "Moreover, when the President said THErooms thousands, if not mil- my design was chosen and invited me lions of times, in our history. to attend the dedicatory ceremony, The student-teacher confron- I put him on hold," Heft recalled. tation over grades. On this oc- He requested time off, then said, casion, however, time would "Dwight, are you there?" From the prove that both were right and the Oval Office Eisenhower chuckled at United States, as a result, would get a the 18-year-old's informality. new flag. Heft packed a borrowed suitcase, Robert Heft, designer of our 50-star drove his red Plymouth Valiant to American flag is a robust, enthusiastic Washington, parked it among the American who travels 100,000 miles a limousines, and spent four days at the year promoting Old Glory's history White House before accompanying and Americanism to groups ranging Eisenhower to the ceremony. 17 from members of The American COMPANIONS FOR YEARS Robert Dignitaries milled around, military Heft and his original flag log more than Legion to elementary school children. bands performed, and 100,000 spec- 100,000 miles a year promoting Old Glory But the flag, which was designed in tators filed into the bleachers. and the importance of Americanism. 1958 on his grandparent's living room "Golly, this is okay," Heft remem- floor in Lancaster, Ohio, would have bered thinking. To generate conver- been an unheralded event if not for flag should look like when we have 50 sation he whispered to the Chief Ex- Heft's determination and foresight as states," Heft said. "It was returned, ecutive, "How do you like your job?" an 18-year-old high school student. so I sent it to my congressman, Walter Ike flashed his famous grandfatherly Actually, the 50-star design was an Moeller, informing him to keep it grin and answered, "It is a challenge." American History project which earned handy, just in case there was a need. "At 12:01 EST they raised my flag a B-minus because it "lacked original- "Every time I saw something in the over the Capitol. It was thrilling, but I ity." When Heft complained, his paper about new statehood I for- fidgeted and squirmed, secretly want- teacher, Stanley Pratt, challenged him warded the article to him as a re- ing to go home to have my grade to have Congress accept his design, minder that I had a flag ready." changed," Heft reminisced recently. then the grade would be changed. Alaska was admitted into the Union Bob Heft is now mayor of Napoleon, At that time Alaska was seeking on Jan. 3, 1959, and Hawaii on Aug. Ohio, and lectures extensively as a admission to the Union. But Heft de- 21, 1959. Statehood can be granted flag historian. He concludes his ses- signed a 50-star flag because he as- anytime, but a star can only be added sions with a stirring Pledge of Alle- sumed if Alaska gained admission, on July 4th, thus the 49-star flag was giance to his original flag. Hawaii would soon follow. only good for one year, and a 50- As for the prototype flag Heft made With this in mind, Heft designed his star flag was needed —just as Heft in his grandparent's living room, it has

own flag. He snipped and stitched and had anticipated. ' logged more than 2% million miles, has spent $2.87 for a piece of white iron-on Moeller didn't forget the pesky kid flow over all the state capitols, the material from which he cut 50 stars. from home, and entered the flag for White House during four administra- He devoted his entire weekend to the consideration. Heft's teacher had been tions, the Betsy Ross House in project, developing blisters from the right, the flag design was not exactly Philadelphia, Fort McHenry where scissors. Devastated by his B-minus original. Of the 109,000 submissions Francis Scott Key wrote the Star grade, Heft vowed to have it changed 90,000 were exactly like Heft's; how- Spangled Banner, the Arizona Memo- — somehow! ever, they were just paper sketches. rial in Hawaii and over 88 American "I shipped the flag to the governor Two weeks following his high school embassies. Shot at while flying over of Ohio explaining that this is what the graduation, Bob Heft was tipped off the American Embassy in Vietnam, by Moeller that President Eisenhower the flag was returned with one red June Huffman, a free-lance writer would be calling. strip neatly patched. from Grand Rapids, Ohio, has been a The White House tried phoning him Oh yes, as NBC and CBS filmed the member of Auxiliary Unit 232 for at home, but his grandmother thought event for the news, Heft finally re- more than 39 years. it was a prankster. Finally, when the ceived an "A" from his teacher.

JUNE 1985 19 ILLUSTRATION BY TOM FREEMAN

American and Soviet subs are playing a will be much harder to counter than before. Research has made the oceans deadly wargame under the surface of the sea. more opaque, not more transparent. Our strategy for the underseas war It's a game the United States can't afford to has three principal aspects: The first is lose—but are we doing enough to win? early deployment to forward areas. The Soviets, from their Eurasian heartland, look westward to the Norwegian Sea and eastward to the By Edward L. Beach freedom in all ways, and to freedom of waters around Kamchatka. Their thought especially, our openness does missile subs could cover all assigned not make it obligatory to expose our- targets without leaving these areas, scenario for a possible selves to harm at the hands of the and may, in time of war, look on them underseas war ... for antisub- Soviet Union, a society that views our as bastions, seaward boundaries of THEmarine warfare ... is really freedoms as points of vulnerability. their undisputed suzerainty. quite simple: our submarines Soviet submarines are today a far On our side, we have for years vis- versus the Soviet Union's. cry from what they were 10 years ago. ualized sending our attack subs into What is not simple, how- In 1975 we had reason to feel our them immediately on the outbreak of ever, is the strategy involved submarines were quieter. By broad- war. The weapons and tactics planned in such head-to-head confrontation. casting how we were better, we for use in this contingency are very Our ASW strategy lends itself to showed how important it was. Now closely held, for of a surety the big secrecy, since nearly all of it takes the quietness gap is closing and they Soviet missile subs will be escorted by place beneath the surface of the sea. hope to overtake us before we know it, smaller ones. They would give a lot to Although our society is dedicated to just as the Japanese did. Unlike us, learn our plans and how well our however, the Soviets do not trumpet weapons function. Edward L. Beach, USN (Ret.), is the their successes. A second aspect of our ASW strat- author of "Run Silent, Run Deep" and Submarines, theirs and ours, egy is protection of our shipping. Un- other Navy classics. He was captain of spearhead today's naval strategy. less we are to abandon Europe to the the first submarine to circumnavigate They can go where other ships cannot, bone-crunching westward march its the globe underwater. and stay longer. By all estimates they inhabitants fear, any outbreak of gen-

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE V

eral war will, for a third time, require each class as later models come along. a massive bridge of ships across the The latest Soviet missile subs are Atlantic. Now, however, our convoy 25,000-ton monsters, as big as World escorts will either be in the air or War I battleships. Ours are not quite entirely submerged. Our biggest prob- that large, a mere 19,000 tons, but lem probably will lie in how many they carry more missiles. planes and submarines we will be able During the past decade, the Soviets to spare for this service, and how have built 10 or so different types of quickly it will have to be fully effec- submarines, ranging from the huge tive. Judging by previous experience Typhoon class, to the fast, deep-diving in two wars against the German subs, Alpha class attack boats. this will be very quickly indeed. We, in contrast, have come up with The third is in support of our de- only one new sub, the Trident, and ployed battle groups. In the recent have only two basic designs in our in- Falkland Islands war, British nuclear ventory: the tremendous ballistic subs traveled full speed from England missile subs — now of two classes, to the bottom of South America and however and attack subs half their The USS Sam Rayburn (SSBN-635) dis- — first units on size but still far bigger than the World were the Royal Navy plays its missile-launching tubes while in station. During the Grenada affair of port at the Newport News Shipyard. War II submarines. last year, the U.S. battle group com- Both navies send their subs out on mander was at all times in communi- face and subsurface as well. To do patrol several times a year, ours with cation with a contingent of submerged otherwise is to court disaster. alternate crews. The subs dive on submarines whose presence was never Today the U.S. and Soviet navies reaching deep water and remain sub- revealed. The new twist in naval war- have two basic classes of submarines, merged until they come back. fare is that today's battle groups must broadly designated as "attack" and Submariners have sought to keep deploy competent escorts in air, sur- "missile" subs, with improvements in Continued on page b2

UNDERSEAS FIREPOWER: U.S. vs. USSR

chart depicts the best avail- THEable data on our own and Soviet submarines. To the 134 U.S. SUBMARINES USSR SUBMARINES U.S. submarines shown, three more TYPE CLASS NUMBER TYPE CLASS NUMBER Ohios are planned, as are a half SSBN Lafayette 31 SSBN Typhoon 3 dozen Los Angeles-class attack SSBN Ohio 3 SSBN Delta 1/11/111 36 Ethan Allen 3 SSBN Yankee 1/11 25 boats. On the line today, we have 25 SSBN SSBN George Washington 2 SSBN Hotel11/111/V 5 Trident-capable (or soon will be so) SSN Los Angeles 25 SSB Golf 1 1/11 1/1 15 ballistic missile submarines with 264 SSN Glenard P. SSGN Oscar 2 launching tubes, and nine more with Lipscomb 1 SSGN Papa 1 144 Poseidon tubes. For attack SSN Narwhal 1 SSGN Charlie 1/11 19 SSN Sturgeon 39 SSGN Echo 11 29 boats, we have 77 first-line anti- SSN Tilllbee 1 SSN Alfa 7 submarine submarines (counting only SSN Permit 13 SSN Victor 1/1 1/1 11 38 Permits or better). SSN Skipjack 5 SSG Juliett 16 SSN Skate 4 SSG Whiskey Long Bin 4 The Soviets' status is designedly SSN Seawoif 1 SSGN/SSN Yankee 9 harder to detail than ours. much SS Barbel 3 SSN Echol 5 They have 17 SSBNs capable of SS Darter 1 SSN November 12 launching the big SS-N-18 missile, SS Grayback 1 SS Kilo 2 SS Tango 15 three of them at least are Typhoons Total 134 SS Foxtrot 55 with 20 missile tubes each, sized for SS Romeo 12 the huge SS-N-20 or SS-N-23 mis- SS = Submarine: Conventional SS Quebec Unk siles, for a total of 284 ICBM launch SSB = Submarine: Conventional power; SS ZululV 8 ballistic missile armed tubes, backed up by 22 more ballistic SS Whiskey 57 SSG = Submarine: Conventional power; SS Whiskey Canvas submarines with 280 tubes capable of guided missile armed Bag 1 the smaller SS-N-8 missile. Soviet SSN = Submarine: Attack; nuclear SS India 2 first-line nuclear attack submarines powered SS Lima 1 SSR = Submarine: Conventional power; counting only the nuclear ones, total SS Bravo 4 radar picket SS Golf 3 some 96, many equipped with the new SS-N-21 land-attack, sea- Total 386+ launched cruise missile. Thus, launching tube for launching mariner aware of the imponderables technology and operational cap- tube, we have 408 to their 564. And that will affect these figures, the abilities of our side and theirs will be of attack submarines, we have 77 to Soviets appear to have only a nu- the ultimate measure of which side their 96. To the professional sub- merical advantage. The comparative has superiority.

JUNE 1985 21 —

IS CASTRO

commentator Dan Rather says he has the impression fob CBSFidel Castro "really believes that maybe, just maybe, Pres- REAL? ident Reagan will decide to try with Cuba what Richard Nixon did with China. And without changing his ideology, Castro wants to ENDLESS PEACE OVERTURES SPEW give that the best chance he can." The bearded Cuban dictator is FROM HAVANA. IS CASTRO TRYING "whistling Dixie" if he actually believes Reagan might come calling on him in TO GET UNCLE SAM TO BAIL OUT Havana. But in a 6V2-hour interview CUBA'S BANKRUPT ECONOMY, OR with Rather this March, Castro called attention to former President Nixon's DOES HE MEAN BUSINESS? 1972 diplomatic breakthrough with communist China, suggesting that the United States and Cuba also "could im- prove relations without sharing the By Philip C. Clarke same ideology or point of view."

Highlights of the interview ap- U.S. government ("In this case . . . one change, President Castro seems will- peared on CBS-TV in prime time, rep- must render unto God the things that ing to cooperate in bringing about a resenting another plus in Castro's are God's and unto Caesar the things political solution to problems in Cen- intensifying "peace offensive" aimed at that are Caesar's"). tral America and Africa." persuading the United States to lift its Last January, a team of three Wash- Economically things are not going 1961 embargo and to trade with Cuba ington Post editors met for six hours well for Cuba. At present, it has been in the dollars it desperately needs. with Castro, reporting back on his estimated that the Soviet Union is Taking its cue from Havana. Man- "conciliatory tone" and his desire for subsidizing the Cuban economy at the agua's Sandinista regime also is more "confidence-building" measures rate of, perhaps, some $4 billion to waging an all-out diplomatic and prop- similar to the December 1984, U.S.- $4.5 billion annually though estimates aganda campaign, timed to pressure Cuban immigration agreement. Under vary. Yet Moscow is apparently reluc- the U.S. Congress into denying aid to that accord, the United States has tant to increase its aid, and Castro Nicaragua's anti-communist freedom agreed to admit up to 20,000 Cubans a fears that the help may eventually fighters. In late February, Managua year, together with some 3,000 former stop altogether. offered a "peace plan," including a political prisoners and their families, promise to send home 100 of the esti- in return for Havana taking back of a rift betweeen mated 2,500 or more Cuban military nearly 2,800 criminals who entered the RumorsHavana and Moscow, together advisers in Nicaragua. The token ges- United States during the 1980 Mariel with suggestions that Castro ture, described as "meaningless" by refugee boatlift. The deal will net the might be ready to "jump ship" Washington, obviously had Castro's Castro regime a sizable hard-currency to our side, have been floating stamp of approval. profit for the issuance of exit visas. around for years. Perhaps by In recent months, Castro has hosted a After nearly 10 hours of talks with design, the rumors resurfaced steady stream of American visitors, in- Castro in January, two U.S. Repre- after Castro's notable non-attendance cluding prominent politicians, church sentatives, William V. Alexander Jr., at the funeral of Konstantin Cher- leaders, businessmen and journalists. the chief deputy majority whip in the nenko in March. The Kremlin obvi- Most said they were greatly impressed House, and James Leach, called for ously would be happy to share its by the Cuban leader's "reasonableness." normalizing relations with Havana and Cuban financial burden with the "We essentially seek the same thing," for the convening of a Central Ameri- United States. But it's scarcely be- Castro was quoted as saying in a can peace conference, including Cuba. lievable that the Soviets would easily Parade magazine cover story in April As the congressmen told a Washington relinquish their well-entrenched 1984, titled, "Must We Be Foes?" In the press conference, there are "warm beachhead in Cuba, only 90 miles from piece, Castro praised the American tradewinds that blow in the direction the Florida coastline, no matter how ." revolution, Abraham Lincoln and the of the United States . . much it costs to maintain. "noble feelings" of the American people, Writing in the New York Times on Lacking concrete evidence of good- bestowing his benevolence even on the Feb. 14, Alexander said that Castro will by Castro, should Uncle Sam now "wants to lessen tensions (to) give rush to the rescue of Castro's bankrupt Philip C. Clarke, a former AP corre- Cuba access to U.S. markets and im- economy? At a Capitol Hill news confer- spondent, is a free-lance journalist prove the prospect that entrepreneurs ence in February, three congressmen and editor who has covered the inter- will take advantage of Cuba's new law Florida's Claude Pepper and Larry national scene since World War II. permitting foreign investment. In ex- Smith and New Mexico's William

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE been a communist and never had had anything to do with communism. Less than two years later, and after receiving generous allotments of U.S. aid, Castro told a mass rally in Havana on Dec. 2, 1961: "I want everyone to know that I have been a communist for as long as I can remember." In another exercise in deception, in October 1962, Castro flatly denied there were any Soviet missiles in Cuba, calling such reports "pure invention." Less than a week later, U.S. reconnais- sance photos revealed an array of Soviet missiles already deployed and aimed at the United States. Although the Soviets presumably withdrew the weapons as part of the Kennedy- Khrushchev agreement end- ing the Cuban missile crisis, Castro ever since has collaborated with Moscow in maintaining Cuba as a heavily armed staging base bristling with Soviet mili- tary personnel and weapons for the support of Marxist- Leninist revolution. Nor has there been any relaxation in

REUTERS/BETTMANN NEWSPHOTOS the buildup. A joint Pentagon-State , Department position paper, released Richardson — took sharp issue with fel- Castro released five American political March 22, revealed that in the past low lawmakers who visit Havana for prisoners, most of whom had been jailed five years the Soviets provided more "marathon talks" with Castro. They on trumped-up spy charges. But even military aid to Cuba and Nicaragua contended this only serves Cuba's prop- then he was secretly plotting new com- than total U.S. arms aid to Latin aganda purposes. Said Richardson, who munist revolutions in Nicaragua, El America. chairs the House Hispanic Caucus: "I'm Salvador and elsewhere. A former high-ranking official in the tired of hearing that Fidel Castro wants During last summer's U.S. election Castro regime, Jose Luis Llovio, now to normalize relations with the United campaign, Castro seized on the in exile in the United States, told a States at the same time that he is deeply highly-publicized visit of the Rev. Washington news conference not long involved in narcotics and at the same Jesse Jackson to make another show of ago that Castro has no interest in time that he is massively violating the "humanitarianism." At a Havana rally, reaching a peaceful settlement in Cen- human rights of his own people." Castro announced he was releasing 28 tral America. What Castro and his prisoners, 22 of them Americans. It regime wants, he said, is "to make a Pepper, who heads the lot of Cubas everywhere." As for Cas- House Rules Committee, tro himself, Llovio said: "Fidel hates argued that Castro would like totally the United States. He hates its Rep.nothing better than to have "the institutions. He hates its policies. He U.S. taxpayer help him stay hates everybody here." afloat rather than curtail Cuba's As a State Department spokesman

foreign military operations. . . . on the "Cuban desk" told this corre- If Castro is really in a 'conciliatory spondent: "Castro's rhetoric has yet to mood,' he could release his political pris- FEARS THAT SOVIET match his deeds. His approach is quite oners (and) stop the executions for polit- HELP MAY STOP familiar: He appeals in public for bet- ical reasons, which according to Am- ter relations, full restoration of diplo- nesty International, continue to take ALTOGETHER." matic relations and removal of the place ... He could quit being a hench- U.S. trade embargo without precon- man for Soviet communism in the dition. But in private, when it gets Western hemisphere." down to the nitty-gritty, Castro makes Indeed, based on the record, there was an obvious political ploy to win clear that U.S. terms are not discuss- is ample reason to question Castro's favor in the United States. able. These call on the Cuban govern- sincerity. In 1977, after hints that Fidel Castro's record of unreliability ment to (1) stop promoting violent Castro might withdraw some of his goes back more than a quarter of a cen- revolution in other countries, (2) end 25,000 troops from Angola, the United tury. On a post-revolution visit to the military ties with Moscow and (3) quit States agreed to an exchange of dip- United States in April 1959, Castro, trying to undermine American inter- lomatic "Interest Sections" with who had come to power with the sup- ests throughout Latin America. Havana. But instead of withdrawing port of many influential Americans, as- "If and when there's a real change in from Africa, Castro dispatched an- sured the then Secretary of State, the Castro's approach, said the spokes- other 12,000 Cuban troops to Ethiopia. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, man, "we'll be willing to talk. So far, In 1978, in a bid for normalized rela- two university audiences and a pub- we've seen no credible sign that Cas- tions with the Carter Administration, lishers' conference that he never had tro means what he's saying."

JUNE 1985 23 — HAILTHE HERO!

WHATEVER HAPPENED TO OUR REAL HEROES—MEN AND WOMEN WHO INSPIRED US WITH THEIR FEATS OF GREATNESS?

ByJoseph C. Keeley

need heroes, as AMERICANSdo all people who are young in spirit and idealistic at heart. But what's happened to all those who once spurred us on as we used their beacons of character to illuminate our own walks through life? Heroes were once everywhere standouts in every field of endeavor, and they were easy to recognize and worthy of emulation. But like today's morals, today's heroes seem neither black nor white, but spectral figures clothed in murky gray. Today's heroes are more likely to be the creations of smart press agents than individuals striving for true greatness. It wasn't always so. World War I is fading into history, yet still remem- bered are such fighters as Alvin York, took an active role in getting The Europe was drawing to a close, an- Eddie Rickenbacker and "Black Jack" American Legion started. other special hero emerged when Hit- Pershing. Another who will be long A host of heroes emerged from ler mounted his desperate lunge remembered is Lt. Col. Theodore World War II but two of them deserve through the Ardennes. Things looked Roosevelt, son of the former Pres- special mention. While the nation still grim but when the German general ident. He was gassed at Soissons and mourned the tragedy of Pearl Harbor, called on Gen. Anthony McAuliffe to Lt. Col. James H. Doolittle boosted surrender, his reply, "Nuts!" gal- Joseph C. Keeley, author of numerous morale and united this home front by vanized the nation. books and articles, is a former editor commanding 16 B-25s on a bombing In contrast, the heroes of the war in of The American Legion Magazine. raid against Tokyo. As the war in Korea went largely unsung. The public

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE was kept informed of fighting there, ture. The legendary deeds of Odysseus Today the creation of heroes, real but one got the impression that this are remembered because of Homer. and fictional, has become a major in- was not the same kind of crusade that The moral is that a scribe is essen- dustry, largely the domain of publicity World War II had been. tial for lasting fame. Alas, heroes who people, managers, promoters and Certainly the home front did not be- were once lauded by minstrels are media people. Their aim is to inflate to come excited. A Marine home from long forgotten. heroic proportions prize fighters, rock Korea complained about this apathy in Sometimes the hero or would-be singers, football stars, ambitious an article in The American Legion hero assists in the image-making. politicians and movie personalities. Magazine of February 1952. The Julius Caesar did so when he wrote his Sidney Hook, the noted educator, Marine, James C. Jones, wrote, Commentaries and Napoleon did explains how this is done by those who

"Americans at home . . . think this likewise in setting down his memoirs. have access to the media: "Whoever war is a two-bit skirmish fought on Today, millions of autobiographies controls the microphones and printing Mars or Venus." Heroes might have pour off the presses as their writers presses can make or unmake belief served as unpleasant reminders to the strive for a favorable niche in history. virtually overnight." home folks that a very bloody war was However, to call many of these being fought. proof that a competent stars, superstars or celebrities heroes The war in Vietnam was not neg- writer can turn a little known is somewhat less than accurate. Cer- lected by the media, but here again person into a world celebrity, tainly they are not in the same league there was little emphasis on heroism Asconsider the case of Buffalo with holders of the Medal of Honor but considerable stress on corruption, Bill. He was a scout who and lesser decorations for valor. drug addiction, savagery, senseless hunted buffalo to feed Union The kind of courage shown by some- killing and incompetence. The grunts Pacific workers about a cen- one who plunges into an icy lake to of that war were presented, especially tury ago. His real name was William save a drowning person represents on TV, as participants in a brutal form Frederick Cody. A writer named Ed- true heroism. A superstar who is paid of spectator sport. As a result, the ward Judson heard Cody talk about a million a year for his ability to score men who survived to return home his adventures and was so impressed touchdowns is doing nothing heroic were regarded with suspicion and, in that he did a series of articles about when he throws a winning pass. He's many cases, with outright hostility. him under the pen name Ned superb at his job but that does not Later the American public was to Buntline. The stories were largely fan- make him a hero. learn that there had indeed been tasy but they made Cody world fa- The public has a strange compulsion heroes in Vietnam, men like Navy mous, a folk hero. these days to regard as heroes many commander, later rear admiral and He became, to millions, what Will who are non-heroes or even anti- U.S. Senator Jeremiah A. Denton, Rogers had in mind ^^^^^^^ and Col. George A. Day, who with- when he said, "What stood years of torture at the hands of the knight is to Europe, sadistic captors. what the legend of Men of this caliber, holders of the Robin Hood is to Eng- Medal of Honor and other awards for land, so the story of the Heroes were valor, are regularly honored at Na- western cowboy is to tional Conventions of The American America." once everywhere— Legion. But among those they address Buffalo Bill and other are many others deserving of honor. western characters had standouts in every Peace as well as war produces many a great influence on the field of endeavor, and heroes and often their deeds are spec- making of America. Be- tacular, as when Neil Armstrong took cause of their exploits they were easy to his first steps on the moon. But the millions became inter- heroics are less sensational when a ested in the far West recognize and worthy fireman saves a child from a burning and many of them an- of emulation, building or when a policeman faces a swered the call and ff crazed gunman. Such heroism today is headed in that direction. >-^^^^^— considered routine, a part of the job. A more curious type of hero, this kind entirely fictional, heroes. Vicious killers of the Old West the creation of heroes the deed was created with Horatio Alger. His are elevated to hero status by stories must be noted and duly reported. heroes are not in the classic mold but and movies about them. Swindlers In the case of McAuliffe, his dis- they, too, had a profound effect. In who cheat their victims shamelessly Indainful reply to the Germans soon more than a hundred books Alger told are glamorized. Even such psycho- became known to the world. At the of poor boys with such names as Rag- pathic hoodlums as John Dillinger and time he made that reply thousands ged Dick and Tattered Tom who Al Capone are often presented sym- of "the battling bastards of Bas- moved to the city to "strive and suc- pathetically. On another level, some togne" were also performing heroi- ceed." They worked hard, fought vil- neighborhood crazy will be viewed as a cally. they What did was usually un- lains and shunned evil influences . . hero by his peers if he gets away with seen and unreported, but a great Eventually they became successful. a violent crime, especially if he gets many of these men, especially the Alger's heroes were taken as examples his picture in the paper or on TV. 77,000 who became casualties, were by many ambitious young Americans. Veterans will not soon forget the pol- heroes in every sense. Alger's books were not great litera- troons who ran off to Canada and Swe- It has always been thus. David's ture but they constantly stressed the den to escape military service during the encounter with Goliath will never be importance of the American work Vietnam War. Some of the nation's forgotten because it is in the Scrip- ethic to the young. Continued on page 4.8

JUNE 1985 25 VETERANS UPDATE

The maximum interest rate on va beginning Feb. 1, 1985, and ending Jan. 31, 1989, to home loans has been reduced to 12M> percent from 13 undergo a vocational evaluation. Based on the evaluation, percent. The new rate went into effect on April 19, 1985. the veterans may be referred to individually designed pro- VA Administrator Harry N. Walters said the reduction in grams of vocational training and employment services. the rate reflects recent improvement in the nationwide A VA spokesman said that although the veterans' pen- mortgage market. sions may be terminated due to employment, they would The last change in the interest rate occurred on March still be eligible for health care for three years.

25, when it was increased to 13 percent from 12V2 percent. Another stipulation requires veterans who were awarded The VA also decreased maximum rates for graduated total disability compensation on the basis of unem-

payment mortgages to 12% percent and home improvement ployability after Feb. 1, 1985, to take part in a new VA loans to 14 percent. New maximum loan rates for manufac- vocational rehabilitation program, except in unusual cir- tured homes are 15 percent, while loan rates to buy either a cumstances. The spokesman said that during that period, a unit with a lot, or a lot for a unit already owned by the veteran's total disability rating based on unemployability veteran dropped to 14 percent. may not be reduced unless the veteran is employed for 12 The rate change does not affect existing loans whose in- or more consecutive months. terest rates remain the same for the life of the agreements. VA home loans may be used to purchase, construct, alter, improve, repair or refinance a home. Loans also may be Virtually all you ever wanted to know obtained to buy condominiums or manufactured homes, about veterans benefits is contained in the 1985 with or without a lot. handbook, "Federal Benefits for Veterans and Depen- dents," which is available for $2.50 from the Superintend- ent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. The stock ome veterans who can't keep up their number is 051-000-00170-2. monthly payments on VA home loans are being vic- The 88-page book, produced annually by the VA, outlines timized in a new scam called "equity skimming." veterans eligibility in medical care, education, compensa- According to the VA, the fraud begins when a veteran who tion, pension, insurance, home loan guaranty, job training can't meet his mortgage payments and can't afford to pay a and burial assistance. There is also information on medical real estate commission tries to sell the house by himself. benefits for veterans who were exposed to Agent Orange Since the loan normally requires no down payment, there and radiation, and a section for veterans suffering from is little or no equity in the property. Along comes a "buyer" post-traumatic stress disorder. who is willing to take over the loan and make the monthly Employment assistance and other veterans benefits from payments. The "buyer" suggests that the hard-pressed the Department of Labor, the Department of Defense and veteran move out immediately and the "buyer" will take other government offices are included. quick possession of the house through a "purchase money The handbook lists the addresses and local phone num-

note" or "quit claim deed" and a transfer of title. bers of all VA offices, medical centers, national cemeteries, The veteran believes that by converting the property to Vietnam counseling centers and other VA facilities.

the "buyer," he is relieved of making further mortgage payments, which is not true. Meanwhile, the "buyer" rents granted to the out the propety, pockets the money and does not make any n extension has been federal providing special non-competitive mortgage payments, and the loan company eventually is program veterans. Originally forced to foreclose. hiring for Vietnam-era and disabled to expire last September, the Veterans In one case, the veteran lost his home and owes the VA scheduled program was extended to over $20,000. The "buyer" collected the rent and vanished. Readjustment Appointments passage of the Veterans Benefits If the veteran had read his loan agreement carefully, he Sept. 30, 1986, through would have known that only the VA can release him from Improvement Act. program, the law also raised his loan obligation. The VA also has a program that assists In addition to extending the to and pro- veterans who are having difficulty making their VA the entry grade level from GS/WG-7 GS/WG-9 mortgage payments. vides limited appeal rights during the veteran's first year of appointment. A Vietnam-era or disabled veteran with no more than 14 Many VA pensions and disability compen- years of education may qualify for a VRA. A waiver for sations are receiving additional scrutiny under new disabled veterans is possible. vocational training and rehabilitation programs im- During FY 1984, the Office of Personnel Management plemented by the VA. reported there were 9,272 VRA hires, representing 6 per- A new vocational training program requires veterans cent of all federal hires and 30 percent of the Vietnam-era under age 50 who are awarded pensions during the period veterans hired.

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

A REPORT FROM THE 25TH WASHINGTON CONFERENCE

the early spring weather Legionnaires facilities and nursing homes. The could not lighten the somber American Legion warns that it is the EVEN 9 mood of the more than 1,000 carry the veterans wrong time for such cuts because Legionnaires who gathered for dramatic increases in need for the the 25th annual Washington case to their facilities are projected during the next Conference, March 4-6. Congressmen 15 years. In the eyes of many Legion- • Loss of Postal Subsidy — No funding naires, the three-day conference at the on Capitol Hill. is earmarked for the non-profit postal Sheraton-Washington was the final subsidy, which is of great importance preparation for the Legion's antici- to The American Legion and other pated fight on Capitol Hill to organizations. Loss of the save veterans benefits from subsidy will greatly increase the budget cuts. postal costs and reduce the Among the highlights of effectiveness of communica- the rally were a keynote ad- tion with millions of volun- dress by Secretary of De- teers within the Legion. fense Caspar Weinberger; a • Eliminating the Small Bus- presentation of the 1985 Dis- iness Administration — A tinguished Public Service proposal to eliminate the Award to Senate Majority Small Business Administra- Leader Jim Wright; and a tion is opposed by The Amer- discussion of the Strategic ican Legion, which argues Defense Initiative by that the loss of the SBA Dartmouth College Professor would hurt both the Ameri- Robert Jastrow. can economy and veterans. • Increasing VA Home Loan In defending his budget, FIVE-RING PERFORMANCE Donna deVarona, assistant to Fees proposal to add a 5 Weinberger cited the serious the president of ABC Sports, accepts the 1985 National Com- —A effects of cutting defense mander's Public Relations Award from Cdr. Bacon. percent origination fee to all costs in areas frequently VA loans is opposed by The suggested by critics: reducing military record of legislative leadership and American Legion on the grounds that pay and allowances; cutting opera- authorship of major legislation in the increase would cost veterans tional expenses; producing fewer or in- foreign relations, economic develop- $3,250 on the typical VA loan of ferior weapons; and reducing global ment, water conservation, education $65,000, and more than $14,000 in commitments to match resources. and energy." higher interest payments over the life "Military spending has never been ABC Sports won The American of a 12-percent loan. popular," Weinberger acknowledged, Legion National Commander's Public Legionnaires also were asked to so- "but we have to keep the faith and the Relations Award for its coverage of licit their representatives' support for belief of the young people who serve the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Legion mandates concerning: us so well, and we aren't going to do Angeles, which "reaffirmed to the • Child pornography laws that would that if we decide, because of various world America's pride and patriot- levy stricter penalties for child por- fiscal problems, that we have to cut ism and demonstrated America's un- nography, children's rights to innocu- their pay and allowances," he said. equalled creativity and flair. lations, medical services for children Jastrow, a physics professor in- Following are some of the major with catastrophic illnesses. volved in planning the Strategic De- legislative issues that the conferees • Youth employment. fense Initiative, praised SDI for its were urged to oppose during the meet- • Reducing violence and vandalism in importance to national security and ings with senators and congressmen. our nation's schools. told the Legion gathering that the • The Means Test — A proposal to im- • Reducing the recurring incidents of Anti-ballistic Missile Treaty was "the pose a means test for eligibility on all drug abuse, teen-age suicide and miss- backbone of MAD— mutually assured non-service-connected disabled veter- ing children. destruction — that guarantees to keep ans, regardless of age. The American • Maintaining a strong military re- the peoples of the United States and Legion opposes the concept because it tirement system. Soviet Union unprotected against nu- would create severe inequities and • The MX missile and the Strategic clear missiles." also could force elderly veterans to Defense Initiative. In presenting the public service convert life insurance and other non- • Chemical weapons development. award, National Commander Clarence fluid assets to cash if they want to • Foreign aid to Central America to M. Bacon cited Wright, a Legionnaire maintain VA eligibility. prevent the spread of communism. from Parker County Post 163, Weath- • VA Construction Cuts — A proposal • The extension of the veterans job erford, Texas, for "his outstanding to cut $157 million in VA replacement training programs.

JUNE 1985 27 BOYS STATE: 50 YEARS OF LEADERS

million Pioneer Camps being conducted by As a possible solution, Card related A Americans fascist organizers throughout the na- an experience he had while operating a have graduated tion. In these camps high school boys Boy Scout camp in northern Indiana. were taught that Republicanism had He had a large group of boys but a from this Legion outlived its usefulness and should be short supply of staff, so he had to de- replaced by a new form of govern- vise some method to properly police learning-by- ment — Fascism. the camp. He organized the camp as a doing school that Both Legionnaires agreed that in city and permitted the boys to elect a the face of this threat, some counter- mayor and city council. Appointments still molds the movement was necessary. were made to cover the offices of nations leaders of tomorrow.

month marks the 50th anniversary of Boys State — THISThe American Legion program that teaches the privileges and responsibilities of citizenship to the nation's youths. More than one million high school juniors nationwide have partici- pated in Boys State, where they learned that good citizenship means participation in government, sharing its burdens, protecting its good name and contributing to the richness of life in this land. "For most of the young men who participate in Boys State, it's their first direct exposure to politics and the political arena," said Dale Renaud, chairman of the National Americanism Commission. "In a sense, it's a politi- cal battleground where they can ex- press concern, develop commitment and learn compromise. And it's also an opportunity for The American Legion to impress on these young people just how great the United States is." This concern for youth development began at a 1934 Legion meeting at- tended by the late Hayes Kennedy, then the Illinois Department's Ameri- canism chairman and a professor at the Loyola School of Law, and his friend, the late Harold L. Card, a state Boy Scout chairman and a junior high school teacher in Taylorville, 111. Kennedy and Card were worried about the imminent threat of Young

BY DAWN'S EARLY LIGHT— To the "Star Spangled Banner," Illinois Premier Boys Staters start every day by raising Old Glory.

28 police, fire, health and sanitation. The boys became so enthusiastic about car- WHAT BOYS STATE MEANT TO ME rying out their city duties, they almost neglected their Scout assignments. From that experience developed the seeds of Boys State. Kennedy and I'll never forget the honor of being elected Boys Card believed they could muster ex- State governor. It taught me, even at that age, that ceptionally talented high school boys political leadership is easier to criticize than to from all over the state at a central site exercise." for a week's functional study of gov- Tom Brokaw (S.D.), NBC News Commentator ernment, supplemented by a series of lectures on the duties and respon- sibilities of citizenship. With the support of their depart- it Boys State exemplifies the fundamental truth of ment and months of tedious nation- this country: We are a good people, and if we tend wide promotion, Kennedy and Card to our institutions, we shall remain a great nation." helped gather 235 boys for the first Boys State in June 1935 at the Illinois Gerald T. Whelan (Neb.), Attorney State Fair Grounds in Springfield. The program was so successful that It provided firsthand experience about govern- the 1935 national convention incorpo- ment. In particular, that forming a point of view, ac- rated Boys State into the Legion's commodating diverse factions, persuading Americanism program, and from that and others to join forces are skills the heart point on Kennedy and Card spent at of politics at all levels." much of their time helping various state departments organize and plan Larry Pressler (S.D.), Senator their own Boys States. Today, 50 Departments and the Dis- trict of Columbia conduct Boys State, tit I gained a greater awareness of public service, and this year more than 28,000 boys and my participation inspired me to become in- will participate, continuing the half- volved in local, state and federal government. I feel century tradition of growth in gov- that Boys State helped shape my political career." ernment through education.

"Little has changed over the years James R. Jones (Okla.), Congressman in what the boys are exposed to during their participation," Renaud said. "Each boy becomes acquainted with Boys State taught me the necessity to elect able the rights and privileges of a citizen, and dedicated leaders to public office to assure the and has instilled in him a deep sense of continued strength and vitality of our democratic the duties obligations citi- and which form of government." zenship entails." Boys State programs vary from five William A. O'Neill (Conn.), Governor to eight days and are usually held on a college or university campus, a mili- ( 6 My experience both as a student and as a coun- tary installation, or in 4-H camps or selor reinforced my view that good citizenship re- state fairgrounds. quires effort, and that each of us has a part to play in making our democratic process work." are chosen to attend Boys in State one of two ways: John O. Mudd (Mont.), Dean, BoysSelection is made by high University of Montana Law School school officials of the school at which the eligible boys are en- rolled; or the school recom- OTHER BOYS STATE GRADS IN THE SPOTLIGHT mends several more boys than a sponsor has quotas for and the spon- Gov. Allen I. Olson, N.D. Lt. Gov. W. Val Oveson, Utah sor (either a Legion post or other Dr. Nicholas F. Sailese, N.Y. Dr. Joseph Allen, Ind. organization) then selects its repre- Justice H.F. Dierke, N.D. Atty. Gen. J.I. Lieberman, Conn. sentatives. Rep. John M. Burris, Del. Randy Revelle, Wash. King County Executive Upon their arrival, boys are as- Gov. Richard W. Riley, S.C. Sen. Max Baucus, Mont. signed to a mock political party and to Atty. Tim Futrell, Ky. Sec. of State Ed Simcox, Ind. a city within a county. Citizens of each David Mathews, Ala. President, The Charles F. Atty. Edmond J. Gong, Fla. city nominate members of their parties Kettering Foundaton Astronaut Neil A. Armstrong, to be candidates for the various city Cong. Bill Boner, Tenn. Ohio and county offices. Elections are held Atty. F. Ray Keyser Jr. Rex Adams, N.Y. with the citizens conducting their own Clarence Rappelyea, N.Y. Rhodes Scholar voter registration and the actual bal- Minority Leader, Assembly, N.Y. RAdm. Charles R. Larson, Neb. loting. Election boards serve at city, Continued on page 50

JUNE 1985 29 on, but I just can't part with them." OUR READERS RESPOND Maybe it's easier to part with them in those families that receive more than one subscription. If two or more members of a family receive the mag- azine each month, they can designate USING THE MAGAZINE that the extra subscriptions be sent to a person or institution of their choice. It's a good way to make a friend and publicize the Legion at no cost. National Headquarters is ready to assist you, too. If your personal TO SPREAD THE WORD monthly copy is not enough, you can obtain magazines in bulk, and at spe- cial discount rates. We can also help Here are some of posts, districts and departments in the innovative their promotional efforts by supplying free copies in bulk. Surplus copies are ways you are using limited, however. Complimentary subscriptions are your magazine available to any VA facility requesting to introduce them, or a post can request a sub- scription on behalf of a VA facility. others to The Moreover, posts may purchase dis- counted subscriptions for distribution American Legion. to schools, hospitals, libraries and other public-service institutions. Spe- cial subscription rates are available, you imagine a group of nuns too, for members of the Legion family, huddling together one evening especially surviving spouses. For ad- ditional information on obtaining extra CANand chuckling over the jokes in the Parting Shots page of The copies, write to: The American Legion American Legion Magazine? Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 At least one reader, Virgil J. Kappes of Indianapolis, Ind., As the national organization's show- says he can. case, the magazine reflects the Legion's current programs, plans and Kappes is one of the many Legion- policies for a strong America. It also naires who responded to the question, is often taken home by younger folks can be an effective emissary of recruit- "What do you do with your American who enjoy reading it." ing. As one reader said, "To know the Legion Magazine?," which was asked in Other readers give them to friends, Legion, is to join the Legion." Won't the March editors' column titled, "Help drop them off at barber shops or place help someone to better the Spread The Word!" them in school and public libraries. you know Legion today by helping to spread the Kappes collects magazines and deliv- One reader leaves them at barracks with your copy of The American ers them to the VA hospital, a nursing dayrooms at a nearby military base word — home and another Indianapolis hospital. where "there are several potential Legion Magazine? He also sends Parting Shots to his Legion members." Another Legion- daughter, a Catholic nun and school naire ensures that the reception rooms teacher in Oklahoma City. "I could and library at a nurses' training center imagine those nuns getting a chuckle in the Philippines are never without out of Parting Shots," he wrote. a copy of the magazine. By far the most popular method Patricia Beaumont of Sebeka, Minn., used by Legionnaires to spread the an Auxiliary member and Legion- word is leaving copies of the magazine naire's wife, said she takes their copy at the clinics, waiting rooms and day- to school where she teaches junior and rooms of VA and public hospitals. senior high school social studies. "You Sebastian Esposito of Leetonia, might be surprised to see how many Ohio, leaves the magazine at his doc- times Legion articles appear in bib- tor's office as well. He reminds fellow liographies of students' research pa- Legionnaires that each "hospital has a pers, particularly those on World War number of waiting rooms, and pa- I and World War II," she wrote. She tients' families and friends spend a lot said she has a collection of Legion of time in these rooms, very few hav- magazines that dates back to the '60s. ing TV sets to watch." Perhaps, the wriest letter came W. C. and Wilma Yale of Sioux from C. J. "Dutch" Lightbody of Falls, S.D., wrote that they have been Ocala, Fla., who wrote, "I hate to taking their copy of the Legion maga- admit it, but I have an accumulation of zine to a local laundromat for several 20 years of The American Legion years because the owner tells them "it Magazine. I have wanted to pass them

30 —

A LEGION PRIORITY: WINNING THE WAR ON DRUGS

Education and awareness are basic weapons in a Legion battle to keep childrenfrom using illegal drugs.

ARE in danger of los- "Children and Youth on the Rocks"

ing a whole generation of Snorting . . . pill popping . . . main-

children to the drug cul- lining . . . smoking pot . . . deserve WEture. "The prevention of attention, but there is one other drug drug abuse by youth is of problem — in fact it's the number one great concern to both my drug problem in the United States husband and me," said alcohol abuse. Nancy Reagan, the President's wife. More and more of the nation's She spoke about the more than one- youngsters are being washed up on third of American children who use the rocks of life by waves of beer, illegal drugs, according to a report by wine and hard liquor. the National Volunteer Agency, Are American parents to blame? ACTION. The report said that never The report of the 1960 White House before have so many young people Conference on Children & Youth anywhere in the world used stated: "Most youngsters get their marijuana, alcohol and other drugs on first drink in their own homes from such a large scale. their own parents." Even more appal- And they are starting younger. The ling, the conference discovered, is that average age of youngsters taking some parents seem relieved to hear drugs and/or alcohol has dropped to their children have turned to alcohol 11.6 years, which means 6th and 7th instead of to other types of drugs. graders are using them. PREVENTION: The best cure for drugs. Marijuana" Parents must take the offensive to "Parents' Guide to raise their levels of awareness and Marijuana is a clear and present "To Prevent Drug Abuse" educate themselves about this critical threat to our youth. The danger will problem, ACTION said — an approach "An ounce of prevention is worth a increase if stronger varieties of the The American Legion has been taking pound of cure," still holds true, and drug, such as hashish, are smuggled for some time now. the best way to stop drug abuse is by into the country in greater amounts. American Legion posts have an im- prevention. It's a simple concept, but Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the portant role in the offensive against it requires constant work and atten- active ingredient in the resin of the drug abuse, especially as it affects the tion to be successful. Prevention is a marijuana plant, can be manufactured lives of the nation's youngsters. In an- positive process that requires a basic in a laboratory. As a hallucinogen, nouncing that drug abuse prevention understanding and strong commitment with its accompanying mental would be one of its three objectives for from parents. If children grow up with changes, liquid THC may prove more the 1984-85 year, the Legion's Na- love and security, if they can express potent than LSD. The possibilities of tional Commission on Children & themselves freely, are realistic yet bootleg production and availability of Youth pointed out that the basic optimistic about their abilities, and can THC are imminent. weapon in the fight is education. make sound decisions, they probably Through its Children & Youth Pro- The American Legion previously will never become dependent upon gram, The American Legion and its developed several brochures address- drugs or even try them. posts must take a stand to fight, to ing specific drug abuse problems: To keep their children from becom- care, to save youths. There is much to Paraphernalia laws, alcohol abuse, ing involved with drugs, parents be done. The Legion's materials pro- trafficking, marijuana, parental and should provide: Love and affection as vide many suggestions that, if applied, adult influence . . . and indifference. children grow; consistent and fair dis- may have a positive effect on post To assist Legion posts and Auxiliary cipline; open channels for feelings and communities and their youngsters. units in implementing drug and alcohol thoughts; opportunities for successful An initial distribution of these abuse prevention programs, three bro- experiences at home and school; a brochures has been made to depart- chures —"To Prevent Drug Abuse," stable family atmosphere; tolerance of ments for further distribution to posts. "Children and Youth on the Rocks" and their mistakes; models of strong and A limited number of copies is available "Parents' Guide to Marijuana"— have thoughtful adults; and accurate infor- by writing The Americanism, Children been developed. Here is a brief sum- mation about the numerous problems and Youth Division, P.O. Box 1055, mary of these publications. of growing up today. Indianapolis, Ind., 46206

JUNE 1985 31 —

LEGION NEWS

Bacon Cites Need for Special Panel

here is a clear need for the methods of promoting mutual under- Bacon reinforced the Legion position U.S. government to ap- standing and cooperation. that the United States should continue point a national bipartisan Bacon reaffirmed the Legion's posi- trying to influence the Guatemalan T commission on North tion after examining firsthand issues government to evolve toward a demo- America," said National Commander of interest to the Legion during his cratic orientation while providing im- Clarence M. Bacon after returning trip. In Monterrey, Mexico, he partic- proved political, economic and social from a seven-day trip to Mexico, ipated in a "Roundtable Meeting" with conditions for the people. Guatemala and Panama. Consul General Martin Heflin, mem- While in Panama, Bacon held dis- At its meeting last fall, The Ameri- bers of his staff and several prominent cussions with U.S. Ambassador can Legion's National Executive American and Mexican businessmen. Everett Ellis Briggs; Dennis P. Committee proposed establishing such In Mexico City, the embassy staff McAuliffe, administrator of the a commission with the mission of es- provided Bacon with a detailed Panama Canal Commission; Lt. Gen. timating likely future developments in assessment of the political, economic John R. Galvin, commander-in-chief of North America, including Mexico and and national security situations in U.S. Southern Command; and several Canada. The commission also would be Mexico and their effects on U.S.- Panamanian officials. The discussions responsible for recommending long- Mexican relations. Bacon also con- centered on the systematic turnover of term solutions to key problems, pro- ducted informal discussions with sev- the Panama Canal to the Panamanian cedures for developing and implement- eral Mexican officials. government, which is to be completed ing U.S. policy for North America and During his brief in stay Guatemala, by the year 2000. .

Win a Caribbean 'PAUSE FOR THE PLEDGE' URGED National Commander Clarence M. the National Flag Day Foundation in Cruise for Two Bacon is asking Legionnaires to take 1980 to promote the Pause for the the lead in observing Honor America Pledge. At the Fall Meetings in Octo- Imagine warm water rippling weeks (June 14-July 4) and place spe- ber 1984, the National Executive toward a clean sandy beach while cial emphasis on Flag Day with a Committee passed Resolution 31 to emerald-green palm fronds sway nationwide Pause for the Pledge. officially support the event. gently from the caress of a soft "At seven p.m. on June 14, I will be The 21-day Honor America period tropical breeze. It all can be yours joining millions of Americans in a re- was designated as a period during ... if you're good at selling. sounding recitation of the Pledge of which the people of the nation "can The National Membership and Allegiance," said Cdr. Bacon. celebrate and honor their country in Post Activities Committee devel- The American Legion joined with an appropriate manner." oped the idea for the 1986 national membership awards program. Under the program, the nation's top new-member recruiter will be named the "National Membership Recruiter of the Year," and receive an expense-paid trip to the 1986 National Convention in Cincinnati. Recruiter and spouse also will re- ceive an expense-paid trip to the Caribbean for a seven-day cruise. The second-place recruiter will be awarded a home entertainment center with color television, stereo and videocassette recorder. These are just some of the incen- tives offered to recognize and em- phasize performance in membership recruitment. ASSAULT Described as the most revolutionary improvement in am- Additional information on mem- NEW CRAFT phibious landing craft since World War II, the Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC), bership recruiting awards will be which is in production, rides above the land or water on a cushion of air and can included in your August issue. reach 60-plus mph while carrying 150 combat-loaded Marines. The LCACs can safely traverse mud flats, ditches and marshlands.

32 •THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

VETERANS ADVISER Do you have questions concerning your veterans' benefits? The American Legion Magazine will answer as many as possible in this column. We regret that we are unable to provide a per- sonal response to each query. Write to The American Legion Magazine, Vet- erans Adviser Editor, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

Q. The VA recently rated me 100 percent service-connected disabled. I am a military retiree. Is there an advantage to waiving my military retirement pay in order to receive VA compensation? A Yes, if your military retirement pay is based on length of service FOR GOD AND COUNTRY Strong patriotism combined with the Legion Preamble, rather than on disability. VA compen- part of which states, "To foster and perpetuate a one-hundred-percent Americanism," sation for a service-connected dis- motivated Past Georgia Dept. Cdr. J. Dean Mahaffey to hand-paint a 10-foot-long flag ability is tax exempt, while military on the outside wall of Columbus Post 35, facing heavily traveled U.S. Highway 27. retirement pay based on length of service remains subject to tax.

ORATORICAL CHAMPION CHOSEN Q» Are military personnel who were assigned to embassy guard wen Connolly, sponsored by develop a deeper knowledge and under- ^^^y duty in Iran and subsequently held M Post 288 of Cedarburg, standing of the U.S. Constitution, build prisoner in Iran considered to be THT Wis., has been selected as leadership, acquire the ability to think prisoners of war? the 1985 American Legion and speak clearly and intelligently, and Yes. The term "former prisoner High School Oratorical Champion. to be aware of their duties, respon- A of war" included veterans who, Connolly captured the $16,000 first sibilities, rights and privileges as Amer- while on active duty during peacetime, place prize by defeating three other ican citizens. were forcibly detained or interned by state champions at the finals of the government, its agents or a American Legion's National High a foreign hostile force, if the circumstances of School Oratorical Contest held April No AIDS in the internment were comparable to 19 at Drake University, Des Moines, wartime internments. Iowa. Her topic, "My 1984," dealt with Giving Blood a comparison of general life-styles Posts faced with dwindling sup- today with those discussed in George Q» I am a widow receiving depend- Orwell's book, "1984." port for their blood donor programs ency and indemnity compensation Anne-Marie Deitering, sponsored by because of widespread publicity on (DIC). My rate of payment is based Post 122 of Canby, Ore., earned $14,000 acquired immune deficiency on my deceased husband's WWII in the for second place; third place and $10,000 (AIDS), may find some relief pay grade of E-3. Why isn't my DIC went to Christopher P. Jordan, spon- recent statement by the U.S. sur- payment based on his higher re- sored by Pou-Parrish Post 132 of geon general: tired Army Reserve pay grade of Smithfield, N.C.; and Brian Domitrovic "Medical scientists have always CWO-4? known that donating blood has of Post 305, Wilkinsburg, Pa., won A Your DIC payment is based on $8,000 for fourth spot. nothing to do with AIDS. Giving the highest rank held for at least Fifty-two departments, including the blood is absolutely safe. There is no six months while on active duty. Your District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, way that a donor can contract husband's years in the Army Reserve France and Mexico, participated in the AIDS or any other disease by giv- are considered to be for training pur- contest. The annual event, which began ing a pint of blood." poses only. in 1938, helps high school students

JUNE 1985 33 —

POST OF THE MONTH

Ellig-Stoufer Post 31, Fort Smith, Ark. A Wellspring of Leadership

BEING selected Post of the "New Member Recruiter" award. He member of the policy committee, three Month, some posts have earned the personally signed up 86 new members executive committeemen, three dis- honor for their membership drives, and has recruited more than 1,000 trict commanders, two district vice INsome for community involvement members and signed up hundreds of commanders and three department or youth programs, and still others renewals in the past 10 years. vice commanders. for their leadership. Another is Bill McGrew. Under his Why so much leadership from one "However, Ellig-Stoufer Post 31, leadership as Area 3 vice president of post? "We do a tremendous job selling Fort Smith, Ark., has changed all the National American Legion Press the post," McQuain said. "When we re- that," said one member of the Post of Association (NALPA) Area 3 achieved cruit and work in our community, we do the Month selection committee. "It ex- the highest membership in its history. so professionally. The men wear suits; cels in all areas." This, along with his love for history to the ladies wear the dress equivalent. Calling itself "the post of yesterday, And we attract professional people. today and tomorrow," Post 31 has ar Additionally, members maintain enviable record of accomplishments Orren Welch has strong community ties through volun- because of a wellspring of talented, teer projects that include buying dedicated members. personally signed up books, televisions, magazines and Marty McQuain is one example. A newspapers for veterans in local VA decorated World War II Army veteran 86 new members hospitals; making shoes, lap robes, and post adjutant for the past 11 years, and recruited 1,000 cast booties, ditty bags and other McQuain is the first woman in Arkan- items for veterans in nursing homes sas, and one of the few in the nation's in the past 10 years. and the housebound; awarding JROTC history, to earn honorary life member- scholarships; sponsoring five baseball ship in ANAVICUS, an award given by teams; and sponsoring 40 to 50 Boys Canada to the most outstanding military record the deeds of post and department State delegates annually. veteran in the United States. Legionnaires, helped elect him Arkan- The Auxiliary also sponsors a "Good McQuain's contributions are just sas Department Historian for a fourth Neighbor Pantry" that furnishes cloth- part of Post 31's success story that has term. He also was elected president of ing and bedding to veterans. carried it to an all-time high member- the National Association of Department Helping those in need is a calling ship of 1,407 to maintain it as the sec- Historians, elected to the executive vigorously pursued by each Legion- ond largest post in Arkansas. committee of NALPA and serves as the naire, especially Ray Evans, post Throughout its 66-year history, the post public relations chairman. service officer. Last year he handled post has earned a reputation as a pro- McQuain, Welch and McGrew are 27,923 cases, and helped 462 veterans ductive "up and comer" through its just the tip of an industrious post find jobs or enter vocational training. highly motivated members. membership that over the past three Last year, Post 31 donated $12,900 Among the most motivated is "go years has furnished its department to various community and veterans getter" Orren Welch, who for the with a commander, three vice com- causes, and donated more than 8,000 eighth consecutive year has won the manders, a four-term historian, a hours of volunteer time, equal to four years worth of 40-hour weeks. "Much of our success is due to Post Commander Carl W. Manuel who ini- tiated many of our programs," said McQuain. "He's a true leader." Fort Smith Mayor William J. Vines, who frequently attends post activities, said, "I'm very much in favor of what The American Legion stands for." "Post 31 is the best civic organization in the community. If ever you need a post of the year, make it Post 31." "When we look back at what we've achieved," McQuain said, "we do so with a general feeling of appreciation to those who began our post, and built the foun- dation upon which we flourish today. We pray that we can continue to justify even better DEDICATION Cdr. Manuel is interviewed by a local television reporter during the their efforts by achieving an opening of the Post 31 Boy Scout house. record of accomplishments."

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ,

LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION

A heart-lung transplant needed by a local 6-year-old child galvanized Legionnaires of Irwin-Easley Post 118, Cassville, Mo., into LEGIONNAIRE action to help raise the required $350,000. Besides lending its auditorium and grounds for community-wide fund-raisers, the post itself donated $2,500. OF THE MONTH Rescuing a 50-year-old landmark was a recent accom- plishment of Colin F. Schultz Post 318, Lake Tomahawk, Wis. The Lake Tomahawk town hall, rapidly approaching its final days because of age, was saved by post members who raised funds to completely refurbish the building and turn it into the new post home and community social center.

Initiative Of the day award goes to George Craig, commander of Pvt. Peter S. Hotalen Post 157, Branchville, N.J., who started a SAL program that quickly garnered 15 members, recruited 10 new Legionnaires for his post, and reinstituted the post newsletter after a 10-year hiatus.

Dedication on the move is: Richard J. Price, Richman Memorial Post 661, Cleveland, who for the past 25 years has organized the post flag detail and firing squad memorial services at Lakeview Cemetery; Cdr. Dalmacio Recaido, Leyte Post 625, San Diego, who won three consecutive Herbert L. Jackson trophies for achieving the highest number of paid-up district members, and for recruiting nine new Legionnaires; Dan Morris, St. Louis Police Post 187, who sweet it is! motivated fellow members to buy eight television sets for the local VA hospital; That's what the 1,700 towns- and Griswold-Terry-Glbver Post 803, Southold, N.Y., which raised $1,008 for HOWfolk of Moweaqua, 111., said the Statue of Liberty Restoration Fund. about the sweet corn grown by 40-year Legionnaire Herbert from nearby Macon. One flag over Kansas. In 1945 Reba Morrow flew L. Jackson Jackson grew five acres of a special flag in a window of her McPherson, Kan., home to pay corn especially for Moweaqua's first homage to members of her family serving their country. Forty American Legion Sweet Corn Festi- years later the flag still flies, according to Reba's brother, val, an event that generated $2,500 to Byron, Post 24, McPherson. Now at the home of a sister in build a post roof. Although Jackson Bakersfield, Calif., the framed flag continues its patriotic odyssey orchestrated most of the event, he with a bronze plaque portraying the names of five brothers, two credited the festival's success to fellow sisters and three brothers-in-law who served their country. Post 3 Legionnaires. "They helped harvest and cook the corn," he said. Adieu, bon voyage, aloha, good-bye and thanks for the The WWII Army veteran has always minded and regarded memories to award-winning editor Bruce Penny of North Seattle Post 112, been community highly throughout his community as "a who retired after 15 years as editor of the Washington Legionnaire. During his man to ride the river with." Jackson is tenure Penny won writing or editorial awards virtually every year in the Na- a deacon in his church, a volunteer tional American Legion Press Association contests and continues to serve on the fireman, a farm cooperative adviser, National American Legion Magazine Commission; and to "drummer boy" Jack and the driving force behind the town's Morrison, Auburn Post 78, Renton, Wash., who beat his last "rat-a-tat-tat" annual tractor pull contests. after 35 years as a nationally recognized championship parade drummer. He As a Legionnaire, the Illinois native began drumming with the Washington delegation at the National Convention in has held nearly every elected position, 1950, and throughout his career earned 1 1 individual and four corps state cham- including 1 year as post commander; pionship titles. 16 as adjutant; 5 as service officer; and 5 as Shelby County commander, vice Beware! You're being watched. commander and adjutant. He cur- rently serves as post service officer, Shield L. Bozeman III, a Cub Scout supported by and devotes considerable time to post Macon, Ga., proposed a unique Legion Post 3, membership drives. approach to enhance crime prevention efforts: billboards Moweaqua Mayor Harold Lamb Sr. with eyes. After his idea was accepted by the Macon said, "Jackson is a man any community City Council and with help from Legionnaires, police, would be proud of. I'm thankful to newspaper, and council members, his design appeared have him in ours." on eight billboards.

JUNE 1985 35 —

FILES IN SERVICE

The American Legion Magazine Commission Opening a 'Window to the World'

American Legion Maga- zine today "is the main channel THEof communication between the national organization and its 2.6 million members, and is the Legion's window to the world," said Milford A. For- rester, Magazine Commission chairman. "The American Legion does not view its magazine as a house organ that offers a pleasing look at itself in the mirror, but as a driving force on the American scene; a voice of Legion service to God and Country. "The American Legion Magazine aims to be "THE Magazine For A Strong America," Forrester said. "And by that we mean not only a strong national defense but also a strong economy, a strong social order and, above all, a strong people." EDITORIAL STRATEGY Chairman Milford Forrester, right, and Publisher Jim Sites Forrester said there's a good chance coordinate plans for future issues of The American Legion Magazine. that many Legionnaires who attended the 1926 National Convention are markets for 1985, The American In the ensuing years, the magazine's nodding their heads in approval each Legion Magazine is now rated 12th by editors and publishers reported on month as the mailman delivers their the Writer's Digest. In 1983 the thousands of issues of national concern Legion magazines. Legion magazine ranked 35th and in and topics that provided wholesome, "It was that convention, based on 1984, 24th, on the same list. entertaining, family-type reading. the groundwork provided by the 1922 Forrester pointed out that the mag- Maintaining that legacy of profes- convention, that directed that the azine's stature was not attained over- sional quality today is an editorial, magazine 'shall be built into an in- night or even in just a few years. advertising and circulation staff stitution of public service — not alone "The magazine began as a weekly on of 30 men and women headed by for The American Legion, but for all July 4, 1919, following the May 1919 Publisher/Editor-in-Chief James N. Americans — which shall be one of the St. Louis Caucus when our founders Sites and Assistant Publisher/Editor enduring monuments of this organiza- resolved that Legionnaires should Daniel S. Wheeler, under the super- tion.' I think the American Legion have their own publication — a non- vision and direction of The American Magazine today represents exactly partisan, non-sectional champion of Legion Magazine Commission. The what those 1926 conventioneers Americanism that would offer the commission, with Forrester as chair- envisioned," Forrester said. Legion's viewpoint on vital issues man, has 22 members, including a Forrester cited current statistics on touching the lives of all Americans." National Commander's representative, the magazine to support his claim. Ac- Displayed on the magazine cover was two consultants and four liaison cording to the Audit Bureau of Circu- a cablegram from Gen. John J. "Black members from The National Exec- lations, The American Legion Maga- Jack" Pershing, who praised the Ameri- utive Committee. zine is ranked 22 of 145 leading U.S. can Legion Weekly as a medium of com- "We know the magazine is a national magazines in total paid circulation, ex- munication that would more closely unite showcase for the whole organization," ceeding such newsstand mainstays as the already strong bonds of comradeship said James V. Kissner, commission U.S. News & World Report, Sports among Legionnaires. vice chairman. "And we intend to keep Afield, Vogue and Esquire. In Folio's During its early years, the Legion's improving it as the major communica- top 10 "fastest growing consumer newborn link of communication with tion vehicle of all Legionnaires." Kiss- magazines by total revenue in the $10 its vastly dispersed members enjoyed ner said the magazine should stimulate to $15 million category," the magazine an impressive string of successes, but Legionnaires to greater participation ranked fourth. eventually fell victim to that eternal in activities at all levels, and should The magazine is steadily increasing problem of publishing — rising pro- serve as a platform for the exchanges its reputation as a highly professional duction costs. Thus, it was changed in of ideas among its readers. general-interest magazine as well. In a 1926 to a monthly magazine, which it Members of the commission often list of the top 100 free-lance writers' has remained ever since. refer to a recent independent reader-

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — —

ship survey that shows that virtually "That's not an easy job when you con- all Legionnaires read their magazine sider that the Legion membership repre- each month, with the average reader sents a great cross-section of the men spending slightly more than an hour and women of America, all having their reading each issue. According to the own likes and dislikes. But we have one survey, the "Big Issues" column, thing going for us. We all share a seri- featuring two members of Congress ous concern for the welfare of com- debating issues- of national concern munity, state and nation. each month, is one of the most widely "The national Magazine read items in the magazine. Since Commission believes we are 1957, when it first appeared in the publishing an artistically pleas- magazine as "Pro and Con," said Sites, ing product that appeals who was instrumental in developing to the vast majority of it, "the column has provided a forum our readers," Forrester through which 400 members of Con- said. "We keep in mind gress have shared their views with that the magazine mainstream America. Furthermore, reaches a cohesive seg- each issue features statements and in- PRINTING The magazine Is stitched In ment of Americans that sights of leaders from government and the printing bindery. It takes 10 days to can significantly influ- industry about vital public policy is- print and bind each Issue. ence national attitudes sues of our time." on major issues." The National Finance Commission fers, and they do it with a remark- annually allocates a portion of each ably high degree of accuracy." Legionnaire's membership dues to As one of America's leading publi- help finance the magazine. Currently cations, the magazine, said Forrester, the allocation is $2.50 per year per is responsible for projecting the Amer- person for production and distribution, ican Legion's policies on current af- including mailing costs. The remaining fairs; supporting American ideals of $1.50 per member that it costs to pro- government, life and living; and pro- duce the magazine is developed through viding current information on Legion the sale of national advertising. programs locally and nationally. The magazine's complex production Special attention today is given to requirements can baffle the unini- issues or topics of importance that tiated. While the magazine is written, often are not clearly defined in other edited and designed at National Head- media. For example, the magazine quarters in Indianapolis, it is printed was quoted extensively by national in Atlanta, Ga. Printing the magazine media when it published a three-part each month requires more than 300 series on Agent Orange, and it re- tons of paper and two giant presses ceived similar national attention last that run day and night for eight December for its reports by all four straight days. Some 10,000 pounds of living Presidents on how to achieve ink are used in the monthly printing. world peace. After binding, the 2.6 million copies of "All things considered," said For- the magazine leave the plant in 30 rester, "the controlling thought is to semi-transports bound for mail distri- ensure that the magazine's editorial bution points throughout the United balance will meet the approval of the States and other parts of the world. great majority of our readers. "An integral part of the production process is the tremendous task of ensuring timely, monthly delivery of the magazine to each reader," Wheeler said. "In accomplishing this feat, circu- lation employees each month process an average of 25,000 postal returns, 17,000 pieces of correspondence, 20,000 address changes, 3,000 undeliv- erable magazines and 2,500 post trans-

VIP AUTHORS These national figures, Including the four living Presidents, have contributed articles to the magazine,

JUNE 1985 1 1 1

Womack Dr., Colorado Springs, CO 80915 (303) 596- Box 278, Pioneer, OH 43554 (419) 737-2418 OUTFIT REUNIONS 3369 238th Engrs. (C) Bn. Assn. (July-York, PA) Jesse Miller, 38th Engr. Regt. (Sept-Greensboro, NC) Blair Daily, 116 756 Greendale Rd., York, PA 17403 (717) 854-5169 Beverely PI., Greensboro, NC 27403 (919) 299-8397 239th Engr. Constr. Bn. (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Robert Guidelines — Outfit Reunions are published for Legion- 37th Dlv. Vets Assn. (Aug-Cleveland) 37th Div. Vets McGee, 440 Glynson St. N.E., Vienna, VA 22180 (703) naires only. You must include your American Legion mem- Assn., 65 S. Front St., Rm. 707, Columbus, OH 43215 938-6946 bership card number when submitting notices (please (614) 228-3788 249th QM Bn. (Aug-Pittsburgh) Arthur Morris, 910 Bryn print). Notices must be received at least seven months be- 44th Engr. Combat Bn. Assn. (Aug-Asheville, NC) Albert Mawr Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15219 (412) 682-0498 fore reunions are scheduled and will be published on a Cline, Box 501, Gaffney, SC 29342 (803) 489-6528 267th QM Baking Co. (Sept-Houston) Jack Palmer, 1968 first-come, first-served basis. Mail to: Outfit Reunions, The 50th Gen. Hospital (Aug-Burlington, NC) James Mundy, Middle Bellville Rd., Mansfield, OH 44904 (419) 756- American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Box 642, Graham, NC 27253 (919) 226-5220 2558

IN 46206 60th Engrs. (C) Bn., 35th Inf. Div. (Oct-Lake George, 276th AFA Bn. (Aug-Memphis, TN) Frank Whisnant, Rt. NY) Jack LaBarge, Box 33, Waterford, NY 12188 (518) 1, Box 57, Union Mills, NC 28167 (704) 287-4093 237-6796 279th Combat Engrs. WWII (Aug- Baltimore) John Pet- 67th Evac. Hospital WWII (Sept-Tulsa, OK) W.W. Little- rush, 1238 S. 48th St., Baltimore, MD 21222 (301) 285- Army ton, Box 38, Copan, OK 74022 (918) 532-4787 0918

69th Inf. Dlv. (Aug-Williamsburg, VA) Clarence Marshall, 282nd F.A. Bn. (Aug-Corbin, KY) Airy Wyatt, Rt. 1, Box 1st Bn., 152nd Inf., 38th Dlv. (IN Nat'l Gd) WWII (July- 101 Stephen St., New Kensington, PA 15068 (412) 335- 550, Corbin, KY 40701 (606) 528-4613 Jasper, IN) Alan Stephens, 2842 Wahoo Dr., New 3224 297th General Hospital (Aug-Chicago) Louis Rypel, 5258 Albany, IN 47150 (812) 944-0400 84th Airdrome Sq. WWII (Oct-LaGrange, GA) Paul Mitch- Henderson St., Chicago, IL 60641 (312) 725-2727 1st Engr. Spec. Brigade, 531st Engr. Shore Regt. (Oct- ell, Gen. Del., Pine Mountain, GA 31824 (404) 628-4940 297th Ordnance HM Co. (1944-45) (Sept.) Omar Morin, Springfield, MA) Richard Ready, 84 Selwyn St., Roslin- 87th Inf. Dlv. (Golden Acorn) (Sept-Cherry Hill, NJ) 6485 Seminole Dr., Lantana, FL 33462 dale, MA 02131 (617) 325-0369 Gladwin Pascuzzo, 2374 N. Dundee Ct., Highland, Ml 301st Signal Oper. Bn. (Sept-King of Prussia, PA) Mat- 2nd Bn., 136th Inf. Regt. (Sept.-Fermington Hills, Ml) 48031 (313) 887-9005 thew Severino, 1516 S. 12th St., Philadelphia, PA 19147 Wesley DeQuin, 3351 Cummings, Royal Oak, Ml 48072 91st Chemical Mortar Bn. (Oct-Chariton, IA) Lester Rem- (215) 463-4371 (313) 288-9561 ster, Box 157, Chariton, IA 50049 (515) 774-5585 305th Signal Oper. Bn. (Sept-Europe) Marty Greenberg, 3rd Bn., 166th Inf., 37th Div. WWII (Oct-Hattiesburg, MS) 92nd Med. Gas Treatment Bn., 3rd U.S. Army, ETO 17606 Montero Rd., San Diego, CA 92128 (619) 487- Clyde Justice, 2629 S. 3rd St., Ironton, OH 45638 (614) (July-Cincinnati) James DeLong, 31 City Hall St., SE, 5882 532-1918 Massillon, OH 44646 (216) 832-9447 324th Inf., 44th Div. WWII (Aug-lndianapolis) Jim Page, 3rd Engrs. (Schofleld Barracks, HI, T.H. 1936) (Aug- 93rd Arm'd F.A. Bn. WWII (June-Southgate, Ml) Robert 406 Seneca Dr., Dover, OH 44622 (216) 343-1619 Altoona, PA) Charles Rutter, 213 E. Cherry Ave., Mills, 13856 Bringard St., Detroit, Ml 48205 (313) 371- 327th QM Supply Co. (Aug-Kearney, NE) Manuel Hough- Altoona, PA 16601 (814) 944-7541 4027 ton, 2320 Wildwood Ln„ Manhattan, KS 66502 3rd Field Hospital WWII (Sept-Ft. Wayne, IN) Robert 94th Inf. Dlv. Assn. (July-Pittsburgh) Ross Jordan, 1415 343rd General Hospital (Aug-Waterloo, NY) Ray Porter, Sweigart, 307 W. Market St., Rockford, OH 45882 (419) Orion Rd., Batavia, IL 60510 (312) 879-7157 Co. Rd. 150, Box 190B, Interlaken, NY 14847 (607) 363-2089 97th Signal Bn. WWII (Sept-Warsaw, IN) Maynard Ring, 532-481 3rd Gen. Hospital WWII (Aug-Louisville, KY) Jay Seals, 404 Auditorium Blvd., Winona Lake, IN 46590 (219) 344th Ord. Depot Co. (Sept-Thunder Bay, Can.) Leroy 209 Stewart Ave., Rossville, IL 60963 (217) 748-6718 267-5860 Rodda, 531 Jackson St., Eveleth, MN 55734 (218) 744- 3rd Inf. Dlv. (Sept-Tampa, FL) John Cole, 2350 Middle- 101st C.A. AA Bn. (July-Atlanta) Lee Johnson, 1444 2093 coff Dr., Dunedin, FL 33528 (813) 733-2746 Baracoa Ave., Coral Gables, FL 33146 (305) 666-3025 352nd C.A. Searchlight Bn. (Oct-Texarkana, TX) Tommy 3rd Inf. Regt. (Old Guard) (Sept-Ft. Snelling, MN) L.W. 103rd Dlv. (July-Hot Springs, AR) Harvey Ellsworth, 8240 Tooke, 1119 Richmond Rd., Texarkana, TX 75503 (214) Heien, 941 129th Ln. N.E., Blaine, MN 55434 (612) 757- Moreland Rd., Jerome, Ml 49249 793-551 1796. 104th Inf. Dlv. WWII (Tlmberwolf) (Aug-lndependence, 377th Harbor Craft (Sept-Bessemer, AL) Kenneth Wheel- 4th Arm'd Dlv. Assn. (July-Columbia, SC) Samuel OH) Fran Haas, 1965 Winchester, Lyndhurst, OH 44124 er, Rt. 1, Box 51 6A, Adams, NY 13605 (315) 232-2702 Schenker Sr., 2440 Victoria Dr., Sharon, PA 16146 (216) 461-0863 389th Port Bn. Transp. Corps (Sept-Callicoon, NY) Rus- (412) 981-3988 105th AAA AW Bn. Assn. (June-Lafayette, LA) Margaret sell Carl, 710 Chimes Rd., Paramus, NJ 07652 (201) 4th Cavalry Assn. (Sept-St. Paul, MN) Mike Loberg, Box Baker, Rt. 1, Box 276A, Strasburg, OH 44680 (216) 445-9771 416, Annandale, MN 55302 (612) 274-5422 878-5080 456th MP Escort Guard (Aug-Terre Haute, IN) Von Funk,

5th QM Co., 5th Inf. Div. ( Sept-Owens boro, KY) David 106th Cavalry Vets (June-Champaign, IL) Edward Hess, Box 1510, Fruitland Park, FL 32731 (904) 728-1187 Stanley, 1612 N. Roosevelt, Evansville, IN 47711 (812) 1409 N. Champaign St., Champaign, IL 61820 (217) 464th Engr. Depot Co. (New Guinea, Japan) (Sept- 477-0935 356-5090 Altoona, PA) Joe Simala, 210 Center Ave. N.W., Cres- 7th F.A. Assn. (Oct-Orlando, FL) Bob Denis, 34 Butternut 106th Inf. Dlv. Assn. (July-Morgantown, WV) Ted Straub, son, PA 16630 (814) 886-2878 Ln., Methuen, MA 01844 (617) 688-5722 948 Chestnut Ridge Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505 (304) 466th AAA Bn., (N.E. Chapter) (July) William Brown, 25 7th Machine Records Unit (Oct-Rosslyn, VA) Robert 599-4450 Trask St., Providence, Rl 02905 (401) 941-3340 Adams, 3124 N. Inglewood St., Arlington, VA 22207 107th Engr. Bn. & Regt., 254th Engr. Bn., 522nd Engr. 471st Antl Aircraft Bn. (Sept.) Sylvester Bales, 2942 (703) 538-2763 Co. (Aug-Baraga, Ml) Ed Vickstrom, Box 390, Ishpem- Hwy. D, Kewaskum, Wl 53040 (414) 626-2607 11th Arm'd Dlv. (Aug-Hot Springs, AR) Alfred Pfeiffer, ing, Ml 49849 495th QM Depot Co. (Sept-Omaha, NE) Ronal Brock, 2328 Admiral St., Aliquippa, PA 15001 (412) 375-6295 114th Evac. Hospital (Semlmoblle) (Sept- York, PA) Wil- 2419 "J" St., Bedford, IN 47421 (812) 275-3220 11th Engr. Combat Bn. & Regt. (Sept-Nags Head, NC) liam Bowers, 3075 Emig Mill Rd., Dover, PA 17315 504th MP Bn. WWII (July-Longview, TX) Charles Eling, A.B. Harward, 523 College Dr., Raeford, NC 28376 (717) 792-2581 1548 West St., Reading, OH 45215 (513) 554-1090 (919) 875-4809 122nd Signal Radio Intell. Co. (Aug-Williamsburg, VA) 507th Parachute Inf. Assn. (Sept-San Jose, CA) Clar- 14th Tank Bn., 9th Arm'd Dlv. (Aug-Milwaukee) Anthony J.W. Wickliff, Rt. 4, Box 206, Greenfield, IN 46140 (317) ence Hughart, 9151 W. 66th Ave., Arvada, CO 80004 Ziegler, 171 Sedgefield Dr., Harahan, LA 70123 (504) 861-4881 (303) 424-8952 737-9363 126th, 173rd F.A. Bns. Vets Assn. (Oct-Madison, Wl) 511th Engr. L.P. Co. (Oct-Wayne, NJ) Nick Rosania, Box 17th Airborne Dlv. Assn. (Aug-Clearwater Beach, FL) Edward Kloth, Box 188, Medford, Wl 54451 (715) 748- 412, Whitehouse Station, NJ 08889 (201) 534-2728 Edward Siergiej, 62 Forty Acre Mountain Rd., Danbury, 4843 524th MP Bn. (Aug-Chicago) Bob Gott, 3568 Archer Ave.,

CT 0681 1 (203) 748-3958 127th Inf. Vets Assn. (Sept-Oshkosh, Wl) Edward Chicago, IL 60609 (312) 847-0126 17th Signal Opers. Bn. WWII (Aug-Kansas City, MO) Troxell, 115 N. Lark, Oshkosh, Wl 54901 (414) 235- 533rd Engr. Boat & Shore Regt. (Oct-Windsor, Canada) E.F. Hofmeister, 710 Crown Ave., Scranton, PA 18505 3948 Robert Tighe, 209 Eastlawn, Detroit, Ml 48215 (313) (717) 346-9255 132nd General Hospital Vets Assn. (Oct-Rosemont, IL) 822-0418 18th Coast Arty. (Ft. Stevens, OR) (Sept-Celina, OH) John Schoeph, 907 N. 18th Ave., Melrose Park, IL 608th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Harry Charles Justus, 625 Yaronia Dr. No., Columbus, OH 60160 (312) 344-0248 Rapp, 317 W. King St., Lancaster, PA 17603 (717) 394- 43214 (614) 268-2566 134th Inf. (Sept-Kansas City, KS) James Graff, 134C, 7942 20th Field Arty. Bn. (Oct-Atlanta) Bruce Wolfenbarger, Middletown, IL 62666 (217) 445-2570 609th T.D. Bn. (Sept-Philadelphia) George Funke, 3260 Box 172, Cedartown, GA 30125 (404) 748-5877 142nd Gen. Hospital (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Richard Oakford, Rd., Trevose, PA 19047 21st Avn. Engrs. (Aug-Carlisle, PA) Calvin Eckert, 305 Ritchie, 3705 40th Ave. So., Minneapolis, MN 55406 625th Engr. L.P. Co. (Sept-Charleston, IL) William War- Meadow Tr., Dillsburg, PA 17019 (717) 766-6511 (612) 722-3191 ner, Box 20, Jerseyville, IL 62052 (618) 498-2629 22nd General Hospital (July-Blandford, Eng.) Raymond 148th Inf. Vets. (Aug-Camp Perry, OH) Robert Albright, 627th QM Refrig. Co. (Sept-Richmond, IN) Eddie Held, Hedquist, 2019 S. Mulford Rd„ Rockford, IL 61108 428 5th St., Toledo, OH 43605 1212 Linwood Ave., Columbus, OH 43206 (614) 443- (815) 399-8964 151st Inf. Assn. (Sept-Anderson, IN) Lee Lortz, 5607 Co- 2239 27th Engrs. Combat Bn. (Oct-Levittown, PA) William lumbus Ave., Anderson, IN 46013 (317) 642-6916 631st Tank Destroyer Bn. (July-Elmira, NY) David Good- Simon, 4501 New Falls Rd., Levittown, PA 19056 (215) 157th Inf. Regt., 158th F.A. Bn. WWII (Sept-Denver) Felix rich, 183 Fairview Rd., Horseheads, NY 14845 (607) 547-231 Sparks, 7900 W. 23rd Ave., Denver, CO 80215 (303) 732-6486 29th Inf. Dlv. WWI, WWII (Sept-Carlisle, PA) John Gavin, 233-2369 648th Engr. Topo. Bn. WWII (Oct-Eureka, MO) Bob Gar- 7412 Miller Ave., Upper Darby, PA 19082 (215) 352- 187th Signal Repair Co. (Aug-Niagara Falls, NY) John lock, Box 2, Gerald, MO 63037 4962 Sheridan, 115 Firestone Dr., Rochester, NY 14624 708th, 715th Amph. Tank & Tractor Bns. (Aug-Las 30th Inf. Dlv. Assn. (Old Hickory, WWI, WWII) (July- (716) 247-6796 Vegas, NV) Ed Stark, 53 Gamma Dr., Las Vegas, NV Dearborn, Ml) Saul Solow, 13645 Whippet Way East, 206th C.A. AA (Aug-Little Rock, AR) AT. Albright, Box 89110 (702) 452-7986 Delray Beach, FL 33445 5806, Little Rock, AR 72215 (501) 225-5220 713th MP Bn. WWII (Sept-Auburn, MA) Joseph Danko 31st Ordnance HMFA WWII (Sept-Branson, MO) Paul 216th General Hospital Assn. WWII (Oct-Cape Cod, MA) Sr., 143 Burbank Rd., Sutton, MA 01527 (617) 865-

Anderson, Star Rt. 1 , Box 250C, Shell Knob, MO 65747 Andrew Menzia, 29 Burnham Rd., Lowell, MA 01852 2347 (417) 858-3836 (617) 453-1025 721st Railway Oper. Bn. Assn. (Sept-Lake George, NY) 32nd Dlv. Vets Assn. (Aug-Southfield, Ml) Peter Paget, 223rd Regt., 40th Dlv. (July-Nashville, TN) Kenneth Toal Jim Marofta, 41 Paxwood Rd., Delmar, NY 12054 (518) 24035 Rockingham, Southfield, Ml 48035 (313) 356- Sr., 3298 Buffalo St., Alexander, NY 14005-0093 (716) 439-2131 0847 591-2636 743rd Tank Bn. (Aug-Lindstrom, MN) Karl Mory, 5616 35th Inf. Dlv. (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Jack Sabata, 431 235th OBSN Korea (Aug-Pioneer, OH) Robert Gamboe, Elliot Ave. So., Minneapolis, MN 55417 (612) 822-6288

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE A ,

754th Tank Bn. Assn. (July-Louisville, KY) Michael Sea Bright, NJ 07760 (201) 842-7254 68th Air Serv. Grp., China WWII (Aug-Tucson, AZ) Bob Stepien, 122 Churchill St., McKees Rocks, PA 15136 "B" Co., 148th Inf., 37th Dlv. (Oct-Toledo, OH) Robert Pierce, Box 15061, Lakewood, CO 80215 (303) 985- (412) 771-0510 Buehrer, 2421 Valleybrook Dr., Toledo, OH 43615 (419) 1933 768th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Bettendorf, IA) Otto Marion, 54 41st 536-5041 93rd TCS, 439th TC Grp. (Oct-Cocoa Beach, FL) Tom Ave., Apt. 803, East Moline, IL 61244 (319) 762-2392 "C" Btry., 433rd AAA AW Bn. WWII (June-Memphis, Morris, 456 St. George's Ct., Satellite Beach, FL 32937 777th Tank Bn. (Aug-Williamsburg, VA) Vernon Wirth, TN) Virgil Williams, 2224 Fairview Dr., Ft. Smith, AR (305) 773-6960 8330 W. Concordia Ave., Milwaukee, Wl 53222 (414) 72901 (501) 646-7629 370th Bomb Sq. (Sept-Dayton, OH) Ira Anderson Jr., 442-9664 "C" Btry., 546th AAA AW Bn. (July-Little Rock, AR) Bob 1800 Sybil Ln., Tyler, TX 75703 (214) 561-2832 795th AAA AW Bn. WWII (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Robert La- Hasen, 15113 Village 15, Camarillo, CA 93010 (805) 485th Bomb Grp. (Oct-Brownsville, TX) Robert Deeds, Valle, 506 Stark St., Moosic, PA 18507 (717) 457-9438 482-3198 4643 286th St., Toledo, OH 43611 (419) 726-0650

802nd Engr. AVN Bn. Assn. (Oct-Cincinnati) Raymond "C" Co., 133rd Inf., 34th Dlv. (Sept-Dubuque, I A) Eldon 506th Ftr. Sq., 404th Ftr. Grp. (June-Dearborn, Ml) B.D.

Griffith, Rt. 3, Box F433, Cooper Lane, Chester, NJ Johnson, 1241 30th St. SE, Cedar Rapids, I A 52403 Mirkin, 32043 Maine, Livonia, Ml 48150 (313) 422-1704 07930 (201) 879-5687 (319) 362-3522 559th Bomb Sq., 387th Bomb Grp., 9th A.F. (Tiger 809th Engr. Bn. Avn. WWII (Sept-Bushkill, PA) John "C" Co., 776th Amph. Tank Bn. (Sept-Atchison, KS) Stripe Marauders WWII) (Oct-South Padre Island, TX) Hazuka, 144 Stevenstown Rd., Westbrook, CT 06498 Francis Delzeit, Box 334, Wathena, KS 66090 (913) Pasquale Razzano, 10 Robin Hood Rd., Suffern, NY (203) 399-9269 989-4755 10901 (914) 357-5983 811th T.D. Bn. (Aug-Fort Wayne, IN) Robert Morgan, "D" Co., 711th Tank Bn. (Sept-Milwaukee) Dale Van 560th, 561st, 562nd Signal Aircraft Warning Cos. WWII 5405 Scepter Ct., Fort Wayne, IN 46815 Meter, Rt. 2, Box 153, Arapahoe, NE 68922 (308) 962- (Oct-St. Louis) Chester Tuskowski, 6110 Pennsylvania 817th Engr. Avn. Bn. (Sept-Callicoon, NY) Mike Memoli, 5294 Ave., Cudahy, Wl 53110 (414) 762-0605 190 Ludlam Ave., Elmont, NY 11003 "E" Co., 172nd Inf., 43rd Dlv. (Sept-Hummelstown, PA) 671st Bomb Sq. (Sept-Cleveland) James Kerns, 2411 823rd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Lake Providence, LA) Elmer Nisley, 13 W. Main St., Hummelstown, PA 17036 Hoffman Dr., Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223 (216) 733- I.C. Adams Jr., 16 N. Glenwood Ave., Columbia, MO (717) 566-2023 7951 65201 (314) 442-7989 "F" Co., 35th Inf. Regt., 25th Inf. Dlv. (Aug-St. Louis) 815th Engr. AVN Bn. WWH (Sept-Peoria, IL) Ray Owen, 861st HAM Ord. Co. (Oct-Bushkill, PA) Kenneth Rhodes, John Baynes, Rt. 1, Box 338, Pevely, MO 63070 (314) 725 E. Pine St., Canton, IL 61520 (309) 647-0796 2800 15th St., Altoona, PA 16601 (814) 943-0708 479-5616 BAD 2 Assn. (Sept-St. Louis) Ralph Scott, 228 W. 893rd Signal Co. Depot AVN (Sept-Louisville, KY) Fred "G" Co., 20th Inf. (July-Des Moines, IA) Martin Krueger, Roosevelt Ave., New Castle, DE 19720 (302) 328-2137 Grimani, 1415 S. Barton St., Apt. 256, Arlington, VA 307 Ohio St., Iowa Falls, IA 50126 (515) 648-2815 22204 (703) 920-8319 "G" Co., 28th Inf. Regt., WWII (Sept-Topeka, KS) J.F. 893rd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug-Severn, MD) Harry Sin- Wilhm, 7021 SW Queens, Topeka, KS 66614 (913) 478- Navy clair, 684 Maryland Rt. 3 N., Gambrills, MD 21054 (301) 3768 923-3190 "HQ" Co., 1st Bn., 505th Parachute Inf. (July- 900th Ord. Co. HAM (Sept-Columbus, OH) Wiilard Der- Minneapolis) Frank Thompson, 200 Standard Life Bldg., 4th NC8 (June-Reno, NV) Louis D'Ercole, 520 Cranleigh rick, 234 S. Roys Ave., Columbus, OH 43204 (614) 274- Pittsburgh, PA 15222 (412) 261-4475 Dr., Reno, NV 89512 (702) 322-7669 6972 "HQ" Co., 106th Inf., 27th Dlv. (Aug-Bedford, PA) Robert 8th NCB (Sept.) Howard Hammer, 717 2nd Ave. West, 988th Treadway Bridge Co. (Sept-Niagara Falls, NY) Shimer, Rt. 1, Box 691, Everett, PA 15537 (814) 652- Kalispell, MT 59901 (406) 755-6498 Arthur Sweet, 9345 Burlingham Rd., Holland, NY 14080 5627 26th NCB (Oct-Paducah, KY) Harry Friedrich, 3671 Mock- (716) 537-9464 "L" Co., 34th Inf., 24th Dlv. WWII (Sept-Williamsburg, ingbird Ln., Dayton, OH 45430 (513) 426-2117 993rd Engr. Treadway Bridge Co. (Sept-Baxter Springs, VA) Tom Mellinger, 112 Sun View Dr., Elbridge, NY 28th NCB WWII (Sept-St. Louis) Bruno Petruccione, 43 KS) J.J. Vacak, 910 Wildcat Ridge, Manhattan, KS 13060 3rd St., Yorkville, NY 13495 (315) 736-0263 66502 "L" Co., 386th Inf. Regt., 97th Inf. Dlv. (Oct-Kansas City, 31st Spec. Seabees (July-Santa Monica, CA) Ray Jen- 1054th Engr. PC&R (Oct-Slidell, LA) J. Calkins, 1108 MO) Harold Bartig, 147 S. 21st, LaCrosse, Wl 54601 son, 508 Baker Dr., Cedar Falls, IA 50613 (319) 277- Maris Stella Ave., Slidell, LA 70460 (504) 641-2060 (608) 784-6410 4014 1724th Ordnance MM Co. WWII (Sept-Huntsville, AL) "M" Co., 152nd Int., 38th Dlv. (Sept-Fort Wayne, IN) 47th NCB WWII (Sept-San Antonio, TX) Sam Sherrill, Rt. Wilbur Albright, 627 State St., Greensburg, PA 15601 Arthur Hartman, 7417 Maysville, Fort Wayne, IN 46815 4, Box 470, Marble Falls, TX 78654 (512) 267-2073 (412) 837-5174 (219) 749-5939 52nd Seabees (Aug-Ft. Smith, AR) Herbert Wardlaw, Box 3014th OBAM Co., 139th OBAM Bn. WWII (Oct-Myrtle "M" Co., 167th Inf., 31st Dlv. (Oct-Birmingham, AL) Wil- 40, Altheimer, AR 72004 (501) 766-8181 Beach, SC) Walter Bostick, 1928 Linden Dr., Rocking- liam Smith, 506 College St., Moulton, AL 35650 (205) 57th Seabees (Oct-Wheeling, WV) Harry Burnett, Box ham, NC 28379 (919) 895-5872 974-7768 285, Beech Bottom, WV 26030 (304) 394-5042

3031 at OBER Co., 625th OBAM Bn. (Sept-Suwanee, "Service" Btry., 247th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Columbus, OH) 60th Seabees (Aug-St. Augustine, FL) Ervin Zeiser, Rt. 1 GA) Edward Wooten, 3488 Shoreland Dr., Buford, GA Melvin Sandy, Rt. 2, Box 81, Stephens City, VA 22655 Box 334, Yalaha, FL 32797 (904) 324-2959 30518 (404) 945-7908 (703) 869-4331 69th NCB (Oct-Ft. Pierce, FL) Noah King, 6206 Emerson 3421st Inf. Regt., 86th Dlv. Med. Detach. (Sept-Kansas Air Warning Sq. 11 WWII (July-Chicago) Andy Susman, Ave., Ft. Pierce, FL 33451 (305) 464-6008 City, MO) Joe Rushing, 1500 Houston St., Ft. Worth, TX 38 King Arthur Ct., Northlake, IL 60164 (312) 562-1198 87th NCB (Oct-Valley Forge, PA) William Armstrong, 124 76102 (817) 732-5856 Alamo Scouta, 6th Army WWII (June-Ann Arbor, Ml) Maple Terr., Pittsburgh, PA 15211 (412) 481-0571 3498th MM Co., 2nd Engr. Amph. Brigade (Aug- Robert Sumner, 4101 Watrous Ave., Tampa, FL 33629 91st NCB (June-Galveston, TX) Nat Pryzant, 2735 Glen Youngstown, OH) Jerry Greenstone, 423 Elizabeth St., (813) 876-4667 Haven, Houston, TX 77025 (713) 667-1231 Hubbard, OH 44425 (216) 534-4343 American Legion Drum & Bugle Corps. (Post 1025 & 96th NCB (Aug -Pittsburgh) Hazel Solacski, 139 Raven- 3513th Ord. MAM Co. (Sept-Hershey, PA) Frank Casini, 1197-Prior to WWII) Harold Murray, 4-15 Lambert Rd., head, Houston, TX 77034 (713) 944-2305 135 Peach Ave., Hershey, PA 17033 (717) 533-7679 Fairlawn, NJ 07410 145th NCB (Oct-Daytona Beach, FL) Herbert Muhs, 73 3621st QM Truck Co. (Sept-Lebanon, MO) Raymond De- Counter Intelligence Corps (Oct-San Antonio, TX) Win- Fallingwood Terr., Rochester, NY 14612 (716) 663-1319 Vanney, 2309 Bristow, St. Louis, MO 63114 (314) 428- ston Morgan, Box 160324, San Antonio, TX 78280 (512) Aviation Boatswain Mates Assn. (Aug-San Diego) 8328 656-0384 Charles Wyatt, 13512 Pequot Dr., Poway, CA 92064 "A" Btry., 389th F.A. Bn., 97th Int. Dlv. (Sept-Reading, First Special Service Force. (Aug-Halifax, Nova Scotia) (714) 748-5197 OH) Joe Newbauer, Rt. 3, Box 3668F, Grayling, Ml FSSF Hdqters., 11815 Quarter Horse Ct., Oakton, VA NAMRU #2 WWII (Oct-San Antonio, TX) Chuck Davison, 49738 (517) 939-8938 22124 (703) 620-2879 1122 Holmes PI., DeKalb, IL 60115 (815) 756-2618 "A" Btry., 609th F.A. (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Carl HQ. V Corps Vets Assn. WWII (Sept-Burlington, IA) Naval Weather Serv. Assn. (June-Las Vegas, NV) Her- Hammer, 6305 Wicklow Cir., Colorado Springs, CO George Frey, 1614 Agency St., Burlington, IA 52601 bert Goodland, 786 Christy Ln., Las Vegas, NV 89110 80907 (303) 598-7959 (319) 752-8570 (702) 452-1102 "A" Co., 1st Air Cav. Dlv., 1st Bn., 5th Cav. (Aug-St. McCloskey Gen. Hospital WWII Amputees (Aug- Navy Hurricane Hunters (June-Pensacola, FL) Hurricane Louis) David Lavender, 333 N. 9th, Murphysboro, IL Louisville, KY) Orville Martin, 2510 Hayward Rd., Louis- Hunters, Inc., 2818 Cedarcrest Dr., Orange Park, FL

62966 (618) 687-1444 ville, KY 40222 (502) 426-1529 32073 (904) 264-6078 "A" Co., 10th Arm'd Inf. Bn., 4th AD (Oct-Houston) Joe SHAEF (Supreme HQs. ETO) (Oct-England) Allen Navy Mats VRs (VR 3,6,7,8,22, NATWPAC) (Nov- Kmetz, 718 Jane St., Plum, PA 15239 (412) 793-6793 Petersen, 12 Allen St., Rumson, NJ 07760 (201) 842- Pensacola, FL) Monte Umphress, 1348 Hanchett Ave., "A" Co., 50th Engrs. (July-Tipton, MO) Lewis Dix, Box 4206 San Jose, CA 95126 (408) 295-0128 602, Tipton, MO 65081 (816) 433-5955 Wlldwood Station Kenal, AK, '53-'55 (Oct-Hagerstown, Navy Seabees of America (Aug-Ft. Lauderdale, FL) Ben "A" Co., 54th Med. Bn. (Sept-Washington, PA) Roy Hoek- MD) Karl Pile, 2415 Marsh Pike, Hagerstown, MD 21740 Ladenthin, 225 SW 11th Ct., Pompano Beach, FL stra, Rt. 1, Box 32, Barnesville, MN 56514 (218) 493- (301) 791-3470 33060 (305) 781-4237 4255 XIII Corps Assn. (July-Flagstaff, AZ) John Bitting, 10104 P.T. Boats Inc. (Aug-Boston) Donald Rhoads, Box 109, "A" Co., 634th T.D. Bn. (June-Oklahoma City) C.J. Quinby, Silver Spring, MD 20901 (301) 593-8919 Memphis, TN 38101 (901) 272-9980

Pochobradsky, 2419 Victoria Dr. SW, Cedar Rapids, I Ship Activation Team 12-2 (Nov-Vallejo, CA) John Groo, 52404 (319) 363-5176 2109 Illinois St., Vallejo, CA 94590 (707) 642-1059 "A,B,HQ" Ex-502nd MP Bn. CBI (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) S.L.C.U. 36 (Boat Pool Baker) (July-Austin, TX) Donald William Adam, 39 Wyoming Ave., Audubon, NJ 08106 Brown, 1008 Mitchell, Irving, TX 75060 (214) 399-8029 (201) 546-5871 Army Air Forces VPB 123 (Sept-San Francisco) K.F. Sanford, Box 51, Port "B" Btry., 225th AAA Sit. Bn. (Sem) (Oct-Philadelphia) Ludlow, WA 98365 (206) 437-2968 Gilbert Lackman, 403 Windsor Ave., Westmont, NJ 8th Ftr. Grp. Assn. (36th, 80th, 33rd, 35th, HQ Sq., 8th USS Brlareus (Oct-Virginia Beach, VA) Robert Amos, 27 08108 (609) 429-4842 Ftr. Cont. Sq. & attached units-WWII) (July-Appleton, Winthrop Rd., Somerset, NJ 08873 (201) 249-4166 "B" Btry., 534th AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Sedalia, MO) Wil- Wl) Vincent Steffanic, 21 Curson St., West Warwick, Rl USS Bunker Hill CV 17 WWII (Sept-Mt. Pleasant, SC) liam Lewellen, 9037 W. 101st Terr., Overland Park, KS 02893 (401) 828-1769 Alfred Coleman, 33 Mayflower Rd., Woburn, MA 01801 66212 (913) 381-4160 36th Ftr. Grp. (Oct-Denver) Lorenzo Miller, 781 1 Kember- (617) 933-4478 "B" Btry., 546th AAA Bn. (Sept-Ft. Smith, AR) Kenneth ly St., Commerce City, CO 80022 (303) 288-4847 USS Caacade AD 16 ('51-'54) (August) Bob Croghan, Lubben, 221 3rd Ave. S.W., LeMars, IA 51031 (712) 49th Ftr. Grp. Assn. (July-Superior, Wl) John Roth, 1070 11431 Gravols, St. Louis, MO 63126 (314) 843-1500 546-5540 SE Adams, Albuquerque, NM 87108 (505) 268-2903 USS Champlln DD 601 (Oct-Williamsburg, VA) Martin "B" Co., 100th Chem. Mortar Bn. (508th, 637th CA 66th Airdrome Sq. (Sept-Bakersfield, CA) Paul Pierucci, Cover, 301 Devon Rd., Fairless Hills, PA 19030 (215) AAA Bn.) (July-Mt. Vernon, IL) Jerry Zuzzio, Box 232, Box 734, Butter Willow, CA 93206 (805) 764-5489 946-6446

JUNE 1985 39 VETERANS ALERT

USS Charles J. Badger DD 657 (July-San Diego) Roger Fox Co., 2nd Bn., 9th Marines (Vietnam) (June- Soule, 1933 Limewood Dr., San Jose, CA 95132 (408) Columbus, OH) Woody Woodruff, 25428 Mountain Dr., 262-8632 Arlington, WA 98223 (206) 435-9292 COMRADES IN DISTRESS USS Chevalier DD 451 (Oct-San Diego) Kurt Bocian, Marine Bomb Sq. VMB 611 (Oct-King of Prussia, PA) Gil- 24853 96th Ave., So., #1, Kent, WA 98031-4802 (206) bert DeBlois, 9904 Stoughton Rd., Fairfax, VA 22032 Readers who can help these veterans are urged to do 854-5190 (703) 273-2197 so. Usually an eyewitness statement is needed in support USS Clay APA 39, Elizabeth C. Stanton APA 69 (Sept- VMF 311 Transp. (Aug-New Philadelphia, OH) Paul Gold- of a VA claim. Charleston, SC) John Brass, 403 East 330, Willowick, berg, 627 Wayland Rd., Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 Notices are run only at the request of American Legion OH 44094-2829 (216) 943-2079 (215) 657-3131 Service Officers representing claimants, using Search for USS Cochlno SS 345 (Aug-Portland, OR) LB Robertson, Witness Forms available only from State Legion Service 171 1 Dixon Dr., Colorado Springs, CO 80909 (303) 596- Officers. Please contact CID (number). The American Le- 0058 Air Force gion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 USS Corry DD 463 (Oct-Virginia Beach, VA) Grant Gul- lickson, 1909 Salk St., Virginia Beach, VA 23455 (804) 1st Bn., 13th Regt., 5th Div. Maurice E. Gingell needs 464-3619 4th Ftr. Sq., 52nd Ftr. Grp. WWII (Aug-Ogden, UT) Frank witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Parker USS Eaton DD 510 (Aug-lowa City, IA) Barbara Gorvin, Dorfmeyer, 2115 Carol Pkwy., Kettering, OH 45440 Ranch, HI, in Nov. 1944, he was hospitalized for a back Univ. of Iowa Law Library, Iowa City, IA 52240 (319) (513) 434-5738 and leg injury suffered while on duty. Contact CID 993 353-5968 12th Bomb Grp. (M) (Earthquakers) (Sept-Vancouver, "A" Co., 4th Engr. Bn. Donald Meusch is seeking wit- USS Eberle DD 430 (July-Williamsburg, VA) Robert Can.) Alex Adair, 817 NE 91st St., Seattle. WA 98115 nesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Hanaw, McKenzie, 309 Catawba Ave., Newfield, NJ 08344 (609) (206) 523-7954 Germany, in April 1954, he injured his back in a truck 697-1587 19th Bomb Assn. (June-Central, July-Western, Sept- accident. Contact CID 994 USS Edgar G. Chase DE 16 (Sept-New Orleans) Elmo Eastern) Conrad Marvel, 5357 E. Zion PI., Tulsa, OK "B" Co., 941st F.A. Bn. Elmo A. Barnes is seeking wit- Allen, 5125 Old Canton Rd. #205, Jackson, MS 39211 74115 (918) 835-9909 nesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Combat

(601) 956-7255 34th Bomb Grp., 8th A.F. (Oct-Wichita, KS) Ray Summa, Maumchow, Germany, in Dec. 1 944, he suffered frost bite USS Edison DD 439 (Oct-Orlando, FL) Larry Whetstine, 2910 Bittersweet Ln., Anderson, IN 46001 (317) 644- on his feet. Contact CID 995 8083 Haviland Dr., Linden, Ml 48451 (313) 735-5369 6027 48th Ftr. Sq., 14th Ftr. Group, 15th Air. Quentin USS Enterprise CV 6 (All Regionals & National Reunions) 71st Bomb Sq., 38th Bomb Grp. (M) (SWPA-WWII) (Sept- Roosevelt Cooper needs witnesses to verify a claim that Doss, Westport, 268-9742 Greensboro, NC) CM. Benbow, Box 445, Oakridge, NC while stationed in North Africa in Ed Box 791 , WA 98595 (206) March 1943, he suf- USS Ericsson DD 440 WWII (Oct-Charleston, SC) Wen- 27310 (919) 643-3567 fered unconsciousness from a kidney stone attack and dell Spencer, 623 Central Ave., Needham. MA 02194 99th Bomb Grp. (H) WWII (July-Seattle) Joseph Chance was carried to his tent. Contact CID 996 (617) 444-4471 Jr.. 6250 Pepper Hill Dr., West Bloomfield, Ml 48033 USS Fremont APA 44 (Oct-Duluth, MN) Gene Gruber, (313) 851-2038 Genola, MN 56364 (612) 468-6436 307th Bomb Wing B-47 (Enlisted Maint. Personnel) USS Galveston CLG 3 (Sept-Philadelphia) Morris Butch- (Sept-Lincoln, NE) Billy Williams, 5141 N. 72nd St., Lin- LIFE MEMRERSHIPS er, 4754 Bill Knight Ave., Millington, TN 38053 (901) coln, NE 68507 (402) 466-9301 351st Bomb Grp. (H) (508th, 509th, 872-4071 510th, 511th The award of a life membership to a Legionnaire by a Sqdns., Polebrook, Eng.) (July-Seattle) Ben Schohan, USS Helena CL 50 CA 75, Benham DD 397 (Sept-San post is a testimonial by those who know best that such a 398 Catawba Ave.. Westerville, 43081 882- Antonio, TX) Bill Bunker, 1139-1 Arcadia Ave., Arcadia, OH (614) member has served The American Legion well. 445-8662 8410 CA 91006 (818) Below are listed some of the previously unlisted life 406th Ftr. Sq., 371st Ftr. Grp., 9th A.F. (July-Mt. USS Hlckox DD 673 (Nov-Washington) Capt. Joe Wes- Home, membership post awards that have been reported to The son, 2801 Hathaway Terr., Silver Spring, MD 20906 AR) Robert Farley, 117 S. Green St., Boone, IA 50036 American Legion Magazine. (301) 949-3242 442nd A.F. Reserve Assn. (June-Richard-Gebaur AFB, Ships MO) SMSgt. Alice Morris, 924 Crestline. Wichita, USS Hope, 215th Complement (Sept-Long Beach, KS John Purdy, Donald H. Harrington (1985), Post 7, 722-7337 CA) Rew Wilson, Box 3613, Eureka, CA 95502 (707) 67212 (316) Clearwater, FL 453rd Bomb Sq., 323rd 442-7744 Bomb Grp., 9th A.F. (Whitetail Ellen P. Welgand (1985), Post 345, Naples, FL Marauders ETO) (Oct-Harlingen. USS Kimberly DD 521 (Sept-Rosemont, IL) Arthur Fors- TX) Cas Sochocki, Alfred Glover (1983), Post 61, Revere, MA 1314 N. Brookfield ter, 2312 Nela Ave., Orlando, FL 32809 (305) 855-5625 St.. South Bend, IN 46628 (219) 233- Frank Mayak, Paul C. Ramasco (1985), Post 153, Park 6044 USS LST 177 (July-Youngstown, OH) Vincent Mongiello, Ridge, NJ 203 W. Venango St., Mercer, PA 16137 (412) 662-3061 455th Bomb Sq., 323rd Bomb Grp., 9th A.F. (Whitetail Arthur C. Kaufman, Bernard V. Kolarov, Elmer H. Marauders (Sept-Rockport, USS LST 389 (Oct-Chicago) John Dolan, 927 Delview Dr., ETO) ME) Benedict Gold- Rumpf (1985), Post 473, Copley, OH smith, Folcrott, PA 19032 (215) 586-8046 Box 162, Camden, ME 04843 (207) 236-4222 John Banke (1985), Post 980, Plum Boro, PA 456th Sq., Grp., USS LST 529 (July-Philadelphia) Kenneth Mackay, 218 S. Bomb 323rd Bomb 9th A.F. (Whitetail Rudolph Freuler, Carl Herbst (1985), Post 18. Mil- Main St., Pearl River, NY 10965 (914) 735-3703 Marauders ETO) (Oct-Madison, Wl) Thomas Curtin, waukee, Wl 116-13 103rd Ave., Richmond Hills. USS New Mexico BB 40 (Sept-Chattanooga, TN) LeRoy NY 11419 (212) Marlon J. Bailey, Claude L. Cahoon, Thomas W. Crist 849-7596 Miller, 8619 Villa Crest Dr., St. Louis, MO 63126 (314) Jr., Merlin O. Gray, Charles R. Simonitsch, Charles A. 457th Grp., Units 842-1806 Bomb Attached (Sept-Rapid City, SD) Tucker (1984), Post 187, Wisconsin Dells, Wl USS Prlngle DD 477, Stanley DD 476 (Dec-Baltimore) Homer Briggs, 811 NW "B" St., Bentonville, AR 72712 William Herman, 1427 Woodbridge Rd., Baltimore, MD (501) 273-3908 21228 505th Bomb Grp. (VH), 313th Bomb Wing (All groups USS Robinson DD 562 (All Hands) (Sept-Seattle) Don stationed on Tinlan-'44-'45) (July-Denver) William Gib- LET'S GET TOGETHER Fahlberg, 3661 41st St., Apt. 12, Moline. IL 61265 (309) son, 5214 Pierce Ave., Ogden, UT 84403 (801) 479- 797-2781 4885 Notices of proposed reunions will be published on a USS Roche DE 197 (Aug-Nashville. TN) J.W. Hearn, 679th, 703rd, 1022nd, 1536th Ord. Cos. (New Guinea) first-come, first-served basis. Requests for inclusion must 4480 S. Meridian, #52, Wichita, KS 67217 (316) 522- WWII (Oct-Orlando, FL) Nate Frankel, 1609 Almara, Cir., list unit name, branch of service, contact 6087 Louisville, KY 40205 (502) 459-1051 the name, address, including zip code and American Legion mem- USS San Saba APA 232 (July-Hot Springs, AR) Joe 832nd AVN Engrs. Bn. (July-Terre Haute, IN) William bership card number. Submit your request to: "Let's Get Holmes, 516 National Village, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 Kratz, 5 Chickadee Dr., Terre Haute, IN 47803 (812) Together," The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box (501) 534-3743 877-2795 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 USS Saucy PG 65 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Henry Rogers, Air Tech. Serv. Command HQ Sq. (Paterson Field, OH 38 Falcon Terr., Middletown, CT 06457 (203) 346-6701 WWII) (July-Dayton, OH) Walter Huzzer, 742 Perry St.. USS Shangri-La CV 38 (June-Wickliffe, OH) Robert Kis- Van Wert, OH 45891 (419) 238-4175 sig, 6018 Harrison St.. Mentor, OH 44060 (216) 257- 2434 Army USS Sumter APA 52 (Nov-Disney World, FL) Melvin Coast Guard Burks, Box 7, Tahoka, TX 79373 (806) 998-4567 3rd Signal Co., 3rd Inf. Div. Harry Rosenbaum, 105 N. USS Cor-Caroll AK 91 (Aug-Mooresville. IN) Vernon Kim- League Rd., Colfax, IA 50054 mel, 681 N. Indiana St., Mooresville, IN 46158 (317) 80th Inf. Div. (1942-46). Harold Render, 211 E. Arcadia Marines 831-2277 Ave., Peoria, IL 61603-2403 (309) 682-0048 USS Joyce DE 317 (Oct-Baltimore) Joe Helminger, 1513 137th Ord. Co. HMFA. Ernest Hodges, 2184 Twilley Cir. 3rd Marine Dlv. Assn. (July-San Antonio, TX) Don De- Huron Ave., Metairie. LA 70005 (504) 831-1454 SW, Marietta, GA 30060 Camara, 36 Oak In The Wood, Daytona Beach, FL USS Poughkeepsie PF 26 (Oct-South Bend, IN) Russell 180th Inf. Regt., 45th Dlv. (HM-1952-53). Miguel Bach, 154 32019 Brewer, Box 757, Westville, IN 46391 (219) 785-2020 Broome St., Apt. 10A, New York, NY 10002 5th, 14th Defense Bns. (Aug-Niagara Falls. NY) John 709th Ord. Bn. (Neu-Ulm, Germany, Ft. Carson). Billy Hennessey, 4021 Genesee St., Buffalo, NY 14225 (716) Chambers, Box 3399, Quail Valley, CA 92380 632-2881 8th Defense & Antl-Alrcraft Arty. Bn. (FMF-PAC, WWII) Miscellaneous (Aug-Ann Arbor, Ml) Melvin Gentmayer, 21751 Fairlane Ct., East Detroit, Ml 48021 (313) 778-4772 6147th Tac Control Grp. (Mosquitoes-Korea) (July- Navy 12th Defense Bn. (Aug.) Henry Norley, 4910 Pleasant Reno, NV) Paul Fojtik, Attn: #85, Box TDR, Truckee, Oak Dr., Wilmington, NC 28403 (919) 395-1379 CA 95738 (916) 587-5038 USS LSM 20. F.K. Tuten, Box F, Jasper, FL 32052 (904) All Six Provisional (4.5 Barrage) Rocket Detach. (Sept- Guadalcanal Campaign Vets (Aug-Colorado Springs, 792-2044 Kansas City, MO) Marvin Taylor, 2612 Main Ave., So., CO) Ted Blahnik, Box 181, Coloma, Ml 49038-0181 USS LSM 327. Virgil Olson, Rt. 3, Box 280, Grantsburg, Wl Brookings. SD 57006 (605) 693-3639 (616) 468-5938 54840

AWS 11 (Kume-Shlma) (July-Chicago) Joseph Nowak, Korean War Vets (July-Arlington, VA) William Norris, 302 USS LST 447. George Barkley Jr. , Rt. 1 , Box 302B, Sidman, 5910 Warren Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48105 (313) 663-0274 Middletown, Rd., Waterford, NY 12188 (518) 371-7816 PA 15955 (814) 487-4487

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE NEWS TO USE ^Save 20% 1 on a famous TR0Y-BILT Tiller! H Boom in Summer Travel is certain, both in this country and abroad. Government estimates indicate 6 percent to 7 percent more Americans will visit Europe this year than last, particularly those countries where the rate of exchange is highly favorable — England, Italy, Spain, France, among others. By contrast, travel to Mexico is losing luster because of inflation and fear of crime. Most of the nation's popular spots expect more visitors than last year.

for and Markdawns of non-durable goods Look Promotions "Off-Season" Savings now in effect! Right now is throughout the summer months. While sales of cars and some durables have the best time ever to learn about the amazing TR0Y-BILT Roto Tiller-Power Composter...the been strong, department and clothing store business has been only fair. The machine that allows anyone — of any age - with upshot is a continuing rash of "specials" and price cuts to hold down inventories any soil — to easily have a fabulously fertile, pro- and maintain a competitive position in all lines of soft goods, including clothing. ductive garden! For free complete details, prices, write today to: Even some durables will get sporadic cuts. Likely candidates include furniture, TR0Y-BILT 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 rugs, carpets, some appliances, electronics and cameras.

TROY-BILT Roto Tiller-Power Composters Dept. A2470 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, N.Y. 12180

Credit Unions Are Welcoming Seniors following a change of Please send the whole wonderful story of TROY-BILT9 Tillers including prices and OFF-SEASON-SAVINGS admission rules. Credit unions will now accept senior citizens who haven't been Roto now in effect for a limited time. members of a credit union before, or who have moved away from the one to which they belonged. To help seniors become eligible for membership, credit Name unions intend to set up free, intermediary "over 60" clubs through which seniors Address_

will have access to the unions themselves. Recruiting may begin in Florida. City

State. -Zip-

If You're Tempted To Lease a Car to avoid the hefty down- payment you need when buying, be sure you fully understand the two basic leasing plans. The simpler one, involving higher monthly outlays, is called "closed end" or "walkaway" — that is, at the end of the contract your payments Electric Scooter $878, stop. The other, with lower monthly payments, is called "open end," because it Portable [fits in a car] may involve extra payments at the end of the contract if the resale value of the • Battery Operated • Medicare Eligible car is less than calculated in the lease. Ride everywhere with ease and comfort: home, stores, parks, church! No-Risk 30 day guarantee Write To: The Fastest Growing Medical Facilities these days are C. F. STRUCK CORP. Dept. AM65S n "ambulatory care centers" — originally called "emergency centers." They deliver Cedarburg, Wl. 53012 V walk-in, no-waiting service on a cash basis at rates they claim are far below those charged by hospital emergency rooms. Some 3,300 will be in existence by

year's end, an increase of about 2,000 in two years. What they're shooting for is family business from suburbia and small towns. HERNIA Ksi BRIEFS

BRAND NEW - No truss, belts or hard pads. Wash Maritime Theft Is Surging as pleasure craft become fancier and and wear. 88% cotton. Wear 24 hrs. Looks like loaded with electronic gear. (So check your policy to see whether your coverage regular underbrief. Operation not necessary. Write or call for free picture brochure in plain wrapper. is in line with today's costs.) Boat prices this year are up because the trend is to Call toll free 1-800-325-0007. larger "family-type" craft, sophisticated extras, and due to the rising costs of KNOCHE CORP. (Orthopedic-Medical Mfg.) materials, including Philippine mahogany and teak woods. Dept. 4C, 14120 S.W. 142 Ave., Miami Fl. 33186

Don't Try Tu Avert "Turista," the diarrhea-like malady that often afflicts tourists, by heavily ingesting antibiotics or over-the-counter drugs. $200 A panel of medical experts assembled by the National Institutes of Health says 10,000 CASH such precautions can do more harm than good. Instead, after you have been laid TOLL FREE 800-435-5119 PAID

v. low, use medication recommended by your doctor, drink bottled water and eat Japanese Miliian Decorations & (German U I I HrlK (especially daggers) Also U anted

only food that's been peeled or cooked. David E J. Pepin— Member nbthk, Tokyo. Japan By Edgar A. Grunwald Dept. AM,P Q Box 55a, Grant Park, il 60940

JUNE 1985 41 UNDERSEAS The Perfect Mower for CLASH ^Hard-to-Now" Lawns! Continued from page 21 The new TUFF-CUT High WheelMower from Garden Way makes the toughest lawns easy to mow! their subs small for maneuverability • Easy to Handle • Big, easy-rolling wheels handle slopes, with their low power, and for reduced obstacles and rough ground with ease. detectability. But ship designers know • Extra Power - No more annoying hesi that increased size is mandatory if the tation or stalling in heavy grass. objective is to increase effectiveness and capability. Fortunately, nuclear • Faster- The wider mowing -2 power makes the biggest subs of today path and easy maneuvering j more maneuverable than the smallest help get your lawn done in of World War II. The size question record time. thus has really become academic, Exclusively from the makers of the famous though it does not, however, apply to TROY-B1LT Tiller. the size of their crews. Despite our Tridents having twice the displace- ment of our new cruisers, the subs' Garden Way Mfg. Co. Dept. A48 Never again struggle crews are half as big. And smaller at- 102nd St. & Ninth Ave., Troy, NY 12180 with cheaply built,

smalled-wheeled YES! Please send all the exciting facts mowers that just about Garden Way's TUFF CUT High Wheel f Mower, including prices, models, Special k can't handle Introductory Savings and limited-time FREE fcar^v^^Ya-- tough jobs. BONUS offer now in effect! * U.S.S.R. Name LfATEST Send for FREE Details Today Address. MISSILE SUBS City

I -Zip_ ARE 25,000- ©1985 Garden Way Inc. State TON MONSTERS AS BIG AS WWI Sensational Not $15 NOW 99 Price Break! Not $10 ONLY BATTLESHIPS.^ Great New Health and Beauty Aid! tack subs have one-third the crew. PROFESSIONAL Our "attack" submarines, which are actually general purpose boats, now TOENAIL CLIPPER consider antisubmarine warfare their primary mission. They have a formi- Trims Toughest Nails Fast and dably effective sonar system, with Smoothly sophisticated computer backup. Much smaller than the missile "boomers," they may displace as much as 7,000 . . . Helps Prevent Painful Ingrown FULLY GUARANTEED— tons, nearly five times the World War Great for the whole family! Try it for days- Toena.is 30 f„ replace. They also main- ^ ^ Surgical Chromeplate Steel If not completely delighted, simply return for II subs they full refund of purchase price (except ship. traditional roles of commerce • Tapered Side-Angle Blades & hdlg.). Our policy is to process all orders tain the Curved Comfort-Grip Handles promptly. We charge your credit card only when destroying, reconnaissance, and fleet, order is shipped. Delays notified promptly. To Maneuver • Extra-Long, Easy Shipment guaranteed within 60 days. or battle-group, scouting, but World Save $$ on salon visits & doctor bills! ~" SATISFACTION GUARANTEED— MAIL TODAY! War II experience has added antisub- VZ-41 56 BEST TOENAIL CLIPPER EVER! OLD VILLAGE SHOP, Dept. Bldg. #9, Hanover, PA 17333 marine warfare as one of the things Fast . . . healthful . . . and very easy to use. Unique Swedish-Style Toenail Swedish design—No hard work, no struggle to reach where Yes, Please rush my they can do best. on full money-back you want to reach. Helps prevent agonizing ingrown toe- Clipper(s) (Z555508), guarantee. Routinely, today, our subs exercise nails . . . Gives your feet an attractive, well-groomed look. Professional Toenail Clipper for only The angled blades slide under nail corners to cut quickly, One ship. hdlg. at detecting, identifying and attacking evenly. Great do-it-yourself pedicure-Helps cut the cost $2.99 plus $1.25 & SAVE EVEN MORE! 2 for just $4.88 plus of salon visits and doctor bills. enemy subs while both target and $1.75 ship. & hdlg. DURABLE CHROMEPLATE STEEL- remain deeply (PA&NV res. add sales tax). exercising submarines LONG HANDLES FOR BEST LEVERAGE Enclosedis$ CHARGE IT: (Minimum $5.00) Diners Club submerged. Warfare of this genre is Why didn't someone think of this before ... A Clipper American Express Visa MasterCard that's anatomically correct and really easy to maneuver! totally different from any that has Surgical chromeplate steel-Curved 4-inch handles for Acct. No. — extra leverage. Cuts through toughest nails like butter . . . ever been waged. Won't harm delicate, fragile nails. Leaves a clean, smooth Exp. Date .(please print:) To avoid detection today, the mod- edge ... No chance of snagging expensive hose. Other NAME clippers are clumsy by comparison, and pointed scissors ern submarine commander relies can cause infection— Why put up with them! Order your ADDRESS - Precision Toenail Clipper today—At the incredible low price principally on the quietness of his own of only $2.99! CITY ship, his ability to react quickly STATE -ZIP and Old Village Shop, Hanover, PA 17333 L_ © H.H.I., 1985 and decisively upon becoming aware of

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a threat. To this he adds a deeply in- culcated understanding of the function of the ocean depths, particularly re- garding the propagation of sound. Functioning beneath the surface him- self, he is convinced that the best ve- hicle with which to go submarine hunt- ing is another submarine, and he is THIS BUD'S everlastingly on the alert to the danger presented by the possible presence of another nearby. FOR YOU By their very nature and missions, today's submerged "battleships" oper- ate independently. The old concepts of ships maneuvering in concert are over. ASW, by consequence, has taken on connotations of the old single-ship ac- tions of the War of 1812. Now it is submerged submarine against sub- merged submarine, and the lookouts are entirely aural and computerized. The most feared of enemy ships is, of course, the enemy missile sub, and it is the one against which the most potent of defensive ASW measures are designed. But before any defensive action at sea can be taken, the enemy must be found. This is difficult enough against a skillful commander of surface ships. When the enemy ship is a sub- marine the difficulty is compounded, and it is in locating such potential enemies that much of our ASW re- search and practical effort goes. A decade ago the entire bottom of the oceans in certain important areas was covered with a grid of sonar transponders through which any un- usual movement was spotted and analyzed. This SOund SUrveillance System, called SOSUS, exists today. Submarines passing through these areas are monitored at computer- equipped receiving stations triggered by these bottom-mounted micro- phones. Closer localization is ac- complished by helicopters and ASW T-Shirts • Sweatshirts • Posters surface ships fitted with sonars that can be lowered into the water, then BUDWEISER® • KING OF BEERS® • ANHEUSER-BUSCH, INC. • ST. LOUIS T-Shirts, Sweatshirts & Posters in full color of "UNCLE SAM." Send check/ lifted and carried to new positions for money order to: Corker-Sullivan Clearing House, Dept. US, W. 1614 Riverside, triangulation. Patrol aircraft can "loi- Spokane, WA 99201. T-Shirts $5.50 (Navy, White, Olive Drab) • Sweatshirts KING OF BEERS I $13.50 (Navy) • S, M, L, XL • Posters $2.50 (20V5"x25 "). Includes postage & ter" over a suspected submarine for handling. Wash, residents add 7.8% sales tax. Offer good while supplies last. Allow 30 days for delivery. Void where prohibited by law. many hours, laying out great numbers of inexpensive "sonobuoys" (containing combination sonar receivers and radio transmitters) in carefully planned pat- WORLD WAR terns. What the sonobuoys hear is re- FLAGS produced in the plane's receivers and MARTINS DISPLAYS FOR relayed back to a control point for Hi.**" • ORGANIZATIONS- coordination of the next move. TOWNS SCHOOLS FAIRS One of our objectives is to remain Prompt shipment. Ask for our .LSO GERMAN WWII and CIVIL WAR ITEMS Catalog for 1985 colorful WHOLESALE COLLECTOR'S ARMOURY, Inc., Dept./» L constantly aware of the locations and ALEXANDRIA. VA 22314 MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE, IOWA 5050) 800 SLATERS LANE. movements of all ships of interest, wherever they may be. Surface ships CLEAN AIR FOR YOUR POST OR WORKPLACE HAVE AN IDEA? can be tracked by satellite, but only a Clear smoke from the air with a Smokemaster \X/e ideas, inventions, commercial or industrial air cleaner. submit sonar listening system can monitor new products to industry • Supplies Call 1-80O-328-O787 tot FREE brochure or movements of ships that remain • Cell Cleaner Call Toll Free 1 -800-528-6050 Ext ordering information. • 831 deeply submerged. Parts for MN residents call: 544-4426 many brands (612) Or Write Kit # LEGI Lately research has led us into new Invention Submission Corp. Continued on page U • ISC 1984 903 Liberty Avenue, Pittsburgh. PA 15222

JUNE 1985 43 UNDERSEAS CLASH Continued from page U3

and exotic avenues, not all of which will prove out. But some will. Optical fiber technology gives promise of smaller, more sensitive, more depend- At Just 20 lbs , able detectors, and better connecting cables between them. Lasers are What It Will Do being investigated in hope of increas- ing the depth to which satellites can detect steel hulls under the sea. There Will AmazeYou! will be a significant advance in ASW capabilities if laser beams can spot submarines a hundred fathoms deep, If your garden is less than an for example. And, of course, in today's acre, you need a big, expensive the yard. ..quickly, easily, neatly age of micro-electronics and computer tiller like you need rabbits. What and economically. chips, new and constantly more capa- you need is one small, precision The exciting Mantis Tiller/Cul- machine that can do a variety of tivator is changing the way Amer- jobs in the garden and around icans garden. It weighs just 20

pounds so anyone can use it. It Why Struggle With starts with a flick of the wrist ...cuts through tough soils... ^UT BEFORE A Big Tiller? R turns on a dime. ..weeds in and ANY DEFENSIVE around plants, between narrow rows and along fence lines. ..and ACTION AT SEA runs all day on a gallon of gas! What's more, with its inexpensive CAN BE TAKEN, attachments, it quickly becomes WE MUST FIND a furrower, lawn aerator or de- thatcher, a power edger, or a THE ENEMY. Simply turning a big 300 lb. tiller in a small hedge trimmer! backyard garden is a challenge. Big tillers are difficult to maneuver, and they're far

too wide to fit between ordinary garden 3-Week I n-Your- Garden Trial ble computers are continually being rows for weeding and cultivating. Forget about tilling along fences or walls or in Best of all, you can try the produced to keep track of more infor- tight corners ... big tillers are just too big solve fire control prob- Mantis — risk-free! If you don't mation and the and bulky to do the job. lems sooner and at greater range. love it, simply return it for a full Most big tillers were designed to just till Driven by the magnitude of the de- but many now offer clumsy "add-on" at- refund. tachments as an attempt to justify their Mantis' tines are warranted for fense problem, we now know much price. And as you may have guessed, big more about how sound is propagated tillers are expensive. life against ever breaking and its in sea water, and why fresh water be- engine has a lifetime Replace- The Mantis Is A Joy To Use! haves so differently with regard to ment Agreement! The Mantis can electronic frequencies. The depth of go just about Why spend another season the sea bottom, its configurations and anywhere, and without the little tiller that's do almost any- its type, greatly affect the propagation thing you can changing the way Americans of sound. The sea has constantly mov- do with your garden? ing layers, or strata, caused by differ- hoe. It weighs only 20 lbs. so ences in temperature or salinity, its you can pick it particular composition in the area, the up and set it r arms of and down exactly time of year, location the moon where you want variations in local weather. The con- Mantis Manufacturing to till. It's only Co. flux of fluctuating and static conditions 6" wide, perfect 1458 County Line Rd, Dept. 696 Huntingdon Valley, for weeding PA 19006 of the environment at any given time between garden Please send me information on the may cause sound waves emanating rows or tilling revolutionary Mantis Tiller/Cultivator, from a single source to have "con- even the smallest garden beds. Women and and the 3-WEEK TRIAL. older gardeners love the Mantis because it's vergence zones," defined as areas of so easy to start and simple to maneuver. Name reinforcement where they can more

And, it was designed right from the begin- be heard. To some degree Address readily ning to match a small, powerful engine to a these can be predicted, although much variety of useful attachments for your yard City and garden. Best of all, the Mantis costs more remains to be learned about such under $300! State Zip phenomena. Under the icecap of the Arctic Ocean, where sound waves

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I 7

bounce off both the distant bottom and the underside of the near ice cover, IMPROVE range and precision may very likely be improved still more, probably with other changes as well because of YOUR SLEEP reduced salinity under the ice. But unlike radar and other electronic man- ifestations which have benefited from Inflatable Sleep successive inventions, the develop- ment of sonar has been by slow de- Incliner Pillow gree. As yet, we have no reason to A PORTABLE TRAVELER. DEFLATES & FOLDS predict any "breakthroughs," and EASY-CARE HEAVY GAUGE WHITE VINYL must condition ourselves to continua- PROVIDES 24" x 27" x 8" INCLINE tion of a slow process of refinement. Once localization has been accom- ONLY plished, the problem is what to do about it. During peacetime it may even be desirable to let the "located" $088 submarine know he has been spotlighted — we do this with our own subs all the time, mainly to alert them and cause them to improve their techniques. Some Soviet subs might BRANFORD HOUSE. Dept SP. Box 4558. Newbufgh. NY 12550 intentionally be made aware of detec- Raises back, neck, shoulder, head

UNCONDITIONAL MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE 1 tion in order to stimulate heightened • RELIEVES TENSION 4 FATIGUE precautions, which could then be eval- BRANFORD HOUSE, Dept. BSP2623» Branford House Bldg. Provides a cushion of air Box 4558, Newburgh, NY 12550 uated. some other special aspect of Or number of restful Sleep Pillows: * HELPS YOU BREATHE & Please send following national policy might thereby be One for $2.88 plus ship/hand (Total $3.83) SLEEP MUCH EASIER 95

* IDEAL FOR 2-PILLOW USERS . . . Enclosed is (NY res. add sales tax for your area) allowed to remain totally ignorant that $ EVEN BETTER CHARGE my MC VISA Exp. date they have been detected. Acct# In the event of war, however, it al- Elevates legs (alternate use) most surely will be necessary to sink RELIEVES TIRED, ACHING LEGS Print Name

all enemy submarines detected as soon Address -Apt . FDR RESTFUL SLEEP . . . as possible, even here one A although City .Stale. -Zip. can suggest circumstances when this ORDER TODAYS 1985 Branford Hse. div Dakota Inc. might be countermanded by higher authority. If there are ballistic missile submarines involved, almost certainly there will be orders for de- No More Overgrown termined attack with conventional Ho**1 weapons, possibly — because inter- Weeds, Grass, and Brush! national complications would be certain even with the exact time of at- ...with Garden Way's amazing • Controls nuisance growth in those areas tack specified. new TRAIL BLAZER Sickle you want to keep under control — but don't want to mow as often as your lawn! As for weapons, the most exotic are Bar Mower! missiles. Some will be land-based, • Cuts the thickest, toughest, tallest vege- with laser-controlled aiming and hom- Mow an overgrown moss like this... tation — including woody brush! ing devices. Some may be launched • Goes anywhere — even steep slopes! .from aircraft, others from attack sub- • Big 35" wide cut — powered

marines. Whether the ASW missile wheels — mows 1000 sq. ft. leaps out of a shore-based or a sea- of overgrown weeds in less based launcher, from an underground than 5 minutes! silo at long range or a submerged • Exclusively from the submarine much closer, it will fly to makers of the the vicinity of the enemy, then re- famous Troy-Bilt enter the water to home on it with a Tiller! conventional warhead. Send for FREE Details TODAY! In the near future such missiles might be launched from satellites. Or, Garden Way Manufacturing Co., Dept. A34 3 1 a elect submarine might to use a 102nd St. and 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 weapon that would operate under the

YES! I want to know more about the amazing surface, a high-speed torpedo that can TRAI L BLAZER sickle bar mower! Please send be guided by a thin wire and con- meacomplete FREE INFORMATION Package, trolled to extreme ranges before being including prices, features, Special Introductory SAVINGS OFFER, and No-Money-Down Pay- released to enter the home-on-target ment Plan. phase. Any of these weapons fulfills Name the submarine requirement for long- range standoff weapons which can be Address. Continued on page 1*7 City

State ^Zip- JUNE 1985 _ 1

Planer Molder Saw tJF^lJiJES^I Slip ^MFC3IFtLifQ{ 3 Power TOOLS 4

June is when graduates are told "the future is yours" — and the bright ones want to lease it back.

I have nothing against Michael Jackson, but if any kid of mine wants to go around wearing only one glove, he'd better be playing baseball. Now you can use this ONE power-feed shop to turn rough lumber into moldings, trim, flooring, furniture

—ALL popular patterns. RIP-PLANE-MOLD . . . sepa- rately or all at once with a single motor. Low Cost

. . . You can own this power tool for only $50 down. I've never understood those hotels 30^ay FREE Trial! exc^ngTacts that feature a mirror on the ceiling NO OBLIGATION—NO SALESMAN WILL CALL over the bed. I mean, who's gonna FOLEY-BELSAW CO. The ivorst thing that can happen to HUSHRUSH LUUrLMmilPHN in 9 0664 FIELD BLDG shave bed? June graduates and their parents is to JODA Y! ^^^r kansas city, mo. 641 depart the ceremonies filled with hope, Foley-Belsaw Co. enthusiasm and expectation -and go 90664 Field Bldg. Kansas City, Mo. 64111 home in a cab driven by a Ph.D. in VEC Please send me complete facts about «—1 • to PLANER -iwni-MOLDERncR_<5AW-SAW andanA details about 30-day trial offer.

Name, The football players were nice guys but not all that swift. One of them Address. graduated magna cum huh? City I _ ^State______—

Every June my wife gets sentimental. Just this morning she said that every woman should cherish her wedding day. I said, "Because it's the first time she'll know the true meaning of happi- ness?" She said, "No. Because it's the last time she'll walk down an aisle without a shopping cart."

When I was a teen-ager I was firmly convinced my parents had never learned how to read a clock. Because MODELS every time I'd come home, they'd say, AVAILABLE "Do you know what time it is?"

s s Make 25to 100 per hour It really doesn't pay to try to console with people. My neighbor said he was going to give up the game because he lost three balls in one day. I said, "So you

Yes, it's really possible by making lost three balls in one day. Lots of golf- and selling bright, colorful Badge- A-Minit buttons. Buttons are proven ers do that." He said, "I'm a bowler." money-makers at fairs, flea markets, When you go out to the beach and you conventions, or anywhere people congregate They're fast and see someone who measures ^2-26-36 in easy to make with Badge-A- Mimi and inexpensive! a mini-bikini, just remember that Send for a FREE full color catalog and idea book, or send what's really important is the intellec- for a Starter Kit. only $24.95 I plus $1.75 shipping. (IL resi- For Father's Day, my kids always tual capacity and emotional maturity dents add $1 50 tax) give me a shaving lotion called English of the person underneath. Let me tell Badge-A-Mlnlt. Dept. AL685 348" 3 NoNorth 30th Rd LaSalle. IL 61301 Leather. Which is appropriate. To you something else my wife said. them I always smell like a wallet. © 1985 Robert Orben

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

UNDERSEAS -ggggSS^Rid Your Properly CLASH li Continued from page 1^5 of Unsightly Brush Piles! Introducing...the Amazing New SUPER TOMAHAWK Chipper/ Shredder...exclusively set in motion before an enemy is even from aware he is being tracked. Garden Way! Submariners of World War II also */('* 8 powerful Chipper.. .handles big branches up to 3" in diameter with ease! will be heartened to learn that one les- 'It's an efficient Shredder. ..turns almost son of that conflict has stuck: The pol- any organic matter into perfect mulch and icy of the Navy and our submarine compost instantly! * leadership is that all new weapons will Revolutionary Mew Compact Design... 7 ways better than bulky "old-style" chipper/ be thoroughly tested before being re- shredders! leased for service. One disgraceful into beautiful FREE mulch "Professional Quality—designed, sized and weapons failure of the kind we suf- in less than one hour! priced for the homeowner! fered with our submarine torpedoes 'Exclusively from the makers of the TroyBilt Tillerl early in World War II is enough for any self-respecting navy. Non-nuclear weapons are the stand- ard for ASW, for it is not necessary to pulverize a submarine to render it Garden Way Mfg. Co. Dept. A68 permanently useless. A small hole in 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, N.Y. 12180 3 13 its pressure hull, a square foot or two

YES! I want to know more about the amazing in area, will let in tons of water per SUPER TOMAHAWK Chipper/Shredder! Please second and quickly overbalance what- send me complete details including prices, ever buoyancy the submarine can models and introductory savings right away! achieve by blowing undamaged ballast Name tanks. Surface warships have a huge Address. reserve of buoyancy — the watertight volume above the waterline, to keep City them afloat in case of damage to the State. Zip. underwater body. The submarine ©1985 Garden Way Inc. must be in neutral buoyancy when submerged — exactly the same "weight" as the water it displaces Nationally advertised at $5.95 and all of the sub is an underwater body. If its pressure hull is damaged, Now— get all 7 different a submarine can attain additional buoyancy only by emptying the ballast Hp 1982 Cents for only $2!! tanks it flooded on diving. Since these can never approach the reserve In 1982, for the first time in history, the U.S. Mint buoyancy of a surface ship, sub- produced 7 different Lincoln Cents — due to Large marines with a damaged pressure hull and Small Date varieties, production at 2 different 1982 D Mints, and a change in metal from copper to zinc. are almost certain to sink immediately Large Date Zinc to the bottom and remain there These 7 Lincolns are very difficult to find and assemble forever. Their only hope is to surface on your own. advertised all different at once, if they can. Nationally at $5.95, you get 7 Battle between submerged sub- 1982 Cents, in a special holder, for ONLY $2 FROM marines has no precedent to guide us. LITTLETONI This is a special introductory offer, limit 3 sets per customer. Plus the We can be sure of only one thing: It you get most wonder- will be more deliberate, more careful, ful price lists of U.S. coins in America, along with other more professional, than any battle at offers on approval. Adults only please. Full 45 day sea ever has been. The crews on both money-back guarantee of satisfaction. for this special price! sides will be cool, careful, highly edu- Hurry low cated technicians. They will use active Littleton Coin Company and passive sonar matched with com- puterized signatures, programmed Serving collectors nationwide since 1 945 depth profiles, electronic monitors and pertinent intelligence information. Send name, address and $2 for each set to: Littleton Coin And the extraordinary tactics in Company, Dept. SL90, Littleton, NH 03561 which they have been trained will be number of sets .total enclosed kept secret until revealed by employ- ment in war, for our society has no obligation to assist in its own assassi- nation. Prayerfully, it will never be necessary to reveal them. 1982 P Large Date JUNE 1985 Copper HAIL THE HERO Continued from page 25

Shorts?... Swim Trunks?...

opinion-makers hailed them as heroes for Yup, BOW their "idealism" and the same kind of opinion-makers held up as heroes and It's a suit for heroines the misguided Americans who all summer— showed up in Hanoi to protest American Swimming, involvement in Vietnam. Jogging, With the ability to make or unmake heroes virtually overnight, the media Volleyball do just that quite often. One recent or hero, at least for a time, was Bernard Just Sitting Goetz who gunned down some young in the Sun! thugs who were demanding money from him. Many New Yorkers, all too familiar with the kind of characters who operate with impunity on New

7 T* Executive Cut xcODAY, THE TWO-IN-ONE Take 3 for 23.50 2-POCKET SwimShorts A" Four * 3125 Don't buy just a swimsuit when you SWIM SHORTS CREATION OF can have all-around athletic good looks, a comfortable "full-stride" executive cut, ^ HABAND COMPANY 265 N. 9th St., Paterson, NJ 07530 HEROES, REAL plus versatility all in one! Look sexier, too! YES! Send pairs SwimSuits for which Haband, the mail order people from

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48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .

The ffordable heroes we are being offered in books, A magazines, movies and elsewhere. CENTURY A ward- Winning Odd to the point of freakishness, MOBILE HOME COMMUNITIES Communities some of these characters are moti- Florida vated by an obsession with violence in of huge doses. Whether these heroes are YOURS FOR: upholding law and order as private • PERMANENT eyes, policemen or secret agents, or RETIREMENT whether they are supermen and LIVING superwomen protecting planet Earth . SECOND HOME from interlopers from distant galaxies, LIVING they go in for instant extermination of • INVESTMENT all opponents in the most gruesome, ~'~ HOMES ingenious and explosive way possible. BEGIN ^ A new kind of fictional hero that is AT $15,900! emerging on television shows is not Century Communities offer you a wide range of Fun-in-the-Sun choices in new human at all. Instead it is a super- mobile home living, including communities with . . . waterfront living and marinas . . automobile or some other kind of golf course living . . . large clubhouses . . . heated swimming pools . . . Jacuzzi whirl- super-vehicle with a stunt man along for pools . . . plus many other amenities. the ride. The usual plot consists of Some are double-wide communities with prices from $29,900 and some are single- rollovers, explosions, flaming crashes, wide communities with prices from $15,900. wild chases and a grisly end for the bad guys. If this sort of thing catches on, All 11 Communities have Learn about the choices along with the advantages avail- human heroes may become obsolete, Guaranteed Lifetime Leases able to you as offered by Florida's largest provider of new replaced by a super-race of robots and mobile home communities: and are Developed other scientific super-things. MAIL TO: and Operated by This is unfortunate because authen- CENTURY COMMUNITIES (813) 647-1581 tic human heroes have always been a — C EN TV R Y — P.O. Box 5252 • Lakeland, FL 33803 powerful force for good. It is impossi- Choice locations include Name . ble to tell, for instance, how many young people who grew up in Charles Ocala, Leesburg, Wildwood, Street Address Tampa-Plant City, Winter Lindbergh's time decided to follow in City State_ Zip_ his footsteps. Many undoubtedly did Haven, Lakeland, Haines Phone ( AL-6 and some may have become heroes in City, Sebring and Eustis. u — their own right. Many and probably most of the men and women at our great military academies have hopes of serving with the same dedication and brilliance as Gen. John Pershing, Douglas MacAr- Re-Discover the Reel! thur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Chester ...for lawn quality and beauty far better than Nimitz, George S. Patton, Jeremiah A. Denton and James B. Stockdale, even the best rotary mower! not to mention such giants of the past as John Paul Jones, Ulysses S. Grant Now from Garden Way... and Robert E. Lee. ...a professional quality As Disraeli once put it, "To believe reel mower that's in the heroic makes heroes." And to- perfect for home- day, perhaps more than ever before, owners who we need genuine heroes — to give us an ideal toward which to strive. want a superior- quality lawn! The Garden Way ReelMower cuts grass cleanly with scissor-action, leaving a Send today for FREE smooth, green, healthy appearance. details and Introductory Savings

316 Garden Way Mfg. Co., Dept. A63 102nd St. and 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180

YES! Please send me complete details on the Garden Way Reel Mower, including prices and special limited-time savings.

Name

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JUNE 1985 49 "

Ride up BOYS STATE and down Continued from page 29 stairs safely. county and state elections, according to the laws of each state. Cheney has the lift you need. The Citizens of a state are instructed deluxe Wecolator for straight, curved in the duties of public offices — their and spiral staircases or the economi- function, power and limitations. cal Liberty™ Lifts for straight stair- ways. You'll ride safely from floor to Textbooks are usually provided to ex- floor in the home you love. plain the practical operation of local • Wide comfortable seats and and state government. footrests Law schools are offered and Boys • Folds out of the way for normal State citizen attorneys defend and stair use cases. In addition, • Individualized options, decorator prosecute many colors Boys States have their own newspa- • Unmatched limited warranties per, edited and printed by the boys, Contact your local Cheney represen- and the legislative sessions gain the tative or call Darlene Lewis full attention of all Boys State citizens. 1-800-782-1222. M. Carl Andrews, editor of The helping people help themselves Roanoke Times in 1957, won a Free- The CHENEYCompany dom Foundation Valley Forge Award Dept. LE, P.O. Box 188, New Berlin Wl 53151 for editorial that included: "I 414-782-1100 an am grateful for the Boys State program. It is one of the finest and most con- structive efforts by veterans to pro- tect and project the principles for which they fought three wars." FREE "You would be amazed to see the UNCIRCULATED amount of pride in patriotism that develops within these young hearts in BICENTENNIAL » EISENHOWER a week's time," Renaud said. "A week . . . it's not a whole lot of time, but as DOLLAR one Boys State program slogan says: " 'It's a week to shape a lifetime.' The Numismatic Guild will send you a FREE Uncirculated Bicentennial Eisenhower Dollar Some boys get two weeks to shape when you send for a one year subscription to our their lives. Two participants in each Also, you will become a member of The catalogs. Boys State are chosen as delegates to Guild and receive a "Preferred Member" card giv- ing access to special offerings. In addition you will Boys Nation, an annual week-long Newsletter on receive an informative bi-monthly program at the national level held in the latest developments in the coin markets. We offer the finest in rare United States Gold and Washington, D.C. Silver Coins for the Investor or Collector Send Sen. Richard G. Lugar, chairman of $3.00 to: THE NUMISMATIC GUILD, Dept.iAL-302, the Foreign Relations Commit- 35 West 35th Street, New York, N Y. 10001. Senate FOR FASTEST DELIVERY - CREDIT CARD HOLDERS tee, and an Indiana Boys State CALL TOLL FREE graduate, summed up the general feel- 1-800-847-4100 ing of most Boys State participants: "The excellence of Boys State and all (212-947-7022 in New York State) of its components is timeless. The les- sons learned by each of these boys will carry on the community service goals of The American Legion for genera- END THE AGONY OF tions to come." ITCHING INSTANTLY! 120 Year Old Remedy for psoriasis, eczema, ath- let's foot, hemorrhoids.

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50 1985... Still your luck holds.

Someone "up there" brought A priced right, wise buy. you through. "Someone" here, Just $24 per unit, per year (only 46c a now, provides vital protection week) pays up to $1 2,000 in supplemen- tal term insurance protection, depending for those you dearly love. on age. Our full twelve units deliver up to How much insurance is truly enough? $144,000, only $288 a year. You hear at the Post, read in the paper, experts say 5 times your annual income is today's average, but you don't really Act now to apply. believe that. Suddenly, from nowhere, As a Legionnaire under age 70, able to something strikes home. meet the health requirements of the A sign on your neighbor's house. plan's underwriter, you are eligible to apply. Complete your application on the • at the best "FOR IMMEDIATE SALE next page. The choice of units is yours to price offered." make. Mail application with check or money order for the correct premium amount. We'll process your application Don't accept what the experts promptly. say. For only 460 a week, Exclusions. No benefit is payable for you can provide comforting death as a result of war or an act of war, dollars. And you won't or within six months after termination of ever be "insurance poor". service in the military, naval or air force of any country or combination of countries. The American Legion Life Insurance Plan, the best ever compared to others, is available right now to you. Since 1 958 the pay-out has been more than $50 million benefit J ^ dollars to fA Legionnaires' beneficiaries. f f > x c h is!

The last five years, by reported government figures, show that your cost of living has increased more than 50%. What does this mean? Simply this. More protection, now, is a vital need. Your luck still holds, the additional dollars are readily available ACT NOW \ at a low, low cost. mail application today! f —

THE ONLY AMERICAN Officially LEGION Join the ONLY Approved Plan. LIFE INSURANCE Get up to 12 Units. Benefit PLAN 20% Bonus.

APPLY Select the TODAY num- BENEFITS—Yearly Renewable Reducing Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-781) ber of units from the chart at Benefits determined by age at death and include 20% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths right, fill out the application be- occurring during 1985. Maximum coverage limited to 12 units. low and enclose your check or 12 Units 11 Units 10 Units 8 Units 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money order for the prorated Age at Death $288 per yr. $264 per yr. $240 per yr. $192 peryr. $144 peryr. $120 peryr. $96 per yr. $72 per yr. $48 per yr. $24 per yr. premium indicated to provide Through age 29 $144,000 $132,000 $120,000 $96,000 $72,000 $60,000 $48,000 $36,000 $24,000 $12,000 coverage for the rest of the cal- 30-34 115,200 105,600 96,000 76,800 57,600 48,000 38,400 28,800 19,200 9,600 endar year. 35-44 64,800 59,400 54,000 43,200 32,400 27,000 21,600 16,200 10,800 5,400 45-54 31,680 29,040 26,400 21,120 15,840 13,200 10,560 IF YOU LIVE IN FL, IL, NJ, NY, 7,920 5,280 2,640 55-59 NC. OH, PR, TX, or Wl send for 17,280 15,840 14,400 11,520 8,640 7,200 5,760 4,320 2,880 1,440 60-64 11,520 10,560 9.600 special application. Applications 7,680 5,760 4,800 3,840 2,880 1,920 960 65-69 7,200 6,600 6,000 4,800 3,600 and benefits vary slightly in 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,200 600 70-74* some areas. Make check or 4,752 4,356 3,960 3,168 2,376 1,980 1,584 1,188 792 396 75*-Over 3,600 3,300 3,000 2,400 1,800 money order payable to: The 1,500 1,200 900 600 300 American Legion Life Insurance Prorated Premiumf $144 $132 $120 $96 $72 $60 $48 $36 $24 $12 Plan. *No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance. 9 and 7 units also available. Please write for details.

fPRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR APPLICATION. The INCONTESTABILITY Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has

premiums shown above are for the balance of 1985 for approved been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date.

applications effective July 1, 1985. Premiums for applications effec- tive Aug. 1 or later are proportionately less, by $2 UNIT PER PER MAIL TO: The American Legion Life Insurance Plan MONTH, and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 accompanying non-approved applications will be refunded in full.

Your insurance effective first EFFECTIVE DATE becomes on the day of Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. the month coinciding with or next following the date your application is received, subject to Insurance Company's approval. Insurance Application Subject to Underwriter's Approval may be maintained in force by payment of premiums when due.

ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION OF INFORMATION

Information regarding your in- Full Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Name_ Last First Middle Mo. Day Year fidential except that Trans- america Occidental Life In- Permanent Residence- surance Co. may make a brief Street City State Zip report to the Medical Informa- -Relationship- tion Bureau (M.I B.) a non-profit Name of Beneficiary. Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" membership organization of life insurance companies which Membership Card No Year Post No State- operates an information ex- change on behalf of its I apply for the number of units indicated: |~j members. Upon request by another member insurance The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment: Answer all questions. company to which you have ap- actively working? plied for life or health insurance, 1. Present occupation? , — .Are you now or to which a claim is submit- , If , , Yes No no, give reason , , ted, the M.I.B. will supply such 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, company with the information it length of stay and cause. may have in its files. 3. During the last five years, have you had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, The Company may also release lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood information in its file to its rein- pressure or alcoholism? No Yes If yes, give details surers and to other life in- surance companies to which this card are true you may apply for life or health I represent that to the best ot my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on enrollment

and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. insurance, or to which a claim I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to is submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- Dated , 19 Applicant American Legion offers this Insurance through Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company, closure of any information it The Home Office: Los Angeles, California ccoc may have in your file. Medical 0003 GMA 300 19 12-79 (Univ.) information will only be dis- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION closed to your attending physi-

at left. Further, I authorize any cian. If you question the ac- I have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person rection in accordance with the having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica Occidental Life In- procedures set forth in the Fed- surance Company any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. The address of the Bureau's in- Signature of Applicant formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated , 19 is Essex Station, Boston, Mass. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number ^_ 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. — ! —

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NEW HOPE FOR DIABETICS

By Edward Edelson New information venient as possible, so that patients could take only one shot a day. But as about insulin use is they looked closer, they realized that could be the decade when among the medical they had created an unnatural situa- THISwe conquer diabetes, the in- tion. The body normally produces a sidious disease that's one of advancespromis- steady supply of insulin, so blood the leading killers, cripplers sugar remains in a narrow range. A and blinders of Americans. ing diabetics more one-a-day shot gives a quick drop in From laboratories and medical blood sugar, followed by a gradual in- centers all over the United control over their crease as the effects of the insulin States come reports of new treatments lives. Here's wear off. Many experts now believe and research advances that promise to what that it's this roller-coaster effect that reduce the deadly complications of has been learned. contributes to the development of diabetes, cure it for some individuals, damaging complications, and that and even spot the disease before it problems might be prevented by keep- happens in others and prevent it- ing blood sugar as close to the normal Some of the advances use techniques now stop the progression of diabetic range as possible. from the frontiers of medical research eye damage in many patients, in a That's what the new trial is testing. laser therapy, transplantation and man- technique called photocoagulation. Under the direction of Dr. John E. ipulation of the body's complex immunol- "Our ability to treat diabetic eye Godine of Massachusetts General Hospi- ogical system. Others are as simple as disease in the last seven or eight years tal in Boston, medical centers across the having a diabetes patient be careful has really improved," said Dr. Robert country will follow hundreds of diabetes about his weight and diet. Taken all to- Silverman, chief of the diabetes pro- patients for as long as a decade, to see gether, they provide the most hopeful gram branch at the National Institute whether tight control does reduce or picture of the fight against diabetes since of Arthritis, Diabetes and Digestive eliminate diabetic complications. insulin was discovered in 1922. Diseases. "Photocoagulation is effec- The medical technology for better To diabetes sufferers, who were then tive in minimizing or lessening the control is certainly available. Perhaps doomed to a slow and inevitable death, changes that lead to blindness." the most impressive new device is the that discovery seemed a miracle. In- And the National Eye Institute is insulin pump, a Walkman-sized ma- stead of wasting away, they were able sponsoring a nationwide test of a new chine that a diabetic can wear on a belt to lead near-normal lives with just an drug with promise against both the eye and that provides a steady flow of in- injection or two of insulin a day. But as damage and the nerve problems caused sulin to the body. the years went on, it became distres- by diabetes. Researchers believe that a An insulin nose spray is another singly evident that insulin was not a lot of that damage occurs when the ex- possible tool for better blood sugar cure for diabetes but only a control. cess sugar in the blood of diabetics is control, researchers at Boston Uni- Patients too often experienced a prog- metabolized into a chemical called sor- versity reported in April. They had ressive deterioration of the blood ves- bitol, which gradually accumulates in eight volunteers use the nasal spray sels that could cause major problems, nerve and blood vessel cells and dam- just before meals, providing an extra depending on which vessels were most ages them. A new drug called sorbinol dose of insulin to help handle the surge affected — for example, blindness if the appears to stop that buildup and thus of sugar into the blood that follows vessels were in the eyes; gangrene of prevent the damage. eating. The results were excellent, as the legs; kidney failure; or a painful Meanwhile, the federal government reported, although they added that nerve condition called neuropathy. is sponsoring an even bigger study more work is needed to find the most Basic research is starting to yield ef- with much larger implications for all effective kind of nasal spray. fective ways to prevent these compli- the complications of diabetes. The The nasal spray would not do away cations. For example, a few blasts of study, the Diabetes Control and with insulin injections which would light from a high-powered laser can Complications Trial, is based on a still be needed to maintain basic levels complete change of mind by the ex- of insulin in the blood. But the spray Edward Edelson, a science writer for perts on the best way to use insulin. could eliminate the sudden leap of the New York Daily News, specializes For decades, diabetologists concen- sugar in the blood stream, an increase in articles about science and medicine. trated on making insulin shots as con- that is believed to contribute to long-

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

Diabetics can look to brighter days ahead as new treatment methods promise them longer and healthier lives.

most notably Dr. Paul E. Lacy of the Washington University in St. Louis, are trying to transplant only the insulin-producing islet cells, which are separated from the rest of the pan- creas. For many years, that effort was frustrated because the body's immune system attacked and killed the im- planted islet cells. One promising development is the finding that this rejection process t;an be counteracted by incubating the islet cells for a time before they are transplanted. An even more exciting prospect is that Type I diabetes can be prevented. Re- searchers such as Dr. Fredda Ginsberg of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York believe that they have a good han- dle on what causes the disease. Their studies indicate that in some genetically susceptible individuals, a viral infection somehow kicks off an unusual immunol- ogical response that destroys the islet cells. Ginsberg has been able to identify children at high risk for the disease. "In some families, we can tell who will get diabetes," she said. Some researchers believe that Type I diabetes can be prevented by using drugs that limit the body's immune term problems faced by diabetics. the pancreas, called islets, don't make response — the same kind of drugs An equally impressive achievement insulin at all. The other is called Type used to make transplants succeed. is the development of simple blood II. It is a condition in which the body's The fight against Type II diabetes tests that allow diabetics to check supply of insulin is normal, but some- the kind that most often affects the their sugar levels many times how, cells lack receptor molecules that middle-aged — is pointing not to exotic throughout the day by taking drops of allow the insulin to do its proper job. biomedical measures but to basic blood from a fingertip. If the trial works out as hoped, then many diabet- ics will know that they can control their own fate. "The frustrating part if of it is that the trial will take a long n impressive new device is the time," Silverman said. "But our goal is to get answers by 1990." A insulin pump, a Walkman- In one area, at least, very careful blood sugar control has paid off in sized machine that can be worn on a human lives. Not many years ago, belt and provides a steady physicians often would advise diabetic flow of women not to become pregnant be- insulin to the body. J f cause their babies ran an extremely high risk of death, serious complica- tions or severe birth defects. But re- One answer to Type I diabetes is dietary advice. In many cases, said Sil- searchers such as Dr. Lois Jovanovic transplantation, to which there are dif- verman, someone who has a slight case of Cornell Medical School, New York, ferent approaches. At the University of Type II diabetes can keep things have shown that many of those prob- of Minnesota, a team headed by Dr. completely under control simply by los- lems can be eliminated if a diabetic David E. R. Sutherland is doing pan- ing weight and eating a diet that con- mother-to-be watches her blood sugar creas transplants, taking about half of tains a lot of fiber, which helps the body levels like a protective hawk. the organ from a donor and implanting control blood sugar better. But the most revolutionary research it in a diabetic. "The majority of Type II diabetics efforts are those that aim at curing or "Since 1978, we've done approx- are overweight," Silverman said. "If preventing diabetes. Those efforts are imately 100 transplants," Sutherland they lose weight, their diabetes will go divided into two strikingly different said. About 30 patients have been able away or become less severe. That's branches, each aimed at one of the two to remain off insulin. Our best results not very glamorous, but it is cheap different forms of diabetes. One form have been with transplants from rela- and doesn't involve a lot of high-tech. is called Type I diabetes, in which the tives. However, it's the hardest thing to get specialized insulin-producing cells of A number of other researchers, a person to do."

JUNE 1985 55 PARTING SHOTS

A Funny Last Name Little Sammy, a terror at home, was attending nursery school for the first time when the teacher asked his name. "Sammy Don't!" he replied. —Clyde Aster

Send Me a Dozen A women's libber, demonstrating outside a department store in San Francisco, cried, "Free Women! Free Women!" A male passerby, who had just emerged from the store, cried: "Mar- velous! Do you deliver?" —Mrs. Leatha E. Beck

Two for One The little boy's father came home from work and noticed a sign in front of the house that read: DOG FOR SALE— ONE CENT. He told his son, "One cent is too low a price for a dog." The next morning the boy changed the sign to read: DOG FOR SALE — "Don't worry, a barking dog never bites! $10,000. When the dad came home that night, he saw that the sign was gone. Yummy Yum Definition "Did you sell your $10,000 dog?" he A student in a chemistry lab asked Underwear fashion show: Brief asked. his teacher, "What's the first lesson?" encounter. "Sure did," the boy replied. "I got The teacher replied, "Don't lick the —Ernest Lyon two $5,000 cats for him." spoon." —Kenneth E. Hall —Louise Marty Bye, Bye A hot-tempered boss caught an em- One for All He Saw the Light ployee reading a newspaper during A bachelor is a fellow who wakes up A passenger on a night flight was working hours and barked, "When you in the morning with all of the blanket. talking to the pilot. "How do you man- get to the 'Help Wanted' section, start —James Roman age to fly this plane in the dark?" making notes." "There's a light on the tip of the — Kris Lee right wing, a light on the tip of the left wing and a light on the tail. All I have T to do is to keep the plane between the Heading the Wrong Way lights," the pilot explained. The wife of an eccentric professor —Martha J. Beckman told him he had his hat on backward. "How do you know which way I'm go- ing?" he asked. Payday Presents —Abner W. Smith Overheard during coffee break: "He isn't exactly overpaid but they should gift wrap his paycheck." Getting a Charge —Oliver E. Frazier While stopping at a hotel, a man asked for some stationery. "Are you a guest of the hotel?" came the reply. Free and Jobless "No," answered the man indig- Tell your boss what you think of him nantly. "I certainly am not. I'm paying and the truth will set you free. $50 a day!" "It's those grouches down below —Frank Tyger —John R. Daniels us again ..."

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