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NATO Handbook 1985

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NATO Handbook 1985 RTH ATLANTIC E ATV ORGAN I Z ATI □ N S3 So 0 0 * NAT O HANDBOOK 1985 NATO INFORMATION SERVIC E BRUSSELS ISBN 92-845-0018-4 NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION (NATO) The North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington on 4 April 1949, created an Alliance for collective defence as defined in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter. The Alliance links fourteen European countries with the United States and Canada. MEMBER COUNTRIES Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. TABLE OF CONTENTS page The North Atlantic Council: Permanent Representatives 1 The Military Committee and Major NATO Commanders 9 Principal Officials o f the NATO International Staff10 PART I (i) The North Atlantic Treaty 13 00 Analysis of the Treaty 17 (in) How the Alliance works: 21 Political Consultation, East/West Contacts and Negotiations 22 Defence Policy 27 The n a t o Defence Planning Cycle 28 International Cooperation in Science and Technology 29 Challenges of Today’s Society 30 (iv) The Civil and Military Structure of the Alliance: 32 The North Atlantic Council, the Defence Planning Committee and the Nuclear Planning Group 33 The Permanent Representatives and National Delegations 34 The Secretary General and the International Staff 34 The Military Committee 35 The International Military Staff 35 The n a t o Commands 36 5 PART II (0 Structure and Organisatio n of the International Staff 43 (n) Civil and Military Agencies and Organisations 51 (in) The n a t o Command Structure 57 (iv) The Eurogroup 59 (v) The North Atlantic Assembly 61 (vi) The Atlantic Treaty Association 63 (v ii) The Interallied Confederation of Reserve 65 Officers Appendix 1 : Chronology 69 Appendix 2: Abbreviations in common use 101 6 THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL President*: Mr. Hans-Dietrich Genscher (Federal Republic of Germany) Chairman: Lord Carrington (United Kingdom) Secretary General of NATO Deputy Chairman: Mr. Eric da Rin (Italy) Deputy Secretary General Permanent Representatives on the North Atlantic Council: Belgium Mr. Juan Cassiers Canada Mr. James Hutchings Taylor Denmark Mr. Otto Rose Borch France Mr. Gilles Curien Federal Republic of Germany Mr. Hans-Georg Wieck Greece Mr. Stylianos Vassilicos Iceland Mr. Tomas Tomasson Italy Mr. Sergio Romano Luxembourg Mr. Jean Wagner Netherlands Mr. J. G. N. de Hoop Scheffer Norway Mr. Eivinn Berg Portugal Mr. Antonio Vaz Pereira Spain Mr. Jaime de Ojeda Turkey Mr. Osman Olcay United Kingdom Sir . iohn Graham United States Mr. David M. Abshire * An honora ry position held each year by a Foreign minister of one of the member countries. 7 THE MILITARY COMMITTEE President 1984/85: General N. Urug (Turkey) (Army) Chairman: General Comelis de Jager (Netherlands) (Army) Deputy Chairman: Lt. General Paul S. Williams, Jr. (United States) (Army) Military Representatives to the NATO Military Committee in Permanent Session: Belgium Amiral de Division E. Poullet (Navy) Canada Ll. General F. Richard (Army) Denmark Maj. General N. Holst-Serensen (Air Force) Federal Republic of Germany Lt. General P. Tandecki (Air Force) Greece Lt. General E. Papaefstathiou (Air Force) Italy Lt. General M . Sicoli (Air Force) Luxembourg Lt. Col. J.P. Heck (Army) Netherlands Lt. General B. Mus (Air Force) Norway Maj. General R. Eios (Army) Portugal Vice Admiral A. G. Ramos (Navy) Spain Vice Admiral J. M. Sobrino (Navy) Turkey Lt. General A. Ozozer (Army) United Kingdom General Sir Thomas Morony (Army) United States General R . Robinson, Jr (Army)* Chief, French Military Mission General de Division H. Navereau (Army) International Military Staff: Director: Ll. General A. Moriau (Belgium) (Air Force) THE MAJOR NATO COMMANDERS Supreme Allied Commander Europe, SACEUR: General Bernard W. Rogers (United States) Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic, SACLANT: Admiral Wesley L. McDonald (United States) Allied Commander-in-Chief, CINCHAN: Admiral Sir Nicholas Hunt (United Kingdom) * General J.N. Merritt appointed as from October 1985. 9 PR INCIPAL OFFICIALS OF THE NATO INTERNATIONAL STAFF Secretary General: Lord Carrington (United Kingdom) Deputy Secretary General: Ambassador Eric da Rin (Italy) Assistant Secretary General for Political AfTairs: Ambassador Fredo Dannenbring (Federal Republic of Germany) Assistant Secretary General for Defence Planning and Policy: Mr. James Moray Stewart (United Kingdom) Assistant Secretary General for Defence Support: Mr. Robin L . Beard (United States) Assistant Secretary General for Infrastructure, Logistics and Council Operations: Mr. C. M. E. De Laat de Kanter (Netherlands) Assistant Secretary General for Scientific and Environmental AfTairs: Mr. Henry Durand (France) Office of the Secretary General: Director of the Private Office: Mr. B. J. P. Fall (United Kingdom) 10 PART I (I) The North Atlantic Treaty Washington D.C., 4 April 1949* The Parties to this Treaty reaffirm their faith in the purposes and princi­ ples of the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all Governments. They are determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilisation of their peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, indi­ vidual liberty and the rule of law. They seek to promote stability and well-being in the North Atlantic area. They are resolved to unite their efforts for collective defence and for the preservation of peace and security. They therefore agree to this North Atlantic Treaty: a r t ic l e 1 The Parties undertake, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any international dispute in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered, and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations. ARTICLE 2 The Parlies will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being. They will seek to eliminate conflict in their international economic policies and will encourage economic collaboration between any or all of them. ARTICLE 3 In order more effectively to achieve the objectives of this Treaty, the Par­ ties, separately and jointly, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack. * The Treaty came into force on 24 August, 1949, after the deposition of the ratifications of all signatory states. 13 ARTICLE 4 The Parties will consult together whenever, in the opinion of any of them, the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the Parties is threatened. ARTICLE 5 The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all, and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence recog­ nised by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parlies so attacked by taking forthwith, individually, and in con­ cert with the other Parties, such action as il deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area. Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall immediately be reported to the Security Council. Such measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security. ARTICLE 6* For the purpose of Article 5, an armed attack on one or more of the Parties is deemed to include an armed attack — on the territory of any of the Parties in Europe or North America, on the Algerian Departments of France t, on the territory of Turkey or on the islands under the jurisdiction of any of the Parties in the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer; — on the forces, vessels, or aircraft of any of the Parties, when in or over these territories or any area in Europe in which occupation forces of any of the Parlies were stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into force or the Mediterranean Sea or the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer. a r t ic l e 7 The Treaty does not effect, and shall not be interpreted as affecting, in any way the rights and obligations under the Charter of the Parties which are members of the United Nations, or the primary responsibility of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security. * As amended by Article 2 of the Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the accession of Greece and Turkey. t On 16 January, 1963, the French Representative made a statement to the North Atlantic Council on the efTects of the independence of Algeria on certain aspects of the North Atlantic Treaty. The Council noted that insofar as the former Algerian Departments of France were concerned the relevant clauses of this Treaty had become inapplicable as from 3 July, 1962. 14 ARTICLE 8 Each Parly declares that none of the international engagements now in force between it and any other of the Parties or any third State is in con­ flict with the provisions of this Treaty, and undertakes not to enter into any international engagement in conflict with this Treaty. ARTICLE 9 The Parties hereby establish a Council, on which each of them shall be represented to consider matters concerning the implementation of this Treaty. The Council shall be so organised as to be able to meet promptly at any time.
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