Knowledge Is Beautiful sampler David McCandless hello Welcome to this sampler of my latest infographic book. I love ideas, truth & beauty. I love to understand the world. So both tomes are full to the brim with data-visualizations & information designs driven by my own questions and ignorance. They free-range across science, nature, thought, food, pop - anything strange and interesting. I was out to sate my thirst for knowledge with this book. I hope you find some of these graphics rich and complex enough to sate yours. David McCandless Sep 2016 awarness mind intellect group mind structured linked inter-connected TYPE data data information information knowledge knowledge ART VISUALISATION DESIGN MAPPING PROCESS mine examine filter connect evaluate integrate gather recognise interpret sequence understand extrapolate measure classify arrange condense explain generate METAPHOR atoms molecules DNA chromosomes cells organisms Simple Birth-defect chances Child Killers Child Murderers Times Tables Times Risky business Main causes of death Who does it? Error rate 10% 60% Friend / other Disease Homicide Parent / step-parent Stranger relative 12 PARENTS RISK ODDS 1 IN XX 82 3 60 15 2 11 Unrelated 2.4% 41 10 Father over 40 2.6% 36 9 Father over 50 2.8% 38 8 7 Mother over 34 3.7% 27 Distant blood 6 relatives 5.3% 19 5 First cousins 6.1% 16 4 CUMULATIVE RISK Older first cousins 3 (he 51, she 38) 11.4% 9 12 1 23 Accidents Suicide Unknown 2 1 sources: The Lancet, Sheridan et al (2013), Yang et al (2007) source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Data (2010) source: UK Office of National Statistics, 2011–12. Warning: small sample size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 source: private study by Caddington School of 232 children, 5-8 years old Salt body needs 2 grams per day 5 6 1 teaspoon worldwide average intake 10 Pass the Salt Avg bag 0.8 grams World Health Organisation 2 2.4 Most governments’ 4 Sodium of crisps intake target for 2025 current daily guideline Unprocessed food Processed food Tap water Added at the table 10% 75% 1% 10–20% sources: World Health Organisation, Institute of Food Research, Campbell et al (2012) Cost per Big Country Death Rows Total cost of death penalty for California 1978–2010 Executions execution $1,940m $1,020m $925m Death-penalty trials Incarceration costs State appeals Antarctica the Moon $156m Federal appeals 13 $310m source: NASA, Google Maps source: ‘Executing the Will of the Voters’, Alarcón & Mitchell (2010) data: bit.ly/KIB_Simple1 The Stellar Nursery Star Exploding object (nova) ‘Exotic’ Star Black Hole-type object Galaxy object Cloud SMALL Young Main Brown Dwarf Planetary Protoplanetary Protostar Herbig Magnetar Pulsar Supernova Soft Gamma Extreme Gravastar Dark Dark Star Stellar Object Sequence Star Nebula Nebula Ae/Be Star Imposter Repeater Helium Star Energy Star (Dark Matter) A star in an early Stars in the Lacks the bulk to A glowing shell A glowing shell of A contraction in Young star Small, ultra-dense Highly magnetic A massive stellar Unknown object Very rare stellar A gravitational Black-hole Theoretical object stage of evolution. hydrogen-burning trigger reactions of electrified gas electrified gas a molecular cloud inside a gas- star with gigantic neutron star explosion that emitting large, entity, with almost vacuum star – replacement that may have main phase of their necessary to shine. expanding from generated as a that precedes the dust envelope. magnetic field emitting pulsed has not destroyed irregular bursts of no hydrogen, the a theoretical made from vacuum existed in the early life. Often called Often a companion a dying star. star runs out of birth of a star. spinning 100’s of beams of light like its parent sun. gamma radiation most common alternative to or maybe dark universe before dwarves. to a larger star. nuclear fuel. times per second. a lighthouse. & X-rays. element. black holes. energy. normal stars formed. Giant Sub Giant T. Tauri Bright Giants Blue Straggler Neutron Star Dwarf Nova Luminous Stellar Bok Globule Supernova Cataclysmic Dark Star Preon Star Electroweak star Red/Blue Nova Black Hole Remnant Variable Star (Newtonian) Large hydrogen- Bright & on its way A proto-star about Somewhere in Slightly mysterious Rapidly spinning A small dwarf star Explosion caused Ultra-dense object Dense dark cloud A star in Two stars, a white An alternative Small, compact I can’t explain fusing star a few to becoming a 100 million years between giants & stars that don’t collapsed core of sucking material by the collossal formed when a of cosmic dust & mid-explosion, dwarf & a very & more stable star made of this one. It’s far too hundred times the supergiant. Rich in into its growth, supergiants, very follow the usual a massive star, from a giant star, merging of two massive star gas-like cocoons forming a close ‘donor’ star object than a theoretical complicated for radius of the Sun. metals & often before it becomes bright but not curve of star dense & made causing flares & stars. gravitationally where stars can bubble-like that feeds the traditional particles. this little box. with planets. a full star. overly massive. evolution. mostly of neutrons. belches. collapses on itself. be born. shockwave. host dwarf star. black hole. Supergiant Hyper Giant Flare Star Peculiar Star Supernova Hypernova Pulsating / Wolf–Rayet Molecular Cloud Compact Star Micro Quasar Luminous Iron Star Quark Star Thorne–Żytkow Variable Star Star or H2 Region Blue Variable Object Biggest & brightest Short-lived but Type of flickering Stars unusually Exploding star, Massively Brightness Massive, very Large interstellar Very massive A very small Very large & Complex quantum Massive neutron Giant star with a of stars. Massive, incredibly bright star with very high in metals often briefly high-energy stellar appears to flicker bright old stars cloud & often unknown type quasar only a few unstable star effects turn light star so dense that second object, a hot & destined to & massive stars, unpredictable & such as mercury & outshining the explosion. May & fluctuate as shedding massive stellar nurseries of star at the times bigger than prone to dramatic into iron inside this the neutrons break neutron star, at its explode into shedding huge dramatic increases manganese. brightness of a create deadly seen from Earth. layers of their where stars are end of its life. the Sun. energetic outbursts. object, creating down into ‘strange core. supernovae. amounts of mass. in brightness. entire galaxy. gamma-ray bursts. mass. birthed. a metal star. matter’. Galactic Open Star Spiral Galaxy Barred Globular Elliptical Quasar Blazar Lenticular White Supermassive Ultramassive Black Dwarf Planck Star Cluster Cluster Spiral Galaxy Cluster Galaxy Galaxy Dwarf Black Hole Black Hole Unimaginably huge Group of a few Billions of stars Common version, Spherical group Oval masses of Very energetic Very compact Old, thin galaxies The burnt-out Over 1–10,000 Even bigger – a When a white Microscopic star collections thousand stars collected in a flat, featuring a central of stars orbiting old stars without & active nucleus quasar shooting with both a bulge remains of a star million times mere 10–40,000 dwarf sufficiently residing at the of thousands of of the same age, rotating disc with bar-shaped in the outer halo discs & with of a galaxy – the two massive jets & a disk, but only once it’s used up bigger than a million times bigger cools & no longer centre of a black galaxies bound formed from the a distinctive central structure made of a galaxy. little new star brightest objects of energy from very vague spiral all its hydrogen. normal black hole. than your average emits heat or light. hole. together. same cloud. ‘bulge’. of stars. formation. in the universe. its poles. arms. black hole. MASSIVE COMMON RARE THEORETICAL sources: NASA, Space.com, Wikipedia data: bit.ly/KIB_Stellar Best in Show INTELLIGENCE SIZE The ultimate data-dog dumb clever small medium large Herding Hound Non-sporting Sporting Terrier Toy Working Inexplicably overrated Hot dog! Beagle Labrador Retriever Shih Poodle Doberman Pinscher Tzu Dachshund Golden Retriever Miniature Schnauzer Great Dane German Shepherd Yorkshire Chihuahua Terrier Boxer public popularity popularity public Bulldog Pomeranian French Bulldog Cavalier King Siberian Shetland Rottweiler Charles Spaniel Pug German Husky Sheepdog Shorthaired Pointer English Cocker Maltese Bernese Springer Spaniel Mountain Dog Pembroke Boston Terrier Spaniel Bullmastiff Welsh Corgi Australian Shepherd Newfoundland Mastiff Rhodesian Chesapeake Bay Retriever Brittany Ridgeback West Highland White Terrier Papillon Basset Hound Bichon Frise Bull Terrier Australian Border Collie Scottish Cattle Dog Akita Terrier Saint Bernard Bloodhound Italian Greyhound Samoyed Irish Setter Cairn Terrier Whippet Alaskan Lhasa Malamute Pekingese Apso English Cocker Staffordshire Spaniel Bull Terrier Chow Chow Dalmatian Brussels Griffon Old English English Setter Tibetan Terrier Sheepdog Bouvier des Border Terrier Flandres Irish Wolfhound Flat-Coated Afghan Hound Retriever Basenji Giant Schnauzer Gordon Setter Borzoi Tibetan Spaniel Norfolk Terrier Saluki Belgian Tervuren Pointer Australian Terrier Kerry Blue Terrier English Toy Briard OUR DATA SCORE Spaniel Welsh Springer Clumber Spaniel Spaniel Bedlington Terrier Affenpinscher intelligence longevity ailments costs grooming appetite data score Greyhound Dandie Dinmont Terrier Rightly ignored Overlooked treasures Pharaoh Hound our data score sources: American Kennel Club, Cassidy (2007), Canine Inherited Disorders Database, ‘The Intelligence of Dogs’, Stanley Coren data: bit.ly/KIB_BestDogs Meditation imagine a string lightly pulling up your head The Gist Good Posture Also Good chill man meditating is acknowledging mentally alert, and observing whatever still eyes closed / 10% open happens – pleasant or breathe naturally unpleasant – in a relaxed way. tongue on through the nose roof of mouth no ‘no thoughts’ straight the goal of meditation is spine tuck chin not to empty the mind, but shoulders relaxed, to observe the present dropped and back moment non-judgementally.