Summary of Sites on Scotia Sanctuary

S ummary of Sites on Scotia

Sanctuary.

June 2014

Acknowledgments

AusPlots gratefully acknowledges the staff from Australian Wildlife Conservancy, particularly Leah Kemp for their help and support of the project and for allowing access to the property. Thanks also to volunteers Jasmin Packer and Dean Richards for their help with the field data collection and to the many volunteers who have help with data and sample processing and curation. Thanks to the Sydney Herbarium for providing the plant identifications

Contents

Introduction...... 1 Accessing the Data ...... 3 Point intercept data ...... 3 Plant collections ...... 3 Leaf tissue samples...... 3 Site description information ...... 3 Structural summary ...... 3 Leaf Area Index ...... 3 Basal area ...... 3 Soil classification ...... 4 Soil meta barcoding samples ...... 4 Soil bulk density ...... 4 3D Photo Panorama ...... 4 Fungi Collections ...... 4 Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Scotia Sanctuary ...... 8 For more information ...... 8 Appendices ...... 9

Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from within Scotia Sanctuary ...... 9 Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots ...... 9 Appendix 3. Plot locations ...... 10 Appendix 4. Point intercept data ...... 11 Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form ...... 12 Appendix 6. Structural Summary...... 14 Appendix 7. Soil Classification ...... 15 Appendix 8. Bulk density ...... 16 Appendix 9. Plant collection ...... 17

Introduction Beginning in 2012, AusPlots, part of the Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network (TERN), has undertaken surveys in Scotia Sanctuary. The surveys involved vegetation and soils work following the AusPlots Rangelands methodology, with 5 plots completed. The plots are part of over 580 plots completed nationally. Figure 1 shows the national AusPlots plot network, and Figure 2 shows the locations of the plots Scotia Sanctuary.

This report provides a snapshot of some of the data which was collected during the survey work. A more detailed description of the methods used can be found online in our AusPlots Rangelands Survey Protocols Manual (White et al. 2012), available from our website www.ausplots.org.

Figure 1. AusPlots plot network LandSat Image used courtesy of the Commonwealth Department of the Environment

Figure 2. AusPlots Rangelands plot locations Scotia Sanctuary Topographic data copyright Geoscience Australia

Accessing the Data All of the data the AusPlots collects is freely available online through the AEKOS data portal at www.aekos.org.au. It can also be viewed on the Soils to Satellites website which contains a range of useful visualisations sourced from the Atlas of Living Australia. At http://www.soils2satellites.org.au/.

Point intercept data The point intercept method is a straightforward method that is readily repeatable and requires little instruction to produce reliable plot information. It provides accurate benchmark data at each plot including substrate type and cover; as well as species structural information such as growth form, height, cover and abundance and population vertical structure. The demographic information produced at each plot can be compared spatially to indicate plot diﬀerences, and temporally to indicate change over time. Additionally, the cover data collected at each plot can be used to validate cover data extrapolated through remote sensing techniques.

Plant collections Each species that is found within the plot has an herbarium grade sample taken. These have all been formally identified by the NSW herbarium. Much of the material is then lodged at the NSW herbarium or at the Ausplots facility in Adelaide.

Leaf tissue samples All the above samples also have leaf tissue samples taken. This involves placing leaf samples from each species into a cloth bag and drying them on silica desiccant. All the dominant species have an extra 4 samples collected. These samples are available for use on application to Ausplots facility in Adelaide. They are able to be used for genetic analysis, Isotopic composition and range of other uses.

Site description information Contextual information is also collected at each site. This includes measures of slope an aspect, surface strew and lithology, and information on the grazing and fire history of the site. The sites location is also recorded with a differential GPS and the plot corners and centres (with landholder permission) marked with a star picket.

Structural summary Detailed structural summary information is also collected at each site. When combined with the height and cover information from the point intercept data it enables the creation of structural description compatible with and NVIS level 5 description.

Leaf Area Index In plots where a mid and/or upper canopy is present a measure of Leaf Area is recorded. The tool used is an LAI- 2200 and it captures LAI measurements in a range of canopies using one or two sensors attached to a single data logger (LI-COR 1990). The LAI data has a range of potential application such as studies of canopy growth, canopy productivity, woodland vigour, canopy fuel load, air pollution deposition, modelling insect defoliation, remote sensing, and the global carbon cycle.

Basal area Basal area measurements are collected across plots where woody biomass is taller than 2m. Basal area measurements provide information useful for calculating biomass and carbon levels and for structural studies. The wedge aperture, the length of string – 50 cm (and hence the distance from the eye and subsequent angle from the eye to the edges of the wedge aperture) and species count are all important in calculations. Algorithms developed for use with the basal wedge include the above data to calculate plant basal area on a per hectare basis even though

3 species are counted outside the one hectare plot area. The method is plotless but used because it is based on the concept of circles (trunks/basal area) within circles (circular plots) – the area of one varies proportionally to the change in the area of the other. Use of the basal wedge may be superseded by further improvement of the 3D photo point method and development of algorithms to provide information on vegetation community structure.

Soil classification Soils descriptions i.e. information recorded, number of recordings and coverage of locations, are generally poor across the rangelands region of Australia. The plot descriptions and soil characterisations collected will substantially alleviate this paucity of information. The data collected can also be used to increase the reliability of the rangelands component of the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia, produced by the TERN facility consistent with the Global Soil Map specifications. Analyses of the collected samples will greatly enhance the level of knowledge (e.g. nutrient and carbon levels) and hence understanding of rangelands soils and how they will respond to climate change and management options. It is hoped to eventually be able to analyse all 9 of the soil pits from within the plot using a number of different methods e.g. wet chemistry, MIR or NIR (mid infrared spectrometry or near infrared spectroscopy) either individually to provide a measure of variation of the parameter being measured across a plot or bulked together and a sub-sample extracted and analysed to provide a mean value for that parameter across a plot.

Soil meta barcoding samples Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. Soil metagenomics provides the opportunity to understand what organisms are present at survey plots and provides an indication on their abundance. The collection techniques result in a bias towards higher order organisms. All the Ausplots within Scotia Sanctuary have soil meta barcoding samples collected.

Soil bulk density The soil bulk density (BD), also known as dry bulk density, is the weight of dry soil divided by the total soil volume. The total soil volume is the combined volume of solids and pores which may contain air or water, or both. The average values of air, water and solid in soil are easily measured and are a useful indication of a soils physical condition. Soil test results are most often presented either as a percentage of soil (e.g. % organic carbon) or as a weight per unit of soil (e.g. nitrogen, mg/kg). As bulk density is a measure of soil weight in a given volume, it provides a useful conversion from these units to an area basis unit (e.g. t/ha). The resulting number gives an easily understandable idea of the carbon storage or nutritional status of the soil on an area basis.

3D Photo Panorama AusPlots uses a three-dimensional method for photographing the site. This involves taking three 360 degree panoramas in a triangular pattern. This allows the creation of a 3D model of the vegetation within the site which can be used to monitor change over time, track plot condition as well as providing a unique, fast measurement of basal area and biomass. Photo panoramas for each of the plots are shown below.

Fungi Collections AusPlots Rangelands was fortunate to have the skills of Dr Jasmin Packer while undertaking the survey at Scotia. Jasmin’s’ expertise in fungi identification and collection meant that some very valuable collections were made. Many of these are new records for the area and have been retained by the Herbarium in Melbourne who undertook the formal identifications. Tissue samples were also taken for these collections. The names of the species collected are contained in the species list for each site at the end of the document.

NSAMDD0012

NSAMDD0013

NSAMDD0014

NSAMDD0015

NSAMDD0016

Potential Uses for AusPlots Data from Scotia Sanctuary The AusPlots survey method was developed out of a dire need for consistent, national scale ecological data and surveillance monitoring. As such, the data can be used in a range of ways both in Scotia Sanctuary but also to allow comparisons across the continent. Currently, a range of researchers and land managers make use of the data and samples. Some example applications that may be applicable within the region are listed below.

• Assessing vegetation change using the AusPlots methodology as both a baseline and a continued surveillance monitoring tool. • Detecting the impact of invasive species based on soil and vegetation data. • Ground-truthing satellite derived vegetation and soil data • Soil carbon analysis using the soil bulk density samples • Mapping soil phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients using soil pit and subsite samples • Assessing fuel loading using the basal area and leaf area data. • Use of the leaf tissue samples for genetic and isotopic analysis. For more information More information on the AusPlots facility can be found on our website www.AusPlots.org

For more information regarding the survey work in Scotia Sanctuary and assistance downloading and utilising the data from AEKOS and Soils2Satellites contact Emrys Leitch, AusPlots Field Survey Officer, [email protected]

For more information regarding the AusPlots facility, contact Ben Sparrow, AusPlots Director, [email protected]

Appendices

Appendix 1. Summary of AusPlots data and samples from within Scotia Sanctuary

AusPlots Data and Samples Count

Total Collections 227

Total Leaf Tissue Samples 346

Total number of soil samples 119

Total weight of soil (kg) 119

Number of sites with Bulk Density data 4

Number of Sites with LAI 4

Number of Sites with Basal wedge 3

Total metagenomic samples 45

Total metagenomic weight (kg) 23

Appendix 2. Co-location with existing plots

AusPlots works on a mix of both new plots (where this is little existing monitoring infrastructure) and co-location with existing plots. All of the plots on Scotia Sanctuary are located within the Long-Term Research Site run by David Keith at the University of Western Sydney. The table below provides the name of the AusPlots site and those that are within 100m of the LTERN Plot site.

AusPlot name LTERN site

NSAMDD0013 S2011/4

Appendix 3. Plot locations

Plot Name Date Location latitude longitude

NSAMDD0012 03-Jun-14 Playa Lake, Scotia Sanctuary, 100kms northwest of Wentworth. -33.2631611 141.266244

NSAMDD0013 04-Jun-14 Scotia Sanctuary. 6.2km south west of park headquarters. 137km west north west of -33.2376528 141.106467 Pooncarie

NSAMDD0014 04-Jun-14 8kms north of Scotia and 131 km northwest of Wentworth -33.1679389 141.191817

NSAMDD0015 05-Jun-14 Scotia sanctuary. 13km south west of ranger station. 138km west of Pooncarie -33.311831 141.090057

NSAMDD0016 05-Jun-14 Scotia Sanctuary. 10.4km south west of ranger station. 138km west north west of -33.2822889 141.089808 Pooncarie

Appendix 4. Point intercept data * Denotes introduced species

Plot name Herbarium ID Common name Approx. % cover

NSAMDD0012 Tecticornia lylei Wiry Glasswort 3.66

NSAMDD0013 Triodia scariosa Porcupine Grass 4.75

NSAMDD0013 Eucalyptus dumosa Bunurdurk 4.06

NSAMDD0013 Calandrinia sp. 3.96

NSAMDD0013 Eucalyptus gracilis Red Mallee 3.47

NSAMDD0013 Chenopodium curvispicatum Cottony Saltbush 2.97

NSAMDD0013 Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Copper Burr 2.28

NSAMDD0014 Triodia scariosa Porcupine Grass 32.38

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus socialis Christmas Mallee 12.08

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus dumosa Bunurdurk 4.95

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus incrassata Angular Yellow Mallee 4.65

NSAMDD0014 Myoporum platycarpum subsp. platycarpum 1.98

NSAMDD0015 Casuarina cristata Belah 23.37

NSAMDD0015 Eremophila sturtii Turpentine Bush 2.28

NSAMDD0015 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Bullock Bush 1.29

NSAMDD0016 *Salvia verbenaca Vervain 10.50

NSAMDD0016 Euphorbia dallachyana Caustic Weed 7.43

NSAMDD0016 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Limestone Bindii 5.74

NSAMDD0016 Ptilotus obovatus var. obovatus 2.18

Appendix 5. Substrate and growth form

Approx. % of Growth Site Name Substrate Approx. % Cover Plot Name Growth Form Forms

NSAMDD0012 Bare Ground 91.58 NSAMDD0012 Chenopod 100.00

NSAMDD0012 Leaf Litter 8.42

Approx. % of Growth Site Name Substrate Approx. % Cover Plot Name Growth Form Forms

NSAMDD0013 Bare Ground 55.23 NSAMDD0013 Tree Mallee 34.10

NSAMDD0013 Leaf Litter 34.11 NSAMDD0013 Chenopod 19.48

NSAMDD0013 Cryptogam 8.53 NSAMDD0013 Forb 15.19

Coarse Woody NSAMDD0013 Debris 2.13 NSAMDD0013 Hummock grass 13.75

NSAMDD0013 Shrub 12.61

NSAMDD0013 Vine 3.72

NSAMDD0013 Shrub Mallee 0.86

NSAMDD0013 Tree/Palm 0.29

Approx. % of Growth Site Name Substrate Approx. % Cover Plot Name Growth Form Forms

NSAMDD0014 Leaf Litter 67.50 NSAMDD0014 Hummock grass 48.88

NSAMDD0014 Bare Ground 29.75 NSAMDD0014 Tree Mallee 44.71

Coarse Woody NSAMDD0014 Debris 1.60 NSAMDD0014 Shrub 2.68

NSAMDD0014 Cryptogam 0.98 NSAMDD0014 Tree/Palm 2.68

NSAMDD0014 Unknown 0.18 NSAMDD0014 Shrub Mallee 0.75

NSAMDD0014 Chenopod 0.30

Approx. % Approx. % of Site Name Substrate Plot Name Growth Form Cover Growth Forms

NSAMDD0015 Leaf Litter 42.58 NSAMDD0015 Tree/Palm 80.14

NSAMDD0015 Cryptogam 32.47 NSAMDD0015 Shrub 16.27

NSAMDD0015 Bare Ground 19.08 NSAMDD0015 Chenopod 3.11

Coarse Woody NSAMDD0015 Debris 5.88 NSAMDD0015 Tussock grass 0.24

Approx. % Approx. % of Site Name Substrate Plot Name Growth Form Cover Growth Forms

NSAMDD0016 Leaf Litter 60.29 NSAMDD0016 Forb 67.01

NSAMDD0016 Bare Ground 19.90 NSAMDD0016 Chenopod 20.56

NSAMDD0016 Cryptogam 17.58 NSAMDD0016 Shrub 8.12

NSAMDD0016 Gravel 2.13 NSAMDD0016 Tussock grass 4.31

NSAMDD0016 Outcrop 0.10

Appendix 6. Structural Summary

Plot name Structural description

NSAMDD0012 Tecticornia lylei low sparse samphire shrubland. Eucalyptus dumosa and E. gracilis low open mallee wood (1-2m) with mid stratum of Beyeria opaca NSAMDD0013 and ground stratum of Triodia scariosa on dune. Eucalyptus socialis, Eucalyptus dumosa, Eucalyptus incrassata open Mallee woodland to 6m with a dense Triodia scariosa understory to 40cms. No real mid layer - scattered shrubs- Myoporum NSAMDD0014 platycarpum and Acacia burkittii Casuarina cristata woodland (6-10m) with Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens and a mid-stratum of Eremophila sturtii, Senna artemisioides subsp. x coriacea and Dodonaea viscosa subsp. NSAMDD0015 angustissima (1-3m). Ground stratum is very sparse. Salvia verbenaca / Euphorbia dallachyana low open forbland with Sclerolaena obliquicuspis. Isolated emergent Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima and Eremophila glabra. No upper NSAMDD0016 stratum. Some recruitment in the Dodonaea viscosa to 40cm.

Appendix 7. Soil Classification

Lower Colour when Plot name Upper depth Horizon Texture ph. Ec. effervescence depth moist

NSAMDD0012 0 0.05 A11 Sand 7.5YR33 5 2.5 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0012 0.05 0.15 A12 Sand 10YR71 4 4.9 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0012 0.15 0.25 A13 Sand 10YR41 4 2.6 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0012 0.25 0.5 A14 Sand 10YR81 5 2.4 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0013 0 0.08 A11 Sand 10R44 5 0 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0013 0.08 0.85 A12 Sand 10R46 7 0 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0013 0.85 1 A13 Sand 10R56 9 0.1 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0014 0 0.75 A11 Sand 2.5YR36 9 0 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0014 0.75 1 A12 Sand 10R56 9 0.2 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0015 0 0.25 A1 Clayey sand 2.5YR36 Non-calcareous

NSAMDD0015 0.25 0.65 A3 Loamy sand 2.5YR46 Moderately calcareous

NSAMDD0015 0.65 0.85 B1 Sandy loam 5YR46 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0015 0.85 1 B2 Sandy loam 2.5YR46 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0016 0 0.18 A1 Loamy sand 2.5YR53 9 0.2 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0016 0.18 0.3 A3 Clayey sand 5YR46 9 0.1 Highly calcareous

NSAMDD0016 0.3 0.85 B1 Sandy loam 2.5YR56 10 0.2 Very highly calcareous

NSAMDD0016 0.85 1 B2 Sandy clay loam 2.5YR46 10 0.2 Very highly calcareous

Appendix 8. Bulk density Plot Name Sample Depth Fine Earth Bulk Density

NSAMDD0012 0-10 cm 1.75

NSAMDD0012 10-20 cm 1.72

NSAMDD0012 20-30 cm 1.89

NSAMDD0013 0-10 cm 1.75

NSAMDD0013 10-20 cm 1.72

NSAMDD0013 20-30 cm 1.79

NSAMDD0014 0-10 cm 1.7

NSAMDD0014 10-20 cm 1.74

NSAMDD0014 20-30 cm 1.7

NSAMDD0015 0-10 cm 1.71

NSAMDD0015 10-20 cm 1.68

NSAMDD0016 0-10 cm 1.68

NSAMDD0016 10-20 cm 1.48

Appendix 9. Plant collection * Denote introduced species

Plot name Herbarium determination Common name

NSAMDD0012 Tecticornia lylei Wiry Glasswort

NSAMDD0013 Acacia burkittii Fine Leaf Jam.

NSAMDD0013 Acacia colletioides Pin Bush

NSAMDD0013 Acacia havilandiorum Havilland’s Wattle

NSAMDD0013 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Rosewood

NSAMDD0013 Amphipogon caricinus Greybeard Grass

NSAMDD0013 Amyema preissii Long-leaf Mistletoe

NSAMDD0013 Austropaxillus sp. (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Austrostipa scabra Rough Speargrass

NSAMDD0013 Battarea stevenii (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Beyeria opaca Dark Turpentine Bush

NSAMDD0013 Bovista sp.1. (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Brachyscome ciliaris var. lanuginosa

NSAMDD0013 Calandrinia eremaea Small Purslane

NSAMDD0013 Calotis hispidula Bindy eye

NSAMDD0013 Centipeda thespidioides Desert Sneezeweed

NSAMDD0013 Chenopodium curvispicatum Cottony Saltbush

NSAMDD0013 Coprinellus sp. (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Cucumis myriocarpus Gooseberry Cucumber

NSAMDD0013 Dissocarpus paradoxus Cannonball Burr

NSAMDD0013 Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima Narrow-leaf Hop-bush

NSAMDD0013 Dysphania glomulifera subsp. eremaea

NSAMDD0013 Dysphania melanocarpa Keeled Goosefoot

NSAMDD0013 Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Nodding Saltbush

NSAMDD0013 Enchylaena tomentosa Barrier Saltbush

NSAMDD0013 Eremophila deserti Turkey-bush

NSAMDD0013 Eremophila glabra Black Fuchsia

NSAMDD0013 Eremophila scoparia Broom Bush

NSAMDD0013 Eremophila sturtii Budda Bush

NSAMDD0013 Eucalyptus dumosa Bunurdurk

NSAMDD0013 Eucalyptus gracilis Red Mallee

NSAMDD0013 Eucalyptus socialis Christmas Mallee

NSAMDD0013 Euphorbia dallachyana Caustic Weed

NSAMDD0013 Exocarpos aphyllus Current Bush

NSAMDD0013 Grevillea huegelii Comb Grevillea

NSAMDD0013 Halgania cyanea Blue Halgania

NSAMDD0013 Haloragis odontocarpa Mulga cabbage

NSAMDD0013 Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass Buttons

Plot name Herbarium determination Common name

NSAMDD0013 Lotus cruentus Red Bird's-foot Trefoil

NSAMDD0013 Maireana pentatropis Erect Mallee Bluebush

NSAMDD0013 Oxalis perennans

NSAMDD0013 Paspalidium constrictum Box Grass

NSAMDD0013 Plagiobothrys plurisepaleus White Forget-me-not

NSAMDD0013 Podolepis capillaris Invisible Plant

NSAMDD0013 Ptilotus obovatus var. obovatus

NSAMDD0013 Pycnoporus coccineus (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 *Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass

NSAMDD0013 Sclerolaena bicornis var. bicornis

NSAMDD0013 Sclerolaena calcarata Copper Burr

NSAMDD0013 Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Copper Burr

NSAMDD0013 Sclerolaena parviflora

NSAMDD0013 Senna artemisioides subsp. x coriacea

NSAMDD0013 Senna artemisioides subsp. x petiolaris Woody Cassia

NSAMDD0013 Sida fibulifera Pin Sida

NSAMDD0013 Solanum esuriale Potato Bush

NSAMDD0013 Solanum nigrum group

NSAMDD0013 Spergularia rubra Red Sand-spurrey

NSAMDD0013 Tetragonia eremaea Desert Spinach

NSAMDD0013 Triglochin nanum

NSAMDD0013 Triodia scariosa Porcupine Grass

NSAMDD0013 Tulostoma albicans (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Tulostoma sp.1 (fungi)

NSAMDD0013 Vittadinia cervicularis var. cervicularis

NSAMDD0013 Vittadinia cervicularis var. subcervicularis

NSAMDD0013 Westringia rigida Stiff Western Rosemary

NSAMDD0013 Zygophyllum simile White Twinleaf

NSAMDD0014 Acacia burkittii Fine Leaf Jam.

NSAMDD0014 Acacia colletioides Pin Bush

NSAMDD0014 Acacia wilhelmiana Dwarf Nealie

NSAMDD0014 Amphipogon caricinus Greybeard Grass

NSAMDD0014 Amyema miquelii Box Mistletoe

NSAMDD0014 Auritella sp. (fungi)

NSAMDD0014 Bovista aff. cunninghamii (fungi)

NSAMDD0014 Eremophila glabra Black Fuchsia

NSAMDD0014 Eremophila sturtii Budda Bush

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus dumosa Bunurdurk

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus gracilis Red Mallee

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus incrassata Angular Yellow Mallee

NSAMDD0014 Eucalyptus socialis Christmas Mallee 18

Plot name Herbarium determination Common name

NSAMDD0014 Exocarpos aphyllus Current Bush

NSAMDD0014 Grevillea huegelii Comb Grevillea

NSAMDD0014 Myoporum platycarpum subsp. platycarpum

NSAMDD0014 Olearia muelleri Dusky Daisy-bush

NSAMDD0014 Sclerolaena calcarata Copper Burr

NSAMDD0014 Senna artemisioides subsp. x petiolaris Woody Cassia

NSAMDD0014 Triodia scariosa Porcupine Grass

NSAMDD0014 Tulostoma aff. berteroanum (fungi)

NSAMDD0014 Westringia rigida Stiff Western Rosemary

NSAMDD0015 Abutilon otocarpum Desert Chinese Lantern

NSAMDD0015 Acacia colletioides Pin Bush

NSAMDD0015 Acacia oswaldii Boree

NSAMDD0015 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Rosewood

NSAMDD0015 Atriplex stipitata Bitter Saltbush

NSAMDD0015 Bovista verrucosa (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Brachyscome ciliaris var. lanuginosa

NSAMDD0015 Diploschistes cf. thunbergianus

NSAMDD0015 Dissocarpus paradoxa

NSAMDD0015 Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima Narrow-leaf Hop-bush

NSAMDD0015 Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Nodding Saltbush

NSAMDD0015 Enchylaena tomentosa Barrier Saltbush

NSAMDD0015 Enteropogon acicularis Curly Windmill Grass

NSAMDD0015 Eremophila glabra Black Fuchsia

NSAMDD0015 Eremophila sturtii Budda Bush

NSAMDD0015 Eucalyptus gracilis Red Mallee

NSAMDD0015 Exocarpos aphylla

NSAMDD0015 Geastrum elliptice (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Hakea leucoptera subsp. leucoptera Needle Bush

NSAMDD0015 Lysiana exocarpi subsp. exocarpi Harlequin Mistletoe

NSAMDD0015 Maireana sedifolia Dense Bluebush

NSAMDD0015 Maireana triptera Three-wing Bluebush

NSAMDD0015 Marsdenia australis Doubah

NSAMDD0015 Olearia muelleri Dusky Daisy-bush

NSAMDD0015 Olearia pimeleoides Burrabunga

NSAMDD0015 Parietaria debilis Forest Pellitory

NSAMDD0015 Paspalidium constrictum Box Grass

NSAMDD0015 Paspalidium gracile Graceful Panic Grass

NSAMDD0015 Phellinus rimosus group (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Podaxis pistillaris (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Pycnoporus coccineus (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Rhodocybe sp. (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Copper Burr 19

Plot name Herbarium determination Common name

NSAMDD0015 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Limestone Bindii

NSAMDD0015 Senna artemisioides subsp. x coriacea

NSAMDD0015 Senna artemisioides subsp. x petiolaris Woody Cassia

NSAMDD0015 Tulostoma aff. wrightii (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Vittadinia cuneata var. morrisonii

NSAMDD0015 Vittadinia dissecta var. hirta

NSAMDD0015 Vittadinia dissecta var. hirta (fungi)

NSAMDD0015 Xanthoparmelia taractica

NSAMDD0016 Abutilon halophilum

NSAMDD0016 Bovista verrucosa (fungi)

NSAMDD0016 Calotis hispidula Bindy eye

NSAMDD0016 *Centaurea melitensis Cockspur Thistle

NSAMDD0016 Centipeda thespidioides Desert Sneezeweed

NSAMDD0016 Convolvulus remotus Grassy Bindweed

NSAMDD0016 Daucus glochidiatus Australian Carrot

NSAMDD0016 Dissocarpus paradoxus Cannonball Burr

NSAMDD0016 Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima Narrow-leaf Hop-bush

NSAMDD0016 Dysphania cristata Crested Crumbweed

NSAMDD0016 Dysphania pumilio

NSAMDD0016 Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Nodding Saltbush

NSAMDD0016 Enchylaena tomentosa Barrier Saltbush

NSAMDD0016 Eragrostis dielsii Mallee Love-grass

NSAMDD0016 Eremophila glabra Black Fuchsia

NSAMDD0016 Eremophila longifolia Berrigan

NSAMDD0016 Eremophila sturtii Budda Bush

NSAMDD0016 Erodium brachycarpum

NSAMDD0016 Erodium cygnorum subsp. glandulosum

NSAMDD0016 Euphorbia dallachyana Caustic Weed

NSAMDD0016 Gnephosis arachnoidea

NSAMDD0016 ID Pending

NSAMDD0016 Maireana coronata Crown Fissure-weed

NSAMDD0016 *Medicago minima Burr Medic

NSAMDD0016 Myoporum platycarpum subsp. platycarpum

NSAMDD0016 Nicotiana simulans Native Tobacco

NSAMDD0016 Olearia pimeleoides Burrabunga

NSAMDD0016 Plagiobothrys plurisepaleus White Forget-me-not

NSAMDD0016 Podaxis pistillaris (fungi)

NSAMDD0016 Ptilotus obovatus var. obovatus

NSAMDD0016 Rhagodia spinescens Berry Saltbush

NSAMDD0016 Salsola australis Russian Tumbleweed

NSAMDD0016 Salvia verbenaca Vervain 20

Plot name Herbarium determination Common name

NSAMDD0016 Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Copper Burr

NSAMDD0016 Sclerolaena limbata

NSAMDD0016 Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Limestone Bindii

NSAMDD0016 Sida fibulifera Pin Sida

NSAMDD0016 Solanum esuriale Potato Bush

NSAMDD0016 Tetragonia eremaea Desert Spinach

NSAMDD0016 Vittadinia dissecta var. hirta