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Family Farming Has Played in About the Contributors Addressing One of the Pressing Challenges of Our Age—Reducing Hunger

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Family Farming Has Played in About the Contributors Addressing One of the Pressing Challenges of Our Age—Reducing Hunger CONTENTS MSSRF Brilliantly written and well-grounded in real life examples, this collection of Science for Sustainable Development List of Tables, Figures and Boxes research papers explores in a concise form the role family farming has played in About the Contributors addressing one of the pressing challenges of our age—reducing hunger. Foreword — Dr. Daniel Ruiz de Garibay Asia-Pacific Sector Coordinator, World Rural Forum. MSSRF 1. Sustainabiity of Small Family Science for Sustainable Development Farms in Asia-Pacific Countries: Challenges and Opportunities T. HAQUE Family farms produce the majority of Asia’s food using, on average, a hectare of 2. Families, Farms and Changing land or less a piece. As populations grow, living standards rise, and as populations Gender Relations in Asia migrate into cities from rural areas, they will be under more pressure than ever to AMIT MITRA • NITYA RAO improve their yields and to withstand climactic and market shocks. At IFAD, we Family 3. Sustaining and Enhancing Small invest in these smallholder and family farms because we have seen, over and over Family Farm Productivity in an Era of again, that it is possible for them to meet these challenges. Family farming has Emerging Challenges proven its potential to be an efficient, lucrative, and environmentally sound busi- Farming AJAY PARIDA Farming Family Meeting the Zero Hunger Challenge ness. This publication provides a fresh and much-welcomed perspective on how 4. Economics of Family Farming: A Study of Returns from Crop we can better ensure that the business of family farming sustains inclusive rural Production in India development for generations to come. That family farming can meet the Zero Hunger Challenge launched at the Rio + VIKAS RAWAL — Dr. Hoonae Kim Farming Meeting the Zero Hunger Challenge 20 Summit in 2012 is the thesis behind 5. Nutri-Farms: A Review of the Director, Asia and the Pacific Region, International Fund for Evidence on Nutritional Impact of Agricultural Development (IFAD), Rome. this collection of papers, rich in data Agriculture in India Food and agriculture organization (Fao) and content on issues relating to India J.V. MEENAKSHI M.S. SWaMiinathan reSearch Foundation (MSSrF) and the larger Asia Pacific context. 6. Agriculture and Youth in the Asia- Presented as background for the Asia- Pacific Region: Status and Challeng- Pacific Regional Consultation com- es with Special Reference to India Challenge Zero Hunger Meeting the memorating 2014 as the International R. RAMAKUMAR Year of Family Farming, these papers 7. Conservation of Family Farming emphasise the fact that family farm- Heritage ing is both a way of life and a means N. ANIL KUMAR • L. VEDAVALLI to sustainable livelihood. Agricultural economists, anthropologists, scientists, academics have come together to bring out clearly the importance of family farming in agriculture, highlighting gender roles as well as mainstreaming nutritional aspects. Not just strengthen- FAO ISBN 978-92-5-109229-3 ing household food, nutrition and liveli- hood security, family-run farms have helped conserve agro-biodiversity and a 978 9251 092293 wide range of crop varieties, and made I5650E/1/05.16 seed production and storage a part of ISBN 13: 978-93-327-0348-3 their work and culture. This book will Jacket cover ACADEMIC FOUNDATION capture the interest of everyone who ISBN 978-93-327-0342-1 cover image: Shutterstock, © rawpixel.com NEW DELHI MANESAR T: +91-11-23245001-04 T: +91-124-4215070-71 believes a hunger-free world is not an Jacket cover design: the Book Mint; ACADEMIC FOUNDATION Frontdesign cover copyright image, ©courtesy: academic Amit Foundation. Mitra; back cover email: [email protected] impossible dream. image, courtesy: Rajiv Krishnamnurthy. Jacket design: www.academicfoundation.orgNEW DELHI MANESAR The Book Mint; copyright: © Academic Foundation. ` (indian subcontinent) email: [email protected] 1095 www.academicfoundation.org ` 1195 (Indian subcontinent) 65mm 65mm gripper gripper Family Farming Family Farming Meeting the Zero Hunger Challenge www.academicfoundation.org www.academicfoundation.com Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) Chennai, 2016 First published in 2016 by ACADEMIC FOUNDATION 4772-73 / 23 Bharat Ram Road, (23 Ansari Road), Darya Ganj, New Delhi - 110 002 (India). Phones : 23245001 / 02 / 03 / 04. Fax : +91-11-23245005. E-mail : [email protected] www.academicfoundation.org Disclaimer: The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Food and Agriculture Organiza- tion of the United Nations (FAO), or of the M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authori- ties, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific compa- nies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, or MSSRF in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO, or MSSRF. ISBN 978-92-5-109229-3 (FAO) © FAO and MSSRF, 2016 FAO and MSSRF encourage the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this infor- mation product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial product or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO and MSSRF as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s and MSSRF’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaption rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected]. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected] Cataloging in Publication Data--DK Courtesy: D.K. Agencies (P) Ltd. <[email protected]> Asia Pacific Regional Consultation on the Role of Family Farming in the 21st Century: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenge by 2015 (2014 : Chennai, India) Family farming meeting the zero hunger challenge / [organizers], FAO, MSSRF. pages cm Papers presented in Asia Pacific Regional Consultation on the Role of Family Farming in the 21st Century: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenge by 2015, held at Chennai on August 7-10, 2014. ISBN 9789332703421 1. Family farms--Economic aspects--India--Congresses. 2. Family farms--Economic aspects--Pacific Area--Congresses. 3. Sustainable agriculture--India--Congresses. 4. Sustainable agriculture--Pacific Area--Congresses. I. M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (Chennai, India), organizer. II. FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, organizer. III. Title. HD1476.I4M77 2014 DDC 338.10954 23 Typeset, printed and bound by The Book Mint, New Delhi. www.thebookmint.in Contents List of Tables, Figures and Boxes . 7 About the Contributors . .11 Foreword . .15 1. Sustainability of Small Family Farms in Asia-Pacific Countries: Challenges and Opportunities T. HAQUE. 17 2. Families, Farms and Changing Gender Relations in Asia Amit Mitra and NitYA Rao . 41 3. Sustaining and Enhancing Small Farm Productivity in an Era of Emerging Challenges AJAY Parida . 125 4. Economics of Family Farming: A Study of Returns from Crop Production in India Vikas RAWal . 165 5. Nutri-Farms: A Review of the Evidence on Nutritional Impact of Agriculture in India J.V. Meenakshi. 195 FAMILY FARMING 6 . 6. Agriculture and Youth in the Asia-Pacific Region: Status and Challenges with Special Reference to India R. RAMAKUMAR. 213 7. Conservation of Family Farming Heritage N. ANIL Kumar and L. Vedavalli. 245 List of Tables, Figures and BOXes Tables 1.1 Average Size of Holdings and Percentage Share of Small Farms in Total Number and Area of Operational Holdings . 19 1.2 Poverty Headcount Ratio in Select Countries . 21 1.3 Annual Growth Rate of Agriculture Value Added Per Worker (Constant 2005 US$) (2000-2012). 22 1.4 Per Hectare Yields of Various Agricultural Food Commodities and Annual Growth Rates . 23 1.5 Use of Family Labour as Percentage of Total Labour in Paddy Cultivation in India, 2010-11 . 24 2.1 Changes in Farm Size for Selected Countries . 44 2.2 Changing Patterns of Employment in Agriculture by Gender and Sub-region . 65 3.1 Extent of Adoption of CA Worldwide . 134 4.1 Number of Holdings and Area Operated, Household and Total Holdings, Selected Countries: Asia . 167 4.2 Location of PARI Villages . 169 4.3 Income from Crop Production, Median, Average of Top 5 Households and Highest Income, by Village (Rupees per Household, 2005-06 Prices) . 171 4.4 Proportion of Households with Negative Incomes from Crop Production, by Village (%) . 173 FAMILY FARMING 8 . 4.5 Proportion of Cultivators with Below Average Returns from Cultivation of Selected Crops, by State, 2009-10 . 176 4.6 Proportion of Cultivators with Negative Returns, by Crop, All States, 2001-02 to 2010-11 (%) . 177 4.7 Proportion of Cultivators with Negative Returns from Cultivation of Cereals, by State, 2009-10. 179 4.8 Proportion of Cultivators with Negative Returns from Cultivation of Pulses, by State, 2009-10 . 180 4.9 Proportion of Cultivators with Negative Returns from Cultivation of Oilseeds, by State, 2009-10 . 181 4.10 Proportion of Cultivators with Negative Returns from Cultivation of Cotton, Sugarcane, Potato and Onion, by State, 2009-10 . 182 4.11 Median Gross Value of Output and Net Income Per Acre of Operational Holding, by Village . 185 4.12 Median Gross Value of Output Per Acre of Operational Holding, by Class . 186 4.13 Median Net Income from Crop Production Per Acre of Operational Holding by Class .
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